ZE-75-78 1
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♦ SPOKANE COUNT'Y PLANNING DEPARTMENT
Zone Reclasstficatton Check List
;P;3!1cant's Name Address Teleohone No. Ap,plicant's No.
~ 7gS o
~
-ittials
J r $~~,,,~.b w•~""'`
~ -APPLICATION FEE, ($10e00), RECEIPT1VUMBER
~ PRE ,
(date)
APPLICATIQIV APPOINTMENT 9 - -5 p
(date) (ttme)
PA RT I
ENGINEER' S SECTION MAP,
?T'
Y7 ASSESSOR'S SECTION MAP. (Legal Description, 400 foot boundary outside ownership).
ZONE CHANGE APPLICATION.
ZONING WORKSHEET.
ENVIRONMENTAL CHECKLISTe
PLOT PLANS (5 black ltne )(setbacks) (road frontage) (square footage) (open space)
PHOTOS (8 x 10 and description)
APPLICATION FILING FEE (s) RECEIPT NUMBER O~~~ •
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PART II
RECORD PARCEL NUMBERS (withfn 400 feet) OIV LAND FILE POLL CARD FORM
(d a i r: )
MAIL AGENDA TO SURROUNDING PROPERTY OWNERS AND APPLICANT
(da::e)
POST SURROUNDING ARFA .
- (aate)
HEALTH DISTRICT, FIRE MARSHAL AND ENGINEER'S REVIEW (Agenda and Plot Plan).
PLOT PLAN AND AGENDA TO GRAPHICS o
MAIL AGENDA TO CONCERNED STATE DEPARTMETVTS.
(d a- ~
FINDINGS PREPARED.
FINDINGS MAILED TO APPLICATVTo
(date)
PART III.
MINUTES MAILED TO APPLICANT ~
. (dat )
HEARING FINALIZATION (Conditions . etc
RESOLUTTON TYPED.
' "TN7X COMMISSIONERS AC TION (Re solutlon)
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HF.ARING EX-AIMINEFt COMMITTEE
P[TBLIC HEARING
Application No. 7L -',7.5 ' 7a
Applicant ~ "Z-,L -~LlYle,
I would like to be on record in (Check one).
FAVOR
OPPOSITION
~ r ~;ViAL
, Do you wish to TESTIFY at this Hearing?
(Check one)
~ YES
NO
Name (Please Print )
Addre s s
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GROUND WATER IMPACT EVALUATION
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GUtINItJG QUILDERS, INC.
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185-UtlIT APARTMEPJT COMPLEX
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Lead Agency: Spokane County
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• October 1978 '
Prepared by
HA410RTH AND ANDERSON, IPIC.
West 621 P9a11 on Avenue
• Spokane, 4lashington
9q201
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IPITRODUCTIOPJ
• The proposed action under review i's a request for a zone change from
Agricultural to Multiple Family Suburban for approximately 12.4 acres of
land and the subsequent development of that property as an apartment com-
plex. A request for a zone change has been submitted for approval. The
proposed action includes the issuance of all necessary local, state and
federal permits and approvals.
~ The proposed action has been initiated by Gunning Builders, Inc., a
Washington corporation who are the owners and developers of the property,
The following environmental analysis is intended to assess the impact
of the proposed apartment complex of 185 units on groundwater quality and
• quantity. This Ground 6Jater Impact Evaluation (GWIE) is required in light
of the designation of the Spokane-Rathdrum Prairie aquifer as the "sole
source" of drinking water for most of northern Idaho and eastern 4•Jashing-
ton. This assessment is a detailed analysis of the impacts of project re-
lated sewage and storm water effluents on the ground water. A discussion
of potential mitigating measures which would minimize the project related
~ impacts is also included. It is highly recormended that the reader become
familiar with the USGS Open-File Report 77-829 (Drost, B.VJ., and FI.R. Seitz,
1978, Spokane Valley-Rathdrum Prairie Aquifer, Washington and Idaho) and
the Spokane County "208" Program's Interim Water Quality Monitoring Report.
These reports represent current understanding of the hydrology of the
~ Spokane Valley-Rathdrum Prairie Aquifer and the effects of various land
uses and waste management practices on ground water. Both reports present
data that is part of studies that are still in progress. The USGS wil]
' eventually construct a mathematical water qualtty model for the aquifer.
" The "208" study will make recorimendations for waste management, runoff
control, land use and other practices which may affect aquifer water quality.
~ The lead agency for this proposal is the County of Spokane. The respon-
sible official is the Board of County Commissioners, who have assigned re-
sponsibiiity for the environmental review process to P1r. Fred Dayharsh,
Director, Spokane County Planning Department.
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~ TABLE OF CONTENTS
IPJTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i
SECTIOtd 1 : SUMh1ARY OF THE PROPOSCD ACTIOP! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
! I. Descri pti on of the Project. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
II. Ground l•Jater Impact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
l. Surface tJater Runoff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2. Sevrage Treatment System Effluent. . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3. Chemical Storage, Transport and Use . . . . . . . . . . 5
~ 4. Sol i d Gdaste Di sposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
III. P9easures to Mitigate Adverse Impacts. . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1. Sewage Treatment System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2. Surface bJater Runoff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3. Project Dens i ty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
IV. Alternate P~ethods of Waste 4Jater Disposal 9
~ 1. Land Appl i cati on Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2. Pond and Lagoon 4Jaste Water Treatment 13
3. On-si te 4laste Water Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
4. Sma11 Package Sewage Treatment Systens. 14
SECTIOPi 2: GRQUND WATER IMPACT ANALYSIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
~ l. Earth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
1.1 Geol ogy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
1.2 Soils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
~ 2. Ground Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
2.1 Ground Water P9ovement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
~ 2.2 Ground Water Quant7ty. . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . 26
2.3 Ground Water Qual i ty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
~ 2.4 Sewage Collection, Treatment, and Disposal
Faci 1 i ti es . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
CITATI OPJS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
~ APPErIDix A: t-JASTE WATER TREATMENT OPTloras . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
APPENDIX B: GROUtJD WATER QUALITY DATA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
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SECTIOtJ I
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suMMARY OF -rHE PRaPOsEa AcT1 Ori
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~ I. DESCRIPTIUN OF THE PROJECT
The proposed project cvnsist5 of the constructi on of a rnu] tipl e-uni t
apartrnent coniplex. The prvject i s Tocated i nthe northeast quarter of Sec-
tion 9, Township 26 North, Range 44, Spokane Count.y, Washington. The loca-
ti on of the proposed proj ect si te 7 s shown arr the fa1 Z awi ng vitini ty map.
~ 7he sponsor of the project isGunning aui lders, Inc., a 14ashington
corporation. The project has been submitted to the Spokane County Planning
Department for appl i cation for azone c hange from Agri cul tural tv Mui ti p1 e
Fami1y Suburban {MFS}. The project si te consi sts af appraximately 12.4
acres. The application proposes 185 housing units with a gross densityrof
appraximately one unit per 2,921 square feet of land. This is su6stan-
~ tia17y below the maximurn a7]awahle density of one unit per 2,000 square
feet of land. As proposed, about 81 percent of the prvject site tiiill he
reserved as open space. A si te map showi ng the desi gn af the apartment
complex arrd the locatian af structures is on,page 4.
~ The project wi 1l provi de moderately priced apartment uni ts. Approxi -
mateiy SO per°cent vf the uni ts wi il be tkvo-bedroor7 wi th the balance ane-
bedroon apartments. Carports and/or garages wi] i also be provided.
An i rtter°ivr private raad systeni wi ] 7 be constructed t❑ 7 ink the resi-
dential uni ts wi th existing Caunty roads ta the east and west of the pro-
~ ject JiLe■ AL JiIFteE 1o1 1oad'YYayJ will Lle piived• TI1e p[opVsal 4allJ fVr
about 350 park7 ng spaces on the prcvject sz te compared with the County
minfimum standard of 270 spaces {equiva] ent ta 1.5 parki ng spaces per unit).
A1 l uti 7ities wi il be brought to the praject sl te underground. E] ec-
trici ty and natura.l gas wi l7 be provTded hy the Washingtan liater Power
Companv.
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It is prapased that sewage waste water be disposed of in a systern af
septi c tanks and subsurface drainf-iel ds. Viaste water wi 1 Y be collected ,
from i ndividual structures and di stributed to a series vf septic tanks ~
ranging in si ze from 900 to 1,500 gal lons. The treated effluent will be
~ di sposed of in aseries of separate drainft e] ds.
When eompleted, about 30 percent of the proposed praject site will he '
cvvered tivith impervious surfaces. The construction of these impervious ~
surfaces wi l7 result i n the disrupti on of natura1 patterns of surfa~e water i
runoff and absorpti an. Current Spokane County stom water management regu-
Tati ons require that rufloff be retained ❑n-site. In this case, it i s pro-
~ posed that surface water be callected in catch basins and be dTsposed vf
in dr.y wel7s.
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Five M1ide Pmine ~ Pleysant Prmne
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SPOKANE IYTERNATIONAL
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VICINITY MAP
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II. GROUrJD WATER IMPACT
l. Surface Water Runoff
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The proposal will result in the construction of i'mpervious surfaces
over approximately 30 percent of the project site. This will result in a
disruption of the natural surface water runoff and adsorption characteris-
tics of the project site.
~ The proj ect wi 11 resul t i n t he generati on of contami'nants i n storm
water runoff from automobiles and other vehic1es, atmospheric fa]lout, lawn
and garden care and pets. Storm water runoff can be expected to contain
minor amounts of contaminants including suspendea solids, petroleum based
hydrocarbons, lawn and garden fertilizers, road de-icinq chemicals, and
pesticides and herbicides used for domestic purposes.
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Surface water from the project site must be disposed of on-site.
Storm water from the project site will be disposed of in on-site dry wells
which wi 11 ultimately recharge the aquifer. The majority of the contaminants
are subject to partial removal as the water percolates through the soil
column above the ground water. The soils on the project site are coarse
~ sands and gravels. Their ability to remove ni'trogen, and other anions in
storm water is limited under the high hydraulic loading characteristic of
dry wel 1 s.
2. Sewage Treatment System Effluent
~ The proposed project will result i'n the generation of approximately 37,000
gallons per day of sewage that will 6e treated in a system of on-site septic
tanks and disposed of in subsurface drainfields over the aquifer. It is
, probable that a portion of the effluent discharged to the surface above
the aquifer will ultimately recharge the ground water.
~ The chemical constituents of the treated waste water are potential con-
taminants of the ground water. Septic tanks are relatively ineffective in
removing dissolved solids including nitrates from the waste water. The
quality of the potential effluent reaching the aquifer from a subsurface
drainfield will be improved over the quality of the effluent discharqed to
the drainfield because of biochemical treatment mechanisms that occur as
~ the effluent passes through the soil column above the ground water. Soil
systems do not generally retain anions including nitrates, chlorides, sul-
fates and bicarbonates. These dissolved inorganic material move with the
drainage waters and may pose a potential threat to ground water quality.
It is not expected that the proposed project will result in the violation
of any drinking water standard.
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3. Chemical Storage, Transport and Use
As indicated elsewhere in the GLIIE space heating withtn the proposed
project site will be exclusively by natural gas or electricity. It is not
anticipated that any on-site storage of fuel oi1 or petroleum products will
~ occur on the project site. Thus a threat to ground water quality from the
accidental spillage or leakage of these materials does not exist.
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4. Solid Waste Disposal
It is estimated that the proposed project will generate approximately
• 200 tons of solid waste per year. Disposal of this solid waste would occur
at existing County managed sanitary landfills. The majority would be dis-
posed of at the County landfill at Mica, lJashington. It is not anticipated
that the solid waste generated by the proposed project would generate any
significant or unusual amount of toxic waste. The Mica landfill site is
not located over the aquifer recharge area but is located i'n the designated
• stream flow area. This landfill takes place in an abandoned clay open pit
mine site. This clay surface around the landfill forms an impervious sur-
face which provides a barrier to leaching of polluted water from the land-
fill site. Leachates f rom this landfill site do not pose any significant
threat of ground water contamination.
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III. PlEASURES TO MITIGATE ADUERSE IMPACTS
~ The following is a summary of potential measures that could be taken
to mitigate tfie potential impact of the proposed project on ground water
qual i ty.
l. Sewage Treatment Systeni
` Nitrates are the pollutant of greatest concern from the disposal of
sewage waste water effluent in subsurface drainfields located over the
aquifer. bJhile other anions would be carried with drainfi'eld aercolate
and may reach the aquifer they affect primarily the aesthetic quality of
drinking water and do not pose a public health problem. Other pollutants
are very effectively removed by soil biosystems. The potential impact of
~ nitrate contamination of the ground water could be mitigated by the use of
a package treatment plant with nitrification and denitrificati'on unit oper-
ations. These operations are extremely expensive when applied to snall
treatment facilities. In addition, they add significantly to the complexi-
ty of operation of the plant, increasing the possibility of system malfunc-
tion and upset. At the present time, nitrification-denitri'fication unit
` operati ons are not empl oyed on any seti•raqe treatment fac i 1 i ty i n Spokane
County, including the City of Spokane treatment plant. The potential
for ground water contamination could also be reduced or eliminated through
the use of an evaporative lagoon. Evaporative lagoons require large land
space and do not operate efficientiy in the Spokane climate. Past exper-
ience vrith such systems in Spokane County has been largely poor. Problems
~ with odors and overflowing from poor design have been signi'ficant. A de-
tailed analysis of sewage treatment system alternatives is i'ncluded below.
2. Surface 4Jater Runoff
Sources of contamination in urban storm water runoff are vehicles,
~ atmospheric fallout, lawn care, and pets. Contaminants usually found are
suspended solids, petroleurn-based 'nydrocarbons, lawn and garden fertilizers,
de-icing compounds, and herbicides and pesticides used for domestic pur-
poses.
Removal of most of these contaminants in urban storm water runoff can
~ be enhanced by discharqing to vegetated, soil-covered surfaces rather than
dry wells or injection wells. Retention i'n biologically acti've oonding.
areas, marshy depressions, or a vegetated soil environment will allow a
greater amount of biodegradation of natural and exotic organic compounds
than wOUId occur i n a dry we] 1.
~ A number of other measures are available to mitigate the impact that
contaminants carried in surface water runoff may have on ground water
quality. In most cases the acceptability and effectiveness of these measures
have not been demonstrated because of their lack of widespread use. These
measures would include the following:
~ (a) Oil and greaseseparators can be used to remove petroleum pro-
d ~
ucts from surface water runoff. These separators have been
shown to be only moderately effective and their use should be '
1 ini ted_ to areas where the 1 i I:el i hood of signi fi'cant grease i
or oil spill is probable.
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(b) Sediment basins can be used to settle out a large portion of
the suspended solids in surface water runoff. Sediment basins
would not be effective in controlling soluble inorganic salts,
• such as nitrates or phosphates.
3. Project Densit_y
The potential impact of this project could be mitigated 6y reducing
the density of the proposed project. This would have the effect of reducinq
• proportionately the level of contaminant that must be controlled, treated
and/or disposed of on the surface above the aqui`fer. Low densi'ty develon-
ments will be substantially more expensive to sewer if it is detemined at
the completion of on-going studies that a central sewage treatment facili-
ty is needed for the Spokane Valley. Preliminary indications are that
community collection and treatment of sewage from the valley in some form
• will be recommended. The Spokane County Commissioners have developed a
draft waste water treatment policy that provides for the construction of
a sewer interceptor line from the City of Spokane treatment plant along
Sprague Avenue to Liberty Lake. In order to make sewering of the valley
economically feasible it will be necessary that higher density development
in the valley be allowed and encouraged. A reduction in the density of the
• project while having short term benefits wou1d make the ultimate sewering
of the valley more costly. Continued low density development may make
sewering economically prohibitive.
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IV. ALTERPJATE METHODS OF WASTE WATER DISPOSAL
The choice of the most environmentally and economi'cally sound waste
• water treatment system can be a difficult deci'sion. A namber of variables
must be considered: quality and fate of ttie final effluent, capital and
operati ng costs ( i ncl udi ng povrer consumpti on and mai ntenance requi'rements
areal requirements, quantity and characteristics of sludges generated, as
well as state and local regulatory restrictions. A wide range of available
options were evaluated viith respect to these variables. Specifically, the
r followinq options were explored: on-site treatment and ciisposal; lagoons
and stabilization ponds; small (less than 1 millton gallons per day, MGD)
treatment facilities; and land application. Exhaustive descripti'ons of
each of these options is not feasihle in this report, but a detailed de-
scription of the options considered most viable, on-site systems and small
treatment facilities, is included in Appendix A to this GWIE.
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A brief discussion of each of the waste water treatment alternatives
considered in terns of effluent quality, operational characteristics and
economics is provided below. These characteristics are summarized in the
following tables.
~ 1. Land Application Systems
Most land application systems fall into one of three categories:
(a) Rapid Infiltration-Percolation: LJaste waters are ponded in basins
or in contour ridges and furrows. The soils which receive the waste water
~ must be very permeable to accept the high application rates, which range
up to 10 feet per week.
(b) Overland Runoff: Waste waters are applied to prepared, gently
sloping land so that it flows slowly through a cover crop such as grass,
Some of the water may infiltrate into the soi'1, but this is not necessary.
~ Overland runoff is adapted to impervious soils, particularly in mild cli-
mates, such as those of the southern United States.
(c) Spray Irrigation: LJaste waters are applied to annual or perennial
vegetation (including crops and forest 1ands) using various types of spray
irrigation equipment. Application is usually limited to the growing season
~ of the cover crop. This category may be subdivided into hi'gh-rate irrigation
(application of > 2.5 in/wk) and low-rate irrigatton (application of c2.5
in/wk).
Surface land application provides the most effective method of waste
water treatment evaluated, and can be viewed as a method of tertiary treat-
~ ment and not riierely a disposal scheme. Superficially, land application may
appear to be very similar to drainfield (subsurface) disposal. It is, in
fact, generally far more effective in decreasing the possibility of ground
water contamination. This is due to (1) increased evapotranspiration losses
during application; (2) decreased hydraulic loadings on the land involved;
and, (3) biological activity of both the cover crop and microorganisms in the
~ root zone vrhich polish the resulting perco1ate far more efficiently than the
deeper soils of drainfields. However, land application as waste water is
not a viable alternative for small scale suburban developments because of
its high cost, complexity of operation and potential publi'c health impacts.
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ESTIMATED EFFLUENT QUALITY FROM ALTERNATIVC WASTE IdATER TREATMENT PROCESSES1
Canstituent
SS BODS COD 11 Nll3 P
Incoiiiing LJaste Water
225 200 450 40 25 10
Effluent from Treatment Process
Septic Tanks 50 105 - 30 25 3
Activated Sludge
Conventional 20 15 90 25 20 7
Extended Aeration 20 15 90 30 2 3
Contact Stabilization 20 15 90 25 ZC 1
~ Fixed F-111 Reactars
° Low Rate Trickling Filter 25 18 100 25 1 7
High Rate Trickling Filter 30 20 100 30 25 7
Tower Filter 30 20 100 30 25) 7
Rotating Biological Disc 25 18 100 25 3 7
Pond or Lagoon
High Rate Aerobic Pond 120 60 - 30 - 9
Faculative Pond 100 40 - 20 - a
Anerobic Pond 100 40 - 20 " 4
Aerated Lagoon 80 25 " 20 - 4
Oxidation Ditch 20 15 ' 30 " 7
Land Application
Irrigation 2 2 - 5 1 <1
Infiltration-Percolation 2 Z ' S ~ <1
Otlerland Flow 10 5 - 5 1 ~ 1
I Adapted from references G, 7 , and 8 of Anpend ix A.
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OPERATIOPdIIL CHARACTERISTIC OF Ur1RI0US Ti?EIIT!IEf5JT PROC%SSLS
Conven- Ina, v~ c~uRotating Trickling ticnal Extencled Fa rulti ti ve Latici Se.~t1 c
item Qisk rilters l1ct. SlUdge +Aeration _Poncl; Dispnsa l ~Ttri~,~ _
Process characteristics
Rcliability with
respect to
Qasic process Good Good Good Very Good Goocl Excelleiit Good
Influent flovr variations Fair Fair Fair Good Goocl Good Fair
Influert load variations Fair Fair Fair Good Good Good
Low temperature Sensitive Sensitive Good Sensitive Very Sensi- Good Gcoc1
tive
Expandability to meet
Incrcased plant loadings Good, necd Limited Fair to G oo d f;t ir, ncc,d ,oo(1
aciditional Guncl acldit i()I ial
uni ts
florn strincJcnt di,chai•cJe Good, ~~cld Gcjocl, add Gnnil, aciri Good , ~ldd 11r1r1 ncl -S 11c1cfiL iona 1 I'uui•
requ i renients wi th respect fi 1 tration/ fi 1 tration/ f i 1 trati on/ f i 1 i.rat i on/ ancl f i 1 lri- pti•ctrca t-
to suspended solids polishing raolishing polishing polisili;19 t1o1) nietit
~ Q00 lmproved by I+»proved by lmproved by Imprcveci by In~p~~ored by Lo~~.er ap- Ponr~
filtration filtration filtration filitratiai filtration plication
I•ates
f-litrogen Good, must Good, must Good, add Good, add Good, add Pook•
add deni- add deni- nitrification/ denitrifi- denitrifi-
trification trification denitrifica- cation cation
tion
Operational complexity Some Some h1ore Coi»plex Soiile Simple Simple S~~~lp lc
Ease of operation/ Uery Good Uery Good Fair Excellent Good Excellent Excellent
maintenance
Povier requirements Low Relatively High Relatively Lovi hioderate Lotr
Hi gh Ni gh
Vlaste products Sludge Sludge Sludge Less sludge Less sludge Sludge
Patential odor problems Odors Odors Odors Odors
Site Considerations
Land area requi rements Nioderate tloderate Moderate Larqe p1 us Lat rq r. 1) 1 u: La r(I e 1) l u',
p1 us buf fer pl us huf fcr p1 u-, buf fur I)ii f f ('r I)II f((~ r- ho f( I,)
7(11I(' IOIll' T(lllt' II)11I' lcltlt• 10I11'
Topography Itelit t.ive, ly Itol~itive ly IZe la l,ive ly Ro 1.11 ivi, ly I<e I,l I ivi, ly I;o I'l I ivo ly Ili,ii1i1 ►i-I,
level level levol lrvr' l lr,u(. i I1.\tj I I Ic v4, 1
0 + 0 0 0 0 e
ESTIMATED TOTAL ANNUAL AND UNIT COSTS FOR ALTERNATIUE TREATtIErd i
PftOCESSES I-JITN A DESIGPJ FLOIJ OF 1.0 14GD
Annual Cost, Dollars
Unit Cost Initial Capi?l Cents/
Process Cost Dollars Capital~ 0 & m Total 1,000 Gal,
Individual Septic Tanks4 800,000 87,832 16,669 104,498 28.6
Rotating biological disks 800,000 II75E32 57,680 145,512 39.9
Trickling filter processes 9009000 98,811 58,480 157,291 43.1
Activated sludge processes
Conventional 11000,000 109,790 77,000 186,190 51.2
Contact stabilization 1,000,000 109,790 711,820 18I,6I0 ~,9,7
Cxtended aeration 500,000 54,895 48,800 1035695 2u.~1
Lagoon and pond processes
Oxidaticn ditch (tvith settlin ) 500,000 54,895 4P,800 103,695 23.4
N llerated lagoon (with settling~ 5005000 54,895 48,800 103,695 23.4
Facultative (aerated surface layer) 2509000 27,447 24,900 52,347 14.3
Facultative (algal surface layer) 2509000 27,447 22,400 49,847 13.9
High-rate aerobic 2509000 275447 211,900 52,341 14,;
Irrigation and overland flow
Qasic system 340,000 37,328 41,540 78,369 21.6
With primary treatment 940,000 10,302 81,540 1~,4 ,7~? 50.6
l-lith secondary trcatment 19240,000 136,139 115,950 28 2 ,08) 9 69.1
Infiltration- pcrcolatian
Qasic system 200,000 21,958 25,100 47,053 12.9
l-lith primary treatment 8005000 °7,832 65,100 152,932 41.9
l-Jith secondary treatment 1,0009000 109,790 99,510 209,300 57.3
lAdapted from reference 6 of Appendi,x A.
2Based on an ENRCC Index of 1,900.
3Capital recovery factor =0.10979 (15 yrs. at 7%)
4Does not include drainfield cost.
~
Based on recommended loading rates a land application system for the pro-
posed project would require over 50 acres of land. A major limi'tation of
~ land application in northern states is the climate. Spray irrigation is
generally limited to the yrowing season. This requires either storage
or alternate disposal during unfavorable periods of low temperature and
periods when the ground is saturated with rain. Alternative disposa] may
involve drainfield discharge or surface water discharge.
~ 2. Pond and Lagoon Waste 4•Jater Treatnent.
Despite years of experience with ponds and lagoons, the operating
desiqn of these systems is only quasi-theoretical. This has led to a variety
of designs: the use of several ponds in systems which can be operated in
parallel or series; and adcl-on unit onerations (preliminary sewage screening,
~ final clarifiers, and chlorination faci'lities). Although there is no con-
sistent terminology for the basic types of ponds and lagoons, the following
nomenclature is used here.
(a) Waste Water Treatment Ponds: Engineered ponds without mechanical
or compressed-air aeration facilities.
~ l. High-rate Aerobic Ponds: Shallow (1 to 1.5 feet depth) ponds,
with high algal production.
2. Anaerobic Ponds: Ponds with high organic loadings (up to
1,000 pounds BOD /acre/day) which result i'n anaerobic
conditions throu~hout the pond waters.
3. Facultative Ponds: Ponds with relatively low organic load-
~ ings (15 to 80 pounds BOD5/acre/day) v~hich maintain aerobic
surface waters and aero6ic conditons near the pond bottom.
(b) Aerated Lagoons: Engineered ponds with mechanical or compressed
air aeration faciiities.
l. Facultative Lagoons: Lagoons designed to provide a moderate
degree of physical aeration and mixing, such that sludges
~ settle to the lagoon bottom and create anaerobic conditions
near these sludge deposits.
2. Aerobic Lagoons: Lagoons designed to provide a high degree
of physical aeration and mixing, such that sludges and in-
coming solids remain suspended, and all lagoon waters remain
aerobic.
~ (c) Oxidation Ditches: Ring-shaped channels using rotating brushes
to provide aeration and having the ability to settle and retain
sludges.
The effluent quality from stabilization ponds and lagoons is marginal, thus discharge to surface water is limited unless tertiary facilities for
~ effluent polishing are provided. 4Jhere not discharged to surface waters the
effluent can be disposed of in subsurface drainfields. The land requirements y
for a combination lagoon-drainfield oneration would be very high. For the
proposed project over 25 acres would be required. Such a system is not '
economically feasible for small suburban developments while not providing ~
an effluent quality significantly improved over on-site septic tanks. r
,
A non-overflow lagoon woulci minimiie or eliminate the potential for E
ground water contamination. However, land requirements for such a system
exceed even those for a spray irrigation land application system. ,
r
~
~
~
40 13
~
3. On-site Waste Water Treatment
On-site waste water treatment refers to individual facilities which
• treat wastes from single households. This category inclndes dry, chemical
and composting toilets; single household lagoons; drywells; septic tanks
and aerobic treatment units. The most common on-site treatment unit is the
septic tank. This system is used extensi'vely throughout the Spokane valley.
The Primary function of the septic tank is to nrovide an effluent which
0 will not clog or overload the drainfield. For this purpose they function
well with minimal maintenance, provided that they are purnped as required
to prevent the wholesale flushing of solids to the drainfield. Typi'cally
the collection system, septic tank and drainfield, operate on gravity floll
eliminating the necessity of pumps, which additionally decreases maintenance
• and operation costs.
The primary drawback from septic tanks and other on-site systems is
their poor effluent quality. The activated sludge extended aeration sys-
tem proposed produces an effluent of improved quality over septic tanks.
• 4. Small Package Sewage Treatment Systems
This discussion is limited to bioloqical systems which can be sub-
divided into two general categories: (1) activated sludge systems; and
(2) fixed-film reactors. Activated sludge systems include conventional
activated sludge, extended aeration, and contact stabilization systems.
The terms "extended aeration" and "package treatment plant" are essentially
• synonymous in Spokane County. Nearly all package treatment nlants utilize
an extended aerati on system. Extended aerati on faci'1 i ti es are wi dely used
for subdivisions, apartment complexes, condominiums, and small rural towns.
, Fixed film reactors include conventional trickli,ng filters, tower filters,
and rotating biologica] filters. The basic difference between activated
sludge and fixed-film reactors is that the active microorganisms in the
~ latter area attach to the media (stone, plastic, redwood slats, etc.)
rather than being present as a sludge in an agitated aeration basin.
The use of interim treatment plants provide for central collection and
treatment of waste water. Aerobic secondary treatment plants have two major
advantages over lagoon pond systems and septic tanks. Land requirements
0 are substantially decreased and effluent quality is improved. These systems
are not considered to be pernanent and may be replaced in the future by
municipal sewage treatment systems or more elaborate small systems. These
positive attributes are counterbalanced by increased complexity and energy
consumption. Sludge disposal may involve additional facilities and costs.
If effluents are discharged to subsurface drainfields, loadings are limited
• by a Department of Ecology directive to two gallons per square foot of
drainage pipe. Nutrient removals from these systems are modest. Although
` tertiary nutrient removal systems (activated carbon, chemical flocculation,
ammonia stripping, nitrogen-denitrification schemes, etc.) may be added to
minimize effluent impacts on the receiving waters (whether surface water or
ground water), their increased costs and complexity make their application
~ to small systems unfeasible at this time.
~
~ 14
~
~
• sECTloN 2
GRODUD 4lATER IMPACT ANALYSIS
`
•
•
R
.
