CUE-17-65
,
' Chemical Safety Data Sheet SD-80
PROPERTIES AND ESSENTIAL INFORMATION
FOR
SAFE HANDLING AND USE
OF
CHLORINE
.
ADOPTED 1960
~
Chemicelji In any form oon be safely itored, handled or uced if
' fhe physicol, chemical and hazatdous properties ore fvlly vnder•
.rood and thc necescory prccavfions, induding Ihe use of proper
sofeguards and pononal prateNive oquipment, an obsorred.
t,32 I N G
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~ S M
~ ~~~INrf
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f °~r ~ r tioa'....
Manufacturing Chemists' Association, Inc.
1825 ConnecNcut Avenue, N. W., Washington 9, D. C.
i
i .
The General Safety Committee of the Manufatturing Chemists' Association wishes
to acknowledge the cooperation of the Chlorine Institute Inc. in the preparation
of this chemical safety data sheet.
Copyrighf 1960 by Monufacturing Chemists' Associaiion, Inc.
The information ond recommendotions contained in this publication have been compifed from sources belreved to
be reliable and lo represenf fho besf current opinion on /he rubjeci. No warranfy, guarantee or representation
rs made by fhe Assocration as to the absolWe correctrtess or sutiiciency of uny representation contarned in this and
other Sofety Dala Sheets and Manvals, and the Manufacturing Chemrs}s' Association assumos no responsibility in
connoction therewith; nor can it be assumed that afl accoptoble safety measures are coniained in this and other
Saiety Data Sheets and Manuals, or ►hvt othor or add'rtionaf ineasures mar noi be required urtder pariicular or
exceptiona) cond'rirons or circumsfances.
Chemical Safety Data Sheet
CHLORINE
PREFACE
Chlorine is classified by the Interstate Commerce Commission as a
. nonflammable compressed gas. In commerce, chlorine is a liquefied
gas under pressure. Chlorine in containers has both a liquid and a gas
phase. All containers used in the transportation of chlorine, as well '
as all means of transportation, are controlled by strict government
regulations.
When liquid chlorine is exposed to the atmosphere it vaporizes
readily to gas. Liquid chlorine may cause skin and eye burns upon
contact with the5e tissues.
Chlorine gas is primarily a respiratory irritant. In sufficient concen-
trations, it wil) irritate the mucous membrane5, the respiratory system
and the skin. In extreme cases, difficulty in breathing may increase to
the point where death can occur from suffocation. Chlorine produces
no known cumulative effects.
I Chlorine gas is so intensely irritating that concentrations of 3 to 5
ppm. (by volume) in air are readily detectable by the norma) person.
Its greenish yellow color makes it visible when high concentrations are
present. A concentration of one ppm. may produce slight symptoms
after several hours exposure but careful examination of workers
exposed daily to low concentrations (below 1 ppm.) reportedly has
shown no chronic systemic effects.
The full text of this data sheet should be consulted for details of
the hazards of chlorine and suggestions as to their control.
I
FIRST AID - PAGE 24
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Preface 4
1. NAMES 5
2. PROPERTIES 5
2.1 Grade S
2.2 Properties and Characteristics 5
3. HAZARDS 7
3.1 Health Hazards 7
3.2 Other Hazards 7
4. ENGINEERING CONTROL OF HAZARDS 7
4.1 Building Design 7
4.2 Piping-Dry Chlorine 9
4.3 Piping-Wet Chlorine Gas 10
4.4 Heating and Ventilatin9.................................................................... 10
5. EMPLOYEE SAFETY 11
5.1 Employce Educotion and Training 11
5.2 Personal Protective Equipment 11
6. EMERGENCY MEASURES 12
6.1 General 12
6.2 Finding Leaks 12
6.3 Emergenry Assistance 12
6.4 Fire 13
6.5 Conirolling leaks 13
6.6 Preparations for Handling Emergencies . 13
7. HANDLING AND STORAGE......... 14
7.1 Chlorine Shipping Containers............................................................ 14
7.2 Handling Resirictions 18
7.3 Cylinders ond Ton Containers............................................................ 18
7.4 Multi-Unit Tank Cars.......................................................................... 20
7.5 Single-Unit Tank Cars 20
7.6 Tank Barges 22
7.7 Stationary Storage 22
8. TANK AND EQUIPMENT CLEANING AND REPAIR 22
8.1 Preparation 22
8.2 Entering Tank 22
8.3 Exterior Rcpairs 23
9. WASTE DISPOSAL 23
10. MEDICAL MANAGEMENT 23
10.1 Health Hczards 23 I
10.2 Preventive Health Measures 24 1
10.3 Suggestions to Physicians.................................................................... 24
11. FIRST AID 24
11.1 General 24
11.2 Contect with Skin or Mucous Membranes.......................................... 24
11.3 Contact with ihe Eyes..................................................... 24
11.4 Taken Internally 25
11.5 Inhalation 25
11.6 Other Measures 25
11.7 First Aid Treatment............................................................................ 25
CHLORINE Manufoduring Chemit►s' Associotion, Inc. Htaovol
- - Sheef
SD-80
Chemical Safety Data sheet
CHLORINE
ADOPTED MAY 1960
1. NAMES
Chemical Nlame: Chlorine
Common Namc: Chlorine
Formula: Cl2
2. PROPERTIES
2.1 GRADE
Commercial (liquid)
22 PROFERTIE5 AND CNARACTERIST'ICS
Physical Gas at atmospheric temperatures and pressures. Chlorine
in commerce is a liquefied gas under pressuee; the chlorine
in containers has both a liquid and a gas phase.
Boiling Point __-34.05°C. (-29.29°F.)
Color-__ Gas-greenish yellaw
Liquid-clear amber
Critical 35.771b./ft.' (573 g./1.)
, Critical Pressure_______ .__..aw_....I11$.4psia. (76.1 atmos.)
Critical Temperature ______.a.___.._~__~_______ 144°C. (291 °F.)
Critical Volume__W__..._._________---------- 0.02796 ft.3/lb. (0.001745 I./g.)
Dry gas-0.2003 lb./ft.s (3.209 g./I.)
at 0°C. (32°F.) and 1 atmos.
Saturated gas-9.7537 Ib./ft.s (12.07 g./I.) at 0°C. (320F.)
Liquid-91.67 lb./ft.'` (1468 g./l.) flt 0°C. (32°F'.)
-88.791b./ft.' (11.871b./gal.) at 15.60C. (600F.)
(See Figure 1)
....................~__Chlorine, gas or liquid, is non-explosive and nonflammable;
, however, like oxygen it is capable of supporting the com-
bustion of certain substances. iVlany organic chemicals
react readily with chlorine, in some cases with explosive
violence.
Latent Heat of Vaporization Y....v_..._.~__.123.7 BTU/lb. (68.7 g. cal./g. at -34.05°C. (-29.290F.)
Liquid-Gas Votume Relationship--------- The weight of one volume of liquid chlorine equals the weight
of 457.6 volumes of chlorine gas at 0°C. (32°F.) and
1 atmos. (14.696 psia. ) .
Melting Point ._..e. - l 00.98 ° C. ( -149.76 °F. )
Characteristic penetrating and irritating ador.
Reactivity
- With Chlorine is only slightly soluble in water. Whcn it rcacts
with pure water, weak solutions of hypochlorous and hy-
drochloric acids aee formed. Chlorinc hydratc (C14.8H=0),
may crystalize below 49.3°F.
Witii Metals.Y_.__....-__._. _~______Tcmperatures cncountered in normal uses of chlorine do not
exceed 230`F. 13elow this temperature. copper, iron, lead,
nickel, platinum, silver, steel and tantalum are chemically
resistant to dry chlorine, gas or liquid. Certain coppcr
and ferrous alloys, ineluding Hastelloy "C", Monel, and
5
titanual Manufacturing Chemists' Associafion, fnc. CHLORINE
Sheet
SD-80
Tyges 304 and 316 stainless steel also are resistant. The
reaction rate of chlorine with most metals increases with
exxreme rapidity above certain temperatures, beyond which
construction matcrials must be selected wit6 great carc;
these temperatures are considerably lower if the mctal or
alloy is in finely-divided, powdered, sponge, or wire form.
Dry chlorine reacts with aluminum, arsenie, gold, mercury,
selcnium, tellurium, tin snd titanium. Aluminum ignites
in chlorine at minus 4°F. At certain temperatures, potas-
" sium and sodium burn in chlorine gas. Carbon steel
ignites at 4830F. Antimony, arsenic, bismuth, boron,
copger, iron, phosphorus, and certain of their alloys, in
finely-divided, powdered, spange or wire form ignite spon-
taneously in chlorine.
Moist chlorine, primarily because of the hydrochloric and
hypochlorous acids formed through hydrolysis, is very
corrosive to all common metlls. Gold, platinum, silver
and Utanium are resistant. At temperatures below 3000F.,
tantalum is totally inert to wet (and ciry) chlorine. Moisi
chlorine eeacts readily with mercury.
With Qther Elements_ Chlorine unites, under specific conditions, with most of the
elements; thesc rcactions may be extremely rapid. At the
boiling point of chlorine it reacts with sulfur. It dhes not
react dircctly with oxygen or nitrogen; the oxides and
nitrogen compounds are well known, but can only be pre-
pared by indirect methods. Mixtures of chlorine and
hydrogen composed of more than 5 percent of either com-
ponent can react with explqsive violence, forming hydrogen
chloride.
With Inorganrc Campnunds..__ The preparation of soda and lime bleaches (sodium and
calcium hypochlorite) are typical reactions of chlorine
with the alkalies and alkaline earth metul hydroxides; the ~
hypochloritcs formed are powerful oxidizing agents. Be- I
cause of its great affinity for hydrogen, chlorine removes
hydrogen from some of its eompounds, such as the reac- I,
tion with hycirogen sulfidc to form hydrochloric acid and
sulfur. Chlorine reacts with ammonia or ammonium cpm- !
pouncls to form various mixtures af chloramines clependine
on the conditions. One of these, under proper conditions. I
might be the explosive nitrogen trichloride.
With Organic Compounds .W------- Chlorine reacts with organic compounds mnch the same as
with inorganics to form chlorinated derivatives and hy-
drogen chloride. Some of these reactions can be explosive,
including those with hydrocarbons, alcohols and ethers,
and proper methods must be applied in operations in which
they are involved.
SolubIlity in Figure 2.
Below 9.6°C. (49.31F.) chlorine hydrlte, Cl2.8H.0. may
crystallize.
Specific Gravity _____Dry gas-2.482 at 0°C. and l atmos. ~
0
Liquid-1.468 at 4, C. and 53.15 psia. (3.617 atmos.)
Speeific Dry gas-O.l 13 BTU/1b./°F. (0.113 g. cal./g./°C.) at con-
stant pressure for chlorine gas at 100 psia. or less between
-l.l°C. and 26.70C. (30°F. and 800F.)
Dry gas-0.0832 Btu/Ib./°F. (0.0832 g. cal./g./°C.) at
constant volume for chlorine gas at ] 00 psia. or less be-
tween - l.l °C. and 26.7°C. (300F. and 80°F.)
Liquid-0.236 Btu/lb./°F. (0.236 g. cal./g./°C.) for liyuid
6
i
I CHLORINE Manufacturing Chemists' Assaciatiarr, IFIC_ AI411YOI
5he~i
SD-d0
at equilibrium bctwecn -1,1'C xnd 26,7°C. ( 30°F and
C,lCw.-1.355-Ratio oF gas speciFic heat at constant pres- I
sure #o specific heat at caostart# valurne.
~ Spccific Dr}' gas--4,992 ft,~flb. at 0°C. (32°F,) and 14.696 psia,
( 1 atrnos, )
Saturated gas-1.327 f0flb. at 011 C_ (32OF.)
Liquid-0_0 109 1 ft."flb at0°C_ (320 F_)
Vapar Prc~ssure------------------------------- ~ee Figore 3.
At 0 °C. (32 0 P ) the vapor pressure is 5 3.]55 p~ia_ (3_617
atmm- )
Viscasih'----------------------------------Oas-About the qamc as that af wurated stcam between
I atmOS_and IUatmos,
Liquid-About ane-thiecl that of water at the same ternpera-
ttire fram OcC, to 65,6°C. (32°F, ta 150°F,).
Volurne Temperature Ralatianship---------Thc volurnc oP liquid chlorine increases rapidly as its tarn-
perature increases (See Figure 4.)
3. HAZARp$
3,1 HEALTH HAZARDS many substancas. It will react wit h alrnost al1 the
Liquid chldrane is -I skln irritant; prolonged con- cIenients and with many rnorganic and organic com-
tdct will produce "burns." Liquid chlorine in the P°unds} usuaIty with the evolntion of Iteat. At ele,
cyes will cauxe severe damage. When exposed to vatecl temperatures it reacts vigorously with rnost
normal atmospheric pressure and temperature it metals (5ea Sect, 2.2)
VBporixes i[1 gas_
Chlorine gxs is primarily a resp1fatOry ixritant. 3•2.3 VoCumetric Expan4on
irr Cpnc(.Rtratiom exceeding 15 ppm it will irritate 'I'he volume of liquid chlorinc increascs c.on-
tI1C mucpuS merr7bfaf1e5, tha respiratary system and siderably witly increasing tempcrature_ Precautions
the ~,kin fn extrcme cases, #he diffculty of breath- niust be taken to avoid hydrastatic rupture of con-
ingrniy increase #o the point whare death can accur tainers or ather equipmenE filled with liquid chlorine,
fmm suffocation. For rnore details see Sec#, 10,
3_1 I Warning Propertieii 3,2.4 Corrosive Actian
The characteristic penetrating odor oE chlorine At ordinary ternperatures, dry chloriae: eithar
gas gives warning of its presence in ti~e air, its ILquid or gas, doas no# corroda steal, {For othar
greenish yellow color rnakes it visible when Migli con- materials used in piping systems see Sect. 4,3 and 2.2.
centra[ions are pre_cent_ In the presence of rnoisture. however, highly corro-
sive conditians exist as aresult of the formation of
3.2 OTHER HAZARDS hydrocliloric and hypochlorous acids_ Every pre-
3,2.1 Fire Hazarde caufrort rrrusi be tuken da keep ch[orrne ard chlurrrie
ChlonnC is ncither explosivc nor flammsble; sqzrrpmen1 free from n:orsrure. Pipa lines, valves,
however, chlarinc will support combustion, artd coRtainers niust be tightl}+ closed when not in
u~C tq kCep put mp»turp, frnm the dir Nevef use
3 2_2 CFreusical Actiott wrafer on u chlorrne feak bccausc resultirtg corrosive
Chlarine has a very strong chamical a8'inity far conditions alivays make thc 1cak worsc.
