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PE-134-52 d ~'i0 BEe~E iM bflARD JF COr.3NTX C=1SSIeWLR5 OF SPOKAPlL CCUUTY, W"nJG7dW I~ L-IAi s~ OF UM ~ APtMGV'.~ UF 112 4`117AL ) a R4S aLJTx 8~ PLAT v F so~ ~ ~OI-ft T VZW =24 an2a1o~a. ~ BCi ~ T ILLSOLjd✓I)m jJy th8 Bm'i'd of QE7r1,L33' ~'i0IIf1i6t'7$anQK`fl of Sp3LanF3 Cctsntya V"aehington., tItaat ths r~:tml P1at, of So~x~ ~~t Viav Ua~aee A,~ditian, be:lng a subdivis~.on of' t~ rnet ~Ealf a~ 6i;4 0~ UEZ' of SZI` og 33actian 218 Tmmhip 281o oEwige 44 oSpokane Couaty, Waehungtona IyUw~x betwe~~ ~~nth and Twe1MD and ly9ng west aF Bcawdivh, sai~ beinG 9.n an Qgritu3.tL'IY'Al Z4ria Q$iitr"3.0t, nYt th0 roOoymaT3d4tiOrt tlf t11H Sp0ham GGtA:itj Rlanning Co=iasione te sm4 ibe samQ hmreby ia approvedo MoSED ~Y UIE, BQARd1, thia dklr 4 € „ . . 0 a~~ o BQMIn OF 04LtEtTY 0013I6810'RS Of SPOAXJI ~OUNTY, 14ASB~GWJ . . , . - , . ATES 1's Fraak i. Gltznr Clerk of the Boaid - - ~ ~ IN M "ITM 0F APPIL'[O.MO?' OF Pg~pa RA1dIUL C' TFE }0Oi-TIOi1 0F t~~E Tr iTp.s, P"l.-AT 0F C"OUTH POIN92! VM4 A3pIfi'IOjLT (Fd13. MRL7 Iai;S) oI' ~zl-l 0r mr 4r Znt" 0F SiJ k- oF S:1]c 21P25-44, BETRIMfit 10t-a & 12th o~ ~ ~~~~H JkVn SotrTg UM LYIr JEsT ~ 017 3Dc=~1 SH AFFIDAVIT OF POSTING STATE OF WASAINGTON ~ ) SS COIMTY OF SPQKANE ) tsprk RAn rl a77 , be ing f irst duly Sworn, depose s and says That at all tiznes mentsoned herein he was, and naw is, a aitizen of tlae United States, a resident o£ SpokQne County, Ydashington, andlover the gge of twenty-one years, That on April 18 ~ 19 52 he personally posted three (3) true and oorrect copies of the hereto attached NOTICE 4F PUBLIC f~'r~ARING at the follow- ing p lace e in Spokane Cotuaty, to-wit Y ___12th Ave A. 300 feet west of BowdiSh Road 20 Igth Ave t and Bowdi sh Road _ ; 3a Bawdi ah Road,, 500 f eet north of -12 th Ave p_ s ~ .r Subscribed and sworn to before, me 114 r ✓ r - ~ b pT~ ~t~Y".~Pt)B 'I CItN AN D FOR SPO ~•~'SPOI{AtN~ COUNTY, WASI~i~3~~~ c Ftesiding at Spokane, Washington ~ 4A PR 52 1952 , ~ I~~OTICE CP FJBL~C 11MARI"JG Z(3TIG~ ~S BMW.' aIV~T -15hat tiie Spokane County P3anning Commission will hald a -oub2ic hearing in t'k~~ Commissionersl Assenibly Room in tY~~ ~ount,i, C'ozuyt House o~ 'Wed.nesday, K~~ 2;00 F.U. tr~ ~~~e decis~on on the. followin,~ -groject w 4"U~$Uft fe tftt hftAn tW J%o gt fAW TUa +i-U% Of now fimitsm W 40 0 k 40 Ot 49 Ot ~1~` ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ it ti:ne ind Z-p~ace, any interest-ed ~~~sor: 7.,:a,- be heard for, or ~ga~,not, the ~-r.wzting th~ a1bove cir~~licntio:;. 11 r ~ +^y r 7 a y ~ rt 'A ~i, r F ~f'T ~y , `-7- Ethe1da Pazer, Acting Exec/:' Secretary Wf.t; : xT i'~`~TO,•I SxOICM COu7+1'rY PLAMTirIG 00114i5SYON COU~'I't COt1RM ?TOUSE SPOIUN, 1, IfASHIITGTOId ApVgl U. 195' Hro Peack lianaa1l West 1514 P20videneQ 4okmAe• Vashingtoa Dea8~.' aro R=daIlq The hparing on your application for i~~ ~`c'i ~~~~'i~~te~~ ~ti for lat of Oo~a Fo~~ V~~ Roaeo (~'orm6r~ 40s) or nesr 2 00 P1I jle arg unaYIe ?o~tl.~' t~ °ex"29f hour when vour project will be considered, as the order of business for the session is quite oxteztded. It is Qesential that you or your rApresentativQ be rresent at the public he2ring, as thg Commissian may desire further infprmation re].l.