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Agenda 08/26/2004 SPOKANE VALLEY PLANNING COMMISSION AGENDA Council Chambers - City Hall 11707 E. Sprague Avenue 6:30 p.m.-9:30 p.m. * * * August 26, 2004 * * .k I. CALL TO ORDER II. PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE III. ROLL CALL IV. APPROVAL OF AGENDA V. APPROVAL OF MINUTES • August 12, 2004 VI. PUBLIC COMMENT VII. COMMISSION REPORTS VIII. ADMINISTRATIVE REPORT IX. COMMISSION BUSINESS New Business: • Public Hearing: Consider an Ordinance amending provisions in Spokane Valley Ordinance Nos.03-053 and 03-083 relating to"Clear View Triangles" • Public Hearing: Street Vacation Request STV-03-04 • Public Hearing: Street Vacation Request STV-04.04 • Briefing on Comprehensive Plan Chapter 2—Land Use Element X. FOR THE GOOD OF THE ORDER XI. ADJOURNMENT COMMISSIONERS CITY STAFF Fred Beaulac Marina Sukup, AICP Robert Blum Greg McCormick, AICP John G. Carroll Scott Kuhta, AICP David Crosby Debi Alley William Gothmann, Chair Gail Kogle Ian Robertson, Vice-Chair www.spokanevalley.orq CITY OF SPOKANE VALLEY Request for Commission Action Meeting Date: August 26, 2004 City Manager Sign-off: Item: Check all that apply: ❑ consent 0 old business ® new business ® public hearing El information 0 admin. report ® pending legislation AGENDA ITEM TITLE: Public Hearing: Consider an Ordinance amending provisions relating to"Clear View Triangles" GOVERNING LEGISLATION: Spokane Valley Ordinance 03-53 and 03-83. PREVIOUS COUNCIL ACTION TAKEN: None. BACKGROUND: Ordinance No. 03-83 (the "Nuisance Ordinance) provides that the Public Works Director will promulgate policies relative to "clear view triangles". The Interim Zoning Regulations Section 14.810.020 of the Interim Zoning Regulations provides measuring standards for "clear view" triangles and regulates the placement of fences and vegetative screens, including hedges and shrubbery, although the provisions have never been enforced and may be more appropriate to rural systems than urban areas. This section also regulates the fencing around swimming pools which will be superseded by the International Codes on July 1, 2004. The Public Works Department proposes to establish the requirements for"Clear View Triangles" by ordinance, within the Spokane Valley Uniform Development Code, to be enforced by the Community Development Department. The proposed ordinance will also relax the fencing requirements along flanking streets to permit six foot fences, provided they do not encroach on the "clear view triangle". The proposed standards measure the triangle from the curb or edge of pavement, rather than from the centerline of the street, as is presently the case. The proposed provisions eliminate the bias created by different right-of-way widths and is more clearly understood by property owners. In the event that the City wishes to avoid future visibility issues associated with fences, permits for new fences should be required. A determination of Non-Significance was issued on May 26, 2004 and a draft proposal was submitted to CTED and other agencies for their review. RECOMMENDED ACTION OR MOTION: Following the Public Hearing, recommend approval. BUDGET/FINANCIAL IMPACTS: Not applicable. STAFF CONTACT: Marina Sukup, AICP, Community Development Director ATTACHMENTS: Draft Ordinance CITY OF SPOKANE VALLEY SPOKANE COUNTY, WASHINGTON ORDINANCE NO. 04-0 AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY OF SPOKANE VALLEY, WASHINGTON, ESTABLISHING SECTION 7.06 OF THE SPOKANE VALLEY UNIFORM DEVELOPMENT CODE; AMENDING ORDINANCE No. 03-053 BY AMENDING SECTION 14.810.020 FENCES OF THE INTERIM ZONING CODE; AMENDING ORDINANCE No. 03-83 RELATING TO THE PROHIBITION OF NUISANCES; PROVIDING FOR SEVERABILITY AND EFFECTIVE DATE. WHEREAS, the Interim Zoning Code adopted by the City of Spokane Valley pursuant to Ordinance 03-53 regulates the placement of fences and vegetative screens, including hedges and shrubbery; and WHEREAS, Ordinance No. 03-83 Prohibition of Nuisances effective on October 23, 2003 provides that vegetation, buildings, structures and fences that obstruct or hinder the use of any public walkway, sidewalk or street, or that obstruct or obscure the view of traffic or traffic control devices are prohibited nuisances; and WHEREAS, Ordinance No. 03-83 further provides that the Public Works Director will promulgate policies relative to"clear view triangles"; and WHEREAS, the Community Development Director is responsible for the enforcement of nuisance ordinances; NOW, THEREFORE, the City Council of the City of Spokane Valley, Washington, ordains as follows: Section 1. Section 7.06 of the Spokane Valley Uniform Development Code is hereby established to read as follows: "Section 7.06. Clear View Triangle A clear view triangle is a measurement applied at the intersection of two Vegetation within clear-view triangle streets or the intersection of an alley or commercial driveway ���'�►,.. and a street, to ensure 1►z`r 4.* unobstructed vision of �• ,�/. motorists and pedestrians. Within the •---- --•- 91 -•--•-• clear view triangle, the TWFrrimirn 3'Mwomum space between three .:,. and seven feet above grade must be Ground unobstructed (See Figure 7.06)and calculated as follows: a) Uncontrolled Intersection: the right isosceles triangle having sides of fifty feet(50'-0") measure along the curb line of each intersecting local access street(or five feet from edge of pavement for a street with no curbs), alley or commercial driveway (See Figure 7.06.a) ; or 50 FT. LOCAL ACCESS STREET / PICHT-NRB 0(-WET d -P PROPER1OPERIT UNE F- N � W � U O , I CITY IN.L-0E-WAT Figure 7.06.a. Uncontrolled Intersection b) Stop Controlled Intersection: the right triangle having a sixteen foot (16'-0") side measured along the curb line of a local access street (or five feet from edge of pavement for a street with no curbs), alley or commercial driveway, and the distance shown on Table 7.06.1 based on posted speed along the side along the curb line of the intersecting street (or five feet from edge of pavement for a street with no curbs)(See Figure 7.06.b) ; or Figure 7.06.b Stop Controlled Intersection Table 7.06.1 SEE TABLE 7.06.1 THROUGH STREET y--CUPB Posted Speed Distance ,c_tlT�cNT_oF-WAY (in MPH) (in feet) PROPERTY LINE 25 70 o w I c30 95 35 110 ti L CITY RIONT-OF-WAY c) In cases including, but not limited to, arterials with posted speeds in excess of 35 m.p.h., one-way streets, steep grades and sharp curves the City Traffic Engineer will determine the appropriate measurement. Section 2. Section 14.810.020 Fences of the Spokane Valley Interim Zoning Code is hereby amended to read as follows: "14.810.020 Fences 1. No sight-obstructing fence more than thirty-six(36) inches in height nor any non-sight- obstructing fence (cyclone) more than forty-eight(48) inches in height may be erected and/or maintained within the required front yard or required flanking street yard of any lot used for residential purposes. Within a P.U.D. a fence may exceed the height limit specified herein if designated on a preliminary site plan when approved by the Hearing Body as part of the development concept. Such fence shall not exceed six(6)feet in height, although entranceway gates, arches, covered entrances, support structures, etc., may exceed this height when a specific design is presented and approved by the Hearing Body. When perimeter fencing is used with a P.U.D. design, a minimum of five (5)feet of landscaping is required between such fences and public/private pedestrian or roadway rights-of-way. Hedges, shrubbery, or other materials used in lieu of a fence and not a part of a landscaping requirement per Section 14.806.040, yet serving the same function as a fence, shall be considered a fence. A residential fence exceeding a height of six(6) feet requires a variance from the Hearing Body; 2. Neither residential, commercial or industrial fencing, nor any sight obstruction which constitutes a hazard to the traveling public as dctermincd by the County Engineer, shall be permitted on any corner lot in any zone within the area designated as the"clear view triangle" pursuant to the standards established in Section 7.06 of the Spokane Valley Uniform Development Code. This area can be determined by measuring one hundred ten (110)feet from the center of two intersecting local access strcets along the centcrlincs of ach local access with an arterial street, the area can be determined by measuring four hundred 000)feet along the centerline of the arterial street and thirty two (32)feet along the centerline of the local have their branches removed at the trunk from ground level to a minimum of seven (7)feet required area needed to reduce hazards to the traveling public. pool shall not be considered to qualify as a--substitute for the required fence as a means of 4. 3. In the Exclusive Agricultural, General Agricultural, RR-10, SRR-5 and SRR-2 Residential, and Mining zones, electric fences shall be permitted in accordance with the following standards: a. Electric fences shall be for the confinement of animals and control of predators. b. Electric fences shall conform in all respects to the Washington State Rules and Regulations for electrical wiring, RCW 19.28, as to voltage, amperage, safety factors, and shall be energized only with Underwriters Laboratories approved exciting equipment. c. Electric fences shall be marked with warning signs at least twenty-four(24) square inches in area located every one hundred and fifty (150)feet. In the EA and GA zones when the area of the property concerned is twenty (20) acres or more and, providing further, where the fences are not adjacent to a public highway or platted area, the use of conspicuous insulators shall be considered sufficient warning when approved by the State Electrical Inspector. d. Electric fences shall be prohibited in all Industrial, Business, RS and SR-1 thru UR-22 Residential zones. 6. 4. Barbed wire fences shall be prohibited in RS and SR-1/2 thru UR-22 Residential zones. In the B-2, B-3 and Industrial zones, barbed wire may be used for security purposes only on the upper one-quarter(1/4) of the fence. 6. 5. Nonresidential fences in the Industrial, Business and Mining Zones are allowed up to eight (8)feet in height. • . . . - - -- -•- _-e- _ e-- Section -Section 3. Ordinance 03-083 is amended to read as follows: Section 4. Nuisances Prohibited. No person, firm or entity shall erect, contrive, cause, continue, maintain or permit to exist any public nuisances within the City. Prohibited public nuisances include, but are not limited to: A. Vegetation. 1. Overhanging limbs or branches that are less than eight (8) feet above a public walkway or sidewalk, or less than fourteen (14) feet above a public street. 2. Vegetation that obstructs or hinders the use of any public walkway, sidewalk or street, or that obstructs or obscures the view of traffic or traffic control devices, kAlefks Director as provided in Section 7.06 of the Spokane Valley Uniform Development Code. 3. Any growth of noxious weeds or any toxic vegetation shall be subject to WAC 17.750 as currently adopted and hereafter amended. B. Building, Structures, Fences. 1. Buildings or portions thereof which a are deemed dangerous by the Spokane Valley Building Code -- ---- -- - - •• --- - A -- -- provided that such conditions or defects exist to the extent that life, health, property or safety of the public or the structures occupants are endangered. 2. Any fence that obstructs or hinders the use of any public walkway, sidewalk or street, or that obstructs or obscures the view of traffic or traffic control devices, Works Director as provided in Section 7.06 of the Spokane Valley Uniform Development Code. Section 5. Severability. If any section, sentence, clause or phrase of this ordinance shall be held to be invalid or unconstitutional by a court of competent jurisdiction, such invalidity or unconstitutionality shall not affect the validity or constitutionality of any other section, sentence, clause or phrase of this ordinance. Section 5. Effective Date. This Ordinance shall be in full force and effect following its passage and subsequent publication in the official newspaper of the City as provided by law. PASSED by the City Council this day of June, 2004. Mayor, Michael DeVleming ATTEST: City Clerk, Chris Bainbridge Approved as to Form: Deputy City Attorney, Cary Driskell Date of Publication: Effective Date: Spokane Iley Clear'V/iiewi Ti"dian j 1 a Community Development Department Public Works Department Purpose Brief the planning Commission on issues associated with"Clear View Triangles" Background o The Nuisance Ordinance Na 03-83 on October 23, 2003 provides that the Public Works Director will promulgate policies on"Clear View Triangles" The Zoning regulations(Ordinance 03-53)regulates the placement of fences and shrubbery which is prohibited within the"Clear View Triangle" As written,the standards are difficult to enforce The zoning regulations also regulate fences around swimming pools,rules which conflict with the requirements of the International Code which becomes effective on July 1,2004 1 11a-m42000.111Am dear-%Inv lrtw,^,k C w . TYrI 4 (tit. G191111d Intersection o 10-20%of intersections may Control Total require investigation/remediation 0 300-600 properties None 1362 o 85-95%of property owners will Stop 1180 comply with a notice The estimated annual cost of the Signal 69 6-8 cases requiring adjudication Yield 19 is$16,584 : ,, ' < . .: Blind Corners x ; . , W �~ a atifryy u •. --e 4s t i ti y z 1,,v, e " 2_•.: SPEED Fences iPE 35 p.o y ,01..., f 35 r=te rw �4t • tr r F a a 2 7 ... ..„ ,..,._..:, . ...„. .:., „:„:, -'ii--'‘'IL-:44--2-:':-.:1"irl -." ':: 1 �ti' , ,„. 4A.•- y li , r k 4K 1 .A' • _. . d IX . ;ABY "T'. . `.l^$y 9 4 ti t. Y , •: "' UNCONTROLLED INTERSECTION ''r o CURRENT 'Center line of the road 110'x 110' PROPOSED 6. Curb/Edge Pavement 50'x 50' 50 FT. LOCAL ACCESS STREET `�,_ ,� nT ME.. ► ate 0 O Et Ig `i IJ 3 CONTROLLED INTERSECTION c CURRENT Center line of the road -. -- 32'x 400' PROPOSED -4111b=1" Curb/Edge Pavement 16'x varies w/speed - (up to 110') `+ Stop Controlled Intersection Proposed SEE TABLE 7.06.1 THROUGH STREET Special Cases May be established by the Traffic Engineer in special cases, including but not limited to: arterials with posted speeds in excess of 35 m.p.h. one-way streets steep grades and sharp curves 4 Blind Corners 17i ' 1 ' ''-' - b,_.. �• �,.: After June 16,2004 1t<'' — 1 • A New owner needed a reminder ''IT i _ '. ____,__________ . Front Yard setback Clear View 36'Opaque Tria •le 48'Cyclone Street '''''',\;17/.____. • N g o N c Ym c c A Y u. c 111.0.11 LL 'Flanking Street�� Side Yard NOW 6'OK PROPOSED NOW Front Yard setback Clear View 36-Opaque Tria .le 48'Cycloonn`e� Street y m o rn c Y cm Y c C 'Flanking'Street • us Side Yard / GOK 1 /' / Street DOUBLE FRONTAGE LOTS PROPOSED 5 Fences Fences represent a considerable investment by the property owner Side and rear privacy fences,especially for property along arterials and residential collectors,may afford the owner a better use of his/her property BUT,it is much easier to inform the property owners BEFORE they build the fence,rather than having them remove/relocate the fence because it intrudes on the clear view triangle This can only be accomplished if a permit is required Proposed Amendments Establish Section 7.06 of the Spokane Valley Uniform Development Code Amend Ordinance 03-83 to reference Section 7.06 SVUDC Delete provisions in the Interim Zoning Regulation Section 14.810.020 Fences to delete provisions in conflict with SVUDC and International Codes Approval 6 CITY OF SPOKANE VALLEY Request for Planning Commission Action Meeting Date: August 26, 2004 City Manager Sign-off: Item: Check all that apply: ❑consent ❑ old business ® new business ® public hearing 0 information El admin. report ® pending legislation AGENDA ITEM TITLE: Public Hearing - Street Vacation Request STV-03-04 for a remainder of David Road located between Sprague Avenue and Appleway, west of Thierman Road. PREVIOUS COUNCIL ACTION TAKEN: City Council adoption of Ordinance No. 04-001 (Street Vacations) in January 2004. On July 27th, 2004 by Resolution 04-023 City Council set August 26th, 2004 as the date for a public hearing on the proposal. BACKGROUND: Chris Linc Properties L.L.C., 2320 North Atlantic Street, Spokane WA 99205 the owner of abutting Parcel No. 35242.0102 requests the vacation of a remainder of David Road, originally acquired by Spokane County for the Appleway Extension. Spokane Utilities has noted that the parcel is located over an existing sewer line which will require establishment of an easement. Spokane County Engineering has also indicated that the parcel for which vacation has been requested may remain within the jurisdiction of WSDOT, precluding any vacation at this time. WSDOT has been contacted concerning their interests in this property. 1 , -_-1 i t 1_ ;tt, iii�,,, i�t1 '541`1 6505, 6511 6515 6605 6607 -63tit it I i I i I,` i "'H�,139 ' l� tj111'I/ 3704 6710 ��'r �i�1i1� 1 1! �� 6630 j ti 11 Ial >> ig 64161 Es--- - -6510-_.-,. a 21 8721 , 41itg1 1s i.-. X17-IN 0 4, 11i.l1 1 -- 161 -. s,----- --�— -a L� —{may- i A ;I R 1 _ I -\- 0 ! 