•
~
•
~ 15
~
uROUND WATER IMPACT ANALYSIS
~ l. Eartfi
1.1 Geology
a. Existing Conditions
~ The foundation of the area is formed by formations of igneous and
metamorphic rocks which is covered by glacial and flood deposits along the
Spokane Valley floor. The site of the proposed project is covered predom-
inantly by flood deposits (Qf) f rom the Great Missoula Flood of prehistoric
times. These deposits consist of boulders, cobbles, and gravel mixed with
sand in places. They are mostly very coarse, very poorly sorted and open
~ textured. The marginal parts of the valley floor contain va rious propor-
tions of flood transported sand and gravel and reworked Kame and lake de-
posits, with Kame deposits (Qks) underlying the northwest corner of the site.
Kame deposits were formed at the ice marqin and ice contact deposits of the
Bull Lake Age. These deposits consist of Kame sands and Kame delta sands.
~ There are no apparent geological hazards within the project area or
site.
b. Probable Impact of the Proposed Action
The proposed action should not result in unstable earth conditions or
~ in changes in geologic structures.
1.2 Soils
~ a. Existing Conditions
, The primary source of information regarding soils in this area is the
Soil Conservation Service. The Soil Survey for Spokane County may be uti-
lized for much of the soil capability information of the area. However, it
should be noted that the soils data presented in the Soils Survey represents
typical conditions and that detailed engineering studies are required to
determine specific conditions at a particular site.
~ As shown on the soi 1 s map on the fol lotivi ng page, the major soi 1 on the
project site consists of Garrison gravelly loam. The Garrison soil series
is made up of somewhat excessively drained gravelly or strong soils that
' formed under grass, in glacial outwash mixed in the upper parts of volcanic
ash. The Garrison soils have similar engineering characteristics as shown
~ in the following table. The soil is somewhat excessively drained and has
moderately rapid permeahility, which allows raoid percolation of septic
tank effluent into the soil. Very little clogging problems are encountered
in these open soils. The engineering characteristics of this soii pose no
limitations or constraints to the construction of roads or foundations.
There are no apparent 1 imi tati ons to subsurface waste vrater di sposal .
~ The site does not lie within an area that has been designated as having
either potential for flooding or ponding of water.
• 16
/ •~~~r~~r~~r~rw~~~~~~~.r~w~~~~wr~~~~.o~~~ Y
/ 560.0' I
~ ~ .
~I
o~
.
SuE
~ Spokane extremely rocky complex,
l,
GnB 20 to 70 percent slopes
•
.
-
~ 430.0'`~
~
r
C"" •
o GnB
O 00 Garrisnn very stony loam, 0 to 20 percent stopes ~
> M
V ~ N
C4z
~
o~
0
I d
, GgB
~
245.0 Garrison gravelly loam, 5 to 20 percent slopes
~
SuE
~ ,
GgB ~._._._•311 o._._._._.~
~
o~ 400.0
~
h (SOILS MAP)
~ mnnui~~ t 11(1 H11\ i~~ tni,ulruii niruinnid mJ,i +finnv~ ewJ
OF
19) = 100' j /
• • • • ~ • ~ • • ~ •
BRIEF DESCRIPTIONS OF MAJOR PROJECT SITE SQILS
APJD TNEIR ESTIMATED PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
Available
Depth Water
From Classification Capacity
Map Surface Permeability (inch/inch
Symbol Soil PJame (Inch) USDA Texture Unified (inch/hour) of Soil)
GgA Garrison gravelly loam, 0 to 15 Gravelly Loam SM 0.8 to 2.5 0.12 to 0.14
0 to 5 percent slopes 15 to 44 Very Gravelly Loam GM 2.5 to 5.0 0,08 to 0.10
GgB Garrison gravelly loam,
5 to 20 percent slopes 44 to 60 Sand, Gravel and
Cobhlestones GP > 10 0.04 to 0.06
Gm6 Garrison very gravelly
00 loani, 0 to 8 percent 0 to 15 Very Gravelly l.oam GM 2.5 to 5.0 0.08 to 0.10
slopes 15 to 44 Very Gravelly Loam GM 2.5 to 5.0 0,08 to 0.10
fnR Garrison very stony loam,
0 to 20 percent slones 44 to 60 Sand, Gravel and
Cobblestanes GP > 10 0,04 to 0,06
0 6 • , 0
~
• -a i
■~~i~`~~ •r•
•r~+~~~~r'~'~'~`r~ I
nea~•r'• 560•0 ~
~
M
ZOlo'
A.~O4o'
O~
2000, ~I "'p3,
0~
~
26p~
.
994'
430'~'~.
0
.
0-4
J ~ 2000' 2010,
~
O ~ W Z
.
d ~
o ~d
~ 199p, ~ O
d
~
' 1980'
24 ~980,
o~
• I r~~~~r~~~i• ~I
C ~ ■ • +
311.0 o, 400.0` '
MAP N
TOPOGRAPViy
~
111119i~f1117IVI~IN Itiininti~~iiouim~
EL
\
~
b. Probable Impact of the Proposed Action
~ Assuming a waste water loading on the drainfield of 300 gallons per
day per unit and a drainfield size of 1,000 square feet per unit, the hy-
draulic loading on the drainfield soi'1 would be 117 i'nches per year. With
a septic tank effluent containing a total nitrogen content of 36 micrograms
per liter, the total nitrogen loading to a typical drainfield would be 33
pounds per year.
~ There are three potential mechanisms for nitrogen remova] from tlie
drainfield. These are uptake into a cover crop, ammonia volatilization and
denitrification. Both uptake into a cover crop and ammonia volatilization
are probably insignificant in a septic tank drainfield. Denitrification
should only be marginal in the types of soil which overlie the project site,
, due to its high permeability, low water holding capacity and low organic
content.
2. Ground Water
2.1 Ground l-Jater P1ovement
~ a. Existing Conditions
The Spokane-Rathdrum aquifer extends f rom near Spiri't Lake and Pend
Oreille Lake in Bonner and Kootenai Counti,es, Idaho, southwest across the
Rathdrum Prairie and down the Spokane Valley throagh the Ci'ty of Spokane,
terminating at the confluence of the Spokane Ri'ver and the Ltttle Spokane
~ Ri ver. The aqui fer i s the primary source of dri'nki ng water for approximately
350,000 people in an area which includes the ci,ties of Spi,rit Lake, Athol,
Rathdrum, Hayden Lake, Coeur d'Alene and Post Falls, Idaho and Spokane,
Washington. The recharge zone is that area through which water enters or
could enter into the aquifer. For the Spokane-Rathdrum aquifer the recharge
, zone is the land area directly overlying and adjacent to the aquifer as
shown in the following figure. There is an upstream headwaters area draining
- into the aquifer recharge zone which contributes appraximately 90 percent of
the recharge flow to the Spokane-Rathdrum aquifer. This streamflow area
which feeds the aquifer covers an area of about 350 square miles and is
shown in the following figure.
~ Geoloqy 1
The Spokane Valley-Rathdrum Prairie aquifer is composed predominantly
of Quaternary glaciofluvial deposits which extend from Pend Oreille Lake,
Idaho to north of Spokane, Washington. The deposits consist primarily of
, sand and gravel, fine to coarse, and are poorly to moderately sorted, having
scattered cobbles and boulders. The sand and qravel is relatively free of
fine sand and silt, except in the uppernost three to five feet, where fine
grained material fill most voids in the sand and gravel. In the Hillyard
trough, near the downstream end of the aquifer, the sediments become pro-
gressively finer toward the north, where the aquifer is composed predominantly
• of stratified sand but includes some gravel and silt and a few boulders.
• 20
~
In most areas, the aquifer overlies the semiconsolidated, fine grained
Latah formation of Miocene age. In some areas the aquifer has abrupt lat-
eral contacts with sloping bedrock surfaces, but in other a reas, it grades
a laterally into less permeable, unconsolidated materials which are not readi-
ly distinguishable from the aquifer material. In such places, the selected
boundaries of the aquifer recharge area a re somewhat arbitrary.
Tfie thickness of the aquifer is not well established. The best data
exist where two ~eismic surveys have supplemented available drilling data.
~ The seismic data indicate a total thickness of about 400 feet of uncon-
solidated material near the Idaho-6Jashington state line. Because the water
table is at a depth of about 120 feet, the saturated thickness of the aquifer
is about 280 feet. In ths Hillyard trough a test hole shovred 780 feet of
unconsolidated naterials. A seismic interpretation for the same area desig-
nated about 160 feet of these materials as the saturated part of the aquifer
• with about 150 feet of unsaturated materials above the aquifer. A diagram
of the seismic profiles is shown on page 24.
In general the only wells that penetrate the entire thickness of the
aquifer do so near its extremeties, in the thinner parts of the aquifer.
4Jells drilled away from the margins qenerally penetrate only 50 feet or
~ less below the water table. The project site is located over the main body
of the aquifer.
Hydraulic Characteristics4
• The transmissivity of the aquifer (the rate at which water will f]ow
through a unit width of the aquifer uncier a unit hydraulic gradient) is gen-
erally high. Values calculated by the U. S. Geologic Survey for designated
parts of the aquifer are shown on the following figure. Transmissivities
calculated by the USGS range from .13 million square feet per day in
the western end of the aquifer to about 3.4 million square feet per day
near the I-dashington-Idaho state line.
•
Calculated values of ground water velocities are relatively.high. USGS
calculations for the aquifer at the state line inciicated a velocity of
about 64 feet per day. In an earlier study conducted by the U.S. Army Corps
of Engineers a different set of estimated aquifer characteristics rqulted
in a calculated velocity of about 90 feet per day at the state line. For
~ the Hillyard trough the USGS calculated average velocity is about 47 feet
per day. In the Corps of Engineers study, the velocity was calculated to
be 41 feet per day. These values are relatively high for a ground water
system and indicate that the aquifer is a very dynamic system and not a
relatively stable pool of water.
~ The USGS has calculated the rate of ground water flow in the aquifer
to be 960 and 350 cubic fegt per second at the state line and in the Hill-
yard trough, respectively. Similar rates calculated in the Corps of 7
Engineers Study vrere 1,000 and 200 cubic feet per second, respectively.
Recent work by Larry Esvelt of the Spokane County "208" proqram indicate
~ that ground water flows at the state line may be somewhat lower than pre-
viously estimated. Neither the volume of estimated ground water flow nor
the basis for the calculation are available at this time.
• 21
• • ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
1 . 1 r
l ~
~ 61I SOOk1nQ Pdrk l9r / •
~ •
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f nc Jldc Pr~inc J
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9 r/ ~ s GJ"^ 90 /
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~ - .
SPQKANEIN7INNATIONAL~~
~ AINFORT I ~ 0
o Mormi {'ninc
~ N ~
f i1l)Ull LIZ RI:UTARLI: ARI.r1
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~ HAmOktHt- ivUrRwv,iu. ~oNeHnt~ SQUNCE US(,C
WnnJruwt m em~iruium nral m~~lya~ pl~iumiq i'ti~nunurs
~ ~
~
~ LJNITEQ STATES (]EPARTAAENT OF THr; INTERIOR prCpBrCp in ceepeiation wlth She QPEN-PILE REPORT 77-82$
4E41-051CAL SUPVEy U 5 ENviRONMEM1lTAL PRQTECTiON AGEMCV F'LAYE y
ePI,~s?~ ~
CaLJ,~ a a
~ ,E} 4r Tya ~
~ N.,SHiY.6TL+h l~ A:4+T,. ,1 {
~ • ~
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~
L'iXC i.YALLA1 1 V Ai
C4
~ r D:asnage dfvide of Spo%ane Rfver- f,2 ~
Coeur d'Aiene Lake B3sin 4 ~
Z
prainag4E anvid-a oE CYia Pend OreiLle
L3k2 SaSin a RUTF
~
* 22 5urface-water da~ta callceCian sitc! r
and nu-~bes • . ~
~ Spolana Valley-Rathdru-n Prairie
28 30 40 SD 60 h+ 1zrS
3 yx i fe r
~'~I 6ds. 1 an V 5 Gia~os• ea gye:~e~ k
~e [olsnoio d . ,~~ECin, ~958 ¢ ~ r
i i 506,flQ0•
I
~
PLATtw ] M :rp ~hnu iri g th e parts c7f itie Spokar~c Ri~er basin .ziid `
the Pu r3d 0 rEsillE, Rix cr ba-~ i ii, VI{,qshington, I [i aho, aeld Morrtana.
~ .w }ti i c h ax•e rcc I i aI ge tiric as for #I1o Spa kzxne VatiRrithdru rn
Prairie aqulfc;r ~
' u
~
23
.
. .
. ~
.
THICKNESS AND SEISMIC PROFILE OF ; • ' • • . •
THE SPOKANE-RATHDRUM PRAIRIE ; ~ ~ •
• . 0
~ . -
0 ~ 5pirit Lake .
■ • ~ . • . ' Ba% %ie« .
~ . .
■ • ~ . . -
y :
~ASH1NGTnN i 1DAH0 , • • ~ Athol
~
: . , . . . .
• .
0 ~ ' . . .
• . ~ .
! 0
•
■ ~ Ciiico
• •
■
. • .
~ ' .
: ~ • '
■ .
• Hauser - '
~ i Lal.e ~ ~ . .
. Newman Lake • Ratttdrum .
• • • . • • HaN d: n La.~:
. ' ' • .
Post • ~ : ~ ' ~ :
Hillyard Profile t
' ~ • , .
+ F3llS • , •
• : : .
. . : ~ . • ,
.
Coeur d'Alene
• : • • Spokane •
`
Valley • . - . ~ State [.ine Profile
~ Spokane : ~ ' ~ • :
. , ~
. , .
.
Liberty ~
~ t.... Lake •
~Nforan Prairie 0 Coeur d' Alene
• La!:e
•
•
•
~ STATE LINE SEISMIC PROFILE d( HILLYARD TROUGH
oI; ~ I N SE1Sh41C PROFILE
..I_
tnlM ZjO
2000 J_ I
y - ~ ~ Water Table ~
~ 1800 - Glacial & Glacial ~ ~ WaterTable 1- ~ ~
a~. - t^:: ~7,': ~r.~ ~ ' ~••2.~'' %j,S~ l:t ~ v~ ~ . ~ . . , i
61 a
1600- Fluvial Deposits 'l~, ~i'\~~~w~~-'« - !t•
• ,d ~ _ . . .
o 0 1400 - Latah Formation1
~ C
1Z00 -
W E ti Granite Rock Granite Rock v
1000 -
• 800~
o° °o o° o° o 0 0 ~ ° o o $ ~ o o O o C p
o
O 00 %D I", N N ef ~ 40 ~O ~ N N ~ ~D CO
i
{
i Distance rn feet trom indicated reference
,
SOURCE: Esvelt & Saxon, Consulting Engineers ~
. .
N4107klH L- 4\U!-NS0\ 1V ~
C.UnfNIlJlIfJ m r~ir~r.ruuraF~ir~l ~~r,~l~~ic f~l,nru~u~ e~~~tu~~u~• J
24 /
,
Peanc Rn
lO s \ Jy~,
I 1(~1 \U
VS 395 2
Njwtho w Ra lFancnii%si ~vily I11 ldryl
CO11111~1' I11CS ~ IlfJgC,JIUI f-or Je+ignaiiJ pari i,(
SE'\'CIl M1lC 1 Ihc aywftr lAwlntcJ b} wmpwrF
Five Milc Prainc ~ -41111F 2-1 ` 6 .0- mudel de%igned by 1 1' I rn}, l 1
I (n(d4)gILallurvr),1)e%cJ tin L-Jliu12ICJ
Ilu%% rjlc% md u ilu•whlc gtidirnts
°o
o~ O ~
• Pie~s,nt nla.n, 94c1
r yr ~ V~~• ~''S
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N N ~
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N ~ 0 0
` fG, e c - W ietiev nro
°,F o~ I',is.i(lcn.i Iu k ~ • _ ~
o
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N \ ry9'lry~cr G~`1101
Ln rcf,~o P,irbw.ttcr' SITE ~10
2. \ ~i~ntAtic t ,
' ~ - O
u C ~ `
(1r. l111 IY 1« I^
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y I~~\I~~~) t~~ \ l ~ 11I~I~l •
Sn~~u ir n
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~
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~
~ H91VONIN 6ANnI x%u~v, ivc AQUIFLR 1'RANSM15SIVITY I1ISTRIIlUT10N
ConfultanU in rnrvunmrntal annl~ur, pIdminig etunu.-nrc
~ .0//
~
Water Levels
,
The water table in the aquifer slopes from the Hoodoo Valley and Lake
• Pend Oreille, Idaho to the Dartford area north of Spokane, Washington.
The aquifer is at a maximum elevation of about 2,180 feet in northern Idaho
and declines to about 1,540 feet in the area north of Spokane. The water
table in the northernmost part of the aquifer slopes a6out 20 feet per mile
of length, vihile the major portion of the aquifer from northern Idaho to
the southern edge of the Hillyard trough slopes relatively gently, from
~ two to 10 feet per mile. The average annual elevation of the water table
is shown in the figure above.
The water table contours shown on the above referenced fi'gure reflect
the estimated annual average elevation. The water table at a particular
location will vary seasonally with surface water runoff, precipitation and
~ other climatic factors. 4Jater level fluctuations are generally less than
15 feet during a year in most areas. Generally the greatest annual fluctua-
tions occur in those wells nearest to the Spokane River, in response to
changing stages of the river. Water level fluctuations from a well located
in the vicinity of the project site are shown on the following hydrograph.
~ The depth to the water table is the greatest in northern Idaho, about
300 to 400 feet below the land surface, and becomes gradually shallower
downstream, reaching depths of about 120 feet at the Washington-Idaho state
line and about 40 feet near Spokane. Continuing downstream the depth to the
water table increases to about 150 feet i'n the Hillyard trough.8 In the
vicinity of the project site the depth9to the water table ranges from about
~ 90 to 100 feet below the land surface.
b. Probable Impact of the Proposed Action
The project site is located near the center of flow of the aquifer as
it passes from east to west under the Spokane valley. The aquifer in this
~ area has a relati vely hi gh fl o►•r and transni ssi vi ty. The rel ati vely l ow
salt content of the water in this area may confirm the high ground water
flow rate in this area.
l,lhile it is not anticipated that the proposed project will have any
perceptible impact on the geology or hydrology of the aquifer, the existing
~ hydrology of the aquifer near the project site does not make it less sus-
ceptible to potential water quality degradation from surface recharge than
areas located near the margin of the aquifer.
2.2 Ground Water Quanti ty
~ a. Existing Conditions
Water F1 ow
The USGS has calculated the rate of ground vrater flow in the aquifer
to be 960 and 350 cubic feet per second at the state line and in the Hill-
~ yard trough, respectively. Similar rates calculated in the Corps of Engineers
study viere 1,000 and 200 cubic feet per second, respectively. Preliminary
results of the "208" study indicate a lower flow rate, as previously indi-
cated.
~ 26
~
tJater LEVeI f'lu~ , oati nns i n tlel l 25/44_231D1 , 1931-77
80
1 _
~ 85
,
90 - _i -
1
95 -
100
1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939
~ 75 , 1 1 1 1 1 , , .
80 - ~ ~ -
¢ 85 \V
cr- ~ 90 ,
~ M
95 ~ -
° 100 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948
a
75 3 ,
~ ° 80 - -
W ~
m 85
W ~
90 -
LL.
z 95 - -
~ r
w 100 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958
r
a 75 3
0 80
85
ca 90 - `1
95 - -
~ loo
1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968
75 , • ~ '
80-1
~ 85
r
90 y
95 - ~
100
i 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977
We11 number 25/44-23D 1,
Depth 97 ft ,
Water use Irrigation
i 27
~
Recharge to and Discharge from the Aquifer1n
The aquifer is recharged by percolation of surface water runoff and
~ underflow from adjacent highlands, by percolation of preci,pitation, by
seepage from the Spokane River, by seepage from lakes whicFi lie adjacent
to the aquifer, and by percolation of irrigation water diverted from sur-
face water sources. The follotiving fiqure and table show the locations and
rate of recharge to and discharge from the aquifeflas estimated by the USGS
using the results from a number of prior studies.
~
In the highlands and hills which lie adjacent to the aquifer, precipi-
tation produces sma]1 stream$ which lose most of their water to infiltration
as they flow only short distances across the land area above the aquifer.
Coeur d'Alene, Pend Oreille, Spirit, Twin, Hayden, Hauser, PJewman and
Liberty Lakes are all adjacent to the aquifer. Part of the water that flows
• into these lakes is evaportranspired, diverted, increases storage or becomes
surface outflow, and part percolates into the ground and recharges the aqui-
fer. The average inflow to the aquifer from these adjoining areas totals
about 1,019 cubic feet per second, vrith about 800 cubic feet per second in
Idaho and about 210 cubic feet per second in 4Jashi'ngton. Direct recharge
from precipitation has been calculated to be 130 cubic feet per second (cfs)
• for ldaho and 50 cfs for I•lashington. These amounts represent that part of
the precipitation which is not lost as surface runoff or as evapotranspira-
tion and is therefore available for recharge to the aquifer. The aquifer
receives an average of about 80 cfs from the Spokane River between Post
Falls, Idaho and Greenacres, Washington. Additional recharge comes from
the Spokane River near Post Falls, Idaho where about 100 cfs is diverted
a from the river and used for irrigation. It is estimated that about one-
half of this amount recharges the aquifer. The above estimates give a
total of about 1,320 cfs.
The aquifer loses water to the Spokane and Little Spokane rivers at an
average rate of about 1,090 cfs. An additional ground water outflow of
~ about 55 cfs occurs at the downstream end of the aquifer near Nine Mile
Fa11s, Washington. Water use accounts for most of the remainder of ground
water discharge. Approximately 62 cfs of water in lJashinqton and 2 cfs of
water in Idaho are pumped from the aquifer and eventually discharged to the
Spokane River through municipal sewer systems. In addition, large quantities
of water are pumped from the aquifer and applied as irrigation water on the
~ land surface or are discharged to subsurface disposal systems, after domestic
or industrial use, where potentially part of the water returns, by infiltra-
tion, to the aquifer. '
Irrigation use of ground water averages about 31 cfs in blashington and
61 cfs in Idaho. Assuming a consumptive-use factor of 0.67, a total of 21
~ cfs in 6lashinqton and 41 cfs in Idaho are lost from the aquifer. 4Jater
pumped from the aquifer and discharged to cesspools or drainfields, or used
for domestic irrigation, averages about 74 cfs in Washington and 9 cfs in
Idaho. Using a consumptive use factor of 0.59, as calculated by Todd (U.S.
Army Corps of Engineers, 1976), total loss from the aquifer is about 44 cfs
in 4Jashington and 5 cfs in Idaho. These various pumping losses total 127
• cfs in 4Jashington and 48 cfs in Idaho, for a total pumping loss of 175 cfs,
~
;
~
~ 28
,
-
. ~
Qiillluw 1 LFI,I NU
R ^ ,111 nurnben in tuhu f'ei pe( vOWil 1 I ~
~ •
10 14- mlii dqwltr frikm aJjtamng 2rq j
+I / Y
Ruhiigt toth, yymfu t~ {
i r`
+ 1 - I~u~drgi Inrm Ilit aywfit ~
%ti.v :
Ih~~ luigt Innn 1-1 4'r t'N hiqe ti. I-1
,Illl MIll I x _ ~MUne Nn "quili r Ib-ugli IN \pi."ne i(k)
~
I nc \hle Prainc y ~ i ~
. ~ r i~ i,~„t Nr,irie
,h
^ ~ # lul,d Pwn mig Lu~+ ~ ,
1hh
m 1Y 01111elun +65
~ 12;
sn ;
C
Mllil' Ifl
p
! I r-1, 11 n.r
~
+ A
fi' I \ + 9
-110- H
ID, f mnlwoiid
J
N) \ Spo'kane O
Oli,Ord,tias ~
~ I .nu Se°
\hnr/I~~O ^ I ui,JkLt) ?.SO Y ~I •
v
SITE
i ~
I I I
u'o,a-v n" ' ;~.r 90 + 16
I r.M ~ ~ ql '
sm w~e n,e e 31 ~hntan snua~. n~e ~ j ,
:
+2 tiiiiii~ ' I)pporlumty
+is +?4 ~
Prcriprt.itwn • 3:nan.. ; Libejy lakc ~
a
yroKnNri\ ire%,tinii\AL
~ 4111W1R1 1.v 1pnI r8inIi irdlin 4 ~ l
+SO
i ~
~ Murmi Prune
0
v r >
a
v Q~ ~
¢ + AUUIfI.N UISCIIARI.I JRLUI,IRGC R,ITI~S '
E ~
e
~ lllli'llltlflf•9NIHHM IY,l,\'t S(IUIf(I l1SU ti
w r
\ . ~
0
ESTIrIATED AvERAGE RATES OF
RECHARGE TO APJD DISCHARGE FR0M
~ THE AQUIFER
Cubic Feet Per Second
Subtotal Total
RECNARGE
•
Flolv into aquifer from adjoining areas +1,010
Idaho +800
lqash i ngton +210
Precipitation minus evapotranspiration
on the land surface above the aquifer + 180
~ Idaho +130
Washington + 50
Seepage from Spokane River bett•reen Post Falls,
Idaho, and Greenacres, llashington + 80
Infl ow from surface-water di vers i on
(recharge by tirrater diverted from Spokane River
~ east of Post Falls, Idaho, and applied to land
surface above aquifer) + 50
TOTAL RECHAP,GE +1,320
~ DI SCHARGE
Seepage to Spokane River - 780
Greenacres to Trent, Washington -330
Trent to Spokane, tJashington -230
Spokane to Seven Mile Bridge, Washington -120
~ Seven-Mile Bridge to Nine-Mile Bridge,
Nashi ngton -100
Seepage to Little Spokane River between Dartford
and about 3 miles above its mouth - 310
Total pumping 1 oss i n Washi ngton - 127
Ground water pumped from aquifer and
~ discharged to Spokane River and Peone Creek - 62
Consumptive use of ground water (water
pumped from aquifer and removed by
evapotranspiration - 65
Total pumping loss in Idaho - 48
Ground viater pumped from aqui fer and
a discharged to Spokane River - 2
Consumptive use of ground water (viater pumped
from aquifer and removed by evapotranspiration) - 46
Ground water outfl oar bel ovi P1i ne-Mi 1 e Fal 1 s - 55
TOTAL DISCHARGE -1,320
~ CHANGE IN STORAGE 0
Source: United States Geological Survey (1978).
~ 30
~
The above estimates give an average rate of discharge of about 1,320
cfs. This is equal to the estimated average recharge rate. Recause no
long-tern change in storage within the aquifer has been observed within the
• past 50 years, based on water table fluctuations, it is assuned that a
state of near equi 1 i bri un exi sts i n the aqui fer.
Potential Recharqe from Sewage Disposal System Drai'nfields
As discussed above, based on US(;S estimates, 74 cfs in lqashington and
~ 9 cfs i n Iciaho i s pumped from the aqui fer and used for sevrage di sposal i n
drainfields or for domestic irrigation. Using a consumptive tise factor of
0.59 as calculated by Todd in the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers study, a
total of 30 cfs i n tJashi ngton and 4 cfs i n Idaho tivoial d be avai 1 abl e for
recharge to the aquifer. Of the 30 cfs in Washington, about two-thirds,
or 20 cfs, is the result oT2domestic irrigation, leaving about 10 cfs the
• result of sewage disposal. If all of the above were to, in fact, recharge
the aquifer it would constitute approximately three percent of the total
volume of water ivhich recharges the aquifer, or somewhat more if the lower
aquifer flow i,ate estimate by the "208" study is confirmed.
The literature to date continues to show a conflict over the probability
a of drainfields as an aquifer recharge source. A test dri'lling program was
conducted by J.W. Crosby of Washington State University from 1967 through
1970, to evaluate grouyg water and pollutant movement fron various sources
in the Spokane Valley. He found the soil to have a loiv natural moisture
content coupled with apparent high moisture tensions. These results led
him to suggest that soil moisture was not moving downward to the ground
• water table. In the final report of the reWts of the drilling program,
Crosby states as a conclusion of the study:
Further study of the moisture conditions in the Spokane outwash
gravels has strengthened the earlier conclusi'on (Crosby, et al
1968) that these deposits are generally in a highly stressed
• moisture condition. Ground water recharge cannot be demonstrated
as occurring in response to precipitation. Instead, it is sug-
gested that recharge is associated primarily vrith marginal streams
that discharge onto the outUrash plain maintaining saturated condi-
tions in the gravels for extended periods of time. Precipitation
is stored in the upper strata and apparently removed during the
• growing seasons. Dominant noisture movement is probably in re-
sponse to capillary and thermal gradients.
Further on in his conclusions Crosby states:
These writers postulate that drainfield waters may in the early • stages of field use percolate to depth. However, as organic
matters are formed as described by hlcMichael and McKee (1966),
Buter, et al (1954, and Calwell (1938), further deep percola-
tion is arrested and moisture movenent is predominantly lateral
in response to capillary forces. The initial moisture at depth
is raoidly dissipated as equilibrium is reestablished with the
• surrounding media.
~ 31
~
The investigations of Crosby et al have been criti'cized on the basis
that the samples from the drilling program were only taken during the summer
~ months when the rate of moisture removal by evapotranspiration would be the
highest. In addition, the Croshy studies reported no significant salt build-
up in the soil beneath drainfields, which could suggei~ that at some time of
the year any salt accumulations are flushed downward. Crosby attributes
the 10w soi 1 ni trate 1 evel s to deni tri f i ca ti on at depth. The moi sture
deficit in the soil with a lack of salt buildup appears to be contradict-
~ ory regarding the ultimate fate of the drainfield effluent.
In 1976, a report on the water resources of the metr?golitan Spokane
regi on was compl eted by the U. S. Army Corps of Engi neers . Thi s study i n-
cluded an analytical investigation by Todd of the drainfield percolation
mechanism to determine if this effluent could be reaching the ground water.