4. EfVGI1VEERINC COiV7ROL OF HAIARDS
4.1 SUiLDING DESYGkN equignient should be Iocated in an isalated roam
h3ving floors aod walls oF firetresistant coostruc#ion.
4.1, 1 General Standara fire walls may be neadfd ta separate chlo-
Shipping containers and equiprnent contaiRing rine equipment frorn flammable materisls. Sub-
' chlorkne preferably should ba lacated indoors, in a surPacc locations should be avaided; if impossible, an
suitable fire-resistant building. If a separate build- adeqaata exhaust zystem should be~ provided (Sec
zU i4 not prowided, the chlorine c.ontainers and Stct.4,4)
7
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CHLORINE Manufacturing Chemists' Associaiion, Inc. Mnnvol
- Shrot
50.80
Not less than two means of exit should be pro- '
vided from each separate room or building in which Table 4.2.1(b) Copper and Copper Alloy
chlvrine is stored, handled, or used. All exit doors Construction Moterials for Dry
should open out. Chlorine
COPPER TUBE
4.1.2 Aandling Equipment 3/16" to 14" Soft seamless copper fube
Careful consideration should be iven to meth- o0 3/16" OD. Minimvm woll 0.032"
g LQ" to 4h" OD. Minimum wal) 0.035"
ods of handling containers, such as height of ceilings t, A41-- OD. Minimum woll 0.049'•
for overhead hoisu or strength of Hoors for mechani- VA^ to lS`c" Copper water wbe, fype K. soA per ASTH4
cal handling equipment, to ensure their adequacy. nomznoi 888. The OD of rypa K watcr tubo is
14" larger thnn Ihe nominal size
FITTINGS
4.2 PIFING--DRY CHLORINE 3/16" to V:" union fype Wirti ioad 9askdT:; entn9:
OD brazod ro tubing. Three-pieee flare rype,
Piping described ll] this section pertains only ZO Parker Triple-lok or oqual. Srraight
pcrmanent piping. For information OII container bodiee and nuts: bross bantock; shaped
unloading connections see Sect. 7. bodics: brazs forgingr, sleeves, copper
:iricon
4.2.1 CvnslrueliUn AlalCrialB 1h+" to 1►4" Wrought coppe► soldor joinf flMings.
nominal (Joints should be made wkh o brozing
aUoy conroining no fin)
Table 4.2.1(a) Steel Conafruction Materials
for Dry Chlorine at Service
Temperatures between -20op 4.2.1.1 Steel
and 300°F Suegested steel pipe and fittings for dry ehlo-
PiPe rine service are listed in Table 4.2.1 (a). T4 insurc
3~4'• and ove► Carbon steel, eeamless Schedule 60 rigiC~ily and to reduce the possibility of leaks, Sched-
fi»ings (except ~xM~ ule 80 (extra heavy) pipe, not less than 3/~" IPS, and
unions) earresponding fittings should be used.
34" and vndar Porged carbon tleei, 3000:#CWP,
screwed or socket weld , 4.2.1.2. (.oj)(1P.7'
AII fius Forpod or casf carbon ttaol, 300.#ASA
flangod; or :oamloss carbon stool, Suggested copper ancl coPper alloy tubing and
Schedule eo, buet .,eld fittings for dry chlorine service are listed in Table
Unions
1" and under Flangod joinK aro profnrod. 3000#- 4.2. 1 (b).
CWP lhreoded or sockef weld ueFoae
can be used 4.2.2 Layout
Flanges
1" and under Two-boll ommonia Aange un6ons, Sa0- 4.2.2.1 General
#CWP (screwad onds) can bo usod Piping arrangements should be as simple 3S
All ei:es Forged carbon sfael, 900#ASA (weld
neck type preferrod) possible, V1'1[h a minimum number c)f serewed Ol'
vaivo: flanged joints. Piping systems shoulct bc well sup-
1%° and undar s«aW ona O.S. a r., or sqvol, globs porred, protected again5t extremes in temperatuee,
valves wilfi bolled bonnet and oFamd. and adequately Sln}IEd to allOR' drainage (IOW SPOtS
Forged corbon steel 6ody, bonnef
ond yoke, Monei or Ho:reuoy "e° should be iivoided). Suitable allowancrs should be
trim. 3Ks" chb.ino in:tirore Srandnrd provided for pipe expansian due to changes in tem-
Ton camaina► voiv0s or modi0ed perature. All pipinb should be laid at an elevation
ron contalnar valvee olso eon ba (hat leaves adcyuate clearance,
used. (See Table 4.2.1(b))
All eizes Same construclion, wilh Aanged •nds 4.2.2.2 Ezpansian
Flanga fadngs ASA 816.5 (dimeneions) smal) tongvo
and sroovo o. 1/16" raised faee. Long pipe lines for liqaid chlorine should be
Two-bolt oval Aango:, longvo and avoided. tVever t![t(J ttQ'lt![1 ehlorine bet.veen l1V0
groove, to manufcclurer's :,onaa.d s{icst-off valves unless the line is protected with a suit-
I• Gasket Bondod asbestos fiber per Mll A 17472 tihle expansion chamber.
~ or 4-4°6 antimony Iead
Poeking Oil free grophiti:ed aibeetoe, Garlock 4.2.2.3 ContlensntioR
7130 special, or eqvol
Goges Prouuro gagos protected by n sllver or Condensation OI reliquefaction Of chlorine
tontnlum dFaphragm. Pretavre ►ango may occur in ehlorine gas lines which pass through
to rwico oporoting prossure; ronge
of 0.250 pei for genarol purposes areas where the temperature is below the tempera-
Walding rod Fo► gas wolding: ASTM A-251 Type ture-pressure equilibrium indicated in the vapor pres-
GA60 sure curve (see Figure 3). Condensation can bc
Gor o.c wolding: ASTM A-233 Typa prevcnted by supplying properly controlled heat or
E-6010 , by reduring the pressure.
9
Manual Manufacturing Chemists' Associafion, Inc. CHLORINE
Shoct I
sc-eo
4.2.3 Installxtion ties of chlorine gas then should be introduced into
It is recommended that chlorine pipe line joints the line, the test pressure built up with dry air, and
be flanged or welded. (See Table 42. l(a) for the system tested for leaks as described in Section
welding rod.) If threaded joints are required, ex- 6.2 rVever ntrempt to repair leciks by welclrtrg until
treme care should be taken to obtain clean, sharp, ull chlorine hus been purged from the system. When
threads; two or three cuts may be necessary to pro- deteciable leal:s have been repaired, the line should
cluce the desired perfect thread. Cut pipe should be be retested at the service pressure.
re<<mecf aftcr threading and the threads should be
wsished with trichlorethylenc tn removc cutting oils. 43 NIPING-WET CHI,ORINE GA5
A linseed oil and white lead paste is recommended Wei chlorine is very corrosive to all of the com-
as a pipe dope; it should he applied carefully to the mon construction metals. At low pressures, wet chlo-
male thread only to prevent its entrance mto the rine cao be handled in chemical stoneware, concrete
piping system. For permancnt jaints, freshly pre- glass or porcelain equipment, and by certain special
pared litharge ancl glycerin also can be used. alloys (see Sect. 2). Hard rubber, unplasticized
4.2.4 Preparation for Uee polyvinylchloride, Haveg, glass-fiber reinforeed He-
tron resin, Kel-F, Saran anci Teflon have been used
4.2.4.1 Cleaning suceesstully. AU of these materials must be selected
During erection, cutting oil, grease and other with great care. For higher pressures, combinations
foreif;n material inside pipe lengths and fittings using resistant lining materials with the common
should be removed by methods such as ftushing or metlls foe strength should be used. Gold, platinum,
pulling through eaeh length a clpth saturatcd with silver, and titanium arc resistant. Tantalum is totally
trichlorethylene or vther suitable chlorinated solvent. inert to both wet and dry chlorine at temperatures
Never rese hydrUCnrbons or alcohols /or deuning. below 3000F. In gcneral, aperations employing the
New valves or other eyuipment reeeiveci in an oily use o[ Nvet chlcarine are of a special nature and require
conditiqn should be dismanded and cleaned before individual study. Chlorine and equipment suppliers
use. Valves should be tested with dry 150 psi air can make recommendations only aEter careful survey
having a clew point of -40°F. or below for seat of all factors involved.
tightness before installation.
Caution! Certain chlorinated solvents, such 4.4 IIEATING AND YENTiLA'1'ING
as carbon tetrachloricie, can prociuce very serious 4.4. ] Heatine
physiological effects unless ❑sed in strictest compli-
ance with the solvent manufacturer's safety recom- If comfort heating is provided, care should be
mendations. exercised to avoid overheating chlorine containers
and equipment (see Sect. 4.2.2.3).
4.2.4.2 Hydrostatic Teatiitg 4.4.2 V"entilating
For greatest safety, chlorine piping systems In designins a ventilating system, the conse-
should be hydrostatieally testeci to 300 psig pressure quences of a chlorine leak should be considered. In
before thc system iS clncd.
some cases nariiral ventilation may be adequate; in
4.2.4.3 Drving others, ventilation by means of a suitable fan should
During ercctinn, moisture may enter the sys- be provided. A one to four minute rate of air
tem from the atmosphere or other sources. For this chanoe may be required in an emergency. Precau-
reu.~•on, pipe lfnes musr always be dried before cise. tions must be taken to avoid clischaeging chlorine into
This can be done by passing steam through the lines ~~eas where it can cause damage or in~ury.
from the high end, allowing condensate and foreign 4.4.2.1 Ventilating Fans
matter to drain out. Steaming should be continued
until the line is thorou hl heated. '"he stcam su - ~f ducts are not necessary a wall-type exhaust ~
p fan may be satisfactory if it can be located near the
ply then should be clisconnected and, while the line
is still hot, dry air having a dew point of -401F or ftoor of sn outsidc wall. Where ducts are required „
below should be blawn through the lines until the to bring air to the fan and carry it to a safe point of
wet and dry bulb temperatures of the ciischarge air discharge outside the building, a pressure-type fan is
equal those of the entering air. This may require needed. Switches for all ventilating fans should be
several hours. provided outside of chlorine rooms or buildings even
when an inside switch is installed.
42.4.4 GaR TeRting
After drying, the system should be filled with 4.4.2.2 Air Operzings
dry 150 psi air and tested for leaks by application of Chlorine gas is heavier than air and has a
soapy water to the outsicle n/ jnints. Small quanti- tendency to collect at floor level. The suction of
10
CHLORINE Manuioduring Chomisfs' Associafion, Mc. M°"1TOl
Shoot
so.so
, ventilating fans should be located at or near ftoor in the room. Multiple fresh air inlets and fan suc-
level. Fresh air inlets should be located to providc tions may be necessary to exhaust air &om some
cross ventilation and to prevent developing a vacuum cquipment areas.
5. EMPLOYEE SAFETY
5.1 EDZI'LOYEE EUUCATTON AND TRAINING tions, adequate ventilation, and intelligent conduct
on the part of employees working with chloriae, it is,
Safety in handling chlorine degends, to a great in many instances, the only practical means of pro-
extent, upon the efiectiveness of employee education, tecting the worker, partieularly in emergency situa-
proper safety instructions, intelligent supervision and tions. Oae should keep firmly in mind that personal
the use of safe equipment. protective equipment protects only the worker wear-
Thc cducation and training of employees to work ing it, and other unprotected workers in the area may
safcly and to use personal protective equipment and be cxposed to danger.
other safeguards provided for them is the responsi- The correct usage of personal protective equip-
hility of supervision. Trainrng classes for borh new ment requires the education of the worker in proper
and old einployees should be conducted periodical(y employment of the equipment available to him. Un-
to maintain a high degree of safery in hnndling pra- der conditions which are su$'iciently hazardous to
cedcsres. Employees should be thoroughly informed reyuire personal protective equipment, its use should
of the hazards that may result from improper han- be supervised and the type of protective equipmcnt
dling of chlorine. They should be cautioned to pre- selected should be capable of control over any poten-
vent leaks and thqroughly instrueted regsrding proper tial hazard.
action to take in case they occur. Each employee
should know what to do in an emergency and should The following personal protective equipment
be fully inforined as to first aid measures, should he used when indicated.
In addition to the above, employee educativn and 5.2.2 E}e Protection
training should include the following: 5.2.2.1 Chemicnl Sa/et_y Goggles
(a) Instructibn and periodic drill pr quiz regard- Cup-rype or rubber framed goggles, equip-
ing the lorations, purpose, and use of emergency fire ped with the approved impact resistant glass or plas-
fighting equipment, fire alarms and cmergency shut- tic lenses, should be worn whenever there is danger
down equipment such as valves and switches. of chlorinc coming in contact with the eyes. Goggles
(b) Instruction and periodic drill or quiz regard- shoultl be carefully fitted.
ing the locations, purposc, and usc of pcrsonal pro-
tective equipment. Employees should be cautioned 5.2.2.2 Spectacle-TypP Sa/ety Gogglea
to consider the safety of other people in the area Metal or plastic rim safety spectacles with
before undertaking operations which may require the unperforated side shiclds which can be obtained with
wearing of respiratory proteetive equipment. prescription safety lenses or suitable all plastic safety
(c) Instruction and periodic drill or quiz regard- €ogeles may be used where continuous eye protecdon
ing the locations, purpose, and use of safcty showers, i5 desirablc, as in laboratories. These types, how-
eye baths, bubbler drinking fountains, or the closest evcr, should ndt be used where complete eye protec-
source of water for use in emergencies. tion against ehlorine is needed.
(d) Instruction or periodic drill or quiz re- 5.2.2.3 Face ShieIds
garding the locations, purpose, and use of re5piratory I-iastic shields (full Iength, eight inch mini-
first aid equipment. mum) with forehead protcetion may be worn in
(e) Instrvction to avoid inhalation of vapors of addition to chcmical safety gog,gles where complete
chlorine and all direct contact with the liquid. facc pratectian is desirable. Chemicsl safety goggles
(f) Instruction to report to the proper authority should ahvays be worn as added protection where
all equipment failures. there is danger of material strikiag the eyes from
underneath or around the sides of the face shield.