6810 1] m`/6510 6516 352i 6708 r i a 6620 - ttf TE - 0 1 RECOMMENDATION: Following the public hearing, defer any decision concerning the proposed vacation pending the reservation of a sewer easement and confirmation of the City's authority, if any, to vacate the right-of-way. STAFF CONTACT: Marina Sukup, AICP, Community Development Director jMi1ey Public Hearing STREET VACATION STV-03-04 Chris Linc Properties LLC.,2320 North Atlantic Street, Spokane WA 99205 Background Chris Linc Properties L.L.C., 2320 North Atlantic Street,Spokane WA 99205 Remainder of David Road 1111 i1t Background Spokane County Utilities has advised that a sewer easement will be required Spokane County has cautioned that jurisdiction of the right-of-way may remain with WSDOT—this has not yet been verified 1 RECOMMENDATION Defer a recommendation pending resolution of the requirement for a sewer easement and verification of jurisdiction 2 CITY OF SPOKANE VALLEY Request for Planning Commission Action Meeting Date: August 26, 2004 City Manager Sign-off: Item: Check all that apply: ❑consent 0 old business ® new business A. public hearing 0 information 0 admin. report ® pending legislation AGENDA ITEM TITLE: Public Hearing—Street Vacation Request STV-04-04 for a 20 foot alley on Lewis Road located east of 1st Avenue between Assessor's Parcel Nos. 45192.0101 and 45192.0102. PREVIOUS COUNCIL ACTION TAKEN: City Council adoption of Ordinance No. 04-001 (Street Vacations) in January 2004. On July 27th, 2004 by Resolution 04-023 City Council set August 26th, 2004 as the date for a public hearing on the proposal. BACKGROUND: McCollum Ford Sales, Inc., P.O. Box 13309, 8200 E. Sprague Avenue, Spokane Valley, WA 99213, the owner of Parcels No. 45192.0101 and 45192.0102 requests the abandonment of a twenty foot alley located between the two parcels. Property to the east is fully developed. (See attached). The alley is unimproved but appears to have power lines in place Modern Electric has been contacted. The City has no objection to vacation of the alley, but power easements may need to be reserved. - 1 i' i 21. L a 1 ,I 1 s32s I�' 8023 81j17 \ 0 ' y-- SQcsgUe --_ w M - i tb 0 1 r 8200 = 8022 5104 5112 5122 t , - — - S — ,� _ . I 1 i ' - li _ - _.„I , .-. - -, — . s -,-I 1 " , =� -, -� -- _ 6 _ 1,-71 =-831613 w ; 1 I 1 H -, .4• ':-'103- „ 7- i _ - '1-11041' :TT. 0 . 1 , a i 1• —1,204 0 *€° _ 0 �" RECOMMENDATION: Following the public hearing, approval of the vacation subject to reserving necessary private utility easements. STAFF CONTACT: Marina Sukup, AICP, Community Development Director Spokane .Malley° Public Hearing STREET VACATION STV-04-04 Background o McCollum Ford Sales, Inc., dba Gus Johnson Ford, P.O. Box 13309,8200 E.Sprague Avenue,Spokane Valley,WA 99213 Proposed right-of-way vacation: 20 foot alley located between Parcels No.45192.0101 and 45192.0102 _ t pus • - i, l ttpp D Background The alley is not required for transportation or public utilities Modern Electric has been contacted concerning the need for reservation of an easement in the event the City approved the vacation 1 RECOMMENDATION Approval subject to reservation of any easement required by the private utility 7771 77. 1 'L4 . Allgr 4 ..®4 m a®® ltray! , 2 Message Page 1 of 2 Marina Sukup From: Birr, Richard [BirrDJ@wsdot.wa.gov] Sent: Friday, August 20, 2004 2:01 PM To: Marina Sukup Subject: RE: David Street Vacation Marina, Thanks for sending the attachment showing the area in question. According to our RW plan sheets, it appears that WSDOT did own some of the property in question, but I am not sure how much, or even if we still own it. I have asked folks in our Region and in the Olympia office to take a look and confirm one way or another. I may also have to get a copy of the County's RW plan sheet for the Appleway crossover in this location and try to tie it to our plan sheets. If we own all or a portion of the property, we will require a written request to purchase before we can begin the disposal process. Any disposal will require a complete review by the various departments in both our Region and at HQ in Olympia, and this is generally a 3 -6 month process. If it is determined that the property can be disposed, it will be appraised and the appraised value will be the basis of further negotiations. If there is more than one party interested in the property, the disposal will generally be tie to an auction. As I get further information, I will keep in touch. Please feel free to contact me if there are further questions or concerns. Thanks, R.J. Birr 509-324-6276(fax: 509-324-6291) Washington State Dept of Transportation Property Mgmt, Local Programs, Developer Services Supervisor 2714 N Mayfair St Spokane, WA 99027 birrdj@wsdot.wa.gov Original Message From: Marina Sukup [mailto:msukup@spokanevalley.org] Sent: Friday, August 20, 2004 10:02 AM To: birrdj@wsdot.wa.gov Subject: David Street Vacation Mr. Birr: Thanks for your help on this! Marina M. Sukup, AICP, CFM Director of Community Development/Planning City of Spokane Valley 11707 Sprague Avenue, Ste. 106 Spokane Valley, WA 99206 8/20/2004 CITY OF SPOKANE VALLEY Request for Commission Action Meeting Date: August 20, 2004 Item: Check all that apply: ❑ consent ❑ old business ❑ new business ❑ public hearing ® information ❑ admin. report ❑ pending legislation AGENDA ITEM TITLE: Draft Land Use Chapter—Spokane Valley Comprehensive Plan GOVERNING LEGISLATION: 36.70A- RCW PREVIOUS COUNCIL ACTION TAKEN: None. BACKGROUND: The City of Spokane Valley is preparing a Comprehensive Plan consistent with the requirements of the Growth Management Act (GMA). GMA requires seven elements including land use, transportation, housing, utilities, capital facilities, economic development and parks and recreation be included in the Plan. The Land Use chapter serves as a cornerstone of the city's comprehensive plan. The attached draft provides the framework and the beginnings of a policy discussion related to the community's land use. The draft includes three land use alternatives for the purposes of discussion and to evaluate as part of the environmental impact statement. The land use alternatives include Modified Existing Conditions (no action), Urban Activity Centers, and City Center Emphasis. These alternatives are described generally in the text. However, a map graphically depicting the alternative is not included at this time. OPTIONS: N/A RECOMMENDED ACTION OR MOTION: Review and comment. BUDGET/FINANCIAL IMPACTS: N/A STAFF CONTACTS: Greg McCormick, AICP— Planning Division Manager Scott Kuhta, AICP—Senior Planner ATTACHMENTS Draft Land Use Chapter Spokane = tallez Sane 2025 2.9) rr!PORI fair Spstkirre2 Community Development Department Land Use Chapter • Element required by the GMA • GMA states: "...a lack of common goals expressing the public's interest in conservation and the wise use of our lands pose a threat to the environment, sustainable economic development, and the health, safety and high quality of life enjoyed by residents of this state." GMA Statewide Planning Goals o Planning goal#1 —Urban growth. Encourage development in urban areas where adequate public facilities and services exist or can be provided in an efficient manner. o Planning goal#2. —Reduce Sprawl. Reduce the inappropriate conversion of undeveloped land into sprawling, low density development. 1 GMA Land Use Element Requirements • Designate the proposed general distribution and location and extent of the uses of land...; o Population densities,building intensities,and estimates of future population growth; Provide for protection of the quality and quantity of ground water use for public water supplies; Review drainage,flooding,and stormwater runoff in the area and nearby jurisdictions and provide guidance for corrective actions to mitigate or cleanse those discharges that pollute water of the state. Land Use — CWPP's • Policy Topic 1 —Urban Growth Areas • Policy Topic 2—Joint Planning within UGA's • Policy Topic 3—Promotion of Contiguous and Orderly Development and Provision or Urban Services o Policy Topic 4—Parks and Open Space • Policy Topic 5—Transportation ° Policy Topic 6—Siting of Capital Facilities of a Countywide or Statewide Nature • Policy Topic 7—Affordable Housing Land Use Alternatives • Modified Existing Conditions(no action) 10- Based on existing zoning • Urban Activity Centers 10- Based on existing Interim Plan • City Center Emphasis 10- Community alternative 2 Modified Existing Conditions Alternative - Characteristics • Based on existing zoning • Preserves existing single family areas o Higher Density residential transition between commercial/single family o Commercial strips remain along major arterials • "Auto Row" Overlay • Create"Professional/Medical Office" designation Modified Existing Conditions - Urban Activity Centers Alternative -Characteristics • Based on Interim Comp Plan o Mixed use centers at U-City, Fairgrounds and Mirabeau Point • Commercial areas concentrated at major intersections(i.e. Sprague&Pines) Medical offices/services area o "Auto Row"Overlay • Community/Neighborhood Centers Professional Office Designation • Higher density residential located near services and transportation facilities 3 Urban Activity Centers „ City Center Emphasis Alternative - Characteristics • Based on community input from survey&community meetings • Focused City Center:University City area • Create grid street system within city center • Commercial areas concentrated at major intersections (i.e.Sprague&Pines) • Corridors between commercial nodes become mixed use Including residential,office,light industrial Medical offices/services area in Valley General area • "Auto Row”Overlay • Community/Neighborhood Centers • Professional Office Designation • Higher density residential located near services and transportation facilities City Center Emahasis • , I. �` 'yrJ ..�. 4 Existing U-City Area 47,,, „_t-f44,-*,,:, ..w..ov. ;4V ' t''.,"It,...•Y-4:,V 1: ....140400:- ''''-' ,4, --.' ,-- -7• - -- F ' . .., -. -- • A, City Center Concept _-- _ -. :-.4r tz- ....,......, 36.1 __. ......- ' --" 7-7.. ''''',,,,,:---.4.(r, -•-• •Isz----' 4 ...-...:- --,_70.4. ---;,->".,,),01..;i .,AsAITO• '"-4.1, Grid Street System Concept 141 I ,........ r F ' -. ......e•—,a.,.....,—,— • A*01.1111111 ,...., mom = ' I a —••• 5 TOD City Center Concept Plan umu roy� 5 SYRz-,� ..wc.... - f o ,-,-,-.:-_,-;„..4:.::;..x.,,„,,,,..),,, . €t . 1 t 1 Spokan jValley Questions? Spokane Valley - 2025 A 20 Year Plan for Spokane Valley 6 CHAPTER 2 - LAND USE 2.0 Introduction The Spokane Valley City Council and Planning Commission held a series of joint workshops in the Spring of 2004. The objective of these joint workshops was to draft a Vision Statement for Spokane Valley to form the basis of the Comprehensive Plan. The resulting draft Vision Statement is as follows: Spokane Valley: "A community of opportunity where individuals and families can grow and play and businesses will flourish and prosper." The Land Use chapter serves as the foundation of the Spokane Valley Comprehensive Plan (SVCP) by providing a framework for Spokane Valley's future physical development and by setting forth policy direction for Spokane Valley's current and future land uses. Development of land, according to adopted policies and land use designations discussed in this chapter, should result in an appropriate balance of services, employment, and housing. The land use policies are supplemented by a Comprehensive Plan Map that provides a visual illustration of the proposed physical distribution and location of various land uses. This map allocates a supply of land for such uses as retail, office, services, employment, parks, open space, and housing to meet future demand. 2.1 Planning Context State and county land use policies provide a statutory framework for the development of City land use policies. It is important to briefly review state and county level policies to better understand historical conditions that have shaped the goals and policies in this chapter. 2.1.1 Growth Management Act The Growth Management Act (GMA) acknowledges that, "...a lack of common goals expressing the public's interest in conservation and the wise use of our lands pose a threat to the environment, sustainable economic development, and the health, safety and high quality of life enjoyed by residents of this state". The GMA provides a framework for content and adoption of local comprehensive plans. The GMA provides 14 goals to be, "...used exclusively for the purpose of guiding development of comprehensive plans and development regulations." The GMA goals pertaining to land use includes: • Urban Growth—Encourage development in urban areas where adequate public facilities and services exist or can be provided in an efficient manner. • Reduce Sprawl— Reduce the inappropriate conversion of undeveloped land into sprawling, low density development. RCW 36.70A.01 0 SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 1 CHAPTER 2—LAND USE • Housing— Encourage the availability of affordable housing to all economic segments of the population of the state, promote a variety of residential densities and housing types, and encourage preservation of existing housing stock. • Open Space and Recreation— Encourage the retention of open space and development of recreational opportunities, conserve fish and wildlife habitat, increase access to natural resource lands and water, and develop parks. • Environment— Protect the environment and enhance the state's high quality of life, including air and water quality and the availability of water. • Public Facilities and Services—Ensure that those public facilities and services necessary to support development shall be adequate to serve the development at the time the development is available for occupancy and use without decreasing current service levels below locally established minimum standards. • Historic Preservation— Identify and encourage the preservation of lands, sites, and structures that have historical or archaeological significance. • Property Rights—Private property shall not be taken for public use without just compensation having been made. The property rights of landowners shall be protected from arbitrary and discriminatory actions pursuant to state and federal law. The GMA requires land use elements include the following: • Designate the proposed general distribution and location and extent of the uses of land for housing, commerce, industry, recreation, open spaces, public utilities, public facilities, and other appropriate land uses; • Population densities, building intensities, and estimates of future population growth; • Provide for protection of the quality and quantity of ground water use for public water supplies; • Review drainage, flooding, and stormwater runoff in the area and nearby jurisdictions and provide guidance for corrective actions to mitigate or cleanse those discharges that pollute water of the state. 2.1.2 County Wide Planning Policies The County Wide Planning Policies (CWPP's) required by GMA 2 provide a regional framework to achieve the goals of the GMA. The CWPP's are a refinement of policy direction contained in the GMA and are a result of a collaborative process between Spokane County and the cities and towns within the County. The CWPP's provide a policy framework for both the county and its respective cities. Adherence to these policies ensures that plans within the county are consistent with one another. These policies address such issues as the designation of urban growth areas, land use, affordable housing, provision of urban services for future development, transportation, and contiguous and orderly development. The following are specific CWPP's that relate to the Land Use Element: Policy Topic 1 -Urban Growth Areas 2 RCW 36.70A.210 SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 2 CHAPTER 2—LAND USE Policies 1. Urban Growth Areas (UGA's) are areas within which urban growth shall be encouraged and outside of which growth can occur only if it is not urban in nature. Urban Growth Areas (UGA's) shall include areas and densities sufficient to permit the urban growth that is projected to occur in the county for the succeeding 20-year period3. "Urban growth" refers to growth that makes intensive use of land for the location of buildings, structures and impermeable surfaces to such a degree as to be incompatible with the primary use of such land for the production of food, other agricultural products or fiber, or the extraction of mineral resources4. Urban growth should be located first in areas already characterized by urban growth that have existing public facility and service capacities to serve such development and second in areas already characterized by urban growth that will be served by a combination of both existing public facilities and services and any additional needed public facilities and services that are provided by either public or private sources. Further, it is appropriate that urban government services be provided by cities, and urban government services should not be provided in rural areas5. Urban Growth Areas (UGA's) include all lands within existing cities, including cities in rural areas. Urban Growth Areas may be established independent of incorporated areas. Within these independent Urban Growth Areas (UGA's), urban governmental services may be provided by other than cities. 9. Within Urban Growth Areas (UGA's), lands that fall within planned high-capacity transportation corridors should be designated for sufficient intensity of land use to support the economic provision of multimodal transportation. 11. Where applicable, comprehensive plans should contain land use policies which provide protection for the continued viability of Fairchild Air Force Base, Spokane International Airport, Felts Field, Deer Park Airport and other publicly owned airports within Spokane County. 