~ The purpose of the investigation was to determine from calculations of the
evapotranspiration mechanism whether moisture is available for percolation
under suburban development conditions after evapotranspiration needs are
satisfied. Todd came to the following conclusion based on the results of
the study:
~ An analysis of the evapotranspiration nechanism for urban
and suburban land use conditions in the Spokane Valley indi-
cates that a significant proportion of the leachate from sep-
tic tank drainfields, is available for percolation to the
water table of the ground water. The analysis of soil moist-
ure behavior is based on a conservative interpretation of data
~ and a conservative application of soil moisture transport tech-
nology. Notwithstanding the conservative approach, the analy-
tical results indicate a net surplus of leachate available for
percolation to ground water.
A monthly water balance for the Spokane Valley under generalized suburban
~ conditions (assuming an overall gross density of three residential units
per acre) developed for the above study is included in the folloviing table.
This water balance indicates that surplus water over and above potential
evapotranspiration is available from November through April. The total
average annual surplus was estimated to be 14.22 inches, and constitutes
41 percent of the total precipitation plus drainfield effluent.
~ The preliminary results of the ongoing "208" Irlater Quality hlanagement
program for the Spokane-Rathdrum Aquifer, being conducted dy Spokane County
in cooperation with the USGS, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and
the Washington State Department of Ecoloqy, have provided some positive
indications that the aquifer is in fact recharged by water applied to the
area overlying the aquifer. This data would indicate that sewage treatment
system effluents discharged to subsurface drainfields is a source of ground
water recharge. The preliminary data shows a defini-te strati'fication of
~ pollutants in the ground water at certain times of the year. This is a fac-
tor wfiich Todd, in the U.S. Corps of Engineers study, considered important
in identifying drainfield percolate as a source of ground water recharge.
Todd also used data indicating an increase in total dissolved solids as the
ground water flows westward under the areas served by septi,c tanks as con-
firr;~ation of his calculations showing recharge as pro6able. The preliminary
r
~ 32
~ • • ~ • ~ • • • • !
MONTHLY WATER QALAhlCE DATA FOR SPOKANE VALLEY UNDER GEPJERALIZEU SUQURaAN CONDITIONS
J F M A m J J A S 0 N D YR.
Preci pi tati on 3.15 2,04 1.70 1.10 1.83 1,44 .52 ,65 .91 1,74 2.40 2.52 20.00
Septic Tank
Effluent, in. 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1,19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 1.19 14.28
Potential
Evapotranspira-
tion, in. 0 0 0,61 1.71 3.14 4.38 5.61 4.18 3.15 1.61 0,46 0 25.51
Actual Evapo-
transpiration,
in. 0 0 0,61 1.11 3.14 4.10 3.55 2,85 2.26 1,67 0.46 0 20.35
Moisture
Deficit, in. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.28 2.06 1.93 0.89 0 0 5.16
w
W Soil Moisture
Storage, in. 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 4.88 3.41 1.55 0.85 0.69 1.95 5,00 5.00 -
Snow Pack
Moi sture
Storage, in. 3.15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.15
Total
Percolation,
in. 4.34 3.23 2.28 0.58 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.08 3.71 14.22
Source: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Study
~
data from the Spokane County "208" study and the USGS does show a moderate
increase in salt content of the ground water as it passes under the Spokane
Valley. Nowever, a much larger increase in salt content appears to occur
• as the aquifer passes under the City of Spokane and the area to the north.
Crosby has suggested that the increase in nitrate and chloride levels as
the aquifer flows westerly is due to "ygtural hydrogeological processes
and not to seepage from septic tanks".
Preliminary data also indicates that some areas near the margin of the
~ aquifer have higher salt concentrations than does the mai'n body of the aqui-
fer. Because of the lower flow rates and lack of mi,xing near the margin
the effect of surface recharge on ground water quality may be more easily
identified. The higher salt concentrations near the margin may be the
result of surface runoff from the adjoining hills and/or surface recharge
from the area above the aquifer.
•
4Jater Use
Esti mated vol umes of water pumpeci from the aqui fer i n 1976 by publ i c
water supply for domestic, irrigation and industrial purposes are shown on
the following figure. These e~~imates are derived from the USGS summary
• of data from previous studies.
Public water supply systems pumped a total of about 30 billion gallons
(128 cfs ) of water from the aqui fer i n 1976 for domesti c use. The major
part of the water (about 27.5 billion gallons) was punped i'n bJashington.
Al1 publicly supplied water used for domestic purposes by the population
• overlying the aquifer was obtained from the aquifer, except for a very small
portion (less than one percent of the total domestic use) which was obtained
from Hayden Lake, Idaho. Wells are presently being constructed alhich will
replace this surface water supply with additional withdrawals from the aqui-
fer. The major public water supply systems are listed in the attached table.
• An additional 22 billion gallons (92 cfs) of water was pumped from the
aqui fer i n 1976 for i rri gation and almost fi ve bi 11 i on gal 1 ons (19 cfs ) for
industrial uses. Diverted from the Spokane River in 1976 were about 24 bil-
lion gallons (100 cfs) for irrigation (near Post Falls, Idaho) and 10 billion
gallons (42 cfs) for industrial use (Kaiser-Trentwood cooling processes).
Virtually all of the water diverted by Y.aiser-Trentwood is returned directly
• to the river.
b. Probable Impact of the Proposed Action
Assuming an annual use of 15,000 cubic feet per residential unit, the
proposed project would result in the withdrawal of about 2.8 million cubic
~ feet of water annually from the aquifer for domestic, sewage disposal and
irrigation purposes. Of this total approximately 1.3 million cubic feet
per year would be used for sewage ciisposal and ultimately discharged to a
drainfield above the aquifer. The later tatal was derived assuming 2.0
persons per residential unit at a consumption rate of 200 gallons per day
. per residential unit for sewage disposal.
I
~
• 34
~
~
Su»ary of 7.utlic -a:~r-s.jN,.li y, s.e"o cvtainir.g vact. r fru-,) .1.r n,rjj f4.r
^ NaLer qualicy
Lrz;a_:;,n i., prux- A; pzox- i+um- j prce,e-:
c= inace irvice ter Che;u cal scarda:dn ~a:r:
~ tteme c: %atrr sycLc.rl ve:ls p~ptl- uaLer uae of SLanderde Nurnber tree:-
laeion :400 9emples exceedecf of rnent
eerved (n:1liona tested2 timea
in 1916 o•` exceeded
yallcna)
City of Spokane :5 ,_-3 180,000 15,6`vJ 35 Itcn 1 Chlo:.-
15"3-. o,:l na::.
• Modern Electric WaLe: Cc,r;~ar; 25,W0 1,7t,, 51 Ircn 6
17. 1° , 21 lbr.yenese 1 None
D..,aclved eolide 1
CI, of CorL r J.,l-o« :1,OU0
I:nicuorth water Uilicr.:c S: 474 13 Iron 1 hone
3'v
FaircAild Air :oL~e 1..5a 14,U00 7_7 ci Izcu 1 Crlc:.-
vera liiiqecfon U:5.:1C'. M1? :S 4.-15,:2, 12,000 0 37 F:on 2
« NitraCe 2 None
• Washinqccn NaLer Pc-i *2 e5,-20,:7,1d, 7,400 590 20 Iron 3
2~ CcNpez 1 Chlc-.-
Lead 1 ra:..
w+shinlcon batcr 4,uuJ 343 SO lron 5 Chlc:.-
Pherols 1 nat .
li.dcl Srtz~a::,,n Li-sict -lb c- ,e i o(}0 tj: 9 Iren 1
CIC~ UZ i . 1 l~Zt. ,'1o1 a31 .lE
lresi,.r.y. 4,:)OU 273 ti Irai 1 lYIIL: -
ra:..
Or, t,.,:a 1: t. et. 24 Mangenesr :
. A` ~ Pr,"nola 1 Nc%
Calrt.uop, l.iig,ttwl Ui i::ct :7 4,200 tL, k .;..ne 0 N.n.,
Tr,nt.c..J Lriyatt~ i Lji•iti a: oCu iron 1 Nc.,~
t;..cit. S,w~none irriyacion :~ie.isi.c te:a ' EiUU 2i1 S h*ne 0 t7er,
PJ
!a•.C aac.•c )iacii.t ol ',bUV 1~.1 I:o.ti 5 hcr.-
(~nbuli-facr.f lrr_.Jatfdn Uiacrict 2.),'.:l-17 2,700 13: 2 hpne 0 horc
A3~ (Lfr~dCiey}
%ast inq.on tr,,Lci Pa..r e117 _o'.,-0,10 2 , ,UJ ?v_ G trnn 1
14anqanese 1 hon-
• fiose Poinc Ac3oc3ar-,n Sli,-35, 3t 200 150 hoi.r
11:lCC:.:A5C71 liriyai iun •l0 25:.4-16 OOG 161 3 l701'e 0 Nor_
wneo:3dntta Biy:rscs 25/15-18 2,000 100 19 itan 1 Ncn,
ni5 (Cu,I.n)
PusaJ,ne Per1, I:r.ujet.":. D1aLt1_: :5~4-5,0 2,OOU 32 2 None 0 t:orL
a17
:rvin Water Dtstrict ab 25%:4-4,9 1,864) 40c 5 None 0 None
Tovn or rul►vuai :5,14.-5,7,8 1,80U 30 0 None 0 hone
Cc-ib;,lidatr,l Irr.yatjca ;i:Ic 20/40-31 i,500 72 18 Iran 2
F:•J (caaL Fai a,,) nangenese 1 hone
~ COIIbJIIddCCJ lrriyati.,•. i,L 2: 1,300 6; 2 :.one 0 hune
wlt'i (Ocin Orc.tarUn)
C_cj ot Rath.trum 521:-31 1,000 iol hitracc 2 l.onc
Pine villa Esttitc9 ,G'4-d 1,00U oC t.r,nL
U,sTttran wracrr :5 1,000 .4 2 None 0 ::one
l'cnaultaotru lrri .,L_,,r. :S87U .3 ? Iron 1 t:o^e
alti Iv,rot °.+eR .l
:ac, -r SI.n:it lo'.a Si -6 700 SV l.o:t.
taet Greenoc:au 51/E-29 50.) 38 ttcnr
!la..c,er I.ak.• ' !'S-19 b0n 40 None
Cu:,.1,doteJ Irriynticn 1,.,.LriZt :5; :,-11 510 :S 2 None 0 t7enr
• ♦Jy (Cicdarj
C.c1 oE A41,v1 53r3-9 330 50 None
Nof:m,r. NatLz ~ 50, 4-1 Sfti tU
None
Ho;•i, , Pinrs 51/3-23 ? 15 None
Lii.. tLy LMre Ut3licire Ca 25145-14 1; 240 13 17 Iro.n 2 Nore
Viev Eatacvl, 51 3-51 :OQ 13 None
Nor,y fLeilua Courc 5i11-23 15U 10 None
M-ah Irriaation Diat n ct 620 26/45-I5 140 7 4 Iron 1 Kon-
Pin'wndlP l4obilc Eetatea 52/4-22 125 8 i:onc
tiountain View 51/4-13 175 B NcrP
• Sun Atr Mobile 51/4-11 100 7 Non~
Couniry Living 52/4-2' 100 7 - fione
Heu• [er 50/0-4 100 7 Nonc
F►.►lla Kater Corporation 25/43-5 07 6 Q None 0 None
Howazd Mater 52/4-5 53 2 None
eunco ltaad aater 53/2-17 an 2 Nonr
Plea9ant Prairie 1►acer Company 26/44-32 33 S 2 lriczate 1 Nonr.
P3necrofC Hobile Ilo-nc Park 25/44-9 Clilcz:-
n1 ticr
Hidden Villaqe Estates 52/0-22 None
• VnM-z 'i`rin Lakea 53'5-36 t•o~~
p-ald Estates 51/4-12 Suidivision not yet complcted
Carivelle Corporation 51/4-21 Suhdiviaion not yet completed henc
1 A tev edditionel amall systems p:cbaDl% eYi= •hae are noi included in the baaie daca
2Data not available for ldaho
3 Cnernical etanderds ere exple+ined c-i pla:e 10
~ 35
~
The anticipated water consumption by this project represents a very
small percentage of the total flow from the aquifer and poses no threat
~ to existing supplies. The present ground water flow is capable of serving
more than double the population notiv being served.
A portion of the above vrater consumption may be available for recharge
to the qround water system. Using a consumptive use factor of 0.59, as
developed by Todd, 41 percent of the total water consumed would be available
~ for percolation into the ground water system. This would represent a total
of 1.1 million cubic feet per year, of which .7 million cubic feet per year
would be from sewage disposal systems. If this entire amount of water were
to percolate into the ground water it would represent an insignificant por-
tion of the total flow of the aquifer.
~ It is not anticipated, based on the above, that the proposed project
will have any perceptible effect on the quantity of g round water. The possi-
bility of ground water quality degradation as the result of percolation of
sewage treatment system effluent is discussed in the sections on ground
water quality and sewage treatment.
~ 2.3 Ground Water Qual i ty
a. Existing Conditions
Pursuant to section 1424(e) of the Safe Drinking Water Act19 the
Federal Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has designated the Saokane-
~ Rathdrum aquifer as the sole or principal source of drinkinq water for
approximately 338,000 people in a portion of northern Idaho and eastern
UJashington. The designated "sole source" area includes the aquifer re-
charge and streamflow areas shown above. The sole source designati2o for
the aquifer was based upon the following determinations by the EPA:
+ l. The Spokane Ualley-Rathdrum Prairie Aquifer is the
"sole source" of high quality drinking water for over 338,000
people including cities and toUrns and people using individual
wells. Current water supply treatment practice is limited to
minimal disinfection for some systems and no treatment for other
systems for drinking purposes, and there is no alternative source
~ of drinking water supply which could economically replace the
Spokane Val 1 ey-Rathdrum Prai ri e Aquifer.
2. The Aquifer is vulnerable to contamination through its
recharge zone primarily because the glaciated soils whicfi are
highly permeable. There is evidence of localiZed contamina-
tion from industrial sources and septic tanks. Since con-
~ tamination of a ground watPr aquifer can be difficult or im-
possible to reverse, contamination of the Spokane Valley-Rath-
drum Prairie Aquifer could pose a significant hazard to those
people dependent on the aquifer for drinking purposes.
The sole source designation will require projects vihich receive federal
~ financial assistance and have a potential for polluting the aquifer be
subject to a special EPA pre-construction revievr. The basis for the review
is whether or not the risk of contamination of the aquifer created by the
proposed2Rroject is sufficient to create a"significant hazard to public
health".
~ 36
0
Water Quality Standards
~ Federal standards for drinking viater quality have been established
by the EPA. The following table shows the maximum allowable contaminant
level (primary standard) and the proposed secondary standard for each po-
tential water quality contaminant. The primary standard establishes the
maximum allowable contaminant level for chemical consti'tuents of drinking
water which may affect the health of consumers. The secondary standards
~ are only guidel ines and deal wi th the aesthetic quali'ties of drinking water.
The inorganic constituent of primary concern in the aquifer is nitrates.
Excessive concentrations of nitrate in drinking water produce a bitter taste
and may cause physiological distress. The nitrate ton has also heen impli-
cated in the occurrence of inethemglobinemia (i.e., "Blue Qaby" syndrome).
A Heavy metal such as lead, copper, mercury, and cadmi'um can be toxic in
excessive concentrations.
Physical and Inorganic Chemical Characteristics
The available water quality data indicate that the aquifer generally
~ yields water of excellent quality. A surrmary of the chemical quality of
the water from the aquifer is included in the followinq table. Only those
constituents for which a federal primary or secondary standard have been
established are included in the table. This table represents a summary of
about 9,600 analyses from 400 ground arater sites located throughout the
aqui fer.
r
(1) Contaminant Levels in Excess of Drinking Water Standards
The maximum contaminant level of five of the eleven characteristics for
which aprimary water quality standard has been established (those that may
affect the health of consumers) have been exceeded in a small number of
~ samples from the aquifer. The maximum contaminant 1evel of barium, cadmium,
mercury, selenium, chromiurn and silver 4vere never exceeded. Flouride,
nitrate, turbidity, arsenic and lead maximum contaminant 1evels were ex-
ceeded in a total of 16 analyses, which constitutes less than one-half of
one percent of the analyses for these constituents.
The recorranended levels of eight of the 10 characteristics included in
~ the proposed secondary levels, which deal with those characteristics that
' may affect the aesthetic quality of i-rater, have been exceeded in a small
number of samples from the aquifer. The recommended levels of sulfate and
' foaming agents (detergents) were never exceeded. The recomnended levels of
; manganese, chloride, total dissolved solids, pEl, color, copper, and zinc
~ were exceeded in less than two percent of the samples. Iron exceeded the
I recommended level in almost eight percent of the samples tested. Proposed
' secondary levels were exceeded a total of 87 times (1.4 percent), from a
total of more than 6,300 tests. The following table lists the ground water
sites where the primary or proposed secondary drinking vrater standards have
! been exceeded.
(2) Historical Water Quality Trends
A tabulation of data from five ground water sites located in the gen-
' eral vicinity of the project site are included in Appendi,x B to this report.
~
,
~ 37
~
~ !IlATER QUALITY STANDARDS
Chemical Standards
axi mum Proposed
Constituent Contaminant Seconda2y
Level' Level
~ Iron 0.3 mg/L
Manganese 0.05 mg/L
Sulfate 250 mg/L
Chloride 250 mg/L
r Fluoride 2.0 mg/L
~Jitrate 10. mg/L
Total dissolved solids 500 mg/L
PN <6.5 or >3.5
~ Color
15 platinum
cobalt
units
Turbidity 1 to 5 JTU
Foaming Agents (detergents) 0.5 mg/L
•
Arsenic 0.05 mg/L
Barium l. mg/L
Cadmium 0.010 mg/L
~ Chromium 0.05 mg/L
Copper 1 mg/L
Lead 0.05 mg/L
" Mercury 0.002 mg/L
Selenium 0.01 mg/L
~
Silv?r 0.05 mg/L
Zinc 5 mg/L
Endrin 0.0002 mg/L
Lindane 0.004 mg/L
•
, Toxaphene 0.005 mg/L
Phenols3 0.001 mg/L
1 National Interim Primary Drinking Water Regulations (U.S. Environmental Pro-
~ . tection Agency, 1975). Primary regulations are those which deal with constituents
that may affect the health of consumers.
2National Proposed Secondary Water Regulations (U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, 1977). Secondary regulations are those which deal with the esthetic
qualities of drinking water. These are guidelines only.
~ 3Chemical standards for phenols are not included in the primary or secondary
regulations. Because of the frequent use of phenol by industries situated above
the aquifer, the available phenol data is included and referenced to the Public
Health Service (1962) recommended limit of 0.001 rng/L.
~ Source: United States Geological Survey.
38
`
~
Summdry of ground-water-qlaality data
Ch,-mical standards
Number Number Maximurn Proposed Nurnber Number Maximum
of of contam- seconda5y of sites of value
Constituentl sites sample. inant lecel exceeding samples observed
~ tested tested levelz (EPA chemical exceedinq
(EPA 1977) standard chemical
1975) stan(lard
Iron 212 758 0.3 mg/L 40 58 78 ngtL
Manganese 200 !00 0.05 mg/L 12 12 1.6 mg/L
~ Sulfate 168 596 250 mg/L 0 0 210 mg/L
Chloride 364 1,115 250 mg/L 1 4 >1,000 myi'L
Fluoride4 210 706 2 0 mg,"I. 2 2 3.2 mg/I.
Nitrate 247 940 10. mgiL 6 11 28 mg/L
Total dissolved
• solids 364 1,087 500 mg;I. 3 3 539 mg/L
pH 229 918 <6 S or >8.5 3 3 Range
6.2 to 9.4
Color 128 484 15 platinum 5 5 21 units
cobalt
units
• Turbiditys 139 462 1 to S JTtJ 1 1 10 JTLT
Foami ng Agents
(deLer,wnt9) 25 77 0.5 mg/L 0 0 0.1 mg/L
A rsenic 89 185 0.05 mg/L 1 1 0.064 mgjL
Barium 3 3 1. mg/L 0 0 0.070 mg/L
• Cadmium 112 336 0.010 mg/Y. 0 0 0.006 mg/L
Chromium 93 186 0.05 mg/L 0 0 0.03 mg/L
Copper 97 210 1 mg/L 1 1 5.2 mg/L
Lead 110 235 0.05 mg/L i 1 0 42 mg/L
Mercury 99 196 0.002 :-g/Y, 0 0 0.0002 mg,'L
• S°lenium 3 3 0.01 mg/L 0 0 <0.010 mg/L
Silver 3 3 0.05 mg/L 0 0 <0.005 mg/L
2inc 97 395 S mg/L 1 1 7.5 mg/L
Endrinb 17 17 0.0002 mg/L 0 0 <0.002 my,'L
Lindane 17 17 0.004 mg/L 0 0 <0.001 mg/L
• Toxaphe~e6 1-1 17 0.005 mg/L 1 1 0.060 mg/L
Phenols 24 77 0.00 mg/L 16 18 15 mg/L
~
Source: U.S.G.S.
•
39
~
• Kecotd9 of locacaone vhere coneciturnGe in yruund-voLer oami,!rs nave exteedud chemical ecendarde
Consticuenc Siie Date Site Dace Site Date
number eampled velLc number sampied Value nwriLer eamyled Value
Iron 25/42-llml 11-2:-65 a 58 cT3,'L 25/48-15E2 5-12-70 1 1 my/L 26/45-24F1 4-29-64 1 1 mq 2
25/43-23A1 5-07-70 43 12-14-71 32 -24F1 10-27-61 12
• 12-13-71 32 -17M1 7-02-75 40 4-29-64 bl
1-18-72 44 -27E1 7-17-72 30 -25c1 5-07-75 35
7-24-72 74 '-27L1 5-11-73 1 4 -34L1 4-27-71 1 0
9-14-72 70 -2EtL1 5-10-71 3a -3oN1 6-28-73 2 G
-24C1 5-13-70 62 -20A1 2-14-72 42 9-26-73 55
12-31-71 34 3-31-71 35 12-18-73 1 5
6-12-72 36 25/45-7P3 4-27-71 yJ 26/36-31n1 5-14-70 CI
-211.1 2-11-72 38 -1°Dl 12-13-11 34 12-14-71 00
3-31-72 46 -15R1 2-13-72 33 50/11-3MD1 6-23-76 78
25/44-3B1 10-09-75 38 8-14-72 32 50 :,-3HeA1 3-1E.-76 0 8
-8N1 5-12-7J 49 -1rR1 7-24-72 68 4-29-76 79
• -5J2 4-16-71 38 26/42-12L1 5-12-03 32 6-10-76 16
-11R 4-16-71 2 0 5-11,-75 32 51/5-29CAA1 5- -76 60
-12A1 5-01-75 31 26/43-6015 10-1n . 44 6- -76 50
-12D 5-01-75 .32 -6035 10-18-71 34 -31l,UC1 6-23-76 3 6
-1iN1 5-15-70 44 -19A1 7-09-75 34 -3'iBCD1 5-25-76 1 3
-11)E1 2-16-72 32 -3(jF1 9-30-70 60 53/2-3BAC1 10- -76 70
-31A1 5-28-75 31
Mnqaneec 25/42-1381 3-20-74 t) 14 ny,L 25/40-7C1 5-14-70 u52 mq/L _0/.3-884 5-12-64 0 46 rsig'L
25/43-12H1 6-19-72 JO -15E1 7-02-75 Oo0 26'3e-31rtl 5-14-70 060
• 25/43-1J1 11-05-75 1 0 -2t.11 5-22-72 060 50f3-3AA1j1 b-23-76 14
-6A1 10-10-72 052 26142-12L1 5-15-75 060 54:2-34 S-Ue-71 21
Chloride 2b/43-34P1 5-24-55 310 rg/L
5-:5-55 470
b-13-Si 700
6-24-55 >1,000
Fluoride 25/44-26L1 12-13-71 2.7 rcy1L 52/4-2CDC 3-07-14 3 2 cn3l2
Niczate 25/44-:6L1 11-04-70 16 rnq,'L 52/4-31CA81 7- -75 2o mq/L 54l2-J~.AC1 10- -75 13 cog/L
• (aa N) 2-14-72 11 52/5-25DCD1 7- -75 28 3- -76 12
26/44-3201 9-27-71 11 54/2-34CAC1 8- -75 23 9- -76 11
51/4-3588A1 10- -76 11 10- -76 20
Total 25/44-201 6-10-74 537 a7/i. 25/44-17AL i.-Ob-74 539 m4 'L 5]'4-27t]AC1 C• -75 508 aq/L
3ies.J ved
eu ltaa
pFl 25/43-24G1 5-13-70 8.8 units 25/45-1dN1 10-:_-Sy 9 o unica 2t/43-20.72 12-26-62 9.0 unics
• Colorl 25,1144-4J1 5-04-71 21 P,-1 25/44-tfD1 4-15-71 17 PN 26/44-32ti1 5-05-71 20 PN
Skl 5-14•71 20 -iFiJl 5-10-71 16
Tuzbidity2 26/43-601S 1-17-73 10 JPU
Arern►c 2b/43-781S 9-26-73 0.064 mg/!.
Copper 25/44-29A1 9-14-72 5 2 rog/L
Lead 25/44-25A1 9-14-72 p 42 ay/L
' Zinc 52/4-17ABC1 8- -75 7 S my/L
Toxephend 26/42-12A1S 9-26-73 0 060 mg Z
Phenola 43-14K1 6-27-73 0 002 mg 1. 25/44-19D1 It-26-73 0 002 mg.2 26/42-27N1 6-29-73 0 012 my.7
15/40-1J1 11-17-75 15 25/45-4C! r.-Oa-74 002 26/33-SL1S 6-29-73 002
-201 6-27-73 .007 -1',' 1 -73 U03 -7B13 6-29-73 004
6-1U-74 .002 3o/42-I1J1.. L-27-73 005 -16P 6-10-74 .002
-7C1 9-25-73 002 -1_A1S e-2y-73 003 26!45-35P1 6-28-73 .003
-18ll2 6-27-73 .002 9-26-73 004 -36Gl 9-26-73 .002
. 1 PN - plaunum-eobalt unic9
2.TfU = JacAaun lurbidity unics
/
' Source: U.S.G.S.
~ 40
Np3
I ^
N'I LI I SI Fl A1'h
Mn CLR 49 ~i-Fe,,, (
O I
I : ;.IU'~1\~14AI N~t~li
sr~ 50
I ; Qn'
Rivr CLR 48 Mn
TDS PN
< o PN
n0 i
~ 51 pN ~ R, :Fe Fe
~
F@
overvra 52 ~ .
53~ ~e SITE~~ 4 ~ Fe
x a
; rHE.,.rAVi~ tr.-'o PN
w r
~ _ -
. ~ I u o
m ~
~ pN A,~I F-i
~
SPO AN CLR ~ Fe In Fe
SPRAGUI.r\'E ~ 1PItAft'1 AVI' ~ ~I9l1t,1 I AVI
I 90 ~ I Fe ~ DISHMAN 01'I'ORl'UNIT1' VI kA1)1LI.
Fe PN o
' PHL . ~ z
o ~
~ ~ Mrla~a u ii~i yai6ly ult
~ Fg J, ^ 5 t
a anJl~n~iumnamhii
' C
y1 Fe=
f C
~ 171hArc I • ~ s
Y l^_ ~ : liK'luni. ~~hit~ uiiunJ welvl
~ p0 vLA ~ y (~UII111 hl~t\IVIYIIYI li11I1111.1I
W I= < n~ m Fe '~I nulnd~ tl Ir iJ umt
I E r-
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ i ~ • i~~,~~
a
Fe F
~ Fe
" GLCNROSE I t i ~nim'u,
:91n Ave ~ J. ud n,1 I I iu~,nd~
> >W An N03 .0 ,,lfw~
I ~ z ~ II~ I~~iJdi~uA~t4~duli
~ (jkouNu wArt.It uunLi iv SlANUntius
VIOLATION SITkS f "
o ~ ~ W lnppn
( cc
F ~ I'h I ud
I C ~ J
~ ~ P\ I'h~nuh
~N l
WlhAvt 4a1i,n,~
- - h , ~ ~~.,~e
uni,i
~ FIA h'UK 1 H 1- ANllI N1UV, INt $OURC I. U$ G$
rr~~iwmir~
( ontulranit w tririrwirneutal armlysis, pldwiinR.
\ /
~
This tabulation includes all available data on the chemical quality of the
water fron these sites. Sample results from the Spokane County "208"
~ Water Quality P1anagement Program through June of 1978 are included as is
data through December 1977 from the on-going USGS sampling program. De-
tailed comnarison of this data fram one time to another may be misleading
because changes in sampling and analytical methods over the years have
generally improved the accuracy of the restilt. Data reported prior to
1970 is of less value tnan that reported subsequent. The data considered
~ most reliable are the "208" study results reported b,y the laboratory at
Washington State University and the~~results of~~the on-going USGS monitoring
program. The 208 study reported field data is less reliable because
it is generally the result of less accurate and reliable analytical methods.
In its interim report the "208" study reports significant deviations between
nitrate levels in duplicate samples run at 4Jashington State University and
~ the field results reported by Spokane County. Statisti'ca1 correlations have
been developed which makes this data useful for comparative purposes.
The available water quality data from arells in the vicinity of the
project site show that while the concentration of any one chemical consti-
ttaent may vary from sample to sample at a particular site, no long term
~ trends of changing water quality are apparent. A simila~2conclusion was
reached by the USGS in its recent report on the aquifer. Recent unpub-
lished reports by the "208" program indicate that some historical trends
may exist.