- tive to your proposed actiaityo Enclosed, vleaee find four aoticgs of public hearing, thr-ee of which are ta be poated at three conapicuous places on the proposed site of your project. This should be done immed.iately upon their receipt, as the notices sliauld bs posted at least ten days before bhA date set fcr the hearing. The other notice should be kept for your files. jfe arA also Pnclosing a.n affidmvit of posting,to be completed by you and filed with the Secretary in thYS offzce sometim0 befnre the hearing. If you have not already done ae, Yt irill be necessary to s.9a Mr. .ExcAll, County SanitQrian, in regard to your sa.nitation, or yewr peimit cannc+t bo give,n coasideiation Very i,ruly yours, SFOEM COtT17tY PIAITITrIJG CQIKItff SSIQN DSG eep Ry Eneo 5 Executivs Secreta.ry c' ~ f To ~~~~r IL LTiN 4dPC~ ~I~<?ra li ~D w,'py.j I ~ ~r.•>~a.. ~I~~ ~ow~►~~y q~~( 1~ er- L, > o v ,l r 311058 . - - - - ~ ~ V + ~s-~.► ~ o M 1 0 _th ' - i~ vEr/ f~ v e A_ i 103 d 103 o"41/ tfa ° 3 c%c~~~ ~ ~ d+ A ~ I i~ i 1 a; V li . ~ ' _ O I i B' L 0 C[B 1 .w a : o ~f ; 4 5 g dron I ~ . 1031- 1 ; o e 1 th A V Eo co:~ - - - r4f' 1036 103 103 4.> ~ 3 2 1 ' a . to Vc G=7 1 4~ BL o cK Z ~ . i 0 Febo 18, 1952 5 6 ~ ~ SQ8l6 • 1" r lOQ 9 , . , -a _ q G r ssai.i A 1 2 t~ 11 Y La "o}.i th line of NL- 5t'ia Y' . _k t~ ~ v~` ' - a ~ ,^-T ~i.~ .1 ~ +v► _ - .d. ~r ` v r „ „ T .t , a d _ T'S. C ~ ~ r-` y ~'.C' I ±rjj 4 P RII.ZhiI NARY PLAT I..ALB t S SUB-DIVI SI ON OF TiE EAST H.ALF OF THEt S~ NE.,~ JW14, , SECa 21 o T 25 N, R 44 EWM, SPOKANE COUNTY, WASHINGTONv ti i~ Plattor David LAib Surveyor ~ Pe rk Ran 11 3~S / Valleyford, U~asho V40 o ~ ~ ZI~=RtS ~~ZIiIIsTKRY F, Contirued %Ile prQpose to bring it fron Evergreen to the center of eo called Bolliver Road I as sho«n on the plat lle bave the easement -ks a matit6r of fsct Vte have the trater on tae property or ratser tie have the pxpe Iaid to the groperty at the nresent time. The ma.in is a 4-inch main ranning from Mo113ver road. lie have a fire hydrant between lots 14 and 15 on the propea ty line We have a14-inch fire hydrant at a- four foot dapth We realize that the aeceptance of the plat is contigent upon the public right-ol-way across the Spokane-Coaur d'Alene and Pa].ouse Rai1wa9 The County has applxed for the public soad right--of-way ~ 1,h-rough Pub? xc Seryice CommYSsion and that is about all I am fa.mi'Liar with IvIr jralker j,rhz-t ts this proporty here? tIr Ziegler The 4001 laying to the east? That is pilvately owned gropertyo fir ~ri3.ke, Is it field or a.s a.t laid oat ia lots and blacks? Mrs breg1Qr It is not blatted or is it in fields. The initlal 400', a-poi tioa of tliq-t is oYlned by a. man back aast 14r. Sandstrum is the man that guve us the ~ easement for the ilater main from Evergreen to joini.ng us on the uest, and as to how much hs ojfns, I do not Iaiow, but the easement came from r1ir Sandstiume 14.r. llalker tiiZa,t siae are your lots? rIr Li em? ei They ar e 70 x 103 at.nd 75 h 103 0 Pir p.r lerson You ld sell a,n individual lot 74 x 103 woulcln lt you? Mr Zi3glcr Yes sir# tha.t is why iie plattsd it tlat iray, figuring frQm our own i znancial standpoa.nt it would be the best v$.lue on the propertya ~u . za aIlcer I sther e anyone els e her e t o appoar on bohalf of thi s plat ? If there are no object3.ons this ma.tter will be reFerrad to Pixecutive Session. Pfic 4nderson I mova that tite refer th3s mattar to Dixecuti ve 6ession. FLr Mviire I second the motion. tJIotion carried• ACTIt?