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Ordinance 16-018 in full comp plan update CITY OF SPOKANE VALLEY SPOKANE COUNTY,WASHINGTON ORDINANCE NO. 16-018 AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY OF SPOKANE VALLEY, SPOKANE COUNTY WASHINGTON, REPEALING THE EXISTING CITY OF SPOKANE VALLEY COMPREHENSIVE PLAN;REPEALING TITLES 17 AND 19,INCLUDING THE ZONING MAP, OF THE SPOKANE VALLEY MUNICIPAL CODE, CHAPTERS 21.20, 21.40, 22.50, AND 22.70 OF THE SPOKANE VALLEY MUNICIPAL CODE, AND APPENDIX A OF THE SPOKANE VALLEY MUNICIPAL CODE; ADOPTING THE CITY OF SPOKANE VALLEY 2016 COMPREHENSIVE PLAN UPDATE; ADOPTING UPDATED TITLES 17 AND 19,INCLUDING THE ZONING MAP, OF THE SPOKANE VALLEY MUNICIPAL CODE, CHAPTERS 21.20, 21.40, 22.50,AND 22.70 OF THE SPOKANE VALLEY MUNICIPAL CODE, AND APPENDIX A OF THE SPOKANE VALLEY MUNICIPAL CODE AS REQUIRED FOR ITS 2016 UPDATE PURSUANT TO THE GROWTH MANAGEMENT ACT; AMENDING SPOKANE VALLEY MUNICIPAL CODE SECTION 22.130.040 AS PART OF THE SAME; AND PROVIDING FOR OTHER MATTERS PROPERLY RELATING THERETO. WHEREAS, pursuant to Ordinance No. 06-010, on April 25, 2006, the City of Spokane Valley (City)adopted its Comprehensive Plan, Capital Facilities Plan,and associated maps as the Comprehensive Plan of the City of Spokane Valley; and WHEREAS, pursuant to Ordinance No. 07-010, on June 5, 2007,the City adopted Title 24 of the Spokane Valley Municipal Code(SVMC); and WHEREAS,pursuant to Ordinance No.07-015,the City adopted Titles 17 through 22 of the SVMC on September 25, 2007, which, combined with Title 24 of the SVMC, are the City's development regulations that govern and regulate land use,zoning, and building development within the City; and WHEREAS, pursuant to RCW 36.70A.130(1) and RCW 36.70A.130(5), the City is required to review, and if necessary,revise its Comprehensive Plan and associated development regulations to ensure the Comprehensive Plan and associated development regulations comply with the requirements of chapter 36.70A RCW(the GMA). The GMA refers to the review as an update and the City is required to complete its update by June 30,2017 and every eight years thereafter; and WHEREAS, on November 17, 2014, the City initiated its process to review and revise, as necessary, the Comprehensive Plan and associated development regulations as required by the GMA. The City has developed its updated 2016 Comprehensive Plan(the Comprehensive Plan Update) and updated Titles 17 and 19,including the Zoning Map,of the SVMC,and chapters 21.20,21.40,22.50,22.70,22.130, and Appendix A of the SVMC(together the Development Regulation Amendments); and WHEREAS, pursuant to RCW 36.70A.130, which requires the City to include in its Comprehensive Plan Update an analysis of the population allocated to the City, on November 4,2015,the Steering Committee of Elected Officials (SCEO) recommended the Spokane County Board of County Commissioners (BoCC) utilize a population forecast consistent with the Washington State Office of Financial Management medium forecast for 2037 and to allocate the population to cities, towns, and unincorporated urban growth areas consistent with the recommendation of the Planning Technical Advisory Committee (PTAC). The PTAC had previously recommended a population allocation of 14,650 for the City. On August 3, 2016, the BoCC considered and adopted the population forecast and allocation recommended by the SCEO pursuant to Spokane County Resolution No. 16-0553. The City was allocated an estimated 2017-2037 population of 14,650; and Ordinance 16-018: 2016 Comprehensive Plan and Development Regulations Update Page 1 of 11 WHEREAS, as part of the City's update,the City conducted a land capacity analysis and analyzed the population allocation made by the BoCC. The City has determined it has capacity for a 2017-2037 population of 21,852 under the Comprehensive Plan Update and that it has sufficient land capacity and availability to meet the BoCC population allocation; and WHEREAS,as part of the City's update,it conducted a Transportation System Existing Conditions Report, Existing Conditions-Housing and Economic Trends Report, Retail Improvement Strategy, and Tourism Strategy to assist with development of the Comprehensive Plan Update and associated Development Regulation Amendments; and WHEREAS,the Comprehensive Plan Update and Development Regulation Amendments meet the requirements of the GMA as described in detail below in the FIndings, including but not limited to consideration of natural resources, inclusion of mandatory elements, consistency internally and with Countywide Planning Policies, concurrency, and consideration of required planning actions to accommodate projected population growth through 2037; and WHEREAS, on September 16, 2016, the City notified the Washington State Department of Commerce (Commerce) pursuant to RCW 36.70A.106 providing a 60-day notice of intent to adopt the Comprehensive Plan Update and Development Regulation Amendments; and WHEREAS, RCW 36.70A.035 and RCW 36.70A.140 require the City to "establish and broadly disseminate to the public a public participation program identifying procedures providing for early and continuous public participation in the development and amendment of comprehensive land use plans and development regulations implementing such plans"; and WHEREAS, on January 6, 2015, the City adopted a public participation program for the Comprehensive Plan Update and associated Development Regulation Amendments; and WHEREAS, since November 17, 2014, the City conducted 45 public meetings, which included meetings for community visioning, acceptance and review of citizen action requests(CARs), discussion of the City's land quantity analysis, discussion of the Transportation System Existing Conditions Report, Existing Conditions-Housing and Economic Trends Report, Retail Improvement Strategy, and Tourism Strategy, discussion of water resource inventory and planning issues, consideration of alternative housing types, a joint City Council-Planning Commission workshop, public open house, properly noticed public hearing by Planning Commission on September 29, 2016 and October 6, 2016, and a properly noticed public hearing by the City Council on November 8,2016; and WHEREAS, the City has received 140 public comments from citizens and agencies regarding the Comprehensive Plan Update and associated Development Regulation Amendments; and WHEREAS, the City Council has duly considered all comments received; and WHEREAS, the City is required to comply with the State Environmental Policy Act (SEPA) set forth in chapter 43.21 C RCW et seq. and chapter 197-11 WAC in adopting the City's Comprehensive Plan Update and associated Development Regulation Amendments; and WHEREAS, on January 29, 2015, the City issued a Determination of Significance for the Comprehensive Plan and associated Development Regulation Amendments;and Ordinance 16-018: 2016 Comprehensive Plan and Development Regulations Update Page 2 of 11 WHEREAS, pursuant to SEPA and the Determination of Significance, the City issued the non- project Draft Environmental Impact Statement(Draft EIS) on September 16,2016. The non-project Draft EIS is integrated with the Comprehensive Plan pursuant to WAC 197-11-210. The Draft EIS was sent to agencies listed in Section 3.3 of the Draft EIS and made available to the public for comment as required pursuant to WAC 197-11-455;and WHEREAS,pursuant to WAC 197-11-455,the City has considered all comments to the Draft EIS and incorporated responses within the Final EIS, to be issued concurrently with the Comprehensive Plan Update and associated Development Regulation Amendments; and WHEREAS, the adoption of the Comprehensive Plan Update and Development Regulation Amendments is necessary to protect the health, safety, and welfare of the general public and the environment. NOW, THEREFORE,the City Council of the City of Spokane Valley do ordain as follows: Section 1. Purpose. The purpose of this Ordinance is to adopt the Comprehensive Plan Update and Development Regulation Amendments as required pursuant to the GMA. Section 2. Findings. The City Council acknowledges that the Planning Commission conducted appropriate investigation and study and held a public hearing on the Comprehensive Plan Update and Development Regulation Amendments. The City Council has read and considered the Planning Commission's findings. The City Council incorporates the preceding recitals and adopts them as findings, as if incorporated herein. Additionally, the City Council hereby makes the following findings applicable to the Comprehensive Plan Update and Development Regulation Amendments: A. Mandate to plan under the GMA and to complete a periodic update: The City is required to plan under the fiill mandates of the GMA as of the date of its incorporation on March 31,2003. Accordingly, the City is required to review and, if necessary, revise its Comprehensive PIan and associated development regulations to ensure they comply with the requirements of the GMA. The Comprehensive Plan Update and Development Regulation Amendments meet the City's requirement to conduct the required update. B. Compliance with SEPA(chapter 43.21C RCW and chapter 197-11 WAC): 1. The City conducted an environmental review of the Comprehensive Plan Update and the Development Regulation Amendments pursuant to chapter 43.21C RCW(SEPA),and chapter 197- 11 WAC. Pursuant to WAC 197-11-210,the City integrated its environmental review under SEPA with the update to ensure that environmental analyses under SEPA occurred concurrently with and as an integral part of the City's planning and decision making under GMA. 2. On January 29, 2016,the City made a Determination of Significance for the Comprehensive Plan Update and associated Development Regulation Amendments in accordance with SEPA requirements. 3. Pursuant to the Determination of Significance and SEPA,the City issued the non-project Draft EIS September 16, 2016. 4. On September 16, 2016, the Draft EIS was sent to agencies listed in Section 3.3 of the Draft EIS and made available to the public for comment pursuant to WAC 197-11-455. 5. Pursuant to SEPA,the City accepted public comment on the Draft EIS concurrently with the public comment period on the Comprehensive Plan Update and Development Regulation Amendments until November 15, 2016. Ordinance 16-018:2016 Comprehensive Plan and Development Regulations Update Page 3 of 11 6. The City has prepared and included responses to the comments received on the Draft EIS in the Final EIS. A Final EIS is being issued concurrently with the adoption of the Comprehensive Plan Update and Development Regulation Amendments pursuant to WAC 197-11-230. 7. The Final EIS includes concise analysis of alternatives and addresses the environmental impacts associated with the planning decisions set forth in the Comprehensive Plan Update and Development Regulation Amendments. The Final EIS considers mitigation of those significant impacts identified as a result of the Comprehensive Plan Update and associated Development Regulation Amendments. The City has considered the impacts and mitigation identified in the EIS in the development and adoption of the Comprehensive Plan Update and associated Development Regulation Amendments. The Comprehensive Plan Update and associated Development Regulation Amendments incorporate the mitigation identified within the issued Final EIS and are consistent with and meet all SEPA requirements. C. Public Participation: Pursuant to RCW 36.70A.140,the City has provided opportunities for early and continuous public participation in the development and amendment of the Comprehensive Plan Update and associated Development Regulation Amendments that included broad dissemination of proposals and alternatives,opportunity for written comments,public meetings after effective notice,provision for open discussion communication programs, information services and consideration and response to public comments. These opportunities included the following specific steps: 1. The Planning Commission conducted and/or participated in the following meetings: a. Visioning meetings on January 23, March 4, and April 15,2015; b. Planning Commission study session, public hearings, and recommendation of Citizen Action Requests on April 23,May 14, and June 8, 2015; c. Joint City Council and Planning Commission interactive workshop on May 3, 2016; d. Planning Commission study sessions on various components of the Comprehensive Plan Update and Development Regulation Amendments on April 28,May 12,May 26,June 9,June 23,July 14,July 28, August 11, and August 25,2016; e. Open house for the Comprehensive Plan Update, Development Regulation Amendments, and Draft EIS on September 8,2016; 1 Planning Commission study session on the Comprehensive Plan Update, Development Regulation Amendments, and Draft EIS on September 22, 2016; g. Planning Commission public hearing on the Comprehensive Plan Update, Development Regulation Amendments, and Draft EIS on September 29 and October 6,2016; and h. Planning Commission deliberation and recommendation on Comprehensive Plan Update, Development Regulation Amendments, and Draft EIS on October 6 and October 13, 2016. 2. The Planning Commission received 32 written and 54 oral public comments on September 29 and October 6, 2016. All comments received up to October 6, 2016, were duly considered by the Planning Commission. 3. The Planning Commission deliberated on all provisions of the Comprehensive Plan Update, Development Regulation Amendments,and Draft EIS in open public meetings on October 6,2016, October 13, 2016, and adopted findings supporting its recommendation on October 20,2016. 4. The City Council conducted and or participated in the following meetings: a. Kickoff on November 17, 2014; Ordinance I6-018:2016 Comprehensive Plan and Development Regulations Update Page 4 of 11 b. The City Council considered the public participation program on December 16, 2014 and adopted the public participation program on January 6,2015; c. Visioning meetings on January 23,March 4,and April 15, 2015; d. Meetings to review and consider the CARs on June 2,2015 and June 9,2015; e. Discussion of various components of the Comprehensive Plan Update and Development Regulation Amendments on June 30, 2015, July 21, 2015, October 6, 2015, November 17, 2015, December 1, 2015, March 1, 2016, March 29, 2016, April 12, 2016, June 7, 2016, June 17,2016,June 28,2016,July 12,2016,July 26, 2016,August 9,2016, and August 30,2016; f. Joint CIty Council and Planning Commission Interactive workshop on May 3, 2016; g. Open house for the Comprehensive Plan Update,Development Regulation Amendments, and Draft EIS on September 8,2016; h. Administrative report on Planning Commission's recommendation for the Comprehensive Plan Update and Development Regulation Amendments on October 25, 2016; i. Public hearing on the Comprehensive Plan Update, Development Regulation Amendments, and Draft EIS on November 8, 2016; j. First reading of Ordinance No. 16-018 on the Comprehensive Plan Update, Development Regulation Amendments, and Draft ECS on November 8,2016; and k. Second reading of Ordinance No. 16-018 on Comprehensive Plan Update, Development Regulation Amendments, and Final EIS on December 13,2016. 5. City Council received 28 oral public comments at the public hearing on November 8, 2016. Additionally, several comments were received prior to the public hearing which were incorporated and included as part of the record considered by City Council. In total, the City has received 140 public comments. All comments received by the City have been included in the record and have been duly considered by the City Council. D. Review by Washington State Department of Commerce: Pursuant to GMA requirements, the Comprehensive Plan Update, Development Regulation Amendments and Draft EIS were submitted to Commerce on September 16,2016. E. Comprehensive Plan Update and Final EIS Findings: Pursuant to RCW 36.70A.130 and SVMC 17.80.140, the City Council makes the following findings with regard to the Comprehensive Plan Update and Final EIS: 1. Consistency with County-Wide Planning Policies: a. Spokane County (the County) has adopted its Countywide Planning Policies as a regional framework for comprehensive planning pursuant to the GMA. b. The Comprehensive Plan Update and Development Regulation Amendments are consistent with the County's Countywide Planning Policies. Each chapter of the Comprehensive Plan Update includes references to applicable Countywide Planning Policies. 2. Consideration of Natural Resource Lands: a. The City has not changed its designation of agricultural and forest resource lands pursuant to RCW 36.70A.170. The City does not have lands that meet the designation criteria for agricultural or forest resource lands. b. Pursuant to RCW 36.70A.131, the City has reviewed its mineral resource lands designations as part of the update. Specifically, the City has requested and reviewed data from the Ordinance 16-018:2016 Comprehensive Plan and Development Regulations Update Page 5 of 11 Washington State Department of Natural Resources (Department of Natural Resources) relating to mineral deposits within the City. While the City has existing mining and mineral extraction operations within the City limits,any lands with mineral deposits within the City are already characterized by urban growth and do not meet the RCW or WAC criteria for having long-term significance for the extraction of minerals. Accordingly, designation of such areas as mineral resource lands pursuant to RCW 36.70A.170 is not appropriate as further described in the Comprehensive Plan Update. 3. Consideration of Critical Areas: a. Pursuant to RCA 36.70A.130(1)(c), the City considered and updated its critical areas regulations. Chapter 10 of the Comprehensive Plan Update is entitled "Natural Environment Element" and designates critical areas within the City, including wetlands, fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas, frequently flooded areas, geologically hazardous areas, and areas with a critical recharging effect on aquifers used for potable water. b. The designation of critical areas in Chapter 10 of the Comprehensive Plan Update incorporates best available science and complies with guidelines in chapter 365-195 WAC. Section 1.5 of the Final EIS describes recent efforts that occurred as part of the City's adoption of its Shoreline Master Program to identify,designate,and protect critical areas as they relate to shoreline areas in accordance with best available science. The documents and science used to ensure no net loss of ecological function of critical areas within the shoreline jurisdiction represent best available science for protection of critical areas, and were used as a foundation to designate and protect critical areas outside of shoreline jurisdiction as part of this update in order to meet GMA requirements. 4. Required Elements of the Comprehensive Plan; Compliance with GMA: a. The Comprehensive Plan Update includes all elements required by the GMA: -Economic Development Element -Land Use Element -Transportation Element -Housing Element -Capital Facilities Element -Private and Public Utilities Element -Parks and Open Space Element Further, as described above, the City has included the Natural Environment Element, which includes required consideration of natural resource lands and critical areas. In 2015, the City adopted its Shoreline Master Program pursuant to chapter 90.58 RCW,which is also considered in the Natural Environment Element chapter. The Shoreline Master Program is adopted and incorporated by reference in the Natural Environment Element. b. The Comprehensive Plan Update is internally consistent. The relationship of each chapter to other chapters is addressed in "The Comprehensive Planning Framework" section of Chapter One,Introduction and Vision. c. The Comprehensive Plan Update and each Element is consistent with and includes the standards and requirements of the GMA. d. The Comprehensive Plan Update meets the requirements of the City's required periodic review pursuant to RCW 36.70A.130 and WAC 365-196-610. Ordinance 16-018:2016 Comprehensive Plan and Development Regulations Update Page 6 of I 5. Concurrency: The Transportation Element and Capital Facilities Element require that new development be served with adequate facilities and services at the time of development or within a specified time frame and further calls for the implementation of a concurrency management system for transportation, water, and sewer facilities. Growth, existing and future levels of service, concurrency,and financing are all considerations addressed. 6. Urban Growth Areas: a. Pursuant to RCW 36.70A.130(1)(e),the City analyzed the population allocated to the City from the most recent ten-year population forecast by the Office of Financial Management. Specifically, consistent with Countywide Planning Policies, in 2009, the County allocated to the City a portion of the growth projected within the County. Subsequently, in 2013, the County adopted a different population projection that was greater than the projection adopted in 2009. The County's resolution adopting its new population projection was challenged and the Growth Management Hearings Board invalidated the resolution. In 2015, the Court of Appeals upheld the Growth Management Hearings Board decision. In November 2015, the SCEO voted to recommend a new population forecast consistent with the Washington State Office of Financial Management medium forecast for 2037 and to allocate the population to the cities,towns, and unincorporated urban growth areas consistent with the recommendation of the PTAC. The PTAC had recommended allocating a population of 14,650 to the City. The City initially based its review of growth on the population allocation recommended by the SCEO. Subsequently, on August 3, 2016 the BoCC adopted the population forecast and allocation recommended by the SCEO pursuant to Spokane County Resolution No. 16-0553. The City has determined that it has sufficient land capacity and availability to meet projected growth under the County's 2009 allocation, the SCEO's 2015 recommended allocation, and the population allocation for the City adopted by the BoCC. b. The City, in the development of the Comprehensive Plan Update, reviewed the densities allowed under the City's existing plan and those proposed in the Comprehensive Plan Update and Development Regulation Amendments and confirmed that the City can accommodate the projected population growth under either scenario. Accordingly, the City does not propose expanding urban growth areas to accommodate its population. The City has considered and included policies within the Comprehensive Plan Update to assess opportunities to annex lands within the existing urban growth areas. 