12. Jurisdictions should work together to develop and implement regionally consistent incentive based programs such as Transfer of Development Rights (TDR) to protect natural resource lands outside of Urban Growth Areas (UGA's) and to protect critical areas and open space within Urban Growth Areas (UGA's). Policy Topic 2 -Joint Planning within UGA's Policies 1. The joint planning process should: 3 RCW 36.70A.110 4 RCW 36.70A.030(17) 5 RCW 36.70A.110(3) SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 3 CHAPTER 2—LAND USE a. Include all jurisdictions adjacent to the Urban Growth Area and Special Purpose Districts that will be affected by the eventual transference of governmental services; b. Recognize that Urban Growth Areas are potential annexation areas for cities; c. Ensure a smooth transition of services amongst existing municipalities and emerging communities; d. Ensure the ability to expand urban governmental services and avoid land use barriers to expansion; and e. Resolve issues regarding how zoning, subdivision and other land use approvals in designated joint planning areas will be coordinated. 2. Joint planning may be accomplished pursuant to an interlocal agreement entered into between and/or among jurisdictions and/or special purpose districts. Policy Topic 3—Promotion of Contiguous and Orderly Development and Provision of Urban Services Policies 5. All jurisdictions shall coordinate plans that classify, designate and protect natural resource lands and critical areas. 7. Each jurisdiction's comprehensive plan shall include, at a minimum, the following policies to address adequate fire protection. a. Limit growth to areas served by a fire protection district or within the corporate limits of a city providing its own fire department. b. Commercial and residential subdivisions and developments and residential planned unit developments shall include the provision for road access adequate for residents, fire department or district ingress/egress and water supply for fire protection. c. Development in forested areas must provide defensible space between structure and adjacent fuels and require that fire-rated roofing materials be used. 10. Each jurisdiction shall include provisions in its comprehensive plan for equitable distribution of essential public facilities. 13. Each jurisdiction shall plan for growth within UGA's which uses land efficiently, adds certainty to capital facilities planning and allows timely and coordinated extension of urban governmental services, public facilities and utilities for new development. Each jurisdiction shall identify intermediate growth areas (6-to 10-year increments)within its UGA or establish policies which direct growth consistent with land use and capital facility plans. Policy Topic 4—Parks and Open Space Policies 2. All jurisdictions should cooperate to identify and protect regional open space lands, natural areas and corridors of environmental, recreational and aesthetic significance to form a functionally and physically connected system which balances SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 4 CHAPTER 2—LAND USE passive and active recreational uses. Each jurisdiction shall identify open space corridors within and between urban growth areas. All jurisdictions shall identify implementation, management, preservation and conservation strategies, through both regulatory and non-regulatory techniques, to protect identified lands and corridors, to sustain their open space benefits and functions. Implementation and management strategies should include collaboration and coordination with land trusts and other land preservation organizations. 3. Each jurisdiction shall require the development of parks and open space as a means to balance the impacts associated with higher-density development. 5. Each jurisdiction shall make appropriate provisions for parks and recreation areas. Policy Topic 5 -Transportation Policies 5. Local jurisdictions shall develop and adopt land use plans that have been coordinated through the Spokane Regional Transportation Council (SRTC)to ensure that they preserve and enhance the regional transportation system. These plans may include high-capacity transportation corridors and shall fulfill air quality conformity and financial requirements of Federal Transportation Laws and Regulations, the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 and the GMA. 6. Local jurisdictions shall designate within land use plans areas that can support public transportation services. These areas shall include existing as well as new development. Each jurisdiction's land use plan, the regional transportation plan and the Spokane Transit Authority's (STA) Long Range Transit Plan shall support, complement and be consistent with each other. 11. Each jurisdiction shall address land use designations and site design requirements that are supportive of and compatible with public transportation, for example: a. pedestrian-scale neighborhoods and activity centers; b. mixed-use development; and c. pedestrian-friendly and nonmotorized design. Policy Topic 6—Siting of Capital Facilities of a Countywide or Statewide Nature Policies 3. Each jurisdiction should identify in its comprehensive plan protective measures to prevent incompatible land uses from encroaching upon essential public facilities. 4. Each jurisdiction's comprehensive plan shall identify those specific local facilities that are essential public facilities consistent with the Spokane County Regional Siting Process for Essential Public Facilities. The comprehensive plan shall also identify public funding priorities for these facilities to better recognize the significance of each facility's service(s) and its relationship to the local area's growth and development. SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 5 CHAPTER 2—LAND USE Policy Topic 7—Affordable Housing Policies 2. Each jurisdiction's development policies, regulations and standards should provide for the opportunity to create affordable housing in its community, such policies may include regulatory tools, such as inclusionary zoning, performance/impact zoning, mixed-use development and incentives for increasing density to promote greater choice and affordable housing in its community. 6. In conjunction with other policy topics, coordinate housing, transportation and economic development strategies to ensure that sufficient land and densities for affordable housing are provided in locations readily accessible to employment centers. 2.2 Land Use Alternatives Spokane Valley's existing land use pattern (the physical location of uses) exists as a result of development administered by Spokane County until incorporation of Spokane Valley on March 31, 2003 and to a far lesser extent the subsequent development under Spokane Valley's jurisdiction. As shown in Map).Cl(Generalized Existing Land Use) and Figure LU-1 (Existing Land Use by General Category), as of July 1, 2004, percent of Spokane Valley's gross land area was developed as single-family development, XX percent as multiple-family development, and XX percent for office, retail, and manufacturing uses. Adoption of the SVCP is not anticipated to substantially modify the residential/non-residential land use patterns. Land Use Industrial 23.7%— i—Mining 1.7% i Commercial 7.9%—\\4 11� Lav Density ,ItResidential 60.9% FBgh Density Residential 5.4% / Medium Density Residential 0.3% Figure LU-1: Land Use by General Category For the purposes of evaluation, three land use alternatives or scenarios were developed for evaluation in the comprehensive planning process. These alternatives are described in detail in the following sections. 2.2.1 Land Use Scenario 1 -City Center Emphasis SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 6 CHAPTER 2—LAND USE This scenario presents concepts and strategies for creating a definable and vibrant"City Center"for the City of Spokane Valley. The purposes of creating a Spokane Valley City Center are: 1. Create an identifiable downtown that is the social and economic focus of the City; 2. Strengthen the City overall by providing for long-term growth in employment and housing; 3. Promote housing opportunities close to employment and services; 4. Develop land use patterns that support the development of a more extensive regional transportation system, whatever the ultimate configuration may be; 5. Reduce dependency on automobiles; 6. Consume less land with urban development; 7. Maximize the public investment in infrastructure and services; 8. Provide a central gathering place for the community; and 9. Improve the quality of design for development throughout the City. There are several reasons why a definable, vital City Center is an important part of Spokane Valley's future. These include: 1. The development of a more intensive, multi-use city center is a natural step in Spokane Valley's evolution. Most new urban areas start out as bedroom communities. Retail and commercial uses then develop to serve the new residential population. Office and industrial activities next begin to locate a key transportation crossroads; adding jobs and strengthening the employment base. Spokane Valley has experienced all of these evolutionary phases, with the exception of one. The final step in this process is achieving a sufficient critical mass in the defined City Center area to produce lively street activity; support specialty business, cultural/entertainment facilities;justify the public investment for parks and open space, amenities and improvements in the transportation system. 2. Economic Development—Spokane Valley has an opportunity to transform itself from an essentially residential and retail based economy to a sub-regional economic center with an expanded, more diverse employment base. 3. Community Support—A survey of Spokane Valley area citizens prior to incorporation overwhelmingly indicated that the lack of identifiable "downtown" and a community gathering place was of concern to a majority of respondents. Community support was tested again when the city conducted a statistically valid survey in the Spring of 2004. A discussion of the results of the city's survey is included in Section 2.11. The following would be components of the City Center: 1. Location: generally located in the area adjacent to the intersection of University Road and Sprague Avenue. 2. The city center would be between 200 and 300 acres in size including both the city center core and city center frame. 3. Streets: New streets would be added at every 200—400 feet to create an internal grid street system to provide an urban atmosphere. 4. On-street parking would be provided on internal grid streets. 5. Ground floor retail on both sides of streets. SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 7 CHAPTER 2—LAND USE 6. Building out to the edge of right-of-way and include wide sidewalks to encourage a lively street scene. 7. Office/Employment uses provided in high visibility locations with adequate parking and adjacent to pleasant surroundings such as open space, retail shops and services. 8. Multi family housing that is safe and secure. Located so that it is buffered from traffic noise and provides a pedestrian friendly streetscape with connections to parks, schools, shopping, services and transit. 9. Civic/public uses such as city hall, community library, performing arts center or other public uses that would attract people to downtown over an extended portion of the day. Other characteristics of this land use scenario include the following: 1. Neighborhood/community retail centers-current land use patterns dictate that residents travel to the Sprague Avenue to access some of the most basic goods and services. This scenario would provide for smaller scale, less intensive retail/commercial centers in the south end and northeast portions of the city. Potential locations for these centers would be focused at intersections of arterials at the periphery of the city, such as Pines Road/32nd Avenue, Dishman MicaRoad/Bowdish Road and Barker Road/Boone Avenue. 2. Office zoning districts-currently, there is no specific zoning district or comprehensive plan designation for professional office uses. The county has used the UR-22, Multi-family zoning district as its office district, which has resulted in a number of issues related to rezones and appropriate development standards. Areas that are currently developed in predominately office uses would be redesignated to an "Office" comprehensive plan designation and zoning district with development standards to implement the policies of the comprehensive plan. Specific areas in the city include the Evergreen corridor north of Sprague Avenue; Mission east of Pines Road in the medical office area; near the intersection of Pines Road and Broadway; and other areas identified through the land use inventory process. 3. "Auto-Row" district-The city has several new auto dealerships located along Sprague Avenue. The majority of these dealerships are located between Argonne Road and Thierman Road. Two dealerships are located just west of Dartmouth Road, near the U-City Mall. New car dealerships provide the city with substantial sales tax revenue on one hand, on the other hand auto dealerships can have a significant visual impact on a community and have somewhat unique needs related to development standards such as signage and street frontage landscaping. This scenario recognizes these circumstances and designates the areas identified above appropriately and provides policy direction for the implementing development regulations. 4. Mixed Use-this scenario suggests reducing the commercial "strip", also known as Sprague Avenue by maintaining Regional Commercial zoning only at major intersections such as University, Pines, and Evergreen. Areas in between these commercial "nodes"would be designated as mixed use, which would encourage conversion of these dilapidated commercial areas into areas of office/employment, residential and specialty retail. 5. Industrial areas would not be significantly changed or altered under this or any other scenario. Permitted uses and development standards would be reviewed for appropriateness and changes proposed based on policy direction of the comprehensive plan. SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 8 CHAPTER 2-LAND USE 6. The majority of land in the City of Spokane Valley is dedicated to single family residential zoning and land use. The majority of the single family residential areas are zoned UR-3.5 under the interim comprehensive plan. This zoning requires a minimum lot size of 10,000 square feet. Under this scenario, the existing single family residential zoning districts would be evaluated and a series of single family districts with minimum lot sizes ranging from 5,000 to 9,600 square feet would be considered. Reducing overall lot sizes would enable the city to maintain its existing single family character and minimize land needed for multi-family zoning to accommodate the city's 20 year population growth projection. 7. Areas previously platted in 1+/- acre lots—There are areas, such as Rotchford Acres and parts of the Ponderosa area, which were platted as approximately one acre lots. These areas under the current interim comprehensive plan are zoned UR-7. Areas such as these would be rezoned to an R-1 zoning designation with the intent to preserve the original intent of the zoning for these areas. Moreover, these areas would be allowed to maintain a small number of livestock such as horses in keeping with the rural character of these neighborhoods. 2.2.2 Land Use Scenario 2—Urban Activity Centers This scenario is generally based on the Focused Growth Land Use alternative that was developed as part of the Spokane County Comprehensive Plan process. This scenario would focus mixed use and higher-density developed in selected "centers" and "corridors". The centers are delineated according to size and function. The largest of these are called urban activity centers. They are dependent on community investment in a public transit system. The proposed urban activity centers include the University City and Mirabeau Point and are dependent on a strong public transit and pedestrian design element. This scenario however, does not include a focused "city center"component as did Scenario 1. On a smaller scale, community centers provide a general mix of land uses and increased transportation choices. These centers can provide a mix of employment, commercial uses and higher-density residential uses. Community centers are designed to serve several residential neighborhoods. Neighborhood centers are the smallest proposed centers. Their mixed use potential would be limited to individual neighborhood needs and design preferences. The intent of the neighborhood centers would be to provide basic goods and services closer to the large residential neighborhoods. In addition to mixed use centers, another land use category that could provide housing and employment densities to support frequent transit service is a mixed use corridor. These corridors would be located along major transportation routes, such as Sprague Avenue, Argonne/Mullan Roads and Sullivan Road, which are currently largely devoted to major commercial uses. The focus in these areas would change from auto-dependent regional commercial to community, neighborhood and higher-density residential. Mixed use centers and corridors are the central land use concepts in the focused "Urban Activity Centers" scenario, however, would apply only to specific, identified areas. The areas where these concepts would apply are limited when looking at the City of Spokane Valley as a whole. The centers-and-corridors option relies on performance and criteria- based policies to ensure compatibility between uses, whereas a more traditional land use option relies on separation of land uses based on the type and intensity of the use. SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 9 CHAPTER 2—LAND USE To be successful, mixed use centers and corridors would rely on detailed design standards that provide for a suitable built environment for this land use concept. As in Scenario 1, this scenario would designate an "Auto-Row" area specifically designed to address the needs and issues of new auto dealerships. Moreover, this scenario would examine the single family residential zoning in the city and develop alternative single family zoning districts based on minimum lot sizes ranging from 1 acre in an R-1 district to as small as 5,000 square feet in an R-3 or R-4 district. The R-1 designation would be limited to areas that were platted as 1 acre neighborhoods. Additionally, this scenario would include areas be redesignated to an Office designation under the plan and zoned appropriately. The Office designation would recognize areas developed in office uses that were zoned as UR-22 under the County's plan and development regulations due to a lack of an Office plan designation or zoning district. 