(3) Water Qual i ty Variati ons Wi thi n the Aqui fer
~ In general there is little change in the quality of the ground water
from sampling points near the Washington-Idaho st25e li'ne to the outlet
springs north of Spokane except for salt content. The avai`lable data
indicates that there is a moderate increase in salt content i'n the aquifer
as it passes from the state line through the Spokane area. The following
~ table shows a generally increasing concentration of salts at selected cross-
sections of the aquifer progressing from east to west. Conductivity, ni-
trate and chloride concentrations for the various cross-sections of the aqui-
fer based on data from the on-going USGS study are shown on the following
figure.
~ This data shows a very slight increase in salt content as the aquifer
passes under the Spokane Valley from state line to about Opportunity. Over
this section nitrate levels increased from .9 mg/1 to 1.2 mg/1 while con-
ductivity (a general indicator of dissolved solids) increased from 281 to
292 micromhos. From the area near Opportunity to the east city limits of
Spokane the quality of the ground vrater, in terms of salt content, improves
~ somewhat. Over this section conductivity, chloride and sulfate levels all
decreased slightly while nitrate levels remained about constant. The inter-
im report of the "208" Water Quality rlanagement Program indicates that this
improvement in ground water quality near the east city limits of Spokane
may be due to influence from the Spokane RiverZ4which discharges to the ground
water along the Upriver Dam backwater area. The most substantial in-
~ crease in salt content occurs between the cross-section at Parkwater and the
one at the north city limits of Spokane. Over this section conductivity,
1
42
•
• . . • • • • • ~ ~ ~
Uariation in Grouncl l,Jater Ouality at Uarious Aquifer Cross Sections
Contaiiiinant State Line Otis Orchards Qpportunity Parkwater Narth City Limit
Canductivity,
micromhos 281 255 292 257 360
Hardness,
mq/1 as CaCO 3 148 143 155 141 204
Chl oricie,
ing/1 .92 .99 2.1 1.6 4.4
Nitrate,
i»g/1 .93 1.04 1.2 1.2 2.6
Sulfate,
W m9/1 11.8 12.2 12.5 12.4 20.9
Approxii»ate distance
froi>> State l ine,
in miles (l 4,0 8.0 11.0 17.0
Saurce: U.S.G.S. monitoring data, 5/77 through 12/77.
l j
~ r.+t so~~swe ve~~ ~r / •
- f`
1 \ ^ •
rar~~vry' ~ / 28 I
~ 93
\ipt. INIIli ~ \IC id 6ti0ne Ra 93 o
li%r Mhlc Prainc ~ I'Icwnt Pr.unc ~
364 .
5.«nM dc 44
2l:
~ I 6 . ~ i55
2
• l I
Ap) /
pt
i iia
MIIIC III At fl~
r`
~ L r R I IJ
"'.lz +~rn~~~ nre A
25
J 1 ,
~ I v
H
1 ? P~tiadu,i i'u}. Irenlwund
- - - pI Q t~~
S o ~kand , ~ ► ' a, O
I ~
4t:b lhllwnnd ' i
e Va I I •
" ~ II11111i1D ~L
- , z
/ I PA ~ I II I fl~a~nwavnr< I ` ~ ,
1rn~I e
DI\11111 l)l I I
p~ Sw+9ueAv~
Sur ni An 37
N +
a(1ppUilUnlit' I
i
C3 / ~ I ~ \ I ~ I~t(JIIJII' ~
ya , ~ • I.dicrl~ L~Ac I
~ '~n n ~ (.Ik nfoNL
11'l1AA\1 I\II X\,111U ~A1
~ ,11RPIIHI ,I~D,~ I •r`\ ~ ~ 1
~ ' - I Vr1R1r1110N IN (.ROUNU IV,1 I LR QU,ILITY ,1T
VARIOUS AQUIFkR CIZOSS-SLCI IUNS
Mnran Nrnnc
~u
N a~
0
a Po 245 I.113Jui411kty
a' 22lhluiiJ~
n + c
21 \.IrAt
° I~5 I
.lqwln l iw viiam
~ 4 \
~ HAlJC1RIN 6 9NUFRC(hY, IN['
Consufmnts in anruonmenial arialyiis, plmmmg, crwiomirs ~ ~(M %IIIF~ SOUItCC U SG S I)'iIa, 5/77•I:f71
r
e
\ ~
• ~ • • • • • • • • •
\
1 ~ .
(
O 1
9 nnl ,onkane rae o~ 4 I~ri(lilh lpruiy~
i Mhtl,-tlltJ
~ O _ 5 Nhil~~inlh ~ 1
~
P~rw N ~
1 NnGililpnnM
Ninc 11dc \I~,iJ w- ne r tn~r ~ s .
fi~e 1111e Prainc ~ Plel+ant Prvnc 40 NmJ~nmrc ~pnnfh
~rl 4 Ili 2ilylJdMlnn1
~ • ~uwmorna ua ~ I 1Uu1~ N II ~
ScvinDldc I , f I 12I 211RIJi1 u11uA
10
O
Is (11) 11
'0r!•Jn A,. 1t, 12
M
~ I I PawdL na I'vl, f re nlwo4 id ~5 •
~ S o k n I~ J' I Uo„,, U, ~ , o --~3
~ . ~ o Oliti(ir.barJ, 1~`
Ut '~a I a I ' - - ' a~o ~ S C
~ ~l I
illu~oud I
.
tlll,lllll) Sp k e VaI I 16
Q
Ilro~n».r nve
l~~nl P,a c ~ ~I '
Sur•oueP.. o~ ~1it11111,111 I I Snrio- nvn I %
N 1
; ~ ~o ~ ` I a o o •
Upporlwlll)
t
~ . o \ I F \'C r,iJalL ~
I v O , \A.
791n ana ~~~lflfOtii' S90KAhF I.YII RNATtONAI, u I 5 ~
N
IVltPORI ,~ollY' •V O ~
Mi~rmi Pr~ine
~ N o
~ / :o~• ~~~.LUU►~~
~ D
Q
A\'I It \(J. 101 1L NI I I2,1TI mg'l
Y u
ILmc I977 -Iktendw 19171
1
h
a
u.i au i
\ '000ol/
,0
nitrate chloride and sulfate concentrations all show an increase. Nitrate
concentrations increase from 1.2 to 2.6 mg/1 and chloride levels go to
• 4.4 from 2.1 mg/1.
The ground water quality data from the on-going USGS study of the
aquifer used to show the variation in ground water quality at selected
cross-sections af the aquifer is included in detai'1 in Appendix B to this
report. A similar analysis which has been made by the "208" Water Quality
Management Program using "208" field data results, which generally confirm
~ the observations made above, is also included in Appendix B.
The source of the increase in salt conc:entrations as the aquifer passes
through the Spokane area is undetermined at this time. Crosby has noted
that some increase in dissolved solids concentrations could 6e expected due
to natural geologic and hydrologic mecfianisms. This would include the possi-
~ bility that some salts may be dissolved from the soil materials that the
aquifer passes through. This explanation is supported by the lack of any
long term trends in water quality noted above. Surface recharge from the
hills adjoining the aquifer or from the area above the aquifer is another
possible explanation.
• The USGS and the Spokane County "208" Waste Water Managenent Program
in their on-going monitoring program have collected and analyzed a large
number of ground water samples from depth selective wells. These wells
allow the collection of ground water samples at various levels below the
surface and provide data on the variability of ground water quality with
depth. The depth selective samples are co1lected 6y the "208" study staff
~ htjt are analyzed independently bv both the "208" proaram and the USGS. The
location of the depth se1ective ground water monitoring sites are shown
i n the fol 1 ovii ng fi gure.
The results of the depth selective sampling during the June-December
1977 period indicate that the ground arater generally i's of uniform quality
a over depth. Of the 13 monitoring sites only two showed any i*ndication of
stratification of contaminants. The most clear cut exception occurred at
site 25/44-17R1 (Balfour Park). At this site depth selective samplings were
made by the USGS on four separate occasions. The results are shown in
Appendix B. The samples collected on October 10, 1977 indicated definite
stratification of salt content. Chloride concentrations were found to
~ vary from 6.4 mg/1 near the top to 1.7 mg/1 at depth. The results of
; the depth selective sampling and analysis during the January-June 1978
period showed some stratification of pollutants at alnost every monitoring
site. At any particular site it appears that the stratification of pollu-
tants is seasonal in nature indicating that recharge to the aquifer in these
areas occurs seasonally. This data supports the conclusion that the ground
~ water is recharged by surface and subsurface effluents discharged over the
aquifer. This stratification may also be due to the infusion of relatively
salt-free water from the Spokane River into the aquifer at certain times of
the year.
Coliform Bacteria
~
A large number of bacteriological tests have been run on ground water
, samples from the aquifer and the results are included in the files of the
~ 46
1
/ ~
1 \ / '
l
l95
~ ~ I I11 ~I~
f a II~tlliilNl\I '
/ Mt ;o~~+~• a". V.
G` t ttll'lll I 1 1 l l I 111
d
,,,~~.~'lHh ,
o„N ,V.Y f u r%uk
Nmc AWc 9
i~~~d~ , i'eone L\IIIN
11 AI I\il ~ •
. I:i%c NLlc Prauic ~ Pic i.~inl Pr.unc u i Hi m\
I ~ awinn~ne Wa / j ~ I
i ~ _ k ,i n( iu. ~
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P,lSJIItOdI',u4, 1it ntwaaJ H
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7~ Cr
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AIRPORI v~ 4'~y o
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90 w, ~ GROUNUIY 1TI.1( TCCi MTI S
a ~
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° f95
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h ~
~ rrauW,a ix t~ 4A'hl k1~hv, .,~c SUtiRU. U S c~ S
C:UriJUlfursll iii phirauig k1111 ~
•
\ /
,
Washington State Department of Social and fiealth Services and the Spokane
County Health District. No sumunary of these data is presently available.
PJo attempt was nade to tabulate these data as part of this report because
~ the vast majority of analyses reflect the sanitary conditions of the wells
and distribution systems and generally are not indicative of the bacterio-
logical quality of the aquifer.
Coliform bacteria have been identified in water samples from the aqui-
fer at a number of sites. In the past at least four cases of coliform °
~ bacteria problems have reportedly occurred. In these above cases, it is not
known if the observed coliform bacteria ►,►ere nresent because of contanina-
tion of the ground water or because of poor well construction.
A larqe number of coliform bacteria analyses have been run as part
. of the Spokane County "208" Waste 4later Planagement Program. The results
of these coliform bacteria analyses have been consistently negative. Pre-
liminary results indicate some coliform bacteria has been identified at
Edgecliff West. The cause of the contamination is unknown.
b. Probable Impact of the Proposed Action
~ The impacts of development of the proposed apartment complex on
ground water quality may result from the following sources: (1) waste water
collection, treatment and disposal facilities; (2) storm water drainage;
(3) solid waste disposal methods; (4) chemical transport storage and use;
and (5) disruption and covering of soil due to constructi'on activities.
~ Percolate Dilution
As noted above the Spokane-Rathdrum aquifer is a very dynamic ground
water system. It has an estimated average flow rate of 1,320 cfs and moves
at an average velocity of about 100 feet per day. The potential recharge
, of the aquifer that would occur from waste water disposal drainfields and
precipitation over the aquifer is a very small percentage of the total
aquifer flow as noted in the previous section. Any contaminants that are
carried to the ground water by percolation of these waters would be subject
to substantial dilution. First, drainfield effluent waters would be diluted
by the relatively pure water applied to the surface area above the aquifer
~ by precipitation and domestic irrigation. In addition,to this dilution that
occurs as the result of percolation of precipitation and irrigation water,
the entire percolate ari11 be diluted as it reaches the ground water and is
mi xeci vri th the mai n fl ow of the aqui fer.
Waste IJater Collection, Treatment and Disposal
S The following section on Sewage Treatment discusses the probable en-
vironmental impacts from project related waste water collection, treatment
and disposal facilities. This includes a discussion of the probable impact
on ground water quality.
' Storm 4Jater Drainage
As discussed in other parts of the G14IE, the surface water runoff
from the project site will be disposed of on-site through the use of a
~ 48
~
system of catch basins and dry wells. No provisions are made for the treat-
ment of surface water drainage. It can be expected that surface water run-
off from the nroject site will contain minor amounts of some ground water
~ contaminants. These would include suspended solids, petroleum based hydro-
carbons, di ssol ved i norgani c sal ts (for exampl e 1 awn anci garden ferti 1 i zers )
and herbicides and pesticides used for domestic purposes. The majority
of the contaminant are subject to substantial removal as the storm water
percolates through the soil column above the ground water. Soil systems do
not generally retain anions including nitrate, chloride, sulfate and bi-
~ carbonate. These dissolved inorganic materials will move with the percolate
waters and may pose potential for ground water contamination.
Sol i d 6•Jaste Di sposal
~ As noted in the section on solid waste dispos'al below, it is estimated
that the proposed project vrill generate approximately 400 tons of solid
waste per year. Disposal of this solid waste wotald occur at existing County
managed sanitary landfills. The majority would be di'sposed of at the County
landfill at Mica, 6Jashington. It is not anticipated that the solid waste
generated by the proposed project would generate any significant or unusual
amount of toxic waste. If the proposed sewage treatment facility is operated
~ and maintained by Spokane County it is probable that the sludge from the
treatment plant will be disposed of at this site. The Mica landfill site
is shown on the following map. It is not located over the aqui,fer recharge
area but is located in the designated streamflow area. This landfill takes
place in an abandoned clay open pit mine site. This clay surface around
the landfill forms an impervious surface which provides a barrier to leaching
~ of polluted water from the landfill site. Leachates f rom this landfill
site do not pose any threat of ground water contamination.
Chemical Storage, Transport and Use
A Space heating within the proposed project site will be exclusively
by natural gas or electricity. It is not anticipated that any on-site
storage of fuel oil or petroleum products will occur on the project site.
Thus, a threat to ground water quality from the accidental spillage or
leakage of these materials does not exist.
~ It is anticipated that by its very nature the proposed project would
result in the use of fertilizers, pesticides, and herbicides for domestic
yard and garden use. These materials while potential ground water pollu-
tants, would not be used intensively enough to pose a threat to ground water
quality.
Proxi mi ty to Water Suppl.y Wel 1 s
•
The project site and proposed drainfield location are not in close
proximity to any existing purveyor well or any known private well. The
closest purveyor well is located more than one-half mile from the project
site. Because of the size of tfie project, the fact that it is located cver
• the main body of the aquifer where flow is high, and the lack of proximity
to known wells it is not anticipated that project related effluents will
have any perceptible impact on the water quality of wells in the area. ,
l
~ 49
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2.4 Sewage Collection, Treatment, and Disposal Facilities
a. Existing Conditions
•
In 1976 water was pumped from the aquifer at a rate of about 146 cfs
for domestic and industrial uses. After being used, about 64 cfs (44 per-
cent) of this water was treated in municipal or industrial sewage treatment
plants and then discharged to surface water bodies. Of the remaining 83
cfs, about 43 cfs (33 percent of the pumpage) was lost to evapotransnira-
a tion. (See the section on recharge to and discharge from the aquifer.)
This leaves about 34 cfs (23 percent of the pumpage) which returns to the
aquifer through an assortment of waste water disposal faciliti'es.
Interim sewage treatment facilities processed about five of the 34 cfs
of waste water. These interim facilities are generally small systems which
~ collect, treat, and dispose of waste water generated at apa rtment complexes,
shopping areas, mobile home parks, housing developments, educational institu-
tions, recreational areas, military installations, motels, and hotels. These
systems are not considered to be permanent and may be replaced in the future
by extensions of existing sewer systems or by more elaborate small systems.
The treatment processes utilized at these interim facilities are activated
• sludge, both extended aeration and conventional, and stabilization lagoons,
some of which are provided with supplemental mechanical aeration (U.S. Army
Corps of Engineers, 1976). The effluent from these systemsis ultimately
discharge d to drainfields, lagoons, or seepage ditches.
Tndividual household systems disposed of the remaining 29 cfs of waste
• water. The three basic methods of individual treatment and disposal employed
in the area overlying the aquifer include cesspools, septic tanks with drain-
fields, and aerobic treatment units with drainfields. The vast majority of
individual systems consist of septic tanks with drainfields (U.S. Army Corps
of Engineers, 1976). The following figure shows the distribution of the
various types of waste water treatment systems located above the aquifer in
w the vicinity of the project site.
b. Probable Impact of the Proposed Action
As discussed in the section on ground water above, no definitive con-
clusions can be reached regarding the possibility of waste water Percolation
~ to the ground water. However, the available data does give strong indica-
tion of percolation reaching the ground vrater thus in assessing the probable
impact of the proposed waste water disposal system the assumption that
waste water percolate does reach the aquifer will be made.
Effluent Quality
•
The proposed project will result in the disposal of a treated waste
water effluent to a subsurface drainfield located above the aquifer. When
the project is fully developed it will result in the generation of approxi-
mately 70,000 gallons of waste water per day. Using a consumptive use
factor as developed by Todd, 41 percent of this volume would be available
~ for percolation into the ground water system. Thus, it is possible that
• 51
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~
30,000 gallons per day of Uraste water percolates into the aquifer. The
cheriical constituents of the treated waste water are potential contaminants
of the ground water. A summary of the effl uent qual i ty af the proposed
• septic tank system compared to the typical effluent quality package treat-
ment system is shown on the following table. In general, the effluent
quality from the activated sludge systems is improved over the septic tank
system. While neither systern is effective in removing natrients (nitrates,
phosphates, and other dissolved salts) the acti'vated slucige system is much
more effective than septic tanks in removing total suspendeci solids, bio-
• logical oxygen demand and coliform bacteria. However, after percolation
of the effluent through a soil column, there would be no significant dif-
ference in the quality of water from either system.
Effluent Treatment in Soil Biosystems
• The quality of the potential effluent reachi,nq the aquifer from a sub-
surface drainfield will be improved over the quality of the effluent dis-
charqed to the drainfield because of biochemical treatment mechanisms that
occur as the effluent passes through the soil column a6ove the ground water
level.
• The mechanisms by which pollutants are removed from effluents appligg
to soilsystems are numerous and interdependent. As Spyridakis and 14elch
note:
the overall process is very complex because
of the large number of variables involved. the fate
• of waste water materials in soils is determined by a 1arge
number of processes, including physica1 retention, a6sorb-
tion on solid surfaces, plant and microbi'al uptake, micro-
bial degradation, volatilization, 1eaching, chemical break-
down, and precipitation.
i Most suspended solids are removed from treated effluents before they
are applied to subsurface drainfields. This is necessary to reduce or
eliminate clogging of the soil. Suspended solids which are passed to
drainfields are primarily fine, organic solids which are removed in the
top several inches of soil by physical filtration or absorption. After re-
moval they are degraded by soil micro-organisms in much the same manner as
• soluble organics.
Under conditions of proper hydraulic and organic loading, soluble
organics (60D) are taken up by soil nicro-organisms and converted to carbon
dioxide, water, new cell material and a complex, relatively stable array
of organic compounds known as soil humus.
!
Soil systems are also very effective in removinq trace metal cations.
Trace metals which are of concern include zinc, copper, nickel, cadNum and
lead. Mechanisms which have been proposed for the removal include.
(1) Absorption by silicates at soil particle surfaces through sur- ,
• face absorption, surface complexion formation, lattice pene-
tration, and ion exchange; ,
~ 53
~
~ ESTIMATED EFFLUENT QUALITYI
Incoming Effluent from Treatment Process, mg/L
Waste !4ater Activated Sludge- Septic Tanks
~ Constituent (mg/L) Extended Aeration
Total 225 . 1 0 50
Suspended
Solids
~ BODS 220 15 100
NN3 as iV 25 2 25
Nitrate as N - 28 -
, Organi c P-J 15 - 5
Total Pli trogen 40 30 30
Phosphate 10 8 8
~ Fecal Coliform 2
(#/h1L) 1500-5500 210 1500-5500
1 Adapted from references 6, 7, and 8 of Appendix A.
•
2Assumes effluent is disinfected.
~
~
a
~ 54
~
(2) Metal fixation and absorption by organic matter;
(3) Surface absorption or surface precipitation on carbonates
~ and/or silicates;
(4) Precipitation as a discrete oxide or hydroxide; and
(5) Bioloqical uptake and immobilization.
In general, removal efficiency of trace metals may range from 9529ercent to
99 percent depending on the nature and depth of the soil column.
~ As previously noted, traditional secondary treatment systems do not
efficiently remove the primary nutrients: phosphorous and nitrogen. Drain-
field disposal of treated effluents may provide pa rtial removal of these
nutrients and therefore decrease the potential for ground water contamina-
tion, or if the percolate eventually reaches surface waters, eutrophica-
~ tion.
Phosphate removal is accomplished by physical/chemical retention by
soil constituents; as well as uptake by cover crops, and removal from the
site by crop harvest. As organic materials are degraded, complex phosphates
are ultimately changed to simple (ortho-) phosphates. Orthophosohates react
~ with the iron, aluminum, and calcium present in nearly all soils to form
very insoluble phosphate salts. These reactions may involve cations free
in the soil water which results in precipitation or the reaction may occur
at the surface of soil particles vrhich is termed adsorption. Physical-
chemical removal of phosphates increases as the depth of the soil column
increases and as the clay content of the soil increases. Clays are very
~ fine mineral soil particles with very high surface area/volume ratios. They
are thus, very29 eactive. Exnected phosphate removal will range from 85
to 99 percent.
Nitrogen removal is somewhat more complex than phosphorous removal and
the least understood. P-1ost of the nitrogen in the traditional septic tank
~ effluents is present as ammonium. Activated sludge-extend aeration system
effluents, on the other hand, contain primarily nitrate. Nitrate (an
anion) is very mobile in percolation waters, while armionium (a cation) is
retained strongly by soil particles. The ammonium ion (PdH4+) may be held
temporarily by physical/chemical mechanisms similar to those which retain
orthophosphate. In alkaline soils a small portion of the ammonium ion will
~ be converted to ammoni a(NH3 ) whi ch may, i n turn, escape as a gas. The re-
maining ammonium is readily oxidiZed to nitrate (N02+) and nitrate (N03+)
ions by a group of aerobic soil bacteria. These anions, as well as the
nitrite and nitrate originally present in the irrigated effluent, are not
well retained by the soil and move, in solution, with the irrigation waters.
They may, however, be removed, in transit, by several mechanisms. Nitrite
~ may be cherlically denitrified to gaseous nitrogen (N2) and oxides of nitro-
gen (N0 ) which subsequently escape to the atmosphere. Secondly, nitrate
and nitNte anions may be biologically converted to gaseous nitrogen (N2)
by denitrifying bacteria. These bacteria are anaerobic. Although little information appears to be available on the efficiency
~ of these mechanisms, it is probable that they are only partially effective
in reducing drainfield nitrogen. This is apparent for a couple of reasons.
First, drainfield effluents are injected 14-36 inches below the soil sur-
face. This places them out of the most biologically active soil horizon, '
~ 55
~
the top soil. Secondly, and probably most importantly, drainfield applica-
tions are not carefully controlled and optimal conditions for denitrifica-
~ tion are not mairitained.
Soil systems do not generally retain anions including, in addition to
nitrate, ciilorides, sulfates and bicarbonates. These dissolved inorganic
materials riiove with the drainage Hrater and may pose a potential for ground
water contamination.
~ Bacteria and viruses are removed from the treated effluent as it per-
colates through the soil. Natural filtrati,on i's the primar,y mechanism of
removal. Crosby, in his studies of tht aquifer also conc1udes that the low
moisture content of the outwash alluvium provides an environment which is
not conducive to the survival of bacterial organisns. Crosby reoorts that
~ the deepest level 26 bacterial organism observed was at the 117foot level
below the surface. Because of their si'ze, viruses a re generally trans-
ported to a greater depth than bacteria. Qecause the depth to the water
table is greater than 100 feet in most of the aquifer, and i'n excess of
60 feet in the area of the project site, penetration of bacteria and viruses
to the water table is unlikely.
~ In summary, effluent disposal in a subsurface drainfield can be viewed
as a method of tertiary treatment (i.e., polishing of secondary effluents
by decreasing the concentration of organi'c contaminants, nutrients, patho-
gens, and heavy metals). Anions, such as nitrate, chlorides, sulfates and
bicarbonates are generally not removed in secondary treated effluents and
, are only partially removed as the waste water passes through the soil column
above the ground water table. As such they pose the most significant poten-
tial for ground water contamination from the proposed waste water treatment
system.
Sludge Disposal
~ Sludge from the proposed waste water treatment system must be pumped
and disposed of periodically. This sludge is raw and if not properly
handled could pose a public health problem.
Odor
r A septic tank system may result in obnoxious odors when not properly
operated and maintained. However, when such systems are designed properly
and attention given to important operating and maintenance characteristics,
such systems will operate odor-free.
•
. r
•
k
F
f
~
~ 56 ~
~
C I TAT I 0NS
l. Drost, D.W., Spokane Valley-Rathdrum Prairie Aquifer, Washington and
~ Idaho, U.S. Department of the Interior, Geological Survey, Open File
Report Number 77-829, 19780
2. Newcomb, R.C., Seismic Cross Sections Across the Spokane River Valley_
and the Hillyard Trough, Idaho and liashington; U.S. Geological Survey,
Open Fi 1 e Report, 1953, 16 pages.
•
3. Ibid.
4. Drost, D.W., op. cit.
5. Ibid.
•
6. Ibid.
7. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Metropolitan Spokane Region Water Resources
Study: Surrunary Report, 1976.
~ 8. Drost, D.W., o, ci t.
,
9. Ibid.
10. Ibid.
11. Ibid.
12. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, op. cit.
13. Crosby, J.W., III', Johnstone, D.L., and Fenton, R.L., Migration of Pollu-
tants in Glacial Outwash Environm ent, Pa rts I-III; Ldater Resources Re-
• search Volume III, 1970.
14. Crosby, J.W. III, Johnstone, D.L., and Fenton, R.L., Migr3tion of Pol1u-
tants in Glacial Outwash Environment, Part III, Water Resources Research
Volume III, No. 1, pages 204-208, 1970.
• 15. Crosby, J.W. III, Johnstone, D.L., and Fenton, R.L., 2E. cit., Parts
I-III.
16. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, op. cit.
17. Crosby, J.W. III, Johnstone, D.L., and Fenton, R.L., 2p_ cit., Part I
• pages 204-208.
' 18. Drost, D.W., o, cit.
19. Safe Drinking Water Act, Public Law 93-523.
• 20. 43 Federal Register 28, pages 55-56; February 9, 1978.
21. 40 Code of Federal Regulations 149; September 29, 1977.
•
57
i -
~
22. Ibid.
23. Esvel t, L.A. , Interi m l-later Qual i ty Moni tori ng Report, Spokane County
• 208 Program, Spokane County Engi,neers Office, Fe6ruary 1978.
24. Ibid.
25. Spyridakis, P.E., and 14elch, E.B., "Treatment Processes and Fnvironmental
Impacts of L-Jaste Effluent Disposal on Land", Land Treatment and Disposal
• of Munic'ipal and Industrial 4-lastewater, R.L. Sanks and T. Asano, editors,
26. Ibid.
27. Sopper, W.E., "Use of the Soil Vegetative Biosystem for Waste Water
Recycling", Land Treatment and Disposal of Muni,cipal and Industrial
• 4Jastewater, R.L. Sanks and T. Asano, editors; Ann Arbor Science, Ann
Arbor, P9ichigan; 1976; pages 17-43.
28. Ibid.
29. Crosby, J.W., I I I, o. ci t.
i
•
•
•
♦
•
~ 58
io
~
APPEPJDIX A
WASTE VlA i ER TREATMEPaT OPTIONS
•
•
r
•
•
•
•
•
• 59
~
l1ASTE .-lATEP, TREATMENT OPTIOPJS
•
I PITRODUCT ION
The choice of the most environmentally and economically sound waste
water treatment systeri can be a difficult decision. A number of variables
~ must be considered: a quality and fate of the final effluent, capital and
operatinq costs (including po;rer consumption and maintenance requirements),
areal requirements, quantity and characteristics of sludges generated, as
well as state and local r•egulatory restrictions. This paper will discuss
thE available options t•jith ►-espect to these variables. Specifically, the
follok-iing options will be explored: on-site treatment and disposal; and
` siiia 11 (1 ess than 1 mi 11 i on qa 11 ons per day, MGD ) i nterim treatment faci 1 i-
ties. Exfiaustive description of these options is not feasible here, but
the i nforriati on pi,esented s houl d al 10w one to understand the theory,
strengths and limitations of each of the systems discussed.
GEIrIERAL THEORY
~ The point of traditional waste water treatnent is to reduce the concen-
ti-ation of certain corimon pollutants and to disinfect the resulting efflucnt
if human contact tivith the discharqe could result in disease transmission.
Pol 1 utant concentrati ons i n the i nfl uent sewage are removed by ttqo basi c
mechanisms: physical separation and biological conversion of remaining
~ constituents. Physical separation riost commonly involves retaining waste
alater in a larqe basin and providing for the removal of both settlable and
floating solids. It can also involve the filterinq of waste water through
porous media such as sand or soil.
The prin7ary aim of biological conversion is to convert organic matter
~ to less detrimental forms. Oxygen in receiving waters is depleted by the
biological degradation of excessive concentrations of organic matter. For
this reason the concentration of organic matter in waste waters and treated
discharges is usually riieasured in terris of five day biochemical oxygen
demand (BODS). Organic matter is primarily composed of carbon, hydrogen
and oxygen; with lesser amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus, and trace amounts
~ of other elements. I
Biological conversion of constituents vihich remain suspended in the ~
waste water i s cormonly medi ated by mi crofl ora and mi crofauna . Thi s process
can proceed in the presence of oxygen (aerobic treatment). Alternatively,
oxygen may be absent (anaerobic treatment).