7. Land Use Maps: The Comprehensive Plan Update includes a detailed map identifying all categories of land use within the City and its urban growth area boundaries (the Comprehensive Plan Land Use Map). 8. Relation to public health, safety, welfare, and protection of the environment: The City has considered the effect of the Comprehensive Plan Update upon the physical environment, open space, streams, rivers, and lakes; the impact on neighborhoods and compatibility with and consistency of all land uses within the City; the adequacy and impact on community facilities, including utilities, roads, public transportation, parks, recreation, and schools; the benefit to City and region;the quantity and location of various types of land uses and density and demand for such land;the current and projected population within the City; and the anticipated cumulative effect of each Element within the Comprehensive Plan Update. The City Council finds the Comprehensive Plan Update bears a substantial relation to the public health, safety, welfare, and protection of the environment. F. Development Regulation Amendments and Final EIS Findings: Pursuant to RCW 36.70A.130 and SVMC 17.80.150, the City Council makes the following findings with regard to the Development Regulation Amendments and Final EIS: Ordinance 16-018:2016 Comprehensive Plan and Development Regulations Update Page 7 of 11 I. Consideration of Natural Resource Lands and Critical Areas: a. The City does not have lands that meet the designation criteria for agricultural or forest resource lands and has not changed its designations. b. Although the City has existing mining and mineral extraction operations, the City has determined that designation of mineral resource lands is not appropriate at this time,as further described in the Comprehensive Plan Update. While the City has not designated any mineral resource lands, the Development Regulation Amendments do contain provisions to allow the continuation of the existing mining and mineral extraction operations. Additionally, the City inquired with the Departments of Natural Resources and Commerce for any new or modified model development regulations for mineral resource lands, and none were provided or identified. c. The City has designated critical areas. The Development Regulation Amendments include amendments to chapter 21.40 SVMC, Critical Areas to protect such critical areas pursuant to RCW 36.70A.060. The amendments to chapter 21.40 SVMC incorporate best available science and comply with chapter 365-195 WAC. 2. Required Development Regulations:Upon adoption of the Development Regulation Amendments, the Spokane Valley Municipal Code shall be consistent with and implement the Comprehensive Plan Update. The Development Regulation Amendments are consistent with the requirements of the GMA and meet the requirements of the City's required periodic review pursuant to RCW 36,70A.130 and WAC 365-196-610. 3. Land Use Maps: The Development Regulation Amendments include a detailed map consistent with the Comprehensive Plan Land Use Map identifying all land use zoning within the City. 4. SVMC 17.80.150: a. The City Council finds the Development Regulation Amendments are consistent with and implement the Comprehensive Plan Update. b. The City Council finds the Development Regulation Amendments bear a substantial relation to the public health, safety,welfare, and protection of the environment. G. Modifications to the Comprehensive Plan Update and Development Regulation Amendments: During its deliberations on October 6 and October 13,2016,the Planning Commission considered the identified areas of focus that came from the community visioning sessions, City Council goals, and public comments, as well as other considerations, and recommended several modifications to the Comprehensive Plan Update and Development Regulation Amendments. Further, since release of the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update and Development Regulation Amendments, staff identified clarifications and other• minor modifications to the proposed Comprehensive Plan Update and Development Regulation Amendments. Finally, the City Council also considered the identified areas of focus that came from the community visioning sessions, City Council goals, and public comments, as well as other considerations. Based upon consideration of all proposed modifications and comments, the City Council has considered and determined to take the following actions in the Comprehensive Plan Update and Development Regulation Amendments as described in further detail below: 1. Add a policy in Chapter 2 - Parks and Open Space Goals and Policies of the Comprehensive Plan Update to support xeriscaping, water conservation, and sustainable park management methods for upgrades and new parks. This change allows the City to set an example for its citizens through water conservation and usage on publicly-owned parks property. Ordinance 16-018: 2016 Comprehensive Plan and Development Regulations Update Page 8 of 11 2. Designate parcels 55173.1.01 S, 55173.1005, 55173.1019, and 55173.1020 as follows: Parcels Original draft proposed Planning Commission City Council designations designations and zoning recommended designations and zoning and zoning 55173.1018 Multifamily Residential Single Family Residential Single Family Residential (MFR); Multifamily (SFR); Single Family (SFR); Single Family Residential (MFR) Residential Urban(R-3) Residential Urban(R-3) 55173.1005 Multifamily Residential Single Family Residential Single Family Residential (MFR); Multifamily (SFR); Single Family (SFR); Single Family Residential (MFR) Residential Urban (R-3) Residential Urban (R-3) 55173.1019 Multifamily Residential Single Family Residential Multifamily Residential (MFR); Multifamily (SFR); Single Family (MFR); Multifamily Residential(MFR) Residential Urban (R-3) Residential (MFR) 55173.1020 Multifamily Residential Single Family Residential Multifamily Residential (MFR); Multifamily (SFR); Single Family (MFR);Multifamily Residential (MFR) Residential Urban (R-3) Residential (MFR) A large number of the total public comments received during this process have been related to the four parcels identified above. The majority of the public comments related to these parcels reflect a desire to designate the four parcels as SFR and R-3 to maintain the current character of the neighborhood. Further,the comments stated the concern that the traffic infrastructure currently is not sufficient to meet impacts from multifamily within the area. City Council desires to maintain Multifamily designations on parcels 55173.1019 and 55173.1020 to allow future multifamily development. 3. Designate the parcels located in the area south of Bow Avenue, west of Barker Road, north of Sprague Avenue, and east of Greenacres Road as Single Family Residential (SFR) and zone the same parcels as Single Family Residential Urban(R-3). These parcels are adjacent to the parcels described in (G)(2)above, and until the traffic infrastructure is improved, an SFR designation and R-3 zoning is appropriate in this area. Further,the current uses are primarily single family homes and so this change will maintain the character of the neighborhood. 4. Maintain SVMC 19.40.050 as originally proposed with no requirement that industrial accessory dwelling units be inhabited by the employer, operator, or employee of the company at which the industrial accessory dwelling is located. These are likely to be limited in number and impact due to the limited number of industrial dwelling units allowed per industrial project. 5. Remove SVMC 19.40.100(small residential dwellings and small residential dwellings—supportive housing) and other small residential dwelling and small residential dwelling—supportive housing provisions in Title 19 SVMC, and reserve the text amendment for future consideration when opportunities and potential impacts of the code change are better analyzed and understood. City Council acknowledges this is a new type of residential use for the City that may present unique opportunities in the future and therefore warrants further study and consideration. However, this type of residential use raises questions and its impacts are not sufficiently understood at this time, nor is it required to accommodate the population allocation or provide affordable housing opportunities in the City. Accordingly,it is appropriate to analyze this issue further and give more detailed attention to the potential impacts, benefits, and appropriate regulations for such use. Ordinance 16-018:2016 Comprehensive Plan and Development Regulations Update Page 9 of 11 6. Amend proposed SVMC 19.70.020 and Table 19.70-1, Residential Standards, to provide for a maximum density of 22 units per acre and a maximum building height of 50 feet in the Multifamily Residential (MFR)zone. This change will provide further buffer between single family residential and commercial zones and uses by limiting the multifamily density and multifamily building height to the current density and height standards. 7. Amend proposed SVMC 22.70.070(D) adding language to provide that full screening is required when a multifamily project abuts a single family residential use in multifamily zones. This change will further protect single family residential uses from impacts of multifamily, regardless of which zone the single family use is in. There are numerous single family uses in multifamily zones. S. Designate parcel 45091.9100 as Mixed Use(MU) and zone the same parcel as Mixed Use (MU). The City Council believes the project is consistent with development in the surrounding area and the topography is a natural buffer. 9. Approve minor modifications and grammatical corrections as proposed by City staff. These provide continuity with the other portions of the SVMC and clarify certain provisions within the Comprehensive Plan Update and Development Regulations. 10. Designate parcel 45163.0193 as Multifamily Residential (MFR) and zone the same parcel as Multifamily Residential (MFR). This change will retain the existing designation and zoning. All of these recommended changes are within the range of alternatives in the Final EIS and will either not create additional impacts or will reduce impacts identified therein. Section 3. Comprehensive Plan Repeal. The City Council hereby repeals the existing Comprehensive Plan, as initially adopted pursuant to Ordinance No. 06-010 and as most recently amended pursuant to Ordinance No. 16-006. Section 4. Comprehensive Plan Update Adoption. Pursuant to RCW 36.70A.130, the City Council hereby adopts the Comprehensive Plan Update as set forth in Attachment "A." Section 5. Repeal of Certain Development Regulations. The City Council hereby repeals Titles 17 and 19 SVMC,including the Zoning Map,and chapters 21.20,21.40,22.50,22.70,and Appendix A of the SVMC. Section 6. Adoption of Certain Development Regulation Amendments. Pursuant to RCW 36.70A.130, the City Council hereby adopts the updated Titles 17 and 19 SVMC, including the Zoning Map, chapters 21.20,21.40, 22.50, 22.70, and Appendix A of the SVMC as set forth in Attachment "B." Section 7. Amendment. Pursuant to RCW 36.70A.130, the City Council hereby amends SVMC 22.130.040 and chapter 9 of the Street Standards as also set forth in Attachment"B." Section S. Severability. If any section, sentence, clause or phrase of this Ordinance shall be held to be invalid or unconstitutional by a court of competent jurisdiction, such invalidity or unconstitutionality shall not affect the validity or constitutionality of any other section,sentence,clause,or phrase of this Ordinance. Section 9. Effective Date. This Ordinance shall be in full force and effect five days after publication of this Ordinance or a summary thereof in the official newspaper of the City of Spokane Valley as provided by law. Ordinance 16-018: 2016 Comprehensive Plan and Development Regulations Update Page 10 of I 1 PASSED by the City Council this 13 day of December, 2016. n II,A14"----764, • ATTES e L.R. Higgin_ hristine Bainbridge, City Clerk V Approved As To Form: , [ LJ Office ole City At au,ey Date of Publication: /6).- `o 3 -`az.dt. Effective Date: 1 c , fl `oZO/6' Ordinance 16-018:2016 Comprehensive Plan and Development Regulations Update Page 11 of 11 / o 'p( WC ne ....001;' dley / iia_ a4li 4 F.40 01 o Spokane V i Comprehensive Plan 2017-2037 DRAFT NOVEMBER 2016 THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY BLANK. Acknowledgments CITY COUNCIL Rod Higgins, Mayor Arne Woodard, Deputy Mayor Pam Haley Ed Pace Caleb Collier Sam Wood Mike Munch PLANNING COMMISSION • Kevin Anderson Heather Graham James Johnson Tim Kelley Mike Phillips • Suzanne Stathos •• • Michelle Rasmussen CITY OF SPOKANE VALLEY STAFF Mark Calhoun, City Manager John Hohman, Community Development Director • Mike Basinger,Senior Planner Lori Barlow,Senior Planner Chaz Bates, Economic Development Specialist Gloria Mantz, Development Engineer Sean Messner,Senior Traffic Engineer • • • CONSULTANT TEAM Van Ness Feldman Community Attributes Inc. Fehr and Peers • AECOM •• • Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction &Vision 1-7 Chapter 2: Goals, Policies & Strategies 2-19 Chapter 3: Economic Development 3-37 Chapter 4: Land Use 4-55 Chapter 5: Transportation 5-69 Chapter 6: Housing 6-95 Chapter 7: Capital Facilities & Public Services 7-111 Chapter 8: Public & Private Utilities 8-133 Chapter 9: Parks, Recreation, & Open Space 9-143 Chapter 10: Natural Resources 10-151 Table of Maps Figure 1: Spokane Valley and the Greater-Spokane Region 1-8 Figure 12: Retail Land Use Concentrations &Trade Areas 3-49 Figure 14: Community Assets and Tourism Opportunities 3-51 • Figure 16: Future Land Use Map 4-62 • Figure 19: Employment Density vs. Housing Density 5-73 Figure 20: Where Spokane Valley Employees Live 5-74 Figure 21: Where Spokane Valley Residents Go to Work 5-75 • Figure 24: Spokane Valley's Transportation Network 5-78 Figure 26: Existing Pedestrian Facilities 5-80 Figure 27: Existing and Recommended Bicycle Facilities 5-81 Figure 28: Existing and Recommended Transit Facilities 5-83 Figure 29: Average Daily Traffic for Spokane Valley 5-86 Figure 31: Existing LOS for Spokane Valley Roadways 5-89 Figure 32: Average Daily Traffic for Spokane Valley, 2040 5-90 Figure 33: Level of Service for Spokane Valley, 2040 5-91 Figure 45: Fire and Water Districts 7-116 Figure 46: Schools and School Districts 7-117 Figure 51: City of Spokane Valley Hydrology 10-156 • Figure 52: Priority Species and Habitat Areas 10-161 Figure 53: Geological Hazards 10-163 • • THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY BLANK. CHAPTER 1 Introduction & Vision 0 , 0 0 , Introduction Spokane Valley is a city of approximately 94,000 people in eastern Washington, only 10 miles from the Idaho border. It is bordered by Liberty Lake to the east, Millwood to the north and Spokane to the west, and the Spokane River and Interstate 90 bisect the City on an east-west axis; as the ninth-largest city in Washington State, it is an integral part of the greater Spokane region (Figure 1).Though Spokane Valley incorporated relatively recently—in 2003—it is already a major retail destination and a recognized employment center that offers opportunity to visitors and residents alike. Figure 1. Map of Spokane Valley and the Greater-Spokane Region Source:Community Attributes Inc. (2016) + L . kr..?. d F rr,P/ r r ,4* \ J Locat'ionofSpokane Valley Inthe Region - ..4 ` °'r -. Iii Municipal Boundaries n' ' 1 3 f i.rn- 4 / t ri al rf,.. 1 fo ,Ar*7w ,e y 1 / Fr- — ' °:`'- RoeFallx ct 4t. - :5pakaite LI..`#y Lake i 'a Fairchild "-3 Air FQrcc B4i6 S:r ,ti i.iLt°r7,Li,...i e. ....I y l 1 ,r• , -.} f57 k. MtedIsal Lake f k `, ;4 ...... "V y' I n. rir\ je: ill % i '7 \-.-,_ 1 ...., ..' It' - ,, 41.°,.!c '''' Cheney 0.ems`' .c w r r LR. ckloett .. ` - '- -_ _ d .+ Spr n?k 5 3z tMars tiiir Note:for the purposes of this document,"Spokane Valley"and"the City"refer to the incorporated City of Spokane Valley.In certain parts of this document, particularly those dealing with the history of the region,"the Spokane River valley"and"the valley"refer to a larger area related to lowlands surrounding the upper reaches of the Spokane River. 1-8 As one of Washington's larger and faster growing cities, Spokane Valley is required to regularly update its Comprehensive Plan. This document includes the required update while referencing several other City plans and policies to guide growth and development for the next 20 years. This chapter, as an introduction to the updated Comprehensive Plan, contains some background about Spokane Valley's past and present, an overview of the comprehensive planning process and relevant legal frameworks, and a statement of the City's vision for the future. About Spokane Valley A brief history of the Spokane region and Spokane Valley is essential to understanding the demographic and economic trends and community priorities that underpin this planning effort. NATIVE POPULATIONS AND EARLY SETTLEMENT COMMUNITY SNAPSHOT The Spokane Rivervalley has been inhabited for thousands of years.The earliest • Land Area: 38.5mi2 residents of the valley(a geographic expanse roughly stretching from the river's source at Lake Coeur D'Alene to the current location of the City of Spokane) • Population: 94,160 were members of the Spokane,Coeur D'Alene,and Kalispel tribes of the Interior Salish peoples.These tribes harvested, hunted, and fished throughout the area • Total Employment: 50,944 and valued the stock of trout and salmon in local rivers and streams.They also • Key Industries(Employment) traded extensively, which frequently brought them into contact with other > Retail Trade(9,650) tribes from the region, including the Nez Perce and Palouse. Furthermore, the > Health Care/Social Assistance valley's topography allowed the Spokane River to run broad and flat, creating a (8,205) natural corridor for foot traffic and bringing diverse groups together. • Manufacturing(6,848) In 1849, Antoine Plante, a French-Canadian trapper and voyageur, arrived • Median Age: 38.4 and built a cabin at a popular crossing of the Spokane River. By 1851 he had opened an outpost of the Hudson's Bay Company and established a ferry • Educational Attainment service, marking the first permanent non-native settlement of the valley. U.S. > High School or Higher:91.9% Army Captain John Mullan came to know Plante while building a military road > Bachelor's or Higher:20.9% through the region, and documented the quality of the ferry operation. As • Median HH Income: $48,274 additional settlers,including Steven Liberty,William Newman,William Spangle, Joseph Moran, and Addison Dishman, arrived in the decades following Sources:Washington OFM(2016);U.S. Plante's settlement, new homes, businesses, and infrastructure projects were Census ACS(2014);U.S.Census LEND (2014) developed to accommodate the growth. Many of these early inhabitants have given their names to prominent natural features and built landmarks in and around present-day Spokane Valley. 1-9 With the opening of the first transcontinental railroad in 1883, the valley REFERENCES KEY received an influx of new settlers, many of whom were miners looking to capitalize on the discovery of silver in northern Idaho. Immigration and • Refers to other section settlement took on new tones in 1895, when a local water company was 9-114 in plan formed to irrigate the valley with water from nearby lakes. In 1900, when Refers to other Spokane Albert Kelly dug a deep well, he found an underground river that would later SV Valley plans and official become known as the Spokane Valley-Rathdrum Prairie Aquifer. In short order, documents the Modern Electric Water Company and the Vera Electric Power and Water Company formed to pump and distribute this newfound and abundant source Refers to other of water, thereby enabling large-scale agriculture. Apple trees became the Onon Spokane Valley predominant crop and by 1922, there were 1.6 million apple trees growing references for further in the Spokane River valley. These trees were so prominent that the primary reading road between Spokane and Coeur D'Alene became known as Apple Way—a precursor to today's Appleway Boulevard. r--- ah f , .r„ ate. - 4} Frrij An 1860 watercolor by James Madison Alden depicts"Plante's Crossing"on the Spokane River,near For more information on present-day Spokane Valley. OSpokane Valley's history, The early agricultural townships that spring up with the advent of irrigation see: HistoryLink.org and the maturation of agriculture were called Opportunity, Veradale, Trent, Essay No. 10,119. Dishman, Yardley, and Greenacres, among others. These communities retain their unique histories and identities today, with only Millwood choosing to incorporate (in 1927) prior to the larger amalgamation of the communities as the City of Spokane Valley in 2003. 