2.2.3 Land Use Scenario 3—Modified Existing Conditions This scenario utilizes the existing conditions in terms of zoning its basis and proposes modifications to address specific issues that have been previously identified. The main feature of this scenario is that the existing commercial strip along Sprague Avenue is left intact. Other commercial areas such as the strips along Pines Road, Argonne and Mullan, and Sullivan Road would also be maintained much as they exist today. Minimum changes would be made to policies in order to comply with the requirements of the Growth Management Act and County-wide Planning Policies. This scenario would include provisions for urban services and facilities, to be provided "concurrently"with approvals for new urban development. Land use categories for residential, commercial and industrial land use would be divided into specific density ranges and usage categories. Also, commercial land uses would be separated out based on size and scale. The largest commercial category is Regional Commercial, followed by the Community Commercial category, then the Neighborhood Commercial category. Industrial land uses would be split by intensity of use into Heavy Industrial and Light Industrial. The locations of these new land use categories would be based on existing land use, zoning patterns, service and facilities capacities and plans and environmental factors. This scenario would have some elements contained in Scenarios 1 and 2 including the following: 1. Create a comprehensive plan designation and policies for an "Auto Row" area of the city. Areas previously identified would be the focus of this designation. This would not include"used"automobile lots. 2. Create an Office plan designation and policies for areas of the city developed as professional office but zoned UR-22 under Spokane Valley's interim zoning regulations. Rezone areas consistent with this comprehensive plan action. 3. Evaluate the single family residential zoning districts. Create an R-1 zoning district for areas of the city that were platted previously under Spokane County into 1 acre +1- lots. R-1 would only be used for existing 1 acre neighborhoods and not to create new 1 acre subdivisions. Modified single family districts based on minimum lot sizes from 9,600 to 5,000 square feet would be developed to accommodate a wider range of single family densities in the city. SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 1 0 CHAPTER 2—LAND USE 2.3 Relationship to Other Comprehensive Plan Chapters The land use concept set forth in this chapter is consistent with all SVCP chapters. Internal consistency among the chapters of the SVCP translates into coordinated growth and an efficient use of limited resources. Below is a brief discussion of how the Land Use chapter relates to the other chapters of the SVCP. 2.3.1 Economic Development Spokane Valley's economy is disproportionately divided. A report prepared by Dr. Grant Forsyth based on the 2000 Census information for the Spokane Valley area, there were nearly 3,000 employer firms employing approximately 43,305 people with an average annual payroll per employee of approximately $29,000 in 2000 dollars. Dependence on retail trade and service occupations stems primarily from the City's evolution into a regional shopping destination for eastern and southern Spokane County and counties in northern Idaho. Increased regional competition from other retail areas, such as Post Falls and Coeur d'Alene and the City of Spokane, may impact the City's ability to capture future retail dollars. To improve Spokane Valley's economic outlook, the economic development strategy is to promote a more diverse economy. A diversified economy would achieve a better balance between jobs and housing and support the City's desired quality of life. In conjunction with the Economic Development chapter, this Land Use chapter promotes the following: 1. A City Center composed of mid-rise office buildings, mixed-use retail, and housing. 2. Redevelopment and development of the Sprague Avenue/Appleway Boulevard corridor into an area of quality commercial and mixed use development. 3. Establishment of design standards for non-single family areas. 4. Preservation of existing single family neighborhoods. The land use map designations support development necessary to achieve the above (see the Comprehensive Plan Designations Map XX). A complete discussion of economic development is set forth in the Economic Development chapter. 2.3.2 Capital Facilities Capital facilities provided by the City include: transportation and streets, parks and open space, and surface water management. The amount and availability of urban services and infrastructure influences the location and pace of future growth. The City is responsible for the construction and maintenance of parks and recreation facilities, streets and transportation improvements, and surface water facilities. Providing for future growth while maintaining existing improvements depends upon the community's willingness to pay for the construction and financing of new facilities and the maintenance of existing facilities. SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 11 CHAPTER 2—LAND USE As outlined in the Capital Facilities Plan, new infrastructure and services may be financed by voter-approved bonds, impact fees, grants, designated capital taxes (real estate excise tax, fuel tax, utility tax), and money from the City's general fund. To capitalize on the City's available resources for urban services and infrastructure,this Land Use chapter recognizes that concentrating growth is far more cost effective than allowing continued urban sprawl. Concentrating growth also supports the enhancement of future transit improvements. Water Availability- Potable water is provided to residents of Spokane Valley by thirteen water and irrigation districts. All drinking water used by residents in Spokane Valley is drawn from the Spokane Valley/Rathdrum Prairie Aquifer. Water Quality- Maintaining a clean source of water is vital to the health and livability of the City. Preserving water quality ensures a clean source of drinking water; and, continued health of the City's streams and lakes. Maintaining water quality is also important for maintaining the health of the aquifer that relies on surface water for recharge. Contamination of an aquifer by contaminated surface water can lead to serious health concerns and/or expensive treatment requirements. To address this concern and impacts of new development, the City has adopted a Stormwater Management Plan. The plan specifies actions to ensure water quality including the development of detention/retention facilities to control rate and quality of water runoff. Furthermore, development of a wellhead protection program with the various water providers should provide guidelines to avoid possible contamination. Policies contained in the Natural Environment chapter provide direction for development near wellheads and in aquifer recharge areas. For a complete discussion of water resources and water purveyors in the City of Spokane Valley, refer to the Capital Facilities chapter. 2.3.3 Parks and Open Space One of the most important and valued elements of a high quality living and working environment is a parks and open space system. Providing parks and open spaces contributes to a reduction in environmental impacts such as noise and air pollution; increases the value of adjacent properties; provides areas for passive and active recreation; and helps preserve the natural beauty of the City. 2.3.4 Natural Environment Spokane Valley's natural beauty is apparent. Streams, wetlands, surrounding mountains and the Spokane River provide a scenic backdrop as well as a source for active and passive recreation for the citizens of Spokane Valley. The Land Use chapter seeks to protect Spokane Valley's unique natural resources through policies that support the preservation of these areas for future generations. The Natural Environment chapter also includes a discussion of critical areas as defined by GMA. For a complete discussion, please refer to the Natural Environment chapter. 2.3.5 Housing SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 12 CHAPTER 2-LAND USE Housing is a basic human need and a major factor in the quality of life for individuals and families. An adequate supply of affordable, attractive, and functional housing is fundamental to achieving a sense of community. The central issue related to land use is supplying enough land to accommodate projected growth for a range of incomes and households. Presently, housing is provided primarily in single-family subdivisions. This plan sets forth strategies to increase housing options and choices. The Land Use chapter advocates changes to current development codes to increase flexibility in platting land and encourage housing as part of mixed-use developments in commercial areas. The latter provides an opportunity to locate housing closer to employment and shopping, and to create affordable housing. A complete discussion of housing can be found in the Housing chapter. 2.4 Projected Growth & Development Capacity 2.4.1 Projected Growth In October 2003, the City of Spokane Valley received a 2000 population certification from the U.S. Census Bureau that indicated 80,927 people called Spokane Valley home on April 1, 2000. As of April 1, 2003 the population had grown to 82,005 (based on the Washington State Office of Financial Management[OFM] population estimates). Upon incorporation on March 31, 2003, the City of Spokane Valley became the state's ninth largest city and second largest in Spokane County. Spokane Valley received an OFM population estimate for April 1, 2004 of 83,950. This new population estimate moved Spokane Valley from the state's ninth largest city to the state's eighth largest city. The 2004 population estimate reflects an annual increase of 3.6 percent over the city's 2003 population estimate. CITY OF SPOKANE VALLEY POPULATION ESTIMATES 150,000 — — 140,000 130,000 120,000 - 110,000 100,000 90,000 80,000 '- .C.Dq9��2��Des7leb Q07 0'2�°A�°'C)07 QG02�o Population:Actual/Estimate —Population Estinnte:1.5%Growth Rate —Population Estimate:2.5%Growth Rate Figure LU-2: 20 Year Population Estimates SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 13 CHAPTER 2–LAND USE Future population growth has been forecasted by OFM. This future population growth was distributed between jurisdictions and unincorporated Spokane County through a methodology prepared by the Spokane County Steering Committee of Elected Officials. The City of Spokane Valley was not allocated population growth originally because the City had not been incorporated when this action took place. However, the County did allocate population to the"Spokane Valley IUGA", which includes the new cities of Spokane Valley and Liberty Lake. This process resulted in a population allocation of 39,431 to the Spokane Valley IUGA. The Spokane Valley IUGA includes both the City of Spokane Valley and Liberty Lake. This IUGA also includes areas within the UGA that are still in unincorporated Spokane County. The graph in Figure 2-1 estimates Spokane Valley's 20 year population using a 1.5% and 2.5% annual growth rate. Using the 1.5% annual growth rate, which is consistent with past estimated growth rates in the Spokane Valley area, the estimated 2025 population of Spokane Valley is 114,765 or an increase of 30,815 persons. The 2.5% annual growth rate results in a 2025 population of 141,011, an increase of 57,061. Spokane Valley proposed a population allocation of 30,389 to the Steering Committee based on the regional land capacity methodology to the Steering Committee. This population request is consistent with anticipated growth rates based on the limited historical data available. 2.4.2 Land Capacity Analysis The GMA does not require a Population and Land Capacity Element to the Comprehensive Plan. However, GMA does require that Land Use, Housing and Capital Facilities Elements include population densities, building intensities and estimates of future population growth. The GMA also requires a Land Capacity Analysis, or the theoretical holding capacity of the designated Urban Growth Areas, which by definition include cities. By assigning the expected population growth to the results of the Land Capacity Analysis, the area required to accommodate the population growth is shaped. Countywide population forecasts are identified by the CWPPs, as one criterion for consideration in developing a regional methodology or countywide population allocation. The countywide growth target is based on the OFM growth management population forecast for Spokane County. The Land Quantity Analysis Methodology for Spokane County was developed through the efforts of the Land Quantity Technical Committee between March 1995 and October 1995. The Growth Management Steering Committee of Elected Officials adopted that methodology on November 3, 1995. The adopted methodology is patterned after the Washington State Department of Community, Trade and Economic Development's (CTED) land quantity inventory guidebook entitled Issues in Designating Urban Growth Areas Part I-Providing Adequate Urban Area Land Supply. Use of that document was specified by the adopted Countywide Planning Policies(Policy Topic 1 (Urban Growth Areas Policy#3). However, the step-by-step CTED process was modified somewhat by the Land Quantity Technical Committee to reflect unique circumstances in Spokane County. SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 14 CHAPTER 2—LAND USE The following steps of the regional methodology were followed by Spokane Valley in conducting the land capacity analysis. 1. Identify lands that are potential candidates to accommodate future growth - vacant, partially-used and under-utilized land(in other words, subtract all parcels committed to other uses). 2. Subtract all parcels that the community defines as not developable because of physical limitation. 3. Subtract lands that will be needed for other public purposes. 4. Subtract all parcels that the community determines are not suitable for development for social and economic reasons. 5. Subtract that percentage of land that the community assumes will not be available for development within the community plan's 20-year time frame. 6. Build in a safety factor. 7. Determine total capacity. Spokane Valley prepared a land capacity analysis of the city and surrounding UGA's based on the above regional methodology. The original analysis included the Alcott Joint Planning Area, which has been deleted from the information below. The Alcott JPA was eliminated because it has been identified as a JPA for the City of Spokane. The results of this analysis were presented to the Steering Committee of Elected Officials on June 24 and July 29, 2004 for purposes of requesting a population allocation for planning purposes. Map XX indicates vacant or partially used lands. The results of the land capacity analysis are contained in the table below: Table LU-1 Spokane Valley Land Capacity Analysis (July 2004) Vacant and Net Potential New Population Area Partially Developable Dwelling Units Capacity Used Land Acres Spokane Valley 3,710 1,478 8,408 20,666 (Incorporated Area) Northeast 43 8 32 80 Northwood 862 356 1,496 3,739 East 584 151 1,554 3,269 Southeast 310 146 585 1,463 South 757 18 73 184 Ponderosa 40 0 0 0 SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 15 CHAPTER 2—LAND USE Edgecliff/Dishman 161 9 35 88 TOTAL 6,467 2,166 12,183 29,489 While the City of Spokane Valley requested a total population allocation of 30,389 from the Steering Committee, Spokane Valley recommended that both Spokane Valley and the City of Liberty Lake receive an interim population allocation that could be accommodated within the existing city limits of each city. The rationale for this recommendation was based on the situation regarding sanitary sewer throughout the entire Spokane region. It is estimated the Spokane County treatment plant will run out of capacity in 2009 and the Liberty Lake Water& Sewer District treatment capability is currently at or near capacity. Necessary permits to expand capacity at either facility are not forth coming from the Washington State Department of Ecology or the federal Environmental Protection Agency. Given the potential constraint for both jurisdictions to provide this vital urban service, the Steering Committee forwarded a recommendation to the Spokane County Board of County Commissioners to allocate only the population that could be accommodated within existing city limits until such time the sanitary sewer issues are resolved. 