5.2 I'ERSONAL PRQTECTIYE EQUIPAZENT 5.2.3 Respiratory Protectic►n
5.2.1 AvailAhility and Uae Severe exposure to chlorine may occur in tanks
during eyuipment cleaning and repairs, when decon-
While personal protective equipment is not an taminating areas following spills, or in case of failure
adequate substitute for good, safe working condi- of piping or equipment. Employees who may be
11
1
Manual Manvfacturing Chemists' Association, Inc. CHIORINE
Sheet
SD-80
subject ta such exposures should be provided with blower must be placed in an area free of contam-
proper respiratory protection and trained in its use inants.
anci care. Available types are described below. (e) Air-li,ie 119asks supplied v.ith clean com-
NOTE: Respiratory protective equipment must pressed air are suitable for use only where conditions
be carefully maintained, inspected, cleaned and ster- will permit safe escape in case of failure of the com-
ilized at regular intervals, and always before and prGSSQd air supply. These masks are usually sup-
aftcr u.w by another person. plied with air piped to the area from a compressor.
(a) Self-conrained Breathin A It is extremely important that the air supply is taken
g pparatus which from a safc sourcc, ancl that it is not contaminated by
permits the wearer to carry a supply of oaygen or oil decomposition from inadequate c~aoling at the
~~ir compressed in ehe cylinder, and the self-gener- compressor. The safer method is to use a separate
ating type which produces oxygen ehemically, allow compressor of the type not reyuiring internal lubrica-
considerablr mobili~y. The length of time a self- tion. Pressure reducing and relief vah~es, as well as
contained breathing apparatus provides protection suitable traps and filters, must be installed at all mask
varies according to the amount of air, oxygen or stations. An alternate lrrangement frequently used
regenerating material carried. Compressed oxygen is high pressure breathine air from standard (200 cu.
should not be used ~vhere there is dangcr of eontact ft.) cylinders, with a demand-type valve and face
with flammable liquids or vapvrs, especially in eon- p]ece. This arrangement may also be used with 50-
fined spaces such as tanks or pits. A special type of 100 Ib. clean piped plant air.
sclf-containcd brcathing apparatus may be used
which is provided wiih a small cylinder of compressed (d) Chenrical Cartrirlge Respirarors may be
air fo-- escape but is supplied with air through an used to avoid inhaling disagreeable but relativcly
air line for normal work purposes. harmless concentrations of chloride vapor. These
(b) Posrtive Pressure Hose Masks which are respirators, however, are not recommended for pro-
supplied by blowers requiring no internal lubrication. tection where toxic quantities may be encountered.
The wearer must bc able tp use thc same route for Cautivn! Filter type respirators do not offer
exit as for entrance and must take precautions to protection against aases and are unsuitable for use
kcep the hose line frec of entanglement. The sir when workino with chlorine.
6. EMERGENCY MEASURES
6.1 GENERAL 26° Be) ahvays should be available (household
ammonia is not strong enough). Cont<liners, piping
As soon as there is any indication of the presence and equipment should be checked for leaks daily.
of chlorine in the air, immcdiate steps should be
tlken to correct the conditian. Authorized, trsined
personnel equipned wlth suitubJe protective equip- 6.3 EMERCENCY ASSISTANCE
ment should investitatc. (See Sect. 5.2.) All other
persons should be kept away from the affected area If a chlorine leak ca►rnot be handled promptly by
until the cause of the leak has been ciiscovered and consaimer person►re1, the nearest office or plant of the
the trouble corrected. If the Ieak is extensive, an supplier should be called for assistance. If the sup-
effort should be maeie to warn all persons in the path plier cannor be reached, the nearest chforine produc-
of the fumes. Keep upwind of the leak and abave it. ing plant wiiere help is available should be called.
It is advisable to have a wind sack or weathervane Chlorine producing plants operate around the clock
installed in a prominent location. Glseous chlorine and can be reached by telephone at any time. The
tends to lie close to the ground because it is approxi- telephone numbers of the supplier and of the nearest
mately two and one-half times as heavy as air. chlorine producer able to provide assistance in
an emergency should be posted in suicable places
so that they will be quickly available if needed;
62 FINDING LEAKS these should be checked periodically to be sure that
the numbers are eorrect. When phoning for assist-
To find a leak, tie a clnth to the end of a stick, ance the following should be given:
snak the clnth with ammonia-water, and hold close
to the suspected area. (Avoid contact of ammonia- (a) Name of chlorine supplier;
water with brass.) A white cloud of gmmonium (b) Your company name, address, telephone
chloride will result if there is any chloride leakage. number, and the person or persons to contact for
A supply of strong ammonia-water (commercial further information;
12
1
CHLORINE Manufacfwing Chemiris' Associotion, Inc. Manual
- Sheef
SD-BO
' (c) Type, size (and serial number if possible) of (c) Call the chlorine supplier for emeegency
container or other equipment which is leaking; assistancc. (Scc 6.3).
(d) Nature, location, and cxtent of the leak; (d) If practical, reduce pressure in the con-
(e) Conective measures that are being applied. tainer by rcmoving the chlorine as gas (not as liquid)
to proccss or a dis}aosal system. (See 6,6.1).
b.4 FIRE (e) In some cases it may be desirablc to move
the eontainer to any isolated spot where it will cto
In case of fire. chlorine containers should be re- the least harm.
moved from the fire zone immediately. Tank ears 6.5.5 Leake in Transit
or barges should be disconnected and pulled out of
the danger area. If nn chlorine rs escQping, water If a chlorine leak develops in transit through a
should be applied to cool containers that cannot be populatecl area, it is generally advisable ro keep the
moved. All unauthorized persons should be kept vehicle or tank car moving until open country is
at a safc distanee. reached in order to disperse the gas and minimize
the hazards of its escape. Appropriate emergency
measures should then be taken as quickly as possible.
6.5 CONTttOLLING LEAKS (Sec 7.2.5 )
6.5J Avoid Water If a motor vehicle is wreckecl, leaking chlorine
Never use water on a chlorine 1eak. Chlorine containers should be positioned, if possible, so that
is only slightly soluble in water; also, the corrosive L1s only escapes, and then safely transferred to a
action of chlorine and water always will make a leak suitable conveyance and moved to a less hazardous
worse. ln addition, the heat supplied by even the area before 1tteinptins to stop the leaks. If a tank
coldest water applied to a leakine container will ear is wrecked and chlorine is leaking, the danger
cause liquid chlorine to evaporate faster. Never area should be evacuated and emergency clearing
f►nmerse or throw a leaking chlurine caitainer into operations should not be started until safe working
Q body of +vater; the lelk will be aggravated and the conditions have laecn restored. See 6.4 and 6.5.1
container may float when still partially full of liquid ►n event of fire.
chlorine, allowing gas evolution at the surface.
6.6 PREPARATIONS FOR HANI)LING
6.5.2 Equipment and Pipirig Leake E11fERGENCIES
IE a leak occurs in equipment in which chlorine 6.6.1 Alkali Absorption
is being used, the supply of chlorine shoulci be shut
off and the chlorinc which is under pressure at the
leak should be disposcd of. Table 6.6.1(a) Recommended Alkaline
6.5.3 Valve I.exke Solutions for Absorbing Chlorine
LOakS around VflIVC stems USUc1lly Ca11 bC Conloiner Govdic Sodo Sodo Ash Hydroled Limo•
sto ed b ti htenin the ackin nut or land b eoPecIty, 1oosb, wo►a. woref, water,
PP Y g g p g g Y lb rMo►l rb eor ib aoi ib
turning clockwrse. If this does npt stop the leak, the ioo 1u ao soo too 125 is
container valve should be closed, and the chlorine iso iea eo aso iso lea iea
which is under pressure in the outlet piping should be zooo 2500 soo 6000 2000 2500 2500
disposcd of. If a container valve does not Sf1Ui Off • Hydrotod limo wlufion most be continuously ond vigar-
i1g}lf, the outlet cap or plug should be applied. Ton ousty agitatod vrhile chlorino is to be obiorbed.
containers have two valves; in case of a valve leak,
the container should be ralled so the valves are in a
vertical plane with the lcaky valve on top. At regular points for storage and use, provisions
should be made for emergency disposal of chlorine
6.5.4 OthPr ('.ontainer Leaka from leaking cylinders or ton containers. Chlorine
f If confronted with other container leaks one or may be absorbed in solutions of caustic soda or
morc of the fotlowing should be considered. soda ash, or in agitated hydrated lime slurries.
Caustic soda is reeommended as it absorbs chlorine
(a) if a eontainer is leaking chlorine, turn it most readily. The proportions of alkali and water
so that gas instead of liyuid escapes. The quantity recommended for this purpose are given in Table
of ehlorine that escapes from a gas leak is about one- 6.6.1(a). A suitable tank to hold the solution should
fifteenth the amount that escapes from a liquid leak be provided in a convenient lacation. rVever immerse
throogh the same size holc. any container. Chlorine should be passed into the
(b) Apply appropriate emergency kit device, solution throagh an iron nipe or rubber hose properly
if available. (See 6.62). weighted to hold it under the surEace. (Sce 7.3.3.6.)
13
~
Mnnual ,4'lanufGC+urirtg Chemi#5' Aasociofion, fnc. CHLORINE
S heot
SD-9Q
6.6,2 Emergency Kite an mergeocy. Some consumers find it advisable #o
Mast chlorine suppliers have emergeocy kits and purchase kits and ta train cmployces tn their usa,
skiljed technicians to use thern_ 'C'hese kits mn be 6.6,3 Einergcncy Plans
nscd to stop rnost ]eaks in a chlorine cylindar, ton Chlorine consuroers, particularly largc voiurne
container, tank car or bargc tank and can usually be users, should prepare eFnargency control plans and
delivered to consumer plants within a few hours in oonduct penodic drills to ensure thcir effectiveness.
7. HANDLIIVC; APID StOFtACE
7.1 CHLOR1NE SHIPPING COIVTAINERS VL1aIdr aIld by the B.T.C.C.
7.1 _ l Gcncral Ioters tatc and foreign shipmen#s origiuating
Interstate Comrnercc Comrnission (I,C.C,) Reg- withio the limits of the United States must comply
ulations and Specifications are specifically refetred to with I.C.C. Rcgulations regarding laading, hsndliag,
throughout 7.1. Exccp# as otherwise noted. opera- aOd rnarking. V4 ater shipments also must comp7y
tions in Canacla are gaverned by iaentical Regula- with the U3, Coast Guard Regulations. (rn prac-
tion5 and Specifications of the Board of Transpart kic~e chloriue shippers da not diftrmtia#e between
Cammissioaers for Canada (B T.C,C.) inter- and intra-st-atc shipmen#s.)
'Che I.C.C. and the B,T.C.C use the service of Shipments in Canada most comply wtth the
the 01ireau of Explosives oF the Association of Amer- .B-T-C.C. Ragulations, I
ican Railroads :o carry out the re.quirements of the
taw. Reqoests for permits or far infarmatian con- 7,1,3 Labeling aad Identification
cerning the Regulations and Specifications in the 7,1,3.1 Esch containcr should car ideu-
United States should bc addressed #o the Boreau f3' an
at 63 Vesey Street, Idew Yark 7, New 1Corle, ti€ying labet or stencil. J
7.1,2 Shi ~n R Eationo 7.1. The Manufactunng Chf•nists' Asso-
FP~ ~ ~ ciation rccoramends the following in ac tition tq, oK
Liquid chiarine is classiFied as a nou-flammable in combination with: _aoy label warning{ cquired by
compressed gas bp the 1,C.C, and the US. Coa.5t sta#utes, regulations or ordinanocs:
CHLORINE
DANCER! HAZARDOUS LFOUID AP1D CAS
UIVDER PRESSURE
DO I*!OT HANpLE OR USE UNTIL SAFET1' PRECAUTIOhI$ REC-
OMMENDED BY 1NANUFACTURER HAVE BEEN READ ACVD
UNDERSTOOp.
Do not breathe air tontaining this gas.
Dv not get in eyes or on skin.
Do not heat cylinders.
Have ayailable emergency gas masks approved by U. S. Bureau
af Mines for Chlorine service,
In cpse of exposwre, move patient to fresh air, keep him warm
and quiet, and call a physician.
MCA Chemiaal Dada Shaet SD-60 aanildble
14
CHIORINE Manuiocturing Chomists' Associaiion, Inc. Monuol
Shoot
SD-80
7.1.3.3 Cylinders must bear the ICC grecn (c) They are equipped with safety devices. (An
label for nonflammable compressed gases. exception is the lecture bottle, I.C.C. 3E. )
7.1.3.4 Tank cars ancl tank truclcs must bear (d) They are pressure-tested at regular inter-
the ICC "DANGEROUS" placard. vals 3s required by I.C.C. or U.S. Coast Guarcl Reg-
} ulations.
I 7.1.4 Cmitainer Speci6cations
Except for tank barges, all chlorine shipping 7'1'7 Cylinders
` eontainers used in interstate commerce must comply 7.1,.7.1 ConRaruction
with I.C.C. Specifications. Tank barges must com- Chlorine cylinders are of seamless construc-
ply with the specifications of the U.S. Coast Guard. tion with a capacity of from 1 to 150 lb.; those of
Chlorine shipping containers in Canada must 100- and 150-1b. capaciry predominate. I.C.C. Reg-
comply with B.T.C.C. Specifications. ulations limit the maximum filling to 150 lb. pf
chlorine for all cylinders purchased since Novcmber
7.1.5 Container Types und Siree 1, 1935. Approximate dimensions and weights of
7.1.5.1 CyIinIers aommon cylinders are shown in Table 7.1.7.1 (a).
Not over 150 lb. capacity, cqmplying with
I.C.C. Spec. 3A480, 3AA480, 25, 3, 3BN480, 3E Table 7.1.7.1(a) Dimensions and Weights of
and B.E. 25. Cyfinders and Ton Containers
Overol7
7.1.5.2 Tan Containere Ca- WeJghf(1) oufLde Height(2)
Loaded to about 2,000 lb., complying Wlt}1 Pottty, Weighf Empty, Diamoter, or Cengt6.
Spec. I.C.C. 106A500, 106A50OX, and B.E. 27, rb aos9 rb in. rn.
100 Noa.-y e0-115 8Na6th 53-59
7.1.5.3 TMU Cars 1 00 Lish* 63-79 el/.-ev3 53-55
100 Neavy 95-105 10S4-104 4043
(Multi-unit tank cars), special cars built to carry 100 Light 63.76 1014-1034 3944-43
15 of the abvve-named ton eontainers. » HBaw ss I oVA-I oth o~'ls
103 light 72-77 1014-101h 4041
7.1.5.4 Sinle•unit Tank Cars 105 u9h' 72a7 a~-e►~ s7se
150 Heovy isaiao iov2-1044 53-36
Nvt over 110,000 lb. capacity, complying 150 u9h, es-ios 104.1ws s&sb
with Spec. I.C.C. 105A304, 105A300W, 105A500 20°0 isoo.~6so so ~vu~-az~
and 105A50OW; older CSTS complying Wllh $pCC. Notcs: (1) Woight indudes proleefian hood and wfvo(i).