1-10 DECLINING AGRICULTURE, RISING INDUSTRY As apple crops faced increasing competition from Wenatchee and Yakima, the valley began an economic transition. Though the area's orchards were being replanted with other crops or converted to non-agricultural uses as early as 1926, a deep freeze in 1955 sealed the fate of the apple industry in Spokane Valley. Timber harvesting became more prominent as a local industry, and spinoff enterprises like matchstick and paper manufacturing emerged. The rapid growth of the Spokane region continued through the early 20th century, and the expansion of electricity allowed continued economic innovation. When, prior to World War II, the federal government decided to build an aluminum manufacturing facility (the Trentwood Aluminum Rolling Mill) in the valley, widespread industrialization ensued. Government warehousing facilities were constructed as part of an Naval Supply Depot in 1942, anchoring an industrial area that would eventually become the Spokane Business and Industrial Park. Robust growth in the decades following World War II led to concerns about the environmental impacts of new development, especially on water quality in local lakes and the underground aquifer.A waste management plan and sewer system were established by Spokane County in 1983, but concerns about water quality are ever-present and represent a key policy issue to this day. SPOKANE VALLEY TODAY Spokane Valley today reflects its history as a collection of disparate agricultural communities,and the long-lasting drive for annexation between 1963 and 2003 is further evidence of the diversity of opinion surrounding the valley's future. Nevertheless,steady growth continues to push Spokane Valley forward. Between 2003 and 2014, Spokane Valley's population grew by almost 11%. Compared to county and statewide annual growth rates during the same time period, Spokane Valley grew at a slightly slower pace: 0.9%, compared to 1.1% in Spokane County and 1.2%statewide. By 2037, the City is expected to accommodate 14,650 new residents. Spokane Valley's economy is intrinsically tied to the larger regional economy, and despite a major recession that began in 2008,total employment in Spokane County increased by 8,200 jobs between 2005 and 2014(Figure 2). Before the impacts of the recession were realized, the ten-year high was 208,900 jobs in 2007.The Spokane Valley economy,like the County economy,has taken several 1-11 years to recover lost ground and regain momentum. Nevertheless, the local economy has several strong anchors and is poised for further growth. The top three employment sectors in Spokane Valley are retail, health care and social assistance, and manufacturing. In 2014, these three industries together accounted for 48.4%of employment in the City. Demographic and economic trends that are relevant to future policy in Spokane Valley are further explored in the individual plan elements. The Comprehensive Planning Framework Spokane Valley is updating its Comprehensive Plan in accordance with the Growth Management Act (GMA), chapter 36.7OA RCW. The Comprehensive Plan is the City's official statement regarding its vision for future growth and development over the next 20 years. A comprehensive plan is a required document for the largest and fastest-growing cities and counties in Washington State, and these documents must be periodically updated. This 2017 update of the Spokane Valley Comprehensive Plan is the first legislative update since 2006. Figure 2. Total Employment by Industry Sector,Spokane County, 2005 -2014 Source:Community Attributes Inc. (2016) 250,000 200,000 — — •AWRi io urc es •Construd ion 150,000 ■FIRE •Manufacturing 100900 !'BTU ■Retail !Government 50,000 IP Services 0 1-12 There are several important sources of information that form the Comprehensive Plan, including GMA-required elements, linkages to the Countywide Planning Policies for Spokane County (CWPPs), other local plans and policies, input from citizens and other stakeholders, and identified best practices based on established knowledge and recent trends.This section discusses each of these sources to establish a framework for the Comprehensive Plan. THE GROWTH MANAGEMENT ACT The GMA was passed into law in 1990 by the Washington State Legislature. It is intended to prevent uncoordinated and unplanned growth, to maintain sustainable economic development, and to protect highly cherished quality of life. The act requires select cities and counties in Washington to protect critical areas and resource lands, encourage urban growth within designated urban growth areas (UGAs), prepare and regularly update comprehensive plans and implement them through capital improvements and development regulations. Spokane Valley is required to plan under GMA mandates, and this Comprehensive Plan is guided by the statutory goals and requirements of the GMA(WAC 365-196-400). Required and Optional Elements For cities and counties fully planning under GMA, there are a number of required elements,though jurisdictions may include other optional elements at For more information will.The Spokane Valley Comprehensive Plan includes the following elements: on GMA and the legal • Economic Development aspects of planning, Osee: A Short Course • Land Use on Local Planning: Resource Guide"at • Transportation www.connnnerce.wa.gov. • • Capital Facilities • Public and Private Utilities • Parks and Open Space • Natural Environmen (includes by reference shoreline goals and policies from the Shoreline Master Program (SMP) that was previously approved and adopted pursuant to Chapter 90.58 RCW) 1-13 In this Comprehensive Plan,each element is given its own chapter.The chapters are mutually reinforcing, and—individually and in sum—meet the requirements of the G MA. The following section summarizes the requirements of the G MA by element, and more detailed information about GMA requirements is provided in each element chapter. COUNTYWIDE PLANNING POLICIES FOR SPOKANE COUNTY Because the GMAapplies to cities and counties,the act places a strong emphasis on regional coordination.Under the GMA,counties work with cities to produce population projections and to allocate anticipated population growth to local UGAs. One of the fundamental duties of cities under GMA is therefore to demonstrate adequate capacity, under adopted development regulations, to accommodate the growth allocated to their UGAs. Furthermore, counties must adopt countywide planning policies that provide direction to cities on how to address certain regional priorities. The cities, in turn, must ensure that their comprehensive plans are consistent with the applicable countywide planning policies. The CWPPs for Spokane County last updated in 2011, includes a statement of principles that asserts the regional For more information importance of continued citizen participation, preservation of neighborhood on CWPPs for Spokane character, protection of the Spokane Valley-Rathdrum Prairie Aquifer, support j OCounty,see the 2011 for ethnic diversity, differentiation of urban and rural character, sustainable update at economic growth,and the protection of private property rights. www.spokanecounty.org ///////////////////////////////////////////o/� Each element in this Comprehensive Plan discusses the planning context for relevant issues and includes reference to applicable Spokane County CWPP. OTHER PLANS AND POLICIES This Comprehensive Plan update is informed by the findings of the 2015 Housing and Economic and Transportation System existing conditions reports. These findings are interspersed, as appropriate, in their respective elements. Two other plans that were recently completed also function as guiding documents for the City's economic development efforts and Comprehensive Plan update,and are briefly described below. Retail Improvement Strategy In 2015 and 2016, the City commissioned a retail improvement strategy to provide direction for Spokane Valley's efforts to improve local retail options. Key focus areas in the strategy include: maintaining and improving the quality 1-14 of existing retail centers, filling retail vacancies, pursuing differentiation from competing markets, defining the local retail experience, incorporating innovative retail projects in catalytic private developments, and promoting neighborhood-scale retail options that are accessible by walking, biking, and driving. These focus areas are reflected in the goals, policies, and strategies contained in this Comprehensive Plan. Tourism Strategy In 2015 and 2016, the City commissioned a strategic plan to improve existing efforts to drive tourism and support the hospitality industry.Themes from the strategic plan include: participation in regional tourism and event promotion efforts, a focus on outdoor recreation and natural amenities, infrastructure investments that improve the City's "curb appeal", an emphasis on fami- ly-friendly events and amenities,and improved branding and marketing of local programs and destinations. RIGOROUS COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT Retail Improvement and Citizen participation in community planning efforts is a valued part of the Tourism strategies are democratic process, and can include organization and advocacy, political SV located on the service, event attendance, voting, and other practices. The Comprehensive City's website at Plan relies on input from citizens and stakeholders, and after Spokane Valley www.spokanevalley.org. adopted a Public Participation Program, hundreds of people participated in thej , engagement process to provide robust input,and their feedback was essential. The following goals for public and stakeholder participation were identified at the outset: • Enhance the quality of and support for the Comprehensive Plan through meaningful public and agency participation in the preparation of the Plan update. • Balance the interests of our community with the interests of the state and region. • Identify issues early and evaluate options for resolution during the planning process. • Comply with all state laws and regulations related to public participation. Engagement activities included three open house workshops to support visioning, numerous City Council and Planning Commission meetings, a joint City Council/Planning Commission workshop to refine draft goals and policies, 1-15 f a thorough process to evaluate citizen-initiated amendment requests (CARs) hi 1 1 I and a public meeting to present the draft plan. Public involvement is ongoing and the City expects that citizens will remain involved in this update and future • revisions to the Comprehensive Plan. IThe vision activities helped staff understand citizen priorities and develop I themes to guide policy development.Those themes are presented below. Community Character The"Vision Wall"allowed participants to express their vision for Spokane Valley. The citizens and other stakeholders who participated in the visioning workshops felt that community character was important and should be an emphasis of the Comprehensive Plan. Specifically, the feedback from these workshops encouraged the City to focus on the new City Hall and create special ` places,define and improve the identity of the community,expand,maintain,and leverage local trail systems, parks,and other critical amenities. (1,14r w . y. .'1 ., Z'2'ot Economic Opportunity ° Participants reaffirmed the importance of economic opportunity for all Spokane Valley residents, urged the City to support existing commercial and industrial Map based activities gave participants an areas, use public facilities to create economic development opportunities, and opportunity to offer recommendations for specific leverage community assets for broad economic benefit. Participants also felt it places in the city. was important that the City maintain its current policy of fiscal responsibility and tackle concerns over code enforcement. EgiHousing Housing is a key issue for many Spokane Valley residents and participants in the visioning workshops highlighted housing affordability, housing for seniors, and housing diversity as important challenges for the City to address. • Participants also expressed an interest in having close, convenient access to amenities in neighborhoods and the preservation of the character of the City's Stickers were used to track community preferences neighborhoods. on critical issues. transportation Participants affirmed that the Level of Service policy is working for transportation in Spokane Valley, but asked the City to improve multimodal connections and transportation safety, to focus on maintenance of infrastructure and the integration of new technology,to ensure freight mobility and safety,and to invest in the appearance of streetscapes and the character of the community's transportation corridors. 1-16 AGENCY AND JURISDICTION OUTREACH In addition to the public involvement process,the City extensively coordinated with adjacent jurisdictions and key agencies in the development of this Comprehensive Plan update. City staff worked with the City of Spokane, Spokane County, the Town of Millwood, and Liberty Lake on regional land use planning and growth allocations that informed the growth scenarios considered with this Comprehensive Plan Update. Additionally, City staff coordinated with WSDOT and surrounding jurisdictions on potential transportation improvements, transportation level-of-service impacts, and coordination on major regional projects like the North Spokane Corridor project and Barker Road interchange improvements. Toward a Vision for Spokane Valley The City has an adopted statement that represents the community's vision and guides its planning and economic development efforts for the 20-year planning period.That vision was vetted and reaffirmed by citizens and other stakeholders throughout the community engagement process.Through that process,several key themes related to the vision were also identified,which are listed below and incorporated into the goals and policies of the Comprehensive Plan. / A community of opportunity 0 ortunit where individuals and families can grow and play and businesses will flourish and prosper. , 1-17 Return to Table of Contents THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY BLANK. 1-18 e i i i i i i CHAPTER 2 Goals, Policies & Strategies „,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,„,,,,,,,,,,,,,„„„,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,„,„„,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,„„,,,,,,,,, rteturn to Table of Contents Goals and Policies The statutory goals and requirements of the GMA, Ch.36.70A RCW,guide the development of the City's Comprehensive Plan.This chapter presents the City's goals,policies,and strategies that will achieve the GMA goals and requirements and guide the City's efforts in realizing the community's vision. For the purpose of the Comprehensive Plan, goals are broad statements of purpose, policies provide specific direction to City staff,and strategies represent initial, concrete actions to direct implementation.Strategies are not binding components of the Comprehensive Plan, but rather offer opportunities for action and linkages to other plans and policies. Economic Development 2-21 IF frn-A Land Use 2-23 Transportation 2-25 Housing 2-27 MICapital Facilities and Public Services 2-28 d`46 Public and Private Utilities 2-30 Parks and Open Space 2-31 4 Natural Resources 2-32 2-20 Economic Development GOALS ED-G1 Support economic opportunities and employment growth for Spokane Valley. ED-G2 Create and cultivate a City brand that supports economic growth and leverages existing community, economic, and natural assets. ED-G3 Balance economic development with community development priorities and fiscal sustainability. ED-G4 Collaborate with relevant economic development stakeholders, including the business community, to grow a strong and healthy regional economy. ED-G5 Support and encourage the development of a strong workforce that is globally competitive and responds to the changing needs of the workplace. ED-G6 Maintain a positive business climate that strives for flexibility, predictability,and stability. POLICIES ED-P1 Work collaboratively with the private sector to support catalytic development projects that are consistent with the City's vision. STRATEGIES ED-P2 Identify and encourage business and employment growth in new and > Undertake a comprehensive innovative industries and occupations. branding process to create and • market an identity for Spokane ED-P3 Encourage businesses that provide jobs and grow local markets. Valley that sells the City's inherent assets to would-be residents,employers,and ED-P4 Promote key retail, office, and industrial opportunity sites, as j visitors identified in the City's economic development studies and other / planning documents(e.g.Certified Sites). j > Participate in regional tour- / ism-promotion efforts and ED-P5 Promote Spokane Valley as a great place to work, visit, and do1. increase the City's presence in business. j regional events ED-P6 Promote the development or redevelopment of vacant and > Evaluate the return on underutilized properties, particularly those with potential to serve as % investment of potential tourism a catalyst for economic development. anchors and allocate available / funds according to the findings ED-P7 Implement strategies that are intended to create new attractions and events that assert Spokane Valley's presence as a tourist destination. ///////////////////////////////////////////// 2-21 ED-P8 Provide and maintain an infrastructure system that supports STRATEGIES Spokane Valley's economic development priorities. > Consider using GIS and ED-P9 Invest in long-term improvements to make the City a more attractive web-based technologies to tourist destination. assist business development > Intensify targeted retail ED-P10 Enable the creation and retention of home-based businesses that are recruitment efforts consistent with neighborhood character. > Evaluate local interest in ED-PH Leverage federal, state, and regional economic development the creation of a Business resources and programs for City economic development purposes. Improvement District jED-P12 Leverage community assets (e.g. trails, natural amenities, and > Conduct a market analysis facilities)to grow the local economy. and initial business planning fora local farmers'market ED-P13 Implement strategies that are intended to sustain Spokane Valley's %////////////////////////////////////////////// existing high value and high volume tourism segments. ED-P14 Pursue opportunities for creating public-private partnerships that will advance the City's economic development goals. ED-P15 Pursue technology-based solutions that improve assistance to businesses. ED-P16 Support local educational institutions in the development of educational and training programs that meet the needs of businesses. ED-P17 Engage local businesses to understand their needs and to assist in future growth. ED-P18 Provide positive, accessible, and customer-oriented City and public services. 2-22 frrfa Land Use GOALS LU-G1 Maintain and enhance the character and quality of life in Spokane Valley. LU-G2 Provide for land uses that are essential to Spokane Valley residents, employees,and visitors. LU-G3 Support the transformation of commercial, industrial,and mixed-use areas into accessible districts that attract economic activity. LU-G4 Ensure that land use plans, regulations, review processes, and infrastructure improvements support economic growth and vitality. POLICIES LU-P1 Enable neighborhood-scale commercial uses in residential areas. i STRATEGIES LU-P2 Support unique, high-quality,and locally-owned retail in appropriate , Streamline permitting locations. procedures based on feedback from business and landowners, LU-P3 Preserve the public natural features and amenities that make developers,etc. Spokane Valley attractive to residents and business owners. > Evaluate parking standards and LU-P4 Enable the creation of common open spaces in neighborhoods. reduce the amount of required parking if feasible LU-P5 Ensure compatibility between adjacent residential and commercial or industrial uses. > Collaborate with the private sector to ensure the succesful redevelopment of vacant land at LU-P6 Support neighborhood efforts to sustainably cultivate produce. Mirabeau Point LU-P7 Protect residential neighborhoods from incompatible land uses and iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii adverse impacts associated with transportation corridors. LU-P8 Ensure that neighborhoods are served by safe and convenient motorized and non-motorized transportation routes. LU-P9 Provide supportive regulations for new and innovative development types on commercial, industrial,and mixed-use land. LU-P10 Ensure that freight-intensive operations have convenient access to designated truck routes and intermodal terminals. LU-PH Support the remediation of environmentally-contaminated sites to return the land to productive use. 2-23 LU-P12 Maintain a robust supply of productive industrial land. LU-P13 Work collaboratively with landowners and developers that seek to provide mixed-use residential projects. LU-P14 Enable a variety of housing types. LU-P15 Encourage development in commercial and mixed-use zones by reducing parking requirements. LU-P16 Maximize the density of development along major transit corridors and near transit centers and commercial areas. LU-P17 Enable voluntary efforts by local home and business owners to improve energy performance and produce or use sources of renewable energy. LU-P18 Enable public open spaces. LU-P19 Identify and assess opportunities to annex lands within the UGA that will benefit Spokane Valley. 2-24 4 Transportation GOALS T-G1 Ensure that the transportation system and investments in transportation infrastructure are designed to improve quality of life or support economic development priorities. T-G2 Ensure that transportation planning efforts reflect anticipated land use patterns and support identified growth opportunities. T-G3 Strive to reduce the number of serious injury/fatality collisions to zero. T-G4 Provide for safe and efficient freight mobility. T-G5 Maintain and enhance a comprehensive multimodal transportation system that promotes,supports,and improves the safe,efficient,and reliable movement of people,vehicles,and goods. POLICIES , T-P1 Continue to pursue funding for the BNSF mainline separation STRATEGIES projects of Bridging the Valley program to reduce rail/vehicle j > Coordinate transportation collisions, improve emergency access, eliminate vehicle waiting i planning efforts with other times, reduce noise,and improve traffic flow. jurisdictions to ensure that Spokane Valley retailers and T-P2 Consider neighborhood traffic and livability conditions and address neighborhoods are well served potential adverse impacts of public and private projects during the planning, designing, permitting,and construction phases. > Identify and fund key areas for beaufication and coordinate T-P3 Ensure that a robust street preservation program is funded and capital improvement projects implemented. > Work with Spokane Transit Authority(STA)to provide bus T-P4 Support voluntary efforts to beautify local and regional shelters at strategic locations transportation corridors. > Seek opportunities to continue T-P5 Restrict high-speed traffic from residential neighborhoods. to fund grade separations on Pines Road and Barker Road T-P6 Work collaboratively with developers to ensure that areas experiencing new development are well served by motorized and non motorized transportation options. / T-P7 Provide access to sources of current information about transportation options in Spokane Valley and the region. T-P8 Support local, regional, state, and federal transportation safety programs. 