2.5 Land Use Designations The land use designations in the SVCP recognize the relationships between broad patterns of land uses. The designations set forth locational criteria for each specific class of uses consistent with the long-term objectives of the SVCP. These designations provide the purpose and intent for specific zoning districts. The location of comprehensive plan land use designations are shown on the Comprehensive Plan Designations Map (Map XX). 2.5.1 Single Family Residential The demand for and development of single-family housing is expected to continue for the foreseeable future. Single-family development will occur as in-fill development of vacant lots scattered throughout existing neighborhoods and as subdivisions on vacant tracts of land. To address future housing needs, the Land Use chapter encourages new techniques for developing single-family subdivisions. Such techniques include clustering, planned unit developments, lot size averaging, zero lot line development, accessory dwelling units and special needs housing. Single Family Residential—Low Density The Single Family Low Density designation retains larger urban lots for two reasons. First, preserve single family neighborhoods that were specifically platted into 1 +/-acre lots in the past; and two, avoid development pressure on or near environmentally sensitive areas and to retain areas that have unique area-wide circumstance. There are two notable locations of areas that were platted into approximately 1 acre lots: Ponderosa, located in the southwest portion of the City; and Rotchford Acres located in the eastern portion of the City. SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 16 CHAPTER 2—LAND USE Single Family Residential—Medium Density The Single Family Medium Density designation creates urban lots with a density range of three to six dwelling units per acre and is the predominant residential designation in the City. Lot sizes of between 10,000 and 7,200 square feet provide for a transition in density between land designated as Single Family High Density Residential and Single Family Low Density Residential. Some areas designated as Single Family Medium Density Residential still lack urban services and infrastructure, mainly sanitary sewer facilities. Upon provision of urban services, such as water and sewer, an increase in density may be warranted. Single Family Residential— High Density Lot sizes of approximately 5,000, and 6,500 square feet and when combined with the previous single family designations will provide a range of housing density opportunities. Single Family- High Density residential designations are located within close and convenient proximity to neighborhood business centers, areas of existing or future employment, transit, and existing urban infrastructure and services. These areas may also provide a transition from non-residential areas to the medium and low density residential areas. Future Single Family- High Density development should have convenient access to collector/arterial streets and regional transportation facilities. 2.5.2 Multi-Family Residential The multiple-family residential land use designation represents an opportunity to provide a range of housing types to accommodate anticipated residential growth. The increase in population, decline in average family size, and increased cost of single-family homes have created heavy demand for new housing types. The Land Use chapter encourages the development of housing types, such as duplexes, townhouses, and condominiums in existing multi-family areas and within mixed-use development in commercial areas. Multi-family uses in large part are in areas currently zoned for multiple-family development. Designations of MF-12 and MF-22, corresponding to densities of 12 and 22 dwelling units per acre respectively, will continue to be used. Opportunities for new development will occur through redevelopment and build-out of remaining parcels. Multi-family residential zones should be used as a transitional zoning between higher intensity land uses such as commercial and office to lower density single family neighborhoods. Additionally, MF-12 and MF-22 designated areas should be located near services and high capacity transit facilities or transit routes. Residential design guidelines that address design and appearance of multiple-family developments should be considered. The primary goal of residential design guidelines is to develop multiple-family housing that is reflective of the community's character and appearance. 2.5.3 Commercial Designations Existing commercial areas are auto-oriented and characterized by one-story low intensity development. In the future, these areas will become more intensively developed and pedestrian oriented, and in some designations, accommodate housing. SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 17 CHAPTER 2—LAND USE Transforming existing areas into places where people want to live, shop, and work requires changes. Commercial areas should contain street furniture, trees, pedestrian shelters, well marked crosswalks, and buildings oriented to and along the street to provide interest and allow easy pedestrian access. City Center The intent of establishing the City Center is to create a higher density, mixed-use designation where office, retail, government uses, and residential uses are concentrated. The City Center will also be located at one of the major hubs of the region's high capacity transit(HCT) system. Regional Commercial The Regional Commercial designation encompasses two major retail areas of the City. It covers the"strip" retail areas along Sprague Avenue and the large "big box" retail area found in the Sullivan Road area from Sprague Avenue north to the Interstate 90 interchange and includes the Valley Mall, Fred Meyer, Wal-Mart and others. Regional Commercial allows a large range of uses and is the City's largest commercial zoning designation in terms of land area. A wide range of development types, appearance, ages, function, and scale can be found along Sprague Avenue. Older, single-story developments provide excellent opportunities for redevelopment. To create retail areas that are aesthetically and functionally attractive, revised development standards, applied through Regional Commercial zoning and adoption of Community Design Guidelines, which address design quality, mixed-use, and the integration of auto, pedestrian, and transit circulation. Site design, modulation, and setback requirements are also addressed. Community Commercial The community commercial classification designates areas for retail, service and office establishments intended to serve several neighborhoods. Community Commercial areas should not be larger than 15-17 acres in size and should be located as business clusters rather than arterial strip commercial development. Community Commercial centers may be designated through the adoption of the comprehensive plan, comprehensive plan amendments or through sub-area planning. Residences in conjunction with business and/or multifamily developments may be allowed with performance standards that ensure compatibility. Neighborhood Commercial The neighborhood commercial classification designates areas for small-scale neighborhood serving retail and office uses. Neighborhood business areas should not be larger than 2 acres in size and should be located as business clusters rather than arterial strip commercial development. Neighborhood business centers may be designated through the adoption of the comprehensive plan, comprehensive plan amendments or through neighborhood plans. SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 18 CHAPTER 2—LAND USE 1 ' 1 I •• T „ _ _ f-t � I I__ ~•.= , r I s It�" j (' •y_ _ Tm iMih,n,N H 1 1 „n, it- liNerlal �� _ ® ' ._ 1111111E , i ii MI rte . ►• 'a! _ j, _ .-.lum sinswi • ,1 _ � „ 1111 d i , S r .., ,• C - ____..._... i7 I \ - het- �_. _ _.. if ! rjc.._ r��stAk::. - . 7_______"---\________I ( ..____.. o -aFro:-arra oµ7:. ivCity of Spokane Valloy Avallablo Land Study 1 o , Department of Community Development,City of Spokane Valley T ............�..,.....,.z-.......4-...ter... Innln ,mnil+.nnvnnn1,-tAg Nbronn�vkn.rzm vn wmg<,a..b T°"'""'"'"%=°,1,1,°=.7,4%=°11&:'"*""'-''° L� k SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN CHAPTER 2-LAND USE 19 Auto Mall Overlay The City of Spokane Valley is home to several major new automobile dealerships. While these land uses provide a positive economic impact on the community, they can also have less positive impacts on the aesthetics of the community. Auto dealerships typically have vast areas of pavement to store new and used vehicles for sale. These land uses also have unique requirements for landscaping and signage. Unlike many commercial uses whose stock in trade is contained within a building, it is necessary for auto dealerships to have their vehicles clearly visible from the street. This makes traditional street side landscaping (consisting of low growing shrubs and bushes and trees) not viable for these uses. An overlay designation is being used rather than a zoning district due to the location of these uses and the mix of other uses within those areas. By using an overlay and leaving the underlying zoning in place, the negative affect on the non-auto dealer uses in the area will be minimized or eliminated. 2.5.4 Office Designations Spokane Valley has areas of quality office development. Several developments within the Argonne/Mullan Couplet, Pines Road, and Evergreen Road corridors embody good design and are representative of desired future office development. Together, office and garden office development will provide new job opportunities within the community. Garden Office The Garden Office designation is intended to allow for well designed, small-scale office development that is compatible with adjacent residential neighborhoods. Professional Office The Professional Office designation emphasizes high quality office development that allows for a mix of office and compatible manufacturing type activities. This classification also permits a limited amount of retail support services. These types of developments are characterized by large contiguous sites containing landscaping, open space, and buildings of superior quality. Office Technology The Office Technology designation emphasizes high quality office development that allows for a mix of office and compatible manufacturing type activities. This classification also permits retail support services, along with the mix of office and light manufacturing uses. This category may serve as a transitional designation between major commercial nodes in areas such as the Sprague Avenue corridor. 2.5.5 Mixed Use Corridors Mixed-use corridors are intended to enhance travel options, encourage development of locally serving commercial uses, medium-density apartments and offices along transportation corridors identified on the Land Use Plan Map. Mixed-use corridors SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 20 CHAPTER 2—LAND USE discourage low-intensity, auto-dependent uses and focus on a pedestrian orientation with an emphasis on aesthetics and design. 2.5.6 Industrial Designations Providing for industrial land is important for the economic health of Spokane Valley. Industrial businesses help drive the local economy and create an economic multiplier effect throughout the region. Providing an adequate supply of usable land with minimal environmental constraints and infrastructure in place helps ensure that Spokane Valley will be an attractive place for industrial businesses to locate and prosper. (See Chapter 7, Economic Development, for additional policies that encourage recruitment and retention of industrial business.) Industrial—Heavy Industry Heavy industry is characterized by intense industrial activities which include, but are not limited to, manufacturing, processing, fabrication, assembly/disassembly, freight- handling and similar operations. Heavy industry may have significant noise, odor or aesthetic impacts to surrounding areas. Commercial, residential and most recreational uses should not be allowed in areas designated for heavy industry, except for small-scale ancillary uses serving the industrial area. The conversion of designated industrial lands to other uses should be strictly limited. Limiting incompatible uses ensures a competitive advantage in business recruitment by providing adequate industrial land supply, reducing land use conflicts and preventing inflation of land prices. Industrial—Light Industry The Light Industry designation is a planned industrial area with special emphasis and attention given to aesthetics, landscaping and internal and community compatibility. Uses may include high technology and other low-impact industries. Light Industry areas may incorporate office and commercial uses as ancillary uses within an overall plan for the industrial area. Non-industrial uses should be limited and in the majority of cases be associated with permitted industrial uses. The Light Industry category may serve as a transitional category between heavy industrial areas and other less intensive land use categories. The category may also serve as a visual buffer for heavy industrial areas adjacent to aesthetic corridors. 2.5.7 Community Facilities The Community Facilities designation is intended to protect and preserve areas of the City devoted to civic, cultural, educational, and similar facilities. These facilities provide for the social needs of the community as those needs relate to public services, open space and institutions whether they are publicly or privately sponsored or operated. Moreover,this designation provides for and protects parks, open space, and other natural physical assets of the community. Uses in these areas may include those identified as "Essential Public Facilities". For an in depth discussion of Essential Public Facilities, please refer to Chapter 4, Capital Facilities. SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 21 CHAPTER 2—LAND USE 2.6 Development Review Process The Land Use chapter provides the policy foundation for implementing zoning and development regulations. In developing policy concerning future land use regulations, or revisions to existing regulations, every effort has been made to instill certainty and efficiency in the development process. State legislation has focused on developing streamlined and timely permit processing. Through the following implementation strategies,the City continues to strive to provide an efficient and timely review system. 2.7 Urban Design and Form In addition to guiding development, the Land Use chapter also guides the quality and character of the City's future development pattern through goals and policies related to the form, function, and appearance of the built environment. These priorities and implementation strategies, related to quality development, serve and will continue to serve as a basis from which to develop appropriate implementation measures. The design of our urban environment has a significant effect on community identity. Well designed communities contribute to a healthful, safe and sustainable environment that offers a variety of opportunities for housing and employment. An attractive and well planned community is invaluable when recruiting new business and industry to an area. Some of the concepts considered include: • Community appearance, including signs and placement of utilities; • Neighborhood considerations in the review of development projects; • Integration of neighborhoods including bicycle and pedestrian facilities; • The effect of traffic patterns and parking on neighborhood character; • Encouragement of high quality development through the appropriate use of planned unit developments; and • Consideration for public art. 2.7.1 Aesthetic Corridors Aesthetic corridors are intended to protect the visual appeal of Spokane Valley along Major transportation routes entering and exiting the city. Aesthetic corridors provide special design standards for aesthetics along major transportation routes to help create a quality image of Spokane Valley. Another component of aesthetic corridors is the"gateways" into the city. There are several entrances into the City of Spokane Valley along major transportation corridors including Sprague Avenue, Trent Avenue, State Route 27 and a number of interchanges on Interstate 90. 2.7.2 Planned Unit Developments Building flexibility into the subdivision process is important to allow for new concepts and creative site design. Planned unit developments provide the city a tool for allowing flexibility while ensuring a design meets overall health and safety standards and is consistent with neighborhood character. Planned unit developments allow for deviations SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 22 CHAPTER 2—LAND USE from the typical zoning standards in exchange for designs that protect the environment, provide usable open space and exhibit exceptional quality and design. 