~' Executive Sesaion reports that the plat be accepted as a?'reliminary Plat iaI-BiS Su-BDIVISION IlLrs Pazer, The fourth preli►air.-alry plat is Laxb ts Subdivision, beYng the Ez of the SEI of I'* of SV+ l, of Sec. 21-25--44, bettreen 14th and 12th on the north and sauth and lying west of Bowel3sh Ferk Randall is aEaiu the Land Surveyor Is there a ropresentative for tha.s? P'Ir. t'Talker Ie thore a reiaresentative for tli3.s? If not rre will continue witn the next order of businesse This wlll be postponod to the nvxt meeting. F M-4A I S S[TbDI VISIOIT ?M, T IP1I-N.ARY FLAT 1 o►f M, a DIa s?azer The next plMt is Ferrere ls Subdivisioa, oeYn.g part of the Sw.~ of Section 7, Tawnship 25 31ort?z, Range 44, lying east of Vista and north of Trent road Guy Sturraan is the Engineer on th3.s snd hs is here today Mc o S turman Thi s proDo sed pi oUerty to plat has a lh-inch main runring doinn through here. Then wo v ill attach on here and go around here. This is a fire plug here, an.d ano ther one her eand thsn we t re going to Put one bere. fiher e will be a4--xnch ma.in all along It is acceptable to the amount of pull there i.a thel ea It doesn't take in theso lots heree ~`sr. Walke-i Any water on the proporty? IIIr. Fizor Yes, there is a lins running dotdn in here noii A 4--incY: main running dol;n throuGh here. We wi11 at tacli on there and go a,round here. 'We wi ll attacli on the source of supply here on Vista4 }rir. Me-lp.st Thie is an Orcha2d Avenue Main4 tdr. Rizor That ia a laxge mnin Thore is a fire plug here, another ona here and thon we- are going to put one here and one hare (Foiating an mL-o ) There is a 4--lnch main !Zere and, it is acceptable to the amolsnt of pull there is there Mr. Meigs Do ~rou go east of Bessie? P4ro Rizor ilio, it doesn; t take 4hese lots i.n here. -5-- S ^LtS SLTDI VI SICiu Cont inuod Dlr. F.andall You a2e quite right, 14 Walker I have basn over th4s with the prosecutor thorAUghly from one end to the other Thia i$ 3ust one of these cases where someone is putting off untii tomorraw vrhat should be done to day They have so ld i t wi thout havimg platt ed i t and af t ar s e? 13ng it they are reqsized to plat it and it is the case x`here the plat ctould be tuined dovm if that 10 feet wei e not 3ncluded Since shQ intends, in the ~ iutut e, to sell this olf it is obvious to come under -the pl.3tting ordina.rice. Mr. tiix You say thiE Fu . Dou&las d,oesn 't vrant to donate the 10 f eet? lal-e Ranclall tiie11, I viantt say tha'u- he doesn1t tirant to I rather exnected him to be hare, but l1e isnit. I wi11 eay thip, he objected to at. He wanted to kno•r if ho %ould be recomvensed for that two--nundreths of an acx e I told him I didnt t knotr who woald pay foi it. I said 'Uhs County wouldntt. IIe took the attitude tha,t thia was a County banefito I told him that County roads iiEre not an aeset 11jo the Couflty, but a 7 fabilitv, but that tliey tireie a bonefit to the property oilners and that ijae the laet tiord that was 3aid on it. He ttras advised af the 3ato af the meeting and I expected h3 m to be .here. Itir. tFa].ke.c It way be an asaet to the Farrella. Itr Sta4g Nir