2-25 T-P9 Provide and maintain quality street, sidewalk, and shared-use path surfaces that provide a safe environment for all users. T-P10 Develop a citywide trail system that provides improved access and linkages between Spokane Valley's existing trails, neighborhoods, and community amenities. T-P11 Designate appropriate freight corridors to ensure that streets/ intersections are designed to safely accommodate trucks and other modes. T-P12 Provide alternate truck routes to minimize the effects of congestion in major commercial and industrial areas. T-P13 Evaluate opportunities to improve multimodal connectivity in all transportation planning projects. T-P14 Identify and implement opportunities to improve data collection and performance monitoring for transportation in Spokane Valley. T-P15 Encourage all Commute Trip Reduction employers in the City to achieve travel reduction goals. T-P16 Provide a supportive transportation network for expansion of general aviation and freight uses at Felts Field. T-P17 Use transportation demand management techniques and technologies to move people, vehicles, and goods safely and efficiently throughout the City's transportation system. T-P18 Invest in infrastructure beautification,including landscaping,art,and walking paths. T-P19 Coordinate with Spokane Regional Transportation Council (SRTC) and Spokane Regional Clean Air Agency on actions to reduce vehicle air pollution emissions through regular vehicle inspections and to lobby federal agencies for appropriate air pollution standards that balance public health and economic growth. T-P20 Consider evaluating multimodal level of service for citywide planning efforts,particularly focusing on the quality of pedestrian, bicycle,and transit facilities. 2-26 Housing GOALS H-G1 Allow for a broad range of housing opportunities to meet the needs of the community. STRATEGIES H-G2 Enable the development of affordable housing for all income levels. > Identify low-and moderate- income housing needs H-G3 Allow convenient access to daily goods and services in Spokane > Continue to evaluate new Valley's neighborhoods. j housing typologies to meet market needs POLICIES H-P1 Support voluntary efforts by property owners to rehabilitate and preserve buildings of historic value and unique character. H-P2 Adopt development regulations that expand housing choices by allowing innovative housing types including tiny homes, accessory dwelling units, pre-fabricated homes, co-housing, cottage housing, and other housing types. H-P3 Support the development of affordable housing units using available financial and regulatory tools. H-P4 Enable the creation of housing for resident individuals and families needing assistance from social and human service providers. 2-27 Till Capital Facilities GOALS CF-G1 Coordinate with special districts, other jurisdictions, and the private sector to effectively and affordably provide facilities and services. CF-G2 Provide public facilities and services necessary to promote Spokane Valley's economic development goals and community priorities. CF-G3 Ensure efficient and cost-effective public safety and emergency services. CF-G4 Pursue a diverse set of capital funding sources. STRATEGIES POLICIES > Identify needed capital CF-P1 Seek a balance between the quality and cost of providing public facilities improvements facilities and services. that are critical to economic development CF-P2 Optimize the use of existing public facilities before investing in new > Update wayfinding and facilities. signage for the entire City, CF-P3 Coordinate the construction of public infrastructure with private aesthetic or theme basedincorporate a ent development to minimize costs. on the outcome of the City's branding process CF-P4 Require adequate emergency vehicle road access and water supply/ pressure for new development within the City. > Execute a citizen-supported vision for the redevelopment of CF-P5 Coordinate with a fire services provider to disseminate information the area surrounding the new about fire-wise development to p property owners and land City Hall developers. > Improve new and existing CF-P6 Ensure that facilities and services meet minimum Level of Service access points to the Spokane standards. River > Establish criteria for CF-P7 Maintain a comprehensive emergency management plan that meets prioritization of capital the needs of the City and coordinates with regional emergency investments planning efforts. / > Establish a Facilities Condition CF-P8 Coordinate sewer planning with Spokane County. Index(FCI)to provide information for planned CF-P9 Support continued planning for domestic water needs. maintenance with set priorities and cost estimates CF-P10 Require new development to connect to public sewer and water. 777 777 2-28 CF-P11 Identify opportunities to reduce waste and increase recycling in City facilities and at City-sponsored events. CF-P12 Plan and build infrastructure to support the development of high quality retail and commercial projects. CF-P13 Coordinate with school districts in land use planning processes. CF-P14 Coordinate with school districts to use school facilities as community centers and public facilities where appropriate. CF-P15 Evaluate a variety of capital funding sources including,but not limited to, grants, local improvement districts, latecomer agreements, and impact fees to fund projects and programs. CF-P16 Plan and coordinate the location of public facilities and utilities in potential annexation areas. CF-P17 Coordinate with adjacent jurisdictions in developing capital improvement programs. CF-P18 Ensure that adequate library services are available. CF-P19 Collaborate with Spokane County jurisdictions in determining the best locations for public and private essential public facilities. CF-P20 Prioritize public investments necessary to support catalytic economic development and redevelopment projects. CF-P21 Support State legislative and municipal water system efforts to convert irrigation rights to municipal water rights. CF-P22 Reassess the Land Use Element and relevant goals and policies if probable funding falls short of meeting existing needs. 2-29 Return to Table of Contents 6+6 Public and Private Utilities GOALS U-G1 Coordinate with utility providers to balance cost-effectiveness with environmental protection,aesthetic impact, public safety,and public health. STRATEGIES -P .POLICIES Promote the efficient co-location of new utilities. > Extend sewer infrastructure to support industrial U-P2 Promote the development of citywide communication networks development using the most advanced technology available. > Extend water infrastructure U-P3 Promote the undergrounding of utility distribution lines. to support industrial development U-P4 Coordinate with utility service providers to prevent obstructions to regional utility corridors. U-P5 Require the placement of cellular facilities,substations,and antennas in a manner that minimizes adverse impacts on adjacent land uses and utilizes existing structures. U-P6 Coordinate with utility providers to ensure that sizing, locating, and phasing of utility systems are appropriate for planned growth. U-P7 Participate in regular updates of the Inland Northwest Regional Pavement Cut Policy. U-P8 Encourage the construction and maintenance of utility, communications,and technology infrastructure that will help attract business and industry. 2-30 Alk Parks and Open Space GOALS P-G1 Develop, grow, and maintain a diverse and accessible park, recreation, trail, and open space system that enhances community character. P-G2 Recognize and support local artists. POLICIES P-P1 Support performing arts, community events and relevant facilities. STRATEGIES P-P2 Acquire land for the development of parks or the preservation of open space within the City's boundaries and adjacent UGAs. > Leverage the Appleway Trail to improve adjacent business P-P3 Using the Parks and Recreation Master Plan, periodically assess opportunities and create recreational facilities to identify potential gaps and improvements. spillover effects > Seek funding to develop P-P4 Implement innovative strategies for park maintenance, park safety, north-south trail connections and park accessibility to reduce operating costs. between key east-west corridors P-P5 Design parks and community facilities to provide easy access for pedestrians, bicycles,autos,and public transit. > Evaluate the feasibility of constructing a whitewater P-P6 Seek grants, private land donations, and other funding sources for course on the Spokane River land acquisition and recreational facilities development. > Evaluate the feasibility of P-P7 Identify and protect regional open spaces and natural areas to form a developing a public park along / the Spokane River connected network of active and passive recreation areas. > Evaluate the feasibility of an P-P8 Plan for access to parks, trails, and other open spaces in all arts venue in Spokane Valley neighborhoods. > Identify locations to P-P9 Support the inclusion of artwork from local artists in public places. j incorporate public art in new developments or City facilities P-P10 Support the voluntary inclusion of common open space and public art i in new development. P-P11 Partner with public and private entities to encourage, sponsor, and support a range of public activities and special events within appropriate open spaces. P-P12 Identify opportunities to transform land located in neighborhoods into pocket parks. 2-31 4 Natural Resources GOALS NR-G1 Pursue flood hazard reduction while providing predictability for landowners. NR-G2 Protect the Spokane Valley-Rathdrum Prairie sole source aquifer from contamination and maintain high quality groundwater. NR-G3 Ensure that Critical Areas and Shoreline Master Program regulations are based on best available science and are consistent with required environmental policy. NR-G4 Regularly update stormwater management plans for sensitive riparian areas. NR-G5 Enhance riparian and large wooden areas throughout the City on public lands. NR-G6 Review, as appropriate and based on changing circumstances, the need for mineral resource land designation within the urban setting of the City. POLICIES STRATEGIES NR-P1 Model and delineate floodplain/floodway boundaries to correct inaccurate delineations. > Expand the trail network in the former"Walk in the Wild property NR-P2 Prepare and/or regularly update watershed plans for Chester Creek, Zoo" Glenrose Channel, Saltese Creek, Forker Draw, and Central Park / Basin. NR-P3 Prepare an accurate,updated map of areas expected to be inundated by a 100-year flood, particularly in the Spokane River, Forker Draw, and Glenrose Channel areas. NR-P4 Work with state agencies to improve natural resource inventory data within the City. NR-P5 Coordinate with regional collaborators to protect and improve regional water quality. NR-P6 Ensure that emergency response resources are available in the event of a spill. NR-P7 Educate the public about the Spokane Valley-Rathdrum Prairie and Spokane River's susceptibility to contamination. 2-32 NR-P8 Maintain compliance with state underground injection control and the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permit. NR-P9 Ensure that wetlands, fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas, frequently flooded areas, geologically hazardous areas, and critical aquifer recharge areas are identified, designated,and protected. NR-P10 Maintain stormwater plans to include inventory and maintenance of stormwater facilities. NR-P11 The City has determined that a mineral resource land designation is not appropriate at this time, but the City will enable existing mineral extraction and mining operations that are currently in lawful operation within the City. 2-33 Return to Table of Contents Strategies for Implementation The strategies included on the previous pages are compiled here for reference. Legend For each strategy, the implementation matrix provided below also explores • Economic Development the relationship between each strategy and the various elements of the Comprehensive Plan, designates lead staff or organization for implementation • Land Use activities, outlines a time table for completion, and provides a rough sense of • Transportation relative priority.Though the strategies are not mandatory for the City, they are an important window into Spokane Valley's approach to the implementation Housing of the Comprehensive Plan and they merit continued evaluation by City staff. • Capital Facilities • Public & Private Utilities • Parks & Open Spaces • Natural Resources STRATEGY PRIMARY LEAD& RELATED ELEMENT(S) TIMING PRIORITY ELEMENT PARTNERS Undertake a comprehensive branding process to create and market an identity for Spokane Valley • E.D.Division; 2017 HIGH that sells the City's inherent assets to would-be Economic • • Visit Spokane residents,employers,and visitors Development Continue participation in regional tourism-pro- 0 E.D.Division;, i ValleyFest,Visit motion efforts and increase the City's presence in Economic •• • Spokane,Sports Ongoing HIGH regional events Development Commission Evaluate the return on investment of potential • E.D.Division; tourism anchors and allocate available funds Economic Visit Spokane 2018 HIGH according to the findings Development Consider using GIS and web-based technologies • to assist business development Economic • E.D.Division 2018 HIGH Development 0 E.D.Division; Intensify targeted retail recruitment efforts Economic • • • Consultant 2019 MEDIUM Development Evaluate local interest in the creation of a • E.D.Division; 2019 MEDIUM Business Improvement District Economic • • • Spokane County Development 2-34 STRATEGY PRIMARY LEAD& RELATED ELEMENT(S) TIMING PRIORITY ELEMENT PARTNERS E.D.Division; Conduct a market analysis and initial business 0 Spokane 2019 MEDIUM planning for a local farmers'market Economic • Regional Health Development District Streamline permitting procedures based on • Building and feedback from business and landowners, • Dev.Services Ongoing HIGH developers,etc. Land Use Evaluate parking standards and reduce the amount 0 Building and 2017 LOW of required parking if feasible Land Use Dev.Services Collaborate with the private sector to facilitate the 0 0 • • • E.D.Division 2017 HIGH successful redevelopment of Mirabeau Point Land Use Coordinate transportation planning efforts with Public Works; • other jurisdictions to ensure that Spokane Valley • • • • adjacent Ongoing HIGH businesses and neighborhoods are well served Transportation jurisdictions,STA Identify and fund key areas for beautification and • Public Works; • ® • Ongoing HIGH coordinate capital improvement projects Transportation WSDOT Work with STA to provide bus shelters at strategic • Public Works; • • • • 2020 MEDIUM locations Transportation STA Public Works; Seek opportunities to continue to fund grade • Chamber of 2020 HIGH separations on Pines Road and Barker Road Transportation Commerce,GSI E.D.Division; • Identify low-and moderate-income housing needs 0 0 Spokane Housing 2024 LOW Housing Authority ED Division; Continue to evaluate new housing typologies to 0 • • 0 Homebuilders 2024 LOW meet market needs Housing Association Identify needed capital facilities improvements • E.D.Division and 2017 HIGH that are critical to economic development Capital • • Public Works Facilities Update wayfinding and signage for the entire City, and incorporate a consistent aesthetic or theme • E.D.Division; based on the outcome of the City's branding Capital • • • Downtown 2020 LOW process Facilities Partnership Execute a citizen-supported vision for the 0 redevelopment of the area surrounding the new Capital • • • • E.D.Division 2020 MEDIUM City Hall Facilities 2-35 return to Table of Contents STRATEGY PRIMARY LEAD& RELATED ELEMENT(S) TIMING PRIORITY ELEMENT PARTNERS Improve new and existing access points to the • Parks; Spokane River Capital • • • • • Department of 2020 MEDIUM Facilities Ecology Establish criteria for prioritization of capital • investments Capital • • • • • Administration 2022 MEDIUM Facilities Establish a Facilities Condition Index(FCI)to • provide information for planned maintenance with Capital • • • • • Administration 2022 MEDIUM set priorities and cost estimates Facilities Extend sewer infrastructure to support industrial • E.D.Division; 2022 HIGH development Public and • • • • Spokane County Private Utilities Extend water infrastructure to support industrial • E.D.Division; development Public and • • • • Consolidated 2022 HIGH Private Utilities Irrigation District Leverage the Appleway and Centennial Trail to • E.D.Division; improve adjacent business opportunities Parks and Open • • • • adjacent 2018 MEDIUM Space businesses Seek funding to develop north-south trail • Parks;Resource connections between key east west corridors Parks and Open • • • • Conservation 2020 LOW Space Office Evaluate the feasibility of constructing a • E.D.Division; whitewater course on the Spokane River Parks and Open • • • • Department of 2017 HIGH Space Ecology Evaluate the feasibility of developing a public park • along the Spokane River Parks and Open • • • • E.D.Division 2017 MEDIUM Space Evaluate the feasibility of an arts venue in Spokane • Valley Parks and Open • • • E.D.Division 2017 MEDIUM Space Identify locations to incorporate public art in new • developments or City facilities Parks and Open • • • • E.D.Division 2018 LOW Space Parks; Expand the trail network in the former"Walk in • Department 2020 LOW the Wild Zoo"property Natural • • • of Natural Resources Resources 2-36 CHAPTER 3 ** Economic Development Return to Table of Contents Introduction likilit. WHY THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ELEMENT -,1114 IS IMPORTANT Economic development creates living wage jobs, builds valued community amenities, and generates additional municipal revenues that can be used to maintain service levels, infrastructure, and facilities. All other Comprehensive Plan elements play a role in attracting and retaining companies,increasing their productivity, and growing the local and regional economy. In that sense, the Economic Development Element is integrative and depends on effective land use regulations, quality parks and recreation amenities, efficient transportation infrastructure, reliable utilities and infrastructure, affordable housing opportunities, sustainable resource management,and responsible fiscal policy. Put simply,economic development is intertwined in all of the City's services and roles and is reliant on a dynamic and thoughtful approach to land use planning. Proactive and innovative economic development efforts are responsible for attracting, recruiting, and retaining office, industrial, and commercial and residential uses within a city.This element is therefore focused on harnessing market forces to encourage the implementation of Spokane Valley's vision.The Economic Development Element therefore provides a comprehensive overview of Spokane Valley's economy, sets policy direction for economic growth, and identifies strategies, programs,and projects to improve the economy. REFERENCES KEY PLANNING CONTEXT Economic development is one of the fundamental goals under the GMA.As a • Refers to other section whole, the Economic Development Element attempts to merge the efforts of X-XX in plan the public and private sectors—the public sector has the ability to mold and influence development, but it is often the private sector that implements the Refers to other Spokane community vision through private investment. Moreover, the GMA stipulates SV Valley plans and official documents that the Economic Development Element promote economic opportunity for all citizens, particularly individuals who are unemployed or otherwise Refers to other disadvantaged. Lastly, the GMA also prescribes a balance between economic Onon-Spokane Valley growth and the efficient use of land and natural resources, which means references for further that economic development efforts must be based in sustainable planning reading paradigms. / The Countywide Planning Policies (CW PP)for Spokane County build upon the statewide economic development goals by calling for additional cooperation 3-38 between regional stakeholders, including adjoining eastern Washington and northern Idaho counties. Engagement with the widespread community fosters economic development in central business areas,and facilitates collaboration in planning for housing and regional transportation facilities. In the 2006 Comprehensive Plan, the City acknowledged that the local economy is largely dependent on retail and service sectors.That iteration of the Comprehensive Plan focused on the diversification of the City's economy and increasing economic stability. Continued efforts are needed to achieve these goals and to create positive externalities in housing, transportation, and other related areas. Current Conditions Spokane Valley has a diverse economy with a robust retail sector.Understanding this economy is essential to identifying challenges and opportunities for economic development in the City. SPOKANE VALLEY'S ECONOMIC DRIVERS Spokane Valley's share of jobs by sector is comparable to Spokane County as a whole (Figure 3). Both the City and the County economies are dominated by services,accounting for 54%and 56%of jobs in Spokane County and Spokane Valley in 2014, respectively.The City and the County also had similar shares of jobs in the wholesale trade, transportation, utilities, and construction sectors. Compared to Spokane County overall, Spokane Valley had a notably larger share of retail jobs in 2014-15%versus 20%in the City. Looking at the County as a whole, which provides important context for local data, the number of jobs in Spokane County remained steady despite some minor fluctuations between 2005 and 2014(Figure 4). The difference between the nine-year high and low-2008 and 2010, respectively—was approximately 13,000 jobs. In 2014,the County had a total of 205,700 jobs. In addition to minimal fluctuation in the number of jobs in the County, the mix of employment also remained relatively constant between 2005 and 2014. During the nine years represented in the data, the number of service jobs increased by more than 9,700 and government jobs increased by 1,400. In contrast, Countywide manufacturing and construction jobs decreased by 2,000 and 1,700, respectively. Focusing on Spokane Valley, the top three employment sectors in the City were retail, health care and social assistance, 3-39 return to Table of Contents Figure 3. Share of Jobs by Sector, Spokane Valley and Spokane County, 2014 Source:Bureau of Labor Statistics QCEW(2014) 100% 7?F; 90% 809 8% ■.tag Res aurces 70% �.. 