2.8 Historical and Cultural Resources 2.8.1 Background In many ways, Spokane Valley's historic and cultural resources are similar to our rich natural resources. Like wetlands, rivers, lakes, streams and other natural resources, historic properties are a finite and endangered resource. Also like our natural resources, once an historic or archaeological property is destroyed, it is lost forever. Cultural resources such as historic buildings, monuments of historic events and archaeological sites are statements of Spokane Valley's identity. People especially value our authentic, homegrown cultural resources that set us apart from other areas of the state. The area which is now Spokane County shows evidence of habitation reaching back at least 13,000 years. If there was evidence of prior habitation, it is likely that the great floods of Lake Missoula erased it. Within the Spokane County area there were as many as six groups, which now compose three main tribes, including the Spokane tribe, the Couer d'Alenes and the Kalispels. Each of these groups harvested the abundant vegetation, hunted game stock and traded with each other. Salmon and other anadromous fish were very important to those that fished in the Spokane Falls area. The past 100 years have brought drastic changes to the tribes of the Spokane area. However, the tribes continue to be an integral part of the land into which their ancestors were born. Many of the place names that are now the names of cities and towns in the area were important places and names to the tribes. The territorial legislature created Spokane County in 1858. The county included all of Washington east of the Cascade Mountains, as well as northern Idaho and western Montana: about 75,000 square miles in total. In 1867 the county name was changed to Stevens, Washington Territory. The new settlers to the area wanted to build farms and homes. Steven Liberty brought his family to live by the lake that is now named after him. William Newman settled in 1865 near the lake now called Newman Lake. William Spangle ran a post office and stage station in the town of Spangle and Joseph Moran settled south of Spokane Valley and farmed on what is now called Moran Prairie. In 1879 Spokane County was organized out of part of Stevens County, with a temporary county seat at Spokane Falls. An election for county seat was held in November 1880. Cheney won by only a few votes. The settlers in Spokane Falls protested and asked for a recount, refusing to give the county records to Cheney. About five months after the county seat election, men from Cheney stole the county records from the courthouse through a door left unlocked by the county auditor. Cheney kept the county seat until the election of 1886, when it was moved back to Spokane. By the early Twentieth Century, Spokane County was the rapidly growing center of the Inland Northwest, an area that encompassed the mining district of northern Idaho and southern British Columbia as well as the rich timber and farmlands of eastern Washington. By 1903, the region was served by several transcontinental rail lines and SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 23 CHAPTER 2—LAND USE was the hub of a growing system of electric interurban lines managed by the Spokane and Inland Empire Railroad System Company. Spokane Valley is the location of several "Firsts"to occur in the Spokane Region. The first permanent settler in the Spokane area was Antoine Plante, a retired French- Canadian trapper. Plante built a cabin near the Spokane River in 1849, from which he operated a small Hudson's Bay Company trading post. Plante also constructed and operated the first ferry on the Spokane River. Other settlers began arriving in this area between 1865 and 1882. "Firsts"to occur in Spokane Valley include the first settler in 1849, first business and ferry in 1850, the first store and bridge in 1862,the first house in 1866 and the first post office in 1867. All of these "firsts" occurred before the arrival in 1873 of James Glover who was considered the"Father of Spokane". A large part of Spokane Valley's identity is derived from its heritage. From the Native Americans who first established trading centers to the continuing waves of newcomers from around the world, all have left their mark. Cultural Resources are those buildings, structures, sites or associations left behind by a group of people and are generally over 50 years old. Cultural Resources consist of three types of properties. Cultural Resources include historic structures and landscapes engineered and built by man. a) Historic buildings- houses, barns, commercial buildings, churches, schools. b) Historic structures-bridges, dams, stone fences. c) Historic districts-a grouping of buildings with related historic character. d) Historic objects-statues, monuments, sculpture. e) Landscapes—gardens, parks, urban and rural. Cultural Resources include properties that were held in spiritual or ceremonial honor or by a cultural group or tribe. Cultural Resources include properties which may no longer show evidence of man-made structures, but retain an historical association with an event or period. Archaeology sites includes such areas as battlefields, campsites, cemeteries, burial sites, rock carvings, pictographs, trails, village sites, fishing sites, trading sites, religious and ceremonial sites. 2.8.2 Cultural and Historical Resource Issues ..j Documenting Cultural Resources • Many historic homes, farms and sites exemplify the history and culture of the Spokane Valley area, but proportionally few have been written up in historic • register nominations. Designation requires ownerr. s consent, does not pose undue restrictions to the Y a, ..:k'.. ' • • owner and can be a planningtool for '' r"� _� ter' property '��'�:= Nem government by identifying significant properties. Archaeological Sites and Security . State laws require the protection of archaeological sites on both public and private land by directing that the locations of sites be kept confidential within the - SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 24 CHAPTER 2—LAND USE assigned office because archaeological sites are highly susceptible to"treasure hunters and grave robbers". Existing lists need to be checked to confirm that evidence of the site/building remains and a better means to identify and preserve evidence of significant archaeological sites is needed. Cultural Resources are deemed important when they are over 50 years old, so identification and evaluation of them is a constant, ongoing process. Moreover, cultural resources are perceived as less important than other immediate, short-term City programs; therefore, funding and support for the preservation program is provided on an annual rather than an ongoing basis. 2.8.3 Spokane Valley Historic and Cultural Resources The Spokane Valley developed as irrigated agricultural tracts in five and ten acre lots. The apple orchards of Otis Orchards were supported by warehouses, packing plants, and box manufacturers. The apple industry which thrived in the early century was destroyed by killing frost of the 1950s. Newman Lake supplied the water that irrigated these orchards via the Spokane Canal Company. The flow control gate at Newman Lake (a great fishing spot) remains as a ruin with its story only in fading memory. Open canal ditches, concrete =JI flues, cultivated fields and apple orchards were part of growing up in the valley until the late 1950s. A canal ran behind Otis o ,R. `' M Orchards High School, neither of which now exists. The picture on the right shows an _ ' _. I Otis Orchards irrigation canal. 3 + ,- The Opportunity Township Hall .r (shown below)was designed by Opportunity resident and noted Spokane architect C. Harvey Smith and constructed in 1912 by Opportunity builder and businessman C. E. Johnson. Built as Opportunity's government seat, the Opportunity Township Hall also served as the area's community hall and a meeting place for various philanthropic and other organizations including the Opportunity Moose Lodge, Boy Scouts, Girl Scouts, church groups, dance studios, and wedding parties. The Opportunity Township Hall is significant as a rare local example of Spanish- Mediterranean style architecture and for its association with the early settlement and development of the Spokane Valley and the town of Opportunity. 2.9 Essential Public Facilities The City of Spokane Valley is required to plan for essential public facilities (EPFs) pursuant to GMA. Spokane County adopted through the CWPP's the "Growth Management Essential Public Facilities Technical Committee Report" in 1996, which set forth a model project review process for the siting of EPFs. All jurisdictions within the county are required to provide a mechanism in the Comprehensive Plan to utilize the model project review process either verbatim or as a model. SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 25 CHAPTER 2—LAND USE More recently, the Washington State Legislature passed two laws addressing siting of EPFs. In June 2001 the state enacted ESSB 6151, and in March 2002 the state enacted ESSB 6594. These laws require counties and cities fully planning under GMA to include a process in their Comprehensive Plans to provide for the siting of Secure Community Transition Facilities (SCTFs). In response to these new state laws, planning staff from all jurisdictions in Spokane County formed a task force to cooperatively develop a regional siting process for all essential public facilities, including SCTFs. The Essential Public Facilities Task Force, with assistance from the Washington State Office of Community Development (OCD), the Department of Social and Health Services (DSHS), and technical staff from the jurisdictions developed a regional siting process for essential public facilities titled Spokane County Regional Siting Process for Essential Public Facilities. Table 2-X below indicates EPFs that are either wholly or some portion of located within the City. Table LU-2 Inventory of Essential Public Facilities Significance Category Name Address Statewide Regional Transportation Interstate 90 N/A Facilities Statewide Regional Transportation Centennial Trail N/A Facilities Regional Regional Transportation Pence-Cole Valley 414 University Road Facilities Park & Ride and Transit/Transfer Center Regional Regional Transportation Pines Road/I 90 Park& E. Montgomery, Facilities Ride Pines Road & 190 Regional Regional Transportation STA Maintenance— 123 S. Bowdish Facilities Bowdish (Fleck Service Center) Regional Regional Transportation SR-27 (Pines Road) N/A Facilities Regional Regional Transportation SR-290 (Trent Avenue) N/A Facilities Regional Solid Waste, Valley Recycling- 3941 N. Sullivan Wastewater&Water Transfer Road Facilities Regional Social Service Facilities Valley Hospital & 12606 E. Mission Medical Center The regional process provides for a review process with a location analysis. Public involvement takes place throughout the process with public comment periods as well as public hearings. The review process requires the applicant for an EPF to assume responsibility for the bulk of the analysis and processing of the proposal. The analysis includes two parts. First, an analysis of functional criteria of all potential sites is conducted to select the highest-ranking ten (10) semi-finalist sites. Second, these ten SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 26 CHAPTER 2—LAND USE semi-finalist sites are analyzed using more qualitative criteria and resulting in selection of at least three (3) preferred sites. Both analyses include public comment periods. Next, the Board of County Commissioners (BoCC) conducts a public hearing on the Preferred Site List to allow for further public comment, identify strategies to address any issues associated with particular sites, and rank the finalist sites. The BoCC ranking is advisory to but not binding on the applicant. Last, the applicant, after selecting a specific site, will work directly with a local jurisdiction and its regulatory requirements to permit construction and operation of the EPF. The regional siting process is based on a coordinated interjurisdictional approach, which in combination with consistent development regulations among the jurisdictions will implement the requirement of equitable distribution of EPS of a statewide or regional/countywide nature. 2.10 The Land Use/Transportation Connection 2.10.1 Street Connectivity •_ Street design can have a Com c 1 9 Ccle s P` °Ece significant impact on Cc=raeacial �, , Co,-.-Ci31 f ``"P community character. Closed . =�.=i` l 0e,2 Cr Ian` 7 v development patterns, which obe4I Il] Di 1- 1 often include dead-end and 1��oY���D �' cul-de-sac streets, tend to isolate neighborhoods and make travel difficult. Integrated neighborhoods provide Phis `ot Mrs connected streets and paths Clear.formaLed and interccnnec:ed street-s s:ens sale destina:ona tsfole, pre::de the stones:and most three:pati:c desnnanons and result n security llrotTli and often include a central contn:l ,-rather than b_•,tsolaticn. focal point, such as a park or neighborhood business. Integrated development patterns promote a sense of community and allow for ease of pedestrian/bicycle movement. The illustration on the previous page contrasts an integrated, as compared to a closed, development pattern. Integration does not necessarily mean development in grids. Rather, roads should connect and provide for ease of circulation regardless of the layout. 2.10.2 Traffic Calming Traffic calming can be defined as measures that physically alter the operational characteristics of the roadway in an attempt to slow down traffic and reduce the negative effects of the automobile. The theory behind traffic calming is that roads should be multiuse spaces encouraging social links within a community and the harmonious interaction of various modes of travel (i.e., walking, cycling, auto, transit). SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 27 CHAPTER 2—LAND USE The following priorities and implementation strategies make the land use/transportation connection: 2.11 Citizen Participation The City of Spokane Valley adopted a Public Participation Program for the preparation of the comprehensive plan. This program identified actions the city would take to meet the GMA requirements of"early and continuous" public participation in the development of the city's plan. Two of the public participation techniques identified in Public Participation Program is a citizen survey and a series of public meetings hosted by the city's planning commission. In the Spring of 2004, the city hired Clearwater Research to conduct a statistically valid survey of Spokane Valley residents on a number of issues. Clearwater Research conducted a telephone survey with a random sample of 400 Spokane Valley adults. Survey data was collected from March 18 to April 7, 2004. The majority of respondents (83%) indicated they thought Spokane Valley was headed in the right direction. However, respondents did identify a number of important issues facing Spokane Valley. Concerns about the economy and planning related matters were among the top issues respondents identified as facing the City. Figure LU-3: Importance of Having a City Center 2.11.1 City Center/Community Identity 100% City Center. Sixty-one percent El n=395 of respondents indicated that 80% having a recognizable downtown or city center was 60% important to the future of 35% Spokane Valley. Female 40% 26% respondents, respondents at17% 2000 13% 9% lower income levels, and respondents residing in one or 0% two person households were I most likely to report that having Very Somewhat Neutral Somewhat Very a recognizable downtown was unimportant unimportant important important important to the future of Spokane Valley. There was strong support among respondents for spending public money to create a city center. Seventy-four percent of respondents either somewhat or strongly supported Spokane Valley officials using public money to develop a city center. Only 2% strongly opposed the use of public money to create a city center. Over half of respondents (52%) felt the University City area would be the most ideal Spokane Valley location for a city center. Figures 1, 2, and 3 below indicate the results of these survey questions. SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 28 CHAPTER 2—LAND USE Figure LU-4: Support/Opposition to Spending Public Money to Create a City Center 100% ■n=241 80% 60°/o 44% 40% 31% 20% 0 2/ 0% Strongly Somewhat Neutral Somewhat Strongly oppose oppose support support Figure LU-5: Most Ideal Location for Spokane Valley City Center I Other 5% ■n=233 Everygreen and Sprague 12% Pines and Sprague 15% Mirabeau Point 18% University City area 52% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Community Identity. Only 26% of respondents thought Spokane Valley had a distinct identity or something that made it unique. Interestingly, almost the same percentage of respondents who said Spokane Valley does not have a community identity(74%) indicated that having a community identity was important to the future of Spokane Valley (76%). While many respondents (47%)felt community identity could be developed through social changes, other believed physical changes (28%) or a combination of both physical and social changes(25%)were the best means for accomplishing the development of community identity. SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 29 CHAPTER 2—LAND USE Figure LU-6: Importance