Rand,all, if you intAnd this x,or a fznal pla,t, this lot 3 ~ does hava 'to bs giT-ed by klxe Bauglas If io is unable oi not willSng to aign it tnat uill havv ta ov ehcluded iram the plate In other wo-ids the rierreils have Iost conurol of the land a.nd 3f 11e ze#'uses to siLm tne p1-it, then ti-lat lo t tirill ha~re to be aKcluded fiom the plat Th,at would be abaut all thEre is to ito Di? . Ran.dall• I had a case like that last sum,ner. Tho St-ate Tsaw reads that anyone tlkit r.as a vested interest, zrsst aign the -olat. The qaestion arose, I'jThat a.r5 you going to do if someone refuses to sign s.t" IIow are you go ilig to f oro s them to s 1gn z t? However, 'Uhat is uo t wlthin my poirer IIm merely a suiveyor, not an attorneya iIr Wa7ker} That 3$ aauestion for the Prosecutor t s office Any objeci,ion to accoFtina this os a prelim3.nary plat? Pii tiylu e I tnove it be accapted as a prelimxviary plat. Ira I4in IseEQnd the motion. Motion caxried hir r tla 1ker I ma~ asi{ vou, you h..ad bett er woi k on 1la. Aouglas. ACTI4t; Accented as a preliminary plat. Sf3tJTH POI~.~T VIEjJ g014"1+;S .ADDITIQil? lirs. Eazor We have 5outh Point View Homes hdd.ition, tibich was foa merly iaib is Subdivisior_o Dr Laib has colcl to another man and they Are chang-- ing the name a.f the subd3visione This is the application of Pork Randa11 for a-arelimiaary pla.t of South Foint Vloat Homes AdC11 ylol'la being the E3 of 01- of Mh-,' of S1t2'7 of SEC. 21-25--44p bebtlna-n; at Tenth, soui,h to Twelfth a.nd lying weet of Rowdishe I,z s Randa11 This nlat was originally submittod at tne l.ast meetzng s,s L-iib= e Subdivieion and I►Zr. Iazb sold his int~ est to PIio& 14rao Morris who ilish to retain the same plat lwing arrangemenlu 'he plat shoivs the tiater mains ara alreadp 3a on Tvielftb and Bowdish They itish to continus it docv-n 33otvdish to Tenth and in between the lfties of iots 2 and 3 and in on Elevonth betweon Lots 2and 3, lying Zo the sauth cYro tfa1L-,er, Wnat sizo ai e the water mainsT Niro Randa11 Four-imGh. ?dizo I4e3.ps It ls 4--inch on all sides and crossing Eleventh,Avenue, isntt it7 I4r Rand,all I think it i s. MY'e M81Ks I3id yOLi check thlia, Ross? Iir ,Svate Yos Th1s is being presentod as a pi elimina,ry p1at. It is the s;me plat that csas liled wi uli the previous ovner. -3- SOliTH POI °T VIffor HOIlSb AsJDITtO!r Continued I ir o 1Jalker Aayone op oo sed to thi s Plat ? IiLr. t;eigs I move that are accept this as a nieliminary plat 8nd refer 3t to the Platting,Commattee iir. Poaseoa. I secoiid the motiona Notlon carried. ACTI0N Accented as a prelimina-vy plate ?jWLIj-T S JBDI VI SION rirs Pacer vle have the a plication of Perk ~nclpll for a grelimina.ry pla.t of a~art of the E2 of StT~ of s'la of Section 8, Toilnship 26 ZJ., Aange 431 h1A of V'hitworth Co llege and approximately one mile north of the "Y" Ma o Itandallt This' ae you can see, waa accented as a preliminary plat, aad if Itgm mot mistakent Etrelda, wasnlt !t pasaed aa a fina,l, but aover filed? Iurs. Pazer It ivas never brought up for final as they poatponed ite That was in 194$9 lir. Randall Mro Vextdervert muet not ha.ve been ready -to go thr ough vith lt at the timat eo it is being again presented as aprelininary. This fronts on the old Inland Empire 8ighway♦ It comes dovrn from 