I.C.C. ~~5 OI ARA V. Class 1~5l~ C8I'S having (2) Hoight to top of vohe protectioa hood; height io ceMer
hne of valve ovtlet is about 3Yt" less.
higher marked test pressures also may be uscd.
7.1.5.5 Tank Trucka The only opening in the cylinder permitted by Regu-
Trucks complying with I.C.C. Spec. MC 330 lations is the valve connection xt the top.
arc authorized for ehlorine but none is in service cur- Cylinden are either of the foot-ring type, or
erntly in the United States or Canada. the bumped-bqttom type. A steel valve protection
hood is provided to cover the valve. Alwaye kcop
7.1.5.6 Tank Barges the hood in placc, escept when t}ie cylinder ie
Varyino from 550 to 1,100 ton capacity, cunnected.
having tanks complying with the requirements of The I.C.C. specification number, serial num-
Class I aro-welded, unfircd pressure vessels as de- ber, identifying symbol, and date of hydrostatic test
fined ia U.S. Coast Guard Marine Engineering Reg- must be stamped on thc metal near the cylinder neck.
+ ulations. It is illegal to mar or deface these markings, exeept
7.1.6 Gontainers, General upon prior approval of thc Bureau of Explosives.
The following points of similarity are common 7.1.7.2. Yalve
to all these containers: The Chlorine lnstitute. Inc. has designed a
(a) They are steel. Chlorinc Institute Standard Cylinder Valve. (see Fig.
(b) The mazimum permitted filling density is 5). The valve outlet threacls are not standard pi e
125 per cent. The fiLling density is defned by the threads, but are special straight threads (designated as
I.C.C. as the per cent ratio of the weight of gas 1.030"-14NG0-RH-EXT) which conform to con-
in the tank to the weight of water that the tank will nection numlxr 660 of American Standard B57.1.
hold. For determining the water capacity of the tank These cylinder valves are eyuipped with either of
in pounds, the weight of a gallon (231 cubic inches) two types of safety devices. One has fusible metal
of water at 601F. in air shall be 8.32828 pounds." cast direcdy into a threaded hole in the valve body;
15
~
Manual Manufacturing Chemists' Auociation, Inc. CHLORINE
Sheet
saso
inward, and the sidcs are crimped inward tv form
J n J~ chimes which provicle a substantial gnp for lifting
i clamps used in hanclling. (A few containers have
f--~ - compound curvature on thc head opposite the
valves.) ~I
The I.C.C. Specification oumber, serial num-
~ ber, inspector's ofticial mark, identifying symbol,
dates of hydrostatic tests, and water capacity, in ~
■ ' U;,,,,` pounds, must be stamped on the mctal of one head
or chime, usually at the valve end. ?he tare weight
somctimcs is s[amped or punched on a brass plate or
the chime. It is illegal to mar or deface these mark-
ings, except upon prior approval of the Aureau of
Explosives.
7.1.8.2 Opern(Ing Yalves
7 4 l
The container is equipped with two identical '
valves near the center of one end. The Chlorine
Institute, Inc. has designecl a Chlorine Institute
Standard Ton Container Valve. This diffcrs from ~
~ the Standard Cylinder Valve only m that it has no
fusiblc mctal plug and it has a larger internal pas-
Figure S. Chlorine Iastitute Standard Cylinder sage. (See Fio. S)
Valvcs: Poured Type Fusible Plug (left) and
Screwcd Type Fusible Plug (righr)
the athcr has a threaded bronze plug containina the t I~ ~
fusiblc metal screwed into a tapped hole in the valve I ~
body. Valve drawings are available from The Chlo- ~
rine Institute, Inc.
Thc fusible plug is a safety device designed to
melt betwecn I5 8° F an d 1 6 5° F ( 7 0° C to 7 3. 9° C), ~
thus releasing pressure aad preventing rupture of
the container in casc of fire or other exposure to high temperature. Recause the opening for the plug rJ
is below the valve seat
, the contents of the cylinder will bc vented if the plug is loosened. In spite of these safety devices cylinders occ~~sionally burst ~vhen in fires, and pieces of inetal may bc hurled several hundred yards. (See 6.4 and 6.S.1.) Nes~er tainper with the fusilile plug and nev~,r expose cylinders tu heat. 7.1.7.3 Shipping Cylinders can be shipped by rail in either cariaad or less than carlvad lots. Freight tariffs . speciEy minimum carload weights of 30,000 lb. for
full and 36,000 Ib. for empty cylinders. Any num- Fi~ure 6 ~
ber of cylinders can be shipped by truck. Shipments Chlorine Institutc Ton Container Valve
via motor vehides may be made in less than carload
lots or in truck load quantities of various minimum Each valve is connected inside the container
weights depending on the motor carrier and area of to an eduction pipe. The valves arc protected by a
transportation. removable steel valve protection hood. Always keep
7.1.8 Ton Containers the hood in place except when the coniainer is
connectPd.
7.1.8.1 Construr,tion
The ton container is a weldcd tank having a 7•1-8.3 Safety Detiices
loaded weight as much as 3,700 pouncls. iaimensions Each eontainer is equippeci with six fusible
are shnwn in Table 7.1.7.1(a) . The heads are convex metal plugs, three in each end, spaced 120° apart.
16
I
CHLORINE Manufacivring Chemisfs' Azsociotion, Inc. ntanval
- Shoot
S D-80
three capacities: 16-ton, 30-ton, and 55-ton. All arc
provided with 4" of corkboard insulation, protected
by a steel jacket. Dimensions and weights of these
cars are shown in Table 7.1.10.1(a). At the center
on the top of the car there is a manway which is the
i only openiag in the tank.
7.1.10.2 Value Arrangement
~ Five valves are mounted on the manway
cover inside the housing. Four of thcsc are angle
valves; the fifth, mountcd in thc center, is a safety
valve. Opposite each angle valve there is an open-
ing in the protective housing, protected by a suitable
cover, through which thc unloading lincs arc con-
Figure 7 nected.
Chlorine Institute Standarda" Fusible 7•1.10.3 C)peratinp ValveB.
Plug For Ton Containers The Chlorine Institute, Inc. has designed a
Chloeine Institutc Standard Angle Valve. (See Fig.
(A few have eight plugs, four in each end.) These 8.) The valve is madc of fQrged stec;l with monel
plug,s are safety devices designecl to melt between trim. Outlets are I" female American Standard
158°F and 1651F (70°C to 73.91C) thus releasing tapcr pipe thrcac3s, and are protected by pipe plugs.
the pressure and preventing rupture of the container The twn angle valves on the longitudinal center line
in case of fire or other exposure tp high temperature. of the car are for anloading liquid chlorine. The two
(See Sect. 7.1.7.2.) 'I'he Chlorine Institute Standard angle valves on the transverse center line will de-
~/s" Fusible Plug is shown in Fig. 7, A few repaired liver gas. (On somc 55-ton cars one of the gas
containers may have one or more 1" fusible plugs. valves has been replaced with a second safety valve.)
I '
Table 7.1.10.1(a) Dimensions and Weighls of Tonk Cars
Heighf
iength Over Orarolf to Volvo EWomo Weiph! Weight
Car Strikers (1) Hcight (2) OWfot (2) Widlh (3) Fmply, Jb lovded, fb
TMU 04' 4"-47' 0" 6' 8"-7' 6" 9' 6"-10' 1" 54,500.59000(4) 84,50469,000
16-Too 32' 2"-39'3" 10' 5"-12' 0" 9' 314".10' 0"' 9' 2".9' 6%" 42,000-51,000 74,000•83,000
30-Ton 33'10-35'1154" 14' 446".13' 7" 11' 311-11' 9" 9' 3"-9' 10" 55,000-65,000 115,OM125.000
55-Ton 38' 944".43' 0" 14' 3"-14' 102" 12' 6"-19' 1lh" 9' 3"-10' 7lh" 76,000-94,000 187,000.204,000
Notos: (1) Add 2' 6" for longth over conter lina oi coupler knutkles. (2) Heights ure for empty can and ore memured from top of rail;
haights of loadtd con moy be as rnuch as 4" less. (3) Width oror grab irons. (A) Wcight for oar witfi empty wntainen: underfrarne only
weighs about 34,000 Ib to 46,000 Ib. (S) Hoight to monway plotforrn is 6" to 10" lesa thon hei0ht to cenler line of volve.
Yever tamper with the fueible pluga and never
expase ton contalnere to heat. :~-_/10
7.1.8.4 Shippinp, ~
Loaded ton containers may be shipped by
rail only as a part of a TMU car. Rcgulations also ~
providc that onc or marc containers may be trans-
porced on trucks or scmi-trailers.
7.1.9 Multi-Unit Tank Cara
~ A multi-unit taak car (TMU car) consists of a '
specially-constructed underframe on which 15 ton
cAntainers are mounted. Because it is a tank car,
freight is paid on the chlorine only (30,000 lb.) and ~
no freight is paid on empty cars when sent by reverse
routing. ; i
7.1.10 Single-Unit Tank Cars
7.1.10.1 Construction Figure 8
Single-unit chlorine tank cars are built in Chlprine Institute Standard Angle Valve
17
I
Monuai Manufocturing Chemists' Association, Inc. CHLORINE I
Sheet
50-80
7.1.10.4 Excess-Flow VaIvea 7.2.1 Persons receiving or shipping chlorine
Under each liquid valve is an eduction pipe, should familiarize themselvcs with I.C.C. Itcgula-
fastened to the manway covcr and extending to the tions and Specifications and any others that are per-
bottom of the tank. At the top of each eduction tinent.
pipe, imrnediately below the angle valve, is a rising- 7,2,2. Except as iadicated in 7.5.1.4, never mix ~
ball, excess-flow valve desigaed to close when the chlorine and miother gas in ashipping con-
rate of 11ow of liquicl chlorinc is about 7,000 lb./hr. taincr.
(Some valves of other dcsign are in use and have 7.2.3 Never allow moisture or any liquid ~i
lower closing rates.) This is a protective device de- dther than chlorine to enter a chlorine ahi cn
signed to ctose automatically against the outward pp ~ ~
ftow of liquid ehlorine if the angle valve is broken off container.
or under certain conditions, if the unloading line is 7.2.4 It is illegal to ship any type of container
severed. loaded with chlorine unless it is loaded by or with
7.1.10.5 Safet.y Valve the consent of the owner of the container.
The 4afety valve is of the sprino-lc~aded type 7•2,5 It is illegal to ship a leaking chlorine con-
and may be combined with a breaking-pin assembly, tainer or a container which has been exposed to fire,
(Sec: Fig. 9.) On cars stenciled 105A300 or whether full or p3r2ially full. However, it may be
dcsirable uncler some circumstances to ship a leaking
- chlorine containcr (including tank cars) to which a
cap or other emergency device has been applied.
The Bureau of Explosives should be consulted for I
advrce before making any such shipme»t.
. 7.2.6 I.C.C. Regulation 74.565 (a) states "Consignees must report promptly to the Bu-
reau of Explosives all instances of improper staying '
and broken, leaking. or defective containers of explo-
r, sives or other dangerous articles in shipment received
by them." Aleo notify the supplier. I
7.3 CYLINAERS AND TON GONTAIlVERS ~
Throughout 7.3 conrainer refers both to cylinders
and to ton containers.
7.3.1 Aloving
Chlorine is a hazardous substance and care must
be exercised in handling containers. When moving
containers, valve peotective hoods should be in plaee.
Figure 9 Containers should not be dropped and no object
Chlorine Institute Tank Car S1fety Valve should be allowed to strike them with force. 1Vever
apPlY hcat to chlorine cuntainerd or their valvea.
105A300W the valve is designed to st{1rt to dischazge A properly balanced hand truck, having a clamp
at 225 psio; on cars stenciled 105A500 or lOSA- support at least two-thircis of the way up ihe cylin-
SOOW it is dcsigned to start to discharge at 375 psig, c1er, should bc used to movc cylinders. When
cylinders must be lifted and an elevator is not avail-
7.1.11 Tunk Barges able, a crane or hoist equipped with a spccial cradle
Chlorine tank baiges vary in capacity from or carrier should be uscd; never uae a chsin, rope
about 550 to 1,110 tons. Barges have eithcr 4 or 6 sling, or magnetic cievice. Never lift a cylinder "
tanks tontaining from 85 to 185 tons each. The bY mevns of the valve protection hood because
tanks must comply with the eegulations of the U.S. the hood is not designed to carry the weight of the
Coast Guard. Tank tagging is not required. cylinder.
The valves on barge tanks are similar to those Ton containers should bc handled with a suit-
on tank cars, but the arrangement is not standard able lift clamp in combination with a hoist or crane
and on some bargcs the valves are larger. Inquiries nf at least 2 tons capacity. Toa con[ainers being
on this subject should be referred to the shipper. trucked should be carefully ehoeked or elamped
down on saddles to prevcnt shifting and rolling.