of Spokane Valley Having Community Identity 100% 0 n=396 80% 60% 41% 35% 40% 111 20% 7% 10% % — 0% I -- Very Somewhat Neutral Somewhat Very unimportant unimportant important important Figure LU-7: Development of Community Identity Best Accomplished Through Physical or Social Changes 100% ❑n=289 80% 60% 47% 40% o 25% 20% — 0% Physical changes Social changes Both important 2.11.2 Community Aesthetics The typical pattern of development along the major streets of Spokane Valley did not appear to be of great concern to respondents. Just 22% expressed dissatisfaction with the current type of development along major streets. Further underscoring the general lack of concern about the typical pattern of development along major streets, only 23% of respondents indicated adding street trees and landscaping to major streets should be a high priority for City officials. Interestingly, lower income respondents were much more apt than higher income respondents to report that making streets pedestrian-friendly should be a high priority for City officials. SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 30 CHAPTER 2—LAND USE Figure LU-8: Priority Level: Adding Street Trees and Landscaping to Major Streets 100% n=400 80% 60% 41% 36% 40% 23% 20% Asa -: 0% Low priority Medium priority High priority Opinions regarding the priority City officials should place on stronger sign and billboard controls were very mixed. However, 67% of respondents indicated that Spokane Valley officials should place a medium or high priority on stronger sign and billboard control and as such, it is probable that the majority of residents would be supportive of stronger billboard control regulations. Respondents' opinions regarding the development of small commercials centers close to residential neighborhoods were also sharply divided. Just under half of respondents (46%)were supportive of developing small commercial centers close to residential neighborhoods. Figure LU-9: Priority Level: Making Major Streets Friendly for Pedestrians and Bicyclists 100% 0 n=399 80% 60% 34°/° 44% 40% — 22% 20% - - - 0% Low priority Medium priority High priority SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 31 CHAPTER 2—LAND USE Figure LU-10: Priority Level: Stronger Controls on Signs and Billboards in Spokane Valley 100% D n=398 80% 60% 33% 34% 33% 40% 20% 0% Low priority Medium priority High priority 2.11.3 Results of"Unscientific" Survey During the community meeting held on the comprehensive plan, city staff made available the survey questions contained in the city's community survey. Meeting attendees were asked to complete the survey and either return it before the end of the meeting or to complete the survey at home and mail it to the city. In many cases the responses to the questions were similar to the responses of the formal survey conducted by Clearwater Research. The following are the results of the"unscientific" survey: Question 14: How important to the future of Spokane Valley is having an area of the City that is recognized as the "downtown"? Would you say.... Very unimportant 33 Somew hat unimportant _7 Neither important nor unimportant 35 Somew hat important 57 Very important 45 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 The responses to this question are very similar to those received during the formal community survey. The results above reflect that out of the total responses of 177 on SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 32 CHAPTER 2—LAND USE this issue, 102 or nearly 58 percent felt that Spokane Valley having an identifiable downtown or city center was either somewhat important or very important. This is compared to 40 responses or 22% indicating that an identifiable city center was either somewhat or very unimportant. Question 15: If you feel a developing a "downtown" is important,which of the following areas of Spokane Valley would be the most ideal location for a downtown? 4% 10% 4% 73% University City area o Mrabeau Point area a Fines&Sprague o Evergreen&Sprague e Other(see list below) Those respondents that indicated that having an identifiable city center overwhelming (73%) felt that the University City area was the most appropriate location for establishing a city center for Spokane Valley. Question 17: In your opinion, does Spokane Valley have an identity or something that makes it unique? 81 - 80 80 79 - 78 77 76 75 75 74 73 72 No Yes The result of this survey question is somewhat different from the results of the formal community survey. In the formal survey only 26% of the respondents felt that the City of Spokane Valley has an identity or something that makes it unique. The results in the graph above indicate that a majority of those surveyed at the community meetings(52%) felt there was something unique about Spokane Valley. SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 33 CHAPTER 2—LAND USE Question 18: How important to the future of Spokane Valley is having a "community identity? Would you say... Very unimportant -16 Somew hat unimportant -8 Neither important nor unimportant -22 Somew hat important 57 Very important 67 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 When asked how important to the future of Spokane Valley is having a distinct community identity an overwhelming majority of the respondents (73%)felt it is either somewhat important or very important that Spokane Valley have a distinct identity. This is consistent with the results of the formal community survey where 76% of respondents felt it is important for the city to have a community identity. Question 19: Would development of a "community identity" best be accomplished through physical changes, such as the development of a city center or the building of gateways at the major points of entry into the city, or through social changes, such as more community events like Valleyfest? 100 90 - 86 80 - 70 - 60 - 50 - 42 40 - 30 - 22 20 - 10 - 0 Physical Changes Social Changes Both Changes Equally Important When asked what types of changes would be needed to develop a community identity a majority (57%) felt that both social and physical changes would be necessary to accomplish developing an identity for the city. This is somewhat different than the formal SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 34 CHAPTER 2—LAND USE survey where only 26% of the respondents felt that both physical and social changes were equally important to develop the city's identity. Question 25: Do you consider adding street trees and landscaping to major streets in Spokane Valley a high, medium, or low priority for city officials. 80 70 68 68 60 50 - 40 - 30 30 20 10 0 . Low Priority Medium Priority Figh Priority In terms of community aesthetics a majority of the respondents (59%) felt that adding street trees and landscaping to the major streets in the city should be either a medium or high priority for city officials. This result was identical to the result of the city's formal community survey where 59% of respondents felt this should be either a medium or high priority for the city. 2.12 Priorities and Strategies SINGLE FAMILY RESIDENTIAL Priorities LUP-1 Preserve and protect Spokane Valley's residential neighborhoods while providing a wide range of housing densities and types in the residentially designated areas. Implementation Strategies LUI-1 Maintain and protect the character of existing and future single-family neighborhoods through strict enforcement of the City's land use regulations. LUI-2 Protect residential areas from impacts of adjacent non-residential uses. LUI-3 Revise existing land use regulations to provide for innovation and flexibility in the design of new single-family developments and in-fill. SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 35 CHAPTER 2—LAND USE LUI-4 Encourage the development of transportation routes and facilities to serve single family neighborhoods. Special attention should be given to pedestrian circulation. LUI-5 Encourage the development of parks and the dedication of open space in and adjacent to residential areas to preserve the natural setting of Spokane Valley. LUI-6 Consider special development techniques (e.g., zero lot lines, lot size averaging, and planned unit developments) in single-family areas, provided they result in residential development consistent with the quality and character of existing neighborhoods. LUI-7 Preserve site characteristics that enhance residential development(trees, watercourses, vistas, and similar features) using site planning techniques such as clustering, planned unit developments, and lot size averaging. MULTI FAMILY RESIDENTIAL Priorities LUP-2 Provide a wide range of housing types and densities commensurate with the community's needs and preferences. Implementation Strategies LUI-8 Allow and encourage a variety of multiple-family housing types in designated commercial areas, especially in the City Center area. LUI-9 Use design and performance standards for multiple-family developments to achieve integration in commercial developments. Performance standards should focus on scale, appearance, and compatibility. LUI-10 The City should support multiple-family development with appropriate transportation and capital facilities improvements. LUI-11 Multiple-family residential development should be designed to provide privacy and common open space. Variations in facades and rooflines should be used to add character and interest to multiple-family developments. LUI-12 Encourage the establishment of street patterns and amenities that encourage walking, bicycling, and transit use. COMMERCIAL Priorities LUP-3 Transform Community Business areas into vital, attractive, mixed- use areas that appeal to pedestrians and motorists and enhance the community's image. SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 36 CHAPTER 2-LAND USE Implementation Strategies LUI-13 Encourage transformation of Sprague Avenue Regional/Community Commercial corridor into a quality mixed-use retail area. Retail development along the corridor, exclusive of the City Center, should be concentrated at major intersections and designed to integrate auto, pedestrian, and transit circulation. Integration of public amenities and open space into retail and office development should also be encouraged. LUI-14 Encourage auto-oriented large bulk retailers to locate in the designated Regional Commercial nodes around major intersections. Priority LUP-4 Provide neighborhood and community scale retail centers for the City's neighborhoods. Implementation Strategies LUI-15 Integrate retail developments into surrounding neighborhoods through attention to quality design and function. LUI-16 Encourage pedestrian and bicycle access to neighborhood shopping and services. LUI-17 Encourage neighborhood retail and personal services to locate at appropriate locations where local economic demand and design solutions demonstrate compatibility with the neighborhood. LUI-18 Retail and personal services should be encouraged to group together within planned centers to allow for ease of pedestrian movement. LUI-19 Neighborhood Commercial centers should consist of neighborhood scale retail and personal services. LUI-20 Encourage mixed residential and commercial development in Neighborhood Commercial designations where compatibility with nearby uses can be demonstrated. LUI-21 Neighborhood Business areas should be served by transit. LUI-22 Provide for a mix of commercial and residential uses in commercial areas. LUI-23 Use Community Design Guidelines to promote common open space, public art, and plazas in commercial and office developments. LUI-24 Ensure compatibility between mixed-use developments and residential areas by regulating height, scale, setbacks, and buffers. SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 37 CHAPTER 2—LAND USE LUI-25 Develop Community Design Guidelines that encourage quality design and pedestrian and vehicle circulation in commercial, office and mixed use developments. LUI-26 Use Community Design Guidelines to encourage commercial development to locate along the street edge(where deemed appropriate)to provide pedestrian street access. Provide pedestrian access between developments and to transit stations. LUI-27 Identify and designate streets where on-street parking can be safely provided without unduly slowing traffic flow or jeopardizing traffic safety. LUI-28 Provide incentives to encourage developers to include housing in commercial and mixed-use projects. Priorities LUP-5 Identify appropriate locations for the Auto Mall Overlay designation. Implementation Strategies LUI-29 Identify other appropriate automobile related uses within the Auto Mall Overlay designation that are complementary to new automobile dealerships. LUI-30 Implement appropriate development standards for permitted uses within the Auto Mall Overlay designated area. LUI-31 Develop appropriate signage standards for uses permitted within the Auto Mall Overlay designated area. OFFICE Priorities LUP-6 Implement appropriate development standards for Office designated areas. Implementation Strategies LUI-32 Commercial, residential and recreational uses shall be allowed to encourage mixed-use development in Office areas. LUI-33 Office areas may be appropriate in mixed use developments of residential, commercial and light industrial, provided there is adequate mitigation of land use conflicts and community character and property values are preserved. LUI-34 Office areas shall include sidewalks, bike lanes and landscaping to provide a safe and attractive working environment. INDUSTRIAL SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 38 CHAPTER 2—LAND USE Priorities LUP-7 Provide for the development of well-planned industrial areas and ensure the long-term holding of appropriate land in parcel sizes adequate to allow for future development as industrial uses. Implementation Strategies LUI-35 Program capital facility expenditures to facilitate the development of lands designated for industrial uses. LUI-36 Encourage low-polluting industries to locate in Spokane Valley. LUI-37 Encourage shared-use parking, pedestrian access and transit incentive programs in industrial development projects. Priorities LUP-8 A variety of strategically located heavy industrial areas should be designated and protected from conflicting land uses. Implementation Strategies LUI-38 Commercial, residential and recreational uses shall limited or not allowed in areas designated for heavy industry, except for small-scale ancillary commercial and recreational uses intended to primarily serve the industrial area. LUI-39 Conversion of designated industrial lands to other uses shall be strictly limited in order to ensure adequate land supply and prevent inflation of land prices. LUI-40 Provide appropriate buffering, landscaping and other development standards for industrial areas. Priorities LUP-9 A variety of strategically located light industry areas should be designated and protected. Implementation Strategies LUI-41 Commercial, residential and recreational uses shall be limited or not allowed in areas designated for light industry except for small-scale ancillary commercial and recreational uses primarily to serve the industrial area. LUI-42 Light industry areas shall include sidewalks, bike lanes and landscaping to provide a safe and attractive working environment. DEVELOPMENT REVIEW PROCESS SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 39 CHAPTER 2—LAND USE Priorities LUP-10 Develop an efficient and timely development review process based on a public/private partnership. Implementation Strategies LUI-43 Maximize efficiency of the development review process by continuously evaluating the permitting process and modifying as appropriate. LUI-44 Assist developers with proposals by continuing to offer pre-application meetings in order to produce projects that will be reviewed efficiently. LUI-45 Conduct regular reviews of development regulations to determine how to improve upon the permit review process. LUI-46 Integrate and coordinate construction of public infrastructure with private development to minimize costs wherever possible. LUI-47 Increase efficiency in the permit process by responding to future state legislation concerning development review processes in a timely manner. URBAN DESIGN AND FORM Priorities LUP-11 Improve the appearance and function of the built environment. Implementation Strategies LUI-48 Use residential design performance standards to maintain neighborhood character and ensure compatibility with surrounding uses. LUI-49 Use design and performance standards to achieve a greater range of housing options in multiple-family designations. LUI-50 Use design and performance standards to create attractive and desirable commercial and office developments. LUI-51 Designate aesthetic corridors along major transportation routes to provide a positive image of Spokane Valley. Aesthetic corridors shall be located along the following routes: • State Route 27 (Pines Road) • Appleway Boulevard • Evergreen Road between Sprague Avenue and Indiana Avenue • Mirabeau Parkway LUI-52 Adopt specific regulations for designated aesthetic corridors that: SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 40 CHAPTER 2—LAND USE • Provide incentives for aesthetic design; • Require landscaping buffers adjacent to roadways; • Limit sign height and size; • Provide performance standards to adequately screen intensive land uses that have exterior clutter such as outdoor storage, exterior heavy equipment and/or exterior fabrication/assembly. LUI-53 Establish standards for the scale and intensity of commercial, retail and industrial signage that protect views and minimize signage clutter while allowing adequate business identification. LUI-54 Establish a "cap and replace" system for video boards/billboards and eliminate existing billboards wherever possible. HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL RESOURCES Priorities LUP-12 Identify and protect archeological and historic sites and structures to guide decision-making in resource planning, environmental review and resource management. Implementation Strategies LUI-55 Identify and evaluate archaeological and historic sites to determine which should be preserved. Identification and evaluation is a constant, ongoing process. LUI-56 Develop methods to link cultural resource preservation with local economic development strategies, such as rehabilitation of commercial buildings, neighborhood revitalization and tourism. LUI-57 Establish and maintain government-to-government relations with Native American tribes for the preservation of archaeological sites and traditional cultural properties. ESSENTIAL PUBLIC FACILITIES Priorities LUP-13 Facilitate the siting of public and private essential public facilities when Spokane Valley is the appropriate location. Implementation Strategies SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 41 CHAPTER 2—LAND USE LUI-58 Consider the process for Siting Essential Public Facilities of a Countywide or Statewide nature in the Growth Management Essential Public Facilities Technical Committee Report. THE LAND USE/TRANSPORTATION CONNECTION Priorities LUP-14 Provide for a well connected street system that minimizes dead- end and cul-de-sac streets. Implementation Strategies LUI-59 Encourage new developments, including multifamily projects, to be arranged in a pattern of connecting streets and blocks to allow people to get around easily by foot, bicycle, bus or car. Cul-de-sacs or other closed street systems may be appropriate under certain circumstances including, but not limited to, topography and other physical limitations which make connecting systems impractical. LUI-60 Develop street, pedestrian path and bike path standards that contribute to a system of fully connected routes. 