,
~ The anaerobic conversion of the major consti tuents i s shown below i n .
general terms: Eq. 1 Organic matter Y Organic acids + biomass (sludge) ~
Methane (Cfl4) + vrater (H20) + Biomass (sludge)
~ Eq. 2 Organic Nitrogen Y Amrionia (NH3) + Biomass (sludge)
• 60
~
Eq. 3 Organic Phosphates -o-Orthophosphate (P04 + Biomass
(sludge)
~ The aerobic conversion proceeds as follows:
Eq. 4 Orqanic matter + Oxygen (0 ) ?o,- Carbon Dioxide (C02) +
I-later (11 20) + Biomass (slu3ge)
• Eq. 5 Organic Ni trogen - v-- Annnonia (PJH6xygen ) + Oxygen (0.) ~
Nitrite (~J02) + Qiomass (sludge) + (02) ~
Nitrate (N03+) + Biomass (sludge)
Eq. 6 Organic Phosphates )1- Orthophosphates (P04+) + Bionass
(sludge)
•
Pdote that the organic carbon is converted to either methane or carbon
dioxide, both of which are gasses avith relatively low solubility in water.
They are, thereforo-, released to the atirosphere. Althouqh animonia is a gas
it is more soluble and reiiains in the water at high concentrations either
as a dissolved gas or as ammonium (PJfI ions. PJitrate, nitrite and phos-
~ phates are also soluble. Therefore, ~nder normal operating schemes, the
only significant nutrient (nitrogen and phosphorus forms) removal is that
associated with sedimentation (primary settling) o r biomass rerioval (sludge
vrasting). There are biological and physical-chemical methods for more com-
plete nutrient removal (nitrification-denitrification, ammonia stripping,
coagulation-flocculation, etc.), but these tertiary treatment methods are
~ outside the scope of this paper.
Generally, aerobic treatment proceeds nuch more quickly than anaerobic
treatment, therefore, aerobic treatment facilities require less reactor
volume. If the process is aerobic, the essential oxygen may be provided by
mechanical aeration or by algae photosynthesis. P9echanical aeration necessi-
~ tates increased capital costs, maintenance, and potiver consumption.
To retain the necessary concentration of active microflora and micro-
fauna in the biological reactor, this active sludge may be settled from the
effluent and returned to the aeration basin. Alternativ ely, the sludge mav
settle to the bottom of larqe ponds (stabilization ponds, lagoons) and under-
~ go sloti anaerobic digestion. The required biological populations nay be
maintained on fixed filters or rotating biological filters. The process may
even be carried out in the soils of agricultural or forest lands irrigated
wi th tiyaste «ater.
After waste water treatment, it is necessary to dispose of (or use)
~ both the treated effluent as well as the resultant orqanic and inorganic
sludges. The organic portion of the sludge is biodegradable, and can be
reduced in volume by further biological treatment. In large installations
it is usually economically feasible to "digest" the sludge in separate units
(anaerobic or aerobic digesters). Separate digestion facilities a re seldom
included in smaller treatment systems. Because disposal of undigested (raw)
~ sludge poses both aesthetic and human health concerns, the nroblem of sludge
~ 61
~
production is handled differently. Often the sludge is held in the treatnent
facility for much lonqer periods of time. Extended sludge detention times
` allow the sludge to undergo endogenous respir-ution (i.e., the biomass con-
sumes itself). Thus, greatly decreased sludge volumes are experienced.
This reduction in sludge volume is gained at the cost of reduced nutrient
removal. Qoth nitrogen and phosphorus forms are released to the effluent.
It- should be recalled that in the ahsence of special tertiary nutrient
ro-iiioval systems, tfie amount of nutrient removal is roughly proportional
w to tlie ar,7ount of sludge created and removed (wasted) from the system.
Sl udges are generated i n various quanti ties by al 1 treatment faci 1 i-
ties. Extended ae►-ation facilities, desiqned to minimize sludqe production
vrill eventually begin to discharge sludge in the effluent if it is not
removed i n so»>e other t•jay. Sl udqes are nornial ly conveyed to 1 andfi 11 s oi-
~ applied to croplands. Care should be taken to characterize the chemical
and pathogenic character of the sludge before deciding how best to dispose
of it. European practices have included composting sludge vrith leaves,
crop residue, and organic solid waste. Sludge uses in the United States
have included heat treatment, packaging and marketing sludges as soil builders
and using sludges to reclaim open pit mining operations.
~ Treated effluents may be handled in several viays. The effluent may
5e al lowed to evaporate, discharged to surface waters or subsurface dra -in-
fields, or applied to suitable croplands, pastures or forested areas. A com-
bination of these disposal methods is also feasible. Each method has
potential environmental, health, and economic implications which should be
~ evaluated on a case by case basis to determflne the wisest choice.
ON-SITE G•lASTE I-JATER TREATMENT
On-site waste water treatment refers to individual facilities which
i treat wastes from single households. This category includes dry, chemical,
and composting toilets; single household lagoons; drytqells; septic tanks;
and aerobic treatment units.
The use of dry, chemical, and ~omposting toilets, is often limited
to dwel 1 i ngs wi thout runni ng water. Thi s regul atory approach i s necessi -
~ tated by the potential occurrence of pathogens in grey water. Grey ti-rater
is t-jaste water generated from baths, showers, sinks, clothes washing, etc.
Because dUrel 1 i ngs i-ri th runni ng water generate substantial grey Urater fl ows,
the installation of a system to handle these waste waters is required.
Installation of a separate,dry system for black (toilet) wastes is seldom
economically desirable. Because the use of dry systems is presently limited,
~ they are not discussed further.
Use of dry wells for gr2y water disposa] is allowed in Spokane County
under certain circumstances. A dry well is an excavated column constructed
i n a manner to prevent soi 1 from f i 11 i ng the excavati on, whi 1 e sti 11 ai low-
ing dispersal of the water into the surrounding soil. The drywell is not,
~ strictly speaking, a treatment facility. It is rather an inexpensive me-thod
for dispersing low strength wastes.
~ G2
~
Ttie most common on-si te treatment fac i 1 i ty i s the septic tank. The
septic tank consists of a container with one or several compartments de-
signed to provide anaerobic treatment of waste water. It should retain
~ both floatable and settlable solids, and provide for the digestion of
these sludges so that pumping is required only once every two to five years.
Minimum septic tank volume is 600 gallons, while average volume is about
1,000 gallons. A typical design is shown in Figure lo
~ Figure 1 4
Typical Septic Tank
~ ~
)":Afrs
• ~ 'r~~ ~
i, tLT~-j - ~ I
F orrE T
T
.
U LIQUiI)
• ' nIGESTF~c, ~I t1~r,F
~ Within the septic tank the suspended organic natter is converted to
organic acids. This "produces a somewhat offegsive anaerobic effluent well
suited to aerobic treatment by soil bacteria". After extensive field and
laboratory testing of septic tanks, Otis et al6 note "septic tanks can be
characterized as producing an effluent very high in BOD and total susoended
solids. The survival rate of fecal coliforms is also h~gh. Median values
r of the field units vary between approximately 90 mg/1 and 290 mg/1 for BODS
and 35 mg/1 and 135 mg/1 for total suspended solids." Although individual
septic tanks vary widely in efficiency and effluent quality, Table 1 sum-
marizes available data characterizing anaerobic septic tank effluent.
' Table 1
~ Septic Tank Effluent Characteristics
Effluent Characteristics Percent Removal
BODS (mg/1) 10.5-150 30-50
~ TSS (mg/1) 50-135 50-70
tdH3-PJ (mg/1) 25-35
N02-N (mg/1) 0.2-0.5
NO -N (mg/1) 0.01-0.5
Orianic - D (mg/1) 5.6-10
Total N (mg/1) 30-50 0-35
~ P04-P (mg/1) 20-35
Total P (mg/1) 8-40 0-25
Fecal Coliforms (#/ml) 1300-5500
Adapted from references 6, 7, and 8.
~ 63
cs
;
flitrogen in septic tank efflu2nt is about 80 percent ammonium and 20
percent organic nitrogen. Although ammonia is efficiently retained by
' soil particles, much of the ammonium is nitriried to nitrate (NO ) by soil
bacteria. Nitrate is hianly mobile in drainfields and poses a p~rticular
thr•eat to ground waters. ~ The conversi on and flux of ni trogen forms i s
discussed belovr.
The primary function o-If a septic tank is to provide an effluent which
` ti•rill not clog or overload the drainage field. For this purpose they function
well t•rith minimal iraintenance, provided they are pumped as reauired to pre-
vent the wholesale flushing of solids to the drainfield. Typically, the
col 1 ecti on system, septi c tank. and drai nfi ei d operate on gravi ty fl ow el irri -
nating the necessity of oulilps, t•rhich additionally decreases maintenance and
operation costs.
~ Recently the use of aerobic units to replace septic tank functions has
gained sone credence. There are two basic types of aerobic units: batch-
aeration systems and continuous flow systems, A typical batch-aeration
system consi sts of a sinql e tank which acts both as an aeration chaiTiber and
settl ing chaiTiber. A centrifugal bloarer injects air into the tank for 18
~ hours and then shuts off early in the morning to allow the tank solids to
settl e. A submerged centri fugal pump di scharges tlie superna±ant from the
tank after a 5-hour settling tii1ie and the cycle repeats. The coritinuous
flow units typically contain a trash trap for primary solids which acts as
a small septic tank. This is follovied by an aeration chamber with a mecnani-
cal aerator and a final settling chamber with a gravity sludge return.
~ These units operate in a manner similar to extended aeration package plants.
A typi cal conti nuous fl ow uni t i s shown i n Figure 2.
Figure 2
4
Typical Continuous-Flow Aerobic Unit
•
ItiS!'! ~'I'lUY
PUIt1 S
. INLF1'_J 0"TLFT
~ ~
V~~ I U1SIFtCC1U~
I I r,t % r.
~ ( .
PhE I eM Tiov sErri : c
SLTII i\G /SI CfIGE
~gt-rnf~~ /_0 ,~~jC Hf T; !iti
• ~-~lfi DIFNL'JVlt
Problems have been experienced with aerobic units. Otis, et al6
~ note, "Aerobic units are capable of much higher degrees of treatment than
septic tanks, but periodi4 upsets cause greater variabil ity in effluent
quality". Bennett, et al suggest that aerobic systems which arE typically
~ 64
~
~
designed to retain vraste viaters for one to two days may be underdesigned in
that they fail to handle waste 4later surges. Another reason for disappoint-
• i ng performance i s homeov,ner negl ect, Both pumps and aerati on uni ts must be
serviced and solids must he renioved more frequently than is necessary with
septic tanks.
The increased servicing costs, power costs anci higher capital costs
makes the aerobic units even less attractive. Power consumptVn for most
~ units ranges from 3 to 7 kilovlatt hours per day. Otis, et ai make the
fol 1 owi ng cost compari son.
Table 2
Cost Comparison: Septic Tanks and Aerobic Units*
~ Septic Tank Aerobic Unit
Equipment Costs
Tank, control panel, etc. (25 yr. life) 5200 S750
Aeration equipment (10 yr. iife) 150
• Installation
Operation Costs (P~iqer) 275 350
Plaintenance Costs (including pumning) 35/vr.
Tota1 Annuai Cost 54 203
~ *Amortized at 8 percent, 1973 doliars.
As these authors note6, "The computation of total annual costs show
that aerobic units become competitive with septic tanks, only if surface
discharge is allowed." Effluent qua]ity is improved over septic tank ef-
fluent. It is doubtful, however, that sufficient effluent quality 1s
* maintained to prompt regulatory agencies to allow surface discharge. State
1aw (WAC 248-96-050) specifically prohibits the discharge of effluent from
on-site treatment facilities to sugface waters or upon the surface of the
ground, Effluent BOD is reported ranQing from 25 mg/1 to 55 mg/1 with a
mean of 30 mg/l. Tot~l suspended solids removal is no better than that
achieved with septic tanks. Effluent fecal coliform concentrations are
~ much lower, but still above levels typically allowed in discharges to sur-
face waters.
Because the option of discharge to surface waters is closed to septic
tank effluents, use of a satisfactory drainfield is essential. The drain-
field distributes the effluent to the soil where aerobic soil bacteria de-
~ grade the organic matter in the effluent. The presence of very porous
oils, poorly drained soils or shallow ground waters can limit or exclude
the use of drainfields and therefore septic tanks.
Nighly porous soils (sands and gravels) allow waste water to pass
quicl:ly through the biologically active soil fractions a nd percolate to
~ g round waters with relatively little renovation. Poorly drained soils,
particularly those with substantial clay fractions, pass waste water slowly
and can ciog quickly. Soils with intermediate permeability (sandy loams
and silt loams) provide both adequate retention and adequate permeability
~
65
~
to both percolate and treat wuste waters. Historically, the percolation
~ test has been used to determine the adequacy of soi 1 s for drai nfield nl aces1{) 11 12
rnent. Qut reliance solely or~ this criteria has been seriously c~uestioned.
Generaliy, hokiever, it is possible to construct adeyuate drainfields in
medium porosity soils of sufficient depth wiiich lie on relatively level
terrain. Sizing and construction techniques are of great importance if a
. drainfie1d is not to clog and ui timately fai]. Scarring and compressing
trench walls can drastically lovrer initial permeability. In addition, or-
ganic overloads (usually caused by inadequate sizing) create anaerobic con-
ditions in the percolation bed. This quickly leans to bacterial build up
whi ch further 1 ot•iers pernieabi 1 i ty. I n addi ti on, anaerobi d conversi ons re-
sult in the precipitat+on af sulfides of tract metals (particularly FeS) which
~ further clogs the drainfieid.
Substantial treati>>ent of septic tank effluents occurs in the soil
col umn as the waste water percolates through the soi l. Aerobic soi l bac-
tPria efficiently degrade oi-ganic matter. If anaerobic conditions develop,
organic degradation is retarded and leads to the clogying problans discussed
. above. The soi 1 parti cl es efficiently fi 1 ter suspended sol i ds, and the
organic fraction-of these solids is also degraded by soil bacteria.
Plutrients are present in ionic form in septic tank effluent. They are
alsa degraded from organic to ionic form by the breakdown of organic matter.
Phosphates are retained in soils by a combination of adsorption, ion ex-
~ change, and precipitation reactions. SoTi phosphate movement can, hoc-rever,
take place in o]d or overloaded systems.
Ni trogen forms are i nvol ved i n a rather more compl i cated systen of bi o-
logical and chemicai reactions. As noted previously, most of the nitrogen
in traditional septic tank effluents is present as ammonium. Aerobic sentic
~ tank effluents, on the other hand, contain primarily nitrite. Nitrate (an
anion) is very mobile in percolation waters, while ammonium (a cation) is
retained strongiy by soil particles. A group of aerobic soil bacteria (the
nitrifiers including Nitrosomonas, Nitrobacter, Nitrococeus, etc.) can
efficiently oxidize amnonium to nitrate freeing it to move with the perco-
lation t•iaters. This bielogical conversion proceeds much more quickly 1-1hen
~ soils are warm and biological growth rates are high. Theoretically there
are two routes by which nitroqen may be at 1 east t&viporari ly removed from
the drainage system waters; (1) If local anaerobic microhabitats exist in
the drainfield, nitrogen may be denitrified to nitrogen gas or gaseous nitrous
oxides. (Z) If the root zone of overlaying vegetation penetrates the drain-
field, nitrogen in both nitrate and ammonium form may be taken up by the
~ vegetation and recycled in tfie topsoil,
Although little information appears to be available on the efficiency
of these mechanisns, it is probable that they are much less effective in
reducing drainfield nitrogen than they are in reducing the nitrogen content
of waste waters appl i ed to snray i r°ri gati on pro jects. Thi s i s apparent
for several reasons. First, drainfield effluents are injected 14 to 36
inches beloii the soil surface. This places them out of the most biologically
active soil horizon, the topsoil. In addition, the root zone for many cover
crops (i.e., grass) does not extend to these depths, thus vegetative uptake
is diminished. Final ly, and probably most importantiy, drainfieid appl ica-
tions are not carefully controlled and typically caver cro ps are not har-
66
~
vested. Thus, neither are optimal conditions for denitrification main-
tained, nor are the nitrogen forms taken up by the cover crop ultimately
, removed from the system.
Soil systems do not generally retain anions including, in addition to
nitrage, chlorides, sulfates and bicarbonates. These anions move with the
drainage waters and pose a potential for ground vrater contamination.
~ If drainfields are designed and operated correctly there is virtually
no odor. If, hoUiever, drainfields are overloaded, anaerobic effluent can
surface and create substantial odor problems.
There are three major types of drainfields: the traditional narrow
trench systems, mound systems, and evapotranspiration (ET) systems.
~ The mound systems are used when ground water exists close to the soil
surface. The absorption field is raised above the natural soil level by
usi ng cl ean, medium sand. Thi s re~noves the seepage trench from t-ret, sl owiy
permeable subsoil and spreads the application of effluent to a greater area.
Mound systems may be designed to induce evapotranspiration. They iin there-
• fore be considered a special type of ET system. Studies in Oregon found
mound disposal systems acceptable if a public agency at the county level or
helow had responsibility for all operation and maintenance of the systems
and i f area was reserved for the construction of a repl acement bed.
A modification of the narrow trench system is specified2 for use in
~ Spokane County. Dispersian pipes are laid in trenches 18 to 36 inches wide
filled with crushed rock. The distance betvreen the top of the pipe and
the finished grade ranges from 14 to 36 inches. Construction of drainfields
on lands with greater than 15 percent grade are not allowed except on a
case by case basis.
~ Location of piping below the frost line in northern climates can place
seepage below the biologically active soil mantle and minimize evapotranspir--
ation. Failure of drainfields is usually linked excessive loading due to
insufficient sizing of the drainfield, failure to consider specific soil
conditions or compaction of trench walls. Overapplication leads to anaerobic
conditions. Anaer•obic slimes, ferrous sulfide precipitation and sedimenta-
~ tion further degrade drainfield conditions. These problems can be overcome
by operating techniques including drainfield systems which allow alternate
loading and resting of the soil.
INTERIP1 SE4lAGE TREATMENT FACILITIES
~ Aerobic, secondary treatment plants have two major advantages over
on-site sewage disposal systems. Waste water is centrally collected and
treated and effluent quality is improved making surface or subsurface v,ater
discharge less objectionable. These advantages are counter-balanced by
disadvantages which include increased complexity and power consumption. It
• is important that small treatment plants be both dependabie and relatively
simple, r1ost problems encountered in small treatment plants are related to
the lack of skilled and knowledgeable maintenance and supervision. In
addition, small plants a re served by shorter sewerage lines in homogeneous
• 67
f
developments. These plants are therefore subject to both hydraulic surges
and waste 1 oad shocks.
•
Jones1' notes four important cfiaracteri sti cs of a smal 1 sek-lage
treatment plant:
1. Pl ant operati on should be reliabl e~vi thout conti nuous ski 11 ed
supervision,
r 2. Plant must operate efficiently under a variety of flow conditions,
including organic and hydraulic shock,
3. Plant should not generate 1 arge voluries of sol ids for subsequent
disposal, and
4. Plant should not qenerate excessive odors.
~ ACTIVATED SLUDGE SYSTEIiS
Early in this centur_y, British researchers noted that a sludge de-
veloped in aerated, clarified raw sewage. Adclitionally, they noted that
if substantial afiiounts of this sludge were added to waste vrater, the or,ganic
content of the k-jaste ;:atPr decreased rapidly. Later, itwas confi rmed that
~ tliis sludge consisted of a comDlex community of bacteria and other micro-
organisms which for<<ied a flocculant sludge which actively consumed the
organic constituenta of sewage. Treatilient systems vjhich make use of this
"acti ve sl udge" ,which i s rnixed wi th i ncomi ng waste ti•raters i n an aerat i on
basin, are referred to as activated sludge systems.
~ In all activated sludge systems, this biological sludge is settled
from the aeration basin effluent and returned to the aeration basin to
treat add i tional i ncomi ng waste water. A portion of thi s settled sl udge
i s"wasted" from the system.
The ratio of incoming organic waste to the amount of activated sludge
0 in the aeration basin influences the rate of organic degradation. This
ratio is often referred to as the food-to-microorganism ra tio and is ex-
pressed i n 1 b, of i ncomi ng BOD per day per pound mi xed i i quor vol ati 1 e
suspended solids (t•1LVSS) in th~ aeration tank. This ratio is strongly
related to a second operational parameter: P1ean cell residence time (A„).
A is the number of days which an average microbial cell is retained in`
~ t6 systems prior to wasting. It is determined by dividing the mass of
MLVSS in the system by the mass of sl,udge volatile solids wasted daily.
These parameters rnust be regulated by the onerator to maintain good control
of the process. The primary means of regulating the process is by careful
control of sl udge viasti ng rates.
~ Perhaps the most common symptom of process upset is sludge bulking.
In its most general sense, sludge bulE:ing refers to the failure of acti-
vated sl udge to settl e properiy i n tlle secondary cl ari fi er. Thi s can, i n
turn, lead to excess suspended solids concentrations in the effluent which
may exceed permit limitations if the plant discharges to su rface waters or
plug drainfields if subsurface discharge is employed. In addition, PILUSS
~ concentrations in the aeration basin may decrease, further aggravating the
situation. Sludge bulking can occur for a number of reasons including in-
~ 68
~
appropriate food-to-microorganism ratios, shock loading, insufficient
nutrients in the raw waste waters, anaerobic conditions in the secondary
clarifier, or excessive mean-cell residence times.
•
Table 3, adapted from Tehobanoglous' work1h, gives typical ranges
for the operational paramAters discussed above. Additional parameters
are included. Among these are volumetric loading and hydraulic detention
time which allok-r one to estimate the size (volume) of a&ration basin required
+ for, a given appl ication.
Tabl e 4 provi des compari son of effl uent qua 1 i ty from acti vated sl udge
and sePtic tank options discussed here. It is clear that properly operated
interim waste water treatment plants provide an effluent quality much im-
proved over septic tank effluents. Considerable caution should be exercised
~ in reviewing the treatment efficiency tables as individual applications show
wide variations in effluent quality depending on design, operation, incoming
waste ►•rater characteristics, and other variables.
CONvEr;TIOPIAL ACTIVATED SLUDGE
Although the conventional activated sludge process is not commonly
~ employed for small plants, several modifications of this process a re often
used. These modifications iend themseives to being housed in what are often
termed "package treatment plants", although the term "factory-fabricated
plants" might be more appropriate, since the process and detention times
should be selected specifically for the process, floti-r conditions, and sew-
. age strength in any given location.
A simplified flow-chart of the conventional and modified activated
sludge processes is presented in Figu re 3.
In addition to the unit processes noted in Figure 3, inconing sewage is
. communuted and passed through a grit chamber where heavy, abrasive solids
are removed. Secondary settled sludge is often routed to a sludge thickened
to decrease the size of sludge pumping and handling appurtenances. Digested
sludge is often dried using vacuum filters, centifuges screen presses or
sludge drying beds to decrease the volume of disposed sludges. Effluents
are chlorinated prior to surface vrater discharge. The number of unit pro-
~ cesses, the care required to maintain process stability, and the necessity
of digesting and disposing of large volumes of sludge make conventional
activated sludge an unattractive option for small plants.
EXTENDED AERATION
The extended aeration modification eliminates the primary settling
~ requirements and reduces considerably the production of excess (wasted)
solids which makes it a desirable small plant option, l-laste water is screened,
communuted and then passed to a relatively large aeration basin where it is
held and aerated for approximately 24 hours (compare to a typical detention
time of two to six hours in conventional activated sludge). The active
sludge is then settled from the aeration basin effluent and returned to the
+ aeration basin. P1ean cell residence times are greater than in other acti-
vated sludge options. This leads to the self-digestion of sludges within
r 69
Table 3
TYP I CAL DES I GN DATA FOR ACT I UATED SLUDGE PROCESSES~
PROCESS
I TEM UONUENT IONAL COiV`fACT EXTENUED AERATED OX I DRT ION
COM PLETE-M i X STAf3 I L I ZAT I OPJ AERAT I ON LAGOONS D 1 TLH
Mean cell residence time, 6-12 6-12 20-30 10-30 20-30
9, days
~
Foad-to-microorganism ratio,F/M 0,2-0,4 (0.2-0,5) 0.05-0.15 0.05-0.2 0,03-0.10
I b. Boa f ib, MLUSS/day
Volumetric loadinc~ 50-100 30-~0 10-25 60-70 10-20
~ Ib, BOD/1000 cu, ft./day
0
Temperature coefficient, 9 1.0-1,02 1.0-1,02 1.06-1.09 1.06-1,09 1.06-1.09
Mixed liquor suspendEd solids 2000-5000 1000-3000b 3000-G000 2000-3000 3000-8000
MLVSS, mg/l (4000-10000)'
Volatile fraction of MLUSS 0,7-0,9 0,6-0.9 0,6-0,8 0.6-0,8 0,6-0,8
Hydraulic detention time 2-6 0,3-0,5h 18-36 0.5-6 0,5-4
9, hr, (3-6)c (days) (days)
Recycle ration 0,25-1.0 0.25-1.0 0.5-1.5 0.25-0.75 0.25-0.755
a) From Tchobanogious, 1975.
b) Contact unit,
c) So) icls :,tab i ( i..,.tl;ion i iri it (:,II i(l(Jr' Lioii t Jiiil.)
• • + • • • • ~ • ~ ~
Tahl e 4
Estimated Performance Data for Alternative l-Jaste l-later TrPatment Processes~
Constituent
SS QOD5 C0D N NH3 P
Incoining 4laste Ulater
225 200 450 40 25 10
Effluent Froin Treafinient Process
~ Activated Sludge
Conventional 20 15 90 25 20 7
Extended Aeration 20 15 90 30 2 8
Contact Stabi 1 i zati on 20 15 90 25 20 7
Septic Tanks 50 105 30 25 8
lAdapted from Tchobanoc}lous (1975) 16; under ideal conditions; values expressed in nig/l.
C♦ ~ 1
: i .i• :1y~.a~vC.. ..~~..e.. I.JVlv~
Conventicnal nc L:va;,ec Sl::cge
T ; 1••a • I
_:1~ .....;2~,
.y•
r:2..,-►3:'f G:3. v-:.r1
52t1::; .;35 :.'1 :.etL1_:.g
' y3
. - -
~ o
» V ~ ~~r a v
T ij/lVal ilal
S1Ldoe Waste Acti•s'-ec
7igestior:~
Dizested Sluc,-,e
~
Lxte::ded Aeration
_ rLf? aent , Effluer.L a.
> t
Secc: ~az^,;
~ Aeration S?~tli.^g
Fiasi.^
~ ~•1~? ~ :`.1',^3 ~c~ ~ ~L1C=°
1
• ti- =5~2 ~~~1~d~2~_~
? -ge
l►..
•
.
. . n
L~r1~ 3 lrlr G =
.oritacIt. Q~ ony n
A ~ r .
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ud _a ~ p ~ ~ .
7 ofl ~ .~t{ ~ •'6..
yGb+y a
~ 72
0
the aeration basin (e.g., "endogenous respiration"), usually eliminating
the need for external sludge digestion facilities. This leads to a fully
nitrified effluent with virtually no nutrients renoved. Extended aeration
• sludges possess mediocre settling characteristics. 8ulking and solids loss
in the effluent are potential problems. Solids are typically pumped from
the final clarifier daily or every other day. These sludges are raw and
thus pose a public health concern. They are often handled like septic
tank sludges.
~ Qased on theory of operation, extended aeration is very similar to the
aerobic septic tank process which was earlier described.
Extended aeration facilities are relatively immune to shock loading
as long aeration basin detention times tend to provide hydraulic and or-
ganic load equalization. Power requirements are somewhat greater than for
• conventional activated sludge due to the extended aeration times required.
The plant itself has little odor potential hut the disposal of sludges may
pose potential odor problems.
The terijis "extended aeration" and "Package treatment plant" are
essentially synon~mous in Spokane County; and extended aeration facilitie-
~ are ~,;idely used for subdivisions, apartment complexes, condominiums and
small, rural towns. Effluents can be discharged to either surface t-iaters
or subsurface drainfields, and both options are employed in Spokane County.
The presence of a fully nitrified effluent (e.g., all, o r nearly all, of
the nitrogen in the effluent is present as nitrate) may cause concern t•rhen
subsurface discharges may pose a threat to ground tvaters.
•
COrdTACT STABiLiZAT10N
Contact stabilization is a modification of the activated sludge pro-
cess which attempts to minimize the time vrhich searage is retained in the
treatment process. The theory responsible for this modification holds that
• the stabi l ization of organic U,astes i s accompl ished in two essential ly
discrete steps. First the suspended and clissolved organic matter in the
waste water are absorbed by the sludge floc. Su bsequently, these absorbed
organics are oxidized by the organisms a nd converted to both eneroy and
cellular material. In the aeration basin of conventional activated sludge
systems both processes occur organic material is absorbed, oxidized and new
~ cells are formed. Contact stabilization isolates these processes. During
the "absorption phase" cor.uninuted colloidal, finely suspended, and dissolved
organics are absorbed to the activated sludge. This takes place in a contac:
tank (see Figure 3). The sludge and absorbed organics are then settled fror.
the effluent flow and routed to a"sludge _aeration tank". Here the thickened,
sl udge i s aerated for three to six hours. Accumulated organic matter i s
• oxidized and metabolically assimilated. Sludqe cells multiply. The sludge
is then returned to the contact tank to abso rb more organics.
The treated sewage is retained for only 2.5 to 3.0 hours in the system.
This compares to an overall detention tim e of ten to eleven hours in con-
ventional activated sludge, and 24-26 hours in the extended aeration pro-
~ cess. 6ecause the length of time the flow must be detained dictates the
size of the units involved in the treatment process contact stabilization
• 73
~
minimizes overall instaliation costs (i.e., canital cosZs). This makes
the systeiii attractive to the developer, but the ure of contact stabil i-
zation has been resisted by regulatory Uyencies in the Spokane area.