20% ■FIRE 60% ■Pvhanu tacturing 50% Construction 40 30% •RetatlTrade 20% Mir ■Serv+ces 10% 0 Spokane County Spokane Valley Note:Above employment is delineated by 2-digit NAICS,where'FIRE'represents Finance,Insurance, and Real Estate activities and'WTU'represents Wholesale Trade,Transportation,and Utilities activities.The'Services'sector encapsulates 13 different 2-digit NAICS that include service industries related to transportation,warehousing,and utilities as well as professional,educational,and health care services,among others. Figure 4. Total Employment by Industry Sector, Spokane County, 2005-2014 Source:Bureau of Labor Statistics QCEW(2014) Jobs ?00,000 — I I I •i ltgf Resources Construction 150,000 •FIRE •Manufacturing 100,00t7 1111111 ■WTU 0I :: rnent Services 0 ra F.) 1,4 0.J IQ NI nx r+ an to , co ,o O w 3-40 and manufacturing. In 2014, these three industries together accounted for 48.4% of employment in the City. Employment gains and losses are excellent regional economic indicator and provide a sense of the region's economic trajectory.Unemployment in the U.S. Census-defined Spokane-Spokane Valley metropolitan statistical area (MSA) mirrored many regions of the state over the last decade, with a dramatic loss of jobs starting in 2008 and a steady, if not consistent, recovery beginning around 2011 (Figure 5).At the peak of the recession, 27,300 individuals were unemployed (in 2010), accounting for an unemployment rate of 10.4%. In 2015,the unemployment rate was comparable to the 2004 rate-6.6%in 2015 compared to 6.8%in 2004. Spokane Valley has a major retail presence in the region, which includes a diverse range of establishments. In terms of the number of establishments within the City, the largest percentage (19%) of retail offerings in Spokane Valley are food service and drinking places (Figure 6). Miscellaneous store retailers (representing a broad mix of typically smaller-footprint retailers) and motor vehicle and parts dealers also accounted for sizable portions of Spokane Valley's retail mix-13%and 12%, respectively. Another valuable economic indicator is taxable retail sales, which is not only a good measure of a City's retail environment, but also benefits municipal revenues. Motor Vehicles and Parts is the largest retail spending category in Spokane Valley measured by retail sales per capita (Figure 7). General Merchandise stores are also a major spending category within the City, representing purchases made at national-brand and big-box retailers like Target and Fred Meyer. These two categories combined represent two-thirds of all retail sales in Spokane Valley. For comparison, General Merchandise stores also generate significant taxable retail sales in the City of Spokane. However, the largest spending category in the City of Spokane is Food Services and Drinking Places, thus illustrating a stark difference in terms of retail offerings between the two cities. REAL ESTATE MARKET CONSIDERATIONS Between 2007 and 2016, commercial square footage in Spokane Valley increased by roughly 700,000 square feet (Figure 8). Industrial square footage has increased nominally, with development in retail and office-zoned space driving the commercial growth in the City. 3-41 Figure 5. Average Unemployment by Year,Spokane-Spokane Valley MSA, 2005-2014 Source:Washington State Employment Security Department(2015) Jobs 30000 2790 0.11 25710 49.83333 25000 F 23670 0,09 210611 20004 17660 01.47 16S60 16440 15140 15000 1416( 4340 0.45 10000 I I I 0.03 5000 0.01 0 -0.01 3,4 ns NJ ns ro r iv r,1. r IQ 2 Total Unemployment —Unemployment Rate Office Historically, office rents in Spokane Valley have been higher compared to Spokane County (Figure 9). In the first quarter of 2016, however, the City's average office rent was slightly lower than in the County—roughly $14 compared to about$16 per square foot. Similarly,the vacancy rate for office buildings in Spokane Valley has been much higher and more volatile than the countywide vacancy rate for office property. Immediately after the 2008-2009 recession, the Spokane Valley office vacancy rate jumped from about 20% to over 32% and remained at that level until the third quarter of 2009. Since then, the office vacancy rate has fluctuated between 17%and 25%. Conversely, the office vacancy rate across the County has generally remained between 10%and 13%. High vacancy indicates there may be an oversupply of office space in Spokane Valley.To address this oversupply,the City's existing areas zoned exclusively for office may be modified to allow a broader range of market-driven uses. 3-42 Figure 6. Retail Establishment Mix,Spokane Valley. 2015 Source:Hoovers(2015) El Food Services&Drinking Places 003'02 0.02 Mise.Store Retailers ® Motor Vehicles Parts and Dealers i El Performing Arts,Spectator SportsS I ilu . 0.14 Related Industries G. 11.Fuad&Beverage Stores Clothing&Clothing Accessories Stares 0.04 •building Material&Gardening OAS Fr;upment Supplies Dealers 0,13 El Sporting Goods,HOW,Book& Q. Musk Stores El Furniture&Home Furnishings Stores 0 •Electronics&Appliance Stores .ACCUrnmodation •Health&Personal Care Stores El Non-store Retailers U General Mercharrd15e Stores l Gas Stations pndu ,tr R(1;; Industrial vacancy in Spokane Valley has been volatile compared to the County overall. (Figure 10). Between 2009 and 2012, the vacancy rate in the City was subject to considerable seasonality—the rate peaked in the first two quarters and dipped in the final two of the year.Additionally, between the latter half of 2012 and the end of the 2015, the industrial vacancy rate in the City dropped from 15% to 5%. In the first quarter of 2016, the rates countywide and in the City were 3%and 5%, respectively. Industrial rents have historically been lower in Spokane Valley compared to the County. Between 2013 and 2015, industrial rents in Spokane Valley and the County remained within$0.50 of each other per square foot.By the first quarter of 2016, the countywide rent was a little over a $1 per square foot higher than in Spokane Valley. While still low compared to the County, industrial rents in Spokane Valley have generally been rising incrementally since 2010, with the exception of a drop in early 2015. Despite indications of demand, with rising rents and dropping vacancy, Spokane Valley has seen little new industrial development since 2008. This may indicate that current new demand is utilizing excess existing space, and that new industrial development may occur if these trends continue. There is 3-43 return to Table of Contents a significant quantity of vacant and underutilized industrial land, concentrated mostly in areas formerly designated exclusively heavy industrial. Vacant land in both industrial designations accounts for 46.4% of Spokane County's total commercial and industrial capacity, climbing to 68.2% when including underutilized industrial land. By updating industrial designations to be more flexible, the City can be more competitive in attracting new businesses that may have previously been limited in finding space appropriate for their needs. Figure 7. Retail Sales per Capita by Retail Type, Spokane Valley, Spokane, and Washington State, 2014 (2014$) Source:WA Department of Revenue(2014) Retail Type54,2u4 Motor Vehldeand Parts $3,134 Omer al Merchandise Clothing and Clothing $94° Accessarh s - t.porting Goods,Hobby,Book -X141 afdMLISIf Building Materia I and Garden $1+ Equipment ■Sp:Eca le Vale)/ $246 CasolloeStatIons Spdcane MisttllaneouaFulaler $ ' Washington on tate Nunstore Reta iters CICd.tionits arid AppIianto i FpQ d 5enrk.n;asj I}i i nk ins i,5&4 Places Furnltore and Harne 94 furnishings IM $323 Acoam modation $4( 71 kind and Boyerast'Ston Perform IngArfs,Spectator 1 $73 Sl7art5 $172 Ileakh PC.swwICars 69. Taxable Retail Sales Per Capita 3-44 Retail Spokane Valley features several major retail centers along Sprague Avenue and 1-90, including the Spokane Valley Mall, with additional retail space spread throughout the City along arterial streets. Although the City is home to a number of larger format retailers and major national brands are well represented, the most prevalent type of retail in terms of locations and space are smaller scale restaurants, bars and other miscellaneous retailers. Almost half of Spokane Valley's food service establishments are considered fast food restaurants. Figure 8. Commercial Square Footage by Type,Spokane Valley, 2007-2016 Source:CoStar Group(2016) Square Feet Millions ■Office •Ir7du$tria! lwRetail 12 10 1111111111 92 9.4 9.+ 9.5 9.5 9.6 9.7 9.7 .# 0 b 4 2 7007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2(}12 2013 2024 2014 lou Between 2007 and the first quarter of 2016, the rent associated with retail space was lower in Spokane Valley than it was in Spokane County as a whole (Figure 11).At its lowest, in the first quarter of 2007,the retail rent in Spokane Valley was roughly $2.50 per square foot cheaper than in Spokane County overall. From 2007-2011, retail vacancy rates in Spokane Valley were higher than the County overall. However, after spiking at 11% in 2012, vacancy has dropped to 6%, below the countywide vacancy rate. Retail rents in Spokane Valley have also been climbing since 2013, and while they remain slightly lower than the countywide rate, the countywide rate has been relatively flat. These two points in tandem indicate a demand for more retail space within Spokane Valley. Despite this demand, there are areas where retail space is underdeveloped or in poor condition. 3-45 Figure 9. Office Rents and Vacancy Rates, Spokane Valley and Spokane County, 2007-2016 Source:CoStar Group(2016) Rent per Rate Vacancy $25 Countywide Rent 0A c Valley Rent Countywide Vacancy Rate 0,35 Spukane Valley Vacancy Rate 0.3 $15 0,25 0.2 $10 0,1.5 al �5 0,05 0 2007 200S 20O9 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 The retail sector in Spokane Valley employed more than 9,600 individuals— almost 19% of total employment—in 2014, making it the largest industry by employment in the City (though not all of these employees are Spokane Valley residents). Spokane Valley's retail is spread throughout the City's major travel corridors where larger clusters are anchored by big-box retailers, such as Target, Costco, Fred Meyer, and Home Depot as well as the Spokane Valley Mall (Figure 12). Previous trade capture analyses (which measures the ability of local retailers to capture local spending power) indicate that Spokane Valley's retail establishments draw shoppers from throughout the region and demand for retail space is strong. At the same time, the local retail market is dominated by centers anchored by big-box tenants and retail sales have been relatively slow to recover from the recession. The community also desires more small scale, neighborhood retail establishments, which may struggle to compete with existing national chains. Generating "more rooftops" through increased residential density near commercial areas can help support neighborhood retail by increasing local demand. 3-46 and Vacancy Rates,Spokane Valley Spokane County, 2007 2 16The Capital Facilities Source:CoStar Group(2016) Element identifies • specific improvements Rent per Rate Vacancy 7-132 jslated for industrial areas. $5 0,2 $4 0.15 $3 Cnuntywideitent 0,1 $2 countywide Va rancy Rate Spokane Valley Vacancy Rate $1 0.05 $(l 0 200`1 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Tourism Spokane County has a significant tourism industry and tourism represents a major component of the regional economy. For example,direct visitor spending in Spokane County in 2015 was $947 million, generating $322 million in earnings, 10,040 employees, $23 million in local taxes, and $41 million in state taxes. Although many well-publicized tourism amenities and events are associated with the neighboring City of Spokane, the Spokane Valley's ability to attract visitors and outside spending is an important component of the local economy. In Spokane Valley, employment in sectors related to tourism and visitation accounted for a larger share of overall employment than in the City of Spokane or Spokane County-31%compared to 23%and 26%, respectively(Figure 13). - Overall employment in tourism-related sectors is much less in Spokane Valley , • .:s � - than in Spokane and Spokane County. However,the share of total employment �# , F is much greater. In Spokane Valley, this is due to a thriving retail trade sector, I � ' 411 , representing more than 18% of total employment in the City; the food and = - — drinking services sector also represents a larger portion of overall employment allein Spokane Valley than in Spokane or Spokane County. The Spokane 1 the Mall is a major retail destination for the region. 3-47 Return to Table of Contents Figure 11. Retail Rents and Vacancy Rates,Spokane Valley and Spokane County, 2007-2016 Source:CoStar Group(2016) Rent per Rate Vacancy $14 0.12 $12 0.1 $10 gdliqllkmmgim 0.08 0.06 $6 Ccuntywldn Rant 0.04 $4 Slst k3ne'Valle•s,Rent Countywide Vacancy Rate $2 Spokana Val lay Vacancy Rata 0.02 SO 0 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 20121 2015 Spokane Valley's environment and natural resources are some of the most valuable tourism assets the City has to offer. Critical recreation amenities include the Spokane River, mountain bike parks at Camp Sekani, hiking trails in Dishman Hills,the Appleway and Centennial Trails, Mirabeau Park,and more distant features such as Mt.Spokane and Lake Coeur D'Alene.These recreation amenities draw numerous visitors each year, and provide a distinctive identity for Spokane Valley destinations. The Spokane River/Centennial Trail corridor provides a major recreational opportunity for regional visitors, and the new Appleway Trail extensions present opportunities to link recreational amenities with businesses along East Sprague, the City Hall site, the Heritage Museum, and other community resources. Additionally, there is a significant amount of meeting space at CenterPlace, which is utilized for conferences and major gatherings. Many amenities and facilities lack connections, a notable example being the lack of lodging facilities within a walkable distance of CenterPlace or the Spokane County Fairgrounds. Spokane Valley's restaurants and retail offerings are essential amenities for visitors.Visitors seeking convenience or a more curated experience turn to the clustering of retail and services around other tourist draws. The geographic distribution of these amenities can provide insight into successful existing concentrations as well as areas that may be in need of amenities for tourists and residents alike. Many of these amenities are represented on the map in Figure 14. 3-48 Figure 12. Map of Retail Land Use Concentrations& Trade Areas, Spokane Valley, 2016 Source:Spokane County Assessor(2015);Community Attributes Inc.(2016 ',foe_ . .) ri, ____i_ ______ ..-. .„____ .....z /„. ./..... 1. t ,, , ,, —' Fele#FkM l' �" r�rponr.e�luggm., ~- .Ski :stn valie Gil do,,g Center o .. i ii :.., r 3 # -r. -- "'" , '.I -f- "gym + E.R1♦Sk nAw k y `\ s —kY.0mar S..p-ereer-aor, Mott Lift s kala Errr are leve __ - .-r a r r_ - - _„..'.---'-`,7 i imp.; _._____ ..,., . , . e. 1 - ..-.,. W t. E op a Ave _ �+':. Red Ph6Ybr— — 4Tf7eE _.. nvesly - At. C.`-'k -red Melee Gocar welmarif , ShCRvin9 Canrvr le .dmra I.I Hasa Depot/Lowe'> C [2n PPM fid r Q`cx:F:liv vallry } _ 50c3k.iati:.ValleyUrfaalt+Gr .hNea{Ll{;n� _yl Picks lRr'cernti &O $rwr r s, +F Rot uses f 4 , .....1 . =tand:Restauran is ={neral Mcrehurgii c J IL -Al altar 4 - I=,lira -Act&ncelaLim Cl la d Arc rair .lar Tenani% may',. Q l $ 3 2 3MGn 0 The Spokane Valley Mall is a major retail draw for the region, and has a wide capture area that draws visitors to the community. The East Sprague Avenue corridor offers a significant number of retail options, including a notable number of locally-owned businesses.The restaurants located near the highway, particularly on North Sullivan Road, focus on limited service options that are co-located with an array of lodging options. 3-49 Figure 13. Tourism-Related Employment,Spokane Region, 2014 Source:WA Employment Security Department(2015) Employment 250,000Affl ', 26% ' All Other Employment Tourism-Belated Employment 20500 00.000 i 23% _ 161,8200 /7/ //://// 150 ,000 100,00: 7:7/ /i///////0 31905 50.0,0[) W/7/ - — 21,980 37,680 43,920 1.5,120 Spokane Valley Spokane Spokane county Jurisdiction Approach to the Economic Development Element CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES Developing and Disseminating a Brand Many stakeholders have suggested that the City lacks a cohesive, marketable identity for economic development purposes. A branding process is currently underway, but this creates both the challenge and the opportunity to disseminate this brand, incorporating it into City marketing and promotional materials and building regional traction. 3-50 Figure 14. Map of CommunityAssets and Tourism Opportunities Source:Community Attributes Inc. (2016) r. re :91 . 4011111.9. Spekane Business - 1~ E ;yrs &Industrial Park i - a i,`—_ Ce++le*R lac e it t �t I 1 E M1N1w aue "• C Mnwa.twe 11 1 r Laws).Ulm Smarr* €f.vS`dwvKJvr 4 �- I _5polnneValky br ' C .5`" * E:"°aare+:sra —E 3o- •c ' ..."F Iurrr Val 14 rage rcaur --. - _". ; it _ 4 ' Mr ' _7 ,0_.. asz v51 0•? 1....., r � .. Lemlirene 111e. 4: r - . _ FE lear,r+�'k .,�.._ ., ,.,.___..., , - +r r c , /... 5 Zr , 1,27, .w is Spokair*Vail eyAssets&Opportunities i . � i.• _E rVIUn.Clpal Fiour+d?CIS# 1E3E31.},��. e Q$pckineVallcy' t 3- 25pokasieV.NlerUrban Growth Area'UCti r — —Eal:1wr$Shar lkbcPath ••-•.•PYY1r*i5ed'}lare+tl Use Path - .. .. I. . r% } P±ira7eSCMoly34J Mi Sixtist V.NlorRe[3ilColl Zr 400/;It ()VV.1V39et3lLatelecl} / ,m $ 91 1 2 3 hYes 0 l Leveraging Interstate 90 Access Spokane Valley has strategic access to Interstate 90, as well as proximate air and container freight and rail terminals. Furthermore, the City has an ample supply of industrial and commercial land, some of which is located within a 325,000 square foot Foreign Trade Zone in the Spokane Industrial Park on SR 290. Spokane Valley has an opportunity to continue to leverage these assets when recruiting businesses to the City and should compete strongly for regional industrial development. 3-51 COMMUNITYAND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT PRIORITIES Expanding Tourism Offerings Detailed market data indicate that there is an opportunity to improve capture of Spokane Valley's existing high-volume and high-value tourist segments while expanding to reach new customer bases. This requires investment in local amenities and the development of new attractions. Ongoing strategic planning for tourism in Spokane Valley can complement this update of the Comprehensive Plan and provide suggestions for targeted investments with high return-on-investment for the City and its residents. Capitalizing on Outdoor Recreation The prevalence of outdoor recreation options should be an economic advantage for the City, in addition to a quality of life feature. The area's vast hiking, biking, climbing,fishing,and skiing options should drive overnight stays in the City, and strategic investments in recreation infrastructure, as well as marketing of local assets, can bolster economic development efforts. Improving the Retail Cluster Retail is a leading sector for Spokane Valley, but many residents feel that the City lacks smaller, neighborhood-oriented and locally-owned retail and dining options. Updates to the development regulations will provide retailers with additional flexibility, but the City can increase its efforts to grow and attract new and unique retail options that differentiate Spokane Valley from other cities in the area. Supporting Commercial Growth The City of Spokane Valley serves as a major regional employment center and should continue to do so.There is opportunity to capture regional growth and to encourage development of high quality industrial, flex, and office space to attract new companies looking for more affordable and strategically located space to grow and expand in. The City should focus on positioning itself as a cost effective alternative in the region and identify areas where office and commercial development can complement each other and take advantage of the City's unique suite of amenities. 3-52 BEST PRACTICES Engaging Partners and Stakeholders Spokane Valley's economic development priorities rely, in part, on regional events and attractions. Beyond these attractions, though, attempts to work with local and regional economic development partners and other stakeholders, including the local business community, may be a force-multiplier for the City's economic development efforts. 3-53 THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY BLANK. 