7.2 HANDI.ItNG RESTRICTIONS 7.3.2 Sturage
The following handling restrietions apply to all All contliners, whether empty or full, should be
containers: stored in a dry area and protceted from extemll heat
18
~
CHLORINE Manufacturing Chemists' Association, Inc. Manuaf
- - Sheef
SD.80
sources such as steam pipes. If storcd outdoors, the pressure in the container normally will remain
they should be protected from direct sunlight and contant and uniform 8ow can bc maintained. At
rain or snow. Fireproof storage areas are recom- high discharge rates, however, chc tcmgerature and
mended. Chlori,ie containers should be segregated pressure within the container will fall due to the
from otlrer cnmpre,rsed gas conlainers. Never istore cooling effect of vaporization in the container, and
.
containers nt;ar turpentine, ether, anhytlrotts the rate of Oow will gradually diminish. At eacessive
ammonia, finely dividecl metals, and hyilrt►car• diseharge rates, the liquid will be cooled sufficiently
lsons or other IIammnble materials. The storage so that frost may form on the outside of the con-
area should be clean so that trash will not provide a tainer. The insulating effect of the frost causes a
fire hazard. further decrease in ihe rate of discharge. Discharge
The storage area should be wep ventilated. (See rates may be inereased by circulating room tempera-
Sect. 4.4.) Subsurface storage should be avoided. ture air around the container with a fan; never
Containers should not be stored near elevators, place the cuntainer in a bath uf hot water or
apply tlirect heat.
gxngways or ventilating systems because, in the event
of a leak, dangerous concentrations may spread The dependable continuous discharge rate of
rapidly to other parts of the building. Locations chlorine gcis from a single 100-Ib. or 150-1b. cylinder
should be avoided where containers may drop or without sweating under normal tempcrature (70°F)
where heavy objects or vehieles may strike or fall and air circulation conditions is about 13/ lb./hr.
on them. Vulve protection hoods .r{rauld be kept in against a 35 psi back pressure. The rate for a ton
place on u!1 containers in slorcige. container is about 15 lb./hr. under similar condi-
Cylinders'shnuld be stored in an upright posi- tions. If sweating can be tnlerated these rates can
tion. Ton containers should be stored on their sides be doubled; for short periods they may be grcady
above the ground or floor on steel or concrete sup- exceeded.
ports. 7'on containers shocJd not be stacked or
racked nrore than one high unless special provision If the gus dixharge rate from a single eon-
is made for easy aocess and removal. Storage should tainer will not meet requirements, two or more can
be arranged so that containers are used in the order be conneeted to 1 manifold and discharged simul-
in which they are received, and so that removal of taneously, or a vaporizer (evaporator) can be used.
individual containers and daily inspection can be (Sec 7.3.3.3.) When discharging through a mani-
donP without disturbing other ton containers aad fold, care must be taken that all containers are at
with a minimum of handling of other cylinders. Full the same temperature, partieularly when connecting
and empty containers should be stored separately, a new container to the manifold. 1f there is a dif-
ference in the temperature of the liquid chlorine, it
7.3.3 Ueing will transfer by distillation from the warm to the cool
container, and the cooler container may become
7.3.3.1 General completely fillcd with liquid. Should this occur, and
Never tamper with the fusible plug eafety the container valve then be closed, hydrostatic pres-
devicea on containers. Containers or vllves should sure may cause bursting. For this reason, extra pre-
not be altered or repaired by the consumer; if they cautions musr be observed when closing valves af
are damaged, the chlorine supplier should be noti- containers cainected to a manifold. The chlorine or
fied, giving the container number and nature of the eQ«ipment supplier sitould be consulted for details.
damagc.
Containers should be used in the order in 7.33.3 I,iquid Discharge
which they are received. If a vaporizer (evaporator) is used, liquid
7.3.3.2 Gaa Diecharge chlorine is withdrawn from the container and con-
verted to gas. To obtain liquid chlorine from a
+ Cylinders deliver chlorine gas when in an cylinder, the cylincler should be partially inverted
upright position and liquid when in an inverteci posi- and clamped securely on a rack set at an aogle of
tion. (See 7.3.3.3.) Ton containers in a horizontal about 601 to tlle horizontal. As described in Sect.
I position and with the valves in a vertical line deliver 7.3.3.2, liquid chlorine can be obtained from the
gas from the upper valve and liquid from- the lower lower valve of a ton container. The dependable
valve. continuous discharge rate of liquid chlorine under
The flow of chlorine gas from a container normal temperatures conditions and against a 35
depends on the intemal pressure which in tum de- psi back pressure is about 200 lb./hr. for cylinclers
pends on the temperature of the liquid chlorine. In and 400 Ib./hr. for ton containers. Batch discharge
order to' withdraw bas, liquid must be vaporized. rates may he considerably higher. Connectinn of
This tends to reduce its temperature and thereby iLs containers discirargitrg Iiquid to a manifold is not
vapor pressure. At low discharge rates when suffi- reconrmended. Consult your chlorine or equipment
cient heat can be obtsined from the surrounding air, supplier for details.
19
Monuat Manufacfuring Chemists' Associafion, Inc. CHLORINE
Sheet
SD-80
7.3.3.4 IPeighing bc plugged or capped immediatcly to prevent the
Container contents can be determined ac- entry oF moisture ioto the system.
curately only by use of a suitable scale. The weight The lower portion of the green wlrning tag on
of the full container should be recqrded and the empty cylinders should be torn off. Empty contain-
empty weight determined by subtraeting the specified ers should be returned promptly by reverse routing ~
weight of the contenm unless otherwise instructed by the supplier. i
7.3.3.5 Gonnectione 7.4 14ULTI-UNIT TANK CARS ;
A 8exible connection between the container 7.4.1 Removing, Cont iiners from Car j
and thc piping system should be used. Copper I.C.C. Regulations (Para. 74.560) provide tbat '
tubing suitable for 500 psig ('/s" Ola x.035" wall) TMU cars must be consigned for delivcry and un-
is recommended. Yokes (clamps) and adaptors are loading on a private track (as defined by the I.C.C.),
recommended for connection to the container valve except that whcre no private track is available, the
outlet. If union connections are used, the thrcads containers may be removed from the car frame on
on the connectors must match the valve outlet carrier tracks provided the shipper, has obtained
threads. Valve otirlet tlrread.s are irot standard taper from the delivering carrier and filed with the origi-
pipe threads. (See Sect. 7.1.7.2.) Neve;r force con- nating carrier written permission for such removal.
nections that do not St.
When making conncction a new gasket of Car handrails must not be removed or altercd
24% antimony lead (or fiber-Mil A 17472) should by the consumer. Cranes or other lifting dcvices I
be used. The container valve may be opened by must be high enough to lift contaioers over the hand-
turning the valve stem in a counter-cloekwise direc- rsils. (See Table 7.1.10.1 (a) for dimensions.) Con-
tion. Use n 4"-square Gox wrencit nor over 6" lvng. csult lamylt ttpr, e di~'erent unloadndiff,5
One complete turn of the stem permits maximum ps` may cquir g procedure
discharge; forcing the stem much beyond this point Pertinent sections of I.C.C. Regulations quoted
niay cause damage. If thc valve is difficult to open, in sect. 7.5.1.1 should be observed.
the packing nut may be loosened slightly, the valve For ton container handling, see pertinent para-
opened, and the packing nut retightened. If neces- graphs in sect. 7.3.
ssry, to loosen a stuck valve stem, the end of the
wrench may be struck with the heel of the hand. 7,4.2 Retnrn
After the connection is made the system I.C.C. Regulations (Para. 74.562b) provide
should be tested for leaks. (See Sect. 6.2.) "After tank car is unloaded, the party unloadiog the
7.3.3.6 Absorbin car must remove all shipning cards and `Dangerous'
g plaeards from the car, or may replace or cover the
Unless proper precautions are observed when plac<lyds with the 'DanQerous-Empty' placards pre-
chlorine is being lbsorbed in a liquid, the liyuid will scrihed in Para. 74.563 or reverse the reversible
suck back into the eontainer when it becomes empty metal placards so as to exhibit the 'Dangerous- ,
due to the creation of a partial vacuum. This must Empty' wording and must promptly notify the rail-
be avoided as it has resulted in numerous accidenu. road agent that car is empty."
A barometric leLa. or a vacuum breaking device should After ]oading ancl seeurely clamping empty ton
be used. The chlnrine or equiprrtent supplier siiould containers to the car, it should be returned as
be consulted before prviceeding with this operation. prompdy as possible in accordance with shipper's
7.3.4 Return instructions.
As soon as a container is empty, the valve 7.5 SINGLE-UiNIT TANK C.ARS
should be closed, lines disconnected, and the valve '
tested for chlorine leaks. If no leakage is indicated, 7•5.1 Unloading
the outlet rap should bc applied promptly and the 7.5.1,1 /{egulutions .
valve protection hood attached; these fittings should I.C.C. Regulations (Para. 74.560) provide
always be kept in place except when the container that singlc-unit tank cars must be unloaded on a
is connected. If the valve daes not close tight on private track (as defincd by the I.C.C.).
thc first trial, it should be opened and closed lightly
several times until proper seating is obtained. Never Other pertinent cxcerpts from I.C.C. Regu-
use a hammi-r or any other implement to elfect lations (SeCt. 74.561) 1re:
a tight valve cloaure. If this does not stop the leak, "(al ) Unloading operations should be per-
see seet. 6.5. It is illegal to ship a leaking ehlorine formeci only by relilble pcrsons progerly instructed
container. (See seet. 7.2.5.) and made responsible for careful complianee with
The open end of the disconnccted line should this part.
20
I
CHLORINE Manufacturing Chemisfs' Associotion, Inc. Monool
Shee►
SD-89
"(a2) Brakes must be set and wheels blocked 7.5.1.3 Connectione
on all cars being unloaded. Unloading should be done through a suitsble
"(0) Caution signs must be so placed on metal conneetion to accommodate the rise of the car
the track or car as to give necessary warning to per- as its springs dccompress or any othex change in
sons approaching car from open end or ends of sid- rclative height of car valve anci unloading line. A
ing and must be left up until after car is unloaded drawing of a suitable connection is available from
and disconnected from discharge coanection. Signs The Chlorine Institute, Inc. To avoid straining the
~ must be of inetal or other suitable material, at least angle valve, the wrench used for screwing in con-
12 by 15 inches in sizc and besr the words `STOP- nections should not be more than 18" long. After
Tank Car Connected', or `STpP-Men at Work,' the the connections are tight, ehlorine pressure should be
word `STOP' being in letters at least 4 inches high applied cautiously and the system should be tested
and the other words in letters at least 2 inches high. for leaks. (See sect. 6.2.)
The letters must be white on a blue background....
"(h) Unloading connections must be secure- ~•5.1.4 Deacharge
ly attached to unloading pipes on dome before Whcn rcady to dischargc liquid chlorine from
discharge valves are opened. the car, the liquid angle valve should be opened
slowly, and completely, about two turns. IP the ex-
"(i) Tank cars must not be allowed to stand cess flow valve closes and liquid rhlorine will not
with unloading connections attached after unloading flow, the anble valve should be closed tight and kept
is completed, and throughout the entire period of closed until the ball in the eacess flow valve is hcard
unloading, or while car is eonneeted to unlaading to drop. If this fails, the chlorine supplier should be
device, the car must be attended by the unloader. consulted. Never use the car angle valve to con-
"(j) If necessary to discontinue unloading a trol chlorine fluw; the angle valve must be widc
tank car for any reason, all unloading connections open to allow the excess flow valve to close if the
must be disconnected. All valves must first be tight- unloading line is severed.
ly closed, and the closures ef all other ppenings se- Liquid chlorine may be unloaded by its ovm
curely applied.... vapor pressure. Because the vapor pressure is a
function of temperature, cold weather usually re-
"(n) All tools and implements used in con- duces unloading rates. T'ever applf heat to a tsnk
nection with unloading should be kept free from oil, car. In extrcmcly eold climates, tt may be helpful to
dirt, and grit." unload tank cars in a shed maintaincd at about 70°F.
The car pressurc usually is incrcascd by "air pad-
7.5.1.2 Precautiona ding." Consult your chlorine siipplier for details
A dead-end siding used only for chlorine cars concerning air padding. A procedure for adding dry
should be provided. Tracks should be level. The air to sinele unit tank caes is available from The
car should be protected by a locked derail, a closed Chlorine Institute, Inc.
and locked switch or preferably, by both. 1"he derail Unlike cylinders and ton containers, chloriae
should be placed at Ieast 50 ft. from the end of a car tank cars are not designed far the discharge of chlo-
hooked up for unloading. If on a siding oPen at rine gas. The car insulation restricts heat transfer
both ends, both ends should be protected."' Keys for into the car, thus limiting the liquid evaporation
derail ancl switch shquld be in the hands af the per- rate. Nhen a process requires gas, chlorine should
son responsiblc for unloading. be withcirawn from the car as a liquid and fed to a
A suit;ible operating platfQrm should be pro- suitable evaporator.
vidcd at thc unloading point for easy access to the 7.5.1,5 DiRCOnnectfng
protectivc housing for connection of lines anci for
- operation of valves. (See Table 7.].10.1(a).) During unloading operations, the best indica-
Whcn unloading at night, adequate lighting tivn that the tank car is empty is a eapid c~rop in the
should be provided and a blue lantern should be Pressure. To stop the flow of chlorine, the car valve
hun the blue "STOP" si should be turned in a clockwise direction using a T
g on gn. wrench if necessary. The discharge line should be
Before breal:ing seal or making connections, 1llowed to empty by evaporation before closing other
the car markings (both Ietters and numbcrs) should valves. If a tight valve closure can not be obtained
be comparcd with the shippinb papers to verify the aftcr sevcral trials, the chlnrine supplicr should be
contents. The seal number should be recorded. notified.
After thc unloading lines have bcen discon-
• The B.T.C.C. reyuirc, ehac cars bc protcctcd during necteci, thc valve oudet plub should be replaced im-
unlaading by locked derails or switches located at least
one car length from ihc car bcing unloadcd on che opcn mediately. This is essential to prevent corrosion of
end or ends of the unloadia8 crack. the threads by atmospheric moisture. The open end
21
Mpnual Manvfaciuring Chomists' Associction, Inc. CHLORINE
Sheet - -
SD-80
of the chlorinc unluading linc also should be pro- In general, requirements for unloading are some-
tccted from atmospheric moisture with suitablc what similar to those of tank cars. Valves and
closures. After checking for leaks, the protective appurtenances are not the same on all tank barges.
housing cover should be closed securely. For this renson, and because of variations in water
cnnditions, weather and other considerations, un-
7.5.2 fteturn loading and handling of barges require individual
Before releasing a tank car to the railroad, it is study and evaluation. In the United States piping
important that it be einpty of liyuid chlorine, since and IQading and unloading arrangements must be
partially filled caes present inceeased hazards in apprnved by the U.S. Coast Guard. I
handling. Should more than three per cent of the
original load be rcturned, freight can be assessed on 7.7 STATIOnARY STORAGE
the returned contents at the carload rate applicable Tank car cansumen nf chlorine usually withdraw
under conditions specified by the rail carrier tariffs. chlorine direct from the car to their process. 13argc
I.C.C. Regulations (Para. 74.562b) provide consumer5 reyuire statipnary chlorine storagc facili-
"After tank car is unloaded, the party unloading the tics. Thr Chlorine Institutc, Inc. does not recom-
car must remove all shipping cards and `Dangerous' mend stationary chlorine storage for most consum-
placaeds from the car, or rnay replace or cover the ers for safety relsons, inclucling the following:
placsrcls with the 'Dangerous-Empty' plaeards pre-
scribed in Para. 74.563 or reverse the reversible (a) ►'1ost eqnsumerS do nUt have constantly avail- ~
metal placareis so as to exhibit the `Dmrgerous- ahle responsible personnel with the specialized train-
Empty' wording and iuust promptly notify the rail- ing and experience required for operating and main-
road agent that car is empry." taining such installations.