~ Reascns for this resistance iriclude the lack of onerators faniil lar with
process, substantial sludge pr-oduction, the number and complexity of unl-.
processes involved, and an inclinatiOn that contact stabilization is a sa_r-
sitive process which requires constant skilled attention.
A properly designed and operated contact stabilization unit tqould
~ have the advantage of soi1iew;iat improved nutrient removals, due to increas=z'
sl udge production. Howeve},, the difficul ties posed in the long-term
operation of this process m4ke chances of early acceptance of this opt»•',
minimal.
SU~~11'.1ARY
•
The use of interim treatment plants provide for central collection
treatment of t-jaste water. Tne5e systens are not considered to he pet~Tia-_~ :
and may be i-epl aced i n the future h_y itiuni cipal se+-lage treatment systei,Is
i110re elaborate small systeiiis. In addition effluent qual ity is improved
. over septic tank systei,is. Ti-tese positive attributes are counterbalancez
by increased complexity and enel-gy consur-nption. Sludge disposal iTlav
additional facilities and costs. If effluents are dischat-ged to Cubsu1-=_:__
drainfields loadings are limited, hy a Departrnent of Ecoloqy dirzctive,
four gallons per linear foot of drainage pipe. Nutrient removals are
riodest. A1 though tertiary nutri ent removal systems (activated carbon,
• chernical flocculation, aiTimonia stripping, nitragen-denitrification scher--E:.
etc. ) may be added to riinimize effluent impact on the receiving waters
(whether surface vrater or ground water); their increased costs and compl e::
makes their application to msall systems unfeasible at this time.
•
•
•
•
~ 74
~
FooTrIoTEs
, l. Troyan, J.J., "Alternative Systems - The Oregon Experience", in
Proceedi ngs of Pdorthwest On-Si te tdaste t-later Di sposal Short Course
D.A. Lenninq, Editot,, 1-!ashington State Department of Social and Health
Services (1975) pp 33-37.
2. Spokane County Health District, Rules and Regulations for Setiage
~ Dispasai Systems, amended Title l, Chapter 4, (1975),
3. Pickett, E.P1., "Evapotranspiration and Individuai Lagoons", in Pro-
ceedings of Northwest On-Site l•laste ltater Disposal Short Course, D.A.
! enning, Editor, l!ashington State Department of Social and Neal th
Services (1975) pp 108-118.
~ 4. Bennett, E.R., Linstedt, K.D., and J. Fuiton, "Comparison of Septic
Tank and Aerobic Treatiiient Units: The Impact oj t•laste l-later Variations
on These Systems", i nWa ter Pol 1 u t i on Contro 1 i n Low Qens i ty Areas
,-l.J. Jetqel l and R. Swan, Editors, University of Ver-inont, University
Press of New Enql and; Iia nover, New Hampshi re (1975) pp 95-1 08 .
~ 5. iicGauhey, P.H., "Septic Tanks and Their Effects on the Environment",
in b•Jater Pollution Control in Low Densit_y Areas, W.J. Jewell and R.
S4van, Editors, University of Verrnont, University Press of Net-r England;
Hanover, PJew Hampsh i re (1975) pp 43-51.
~ 6. Otis, R.J., Hutzler, N.J. and I.J.C. Boyle, "On-Site Household Waste I;ater
Treatment Alternatives - Laboratory and Field Studies", in 14ater Po]lu-
tion Control in Low Density Areas, W.J. Jet•jei 1 and R. Swan, Editors
University of Vermont, University Press of New England; Hanover, PJew
Hampshire (1975) pp240-265.
, 7. Hall, P4.u1., 1975. "A Conceptual Model of Nutrient Transport in Subsur-
face Soi1 Systems", in t-later Pollution Control in Lotq Densit.y Areas,
W.J. Jewell and R. Swan, Editors, University of Vermont, University Press
of Plevr England; Nanover, New Nampshire (1975) pp 55-64.
8. Laak, R., 1974 "Nitrogen and Phosphorous Removal in a Septic Tank and
~ a Lagoon, Experimental Investigation of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Re-
rioval at the University of Connecticut Research Station."
9. Otis, R.J., W.C. Boy1e, J.C. Converse, and E.J. Tyler, 1977, On-Site
Disposal of Glastewater Flows. U.S.E.P.,4., Technology Transfer.
~ 10. Bouma, J. 1975. "Improved Fiel d Techniques for P1easurements of Hydraul ic
Properties of Soils", in I-later Pollution Control in Low Density Areas
; W.J. Jewell and R. Swan, Editors, University of Vermont, University Press
of Netq England; Hanover, New Hampshire (1975) pp 181-189.
11. B. Zulauf, A., 1976. Soils Characteristics, Surveys and Maps", in
~ Proceedinqs of Northwest On-Site t-Jaste l•later Disposal Short Course,
D.A. Lenning, Editor, L•dashington State Department of Social and tlealth
Services (1975) pp 38-46.
~
75
~
12. Laursen, A. 1976. "A CriticGl Analysis of the Percolation Test", iri
Proceed i ngs of Nlort ht•res 4(?rz-S ite l1aste ~later Di sposal Short Course,
D.A. Le+ininq, Edito~~, ~lash~n4t~n State DepartmAnt of Social and Heal th
Services (1976) pp 49-52, v
13. Ha11 , t1.1-l. , "A Conceptual i;odel of Nutrient Transport in Subsuri'ace
Soil Systei7is", in Watet- Pollution Coii-Lr-ol in Low DenSity Areas, :•;.J
~ ,Jei•jel 1, and R. Swan, Ec~ii-i o►- s, lln 7versi ty Press of tleti•i England, Hanovet,,
Neu I-iariipshi re, (1,975) pp 55- 64.
14. Tro,yan, J.J. ,"Al ternat7,ve Systei>>s - Ttie OrEgon Experience", in :-Ia ter
°olltI;.Ion Control in ! o~•: Densit~~, Areas, ;l.J. Jewe11 and R. Swan,
-
Editor;, University of !'e~►>;on,, Uniti-~tsity Press of iJew Engiand;
, i-11anover, PJew HaiTipshit-e (1975) pp 371-388,
15. Jones P.f1., "Lot-r Cost ::aste llater Ti,eat+nent for Sr,iall COfli11U111t1e5",
in stat:r PollLition Contt,ol in Low Dei-isity Areas, W.J. Jewell and p
Swan, C~Ttors, Univef°s~tY af Verr7ont, University PrESS of Ne+•r LEnol.n,; :
Hariovet', New Ilampshire (1975) pp 38ti--427.
~
•
•
!
~
1 ,
r
1 76
~
~
~ APPEPJDIX a
SECT I ON 1
•
GROUtJD IJATER QUALITY DATA FROM WELLS
IN THE VICIPlITY OF THE PROJECT SITE
•
•
•
•
!
,
~
•
~ 77
~
~ APPEPIDIX B
SECT ION 1
CHEP1ICAL Ql)ALITY OF GROUfJD llATER FP,OM 4lELLS
~ IN THE VICINITY OF THE PROJECT SITE
Tabl e fJotes :
1. Nationai Interim Primary Drinking lJater Regulations (U.S. Envi ronmental
~ Protection Agency, 1975).
2, National Proposed Secondary blater Regulations (U.S. Environmental Pro-
tection Agency, 1977)e
3. Spokane County "208" llaste lJater Management Program Prel iminary Field
~ Data Resuits.
4. Spokane County "208" llaste 4later Management Program, Preliminary Washingtan
State University Analytical Resul-ts.
5. Department of Social and Health Services.
•
6. Environmental Protection Agency.
7. Washington State Departm ent of Health.
8. United States Geological Survey/Bureau of Reclamation.
~
9. Pacific Laboratory of San Francisco, Cal ifornia.
10. Pittsburgh Testing Laboratory.
!
•
~
~ 78
• ~ _ , - ~ . ~ ~ ~ ~ • •
LifittiCnL Qun, ilr ui (,ituuni,>>AiLa
snr•»Lt sttc wuMuER 25/44-5R1
-sIrE LocnrIori.
I1ata pate Depth Water Specific pH Turhidity 7hresholA Ui,solvctl Di,.olved Jissolved Ilirdness Dissolved qissolved Distolved Total Total To'al +.e'
'"nurcc SamplCd (ft.) TCmp- CnnduCt- (unlts) (JTU) Odor SiltCa Irnn ;1,in(janrtc (Ca,wq) ('hlortde CluOridC Sulfatc Nitralc Nitritr Ph;; ~„o ved
crdturc witc riumi,rr (so) (r~~) (1111) (-iig/G) (cL) (r) (SO ) (y) ) (Y1 1 :otics
("C) (umt5) (11111111 (uulll) (mq/L) (mq/L) (inq/l) (mqA) (uig / L ) (roq/l)
;tJnda rd
I'I .irvI 5 2.0 10 0
und,n y ~ ( ar 3.0 0 j ii!, - • - 25U Q - - • 2riQ 0 -31 If , t
».5
DSHS 5/14/71 212 7.9 5.0 154 .2 18 7.1 .07 181
USGS 5/11/77 320 1'2
USGS 12110171 315
~
~
. ~ ~ , • • . • ~ ~ ~
CIIEt11CA1 QUAI.ITY Of GROUNiltIlliCR
I,nMN r sitt NuruicR 25j44-761
-,iir I.ncnrInrl
11aL(i ll,) tc l)~pth llatcr 5pmifiL pli lw•hiclily Ihrvchold Ui;SOlvrcl I►i;-,nlved UiS%olvrJ Ilirdncss Dissnlvcd Uis;olved Dissolved Total 1o?al 1o'al %t2*
'+uuice Sawpled (ft.) Tomp- Condlict- (umts) (JTU) Odpr Silica Iron lanqmnr-w (Cd,nzrj) f,hloride Fluoride Sulfate Nitrate IJitrite PL;; L , SSo:ved
crdture ~ncc uuu;t~cr (a o.1 (<<') (~tn1 l 1 (CI.1 (r) (50 ) ; ) ;o~,~s
C°c) (Ur,it,) cil'llh ~ ciii,1/1 c„it,rL) (i,in~i)
;ca;,dat a
1 5 2.0 10 0
l'I 1 150 250 Q '
it lw dl(;
or ~i'~
U:u y
~u
)
DSHS 5/14171 306 7.8 6.2 _02 160 3.5 11 21 i;Z _16 180
USGS 5J12/77 350 1.8 _ _
USGS 1211017" 350 2.1
p
O
LII! ~11LAL IlUIII. I I Y Of' GROU~IDlb11 lft
sn~~rir sITr ~~u~~~~a 25/44-7C1 .
-st1C LocnttorI
Il,ild 0,111. UrIlih ll,iter `.prttfm pil linhid ity 11ui.. hql(! I) 1 .,"o lvrri Iliulv- -il !llvo 'il IlirOnr',, Ili -,-,ulvvii Il1 lo,olved Ilt;,,olved Tato l 1pI a l lu'o 1 -u
~ourCC Saniuled (tt ) lenip- Cunctutl- (wiits) (JlU) Udnr Silica lrun '4,inq,inW,e (Ca,1119) l,liluride Iluoride SultatC Nitrate IJitrite Ph;; :~SSO' ved
erature ancc tluui!,cr (5~0a ) (fe) (iin) (ny/L) (CL) (F) (SOa) (N) (f } (r; ) :oli.s
(°C) (um ts ) (uul/~ 1 (uiy/L ) (iurl/L ) (iny/L 1 (niq/L ) (u19/~ ) (ntq/l ) (inri/L ^.'l; . )
;t andard
i'l uIi,irv~ - 5 2 fl 10 0
~,L c.uuda~ y ? (6.1) or 3.0 • h 3 15U 0 - • • 250 U ~ )L.5
DSHS 5/14/70 10 284 8.5 6.2 1,20 4,5 .1 19 1,1 .04 125
USGS 6/27/73 9.2 309 7.6 .03 160 1,7 .1 16 .84 .01 189
USGS 6/25/73 9.0 306 8.1 .01 150 2.1 0 15 .76 ,01 206
USGS 12/10/7i 8,0 315 8.0 .03 160 1,9 ,2 15 1,1 .02 175
USGS 3/19/74 9.6 321 7.7 .02 160 2.2 .4 16 1.2 .01 172
USGS 7/20/75 306 8.3 12 .23 172 3.0 .4 18 .5 .06 181
DSHS 5/17/71 330 1.2
w USGS 4J1/71 309 1.5 2,0 18
~
. ~ ~ ~ • ~ • ~ ~ ~ ~
CItft11CA1 (1UAL]lY Of GROUND!lATER
SAMPIE SI1E P,l1l•1DER; 25/44-7JI
-511E LOCATION:
Oata Date Depth 4later Specific pN Turbitlity Threshold Dissolved Dissolved Ui55olved Ilirdness Dissolved Dissolved Dissolved Total Total To:al -ctz'
5ource Sampled (ft.) Temn- Conduct- (umts) (JTU) Odor Silica iron ,-langanesr (Ca,iag) Chloride Fluoride Sulfate Ilitrate Ilitrite Ph;; :'isso;ved
erature ance t(utnber (SIO ) (Fe) Wn) (ng/L) (CL) (f) (SO ) (N) (1') (r;,) ~o17~s
(°C) (units) (ntq7L) (mq/L) (mq/L) (iaq/L) (mq /L) (1119pL) {mq/L~ (mg/L) (ntq/L)
S tanda r•d
i'ru~i,~'~ y~ 5 2.0 10 0
~~~U~1dJ~•y~ ~~.5 or 3.0 0 3 ll~~ 250 Q • 250 0 )C.5
GSBR 5/6/51 241 151 3'3
q
N
+ ~ i • . . • ~ . ~ ~
C111f11U~1 IIIY fil G{tp1IU U1lA 11A
c,nMPie siTE t+utIBEa. 25J44-7J2 _
•S[TE LOCATIOti
Ga ta Uate Dopth t•latcr Spccifi t pH lurbidity Tlu•r;;hold Jissolved ui,,SOlved 'Jis;olved Iltrdness i)issulvcd Uissolved Dissolvrd Total Total To'a1 "s!e'
Suurce Sampled (ft ) Temp- Conduct• (unit5) (JTU) Odor 511ica lron 'lanqaw-;C (CJ,mg) Chloride Fluoride Sulfate Nlitrdte Nitrite Ph;; ",sso:ved
craturc ancc Nwrbcr (5 0 ) (fc) (t1n) (u(I/L) (Cl) (5O ) (ti) (F;•) :olics
(°C) (units) (i>>rl/t) (mil/I (uiq/l) (myll) {m~~.} (niqJl~ (ntqlL) (mqlL) .~.'I~-)
> f Jnda t'rl
) 1.1,11 y1 , 5 - • - 2.0 • M 0
y' (F..') or 3.0 h i h'•-- 15(} tl 250 0
>C.5
dSHS 9/21/10 10 270 7,3 7.5 .10 112 3,5 .1 15 1.5 ,45 112
USGS 5/18/77 306 1.2
USGS 10112177 332
00
w
~
~
~
APPENDIX B
•
SECT ION 2
GROUfID l-lATER OUALITY DATA
FR0t9 VARIOl1S AQUIFER CROSS SECTIUNS
•
•
•
•
•
~
i 84
• 0 0 0 •
i ~
WATER QUALITY AT UARIOUS AQUIFER CROSS SECTIONS
N. City Outlet Springs
State Line Opportunity Parkwater Lii>>its and Wells
Conductivity, mho/cm
Mean 278 302 260 294 336
Std. Deviation 21 32 26 46 155
No. Samples 61 70 103 31 42
Hardness, mg/1 as CaC03
Mean 154 155 141 157 198
Std. Deviation 16 19 ly 28 39
Pao. Samples 61 71 90 32 40
Chlorides, mg/1
Mean 0,81 1.82 1.49 2.54 1.82
q Std. Deviation 0,30 1.22 0.44 1.15 4.71
No. Samples 61 11 90 36 40
Nitrate-Nitrogen, mg/1
Mean 1.21 1.60 1,65 2.08 3.33
Std. Deviation 0,37 0.51 0.32 0.56 1.48
No. Samples 61 71 91 30 39
Alkalinity, mg/1 as CaC03
Mean 121 130 111 156
Std. Deviation 7 16 13 18
No. Samples 14 16 26 3
Sulfate, mg/1
Mean 12.6 12.4 12.4 17.1 28.4
Std, Deviation 2.2 2.6 2.8 6.6 18.3
No. Samples 16 19 32 4 12
Sodium, mg/1
Mean 3.10 4.58 3.35 4.23
Std. Qeviation 0.33 1.64 0.41 0.06
No. Samples 15 16 26 3
Source: "208" Field Dara
~
i
•
•
APPENDIX B
SECT I ON 3
~
WATER QUAL I TY DATA FROM
DEPTH-SELECTIUE GROUtID t-1ATER SITES
•
~
1
86
~ !-IATER QUALITY FP,0t1 DEPTH SELECTIVE GROUND UIATEa SITES
Ground !-later ldenti fi er Sai;ipl i ng Sanipl i ng Conuucti vi ty Di ssol ved Di ss:,l
Site Number Date Depth (micromhos) Chloride Nitra--e
(mg/L)
~ 208 Balfour 25/44-17R1 77-05-18 77 - 1•6
Park 76 - 1.6
,
79 - 2.6
. 83 - 2.4
98 - 4.7 i.~
118 - 1.5 1.3
~ 77-08-03 70 309 1.7 :e7
74 312 ;•6
88 310 1.7 ~.1
114 360 1•8
77-08-05 70 258 2.2 - 1.Z
74 249 l.s 1•?
~ 88 254 1.8 i.~
114 256 1.6
~
77-10-13 77 375 6.4 -
82 350 5.8 -
87 300 3.1 -
92 275 1.9 -
~ 113 250 1.7
78-2-16 73 365 18.6
76 313) 0 13.1 -
82 290 7.8
92 280 5.0 -
113 - 2•1 -
~ 78-3-27 73 295 12.8 3
76 295 9.1 -
82 250 3.0 1.5
92 250 2.8
-
112 240 1.9 -
78-5-1 73 300 6.5 ~.u
~ 76 290 5.2 -
82 250 2.2 1.6
92 250 2.8 -
112 240 1.9 -
78-6-13 73 255 3.4 1. i
76 255 1.8 -
~ 82 250 1.7 1.6
92 250 1.3 i.~
113 250 1.3 -
~
~
87
~
RELEASE OF PUBLIC RECORDS
Spokane County Division of Building & Planning
Request to inspect public records
Request for copies of public records
Name of Requester: c4
Title of Record• C7
No. of Copies: . Total Fee:
File Provided By.
File Not Available: Lost File Already Checked Out Other
Reason:
~ 1 ✓ C
~ Date:
Staff Signature ~t
, •
OFFICE OF THE ► . - .
• ►j~"~` '1 Jj'. 3} I'1~'T,;~~^c t i.} • y~~•~~ ~
• 1
P . , - . . .
a ~
OKANE COUNTY
L . . ~ r, .
ANNING DEPARTMENT* .
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I.E(;AL D!•:SLttl!''1'i()ti
'fhnt Purtion of thc SL•' 1/4 qf thc SW 1/4 of t1ic N1: 1/4 of
- -SeitvtSn 9, ii'awnWp--" NortTt-Rmp-~a- Easr, iM:W.,--Spokane
County, Washington, descrit4ed as foUows:
E3c6rinning nt the northeest corner of snid SE 1/9 of thc SW 1/9
of the N!: 1/4 ; thence S0001'35"W , 81ong thc' eest line of said
SW 1/4 of the NE 1/4, 120.00 feet; thence N68°1413011W. 322.95
.
_ feet to the north line of said SC 1/4 of the Sw 1/4 of the
.
,
N F 1/ 4; thence N 89°56'9 5"E, elon g said north line, 300 , 00 fcet to
the point of beginnitig. Q
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- OFFiCE OF THE ,
SPOKANE COUNTY PLAN~ING DFPART11~~~T
Date January 15 ~ 19 80
To FILE, ZE-75-78
From _____Ma rc i a M. Ra i nes_ _
Subject Condition III -(f).
This condition seems to be redundant in that the•application was finalized by
Hearing Examiner Committee action on October 20, 1978. In addition, Planning
Commission action on zone changes is no longer a required procedure; therefore,
the requirement thatthe applicant receive final adoption of this zone change
within one year of the Planning Commission's action has been complied with
through the original Hearing Examiner Committee action.
MMR : cmvi
~
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'79U 10,30ti.i1
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PIONN~ ~ ~NF 'CDuN
OFpARTAflY
rN Tr~: n~a~r~~~~K of tr,e ENfi w~.~.suR xo~ 1404
No.
KNOW ALL MEN BY THr:SE YRESENTS, I'liat Gunning Bldrs. Inc., Thgodore G. Gunnfng,
Mg PreBident 110 his w3fe, of the CoLmty of Spokane,
fn t,he State of' Was}iingtori, in cans-idcrata o>> of' tlle benei'i ts And otlier valuable consi.derations, and
t}ie sun of One and IIO/100 •••UollArs, paid them by the County of Spokane,
the receipt wtiereof js hereby aclnowlec.lbecl, have granted, bargained, sold and conveyed, and by these
presents'do grent, bargain, sell and convey wnto said Spokane County, the following described parcel
oi' land, situated in Spokranne Caunty, in the State of' Weshington, to-wit:
. , A sf;rjp of ]And 30 ('oet, wiilo or, the e88ts1de of' anci paralle] ►vith C@IIt@='line of said
wilbur -
d or rrni h f th ro f' the r tor es i h
~~"jjehec`~epi eaer ~ietwe~ lurve~ hat~io~ "1saiA.4
30 " foo t s t r ip, as iaeeapdo-d- and 9±M 4
for the above mentioned road, as Sllf)w~II in the field notes and on the of'ficial plat thereof on f'ile
in the of't'ice of the Spokane Cowity Uigineer, over and across a Portion of the Southeaet
Quarter (SEyt) of the Southweet Quarter (3W)4) of ths Northeaet Quarter (NW) deecribed
ae tolloxe: Beginaing at the Southeast corner of the 3outhweet Quarter (SW)4) of eafd
Northeaet Quarter (M); thence weet alonS ths eouth line of the Southwest Quarter ,
SSW4t) of the Northegst guarter (NFS1311 feet more or lses, to the eaet right of way
lkne o! Reevee Street ae eetabliahed by ita plat of Pinearoft Firet Additioa; thenee
north 50 le*t; thsace weet aloag a line parallel with eaid aouth lfue of the 3outhweat
Quarter (SWA) of the eafd Northeaet Quarter (M) to the eaat line of Laurel-Wilbur
Road #1404; thence northerly in a etraight liae to a point in the aorth line of the
Southesat Ruaurtsr (SW) of the Southweet Quarter (SW) of .eatid Northeaat Quarter (N134)
said ling-imnainA along the 4"t eide of aafd road to ths Poiat of Curvo in eaid
_r_nsd and then nnnt nuinQ northj thence east etlong the gQrth lias of tbt Southeaat
$uart-r- (M.)-oi-tht_&uthwalt Qllarter (SWA) oi_&g" Northeaat Quarter (NF40 to
the eaet line of thw Southveet ~wrter (3*) of ea.f d Northeast quartsr (M)
ychi eh 14nie ire a1 an tl,e woot 1{ne nt P{ ns ratty_thw~gauth A1 nnstl,~ &AAt liII@
nf the Southweat u. r(SWI) Qi ewid Northe.at QMter (N*) to the Pofat of
.
Bag nnings Lcq2pt that portion of wilbur Road se establiehed! Saptembar 11~ 1929.
a
of' Section 9 , Township North, Rarge 44 , E.W.M.
TO HAVE AND TO HOLD the same, unto the said Spokane County for the purposes of a public road
forever.
. ~
I ?wt;ness whereof' Y,ave hereumto set harui and seal._ this ~
day of lg
.
R. E. ExccNe Tan
Exedw
~
~
~ , 1, ~
;
.~ptr,i ~ `':c ' ~
~ ' .
.
.
• : ' ,Q~ 0 By ( $EAj,)
r%.Uft jreilsum .
: mata',Q~d'must be signed oy gg`,h !ius5and arl w1fe. ; .
FILE NO. ZE-75-78
SPQKANE COUNTY
HEARING EXAMINER COMMITTEE
FINDINGS AND ORDER
A. I NTRODUCTION
This matter having come before the Examiner Committee on October 20 , 19 78,
and the members of the Committee present being Eldon Thomas, Chairman
jane Myers , and John Culler
and there being present person/persons who wish to request approval of a (n) Change
in Zoning/Preii-min-ar-y-g1a+-
for a Zone Change, Agricultural to Multiple Family Suburban
for the purpose of Apartments.
B. FINDINGS OF FACT
1. That the existing land use in the area is residential and the Elks' Lodge. ,
2. That the Comprehensive Plan designates this area as appropriate for residential
development. .
3. That the existing zoning of the property described in the application is
Agricultural
4. That the provisions of RCW 43.21C (The State Environmental Policy Act) have been
complied with.
5. That the proper legal requirements for advertisement of the Agenda Item have been
fulfilled.
y . . . ~'t1'~
6. That this proposal vs/'is no-tin conflict with the provisions of adopted regula-
tion or intent of adopted polfcies.
7. That the land in this area is suitable/ ~~%*-kal~W for the proposed use, or uses
within the proposed Zone Classification.
8. That the proposed use is compatible/ ~Qg)p&Ubd& with existing uses in the area .
9. That the owners of adiacent lands expressed neither/iDxKb/approval/disapproval
,
,
of the proposed use.
10. The Hearing Examiner Committee finds/XDW(9(XXWXfud the proposed use to be in
.
harmony with the general purpose and will not be otherwise detrimental to the public
health, safety, and welfare.
11. The following are additional findings of fact considered by the Hearing Examiner
Committee: -
a)
b)
.
c)
d)
e)
f)
g / c
h)
C. ORDER
The Hearing Examiner Committee, pursuant to the aforementioned, finds that the ap-
plication of r,inni nq Rui,l dPrq for a Zone Chanae
Aqricultural to Multiple Familv Suburban a s
described in the application should be approved/d6MJ;0§M*V4MW& XW4l4U tit V~~d Me/
. •
♦
~ ~ • ~
Special conditlons or contingencies applied to motion:
a) Conditions as presented in staff analysis.
b) Applicant aarees to orovi P nerPCCarv dpvPlnnm.~ pnt nn pprrl'ne when tbp t-imap
c) is appropriate d)
e)
f)
9)
Motion by: Cul 1 er Seconded by: Mvers .
Vote: Unanimous
E N EXAMTNER OM UIITTEE
,
~
i .
ATTEST:
FRED L. DAYHARSH
Planning Director
Bv.
. ~ .
s
r
- --y
FINDINGS 6 lctober Z0, 1978
ZE-75-78, AGRICULTURAL TO MULTI-FAMILY SUBURBAN: Gunning Builders, Inc.
I. FINDINGS OF FACT
a) Zone Clas sification:
1. North - Agricultural, 1942
2. West - Residential Mobfle Home, 1969
3. South - Agricultural, 1942
4. East - Agricultural, 1942
5. Northeast - Agricultural Suburban, 1958
b) Land Use:
1. Site - Vacant
2. North - Single Family Residences and Pasture
3. West - Mobfle Home Subdivision
4. South - Low density Single Family Residences
5. East - Elk's Lodge and Duplexes
c) Reuional Comprehensive Plan - 1968
The Plan Map has designated this a'rea appropriate for residential development.
II. SPECIFIC INFORMATION: .
a) Countv Enaineer's Office:
The County Engineer's Office has requested the following be considered if the
rezone is approved:
NOTE: All required improvements shall be built to meet or exceed minimum
County construction standards.
1. Applicant shall dedicate ten (10) feet on Wilbur Road for right of way.
2. Applicant shall construct cement concrete curb, five foot wide sidewalk
and pave right of way to existing pavement.
3. Applicant shall obtain approval for on and off-site drainage & access
plans before is suance of building permits.
4. Applicant needs to develop additional access.
b) Spokane Countv Health District:
The applicant shall comply with rules and regulations of the Health District
in providing for adequate sewage disposal. All necessary Health District permits
shall be obtained prior to building permit issuance.
(contd. ) - 4 -
a .
_ t
ZE-7 5-7 81 AGR. TO l4IU LT?,, AMILY SU BURBAN: (cont.~
c) Fire Protection
1. Mains and hydrants to be installed in accordance with the Spokane
County Fire Marshal's requirements.
2. Access and circulation plans for emergency vehicles to be approved prior
to building permit issuance.
d) Environmenfial Review
The Staff recommends that a Final Declaration of Non-Significance be signed
by the Board of County Commissioners.
III. CONDITIO NS:
If the Planning Commission approves this request, the following conditions should
be considered:
a) Compliance with all requests stated under Specific Information above.
b) The applicant shall develop subject property generally in accordance within the
concept presented to the Planning Commission. Minor variations when approved
by the Zoning Administrator will be permitted, including, but not limited to the
.following changes: Building location, building materials, landscape plans, and
general allowable uses of the permitted zone. All variations rnust confornn to
regulations set forth in the Spokane County Zoning Ordinance. The original
intent of the development plans shall be maintained.
c) A landscape plan showing specific detail and accompanied by a performance
bond shall be approved by the County Zonirlg Administrator prior to building per-
mit issuance .
d) That the provisions of SEPA's Notice of Action pursuant to 43.21c.080 R. C.W .
and the Board of County Commissioners' Resolution #77-1392 be accomplished
by the applicant within thirty (30) days of formal action by the Board, as in-
.
structed by the Planning Department Staff.
e) Interior driveways and parking areas shall be paved.
f) That, if after one year from the date of the Planning Commission's action, the
applicant has not received final adoption of the zone change, the application
is void.
_ 4A -
F'INDINGS ;;~;ctober 201 1978
ZE-75-78 , AGRICULTURAL TO MULTI-FAMILY SUBURBAN: Gunninq Builders, Inc .