3-54 CHAPTER frrrit - - - - - Land Use rteturn to Table of Contents Introduction WA WHY THE LAND USE ELEMENT IS IMPORTANT Land use regulations determine what can be built,at what density,and in which location. In considering Spokane Valley's anticipated growth over the next 20 years, the Land Use Element provides a framework to accommodate future development while enhancing the community's quality of life. In many ways, the assumptions in the Land Use Element form the basis for growth-related planning found in the other elements of the Comprehensive Plan. PLANNING CONTEXT The GMA establishes the Land Use Element as the required foundation to the Comprehensive Plan. This chapter includes a map that designates the proposed general distribution, general location, and extent of various uses of land.Additionally, it identifies population densities and building intensities for new land use designations,and is designed to accommodate estimates of future population growth. More specifically, the GMA requires cities to regulate the location and intensity of land uses, and to establish a framework that can accommodate 20 years of anticipated growth within a specified urban growth area. Specific regulations are included in the Spokane Valley Municipal Code (SVMC)that implement the Land Use Element. The City's previous Comprehensive Plan focused on encouraging more REFERENCES KEY compact, diverse forms of commercial and residential development. This goal signaled a transition from a purely suburban, auto-oriented development ® Refers to other section X-XX in plan pattern to one that fosters more diverse, mixed-use neighborhoods. At the same time, this goal has not been fully realized; an economic recession and Refers to other Spokane continued market support for single family housing has slowed the transition. CI Valley plans and official However, community members reaffirmed a desire for more compact and documents convenient residential and commercial centers, where diverse amenities are located nearby. To continue moving toward this vision and to meet the goals Refers to other of the GMA, this Comprehensive Plan streamlines zoning and development O non-Spokane Valley regulations to allow greater flexibility in commercial and mixed-use zones and references for further readin gmaximize responsiveness to the local market. / 4-56 Current Conditions Modern Spokane Valley, which was incorporated in 2003, began as a diffused collection of agricultural communities. Residential areas were characterized by large lots,and commercial areas cropped up along highways and major arterials that connected residents to other towns throughout the Spokane River valley and, later, up and down the Interstate 90 corridor. This original rural development pattern persists today,with single family homes and auto-oriented commercial uses predominating.Though development patterns in the City are changing,future land use patterns evolve from this historic point of departure. Typically, individual development projects financed and built by private landowners and developers compose the large majority of urban areas, but those development projects are constrained by the land use and zoning regulations adopted by public entities. These regulations balance the need to protect the health,safety,and public welfare of residents with the constitutional duty to maintain individual liberties. Broadly, adopted regulations respond to demographic, economic, and market trends to align Spokane Valley's land use framework with current and anticipated conditions. CONTINUED POPULATION GROWTH Development in the Spokane River valley predates Spokane itself, beginning thousands of years ago with people of the Interior Salish tribe. In the 19th century, several fur trading settlements also grew along the Spokane River. After the area was irrigated in the early 20th century,Spokane Valley's orchards thrived,and the population grew,creating townships like Opportunity,Veradale, Greenacres, and Dishman. Several of Spokane Valley's current neighborhoods take their names from these early communities. In years when agricultural production waned, local farmers began to sell land for housing development. When population growth rapidly accelerated following World War II, the majority of Spokane Valley's remaining orchards were replaced with housing and low-intensity commercial development. This decentralized suburban growth pattern continued through incorporation in 2003. Today,the City offers a mix of residential and commercial uses,including office, retail, and industrial properties. Commercial uses are located primarily along major arterials, particularly Sprague Avenue, Argonne Road, Mullan Road, Sullivan Road, and Pines Road. The residential neighborhoods between these 4-57 Figure 15. Current Land Use by corridors consist largely of single family dwellings.At the same time, the City Acreage,Spokane Valley is poised to become more urban, with a growing stock of multifamily housing. Source:Spokane County Assessor,2015 Single family residential is still the City's dominant land use, encompassing 100% 49.7% of its area. Almost 15% of the City's land is characterized as vacant. Figure 15 provides a breakdown of land use by acreage for major land use • categories. 80% Spokane Valley has experienced steady, but modest population growth since its incorporation, growing at a rate of about 1% per year.The City's estimated 60% 18 2016 population was 94,160 according to the Washington State Office of Financial Management (OFM), making Spokane Valley the ninth-largest city in Washington. 40% Under the GMA, Spokane County makes a projection of the total countywide population and employment in 2037, and allocates anticipated population 49.7% 20% growth to its incorporated cities.The cities,in turn,must then adopt regulations that can accommodate this allocated growth.The County's current population allocation assumptions anticipate Spokane Valley's modest growth pattern 0% to continue, resulting in a 2037 population of 109,913 in Spokane Valley. Exempt/Utilities Growth may occur steadily over time or in concentrated bursts;annexation,for •Multi-family • Industrial example, often accelerates overall growth. ▪VacantLand ■General Commercial DEVELOPMENT TRENDS ■ Single Family Residential As noted earlier, private businesses and residents are typically responsible for the financing and construction of the development projects that execute the City's land use vision. Therefore, there are several market-based factors that affect the way a city grows. As Spokane Valley sees renewed interest in development opportunities after the Great Recession, these factors become increasingly important in understanding how land use regulations affect development opportunities. Generally, new real estate products have infiltrated many cities in the United States over the last several years.These products,which are less challenging to Economic Development finance and build now than they have previously been, require that regulations Element contains• offer flexibility to developers that hope to create innovative projects. The 3-41 additional real estate data. following sections describe some of these innovations for each major use category, though additional real estate data is located in the Economic Development Element. The changes described below may or may not be clearly visible in Spokane Valley, but many are also consistent with the themes espoused by City residents during the stakeholder engagement process. 4-58 Residential Many Spokane Valley residents have expressed a desire to maintain a stock of large-lot single family homes,and adopted zoning and development regulations ensure that this typology will continue to be available within the City. However, the largest shift in housing over the last decade has been renewed interest in multifamily development. This shift is a response to demand for apartments from young and old alike. Often, younger people value the flexibility of rental agreements (compared to the long-term commitment of a mortgage); older individuals increasingly seek to downsize to minimize property maintenance requirements. Both populations have developed a well-documented preference for living in close proximity to amenities like arts and entertainment,restaurants, parks and open spaces, public transportation, and even employment centers. This requires higher-density housing in centrally-located areas. Multifamily housing doesn't meet the needs of every consumer, however. For individuals and families that require the space of a single family home but still want some of the neighborhood amenities mentioned above, new housing products offer a compromise. Specifically, traditional neighborhood or new urbanist development styles have increased in popularity. These styles are characterized by well-connected streets that are safe for pedestrians, cyclists, and vehicles, varied housing types at moderate densities and robust public spaces.In Spokane County, Kendall Yards offers the most prominent example of this type of development,though Spokane's Perry District also illustrates some of these concepts. To improve access to amenities and affordability for residents, detached single family products like cottages and tiny homes are also on the rise. These small units typically offer a private space that shares a yard and are designed to increase densities in existing single family neighborhoods while blending in with the architectural scale and character of the neighborhood. These increased densities, in turn, improve the feasibility of small-scale, neighborhood-serving retail projects like coffee shops and corner stores. til Retail uses are also changing in response to some of the trends described above. As consumers increasingly prefer to live close to certain amenities, retailers are rewarded for embracing more urban models. This trend is visible across all retail scales, from the corner store to the regional mall. In fact, many shopping malls across the country have undergone extensive remodeling efforts to create a network of internal, pedestrian-oriented streets and to add 4-59 housing opportunities. The Spokane Valley Mall is still a retail anchor for the region and is very effective in its current form, but anecdotal evidence from malls in other cities suggests that, over time, some of the City's retailers may look to find spaces that are more easily accessible to consumers. Land use and zoning regulations must offer the flexibility to accommodate this range of retail development styles. Office development is increasingly shaped by two conflicting trends: many employees want to work in lively, connected areas that offer nearby food and entertainment,while others are using advances in telecommunications to work outside of and away from their offices.The market has responded by building offices in concentrated mixed-use hubs, where workers can meet social and professional goals, but also by developing new typologies, like co-working spaces,that provide a place for telecommuting workers to gather and share the use of conference facilities, printers, and other expensive equipment. Again, providing flexibility in the land use code will allow landowners and developers to respond to these emerging market demands. Industrial For many reasons, industrial uses still remain less integrated into the fabric of surrounding neighborhoods. However, many modern industrial uses no longer resemble the smokestack-adorned factories typical of 20th century industry, and industrial employees also have many of the same desires as their office-bound peers. One way that new industrial development has responded to these changes is through the development of self-contained industrial campuses. These campuses offer a well-maintained and landscaped environment that rewards workers and attracts prospective tenants; noxious and unsightly economic activities are well-screened, and workers are provided with some retail amenities so that they don't need to leave the campus to meet their daily needs. More discreetly, existing industrial areas have also begun accommodating non-industrial uses that are compatible with industrial operations. For example, breweries require on-site production, but often have a tasting room that offers retail sales; small, independent furniture manufacturers may choose to sell directly to customers out of a workshop or warehouse;a garment manufacturer may consolidate repair, distribution, and retail in one facility. Though these changes are already occurring in an ad-hoc manner, it is becoming increasingly important to address mixed-industrial districts in land use regulations. 4-60 FUTURE LAND USE PATTERNS In light of stakeholder input and these macroeconomic trends, as well as GMA requirements, the City is revising its land use regulations to implement the community's vision, increase flexibility for landowners and developers, and respond to market opportunities.These changes are discussed in detail in the following section. Changing Designations, Increasing Flexibility Spokane Valley desires a safe, clean,and vital community,and its residents also value fiscal responsibility, economic growth, and flexibility for the business community.These preferences very clearly inform the changes to the land use code that are advanced in this Comprehensive Plan. Nevertheless, changes must first and foremost accomplish the mandates of the GMA,which relies on the concept of channeling expected growth into existing urban areas. The revised land use regulations therefore provide a physical framework for the City's goals of expanding housing choices and enhancing neighborhood character while minimizing barriers to development and meeting GMA goals and requirements. Some previous designations have been merged, and additional land uses have been allowed in new areas of the City. The Comprehensive Plan is required to include a future land use map,which depicts these land use patterns(Figure 16). Calculating Land Capacity To meet GMA requirements, Spokane Valley must demonstrate that there is sufficient capacity within its UGA to accommodate future development. To assess the City's theoretical development capacity, a Land Capacity Analysis (LCA) has been completed. The table in Figure 18 details the results of the LCA, providing calculations of buildable land, dwelling unit capacity, and population capacity for each of the zoning designations that will change with this Comprehensive Plan update. Spokane Valley has estimated capacity for 21,852 residents and 9,784 homes, giving it sufficient capacity to meet its 2037 growth target of 14,650 additional residents. The LCA is performed by first identifying developable parcels - vacant, partially-used, and underutilized. Next, parcels which cannot be developed due to physical, environmental, or social reasons are removed.After applying a safety factor, the capacity is estimated, and is shown in "Net Developable Acres"in Figure 18. However, out of total development capacity, partially-used 4-61 Return to Table of Contents and underutilized parcels may be more expensive or otherwise less feasible to develop than vacant land.A significant portion of Spokane Valley's current capacity is in underutilized and partially-used land. Spokane Valley currently has 4,349 acres of commercial and industrial land capacity,with the greatest concentration in its Industrial designation.There is a higher portion of vacant land across these designations compared to residential designations. Figure 16. Future Land Use Map Source:City of Spokane Valley(2016) Of J .-- , a T.l _= - NWJ I' -E _ "" j i V j.VOir iv (AF �I6artK a ,. a• _ Lake i -- w a a x, __ __ q' F. ,, „,, .. , IM-TM �- ', �■ Amor`_. —3_1 I�It1#1 �' —1111 /,1 I 7/, I i ua 4 P 164.__11._ ) 1 - 177A Larid Liao \\42 OA% 1 Q marc rge I az kw_ifWiley Urban dreveharca{L AI .: Lind use =EMI, 6xrmr M.Ed L} I InO.aaral j -INiJ,k'. It1atM[ami Lhe ' 107 _ MI MF.HEM Pmly Iteschrrllal ... m.1 -NC Pdeeitta4 Fad Carrireoual PQ5 R.wlg.RetwalK"Ope1r5p.kr . RSC Ike�p+=LY_G7rrtlr.'.i71 / SX• F rt~a r / D 0,8 1 2 ZM0 a dr—dLi I rIl The designations depicted in the Future Land Use Map are also described in detail in Figure 17. 4-62 Figure 17. Future Land Use Designation Descriptions, Spokane Valley DESIGNATION DESCRIPTION Single Family Residential(SFR)addresses a range of single family residential densities.This designation would be Single Family Residential (SFR) implemented through a series of zoning districts that would allow a range of minimum lot sizes. Multifamily Residential(MFR)allows for multifamily development.Generally,this designation is located near Multifamily Residential (MFR) business and commercial centers,the arterial street system, and public transit.The implementing zone would protect the single family designation through transitional standards. Neighborhood Commercial(NC)designates areas for Neighborhood Commercial small-scale neighborhoods serving retail and office uses. Neighborhood business areas should not be larger than two (NC) acres in size,and should be located as business clusters rather than arterial strip commercial developments. Regional Commercial(RC)allows a large range of uses.A wide range of development types,appearance,ages,function,and scale. It covers the"strip"retail areas along Sprague Avenue which includes the automobile dealerships located along the Regional Commercial western end of the Sprague Avenue corridor and the"big box"retail area found in the Sullivan Road area from Sprague Avenue north to the Interstate 90 interchange,and includes the Spokane Valley Mall and Wal-Mart. Corridor Mixed-Use(CMU)allows for light manufacturing, retail,multifamily,and offices along major transportation Corridor Mixed-Use(CMU) corridors.CMU recognizes the historical low-intensity, auto-dependent development pattern.It is primarily used along Sprague Avenue,and the north-south arterials. Mixed-Use(MU)would allow for two or more different land uses within developments under this designation.Mixed-use developments can be either vertical or horizontally mixed,and Mixed Use(MU) would include employment uses such as office,retail,and/or lodging along with higher density residential uses,and in some cases community or cultural facilities. Industrial Mixed-Use(IMU)allows for light manufacturing, Industrial Mixed-Use(IMU) retail,offices,and lighter industrial types of uses such as contractor yards. Industrial(I)would allow all types of industrial development like manufacturing,processing,fabrication,assembly, disassembly,and freight-handling.Those industrial uses that Industrial (I) may have significant noise,odor,or aesthetic impacts,are subject to buffering and transitional provisions. Non-industrial uses should be limited to preserve industrial land viability but ancillary uses should be permitted to serve the industrial uses. Parks, Recreation,and Open Parks,Recreation,and Open Space(POS)is intended to provide area for parks,open space,and other natural physical Space(POS) assets of the community 4-63 Return to Table of Contents Figure 18. Residential Land Capacity, Spokane Valley Source:City of Spokane Valley(2016) NET POTENTIAL POTENTIAL ZONING DEVELOPABLE NEW DWELLING POPULATION ACRES UNITS INCREASE Corridor Mixed-Use 1,073 502 753 Industrial 3,456 1 3 Multifamily 717 3,062 6,124 Mixed Use 169 575 863 Single Family 6,891 5,643 14,109 Total 13,199 9,784 21,852 Managing Land Use Compatibility Streamlining the land use regulations will,at times,allow different development types to locate in close proximity to each other. The City recognizes that without proper planning, this could create the potential for incompatibility between adjacent parcels. To manage this challenge and facilitate integration, the City is advancing a series of transitional standards that require development to respond to nearby properties. For example, an apartment building that is built near single family homes may be required to meet additional regulatory standards. The specific transitional provisions are included in the revisions to the SVMC. These standards will ensure that Spokane Valley's neighborhoods and commercial corridors continue to demonstrate quality and character. Approach to the Land Use Element CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES There are a number of challenges and opportunities that have shaped goals and policies for land use in Spokane Valley. These provide some reasonable limits as to what the market can be expected to provide moving forward, as well as some opportunities to improve performance. Encouraging Neighborhood-Scale Commercial Development Spokane Valley currently lacks small scale, walkable neighborhood commercial areas,and the community has expressed a strong desire to encourage this type of development, but it faces significant barriers. 4-64 First, Spokane Valley's commercial areas are dominated by national "big box" chains which draw regional shoppers. Small, independent retailers may not be able to compete with these larger retailers, and will depend upon local shoppers, often on foot or on bike, instead of the regional shoppers driving in to the national chains. This requires a greater density of households in the immediate proximity of small retail areas,and Spokane Valley's residential areas near commercial corridors do not yet have this density. In addition to making sure there are sufficient people living near retail areas, the streetscape can provide enjoyable places for people to walk and gather. With wide street widths and large parking areas oriented on the street side, Spokane Valley's commercial areas are often not pedestrian friendly. Planning for neighborhood retail should work in concert with planning for open space, pedestrian, and bicycle improvements. The City's 2016 Retail Improvement Strategy (RIS) provides a number of aspirational strategies for expanding the types of retail provided in Spokane Valley. While the City is not obligated to implement the recommendations of the RIS, it offers opportunities to encourage economic development that are consistent with the Comprehensive Plan. Attracting New Development In New Areas In several areas of the City, parcels are underdeveloped and redevelopment has been slow to occur, particularly along Sprague Avenue. Sprague Avenue is part of the Sprague/Appleway Urban Transportation Corridor as identified by the SRTC. Urban Transportation Corridors are corridors suitable for multimodal travel and can accommodate higher-density mixed use development. SRTC encourages jurisdictions to plan for land use growth along these corridors. Increasing the development intensity along the Sprague Avenue corridor is a key feature of the City's land use strategy. In certain industrial areas there is a good supply of vacant land, but very little new development. In all of these cases, there are certain economic realities preventing new development at this time. By allowing greater flexibility in its zoning,and allowing more mixed-use development along commercial corridors, the City is laying the groundwork to unlock the potential of these underper- forming neighborhoods. 