Empty tank cars should be returned as promptly (b) In the event of a serious chlorine le1k, most
as possible, in accordance with the shipper's instruc- consumers do not have available means to dispose
tions. Constilt the shipper beJvre returnitrg liguid of the chlorine quickly.
rhlorine. (Sec sect. 7?.5.) (c) In the evcnt-Of fire, a chlorine tunk car often
7.6 TANK BARGES can bc removed from the fire arca, while stationary ~
Unlikc single-unit tank cars, chlorine barges are storage tanks cannot. ~
intended Fpr unloading into stationary storage tanks. If circumstances indicate that stationary storage
Bcc:iuse very few bargcs arc built with capacicies of is necessary and provisions have been made to over- I
less than 600 tons, stationary faeilities of greater cvme these abjretions, the chlorine supplier or The
capacity are reyuired at the unloading point. Chlorine Institute, Inc. should be consulted.
8. TANK AND EQUIPMENT CIEANING AND REPAIR
8.1 PREPARATION althouoh the lines have been purged, care should be
Equipment and tank clcaning and repair should exerciseci tU avoid eontact with any residual ma-
be under the direction of thoroughly traincd per- terial that drips from the equipment.
sonnel who are fully familiar with all of the hazards Immediate dryine of a chlorine pipe line or con-
and the safeguards necessary for the safe perform- tainer into which water accidentally has been intro-
ance of the work. All precautions pertaining to edu- duced or which has been opened for repairs or clean-
catinn, prntective equipment, anci health ancl fire hax- ing is essential if corrosion is to be prevented. ~
ards should be reviewed and understood.
Workmen should not attempt to repair chlorine 8•2 ENTERING TAlY-K
cquipment while it is in operation and when piping All pipe lines to the tank should be disconnected
systems are in service. and blankcd afT bcfore entering.
When a chlorine system is to be cleaned or re- Workees entering tanks should be equipped with
paired, tanks, pipe lines and other eyuipment al- yuitable pcrsc~nal ~rotective equipment, prefcrably
ways should be purged with ~lry air as a slfeguard to ~ self-contained breathing app~ratus. A crlnister
health. This is especially important wtlcre cutting misk should not be used unless the oxygen content
or welding operatiuns are undertakcn since iron und ~s periodically determined to be suitable for this
stecl will ignitc in chlorine at about 450°F-500°F. serviec. At least one other pcrson should be observ-
If pipe sections are to be removecl and flanges ing operatioos from outside the tank at all times.
opened, the lower bolts should be loosened first and, (See sect. 5.2.)
22
CHLORINE Manufocturing Chemists' Associalion, I/fC. Manual
Sheer
SD-80
Under no circumstances should a rescuer enter a should be in view of thc outside attcndant at all timcs
tank to remove a victim of overexposure without or in constant communication with him.
proper respiratory protection, a safety hsrness and 8.3 EXTFRiOR REPAIRS
an attached life line. The free end of the life line All autsidc wclding or burning on tanks or othcr
should be manned by an attandant located outside chlorine equipment should be done only after such
the tank. Another attendant should be immediately cyuipment has been completely drained and purbed
available to assist in the rexue if needed. The rescuer with ctry air.
}
9. WASTE DISPOSAL
Where a chlorine consuming process involves All federal, state and local regulations regarding
the discharge of a waste gas containing appreciable health and safety and natural resources pollutinn
amounts of chlorine, special equipment may be re- should be followed.
yuired. The chlorine supplier should be consulted.
10. MEDICAL MANAGEMENT
10.1 HEALTH HAZARDS pressure and temperature it vaporizes to gas which
10.1.1 General will produce the effects just described.
Chlorine gas is primarily a respiratory irritant.
lt is so intensely irritating that conccntrations above Table 10.1 Physiological Response to Vari-
three to five paru per million (by volume) in air are ous Concentrations of Chlorine
, readily detectable by the normal person. In higher Gas
concenteations Ih0 sevrerely 11'P1lating effect Of tt]C Vorts ol Chlorine
gas makes it unlikely that any person will remain in Gas per Milfion
a chlorine contaminated atmosphere unless he is Eqed Port: of Air, br
unconscious or teapped. voiume, (ppm)
Laosl amaunt required ro produce slight symp- 1
Liquid Cf110IlIle may cause skin and eye burns toms aftcr scveial houn exposure
upon contact with these tissues. When exposed to L005t detectobla odor s.s
normal atmospheric pressure and temperature, liquid Maximum amount lhat can be inholed Ior one a
hour withovt sariavs disturbancos
chlorine vaporizes to chlorine gas. Nox;,,,:ne:s, imposs[ble ro brea►he sevarol 5
minvfes
10. 1.2 ACUtC TOXICIty lcast amovnt rcquired ro muu irrFtotioa of 15J
fh roal
10.1.2.1 Syatsmir, EffP,Ct8 Least amount required to coum coughing 30.4
Amount dangerouf in 30 minures ro one hon. 40-60
When 1 sufficient concentration Of chlorine Kills mosf animals in very shoH Hme 1000
gas is present, it will irritlte the mucous membranes. Sourw: Unitod States Buroou of Mfnos Tcchnical Papor
the respiratory system and the skin. Large amounts 248, "Gos Masks for Gases Met in Fghting Fires" (1921).
cause irritation of eyes, coughing and labored
brcathing. If the duratian of exposure or the con-
centration of chlprine is excessive, it will result in 10.1.2.2 LoGaj Effecta
i generll excitement of thc person affected and will be
accompanied by resdessness, throat irritation, sneez- Liquid chlorine in contact with the eyes, skin
ing and copious salivation. The symptoms of ex- or clothing may causs burns.
posure to high concentrations are retehing and
vomiting followed by dif~'icult breathins. In extreme 10.1.3 Chronic Toaicity
cases, the difficulry of breathing may increase to the 10.1.3.1 Syxtpmic Effecta
point where death can occur from suffocation. The A coneentration of 1 part of chlorine gss in
physiological effects of various concentrations of 1,000,000 parts of air (by volume) 'may prnduce
chlorine gas are shown in Table 10.1. Chlorine pro- slight symptoms after several hours exposure, but
duces nn known cumulative effects. careful cxamination of workers exposed claily to de-
Liquid chlorine produces no known systemic tectable concentrations reportedly has shown no
effects, but when exposed to normal atmospheric chronic systemic effects.
23
Manua! Manvfacfuring Chomists' AssociaNon, Inc. CHLORINE
Sheet
50-SO
10.1.3.2 /.ocnl EJject.s dotes are known. Because there is no specific known
I..oca] chronic effects due to chlorine have antidote for chlorine, effective and immediate relicf
not been clinically demonstrated. of symptoms is the primary goal of inedieal manage-
ment.
10.1.3.3 Sensitizalian
Sensitiaation has not been a problem with 10.3.2 O~cygen Adminietration ~
chlorine. Oxygen has been found useful in the treatment
10.2 PRE~'~~ITIV~ H~ALTH A~i~A5U1{~5 of chlorine inhalation exposures. In most exposures,
administration of 100 per cent oxygen at atmos- "
Chlorine is not a serious industrial hazard if work- pheric pressures has been found to be adequate. This
ers are adeyuately instructcd and supervised in is best aceomplishecl by use of a face mask having a
proper means of handling the chemical. reservoir bag of the non-rebreathing type. Inhala-
tion of 100 per cent oxygen should not exceed one 10.2.1 Pereonal Hygiene hour of continuous treatment. After each hour
Properly designed cmergcncy shnwers and eye therapy may be interrupted. It may be reinstituted
baths should be plared in comenient locations as the clinical condition indicates.
whcmver chlorine is used. Such eyuipment should Some believe that superior results are obtained
tae inspected frequently to make sure it is in propee when exposures are treated with oxygen under an
working condition. exhalation pressure not exeseding 4 cm water. Masks
Personal protective eyuipment for workers who providing for such inhalation pressures are obklin- ~
may be exposed to chlorine is described in 5.2. able. A single treatment may suffice for minor ea-
posures. It is believed by some observers that oxygen
10.2.2 Ph}aical Examinatione under pressure is useful as an aid in the prcvention
Asthma, bronchitis and other chronic lung con- of pulmonary edcma a[ter breathing irritants.
ditions or ieritations of the upper respiratory tract In the event of an cx}sosure causing symptoms
suggest that the person(s) in whom they are ob- or in the case of a history af tcvere exposure, the
served should not be employed where exposures to patient rtiay be treatcd with oxygen under 4 cm
chlorine vapors might occur. Physical examinations, exhalation pressure fqr one-half hour periods out of
including chest X-ray, shoulci be provided applicants every hour. Treatment may be coatinued in this
and employees handling chlorine. way until symptoms subside or other clinical indica-
10.3 5UGGESTIONS TO PHl'SICIANS tions for interruption appear.
10.3.1 Gr,neral Caution! It may not be advisable to administer
oaygen under positive pressure in the presencc of im-
Treatment is symptomatic and no specific anti- pending or existing cardiovascular failure.
11. FIRST AID
11.1 GENERAL tities of soap and water. Nevei artempt to netttralize
Prompt treatment of persons expused to chlorine !he chlorrtie with chemicaf.s. No salves or ointments
rs of the utmost importance. should bc applicd [or 24 hours.
Obtnin mediral assistnnce cts soon as possible. The 11.3 CONTACT WITi3 THE EYES
injury and exact location of the patient should be
described to the physician. If even minute quantities of liquid chlorine enter
the eyes, or if the eyes havc bcen exposed to strong
11.2 CONTACT WITH SIiIN OR AIUCQUS eoncentratinns of chlorine gas, they should be flushed
MEMBKANES immediately with copious quantities of running watcr
If the patient nlso hcu inhnled ehlarine, frst aid for at least 15 minutes. NQVer attempt to ncutralize
µith chemicala. The eyelids should be held apart
/or i►thalatton should be given frst. (See sect. 11.5) during this period to insure contact of water with all
If liyuid ehlqrine or chlorinated water has con- accessible tissues of the eyes and lids. Call a physi-
taminated skin or clothing, the emergency shower ciatt, prejerably an eye specialist, at once. If a physi-
shpuld be used immediately. Contaminated clothing cian is not immediately available, the eye irrigations
should be removed under the shower and the chlorine should be continued for a second period of 15 min-
should be washed off with very large quantities of utes. After the first period of irrigation is complete,
water. Skin areas should be washed with largc yuan- it is permissible as a first aid measure to instill into
24
CHLORINE Manufacturing Chemists' Association, (nc. Monual
Shee1
SD-BO
thc eye two or throc drops af 0.5 per cent solution of oxygen should be administered, but only by a person
pontocaine or other equally effective aqueous topical authorized for such duty by a physician. The in-
anesthetic. No oiJs or oily treatment should be in- structions which come with the equipment must be
stilled unless ordered by the physician. followed carefully.
11.4 TAKEN PiTERNALLY 11.5.4 Stimultutte
Due to its physicll properties, the swallowing of Stimulants rarcly will bc necessary wherc ade-
♦ liquid chlorine is extremely unlikely. However, if a quate oxygenation is maintained and any such drugs
person has swallowed chlorine nnd is corucious, he for shock treatrnent shoiild be given only by the
should immediately be made to drink copious pttencling physicicin.
amounts of lime water, milk of magnesia, or plain
water if the others are not readily available; sodium 11.6 OTHER MEASURES
bicarbonate should nat be given. 1Vever give a,ny-
thing by moiuh tn an unronscious parlent. The pfl- Pending arrival of the physician, other firSt aicl a5
tient may be expoeted to vamii spontaneously, but he may have prescribed should be providcd.
no altcrnpt ehould bc maclc tn iliducP vomiting
ur to use H stumach tuhe. Cxll x phyisician im- 11.7 FIRST AID EQUIPAZENT
mediatcly. 11.7.1 For InhHlHtion
11.5 INHALATION Suitable eyuipment for the administration of
1 1.5.1 General oxygen and for automatic artificial respiration should
be available. Sueh cquipment should be approved
Anyone overcome b>> ar seriausly exposed to by the Council on Physical Medicine and Rehabilita-
chlorine gus shotdd he moved at once to an cuicon- tion Of the Ameriean vledieal Association. If pur-
taminated asea. If breathing has not ceased, the pa- chase of equipment is ►mpractical the location of the
tient should be placed on his back, with head and nearest equipment and experienced operator, as well
back elevated. He should be kept warm, using
blankets if necessary. Rest is essential. Cal1 u as means of obtaining such assistance promptly if
physiciun imrizediately. an emergency arises, should be determined. Such
' cquipment is useless unless expericnced opcrators are
, 11.5.2 Artifieial Re5piration avlilable whenever needed; special arrangements for
If breathing has apparently ceased, artihcraJ night and week-end periods should be made.
respiratron shotrlcl be started immediately. Have
somevne cull a physician immedic,tely. 11.7.2 For Contact with Skin and Eyee
11.5.3 Uxygcn Adminigtration Emergency showers and emergency eye foun-
tains, or the equivalent, should be provided in suit=
If oxygen inhalation apparatus is available, able locations.