2.13 Environmental Analysis 2.13.1 Impacts of the Scenarios In many respects, the land use changes contemplated by the land use scenarios would be similar on a citywide basis. All are intended to express a long-range vision of Spokane Valley that is consistent with the Growth Management Act and Countywide Planning Policies and that has the ability to accommodate anticipated future growth. Differences in impacts would be incremental and would primarily relate to different development densities and the relative concentration of future growth within the city. The Modified Existing Conditions Scenario assumes an average density of new residential development of approximately 4.5 dwelling units per acre. The Urban Activity Centers Scenario would accommodate planned growth more efficiently at a higher average density-6 dwelling units per acre (excluding existing platted lots) and a higher proportion of multifamily housing due to areas that allow mixed uses in centers. The City Center Emphasis Scenario would allow similar densities of housing as the Urban Activity Centers Scenario, by focusing higher density residential development in and around identified centers. Under any land use scenario, future development and most land use change would be concentrated in areas near urban services and major transportation facilities. The Draft Comprehensive Plan would not be significantly different from what is there now. Impacts would include consumption of vacant land for intensive urban activities and increased urbanization. Existing neighborhoods will be subject to pressure for redevelopment or infill development of vacant parcels. The mix of land uses and the SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 42 CHAPTER 2—LAND USE character of some neighborhoods will likely change over time. Conflicts could occur between individual land uses or land use districts of different types or intensity. Concentrating growth at higher densities in a defined area would create potential direct and indirect impacts to environmentally sensitive lands and natural resources located in or adjacent to this area. However, proposed Comprehensive Plan policies and adopted development regulations would tend to mitigate such potential impacts. Moreover, concentrating higher density growth in already established urban areas will take growth pressure off of rural areas that would likely be more sensitive to growth impacts. Growth within the city will generally be phased with the provision of sewer service. Much of Spokane Valley is still utilizing on-site sewage disposal systems. Spokane County's 6-year sewer plan addresses several of these areas with in the city(please refer to the Capital Facilities Element for additional information). Land within the 6-year sewer priority area is intended to develop first, followed by lands in lower sewer priority areas. Capital improvement programming and budgeting should be used to coordinate land use with utility decisions. Public sewer is required concurrent with development with private sewer extensions permitted. Based on the conclusions of the Land Capacity Analysis conducted for the Comprehensive Plan, it appears that zoning and land capacity will be sufficient to accommodate projected population for all three land use scenarios. Limiting the region's supply of developable urban land, which is implicit in the drawing of an urban boundary as required by the Growth Management Act, could result in increases in the cost of land and/or housing; any such result would depend on regional market and economic conditions. 2.13.2 City Center Emphasis Scenario Land use patterns would be characterized by higher-density residential, commercial and industrial activities located throughout the city. Land would be intensively developed for urban uses and the overall area would become more urban in character. The creation of an identifiable city center would begin taking place during the planning horizon with higher intensity mixed uses occurring within the city center. Appropriate transportation facilities and other urban services would be provided within the designated city center and surrounding area to encourage development consistent with the city center concept. The average density of new residential development would be 4.5 dwelling units per acre (excluding existing platted lots). Within the city, there would be some focusing of higher-density uses (residential and employment) along or adjacent to existing major transportation corridors. Planned neighborhood and community centers would be part of the land use pattern providing basic goods and services closer to residential neighborhoods, particularly south of Sprague Avenue. This arrangement would continue the historical location pattern of higher-density uses along linear corridors. Land use conflicts could occur where land uses of different types, scale or design are located proximately to one another. Such impacts would be evaluated at a more detailed level in future subarea plans or at the time of development proposal. Specific impacts of development would be mitigated through the application of development regulations, provisions of the State Environmental Policy Act(SEPA), or SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 43 CHAPTER 2-LAND USE other appropriate development controls. Proposed policies encouraging design review procedures and/or subarea planning would help address such impacts. On a localized basis, neighborhood change could be somewhat less noticeable, because growth would be somewhat more dispersed and would occur at lower urban densities. Commercial uses would be consolidated at the intersection of major arterials such as Sprague Avenue and Pines Road, Argonne Road, Evergreen Road, or Sullivan Road. Corridors existing between these major commercial nodes would begin to transition to mixed uses including office, residential, or light industrial. An "Auto Row" overlay district would be created to recognize the special needs of new automobile dealerships that exist along Sprague Avenue. New automobile dealerships provide the city with substantial sales tax revenue; however, these same businesses can have a significant visual impact on the community. These uses have somewhat unique needs related to development standards such as signage and street frontage landscaping. 2.13.3 Urban Activity Centers Scenario Growth would occur in a more compact pattern and at higher average densities: 6 dwelling units per acre for new development, compared to an average of 4 dwelling units per acre for the Modified Existing Conditions Scenario. A density target would be established in the Comprehensive Plan. Minimum lot size requirements would be reduced in low-density areas and maximum densities allowed would be increased in medium-and high-density areas to meet the Plan's targets. Changes to existing neighborhoods through infill and redevelopment at higher densities would likely be greater than for the Modified Existing Conditions Scenario. These neighborhoods would become more urban in character, with greater levels of human activity. Commercial uses would generally occur in a linear pattern along transportation corridors, which would reinforce the existing pattern of development in the urban area. Two major concentrations of industrial activity are identified: Spokane Valley Industrial Park/Kaiser and the Yardley area. Future growth under this scenario would also be focused in designated mixed-use, pedestrian-oriented activity centers, located on or adjacent to major transportation corridors and a proposed high-capacity transit system. These would build on the existing locations and pattern of higher-density development. Activity centers would be of different sizes (urban, community and neighborhood) and contain different mixes of uses. Specific size and uses would reflect their function and surrounding market area. Urban activity centers would, in general, contain higher-density residential uses and a range of employment uses. These centers would be compact(approximately 1/4-mile radius)to encourage pedestrian activity and transit. Compatible activities would be grouped to avoid or minimize land use conflicts. Design standards and a design-review process would be developed to ensure a high-quality urban environment. Two urban activity centers are proposed in the Comprehensive Plan: Spokane County Fairgrounds and University City. It is anticipated approximately one-quarter of this area would develop as residential uses at high densities(20 dwelling units/acre). In general, SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 44 CHAPTER 2—LAND USE these centers would be intensively developed for a mix of uses, would be urban in character and would be characterized by high levels of human activity. Land use conflicts could potentially occur where land uses of different types, scale or design are located proximately to one another. Such impacts would be evaluated at a more detailed level in future subarea plans. Proposed policies encouraging design review guidelines/procedures and/or subarea planning would help address such impacts. Two community centers would also be designated at Sprague Avenue and Sullivan Road and Argonne, north of 1-90. Additional centers could be designated in the future through amendment of the Comprehensive Plan map. A subarea planning process could be used to determine the size, boundaries, mix of uses and design of individual centers. The centers would be located so as to build on and reinforce existing concentrations of commercial and industrial development along corridors; they would provide a focus for diversification, infill and redevelopment to create mixed-use communities. Land and housing costs and availability could be influenced to some degree by the smaller land supply. Compared to the Modified Existing Conditions Scenario, relatively less land would be available, which could place upward pressure on land costs. The higher planned development density may help mediate increased costs on a per unit basis (i.e., because spread out over more units). 2.13.4 Modified Existing Conditions Scenario Land use patterns would be characterized by higher-density residential, commercial and industrial activities located throughout the city. Land would be more intensively developed for urban uses and overall, the city would become more urban in character. The average density of new residential development would be approximately 4 dwelling units per acre (excluding existing platted lots). Housing would be approximately 70 percent single-family (includes manufactured homes) and 30 percent multifamily (includes duplex units), which is consistent with the existing housing mix. Within the city there would be some focusing of higher-density uses (residential and employment) along or adjacent to existing major transportation corridors. Planned centers would not be part of the land use pattern, however. This arrangement would continue the historical location pattern of higher-density uses along major arterial corridors. Land use conflicts could occur where land uses of different types, scale or design are located proximately to one another. Such impacts would be evaluated at a more detailed level in future subarea plans. Proposed policies encouraging design review procedures and/or subarea planning would help address such impacts. On a localized basis, neighborhood change could be somewhat less noticeable, because growth would be somewhat more dispersed and would occur at lower urban densities. Commercial uses would generally occur in a linear pattern along transportation corridors, which would reinforce the existing pattern of development in the urban area. Concentrations of industrial activity are identified in the northwest(Yardley area)and northeast(Spokane Industrial Park area) portions of Spokane Valley. 2.13.5 Effects on Adjacent areas and Jurisdictions SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 45 CHAPTER 2—LAND USE If Spokane Valley were unable to accommodate its urban growth targets due to limited infrastructure capacity, land capacity constraints, market limitations, inability to develop at target densities or inability to fund needed improvements in phase with growth, growth pressure would likely be shifted to the rural area, to other jurisdictions in the region, elsewhere within the state or to Idaho. At the same time, inability of the cities and towns to accommodate their respective growth targets could place greater pressure on unincorporated Spokane County to accommodate a greater proportion of growth,which could place stress on its planning and infrastructure programs. Any such effects could be short-term or long-term and could reflect economic changes and consumer or lifestyle choices (such as future residents choosing a rural lifestyle and location). 2.13.6 Mitigation Measures and Implementation Strategies Designation of a UGA and concentration of future growth within this defined area is intended to mitigate potential impacts of sprawl and to conserve rural areas, natural resource lands and open space. In general, the Comprehensive Plan is intended to accomplish the planning policies of the Growth Management Act and the Countywide Planning Policies. Minimum-density provisions, although not proposed in this draft plan, would help ensure that new development meets growth targets. Similarly, the goals, objectives and policies of the Comprehensive Plan are intended to mitigate potential adverse land use impacts associated with future growth in Spokane Valley. The Plan identifies a number of processes and adoption of new or revised development regulations (e.g., zoning and subdivision codes) that would address the impacts identified in this Draft SEIS. Siting to group-compatible uses and buffering between adjacent areas would also help to avoid potential conflicts. A number of policies or implementation strategies would address potential land use conflicts or incompatibilities between different types or intensities of uses. Performance standards, for example, would be developed to address noise, vibration and other externalities while also providing flexibility for development. Design and aesthetic issues would be addressed through Comprehensive Plan policies (e.g., designation of "aesthetic corridors"along major transportation routes, limitation of billboards), design guidelines and a handbook, and subarea planning. Incentives would also be an important part of the city's implementation program. Strategies called for in the comprehensive plan include density bonuses, transfer of development rights, reduced fees and other techniques to help achieve development of urban activity centers and other objectives. 2.13.7 Unavoidable Adverse Impacts Under any urban growth scenario, future growth in Spokane Valley will result in increased development and urbanization within the defined UGA. The character of these areas will change over time and some residents may perceive these changes as adverse. Vacant land will be consumed to accommodate growth and some alternative uses may be foreclosed. Underutilized or underdeveloped lands will be converted to more intense urban uses through infill development. SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN 46 CHAPTER 2—LAND USE