1'lhatciorth and a f'eti► hundred feet north of here it comes un and aoins the h3.ghtlay ~ This i~ 3:nnediately east of Cookf s rinko mhis island lios right in here tiu*=ieen the ttro roads. Right fa here is the vnderpass tirhere the netl highva~ comes over the old road.s, Iiro lIaLker Do you nave the tlater in? Iar, Itazdall Nira VandeY vert is here, nQ can tell you I,Iro Ve-iderv0rt Z have a well already there that qou aould ptit a 6-inch pump on and you couldn lt affeat it at all, Mr. Wal.ar 8a,ve you 2aid out any maina? Rira Vandorvert. T ha,ve one paXtiv t,here that wa,nts to buy a ipYOCe of ground. They are a young couple a,nd they want to dib the3r aiin we11 Iir. Mic Eow deep do you have ta go tA the tater7 ttr. Vanaervert It varlee all the jiay from 32 to 42 feet. It is the sanie supplv of water t?-iat wo get in Snokane, mr., Pr"dall, This is on that wator m-ri-acl that ocm)tios out right thEre at VTandermereo There is a well about 1/2 mile or leas northeast of hereo that thoy actually ran a test ou it and it has 5 foot of second flow thraugh the we11 ^h~t is the purest and coldest iiater than you can get tu e FosseenTs That fuinishes the 1-i tar for Wandormere, doesnit it? t4ro RaiLaall Yes. Mr.. E a'_ker You figure an individual well onlyi Mre Vandervert, I have a well oa this lot here nowo Yesters 3ust dug a well liera. They wont docrn 38 feetA Mr. Ilalker, I im not xnterosted in them. Do you figurQ that each of 'kohese peo-ole Yiall dig a vrellY 14r Vaadervert ° They -want to tlrill their otivn ttell,. R'he govarnment tests this piunp every 6 moatha, R'hey came out there %rith a 2--inch pump ana tlzey puaiped far 24 houra. It ha.s no affect irha,tsoevar on the 9ubpl3r. IIr. 3--(.eZl I thLrk, gentlemen, that it might be well to check as to the suitaLilityo Itd like to su;gest gentlemen, that due to the fpct that putting eewag9 disposal on that area, it might be a good idea for us to caNeck as to the auitability of other wells on the ground. That wator is not too deep ia that area and if aevage iras around, ft might be conts.min- ated,. lLro Riix, 'Wha.t arrangements ha,va you made for fire protection? Mr.# Va.nderver t- Ilm putt ing on a pump that wi 11 pump 7,000 gallons of wat or an hour. I f-igvro I can rvn ton of the big s)rayers the fellolt next to mo ran 12- of the big sprayez s. 'We havo the ti'hitwosth Fire Department ana the Mea,d Fire Depnrtment in that area.. gny of them can put a line dovin an the lrel I.s and pump all troy want to a -4. ~ YMUG"LL IS SUBDIVISIOY -9 ___;tponed umt il the next meoting SOUTE POIr~~T Y17d .0DYTION PINAL PLAT rAxs P€zor- Wo havv the application of Pork Randall, EngineQr, for tho ldontion of tha I'3.na1 plat of South Po~nt '~iow Somas addition, bairg tha E~ of SR~ oi AMej- of 11'531^l s of 5ac 21-25--44# betweon Tonth And Twolfth, and lying wost of Bowdieh in atz Agricultural Zone Distrxcte Ydr. Reneell = I1 m Peet Rasdal]..Thi a nlat hp-ee11 boon s taltod and tho wator mafns originally in on Ts,rolfth and in. Bowdish to a point ioughly in the contor of Lot 1, 3lock 2. PoLir inch mairs havv all baon Q ttondod on 73owdieh in on Elavvnth Avenuep opposito the lino of IAte 2and 39 3lock 3, and bctiioen Lots 2end 39 in BloGk 1. The watQr w3.ns ara a11 in. Tho stroets havo booa gradad to tivhat I