4-65 Creating Catalytic Development The development of a new City Hall for Spokane Valley represents an opportunity to generate additional private development. Development regulations must allow for the appropriate mix of uses and the intensities that would create unique and diverse place surrounding City Hall. City Hall development would also further the goal to increase development activity on the Sprague Urban Transportation Corridor by providing a strong public investment in the corridor. Furthermore,the City has other large developable sites that offer opportunities to advance the City's vision and spur economic development. Land use regulations should provide the flexibility needed to find partners to lead private development that is consistent with the City's vision, particularly on these large,strategically-located sites. COMMUNITYAND ECONOMIC PRIORITIES Supporting Economic Vitality and Diversity • Support neighborhood retail. The market trend indicating demand for more retail space is mirrored by the community's desire for an increased number of neighborhood amenities. Spokane Valley residents reported significant demand for walkable retail options within the community, both to enhance the quality of life and develop distinctive neighborhood identities. The Transportation • Support a mix of land uses. Spokane Valley's industrial areas are an Element includes important economic resource for the City, and should be supported. At specific recommenda- the same time, land uses should be flexible to allow for changes in market • tions for multimodal demand and innovative development approaches. 5-77 planning,which Maintaining Strong Quality of Life reinforces land use planning for physical • Enhance local identity. The community has expressed a desire to develop activity. more unique neighborhood character.This includes encouraging the types of development that support small, independent businesses, including The Parks and Open mixed uses and greater density of housing in certain areas.At the same time, Space Element the quality of the City's single family neighborhoods must be preserved. • focuses on improved 9-148 recreation opportunities • Celebrate valued public spaces and facilities. The Centennial Trail, which for Spokane Valley runs through the City, is a treasured local amenity. Improving access to residents. and amenities on the trail and other public facilities will help strengthen a sense of community, along with encouraging physical activity. New open spaces are welcomed,and create a more beautiful city.The Spokane River, and other natural features,are important to the community. 4-66 BEST PRACTICES % Water-related issues Protecting Natural Resources are explored in greater Land use patterns must not exhaust the capacity of local resources.Specifically, 10.56 detail in the Natural water-related resources and air quality are explicitly tied to land use patterns Resources Element and the behaviors they engender. i Promoting Health and Wellness Promoting physical activity is important and land use patterns affect the extent to which people choose to walk or bike for transportation and leisure.The Land Use Element increases mixed-use designations and residential designations, thereby bringing people into closer proximity to their destinations and giving them better opportunities to walk and bike in Spokane Valley. Creating Public Space Public spaces are important community amenities and allow residents to create meaningful social connections.The City has an opportunity to improve existing public spaces and create new spaces with the ongoing redevelopment of public properties and through revisions to the development regulations. 4-67 Return to Table of Contents THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY BLANK. 4-68 CHAPTER 5 , 6lato Transportation rteturn to Table of Contents Introduction 61t5 WHY THE TRANSPORTATION ELEMENT IS IMPORTANT Spokane Valley's diverse mix of land uses requires a robust and well-planned transportation network so that people can travel efficiently for work,shopping, medical, recreational, and other uses. This chapter summarizes the existing state of the transportation system and identifies future challenges related to continued demographic and economic growth. This analysis is a required component of the Transportation Element of the Comprehensive Plan and identifies how the transportation network and the surrounding land uses influence the way people travel and how convenient that travel is for local residents,workers, and visitors. Based on this analysis and an extensive public outreach component, challenges and opportunities for the transportation network are identified that will be addressed as part of the ongoing Comprehensive Plan update. PLANNING CONTEXT The Transportation Element is shaped by several important state and regional laws and policies,as described below: • The GMA identifies transportation as one of the required elements of a Comprehensive Plan. The GMA encourages efficient multimodal transportation systems that are consistent with the land use assumptions in the Comprehensive Plan,identify level of service standards,forecast future REFERENCES KEY transportation growth, identify new projects, and coordinate with other • Refers to other section Comprehensive Plan elements to identify a feasible financing strategy. X-XX in plan • CWPP are defined by Spokane County, SRTC, and local jurisdictions. Refers to other Spokane Related to transportation, the CWPP require that jurisdiction plans be SV Valley plans and official consistent with each other, and include roadway, pedestrian, bicycle, rail, documents and air facilities. Additionally, the Transportation Element shall identify a transportation concurrency standard to ensure growth and transportation Refers to other investments are synchronized. O non-Spokane Valley references for further • SRTC Congestion Management Program (CMP) identifies several corridors reading of regional importance in Spokane County, including the Interstate 90, Argonne/Mullan, and Sullivan Road corridors in Spokane Valley.The CMP defines a set of strategies to address and manage congestion on these major 5-70 corridors. The CMP is intended to encourage economic vitality, maximize the use of existing infrastructure, improve travel choices and access for all residents,and improve safety. • Horizon 2040 is the Metropolitan Transportation Plan developed by SRTC. Horizon 2040 is a long-term, multimodal "blueprint" for transportation aimed at meeting the mobility needs of the area through 2040. It is based on projections for growth in population, housing,and jobs and considers all modes of transportation, such as private vehicles, public transit, bicycling, walking,freight movement, rail,and air travel. As this Transportation Element was prepared, close attention was paid to these overarching laws and policies to ensure that Spokane Valley's transportation system and vision are integrated and coordinated with the regional transportation network. Current Conditions TRAVEL PATTERNS IN SPOKANE VALLEY AND THE REGION Since incorporation in 2003, the City has witnessed significant growth in population and employment. With more people living and working in the City, there are also more people traveling to and from Spokane Valley on a daily basis. On face, these general trends emphasize the importance of investing in transportation infrastructure and transportation demand management (TDM) strategies, but understanding how people currently travel to and through the City is also important to establish planning frameworks that respond efficiently to future transportation challenges. One of these frameworks relates to the arrangement of uses throughout the City, and is represented in the City's land use map. For example, clusters of commercial land uses are likely to generate higher traffic volumes during peak morning and evening travel times, while retailers may attract additional trips on weekends, when many workers use their discretionary time for shopping, dining, and entertainment. Residential uses, at the other end of the spectrum, may prefer to be located away from major transportation corridors, or may have infrastructure needs that scale with residential densities. In this way, there is a dynamic relationship between land use patterns and transportation networks, with each affecting the development of the other. Other planning frameworks detailed in the elements of the Comprehensive Plan (e.g. capital 5-71 facilities planning, economic development strategies) also espouse a similarly dynamic relationship with transportation. Based on current land use patterns, population densities in Spokane Valley tend to be higher south of Interstate 90 and between Argonne Road and Sullivan Road. However, some areas north of Interstate 90 and east of Sullivan Road have areas with dense housing as well. In some cases, these areas are part of larger Census tracts that include parcels of undeveloped land, leading to lower population density area-wide. Employment-generating uses in Spokane Valley are generally concentrated at major Interstate 90 interchanges, in the Spokane Business and Industrial Park and industrial areas south of Felts Field, and in and around the Spokane Valley Mall.The jobs in areas north of Interstate 90 tend to be more industrial in nature while south of Interstate 90 office and retail jobs are more prevalent. The map in Figure 19 illustrates the relationship between residential and commercial land use patterns. The map in Figure 19 provides some context for how land use patterns affect travel patterns in Spokane Valley, and it implies that transportation challenges may be alleviated when there are opportunities to live and work in transit-ac- cessible or other concentrated mixed-use clusters. However, many residents live outside Spokane Valley but commute to jobs within the City and vice versa. For these residents and workers who need to make regular trips into and out of Spokane Valley, the locations that they travel to and from are important context for decision makers as they prioritize improvements to transportation infrastructure. The maps in Figures 20 and 21 represent data from the U.S. Census Bureau's Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics dataset, and illustrate the number of all Spokane Valley residents that commute to jobs in other places, as well as all Spokane Valley workers who live in other places. In 2014, approximately 38,800 people commuted into Spokane Valley for work, approximately 22,800 City residents commuted out of the City for work, and about 13,800 residents stay in the City for work. Where clear transportation corridors emerge for these commuting workers, effective transportation planning is particularly important. This travel pattern highlights the need for network development, as the freeway system alone cannot accommodate this demand in the future. Travel demand strategies will also be an important aspect in dealing with increasing traffic. To understand how well current transportation infrastructure responds to these land use patterns, this element will explore and assess the various components of Spokane Valley's transportation network. 5-72 Figure 19. Map of Employment Density vs. Housing Density, Spokane Valley, 2015 Sources:WA OFM(2015);WA ESD(2015);Community Attributes Inc. (2016) ® �' !•r•- dr - . ° •. , .1 1.1 11,1 1111 rte"_ x -, ,�.a, z.1ill' '11 *i .4.7 Fats FleIdi �.. Lill kanadr 1 tls`' . _ rEm . ; ruFFLLr MP IL ,_. r— L. - ,i '' 99.E n-..�-ems•.'.._.4 - _ 1' i `i.Ll s T I klr :#a;�.F = a, a—," i'=� •. r 110 �r • HouuIing&Employment Dram.'t 1 �c � 71 i k =5pekate Valley, 7 w y' e4 _ C Wiry tr'eflin 1armth M(;s OKA ' ' : • • • 141- . • 4 - i •.,'• �I haeks"k feseee4�6Dp�++S1 a �� '''.1'.....—:'.. _ , •:-... ,• •• • • '' Hous ng�4roe .,., • F t�4Fglrun+f , w +. ,aft — , • il • 1ive-Pu-UM = 'F*;,.".w;,1"• •I'_,! \.Y • �. i7mrestJ 4 S' .f• ° , + ti f Malik Harrv,•Park r �p�-,��r• 11' F. �r,"or. s • f: • OClserPei:denLiYd Y` { k _ l 4 _ ,•3E • ,t EmPlo'1'InentDeRSieY , • x . . Lem - • f a*1.a 0 OS' :r+ 2 9+ +dirvh or SPOKANE VALLEY'S TRANSPORTATION NETWORK A transportation network includes infrastructure to support several modes of transportation, including motor vehicles like cars, motorcycles, and buses, as well as bicycles and walking. For the network to function efficiently, investments must be targeted to ensure that residents and workers have multiple transportation options that offer affordable and effective ways to get around the area. 5-73 Return to Table of Contents Figure 20. Journey to Work: Where Spokane Valley Employees Live, 2014 Sources:U.S. Census Bureau(2014);Community Attributes Inc. (2016) { 1r♦ Employees'Place of Residence \ i ' t.0 N��!, - ¢- V1.,, , ! • a g. +, �. .� ,, :t ' r f ,J i • rte— o •]veraI ' mut ! r r r 5. R rh&um 1.unidpalBavn�aries ' f 11=tr::dm•m m 1.. ,r ylL rm 1.=;+:-.1 C:0.7s Scm m 1 40 - eI LT.Orn �; J1J i ile;: : --. a * . .'oeefall% • 1! .IllG, r� .,14fA�!'a *�+" } .f. - + rvl-, ,� ,..� ai -° it .111 Air force Base � ) t i .i' 3 - _ *�' i# ,eve 0 -- I o,-, ♦ 0 - s .) } F�eklfal ; . 44 f 7- r7yf }i • _ # JJ) t •� f I raiE- 'Yrr.,...::.1 t irk f r} 4'{ ,r 1. .--->r"------ i . V -- I to, i„ 5)1h1& \... 'S 715 vs ..,41 ;15" ' The U.S. Census Bureau tracks how Spokane Valley residents travel to work—a statistic known as mode share.As shown in Figure 22,80.4%of Spokane Valley residents drove to work alone (SOV), while an additional 10.7% carpooled (HOV, 3.1% of Spokane Valley workers rode public transit to work. Of the remaining 5.8% of workers who reside in Spokane Valley, most worked from home while others walked, biked, took taxis, rode motorcycles, or used other means. 5-74 Figure 21. Journey to Work: Where Spokane Valley Residents Go to Work, 2014 Sources:U.S. Census Bureau(2014);CommunityAttributes Inc. (2016) ` - 1F F J r. , : Re siden is-PI?crt of Work 1 l' . Mum 11µsI,„I+Jellts ' ,r `�5.''}� 1=1:1f�' s Li, "i ::.i-1 L f j.W - , , + shy J - / l p,Fµ1 I t" • . , , / 0 4111 / I I, 0 !arm ...„ a I � H f r5 ;. I ��.#* } I, Pisycrin ,... R • Post rails , kms-.' •SNc nne +-- k_ a * -• =,r i;'� =" +-,r :41,*-.14-..,,..I__,..."ftk, 1-r .1"- .4 griVe kaitti- 'I .011 ilwrt,22117 -'.1.!.1%.:IL , AirWayns* '..,- 'i e311"171.4 7 ' r .a a▪ �Yr ,,r$` fly —yl 'I Fairchild * * .# %•{. �r�7 gi+�. ► " i. orf { `1 ,.. lio Alf rafce Base ew:•a I:I,1a,�.s .. 'i I I 5 041.."'' t. 7., „tt.,_._ . k . 17' cheXg. e) 1y V.- '.."' qr.., �1▪Ar 1.40id ®Lai t Y 19 lrt f... .4,1111,<Pr _.,... 27:: f � 4F�F,-+'y' . �11 *fk.1 '{� �1' �.�-�4�� �1'I {'I��Ij�..y'111..91 11 „....._,--'-e--.---11;1 i„ -. ' --%.. i \ ,_, S • rialce. I S 1{} sJ'4 Mde stir Functional Classification Of Roadways Streets function as a network.The efficiency of a street network is dependent upon how the streets are able to complement each other to serve different trip types.A gridded network typically provides improved connectivity for all forms of transportation by reducing the distance necessary to travel and providing alternative routes. 5-75 Return to Table of Contents Streets are described by a functional classification, which is a system of categories for streets and highways based on the character of service they are intended to provide.A proper balance of road classifications is necessary to effectively serve a mix of land uses and modes of travel. Spokane Valley currently classifies its roadways into principal arterials, minor arterials,collector arterials, and local streets. Descriptions and examples of these classifications are located in Figure 23. Figure 22. Spokane Valley Transportation Mode Share Source:U.S.Census Bureau(2014) 1,1% 0.4% ii 10.75 i.4% •SOV • HOV Other •Transit • Walk Bike In general, the roadway network in central and south Spokane Valley is composed of gridded streets, a reflection of the urban form typical during Spokane Valley's early development. Outside the major commercial corridors, the network is primarily connected via principal and minor arterials, with large gaps between streets and many unconnected residential cul-de-sacs and loop roads. This layout of large blocks creates a less friendly environment for walking, bicycling, and public transit since it can greatly increase the distance between a home and a destination or transit stop. The map in Figure 24 depicts Spokane Valley's roadways by classification, as well as other critical transportation infrastructure. 5-76 Figure 23. Functional Classification of Roadways ROADWAYTYPE DESCRIPTION/ PURPOSE EXAMPLE Interstate/ Highway Provide high speed,free flow travel between regional destinations. • Interstate 90 • E.Trent Ave. Principal Arterial A roadway that serves through trips and connects Spokane Valley with the rest of the area. • Pines Rd./SR 27 • E.Sprague Ave. Minor arterial streets provide inter-neighborhood connections,transit access,and serve • E.Broadway Ave. Minor Arterial both local and through trips.Can accommodate pedestrian and bicycle travel if there are • S.Evergreen Rd. sidewalks and bike lanes/paths. • E.16th Ave. • Vista Rd. Collectors distribute trips between local streets and arterials.Can be good for pedestrian Collectors Arterial E.4th Ave. and bicycle travel if there are sidewalks and bike lanes/paths. • E.24th Ave. Local streets provide circulation and access within residential neighborhoods.Good for • E.Valleyway Ave. Local Streets bicycle and pedestrian travel. • Long Rd. Pedestrian Facilities Residents and visitors in Spokane Valley walk as part of their daily travel for many reasons. Children attending school, commuters taking the bus or connecting with a carpool to get to work, and senior citizens making midday trips all require safe pedestrian amenities. Sidewalks, crosswalks, curb ramps, and small curb radii are all key features in creating a safe and welcoming environment for people to walk. Furthermore, research suggests that people are more likely to walk to their destinations when those destinations are within a reasonable walking distance and when the trip offers an engaging and aesthetically pleasing, strolling environment. To that end, providing buffers between sidewalks and lanes of traffic, such as landscaping or on-street parking, can also increase safety and comfort for pedestrians, particularly on arterial streets. The images in Figure 25 show some of these features on Spokane Valley streets. 5-77 Figure 24. Spokane Valley's Transportation Network Source:City of Spokane Valley(2016);Community Attributes Inc. (2016) reor / ) .141161 /I iiiiim, r A, 6 . 1- wa•r ' 'Fwiti FieldpliMill M1 _' ; AP ,aniiii ,, ,,d IN Pir- .,.... .././...„..z_ miiiiiu ro _ U64111 II■ 0 i'� � ,,,, - .- ----, 5 a I . ,... f ..„,,,..„.7, Spokane Vaffey Transportation Network r*' Mwastipal F3oundarle5 M aada m Valley '''---; r, ` SaJrf, ETOAT500114i40ntryCraSS ' . .rr 'ar .r..w.r,av •. ' mr•-alcn. Irl -I+ Kray Rik ` I t :I/AO -'edS@CLCf / Ai f. -1 fildrRatAiei .1119 ., 0 'r,01.91S _ r pis il P.5 'I 2 3 r,fr Hip In Sidewalks are present on both sides of most principal and minor arterials in Spokane Valley as well as some collectors. The City has also prioritized providing sidewalks near schools, libraries, transit locations, and trailheads. While quiet residential streets may not require sidewalks for a safe pedestrian environment (with the exception of key routes to schools), some arterials lack sidewalk coverage, such as Mission Avenue, 4th Avenue, and Adams Road. Plans for adding to the sidewalk network generally focus on filling existing gaps on arterials. In addition to sidewalks and crosswalks along streets, Spokane Valley also has paved shared-use paths for pedestrians and bicyclists. The Centennial Trail provides a dedicated east-west connection along a shared-use path. The trail 5-78 Figure 25. Photos of Existing Pedestrian Facilities in Spokane Valley Source:Fehr and Peers(2015) Cur bless Shoulder BeiPed Fath Pedestrian Bulb Out i Raised Sidewalk with Curb - 771141111! NWT _I j W in -4-1r7 is part of a regional connection through Spokane and to the Washington-Ida- ho state border. The new Appleway Trail provides an additional east-west corridor for pedestrians and bicyclists along the former Milwaukee Railroad right-of-way. Spokane Valley is actively working on extending the Appleway Trail, and the City has also identified other opportunities for shared use paths along former and active rail lines. Spokane Valley has a well-developed grid of arterial streets spaced roughly one-half mile apart, which is typical of communities built in the post-World War II era. While this system is efficient for vehicle travel, crossing major streets like Sprague Avenue or Pines Road can be difficult on foot or bike since signalized crosswalks are spread far apart.Additionally, crossings of Interstate 90 and Trent Avenue are limited and are often located at busy interchanges or intersections. These gaps in safe crossing locations isolate parts of Spokane Valley and lead to people driving for short trips that they could typically make on foot or via transit. The map in Figure 26 illustrates a range of pedestrian facilities in Spokane Valley, as well as recommended improvements from the Bike and Pedestrian Master Program, which is the City's adopted long-term bicycle and pedestrian plan. Existing Bicycle Facilities Similar to sidewalks, bicycle facilities are an important element in the transportation network that provide a safe and identifiable bicycling 5-79 environment. Bicyclists in the Spokane Valley can utilize a variety of facilities, including shared-use paths, bike lanes, and bike friendly routes to reach their destination as shown in Figure 27. However, gaps in the network create an environment in which cyclists must navigate through vehicle traffic or difficult arterial crossings to complete their journey, decreasing safety for motorized and non-motorized travelers alike.While the City has trails and bike lanes that form a spine of north-south and east-west connections,some of these facilities are not continuous and require bicyclists to merge in and out of traffic. Figure 27 also shows Spokane Valley's long-term plan for the bicycle network to address the gaps described above. Figure 26. Map of Existing Pedestrian Facilities Sources:City of Spokane Valley(2016);Community Attributes Inc.(2016) rod, &M J 294" 11411— ': iir AI" .,. , . i IIIIIMiall ,. leinimor ///// '+.11,...ad.,_____. -- .,,,.,._ ' ,a, FeM.FPOa 1111.111111•0011 xpow _ ' ItEramES Elligi -'—... . .