I. FINDINGS OF FACT
a) Zone Classification:
1. North - Agricultural, 1942
2. West - Residential Mobile Home, 1969
3. South - Agricultural, 1942
4. East - Agricultural, 1942
5. Northeast - Agricultural Suburban, 1958
b) Lan d U s e:
1. Site - Vacant
2. North - Single Family Residences and Pasture
3. West - Mobile Home Subdivision
4. South - Low density Single Family Residences
5. East - Elk's Lodge and Duplexes
c) Rectional Comprehensive Plan - 1968
The Plan Map has designated this area appropriate for residential development.
II. SPECIFIC ITVFORMATION:
a) Countv Enaineer's Office:
The County Engineer's Office has requested the following be considered if the
rezone is approved:
NOTE: All required improvements shall be built to meet or exceed minimum
County construction standards.
1. Applicant shall dedicate ten (10) feet on Wilbur Road for right of way.
2. Applicant shall construct cement concrete curb, five foot wide sidewalk
and pave right of way to existing pavement.
3. Applicant shall obtain approval for on and off-site drainage & access
plans before issuance of building permits.
4. Applicant needs to develop additional access.
b) Spokane Countv Health District:
The applicant shall comply with rules and regulations of the Health District
in providing for adequate sewage disposal. All necessary Health District permits
shall be obtained prior to building permit is suance .
(contd. ) - 4 -
~
ZE-7 S-7 8 r AGR. TO MU L~t' MILY SU BURBAN: (cont.)
c) Fire Protection
1. Mains and hydrants to be installed in accordance with the Spokane
- County Fire Marshal's requirements.
2. Access and circulation plans for emergency vehicles to be approved prior
to building permit issuance.
d) Environmental Review
The Staff recommends that a Final Declaration of IVon-Significance be signed
by the Board of County Commissioners.
III. CONDITIONS:
Tf the Planning Commission approves this request, the following conditions should
be considered:
a) Compliance with all requests stated under Specific Information above.
b) The applicant shall develop subject property generally in accordance within the
concept presented to the Planning Commission. Minor variations when approved
by the Zoning Adminisfirator will be permitted, including, but not limited to the
following changes: Building location, building materials, landscape plans, and
general allowable uses of the permitted zone. All variations must conform to
regulations set forth in the Spokane County Zoning Ordinance. The original
intent of the development plans shall be maintained.
c) A Iandscape plan showing specific detail and accompanied by a performance
bond shall be approved by the County Zonirlg Administrator prior to building per-
mit issuance .
d) That the provisions of SEPA's Notice of Action pursuant to 43.21c.080 R. C.W .
and the Board of County Commissioners' Resolution #77-1392 be accomplished
by the applicant within thirty (30) days of formal action by the Board, as in-
structed by the Planning Department Staff.
.
e) Interior driveways and parking areas shall be paved.
f) That, if after one year from the date of the Planning Commission's action, the
applicant has not received final adoption of the zone change, the application
is void.
_ 4A -
i FII.E 0 ip • ` t'
i ' ~ F• f
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rtHREsHoLa oETERMiNariON
iY•~ QECLARATZ4N QF
orapasedlfinal}
(s7gnsficanteJnonsignificance)
1. OescriptioR of Prpoasax:Jq?P VA&~ ~
~d P" &.P~ ~ 1~#0'd'5 .
Proponent- Chugumm:
w#64T` PhOrie:~~fq:M
3. ContaCZ PerSori: D
4. Caunty Action (s) Requested: _AOO" Zone Change; Preairn3nary Paat
,4uproual• Final PZat Apnroval; Change of ConditiaR
Othpr• .
5. Lacazlon of Prapasal: ke- oic t01j►8-~4-Ri 941+V* 44 V4.
6. Lead Agency• SPOY.,4ME COUNi'Y, +AASMItdGTON
Th ro osai r~as beerr determined cp ~ have a significanC adverse impatt an the envircnment. An EIS ss
reau9red ~nd~r RCW 43.23C.0~0 (ci. Thas decision was made after revzew hy the County of a com-
o eted environmental checklist and other informatian aflfile wich the lead ageney.
1 Respoostbie Officiai: "
ProAOSed Declaration: Final Dec]aratian• r4ame-j:1&~ ~ lame o. gvtb
I
Vgnature SigRaCure ~
Tttle ~ 7itle ~
Depar+anent--a*AW /N~ Qe#artment10 Qt C~•
bate bate ~ 8. For Oeclaratian5 oP 5igniffCance Only:
4ate of €xpected Draft Ei5 Availabf3ity (determined by R@SpaRSible Officiai)
Date of Issuance
TO BE COMPLETED B1' RESPQNSFBLE OFFiCIAL:
a. 8rief descrfptiari end ltsting of those enviranmental impacts leading to 5uth deClaration-
i b. 8rief explanatian of what measure5, if anu, cQUld be caicen by the applicant ta ^revent or miGig3te the
~ environm2nLa1 impact vf the proposa] to 5uch an extent that the responsible official could consider a revisea
proposal with a possible re5ulting declarat#un af nonsiqnificance.
a ~
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AF'FIDAVIT OF FOSTItVG ECEIVED
STATE_OF_WASHINGTON ° DEC -51978
)
SPOf(ANE COUNTY
CoorrTr oF spoxANE ) PI.ANNING DEPARTMENT
je.jj~~;L4.,f- 44 being fir.st duly
• swora, on oa'th, d'eposes and,says;
That I am a-citizen of the United States of America, and a
r.esident of the State of Washington ov_er the a$e of 1,8'qears.
That on thQ day of /Vai/&r!'? A4P46V' , 19 ?S ,
I personally posted one (1) or more 't "rue and correct coAie's of the hereto.
attached and iacorporated herei-n by ref,erence, NOTICE OF ACTTON in a
consDicuous maaner on the gr-operty, or as di:rected by, the Planning. DeAartment,
whi:ch i.s the -eubject of the ACT30N, to-wit, the ~followiag, ? ocatioas:
1. Zon w ✓'/rs l@ LV V.~ . siw - 4~-r'~d-s yL_
_2- • G'i'vYl
_
~i ~ ~ .
30 eeo=C°'f,•r:~ev/~7,~r
4.
, ~
~ •
~A~'ED ichis day ~ 4' 19
~
SUBSCRIBED and StJCRN to before me t_ day of
C- rlzel- 9-ZL'
~
Notary iPLi'bl1C -1n Anci far the State 6-f
«ashirigton, residing at Spok-aae
i ` .
`r • ~ _ - NOTICE OF ACTION BY THE
. ' SPOKANE COUYvY ZaNIN& ~~IN<o fz'XAM1/l/L-"~
PURSDANT T0 TEE PROVISIONS OF CHA.P'IER 43.21 C RClrl, NOTICE IS AEREBY GIVIIV THgT
L
THE SPOI{A~TE COIINTY ~ • C~ • DID ON QGT~03
TAM TSE ACTIaN DESCRIBED BFLOW. ,
ANY ACTiON TO SET ASIDE, ENJOIN REVIEW OR OTHERWLSE CfIALLENGE SIICH ACTIQN ON
` TSE GROUNDS OF NON-COMPLIAniCE 4JIUI THE PROVISIONS OF CHAPTER 43 e 21 C RCW
(STATE ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ACT) SAALL BE CaomCID ON ~2
OR BE BARRED. '
.
• THE ACTION TAM BY THE SPOKAAIE COUNTY C. NOTICE 0F
WBICH IS HERE'BY GNEN g IaAS AS I'OLLOIIS :
(1) APF'R0VED ACTION : zakle- C-L&mo 4a ld ~ • ~'•75- 7t
(2) DESCRIPTION : 4-0 (3) SIICH ACTIOY PERTAT+cTID TO P'ROPERTY CQMMONLY KNOWN AS AND/0►R
DESCxIBED as : 6 dpw 4~.,~- C-Jks Lo.-Ile
~ - .P ~v~', ' c~°s~r~•lo~cY
~S -
( 4) PER'I'INENT DOC.UMIINTS H1AY B'r FXA,MINED DURING NONlAL COIIIdTY BUSIIVESS
HOURS AT THE SPOKANE COUNTY PLAMII+1G DEFARTNIENT9 N. 811 JEMMOP1'
Snirm"'i', sPOxANE, WASHIldGTON. 99201 PxONE : (509) 456-2274
NOTICE GNIIN BY : N • ~ ~'S _lAe... •
F•
~ ~J- t~ TI ILID BY . NAM~ -
SIGNATIIRE : `
~ - ~ -
' -
, said time and place an-- nterested persori may appear fiL ~ or against, the granting of
this application. ,
AGE-NDA, OCTOBER 2,4, 1978 . TELEPHONE NO.: 456-2205
SPOKANE COUNTY ZONING HEEIRING EXAMINER COMUIITTEE
Time: Friday, October 20, 1978, 85:30 A. M.
Place: Broadway Centre Building, Second Floor
1Vorth 721 Jefferson S,treet, Spokane
7QN • R .CL.ASSTFIGATION
3. 7..-_7 5-78 ,AQCicLltLrsil to Mul[iQle Familv S.Uburban
a. Location: Section 9, Township 25 N., Range 44 , E.'V1t . M.
Tracts 30, 31 and 34 of Pinecroft and thaC
portion of Tracts 2.7 and 2'8 lying south of a boundary line drawn from a point on
the eastern boundary 50 feet north of the SE corner of Tract 28 to a point on the
western boundary of Tract '27 lying 220 feet n'orth of the SW corner of said
Lo,t 27; TO'GETHER with that portionof the SE 1/4 of the SW 1/4 of the NE 1/4
of Sectfon 9,described as follows: Beginning at the SE corner of the SW 1/4, of
said NE 1/4; thence west along the south line of the SW 1/4 of the NE 1/4,
311 feet, more or less, ro the East r/w lfne of Reeves Street, as established
by its plat of Pinecroft Ffrst Addition; thence, North 50 feet; thence West aiong
a line parallel with said South line of the SW 1/4 of the said -NE 1/4 to the
East line of Laurel-WUbur Road #1404; thEnce iVly in a straight line to a point
in the north line of the SE 1/4 of the SVV 1/4 of said NE 1/4, said line running ,
along the East side of said road to the point of curve in said road and then
continuing north; thence East a'long the north line of the SE 1/4 of the SW 1/4
of said NE 1/4 to the east line of the SW 1/4 of said NE 1/4 which lfne is also
the west line of Pinecroft; thence south along the east line of the SW 1/4 of
said NE 1/4 to the POB. (Between V1/ilbur and Perrine, approximately 40.0 feet
north of Mansfield Avenue. ) :
b. Applicant: Gunning Builders, Inc. '
East 9616 Montgomery Avenue
Spoka'ne, WA 99206
c. S ite S i'ze: 12.4 Acres
d. Existing Zoning: Agricul.tural, established April 24, 1942
e. Proposed Zoning: Multiple. Famlly Suburban,
f. Proposed Use of Property: Apartmen'ts
g. Application of Zoning Provision: Chapter 4.21 . Section 4.21 .040
h. Environmental Impact: A topic of discussion at,this hearing may be
whether oc not this proposal will have a significant adverse environmental fmpact.
-4-
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F rom
A - • _ -
rot-I
p ~ _,~f / ~ , _ _
~n♦ -
~
o ~ t ~ Qi~tB'
`gCt ~ ✓ -f`f ~ i
,Ub! r
- J ~ , r~~~y~l~. ~J~ l/ ~ ✓ r' e~
~ -
_ •
.
_
~ .
~ -
' -
.
" g`gned
^NOTiCE OF ACTION SY
TME SPOlCANE COUMTY
tONIMO MEARING
EXAMiNER COMMITTE< '
Pursuanr to the provisbny o1 Chap ter
47 21C RCW, r+oUCe Is hereby qiven lhet
the Spokana Counfy Z. H E C. diQ an Oct. -
7G 4970, take the actspn describcC btlow
. Ar+y action ro W asit3t, eniain review
, or pfherwise cnallenye sucn pclcon on
tht prOUntfs d ntM•cOmpl[sni# wlfh fht
provbtonaol CRepttr 43 21C RCW IStNe
EnvironmenNl Polkv Atf► st►dtl be
canmenced on Decamoer 16, 1478 or be
he"„°^ '°ke" °y S°°M"e
AFFIDAVIT OF PUBLICATION
Courity Z.M.E C. notice of whFCh is
hereby qivm. was ss lollows.
(1) ApprOveO Acfion. ApprOvetl 7Dne ~
cnsnge, Aq_ fp MFS ZE 7S7• STATE OF WAb1HINCiTON,
t?t Dasvipttpn: 12.4 Ac. retaw b 185 M.
~~~f, COC N''Y OF BP08ANE,
(7) 5uch ecflan pertalned tp prppiprty
~ COmmonty kmwn as anC.Or OesCrtDeO
as. PropertY tklaw ine Elks lodpe In the
. Valley ano more parriculerly ddcri0ed beinQ first daly ~aorn
as:Zon! RedaisllFuffon
) ZE•15111, Aprfcultursl to Mu1NWe ~jt~ Famfly Suburbar+ nn oath deposea snd say~s that he ie the..
a. Lxat►cn:5ectfonv.Township25N.,
Rsnqe u, E. W.M. Trscts 90. 31 and 31 of nf the SPOKANE VALLEY HERALD, a weekl} newspaper. That said neira-
P~neuetf sn0 tfist portion of Tracrs 27 paper ie a Iegal newspapQr f►nLl it i4 rww znd has bcen for more than eiz
d~awnef~w;pa ~it i o~ tt~r e~aste°mr„YOou e u,uuths prior to the date of the publirstion hereinAfter reFerred to. publiahed
arrY w+eet rwrtn a the sE corner of in the EnQlish lanaueae continually as a weekly oewepeper in Spokaae Count,y.
bout++wie ~ T ec~nnirk+V ~0 t~ef r~,o~n w'ashinQton, and it is naw and durin¢ ell of eaid time was printsd in an effir.e
w rne ~Sw corntr of sald Lot ii.
TOGETffER w1tt1 that R,aintained at the sforesaid place of publicatinn of aaid newspaper, 9vhich
zE,.oftneswI.o+in.N~°:1{cfon of ~sec+~t►e o said newgpaper haa been approved na a legal nswspaper b.y order of Lhe Bu-
aesc.rt,t-d as follows Bepi'nn~n~ .t NEme
SE carner of the SWt. Ot sa1 lieriar Court of the fitate of Washiagton in and for 8pokane Coanty. That the
ThMCe wNft alqhp 1T1t sOUTA !!ne pf itle
SW'. bf 1he NEI-4. 711 Ittt. mcXt or less.
ro tn* Esst r w IiM o1 Rerves Stree1, as 8n0lZ~ IB t► tTtls QOpy Of i
esfablfshoC by 115 p18t qf PinacTbft Firyt
AdditbA; Mente Nor1A SO 1let; tharlCe
N°est afanp s Ilne Wrellel wlth SaiC
5oufn line ol tRe SwI.. or the saio N EI-. to
Me Essf IFnc p( Lsurrl•YVllbur Roed N0.
1404: Mence Nly in • itraioM Ilne fo a aa it was published in reQulAr iseues (and not in aupplemant form), of w►d
p0in, In "ne nor►n line ot rha sEI, a rne
5W', of se{tl NE'.. SD'id line rumlnp
abnp the Eatt side or saitl rOSd fo the newepaper oace each week for a period of..... ..oonseeutive
voin+ ot curve in safa roatf ana men
oontinuinp nortA: Mrnce Eaat a" tne
r~fh I{nt 0f f►te SE'v Oi the SW' i olsaitl j} ~'O~E'.f I~~
i
NE'. 1D fhe fast IIM Ot M! 5Wo, Of Si1itl W!'9k6♦ COIII[IIeIICIIIl( OA ~a_.......L"~_...~f Of 19
NE which line js atso the west Ilne ot
Pinecrptt; mence soufh elong the east
and eadinR on the `1h...... day of........ j,oV.gp beT_..
~iarr°t w~en w~i'o~O1a d p~ ri~ tavorOog.
"+esa► 40o FK' ^orn, a rAe^si►e+e both d:ites incluaive, anci thst euch neWSpsper was regulsrly distributed to
Avenul.l . D. App1 iqnt. Gunnfny 8uiiom. Inc., itF subs( rti,er~- durinR-afl uf said perioti., _
WA 1~ lppmary Averwe. SpokMtit. ~ - ~
c. Site Sire: 12.4. acres
d Existinp Zoninq A9r{culfural, ~'-••'~-"'F ....~..G•-
eSisbii/h!G April 2A, 194?
ProposrQ Zoninq: Muliiptt tamily ~ t
wburbar+
! PrOpasaO Us* 01 Prope►iY : ~rf. HUbdC ' amd a~verq ta belore me thua......
menrs J -
q. Apptiufipn pf Zpnl ProvitfOn
vhepter 4.21 section a_2t~+o ot. . . . . au:.::....WI'. . . . . . . . . . . h Env'awmenlal Impact . A toDic of
tliscussion et tAiS hearinp may De • - "
whetner or not ihis proposal wlll have a .
slpnificanr advcr-se envfronmenral
imvact ot:in• 'nblic in xnd r the State o a:hinStan.
t4l Pertfnanl daCUrt+M1f may be ~
r~cemined dwinp normal tounfy btrsi•
rxsa nours st the ,pokarue Cax+rr
Piar,ning Departmonl, NeIi Je+iwson Reaiding at: Spokem, V1r'A
Sbeef. Saoksne. WA 99201. Pf+ane. f309)
a56-Y17 e
NnfFCe G1ven By. GUnninq Bullderi
Inc.
FiIMd By: Dw1Qht J. Hume, Cnrtsultanr
It 11•1S
- - r
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.JNE CHANGES POSTED ON ZO JG MAPS
Application No. XE•76~'7$ HE"3-1 &_Res. No. Res. Date
From: ~1/". To: M . F.5.
1
Posted By:~ RK-~ Date Posted:
Acre s: Se c, q Tw o, v2 S- Ra ng e qq
EAST
(Wall Map) Building Codes Deparfiment Scale: 1" - 1000'
(Wall Map) Front Office _ Scale: 1" - 1000'
(Wall Map) Middle Office Scale: 1" - 1000'
,
d~ (Section Maps) Front Office Scale: 1" - 400'
(File Map) Tracina #34 (Valley Zoning Map) Scale: I" - 1000'
(File Map) Metro i11 (Director's Office) Scale: 1" - 2 000'
/')A (File Map) Caunty - Front Office Scale: 1" - 1 mile
/1JA (File Map) County (Map Room) - Scale: 1" - 2 miles
01~.r (Score Card) Middle Office
SOUTH EAST
(Wall Map) Building Codes Department Scale: 1" - 1000'
_ rWa'_1 Map) Front .)ffice Scaie: 1000'
('A :i11 Map) Middle Jffice Scale: 1" - 1000'
(Section Maps) Front Office Scale: 1"- 400'
(Fi1P !vlap) Tracina 434 (SoL `h East Zoning Maps) Scale - - 1000"
~,(Fite Map) Metrc #11 (Directors Office) Scale: 1" - 2000'
Mte Map) Countv-Front Office Scale: i" - 1 mile
(File Map) Count-, ;Map Room) Scale: 1" - 2 miles
(Score Cards) Middle Jffice
AFFIDAVIT OF MAILING
STATE OF VITASHINGTON )
) ss.
CO UNTY OF SPOKANE )
being firs t duly
sworn on oath, deposes and says:
That I am a citizen of The United States of America and a
res ident of the S ta te of Wa shington over the age of 18 years.
That on the /L/) day of ei C~'✓ , 19~ ~
I personally deposited in the United States mail at C~l
r4r~ ~4with sufficient pos tage prepaid , a
,
true and correct copy of the NOTICE OF HEARING, a copy of which is attached
hereto and incorporated herein by reference, to the recorded real property
owners and/or taxpayers, a s shown on th e Spokane County Trea surer' s record s
as of the day of 19, who have been
found to own property within a four hundred (400) foot periphery of the applicant's
controlled property. The notices were addressed to those individuals and sent to
those addresses as indicated on the attachment attached hereto and incorporated
herein by reference.
DATED thf s day of 19
SUBSCRIBED and SWORN to before me this ~Q day of
19 7 ?l ,
~
~
Notary Public in and for the State
of Washington, residing at Spokane.
FPW_7_
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ZE-75-78
r
A hearing to consider changing the Zoning Map from Agricultural to Multiple Family Suburban
on property described as follows: Tracts 30, 31 and 34 of Pinecroft, and that portion of
Tracfis 27 and 28 lying south of a boundary line drawn from a point on the eastern boundary
SO feet north of the SE corner of Tract 28 to a point on the western boundary of Tract 27
lying 220 feet north of the SW corner of said Lot 27; TOGETHER with that portion of the
SE 1/4 of the SW 1/4 of the NE 1/4 of Section 9, Township 25 N., Range 44, E.W,M,,
described as follows: Beginning at the SE corner of the SW 1/4 of said NE 1/4; thence
west along the south line of the SW 1/4 of the NE 1/4, 311 feet, more or less, to the East
r/w line of Reeves Street, as established by its plat of Pinecroft First Addition; thence
North SO feet; thence West along a line parallel with said South line of the SW 1/4 of the
said NE 1/4 to the East line of Laurel-Wilbur Road #1404; thence Nly in a sCraight lin?t o
a point in the north line of the SE 1/4 of the SW 1/4 of said NE 1/4, said line running
along the East side of said road to the point of curve in said road and then continuing
north; thence East along the north line of the SE 1/4 of the SW 1/4 of said NE 1/4 to the
east line of the SW 1/4 of said NE 1/4 which line is also the west line of Pinecroft; thence
south along the east line of the SW 1/4 of said IVE 1/4 to the POB. All in Spokane County,
Wa shington .
(Between Wilbur and Perrine, approximately 400 feet north of Mansfield Avenue,)
AFFIDAVIT OF POSTING
STATE OF WASHINGTOIV )
) ss
COUN'TY OF SPOKANE )
being first duly sworn on oath,
deposes and says;
That I am a cttizen of the United States of Amerlca, and a resldent of the State of
Washington over the age of 18 years.
That on the day of , 19 , I personally
posted one (1) or more true and correct copies of the hereto attached and incorporated
heretn by reference NOTICE OF PUBLIC HEARING in a conspicuous manner at each of
the followtng locatlons, to-vritt:
1. 7-
2. , ~ ~L1Sl~- ti✓/~~l~
3. DFnAk1Srz54b
DATED THIS DAY OF , 19 •
, SIGNEL
,
Subscribed and Sworn to before me thts dzy of , 19
~
Notary Pub lic tn and for the State of
Washington, restdi-ng at Spokane, Washingtor
At said time and place ar, nterested person may appear fc. _ or against, the granting of
this application.
AGENDA, OCTOBER 20, 1978 TELEPHONE NO.: 456-2205
SPOKANE COUNTY ZONING HEARING EXAMINER COMMITTEE
Time: Friday, October 20, 1978, 8:30 A.M.
Place: Broadway Centre Building, Second Floor
North 721 Jefferson Street, Spokane
ZONE REC:LASSIFICATION
3. ZE-75-78 , Aarj_Uitijral to Mi ~ltiole Fami Suburban
a. Location: Section 9, Township 25 N., Range 44 , E, W, M.
Tracts 30, 31 and 34 of Pinecroft and that
portion of Tracts 27 and 28 lying south of a boundary line drawn from a point on
the eastern boundary SO feet north of the SE corner of Tract 28 to a point on the
we s tern boundary of Trac t 27 lying 220 f ee t north of the SW corner of sa id
Lot 27; TOGETHER with that portion of the SE 1/4 of the SW 1/4 of the NE 1/4
of Section 9 described as follows: Beginning at the SE corner of the SW 1/4, of
said NE 1/4; thence west along the south line of the SW 1/4 of the NE 1/4,
311 feet, more or less, to the East r/w line of Reeves Street, as established
by its plat of Pinecroft First Addition; thence North SO feet; thence West along
a line parallel with said South line of the SW 1/4 of the said NE 1/4 to the
East line of Laurel-Wilbur Road #1404; thence Nly in a straight line to a point
in the north line of the SE 1/4 of the SW 1/4 of said NE 1/4, said line running
along the East side of said road to the point of curve in said road and then
continuing north; thence East along the north line of the SE 1/4 of the SW 1/4
of said NE 1/4 to the east line of the SW 1/4 of said NE 1/4 which line is also
the west line of Pinecroft; thence south along the east line of the StiV 1/4 of
said NE 1/4 to the POB.(Between Wilbur and Perrine, approxima tely 400 fee t
north of vIansfield Avenue, )
b. Applicant: Gunning Builders, Inc.
East 9616 Montgomery Avenue
Spokane, WA 99206
c. Site Size: 12.4 Acres
d. Existing Zoning: Agricultural, established April 24, 1942
e. Proposed Zoning: Multiple Family Suburban '
f. Proposed Use of Property: Apartments
g, Application of Zoning Provision: Chapter 4. 21 . Section 4.21 , 040
h. Environmental Impact: A topic of discus sion at this hearing may be
whether or not this proposal will have a significant adverse environmental impact.
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PL.ANNING DEPARTMENT
~ PUBLlC WORKS BUILDING N 811 JEFFERSON STREET
' ' • I~~~
PHONE 456-2274
- " - SPOKANE, WASi-IINGTOIV Q0260
SPOkANE COUNPY G3l,RT MOlSE
MEMORANDUM
~i--~ , ~ us►~s
Ta. . _JD sT'4r7w ~ 7"nw+ as TuS
~4'T'77V C7uV~rQ }~~'il~71~
t)o~- ar ~ ub
Arprw; T?I+ytS SwLv6 prm; ir3aE3 C~~~
FROM: Spokane County Planning Department
North 811 Jefferson
Spokane, WA. 99260
(509) 456-2274 '
Attention : %7" NY if =-j-
REFERENCE: Lead Agency Des~ination, Threshoid Detemination, Staff
Review, Environmental Checklist, map; all or same of which
are attached.
Pursuant to WAC 197-10-203 (3), the Spakane County Planning Department, a
division of Spokane County, has determined that the County, as an aCT?NG
AGENCY, i s the LEAD AGEfJCY for the fo11 owi ng project:
PZ~- 75= 78
This determination was made in accordance with WAC 197-10-220.
Information on fi l e concerning this proposed action indicates your agency to oe
an AGENCY WTTH JURISDICTION Cir1AC 197-10-040 (4) ) or an AGE;VCY WITH EXPERTISE
(WAC 197-10-040 (3)
Accordingly, if you wish to ex2rcise your optien to review and comment as pro-
vided in WAC 197-10-3 0(), a proposed Declaratien of Nonsiqn~ficance v~ias
issued on IC) . Please respond, if appropriate, aL your
earliest ~ ppo tunibu no later than the public hearing scheduled for
11614 .
ihe subjFCt propasai or action (IS, LOCATED WITHIN THE SPOKANE
UaLLEY SOLE SQL;RCE AQUIFER OR ANOTHER AREA Ot= POTENTIAL IM°ACT TO TNE
AQUIFER. Piease aduise us as soon as possible as to whezher you feel
an Envirorrmental Impact Statement (EIS) or a Ground Water Impact tval-
uation (GWiE), pursuant to the Environmental Protection Agency's Sole
Source Designation or regulations pertaining te this de-signation, should
be prepared.
Enclosures
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STAFF REVI~W QF ELIVIR NMENTAL CzHECKLIST
,
SPOKAnE COUNTV GOURT ItOUSE
I. In accordance with the Spokane County Environmental Ordinance and WAC 197-10,
an Environmental Checklist has been submi_tted by the applicant or his agent.
This checklist and any additional pertinent data has subsequently been reviewed
by the &AA~ &=,V;r, The following data briefly describes the proposal:
A. Action (s) Requested: .Y- Zone Change; Preliminary Plat
Approval: Final Plat Approval; Change of Condition
Other:
B. Description of Proposal: 78
C. Location of Proposal:
II, Review of Checkli s t:
A. Slight adverse impacts are noted under the follow~ng questions:
(1) x Earth (8) Land Use (15) Energy
(2) ~ Air (9) Natural (16) Utilities
Resources
(3) X Water (10) Risk of (t7) Human
Upset Health
(4) X Flora (11) -X- Population (18) Aesthetics
(5) Fauna (12) Housing (I9) X Rec.
(6) Noise (13) ~Trans./ (20) Arch./
Circ. Hist.
(7) ~ Light & (14) -k Public (21) O ther
G?are Services
S, Potentially sign~~~~ant adverse irr~~~cts are no~ed under the following
ques tians ;
C. Discussion of impacts zdentified ak~ ~ve: _
Ill, Conclusions and Recommemdat}ons:
Based on this staff revi.ew al' the environrnental check-lzst, the staff:
A , Concl;ades that there, are nc -ootentially s;gnificant adver,e irnpa-'~s
and reclommends/is sues a proncsed deciararion of nonsigni{icancc~ ,
B. C',oncludes that Lhere, are no potentially significant adverse impacts
3ndr ,.~"}~~au5e of e'.'he Y'i~ture of t_'7~~ p1ro1Josal, Y`P.C'ti7TIlri1eI1dS/1SsueS a
final declarat3on of nonsignzficance.
C. Conclu~~s ,-.hat potentially significanc adverse impacts dc~ ~-xist ane,
recomm~~n-d s/issues a declaration of signi{icance.
IV. Staf F member(s) revie!Ffirg check? ist ~ ~
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• FO RM A
v APPLICATTON FOR ZONE RECLASSIFICATION
SPQKANE COUNTY
Date: Lo . r,l2-8y ]-q7R Application No: ZE-75-78
. 922-2222
Name of Applicant: Gunning Bu ildtm, Inc. ~
Street Address of Applicant: East 9616 Montgomery
City: Spokane State: WA Telephone Nio. 924-7950
Existing Zoning Classification: Agrtcultural
Date Existing Zone Classification Established: APril 24, 1942
Existing Use of Property: v4t c .