trust the County Engisoor aail] racept. -Tonth Avanue, has not beon gradod, but that has been in the paet e, i egulaily traveled road and it is porfoatly opeA to travol. Tho only rvason I havciitt asked for an inepoction on thia 3s becpuso I waa unablo to get the guaild stalros until thfs mornigg and ile just got thom put in this mornirg. ThQre tiras aa objoctiou hero a whilo a;o to v 25 foot doad ond road, aiid of coul so Tvnth 9vonue falls in that samo catagorye ~ Tho 1^Ad i.m.zediatoly north and adjoining this has boen st~+..kod out but has aot beco submftted as a p1Pt ae yot Thoro wAe 25 feot Di ovidad for a i op-d and that would nr.ako Tcnth Avenua 50 fept wido. tf,r dcLlkins• Doos E1ovonth Avenue go right or throu~;h hora7 121. Rn.ncLall No, it doos not. It runs eastalr ld from :Bowdish, but it doesnit run voatwaid. Thv same pooplo who arv building on thie tract now aro trying to rnurehasa tho Droperty 3.mmediataly to thp west of thiso If they do thoy will o, .,tond the road wcst3ilye hcr. StPtot r movo that this be rQferiod to Bxocutiva Ses&ioao iIr I41-- I socond the motion: ltiotion carrivd. gCTI4! Exacutivo Sessioa ropoi ts that the pl-it bo aacclotod subjoat to inapoction oi' the Couaty Enginoero MARSK " ,AGRI CT,ZlI'UIt.AL ZONING t1Lrs Pazerl ltito, havo the cont inuetioa of haar3ng on -ooti tion of nroporty ownere to zono the followSng doecrfbod nronerty as an ki iculturdl zono d3strict •A17 of that pz.rt of 5oci ~--24-43, lying ~~gst of~ S~H ~r ,a11 of Soc. 6--2~3, a11 of Soc 1-24--421 the E2 of 5oc. 2--211-►4~2, tho Sa of S, of Sec+ 3-2"29 a11 of Saca. 10, 11, 1-21 13; 14; 151 22, 23, 24# Twpi 24s RanCo 429 end, all of Socs 199 20, 17, 18, 7& 89 Zn;►p. 241 Ranga 43i lying south ard ;tost of Sil city limits Vxs. Fish lcigh is the rop ~osoqtwt9.vo. ~~na. F4~sk~.loi~h, I don t ltnods iihi-t moro thero is fQr mo td say, I tm wondoring wYet you aro going to say Ithoiight wo gavo it auita claarlj last time Most a11 of us wrrnt it Agricultuia lo WQ don lt trrant it 2ndustriple Tho I4arshall boys QbovQ us tira.nt thofr industrial. Thoy fool they can mr-+.1to a town of it It cortainly ie industrial up thoro But our vallay end pro?aorty arouud us or both sidos, we want nobhing but At;riculturRl and residants. 'I`hZ.t ia til2pt thay hava asLred me to ask for. Thore 1a no one agafust ito bIr. Stato Thie tias aubmzttod ot the last maatiLig and it wag brought to our attonti6n tbpt our County PlRnner wi11 eoon be availpblo and with the pormiasion of tho petitionere it itill ba delayod until this Pl~.r.ner has the chanco to o;.amino this matter. It will bo dolayed a month-or two months, and during tlaat timo the Plannor will o:,,eminQ that and tro will soon hEVO his sorvxcoao Ifir. Bienz TrJith tho provision thati no pormits be givQn to bueinesscs until this i s s ottlod 14r e Stato !['h.-t is right. 1llsF1shlaigh• Th^t is wMt -vto tiraut to know. 4lo don`it tvant any filling statidns or b cer tavarne out ther Q a We wa.nt i t kopt c 1San. 14rQ Sianz Itill it bo ggreeublo «ith ypu to alatt until our Plannor gets horo4 .,17.. w, m, s  h.~. i ~ , . o a . T ~gg t X t~~ p: ~ 5'.~ s ~ ,u,~~ ~ . . w. ,m p' ~ ~ pr; t.. K ".4"r . r: C~. . H ~ J. b... 't~ ' ' , Y' l ~ w. ; .i1~}~' M~~ N n 't~ a~'_ ' s ~ rv,. m,r . d' i  a . y M. _ _ zs, • ~ x::... .