25
Fuleue Chemicsl $sfety Oeis $h¢tks er4 M¢vfca l $8lekp GuidES maY hE Obtafned, whtn 8nd AS iSSUEd, on b yEirly 9ub9triptlOn hASis--billed at Ihe end o-i Ihe yeer_
A 10`X. Gisoaunt ia applicabla o0 ordrrs for compleie sets, or 14d or more indindual puhhcaEians-
CHEMICAL iAFET'f DATA SHEE3S
ACe#etdehYde - - - - - - - - - --{I962] Sd43 Cresol - - - - - 119521 Sd48 Nitnc Acid „"m.v„m,,,dam_..,.. 3 [96l1 $pS
Areki c Add -0511 5441 C1FGIuhe)ane - - - - - ~19571 Sa-69 Nitrobenxene 50,21
Acetic bnhydride - - - - - - ---f19B2F 504S fiimeinyl Suliate - - - - - - - - i E147) SO-19 4rkho-0ithEorahenEene ~19531 Sd•54
Aeetooe - - - - - - - -i 19621 Sd47 RaethplenelFlmine - - 319%1 S0-76 pzratlormeldehXde Sdfi ;
AtetylCnE - - - -------J1557] SO-3 ~ Ekhyl ACEkSie - - - - - - - - - - 119531 SMI Perchloroelhyl ene $d 7}4
Atroleln - - - - - - - - - - - - - f19611 SD 85 ' EIIf}'I Chlorlde - - - - - - - - - - 09531 SbSb Perchloric l6cid SalaEiao, Rrelomi nzry f194F~ Ml ] I
llupGdnitrile - 09+191 Sd-31 Ekla}'I ECher 119561 $0,29 ALtieool (1940 $Dd ~l
M1lUminu`n Chlotide - - - - - - - - - ,I1956J 042 ElAyIeRE DIChIorIdL - - - - - - - I ~1T1 SO-18 Phos haroc Acid (195~M $p.~Q ~
p - m,._.,,-Ammomi urn Qichroneate - - - - - S19526 SdLS ElhylenE Otlde - - - - - - - - - - - 119511 $0-38 A[io-sphoric Anhydride (194W $D 26
Ammania Anhydr0us - - - - - - , -,-f] 950] Sa-B FoFm8ldehydc - - - - - - - - - - - - 11160) SO-1 Piio-spharus, Elementel $p. I~+
Ammohia Aqun - - - - - - - - - - - - f 1947] 50,13 HydroGhtgric 0.cId - - - --;19511 $d-39 Ptiosphdrus Oxyddnrids - (19d9F MZ6
An1Ilne - - - - - - - - - - - - 11W1 Sd-17 AydPncyanic Ac id ~1$6l1 $b-67 PhOSphOru9 PcnWa¢Ilide - - - - f1958i M71
Ankianony Tnchlor"rde iA*Ydrousl i i956] SM6 Hydrotllwn c Acid _,.,319571 Sp•25 Phusphorus Trlthlorlde -------i19A81 SQ27
Arsenic rnoxide Sp.60 H}drogen Peroxide _ _ _ _ _ _ _ [195$1 $D-53 Phkhi~lic ,4nhydf9d# _ _ _-i1A561 SQ61 I
Beoxene l$$[F1 Sd,2 Hydcageo Petoxi de INot Pro9Ylene - - - - - - - - - -[lA5bf SD-59 i '
Ben:yl ChInride Sd,69 Erceedln¢ 52S61 11°611 Sa53--5Lqp_ A Sodiom Ch lo-re9e 452f SD42 '
9enmyl Peraxode $d.81 HYdrogeR Perozide IFLigh Soducn qenide .,a.,,.,v~„_,~,r,~... _I 19~9p $d•36
15et3naph1hylamone _ _ t il9497 Sd-32 Streqglhl U Sodwm, Meksllic - _ _ (1952) $d.47
6o4on Hytlri des - - - - - - - - - - (1961 E 50 84 ![ydragen Siellide (1950~ $O-36 Sadiurn and Po-tassmm OichrowMes ;1950 0,4$ -j
6torrine 54-09 Isoptomylnmine - - - - _ - - - I] 959~ 5~J2 Slprene hlanomer - - - r,-- (1951) $d 37 I
!]uW6ienc 119541 0-55 6.cad Oi.idcs - ----S1955} Sd6d $ulfu! -----------------f195g1 Sdd4 '
ButYraldehYdes -----------i19601 So-78 Malels Aehydrinc ----------f14627 so8& Suft Chlorldes ---f19601 So77
Celcmm Cflrltodt (1948[ $&23 Methyi ,1cry1a9e eod Ethyl Acrylehe (199) $p,7+} $pliu DiOxidt SD 52
Carhon disulfide ~ „ - - - - (19481 SD612 Meihanol 191W $0-$2 SLeliurnc kid - - „ - - - - - (1.9521 $d.20 ~
-
CarhUO Tetrachlar ide (194fi1 5D-3 Melhylam ines _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 41955) Sd-57 ietrachloroe9hene 9d91 $j~-3¢ ~
GBUS#it POC88h -------(1Ad71 Sah4 Melhpl Broi6lde -----------f1A49i 5435 faPvene --------------,r;l95EJ 50-~3 ~
Caustie Sods --------i19~7J SD•9 Me4hyl Chloride - f19511 54-44 iarufdine 09511 Sd-82
alOnne 9u01 50~O fdeihyl ene Cdi4orSde _ _ f19621 SU-86 ialylene 4diwclF$nste - - - (1951) Sa 73
ChEorofoFio - - - - - - - - - - [19521 SO 84 Melhyl EIhYI 1Colone - - - - - - - - f14&I I Sa83 Tric]doroeitiplene --11$$0 80•14
Chlaros4ltomC Add j i°..4'9] SO-33 Mlred ACid --f19%S 5055 Viekf r5cetale - (1959) $D•75
Chromic Acid f I952] $049 AIspMhslene - _ - - - - - 119513) $0,5$ Vfnyl CMuFlde - - - - - - - - (1954) Sa59
34 Cen1t peF C4pY, extcpk SU2S HydGUlluOrit Aad, Sa5L3L-Sup_ B. Hydiagco PerOxide [High Stren,j110, aod SdAO 0ilorine-50 C¢nts,
C4iE141ICAL SAFETY GU1dfS LABORA70RY SAFETY ~
HeA1kh FwtoFS ie 1hr SAie HanGling disposal of Haxeedovs Vlaste , 5G9 ,20 J. ~Im
„
ai rhemiCalS _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SG.] , k 5 ERleFing Tau}~s autl Olhrr Eecloscd
kousekeeping in Che Chemucal Industry SG-2 ZQ $pflpes _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SG•10 ,30 "Sefcty in tht Ch¢rnisal L*prMooy"-d I(, mm
~ FlIrnmflple Liqrldqs.-$torope antl Naunlirt~ Off rhe-loh-Safe9y SG-] I,20 ;puild-c014r, 24mmule lilm Purchase Price
o-f arum lots and Smflller Quanlilie3 SG,3 ,24 P(Jbllc Belatioas in Cmer~reciea ---SG-12 2a $104,00, Prewlr++ charde. $10 Ger weck-Ge-
EmefkeilGy OrRani:ation lor khe Chernieal Mainteflence and InspecpLon of Flre duclihle lFam purchase tast if ardered within
I ndus#ry -$,4 Zp Pa otec9 ioo Equipmeni 20 3p days 01 pi crirrf, A Teacher's fsuide aocom-
PiaaUc Foams SioraRe, Handlmg a,nd Saiely En the Scale up snd Trsegtgrpf panias kha Eilm,
' k'abri cdtian - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5&5 20 Ch emital Ptotesses . - - - - $G•14 ,20
•
i Forklifl Oper8liuli8 - SG-5 2a 2, 234 ~ar 4VIIKi1e-"Gv1de fnr Sefeb' In the
GuYft faf SturBge and Nandlirkp ei Shock ~ CJ,$E HI$TQRIE$ 4F ACCIpENTS IN TiIE Chemit81 LahOrS1oW'-$4.54_ OEder dir2tt
and Impmk $ensiGve xlile+iols - - - SC-7 ,21) CAEMICAL I~YdIlSiRY, 1'4L 4?JE-1962, 5254 from d Ven Raslrsnd E Cu, Inc_, 12)0 Alrs.
~lectricol $xlich LOCkouR ProcoduFe _ SC-a Z%I) snder $p, Pnncekan, N, J.
MkNIJAL OF STANQARd ANd RECOhVu{ENpED PRACTICE
b•10 Fertilitet Gtado Ammonium MiUa9a iRc-iised 7-160 _ ,54 7G.3 Tank Cars-Unlaading when iillgd wJlh Ilquld Caqgklc $Oda
Supplemenk Ma k#-a Ai4npal ,h•](I--pplk $lprage: pf FeFk1112ef Grade ,4m, oF Uutlit P49ash [Rcviscd 1946, I954, ]952) , 2¢
moni um Nitrate (19621 -24 TC-0 Tank Car5_JLlnj48di ng wl6en ill led wilh f IammablE li qwds
~ 0-1 Carbays IICC•1A} iFOd ShiRPers) - 25 iRena¢d. 19521 ~0
C_ 2 CerbuYS fICC. I N~Fw (onslRne esF 5 TC-6 Tank fiars.-Unloa6ing wh ee !i IleG wlth Phenol iRerised 19591 .~0
C-3 CArbM' B6ikle t l3 g81„ cYlindriCal. SlfAighl side ICC Spec_ TGJ TBnu CBF-Loading Aind 1lnlfiading Platiorms Z
]AM ,lb S_25 Sudiuoi 8lsuliake fRiter C.akel--BuYk Sh3pmeMS in BoK Cars _96
C-3A Cerball B4i#le end CIowFe dG 44 F•aL, ICC Spec, 14) - - - - 20 T-t ' Ttble-,+Wi~a fimmomla - - - - - - - - - - - - kS
C-4 CAf6op SiUppefs, POrou9 EAi Rheeware, SpcG $ Melhad oi T-3 `Tahle-WdratfrlariC ACid - - - - - - - - - - A5 ies#inR - - - -1a r-S `Tatle-`litric Acid
CA•1 Reconlcnended Abbfeviatims lOf Rebgeni and Fne Chenicals 24 T•7 ' TaLIc~uHaric Acid i~9396Y Q5
d~0 Or~vns, Sleel [IC~5W iFor Se~lppersl - - - - - - - - - - - -lo
"1 drums fIaSPd iFof Consigneesf 45 T-7A -TaLlC--~UIIUfFL ALFG ~9-- tUOW 05 ~
0,33 DfUms, $kE+el fIC~,EJC nqd 17€--Whee u9ed 1or shipping T-6 Oiegrem--~)leum Freeaing Point; t(~
Ilemmeqle Gqui~dg ilsshi ng bg1wegn 2p° eiwl $p° F, ,20 T-$ ' Tr1tilo-2inc Chlaride Solutino d5
p-50 1iAndling And S1ora2e pi FiEer GPUrns ,20 Te~ ! TauA Cars-Unlmdieg wherv !i Ired wllh sulf imlc atld or
L-I Guide ta Preceutian3ry Lsbel mg atl Haeardaus Chemicals mixed nitric snd suliaric euds (Aevised ] 959)
ISik1h Etlition-19611 2_00 'fC-2 Tznk Dars-1`131] Spec_ 1439, RuhherXined--Umloading rrhen
If~F Groyhltat pezipn prpceduJt tpr Bpqtd Flan2e ConnEtRiUz fdle$ wikh Murlfltifi dcid, Phqspharlfi d:lel, pr plhsr
{1,4 Joinksl M ee#ing d,SME Code Requiremenks - - - - - - 1,25 authan aed liqaids _15
N-! Rendling nf Nikrocellulpse Wek vr+4h AlC4h41 ~pr Okher pr.
ganie Liquid) or Waker xtiile in ICC Contamers; in 59ar-
02B Of Iry plOCBS$. RG1'ISld. 1i49 _ _ _ _ _ " _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ,LO ` e2'nb8dip} SPBCiLi{ GlBfil~'. P[ldER18g8, digf84i BEWMB AmA TM_
Pleese send remittanee wjkh ordeF k0 WlGlitati0ns bCpAftmOnt, I'UhutaCtmirlg ChCniStS' Assaclailon, Inc„ 1825 ConnsclECUt Avenue, Washingkan 9, J), C.
PrlnRed in USJ~
~
~ CENTRAI SOIVENTS & CHEMICALS C0.
olvents L. H. BUTCHER DIVISION
and
C•
, E A S T 844 TR EIdT o SPO KAN E, WASH I NGTON
.
HuosoH s-4Wo 4 February 1965
Spokane County Planning Commi.ssion
Spokane County Courthouse
Spokane, Washington
Subject: Central Solvents & Chemicals Company
Zoning Classification
Gent7.emen:
We propose to build a building of approximataly 10,000 square feet including
dock area, pump house, warehouse, and office or 3/4 to 1 acre of ],and adjacent
to a rail siding. Chemlcal distribution, both liquid and dry is our business.
k'e manufacture nothing, but we repack the following types of bulk chemical items
into druafs :
Alcohols: Methanol, Anti-Freeze and Isopropyl Alcohol
Polyols : Ethylene Glycol and Anti-Freeze
Aliphatic Aromatic Hydrocarbon-Solvents; Xylene and Mineral Spirits
Ketones: Acetone and N:ethyl Ethyl Ketone
On the bulk chemicals listed above we would place these in our bulk tanks and
then drum off the material as required.
We bring in other items such as Chaorinated Solvents (Trichloroethylene, Etc.),
and acids and amnonia and chlorine in drums and cylinders for distribution. TnTe
warehouse filter cla.ys, calcium chloride (salt), caustic soda, Polyethylene resins,
phosphates, and other r-isc. dry comm6dity chemicals. Qur primary function is
warehousing, packaging;i and distribution.
I believe that M 1 Light Industrial Zone of the City of Spokane Code 1-rouZd be
appropriate under section 165.20 - 28 "Manufacturing , and paints not
using the boiling process", as we would he handling solvents in a similar fashion
but with even less hazard because we do not maufacture or raechanicaJ:ly mix
materials, and simil.a.r also to item #36 Truck Terninals intercity. Thank you.
Sincerely yours,
D.S. McKenzie
iHE SOIYENiS ANO CHEMICALS COMPANIES '
DSM: pw
OffFICfS AND PLANTS INe BUFfALO # CHICAUU • CINCINNATI • CIEYEIAND • DAIIl1S • DETilO1T • FOfiT WAYNE • CR0.ND RAPIDS • MOUSTOf1 • INOIANAP07.1$ • I(ANSJIS CITY, M0. • LOS II►IGEIES
lOUISVILLE • MIIWAUKEE • tiEW ORLEANS • P117SBUiiCH • PORTLAND 9 SALT UIKE ClTY 9 SAN fiUWC19C0 • SEATTLE 9 SPOKANE • ST. LOUIS • TaLEDO • WINDSOR, ONTARIO, CAMADA
~f ~ AT~. ~•~~y y 4i ' ~ . ~4 ' . . '
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• _ ` ( " • , _ ,~...~....r.~...~.~.w...w.r.. .~+~.r.~•.r~
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~ ~.t~~P- ~ ~ _ _ ~Y:. - • . .
T77 _ _ . _ . . ~
o%
C 0 U N T Y 0 F S P 0 K A N E
SPOKAAIE, W A S H I t1GTON
SPOKAidE COUqTY BOARD OF ADJUSTMENT Case No. Ca-1?-65
Date s Hay 69 1465
CERTZFICATE OF APPROVAL F'OR CONDITI0NIAL USE PFRMZT
i. Name : Central Solventa and Chemicala CovngaM ,
2. 1•failing Addresss P. fl, Box 2$04, Terminal Annex, Spokanep Waahington
3. Legal Deseription of Propertyo
Lota $ through 129 Block i, 3ecohd Addition to Yardlqy in 3ection 139
Towm ship 25 X., Range 431 E. W. M.
4. Nature o£ Conditiona:! Use PezYmit Reguested: Sto1'sge of InPlanmable liquids and
gage/.
So Approved by Zoning Adjustor afteY public hea.rimg on Nay 39 1165.
CONDITIONS:
i. Ths applicant ehall inetall a atandard lire tydrant within 300 leet
of the nain Duildinga. ?he bydrant ehall deliver a ninintum tlox ot
500 gallona per eirmte.