Praposed Zone Classification: Multiple Family Suburban ,
Proposed Use of Property: AAartments
,
Le9al Description af Property: A.4 e, 4,e~
Section: 9 Township: 25 Range: 44
Source of Legal: Cim
4eAJ-
Assessors Parcel Number: (See Tax Statement) C)q_Sqj - 1066" T~`v/
Froperty Size: 12, V Ag(-V,-_ . Total amount of adjoining land controlled by this owner or sponsor: ~
.
Street Address of the Property: 1~Q~` ~SS! ~►it~l
40 wto
Who Holds Title to thp Property: r vtc, •
jIf you do not hold title to the property affected by this application, what fs your interest
in it ? rrzdLet~- ~
Furnish a letter from a Title Insurance Company, showing the property owners of rec4rd,
their address, within 400 feet of the exterior boundaries of subject property. ~i~~,ocl.
-1-
- ~
Application for Zone Reclassification (Continued)
ALL OF THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS MUST BE ANSWERED:
1. What are the changed conditions, of the sit and the area, which yau feel make
this proposal warranted? -=J2,4C. "d
CVA i(O 4y►
A~; eir r s~ avt
~ C Ic.
t- ~ow utic G~. ~o ~ o ~ `
~ ~ ~ ~'Sr ~~eir
2. VtiThat effect will the proposed zone reclassification have on the adjacent properties ?
~~t avl~ Ie ~ .
I~ ~Ctw q46) r 5 ;~t
~r e-SA
,ee,.- ~t s os~ _
~
3. Can a reasonable return from a r-easonable use of the property in question b
secured under the existing zone clas sification ?(If no, why
( l~~, '~'G" S~✓'y G7~t' ( S/' ~ US °
(51
1J11 ) 5UVV4i.~YJd' -w v X.) 0/vy-w 441
~
~ J
-7 7
c1S~S .
I. the undersigned, swear under the penalty of perjury that the above responses are made
truthfully and to the best of my knowledge, in accordance with the requirements of the
Spokanz County Planning Department and the laws of the State of Washingfion.
~
(Sign-
ed) 9-
(Date)
- 2 -
~
.
Tracts 30, 31 anu 34 of PINECROFT, as per plat thercof recorded
in Volusne "I" of Plats, page 35, arld that portion or Tracts
27 and 28 lying South of a boundary lj_cic drawn £rom a point on
the Eastern boundary SO feet Nortn of the Southeast corner of
Txsct 28 to a point on the Western boundary of Tract 27
lying, 220 feet North of the Southwest corner of said Lot 27;
TOGET1iER WIT}i that portion n£ the Southcast quarter of the Southwest
quarter of the Northeast quarter or Section 9, Township 25 North,
Renge 44 E. W. M., described as follows:
Beginning at the Southeast corner oF the Souttiwest quarter of said
Northeast quarter; thence West along the South line of the South-
west qtxarter of the Northeast quarter, 311 feet, niore or less,
to the Eest right of way line of Reeves Street, as established
by its plat of PINECROFT FIRST ADDITION, as per plat th`reof
recorded in Volume "M" of Plats, page 35; thence North 50 feet;
thenee West along a line parallel with said South line of the
Southwest quarter of the'said Northeast quarter to the East line
of Laurel=Wilbur Road #1404; thence Northcrly in a straight line
to e point in the North line of the Southcast quarter of the Seuthwest quarter of said Northeast quarter, said line running
along the East side of said road to tha point of curve in said
Yoa and then continuing North; thence East along the North line
of he Southeast quarter of the Southwest quartcr of said Northeast
quarter to the E ast line of the Southwest quarter of said Nartheast
qu~,rter, which line is also the West line of PINECROFT; thence
South along the East line of the Southwest quarter of said Northeast.
quarter to the point of beginiiing;
ALL situste in the County or Spokane, State of Washington.
' EXHIBIT "A"
In ihr e%ent of utICfnult In nn) of the termv ur (undltiune hrrcuf tay the purthxser ll ls ngrerd thnt ihc rarnast mency 14nn11 ne torteiteq ae nUuIaatea aemagea uniesa
11 vo•Iler electe to enfarce thls t►1;reement nr 9Cf'Il4 dnrnn{;ev fnr brPnch therenf !n the event thnt rlther thr selier, purchnscr, ur ngency ahnll be Caused to secuPe lesai
,.1( or ur n4l%lt-P 1o eiifutte nity (if the ccapi•ct1ve rlKiNS hesoundcr, the nuu4r4Nflll ur Innn4rnt lpnrty HIUi ruape~l tn Uiln enturcunent provlelon eh41l t» sntlUsd to
••,ta nnd renfloiiuble tillorney'a fePn
1he underalgned hereby certify lhnt the termq of the contruct tar purchn9e ure trud to our Ueat knnwledr nnd belfet, und lhat ot r~greement entered lnto Dy any
ZunnPCtinn with this lrntts:t4!lolt ts tillnthed tu thlg Sstlea A*reemPnl 'flme I. of Ihe 4no of tIH nyrcrm
.f IrRr
ROCr & A SOC IA
TES , INC . ,ir Y ~f
Yhonu 5 3 5- 8! 1 1 }~urchener wu4er'e Addreea . . . . Phone .
- FORM F
OFFICE 4F T~zi
SPOKANE CQUNTY PLaNNING COMNISSIO AT
DA T E May 1, 1978 ,
To Title Company
From Z Spokane County Planntng Department
,
Subject zone reclassficU'ton from Agricultural to Multiple FamilT~ Suburban ZE 75-78
Please furnish a list of the owners and taxpayers of record of all pmDerty tocated
within 400 feet and the five nearest property owners of the property de:cribed
,
below:
Also, please include all mortage and loan numbers with addrpsses, when posslble,
ln order that proper notiftcafilon may be made o If there are no more th.an five owners
within the 400 foot boundary, pleasP furnish a list of tne ocNners and taxFayers of
record for the five closest ownerships. Ir.complete or illoqible title compay lists
will not be accepted by thls departrnent. Thank you.
(Prcperfy Description)
Tracts 30, 31, ancB4 of Pinecroft as per plat thereof recorded in Volume "I" of Plats,
page 35 and that portion of Tracts 27 and 28 lying south of a boundary line drawn from
a point on the Eastern Boundary SO feet N of the SE corner of Tract 28 to a potnt on the
Western boundary of Tract 27 lying 220 feet N of the SW corner of said lot 27; together
with that portiornf AE 1/4 of the SW 1/4 of the NE 1/4 of Section 9, Township 25 1V.,
Range 44, E.W. N! de scribed a s follows :
Beginning at the SE corner of the SW 1/4 of said NE quarter; thence W along the S line
of the SW 1/4 of the NE 1/4, 311 feet, more or less, to the E right of way line of Reeves
Street, as extablshed by its plat of Pinecrof t First Addltion, as per plat there of recorded
tn Volume "M" of Pltits, page 35; thence N SO feet; thence W along a line parallel with
said S line of the SW 1/4 of the safd NE 1/4 to the E line of Laurel-Wilbur Road #1404; thence
Nly in a strafght line to a point in the N line of the SE 1/4 of the SW 1/4 of said NE 1/4,
said line running along the E side of said road to the point of curve in said road and then
continuing N; thence E along the N line of the SE 1Y4 of the SW 1/4 of said NE
1/4 to the E line of the SW 1/4 of said NE 1/4, whtch line ts also the W line of Pinecroft;
thence S along the E line of the SW 1/4 of said NE 1/4 to the point of beginning located
in Section 9, TocnR ship 25 TV., Range 44, E.W.M. sQokane County, Wahington
Gunnfng Bullders, Inc. (Don Howell) 922_2222
East 9616 Montgomery 838-6234
Spokane, WA 99206
Transamerice- Transamerica _
Title insurance Company
Title Insurance Service-„ North 720 Arflonne Road
> Spokane, Washington 99206
(509) 922-2222
LIST OF OWNERS AND PERSONS PAYINC, TAXES ON PROPERTY
LAST GRANTEE IN CHAIN
OF TITLE PARCEL NUMBER AnDITION
AND PERSONS PAYING &
TAXES ADDRESS LOAN NUMBER LOTS BLK
0 Louis J Illes OQ541-2007 FAIRACRFS MnRILF NnMFS
_ T T,ouis J Illes Box ?_FZL STTR L7 Rl
0 RW Goldberg 09541-2008 FAIR.ACRFS MORILE HONrES
~ T Arnold L Crawford F, 1161R Jackson STTR LR Rl
Avenue
3 0 R tiJ ('oldberg OQ5Al-2005 FATRACRFS MoRIL,F NnMFS
T James R Williarls E 11604 Jackson StiB L5 Rl
Avenue Q/ 0 R W ('oldberg Oq5A1-2006 FAIFACRFG T40RILF, NnMF'S
/ T Fdrlond Truscott E 116nR Jackson SI?R LF Rl
Avenue
ro Fd LSmith nQ544-09nl MANSFTF1,n SnTT,ppF T
T Fdward L Srtith F 12121 Mansf_ielr'. unit 12n01 Inc
Avenue 16.666 iTndiv int
6 0 John W Bevan 09541-1708 PII`TFCR.nF'?' PAFFF,'T"T
T John tJ Bevan tJ 292<< Houston RFpL I,11. R2
n F n Schimmels OA541-1706 PImFCRnFT PARRFTm
~ T Frvin D Schirmlels TT 2614 Parylauri REPL L2 R?_
F.o a d
~ 0 Ed E nahlerl 09541-1707 PTN1FCRnFT rAR.R.FTT
T Fdward F nahlern. E 7708 Fuclid RFpL Ll R2
0 tJrl L Firsby - 00541-1705 PI~il.F,(;PnFT (:QRRF',TT pFPL
TWash Tr Bk lal R2
0 nan P LaVigne 09541-1804 PINF('RnFT CAPPFTT RFPL
jb T Fid Mut F-av Bk 17 31 3243 6 Ll Rl •
Transameric~ Transamerica .
Title Insurance Company
Title Insurance Service;. North 720 Argonne Road
Spokano, Washington 99206
(509) 922-2222
LIST OF OWNERS AND PERSONS PAYiNr_, TAXES ON PROPERTY
LAST GRANTEE IN CHAIN
OF TITLE PARCEL NUMBER ADDITION
AND PERSONS PAYING &
TAXES ADDRESS LOAN NUMBER LOTS BLK
n Larry A Hansel OQ541-1803 PIrTFCRnFT PAR_RFTT PFPI
T Colwell Co 050A1910 L2 Rl
0 R t~~ Goldberg 00541- 210R FAIR.ACRFS MOBILF
~2 T AlZred Marsura F 11604 ('arlisle H(1KF,S StTR 1R R2
0 R j~1 Goldberg ~19541-210q FAIRACR.FS I"4nRILF NnMF's
,3T Jack A t-lylie F 11610 Carlisle SUR LQ R2
0 R tNT Goldberg 00541-2015 FAIRACRF,S rIORILF NnmFq
IyT navid C Gilbert E 11603 Carlisle SUR L15 Rl
R T~T (~oldberp; 0Q541- 2~11A ~'AIRAf'RF,S T~nRTLF Nn~"~Fs
15...0 T Fanny E Ressey F 11607 Carlisle SiTR L14 Rl
n Norma L Bakex 09541- 2013 FAIRACRFS l'40RILr, HnmF'~
16 T Norma L Baker E lOqOh 17th Ave SiTR L13 Rl
' 0 R t-] (~oldber~; 09541-2012 FATRA.C'RF,~ T40RILF NmMF'S
7 T Janyce Beck F, 11617 l'arlisle SUR L12 Rl
0 H M Flliot O4541-2011 FAIRAC'RF,S T4nRTLF NnmFG
T Harry M Flliot 303 Carlbridge Dr SUR L11 Rl
0 R A Preuninger 09541-2010 FAT_RA('RF,q mRILF 140NFq
T Ressie Preuninger N 2511 I-Tilbur Rd SiTR L10 Rl 14()RII,F
E xFMP T T OrT ~l-R 5 0170
0 William L Hoblin 09541-2nng FAIRA('RFS MORILF NwFS
a0 T May Melchisedeck 14 114 Brierwood SUR IaQ Rl
0 Burchett et al OQ541-2701 STnNERIPf'F GtTR Ll R5
T Williar►1 F Burchett Gd 611 lst Ave
TransamericR TransFimorica 1
Title Insurance Company
Title Insurance Servicb North 720 Argonne Road
M%1 o Spokane, Washington 99206
(509) 922-2222
LIST OF OWNERS AND PERSONS PAYING TAXES ON PROPERTY
LAST GRANTEE IN CHAIN
OF TITLE PARCEL NUMBER ADDITION
AND PERSONS PAYING ' &
TAXES ADDRESS LOAN NUMBER LOTS BLK
0 Burchett et al 09541- 270fi STnMFR.InrF StTR Lh R5
T ~tlilliar_Z F Iiurchett t~T E~11 1st Ave
)30 Joyce Counter 09541--2111 FAIRACRFS MnRTLF Hn]`^FS
T Mrs Peter Golciberg F 11222 Fairview St1R L11 B2
~J 0 R W (=oldberg 09541-2112 FAZRACR,FG T'!nRII,F Nn?4FS
T G r'[ ('agner N 2421 Wilbur . SUR L12 R2
0 R jJ Goldberg 04541-2110 FAIR..A.C:RFS r4nRILF Nn?"iF~
2S-T llrs Peter Goldberg F'11222 Fairview L10 R2
n R t•] Goldberg 09541-0038 04 25 41L Pt of Sj.11/~
T Mrs Peter Goldberg E 11222 Fairview of_ rTFl/L; Reg at int
of F ln of_ C'o Rd 1~~L
& S ln o fST,?l /<< th N
a1p; s d F 1n & F ln
extci I\T to rT ln of Gpo
17alley Irr C'anal r/w
th Tn-Tlv al~ canal
r/w to TT ln th IJ to
NT•7 cor th S to S1^T cor
th F to POB Fxc
platted ntn
0 Nina M Hooker Qq541-901712 04 25 4A Rep aSF
TNina ~4 Hooker F 1175n ]`Tarietta cor of Yl/2 of ST-Tl/4
of NE1/4 th W to nt
of inter of FL - to
Co Rd lAO<< extd rT th
N on exta in to rTL of
Spo Vly Irr nis t('anal
r/w th Tn•Tlv alg sd
canal r/w to 1`TT, th F
to I`1F cor th S to PnR
Fxc Sno Illy Zrr Canal
R/w
e
~~~n~~~~r~~~ Transamerica
Titlo 1nsurance Company
Title lnsurance ServECe _ Narth 720 Argonne Road
r. S~aakane. lNast71r~gton 99206
~ ~ (549) 922-2222
LIST OF OWNERS AND F-ER5ONS PAYING TAXES C]N PROPERTY
LAST GRANTEE IN CHATN
OF TITLE PARCEL IVUMBER ADDITION
AND PERSONS PAYING &
TAXES .ADDRES S LOA~ NUMBER LOTS BLK
0 Ed L Smith OQ5L4-043A PINE('RnFT ADD Pt of
TFid Mut 5av Ek 3 35 2218 5 Trs 13 4n &I & 42 daf:
Beg 120 ft E of
~ intersec of N ln 6f
SF1/4 & E ln Perrine
Rd & Ture POB th S
229 . 25 ft th E 6(]
~ ft th 5640 E 107 ft
th E 50 ft th N to N
ln of 5E1/4 th W ;
- 1206.17 ft to POB
3 _
0 Ed L 57mith 09544-0439 PINECROFT ADD Tr 33
T Line Mut Sav Bk G 1 3284 6 & Trs 39 thru 42 Exc
ptnlyg Eof W 159.8
ft of Tr 41 & 42 & N
of S 17.5 ft Tr 42 N
of In of Mans f ield Ave
& par with sd N ln ~x
Exc Beg 120 ft E of ~
iritersec of N ln of
SE1/4 & E ln Perrine
Rd & true POB th S
229 . 25 ft ~ 60 f t th
S 64° E 107 ft th E
50 ft th N ta N 1 n af
SEIJ4 th W 206.17 ft
to POB & Exc platted
p tn
vO W C Hausken 09544-0421 PYNECROF'T Pt of 843 to
T Pac ].st Fed 5& L ESC 46851 9 53 W 135.5 ft & S99
ft of E 88.6 ft of
B43; All B44 ta 53 Exc
5t
0 Pianeer Hms Inc 09544- D440 PINECROFT ADI3 S 200 ft
T Fioneer Homes Inc E 13701 Sprague of Blks 35 thru 38
0 N[ax ,Jermain (]9544-0441 PINECROFT ADD BlkS b
T Leona A Miller E 11911 1111arxsfield 35 thrti 38 Exc S2QQ ~
ft ~
k
~
T~aI~Sa~P~IC~ Transamerica A
Title Insurance Company
Title Insurance Services - North 720 Argonne Road
Spokane, Washington 99206
~i *~i■ (509) 922-2222
LIST OF OWNERS AND PERSONS PAYING TAXES ON PROPERTY
LAST GRANTEE IN CHAIN
OF TITLE PARCEL NUMBER ADDITION
AND PERSONS PAYING &
TAXES ADDRESS LOAN NUMBER LOTS BLK
3~ 0 Wm L Kidd 09544-0506 PINCROFT 1ST Fl/2 of
T Linc Mut Sav Bk 06 0023771 Blks 4-8-12
3#30 Murray et al 09544-0507 PIr1ECROFT 1ST Wl/2
T Frances M Murray E 11801 Mansfiel3 B4-8-12
,
390T C C Cum~nings 09544-0513 PINFCROFT 1ST B11
Clayton C Cummings E 11715 Mansfiel3
0 Florence Shay 09544-0505 PINFCROFT 1ST S 88
T Florence Shay N 2312 GTilbur ft B3
0 Ora P Stubbs 09544-0504 PINFCROFT 1ST Exc
T Marj orie L Sporn Exe(: Stubbs Ora P S 100 ft B3
Estate
~b 0 P& R Co Inc 09544-0512 PINECROFT 1ST Exc
T Gupning Builders Inc E 9616 Monrgomer7 w 116 ft B10
0 P& R Co Inc 09544-0510 PINECROFT 1ST B6
37 T Gunnin g Builders Inc E 9616 Mont gomer7
3R 0 P& R Co Inc 09544-0502 PINECROFT 1ST B2
T Gunning Builders Inc E 9616 Montgomery
3 0 A C LaTurner 09541-2101 FAIR.ACRES MOBILE
q T A C LaTurner E 11625 Montgomery HOMES SUB L1 B2
Yv 0 R W Goldberg 09541-2102 FAIRACRES MOBILE
T Karen Richardson E 11621 Ermina HOMES SUB L2 B2
0 Alan A Burkart 09541-2103 FAIRACRES MOBILE
T Alan A Burkart E*11617 Ermina H014ES SUB L3 B2
Transameric( ^ Transamerica A
Title Insurance Company
Title insuranco Services North 720 Argonne Road
Spokane, Washington 99206
(509) 922-2222
LIST OF OWNERS AND PERSONS PAXING TAXES ON PROPERTY
LAST GRANTEE IN CHAIN
OF TITLE PARCEL NUMBER ADDITION
AND PERSONS PAYING &
TAXES ADDRESS LOAN NUMBER LOTS BLK
0 0 Massengale 09541-2105 FAIRACRES MOBILE
LIZT Jack P Frisby N 2820 Maple Rd HOMFS SUB LS B2
0, R W Goldberg 09541-2106 FAIR.ACRES MOBILE
'y3 T Jack P Frisby N 2820 Maple Rd HOMFS SUB Lh B2
~ S R ~~Til1 iams 09541- 2107 FAIR.ACRES MOBILE
~7T Steven R Williams E 22105 tiJellesle 7 HOMES SUB L7 B2
R M Hargreaves 09541-1639 PINECROFT N250 ft of
T Stoneridge Land % Wolff Bennett Tnc Trs 13 & 14 all Tr 15
& N 53 ft Tr 20 Exc
Co Rd
0 Spo Vly Ch Conm 09541-1640 PINFCROFT Trs 13 & ~
~ T Pac lst Fed S& L 13 125581 4 14 & Exc N 250 ft
Tr 20 Exc N 53 ft all
Trs 23-24-25 & 29 &
- 32-33 lyg N of S ln
of NE1/4 & Trs 27 &
28 Exc ptn lyg S of
a ln drn from a pt
50 ft N of SE cor of
Tr 28 to a pt 220 ft
N of SW cor Tr 27 inc]
ptns of Vac Kalb St &
Perrine Rd & also ptn:
of Vac Robie St Exc Cc
Rd
0 Theodore Gunning 09541-1641 PINECROFT Trs 30 &
T Theodore G Gunning E 9616 Montgomei•y 31 ptn of 34 lyg N
of S ln of NE1/4 &
ptn Trs 27 & 28 lyg S
of a ln drn from a pt
50 ft N of SE cor of
Tr 29 to a pt 220 f t i
N of SW cor Tr 27 ~
MA
~
. y
?ONE CHANCE PRE-AP?LICATION
~-75~7~ ~
Date 4-3-78 _ APPlicai:io No: 2
Name of Applicant: Gunnina Builders, Inc.
Street Address: E. 9616 Montgomery City: Spokane State: INA
Telephone IVo: 924-7950
Existing Zone <."lassification: An~rimultiiral
Existing Zone Classification Established: 4-24-42
Proposed Zone Classification: MFS
Proposea Use of Property: Apartments No.of Acres 12Z Ac.
Legal Dascr:ption of Propzrty: See AttachPd
~
+ .
Section: 9 Township: 25 Range: 44
5treet Address of Property: Not Available
Who Holds Title to the Property: he,ndnrPr. rjinni ni
If you do not hold title to the property affected by this application, what is
your interest in it %
.
Tracts 30, 31 anu 34 of PINECROF'T, as per plat thercaf recorded
in Volwne "I" of Plats, page 35, and that portion or Tracts
' 27 end 28 lying South of a boundary linc dra wn from a point on
the Eastern boundary SO feet Nortn of the Southeast corner of
7Crect 28 to a point on the Western boundary of Tract 27
lying 220 feet North,of the Southwest corner of said I,ot 27;
TOGETIIER WITIi tha t port ion o f the Southcas tquart quarter o f the Southwes
quarter of the Northeast quarter ot Section 9, Township 25 North,
Renge 44 E. W. I4i., described as follows;
Beginning at the Southeast corner of the Souttlwest quarter of said
Northeast quarter; thence West along the South line of the South-
west quarter of the Northeast quarter, 311 feet, niore or less,
to the Eest right of way line of Reeves Street, as established
by its plat of PINECROFT FIRST ADDITION, as per plat thk:reof
recorded in Volume "M" of Plats, page 35; thence North SO feet;
thence West along a line parallel with said South line of the
' Sovtthwest quarter of the said Northeast quarter to the Fast line
• of LaurelmWilbur Road #1404; thence Northcrly in a straight line
to e point in the North line of the Sourheast quarter of the
Southwest quarter of safd Northeast quarter, said line running
along the East side of said road to the point of curve in said
roa and then continuing Norttl; thence East along the NorCh line
oF he Southeast quarter of the Southwest quarter of said Northeast
quarter to the East line of the Southwest quarter of said Northeast
qv5xter, which line is also thc West line o£ PINECROFT; thcncc
South elong the East line of the Southwest quarter of said Northeast
quarter to the point of beginiiing;
ALL situ8te in the County of Spokane, State of Washington.
. _ •
, . . .
FORM G
ZOr3ING WORKSH'EET
~erification
This document will provide the Planninq Department Staff with written~
that : i. The sites legal description has been reviewed and approved by a licensed
surveyor.
2. That the proposed develooment meets the requirements of the County Health
District, the County Engineers and the County Utilities Department.
3. That the proposed development can be provided adequate water ior domestic
commercial or industrial uses.
An applicant is required to present a copy of the proposed development plan to each
of the above listed agencies for their review and determination as to whether the
proposal meets minimum State and County requirements. M
r
~
PAR - To be completed by Licensed Survewor. _
The leqal descrip Zone Reclassification
has been reviewed by me or uy_ supervision in accordance.
Siqned Date,
Surveyor's SeW r
PART II - To be completed by Health District
Health District req uirements for the proposed development have been satisfied .
c ~ ; d
~
Signed ` Date `
Comments :
-1-
. • • .
Zoninq Worksheet (Continued)
PART III - To be completed by Countv Enq ineer
Spokane Covnty Engineers requirements for the proposed development have been
satisfied.
_ Wa Signed te
t~-~--
~
PART IV - To be completed by Svokane Countv IItilities Department
Spokane County Utilities Department requ'irements for the proposed deveiopment have
been satisfied.
,
d
Signe Date
7r
~
Comments: ~
,
i
~
,
PART V - To be completed by Water Purvevor
The proposed development is located within the
district boundaries.
We are able to supply this development with adequate water.
Purveyor's Name Date
Signed Title
Comments:
-2-
. I
2oninct Worksheet (Continued)
PIANNIIL'G DEPARTMENT REVIEW:
A. An engineering report and plans for the proposed sewage system
REQ UIRED
YES NO
B. A storm drainage plan for the pmposal
RTQUIRED
YES NO
C. A Specific landscape plan
REQUIRED
YES NO
D. Other Plan requirements or Comments:
DATE ZOIVIiVG ADMINISTRATOR
~
L1ATE CURRENT PLAN1vING ADMINISTRATOR
-3-
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~ai~d time ~nd ~lac~ a~y inter~st~d p~rsan m~ay appear f~r~ +~r ~g~inst, th~ granti~g r~f ~'4~:, ~ ~ ,
thls a~plicatt~n,
erru~e Er~-
AGE~1~A, Q~C'~aBE~ 1~78 TELEPH~l1~E N(~.; ~5fi-22~1~ ~
s~~a~~~ ~c~ur~~ ~~r~r~r~ x~~~r~ ~~r~r~~ ~~fJ ~C~ ~1~,
~'1Cd'lE',: ~f~.4~.~}~, 'QC~QbGC' 1~7~, A,~,
Pl~c~; Bro~dway C~~kre ~u~l~ing, ~~cv~d ~1Q~r
North 7~1 j~f~ers~n Stre~t, Spvkane
Z~NE F~E~~ASSIF~~CI~~ION
'7
a. ~oc~tian: ~~~tic~n 9►T~wn~hi~ ~5 N,,Ran~e 44,~,~N.M.
Tracts 3~, 31 ara~ ~4 of Pi~+~croft and th~t
p~rxi~n c~f Tra;ct~ and z8 ly~ing ~~~uth af a b~undary lir~~ drawn fr~m a p~int ~n
the ~asrern b~unda~y 5~ fe~t r~arth of the ~E ~orner ~f Tra~~ ~8 t~ ~ p~int the
~restern l~trundary of Trac~ ~7 ly~ng 22~ feeC nt~rth ~f the SV~' c~rn~r Qf ~aid
Lc~k 2~; TC~~ETHER wi~h that portic~n of the SE 1/4 af th~ ~1N I~4 ~f khe NE 1/4
of S~~t~an ~ d~sc~~b~+~ as foll~ws: B~ginninq a~ ~'he SE ~om~r of th~ S~ ~/4. ~f
~a~id ~'E 1~'4; thence w~st along t~e ~~u~h 1~~e of th~ ~~V 1,~4 t~e NE I/4,
,~~1 ~E~kr R`~~C~ '~C ~.~~Sr tC~ th~ ~~5~ Y/{~ ~~Il~ ~C7~ ~~~V~~a ~~C~2t~ ~S ~St~}.7~~$~1~
~ iks ~1a~ of Pineccr~~t First Add~tian; t~enc~ North SO fee~; thence V►le~k ~l~~g
a~ line p~arall~l with ~~,id Souk~r ~ine of t~e SW 1~'~ c~f th~ ~aid N~ 1/'4 tc~ the
~ask lin~ of ~au~~l-VVilbur R~~d #~4Q4; th~nce Nly in a srraight line to a p~~nt
ir~ ~he r~o~th l~n~ af rhe SE 1/~ af tt~e S~v i/~ c~f sa~d i~E 1/4, said lin+~ ~nn~ng
a~lang t~~ E~ast sid~ ~~f said r~ad ~~►e point ~f c~rv~ in said r~a~ an~ t'hen
c~n~inu~r~g n~rth; tl~~n~c~ ~ast alc~n~g th~ narth li~~ ~f th~ SE c~f tl~~ ~W 1f4
of s~id ~'E ~,~4 t~ th~ ~ast line c~f tt~e S~ ~f said ~E 1/4 w~i~ch lir~e ~ls~
the ~r~s~t l~n~ of P~ne~r~ft; ther~ce s~utYr a~~n~q the east line ~f ~h~ 5~ ~/4 of
said NE 1/4 to the P(}B, ~Betw~en V~~1bur amd P~rrine, a~proximat~ly 40(~ f~et
n~~th ~f ~VI~n~#ie~~ ,~v~nue , ~
b, ~+pplican~: G~n~rin~ Suilders, Inc~
E~st 9~~6 ~uf~~ttg~m~ry A~venu~
Spoka~n~, WA 9~2~~
S~ite S ize: 4 A~r~~
£xistir~~ Zonin~g: Agri~ultural, ~s~a~lishe~ April 24, 1~4~ ~1t~
e, Prapc~s~~d Z~n~ng: l~~ultip~le Family Subur~an '
f, ~'r~pas~~ LI~~ of P"rop~rty: ~p~rkm~flts ~~~~~`r'
g, ~pplic~t~~r~ of '~~t~it~g~ ~rc~vi~i~n: ~h.apter 4, 21, S~ctian 4, 21, 040
h, Er~~~r~r~m~ntal Impact: A tapic af c~i~cus~i~~ at t~i~ h~arfn~ ma~r b~
~u~et~~~ ~r r~~t this pr~~~s~l wi~l ~;ave a~~~nificant adv~rs~ ~nvfranm~nt~I impa~ct
"la~nning
~~Ag ~Commiss~o~r