2. Th+e appli.oant a2all submit detailed plana oY tau conatruation and the
iastallation to the Spokanm County Fire ProteoLion Dietrict A, the
County Building Code Departaaent, and ar~yr other agenoy that requiree thea.
3. The safe handling and uae of chlorine shall bs governed by Ch,nnioal Saf'ety
Data 3hset SD - 80 0f the Mamfacturizig Chemiete' Aesociat3on.
,
-~9-~f~~- .~'/-~ti✓
CHARLES L. HUGGINS9 A o nireg Adjustor
ATTEST: Beatrice V. HS.llsfl Recording Secretary
mimmi 1965
ZONM JIDJUSTOR
C0NIDITMfifAL USEJMHIT A14D VARIA19M
1. .GILE..12=kL StoraeL,,,f ~e.?^i Qt an~ Gasas
VS _ 4~ Site Area Vir ~t •
7om.ixg Adjuatar Dsciaions ApprM the ccMitional uae pezmit $rtd vm4iar,ce
' for 'th~~ followlag reasrorw wtd subject to the
fo].lowIng oanditioynse
A. Re8sDC1s2 '
Yarianca
1. Because af epecial circumstancea applieable to tht.s application
amd aubjaot ProPer'ty, nmely the xaotlodo, type,and na#um of
st,orap ;eculiar to this applicationR the matab3Sshaent f$
dewea to ba difloxent 3n k3.nd from estsb2idbmexts contemplated
by the minlzv firre acre ].ot are& requ3.rament of Sectia~ 4.24.140.
2. Tlte grarxt3r,g ot the ,~varlaftep mubjact f.o the oond3.tions atipaated,
xiXl not in the opixtion of the Zoning Adjustar rem1t in a corditian
detrimean4.a1 to t,he :pub]#,a vel.taze or in3urioua to the proPer"tY
or imgmvmonts itY the victnity and zoae in erhic#t Eubjac~ propertaY
is situated. , .
Coriational Uss Pormit:
i. The 7=ing AdJmstor is satianed after review of the proposal by
the Va3iey Fire Depaxtment th~t adequats provisi.ons eh&31 1o made
for the reduct#oa of lire aad explosion hazar3e and oi' the xedacti.on
of ench rnuismas fac#,ors as odor, #1mes, d►tstp and aoi.ae.
2. The 7on3.ng Adjus#.or daams that the site ama pxopos~d ia ad$qQate
and vgtopriAte for the remone mentioned in VE-9-65 abn-0.
B. Condi#.iorat
i. The appIicant aba].l 3.aetall a stands-rd fira hydrant erithixy 300 feet
p~ the =g'g i9ii7~„rli W. Th9 hyd"dl1t ab43l deliVA91C a mmfmxo flOSd
of 300 sAUOn9 p0r IAi.CIuteo
2} The appliemt shall subait detailed plsns of the oanwtm~tion and
the inatallation ta the Spokar►e Caunty Fir'e Protectijpn Ikiatx'#.ct #Ip
the CaatrTtp Hm#.ldir.rg Code Departmanti, and any at.#er ogeac.y t,hat
reqpire3 UM. -
3. The eafe ham&inz md use of Chlorirte sha1l be govemed ty Chem3.ca3
Wety Data Sheet SD - iS0 of t,hs 35anuLfsotur3ng C,hemiffts' Association.
Cor~ti=od sn next Page
CIIE-iZ161 Sta Me o£ InPlaZable Liquida ~l 4aVs
(ConLinued)
VE- -6,jL Si,~,te brea RGcuemont
C. t3enexal Patas
1. Locations Section 139 Tovnship 25 N., Range 439 B•W-M-
Lota $ throngh 129 B1oak 2, Seoond Addition
to Yardl.eq.
2. Applicant: Central 3olvenfi.a and Ghemicals Company
P. Oo Boz 2804, Terasinal Annaz
Spokme. Nashington
. 3. gite Sisa t Approximtely 419800 square fe0t
4. ESdst3ng Zoniagt Hamafactnring, eetablishsd December 299 1941
P+amit Requeatsdt To penait the storage of intlammable liquids
aad gaaea.
6. Dariaace Ac:questeda To permit t2e storage on a site having an
area of approximately 419800 square Yeet,
xhemas the Zoaing Qrdimance re4uires a
• aite area of tive zaras.
7. ApplicatLon of Zoning Proeriaiont Chapter 4.129 Seotion 4.12.184-a
and Ghapter 4.249, sect3.on 4.24.14o-b-(1)
J-
Spokane County Fire Protection Disfrict No. 1
STATIOAI N0, S. BROADWAY AND SULLIVAN
VERADALE, WASHINGTON
FIRF COMMI$TiIONER6:
U. 5HHRMl1N BLAKE, CHAIRMAlJ
C. VERN LIiTLE April 21, 1965
ARTHUR I. MANSOIY
ATrO R N EY:
K@RMIT M.RIJDOLF
BECRETARY:
TMON4A5 R. TOOLE
vou6 cr+i6R:
L. C. 9CHLICKER
Charles L. HuEgins, Director
Spokane County Plznning Commission (re: Centrml Solvents &
Sgokane County Court House Chemicals Co. CtJF,17-65)
Spokane, Washington
Dear Mr. Huggins:
We vaould like the following regulations added to the conditional use of the
property of Central Solvents and Chemicals Co., Spokane, WashinEton:
1. Install a etandard fire hydrant vrithin 300' of the mzin buildings.
The hydrant shall delaver a minimum flow of 500 Eallona per minute.
2. Submit detailed plans of the constructimn and the inetallation te
Spokane County Fire Protection Diatrict #1 and any other zgencdv that
requiros them.
3. The safe hznciline znd use of chlorine shall be governed by Chemical
Safety Datz Sheet SD - 80 of the buanufacturi.ng Chemists' Ass'n., Inc.
Yours very truly,
I
/
zmes P. Kearney
Fire Mzrshzl
Jl'K/jt
~~~~~1 V E D
APR 22 1965
SPOKANE COUNTY
PLANNING rOMMISSION
:?1id i.:.l~a i.RC.;i F1~..-..:6 AJ-~'T i.^I:t3';ti~j
n -anting Of ti.hig appli,catior..
TICS OF ~T~B~E Sr~~?" L C)G?•~'' C~~i,.:: eJ ~3'.~
Sc"4~A7~17~ CWJ~li 41lifM AWWlVn ry~-
Ct'O SPO" OOIlM PIAIM~l CLMSfI3.SI;)1i
;ZEM, PUSL~ BEASIIa OF MLY 39 1965
irEes Mondkvs M;T 1965, JO
Plaost Assembly fiaam, C,=ty Cat:rt Iiaui!o
CO MUML Um.~..~-VMIA=
1. C~37.-65. 5ta~ at InR=tbl.e Liqu±~~.s ~nd ~a,~.
ti&. 4..63. site Ar Reajdsnt
'a z an: sectioa 13, ?oMaahiP 25 h. , :tcuge 431, 7; . W. x.
r.ata S thraab 14 Hiock 1, sawad 1.dc; i t-, ?n i:,
Yardl.v.
L. App1icauts Csat.ral 9olrente wd C.'hosie-ta Cczmp,~::;.
P. 0. Boac 2804 2oTst3iu1 Asjoeo~
Spokaneg Wkshington
o. Sits Sieit Appritinatalj► 41, 800 aquaro t~
3. ~:dating Zoa3ng3 ksmLtactnrwbW, establlatued Dacer.:c-~r
e. 701"ait iteqursetodt :b petsuit t2b *torags of inf3.aastablo Tlqttida ans!
f~ 'tartuicc ~~ncVlaotncij To pc►mit tho atorago on s sit,e batdjn sn area
,.)f a~pro~ci~aatrelf 419840 squaxo loet, Uberroas th-.
ZOnSJf$ OT'dlym=1C0 Y'OQ1l'ITOa lt attA AmL' Oi 5 LtC:'tfS•• ~
q„ i~-a~~.un of .".o:~.:g Frovi~nt C~opter 4. i?_, ~ticn k.12.284-a
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a
APPLICATION FOR SPOKANE COUNTY PLANNING COMMISSION
SPECIAL CONDITTONAL PERMIT, Court Hause, Spokane, Washington 99201
Date April 19, 1965 Application No. : ~ t( 17 - fo ~
(THIS APPLICATION IS NOT ACCEPTABLE UNLESS ALL REQUIRED STATFIV[ENTS HAVE BEEN MADE)
(1) Name; (`,nntral Snlvmntq gt, ChFamicalra f`mmp ry (2) Phone: __B1 9-wo
(3) Mailing Adclresso P.O. Box 2804 T.A. - East 844 Trent Avenue - Spokane. Washington
(Streat) (City) (State)
West half of block bounded by Sharp Avenue along
(4) Street Address of the Property in Quest3on: the north side. Eastern Avenue to the weatr Boone
Avenue to the south, and I}yer Street to the east.
(S) Legal Description of the Property: Lots 5.6 708;9_10.1]_ Rc12; block -l. second addition to
Yardley' ' . , . -
Section: i~ Towaship: Rarige: 4-A
L--(6) Zone in which the propErty is loca.ted: Manufar_tnr;no
3
Established: 1958 revised December 3* 1964
~(.7) Frovision of the Zoning Ordinance Applfcable: 4.24•140 b(1) minimum lot area: 5 acres
8toraAe of inflamtnable liquids and gases
(8) Conditions for a Special Permit: YOU MUST ANSWER AI,L OF THE FOLLOVI/ING OUESTIONS:
(a) What is the nature of the Special Permit? To reduce acreaive rRoiAirment from S acres
to approxdmately400000 square feet.
(b) What are the specific reasons for the SAecial Pexmit? Mini.mum land area of 4.1.769 sauare
feet, excluding the vacated area is four times iarger than the proposed warehouse bldg.
of 10,000 square feet planned for the sight. Additional land requirements would be a
~~nanc~a~harasnip oi no value Lo us ana no a3.5cerna6le vaiue iram a sa
or previous~nationwide history of our type of operation.
(c) What facts support your request for a Specfal Permit? StnragA of ratr~ift,m inflammablRs
i.s in small underground tanks. Our primary business is not l.arge above ground bulk storagi
tanks, and we are primazily a warehousing distributor of chemicals. There will be no bulk
gas storage tanks, but only resale ton containers or cylinders of non-fiamma.ble cnlorine
gas. Land requirements throughout the rest of the country for our other offi.ces are
commen .
(d) 1Nhat effoct will the proposed sse have on adjacent property? There will be no effect.
but it will raise its value, and make it accessible to rail didings, water and fire prp ec•
_~on,
(e) What interest does the applicant have in the property? 1de wish to =chase the land.
(9) F sh a r er from a Title In.~.u~r .Co xnAa , shawir~g~ the . jo'~Arty obv,~ers of record,
~A
• their address, thin 3QA-f~of the exterior lundat~i ,~-cSf sub ect property~., ~
~R
Page 2, Special Conditional Permit Application Spokane County Planning Commission
(10) Who holds title to the property? Northern Pacific Railroad.
If more than one owner, an attached list of names, addresses, and legal descriptions must
be subm.fttied wf.th this application.
(11) A plot Plan-o- .9}.etc# must -bs-.a:tac-he:', sontainfna the followSra.cr f.nformatiom, ,
(a) Scale Of thc7l!f.3w:.r4., 1 .-.40
' t,°,yr if 7. • ° : i -
(b) N'orth point e ' . , _ ' c,i . . . , . . _
(C) nr3tiE .
(d) AlI dimensions of propertyPyLtr;g~~+s~`:i~ ,gfs~ At,.d _TS Oa kai,ttlalrigs.
(e) Locat{.on of a1.P existing and pxoposed build!ngs, ar addltions with dimensions to
nearest properi:y line.
(f) Off-.st:eet parking area.
(g) Def:.ned pofntis of access and AgrQSS.
(h) ToZ~ga'aph,ic f.eablres pertlneTit to applic~titi.lons (such as rock outcrop, canyor_s,
hi7.is, etc.).
(12) The r.ecessasy fee mu.st accompany thbs application.
, - - I, THE UNDERSIGNED, understand that this applicatior. must be complete and accurate
. `i*arcd that:aTl-U 4nust be complied with before a request may be
advertf sed for a public hearing and that the Zoning Adjustor may request additional
pertinent in#ormation.
,,iynature of Applfcant•
D.B. McKeAie, Branch Manager
Central Solvents & Chemicals C,ompany
IF APPROVED, CONSTRUCTION IS NOT AUTHORIZED UNTIL LAND USE OR BUILDING PERMIT IS
TSSUED BY THE BUILDING CODES DFPARTMENT.
Spokane County Planning Commfssion
August 25, 1964
CENTRAL SOIVENTS & CHEMICALS C0.
/Iolvents L. H. BUTCHER DIVISION
C' , EAST 844 TRENT • SPOKAN E, WASH I NGTON
HUOSON 4-4320
Apri1 19, 1965
Mr. Charles Huggins
Planning Commiasioner
Spokane County Courthouse
Spokane, Washington
Subject: Zoning Classification and Perrnit - Conditional Use & Zcning
Variance Permit
Dear Mr. Huggi.ns:
Our Chicago office and Board oY Directore has approved thia month the
purchase of land in Seattle, Washington and Spokane, 4dashington from
the Northern Pacific Railroad, subject to isauaaima of a conditional
use and zoning variance permit from Spokane County.
Attached are the application forms and fee. If you should have any
further questions, please do not hesitate to contact me.
Thank you.
Sincerely yours,
CIIVTRAL SOLVENTS & CHMCAIS CaMPANY
s-
D.S. McKenzie
Branch Manager
D6M:pw
1HE SOIVEHiS AHD CHEMICbIS COMPaHIES
OiFICES AND PLANTS IN: BUFFALO • CHICAGO • CINCIMNATI • CLfVELANO • DAILAS • DETROIT • FOR'i WAYNE • GNkND RAPIDS • HOVSTON • INDIANAPaUS •!(ANSAS CITY, hGO. • LOS ANG£LE9
lOUISYILLE • MIlW0.UKEE • NEW ORIEANS • PITTSBURG31 • PORiLAND • SALT L0.KE CITY • SAN FRANCISGO • SEATTLE • SPOKANE • ST. LOUIS • TOlE00 • WINDSOR, ONTARIO, GANADA
~ .
.
.
SPOKANE COUNTY PLANNING COMMISSION
COUNfiY COURT HOUSE ~
SpOKAN£ l , VOtASIUNGTON
IrpIJcATI oN:
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IGENDAS MAII.BD BY: DATE:
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