----- --illL op 00 E""n h.' MP in;11111.IIIIIIIMIIIMki- li 7- MO ,.. ,,. _ i MI1.1 mi IMMPLII /t, M 4 MIEN 7(//d -- markirsoturlit•liesummiv . _,........, , ,,,„.., ..... ,....„ /750_, ..,,, 0.::,,,,, . „, 7. :707„, } ,, ....„ Carmorrplir L 41. .....',PrO i rey 00 4 Spokane Valley Pedestrian Network ! Municipal BoundariesMor Click to open —CIsmi.,eu r interactive magi izo Spolo•.s wil y 4kb/el Gramm rvsa MCA _ jodA°1 MI Parks.ReereAon.d 'Open Soca / Pedestrian Networks ilp iiiiir_Ai.P•Pia,... •Ir i 7 —f a Ist ing Sipi-oyal k 5 / lit i ...1011'., 8 0 1 / —ProPafra SW.I.Allk% ! ___ - 'V 0 .0-1.0 irtw rkileir/ AIM s J,px P V ../J,�C� 5-80 The existing roadway geometry in many parts of Spokane Valley includes wide lanes, on-street parking, and a high number of driveways, which make many bicyclists feel uncomfortable riding in the street. Some corridors, such as Sprague Avenue and Mission Avenue, have striped bike lanes but also high vehicle speeds and volumes. Public Transit Public transit, provided by STA via buses and vans, serves as a key component of the transportation network that connects residents with employment centers, public places, and regional destinations. Many Spokane Valley residents and employees use public transit for trips around and outside of the City. Figure 28 highlights the route and stop coverage of STA in Spokane Valley. Additionally, the map highlights the Pence-Cole Valley and Mirabeau Point transit centers and park-and-ride facilities that provide links to the regional transit system. Figure 27. Map of Existing and Recommended Bicycle Facilities Sources:City of Spokane Valley(2016);Community Attributes Inc.(2016) rio° ////7/./7/7 / '4, 41°.:01 F.- d , I 0.... le . - Fri_ iii I/ ll 11 1;;/100,0,01 . i Foes RPM 1 ' 6 -AWNS JilIllrmim6.'=7miag..IIIIIH''''Ill''Illil '14111 11111.\ -I= iliMpirr ''''' ' / ye?'Eli M=M Mill 0.441111 P 47 it,,....,.. — I..rim _ ----- _- 0014- 11.‘ P pm y/ 3_, $ k ' . edrillir' I 11 7 ExlstEng&Proposed BiYKewavNetwork M1 � `' Municipal Boundaries 4 / '''' -01;7a P7,4+; .,Ire 5ailreLirl-onCrW+Th,bat'a{UG } IP Bikeway Elennenis , —i ;.Bitertxie Click to open — . irdeti rig Shared LkePatIN / interactive map! —Nit EN-nary+ase • —fMAInsP ikeBridge ,• ..Proposea Bike LirV OWN P< 44a Pe 1'l�il¢'Bre ' °I1F 0,05, / ....„,x75Y 1+t(IMFst Pak G raur. 0 9.3 P i 11M1S OA i VIV 5-81 Return to Table of Contents STA operates one frequent bus route between downtown Spokane and Spokane Valley that runs every 15 minutes during weekday peak and day times. This route, number 90, is the second busiest route that STA operates, with nearly 3,300 passengers on an average weekday.STA also has five basic routes serving Spokane Valley and providing connections to Spokane, Millwood, and Liberty Lake. Two express routes provide direct, high-speed connections between downtown Spokane, the Valley Transit Center, and Mirabeau Point Park-and-Ride. These routes serve 7,000 riders per day during the week and cover most of Spokane Valley's major destinations, including the Spokane Valley Mall, the University Shopping Center, the Valley Hospital Medical Center, the Argonne Village Shopping Center,the Spokane Industrial Park, and many area schools. Movement of Freight Freight and goods movement is a vital element of the transportation network. Everyone is directly impacted by how goods are delivered to distribution centers,stores,and homes.Spokane Valley is central to a high volume of freight movement owing to the City's major retail and industrial properties. Trucks move millions of tons of freight via Interstate 90 and Trent Avenue throughout the region and across the state.Several arterials in Spokane Valley also support high levels of freight traffic, including Argonne Road, as well as portions of Sprague Avenue, Appleway Boulevard, Sullivan Road, Fancher Way, and Broadway Avenue. These corridors are all rated at T1 or T2 based on the annual freight tonnage they support. Enough freight travels over many other arterials and some collectors to qualify them as T3 freight corridors. These classifications are based on the following amount of goods: • T-1: More than 10 million tons per year. • T-2: Between 4 to 10 million tons per year. • T-3: Between 300,000 to 4 million tons per year. Spokane Valley has street design standards that support freight movement and are consistent with SRTC's regional freight network.Any proposed changes to access or roadway design along the regional freight network are reviewed to ensure they do not hinder freight movement. The Burlington Northern Santa Fe Railway (BNSF) and Union Pacific Railroad (UP) operate the primary rail lines within the City. Both companies have 5-82 Figure 28. Map of Existing and Recommended Transit Facilities Sources:City of Spokane Valley(2016);Community Attributes Inc.(2016) 1 0 r / „„,./7. ef:j.„,.:', PQM P114111 Ina ` '` rivillso Ell I —. i..-.-, Rd - wwwii- . _ ...1.-- _ , : .. . . . . v imm I' > ti+tihiligY. k Al i ' ' dr— , ,., / 4 le, 4 Spokane Valley PublkTkaparta#loin n� Pli Municipal acuaetrie& brrn.wrdi. 1 f =,Sp altdi..,.,Vale,. .1 ,.., Ctrr�e'muv+4• — Fr,SpokareVakv Urteri CorCMM Ad' A cUrA .. kW ParkkR..:rr3Ii®n&{7p4riSPaCe ' ''{ — High FeiormanceTransitNetwork ,__ N. ,'4.r-Line , —k.occa1MC } —qui.Rp11es • -tis5h.195 ,.: r S J 1 2 30 I Vr£ connections to the Washington-Idaho border while BNSF's route represents the company's main transcontinental line connecting the West Coast to Chicago and the Midwest. These rail lines help form the industrial corridor north of 1-90 that supports many jobs in Spokane Valley, in addition to the UP line that runs north of Sprague and along Dishman-Mica Road south through the City limits. To support freight mobility and improve safety at railroad crossings, the SRTC developed the Bridging the Valley (BTV) project in 2006. The ultimate goal of BTV is to separate vehicle traffic from train traffic in the 42-mile corridor between Spokane, Washington and Athol, Idaho. The separation of railroad and roadway grades in this corridor—which includes 75 railroad/ 5-83 Return to Table of Contents roadway crossings—is intended to promote future economic growth, improve traffic movement, and traffic safety. BTV is integrated into the Horizon 2040 Metropolitan Transportation Plan.While BTV is a long-term, unfunded project, Spokane Valley continues to strongly support the grade separation projects of the BNSF mainline at major roads like Park, Pines,and Barker. Aviation Most air travel in the Spokane Region is handled through the Spokane International Airport, located between Spokane and Airway Heights. Felts Field, a general aviation airport, is located at the north end of Fancher Way at the western edge of Spokane Valley. Felts Field currently handles about 59,000 annual take-offs and landings and is served by a number of charter services. In 2007, the City adopted development regulations to establish an airport overlay zone to protect Felts Field from encroachment from incompatible uses. The airport overlay zone imposed height restrictions, land use restrictions, noise impact restrictions on certain uses, and provided for the continuing presence of lawful non-conforming uses. The Comprehensive Plan does not purport to modify the allowable uses within the airport overlay zone and the City intends to maintain the airport overlay zone protections as part of the updated development regulations that are ancitipated to be adopted in conjunction with this Comprehensive Plan.Accordingly, the City has met GMA requirements related to general aviation airports. Motor Vehicles Most Spokane Valley residents(about 90%) use motor vehicles as their primary mode of transportation to work. Moreover, many non-resident travelers pass through Spokane Valley via Interstate 90 or park at the Pence-Cole Valley Transit Center or Mirabeau Point Park-and-Ride and take public transit into Spokane. The analysis of Spokane Valley's congestion for motorists is based on traffic counts collected in 2014. Each of the major roadways in Spokane Valley was evaluated based on its ability to accommodate P.M. peak hour demand with its existing width and lane configuration. Figure 30 displays average daily traffic counts. The corridors were scored into one of six level of service(LOS)categories based on the volume of traffic they support during the P.M. peak hour compared to typical volume thresholds for urban arterial roadways. Levels from LOS A to LOS F correspond to a range of completely uncongested to highly-congested 5-84 conditions. Figure 29 describes the LOS definitions laid out in Chapter 16 of the Highway Capacity Manual (Transportation Research Board, 2010),which is the methodology applied to Spokane Valley's transportation network. The LOS standards that must be met within the City are as follows: • LOS D for major arterial corridors: > Argonne/Mullan between Trent Avenue and Appleway Boulevard. Additional detail about > Pines Road between Trent Avenue and 8th Avenue. the City's LOS policies, > Evergreen Road between Indiana Avenue and 8th Avenue. as well as its ability to • > Sullivan Road between Wellesley Avenue and 8th Avenue. pay for transportation 7-118 > Sprague Avenue/Appleway Boulevard between Fancher Road and Park Road. improvements, is • LOS D for signalized intersections not on major arterial corridors. located in the Capital Facilities Element. • LOS E for unsignalized intersections (LOS F is acceptable if the peak hour traffic signal warrant is not met). Figure 29. Level of Service Definitions Source:Highway Capacity Manual(2010) LEVEL OF DESCRIPTION SERVICE A Free-flowing conditions. B Stable operating conditions. Stable operating conditions, but individual motorists are C affected by the interaction with other motorists. D High density of motorists, but stable flow. Near-capacity operations, with speeds reduced to a low but E uniform speed. F Over capacity,with long delays. For the arterial corridors, individual intersection LOS results will be monitored, but intersection LOS will not form the basis for evaluating transportation concurrency or SEPA impacts. Rather, the corridor LOS along its entire length will form the basis for evaluating the performance of these congested corridors. The rationale for evaluating corridor LOS is to align with the SRTC CMP and to acknowledge that while some intersections along the corridor 5-85 may operate at LOS E or F conditions, the overall corridor performance will be improved to be LOS D overall. This approach avoids the severe cost and property impacts associated with some intersection improvements,when other more cost-effective approaches could be employed elsewhere on the corridor. The LOS for major arterial corridors should be analyzed using the methodology defined by the SRTC as part of the CMP or similar method approved by Spokane Valley. Figure 30. Average Daily Traffic, Spokane Valley Sources:City of Spokane Valley(2016);Community Attributes Inc. (2016);Fehr and Peers(2016) in II' k2C.M9RITrn.9,19 1756. ".;.///' . Zi" - P '''' / , , , ,Wawa - 0 ___----- r-- R-111- / ' I 1 ; immitum a � f- � y , a_ e : __. .1 At . ,41101111iiiireli, I .: r , mg . IIn mitit&- --ii- i ____._ Lake ® 1.9a racw7A11,:-. 111111NOIVI Lt, 3 , C rrum � ...-.,,- ---0. -.,,-�--_ �i r! •0 ii3O.•, E11,t,.. NIB , 1._. ._ it : 1 ,. 44 Op /� Y Pk 1 } l 'C./e- Most Recant ADT by+Year' I FAF MAnii LBiK lirdarin .ra �gra,�l 4 jdr Q Snaa.1rr Valk E.`r.. ,S,x. 'ValleyUr13cr.l:ro.MhAmu 1ULAI w.. Click to open H,vk c.krrrrakkrta+r�()Pen boons interactive map! Year of Most Recent Count ,...7// 27; F —AA) '! -- -2093 r' i 701.5 - i_. 0 0.5 1 2 3 %r,t I VAT 5-86 A key question that often comes up is why the City's Transportation Element would reduce the LOS standard in some places.The answers aren't simple. While Spokane Valley is committed to mobility for all,there are practical considerations related to cost constraints, right-of-way limitations,and additional multimodal requirements that the City may not be in position to provide. Furthermore,the State's concurrency requirement means that the City must be able to maintain its stated LOS policy in order to allow for development. Setting an LOS standard that is unrealistic for the above reasons puts Spokane Valley in jeopardy of being able to permit development, which would be counter to the economic development goals outlined in this Comprehensive Plan. As highways of statewide significance (HSS), Interstate 90 and the ramp intersections with local streets, have LOS standards set by the Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT). The City's LOS standards do not apply to these State facilities. While the City's LOS standards are based on intersection operations, it is impractical to calculate intersection LOS for the hundreds of intersections around the City. Therefore, as is typical for many Comprehensive Plan Transportation Elements, LOS is summarized at the street-segment level. In general, the intersections along the street segments can be expected to operate at the same LOS as the segment. Spokane Valley's roadways generally operate with moderate congestion on some arterials during the P.M. peak hour. Interstate 90 can be congested during peak hours,and some motorists may choose to take City streets instead of Interstate 90 to avoid congestion.This overflow can lead to congestion on roadways that serve interchanges, such as Argonne Road, Mullan Road, Pines Road (SR 27), Sprague Avenue, Sullivan Road, and Barker Road. Except for these few instances of more severe congestion, most roadways operate within Spokane Valley's LOS standards. Figure 31 shows the existing LOS results for Spokane Valley. These congestion levels around the City are fairly common for suburban arterials during the PM peak hour.The delay will be disruptive fora brief portion of the day, but is also indicative of a well-used roadway network. Principal arterials that operate at LOS A through C during the peak period may be a sign of an overbuilt system, which can be costly for a community to construct and maintain. These large, underutilized streets also can be a deterrent for other modes because of high speeds, perceived safety concerns, and difficulty crossing. 5-87 Figure 31. Existing Level of Service for Spokane Valley Roadways, 2015 Sources:City of Spokane Valley(2016);Community Attributes Inc. (2016);Fehr and Peers(2016) _ _ 1 ver././;/;/0/ egg- , 4 A- b ,":" if i - Aor — , ` Xnox Mans Ii+Llmnb PMS.04 ti T = RI a` r q al /r-,:- 5 y $.IL riL: r 5. _2- i ' - ma ‘111.titi ,_.i, !„1-71,_ D lin l' C — f Spokane.Vally Ltvel of Service P,furocipal eoelniancc �pakxx.V It • 5ya4,_,e Y,Irir Uttar, P Area r1JGfiJ — ..,.--=. F`ari:c.Rlr rr.,F.an,.Oren'Cl.Ke M1UI Existing LOS } ,,,,, �- _ _ . .. 0 D.S 1 2 1 In addition to evaluating current conditions, this Transportation Element forecasts future traffic volumes assuming the development described in the Land Use Element. Figure 32 shows the forecast (year 2040) average daily traffic (ADT) on the streets in Spokane Valley. Overall, traffic volumes are expected to increase as there is additional development both in Spokane Valley and the surrounding communities. Growth in traffic is expected to be particularly pronounced in the southern and eastern sections of the City. In addition to growth in vehicle traffic, there is also expected to be significant growth in pedestrian, bicycle,and transit usage in the future. In fact,due to the planned expansions of the non-auto infrastructure, we anticipate somewhat higher growth rates for non-auto modes compared to auto traffic, which 5-88 Figure 32. Forecast Average Daily Traffic for Spokane Valley Roadways, 2040 Sources:City of Spokane Valley(2016);Community Attributes Inc.(2016);Fehr and Peers(2016) Ltz. 0, /„,,,,,„ s� 1,1 _ 0 ,r///, 7,.. F.: e t' ' r (— 11E- // --// .vp7 -7]30 - -• _ +r}19A 1114} 4710 s. �' n:01:1,"= OM ail' M, FMS Fuld - i -,No.. . I _£ d - _ Flgp� 8rm , f ...,ate`' '�t'vu 0,1p - i3sm3 --...4A10 +`•.{W a. ,!”....,.....:..0.r.L _ 1108 IACIa ai r" vet ' [ n30:1 Ci ,wx1 MAO 7[9 +'-� -"I IP 12100 .- I. EI A 61230 NY E. :editr,- , ">:.- 11 E8^ 4,5 - + as.. HMO 12540 ,..., .2i0c. ewo g MD `v2"54 moo Ii400 UM bd 'MOO iM) 'M:"do aim X678 ?aD4 ,. V90) 7171X1 '.SMC} 7{MG grf.C4 2'71,0 ]Y,7G #GX0 SI WO BMW 71474 7501,} 27000 mak} $5111, }I,x, .no3d .,m L.,..„ .. r 4..054..05,1136 a7o5 1131 � , � 0 3200o4 F� 2j0) rar E moMDAU71�a _ k} ., w B 3 MCC a 7700 10163 6081 1...,r,,1,w,1 xM 31.01:1 ,. ,,gyp, 35m 5800 34loi 1.J , e r 1 OFOC 917 Wu 4Y]0 $n6G mo 4 +il. •Sr13 1,00 ,302 1 2 n a•.," ad00 y! .4 ir- 2.4140Po1iyTraffic Forecast a7F3?/.rs : 2.•J + Muilidpal Boundaries c>a1„w r. s,6,M1 xoa .{.1r2eo f,. w C4-1E.,441, ;-, i c 117, 1 al*01,Z.X Wiley -.Crid PValkxUrbalC.n3wtk.4rraILJ .y 2C>40ADT ; 17.} alto .1 � x.30-6P '*. 6401 14,400 /r —14.001-289E0 T.: . .23.00 i-42_, y i mmd 00I-rS .7 1d mwiiitiliee 0 44 1 a 0 is consistent with the expectations of Horizon 2040, the SRTC's long range transportation and land use vision. Figure 33 shows the 2040 LOS conditions on Spokane Valley's roadways assuming completion of the improvement projects listed in the Environmental Impact Statement prepared for the Comprehensive Plan. As shown, LOS in 2040 conditions is forecast to be similar to today's condition as Spokane Valley is committed to managing traffic congestion in the future. 5-89 return to Table of Contents Figure 33. Forecast Level of Service (LOS) for Spokane Valley Roadways, 2040 Sources:City of Spokane Valley(2016);Community Attributes Inc. (2016);Fehr and Peers(2016) _ .. 041rio," r—1— I I—. , 1.4(;(110 -0ezf,,r,rzzz/-- r--ti re #Fake Mkt 7:i•'.2` ,-•••-•... pp, ..liblity oer apski lir°." 7 killA...........‘ 4- 4..- • Loki lig 1 - 6 ,.„..4.4 I1 kr,__ aro 1 BO ! at—T 11- XI Spokane Valley Level of Service r N.' ': 10319a,1lar€e. .13 { MEI i 4411 t . Ip►a�+ra irS I.Yhsn Crowd'Arra dLJf Al t; - Parka.Rev ea tt n S• pe.'Space T. u_ - 2040 LOS s Cnnrnunity Prosperity with Fptleatinn . Fi Lk:A a / fe iLOIS€ r—i1. 0 CI 1 2 r . .Loss e.i dile 5-90 y = , Approach to the Transportation Element CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES In the spring of 2015, Spokane Valley hosted a series of public meetings to solicit feedback from the public on a variety of topics, including the performance of the transportation system. During this public feedback period, the City collected considerable feedback on what parts of the transportation system is working well, transportation problems/concerns, and what Spokane Valley's transportation future should look like. This feedback, combined with the results of the existing conditions analysis, highlights challenges and opportunities for the transportation system,as listed below. Improving Transit Accessibility STA provides public transit in Spokane Valley. However, transit service is minimal in parts of the City, requiring that people drive to reach their destinations. Several members of the public expressed a desire for more extensive transit coverage. Relieving Traffic Congestion The public identified concerns over traffic congestion in some corridors, including Argonne Road, Pines Road, Sullivan Road, and Barker Road, particularly around the Interstate 90 interchanges. Despite some traffic congestion around freeway interchanges, many residents consider the Spokane Valley's LOS policy to be working well - successfully balancing traffic congestion,access needs,and costs to build and maintain the system. Overall, it is the City's policy to consider strategies such as transportation demand management, access restrictions, design modifications,transit enhancements, and intelligent transportation systems prior to adding new lane capacity to the system, particularly for single-occupancy vehicles. COMMUNITYAND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT PRIORITIES Increasing Bicycle and Pedestrian Connectivity Many residential streets do not have curbs, gutters, or sidewalks. While some streets are low-volume and may not need these features, key access routes to schools,transit stops,and civic buildings could benefit from enhancements. 5-91 Return to Table of Contents Spokane Valley has a strong pedestrian and bicycle plan. The City has been aggressively expanding the trail network by leveraging regional and federal funding. Long blocks and high traffic speeds can make it difficult to cross major streets like Sprague Avenue or Sullivan Road. This makes traveling by transit, walking/biking to stores, or traveling to parks and schools difficult. Supporting Economic Development The City has a robust grid of major streets and can support a considerable amount of additional private development. Good connections to the national freeway and railway network also support economic development opportunities. The City's economic development initiatives requires a transportation network that is efficient and safe and that reflects desired development patterns.There are strong economic development opportunities on Sprague Avenue. This is an Urban Transportation Corridor, as defined by SRTC, and both the City and the Region see Sprague Avenue as an area with higher density development supported by a strong multimodal transportation network that includes high-performance transit, better bicycle/pedestrian connections,and convenient auto access to new infill development. Accommodating Freight Operations The region's position on a major freight rail corridor increases the risk of train collisions and delays caused by at-grade crossings. Continuing to invest in rail infrastructure, especially where train and other freight operations interact directly with other travel modes, is essential. Enhancing Streetscapes Several members of the public identified desired improvements to the City's "streetscape," which includes landscaping, building frontages, medians, etc. Suggestions to improve the streetscape included more street trees, building frontage improvements/more private landscaping, and "gateway" features in medians and public spaces on the side of streets. 5-92 BEST PRACTICES Modernizing Infrastructure Identifying any infrastructure that needs or will need updating or replacement prior to the point at which those investments become critical will allow Spokane Valley to budget accordingly and find funding to avoid infrastructure failures. In an era when many pieces of infrastructure have aged and budgets are constrained, this planning is valuable to the City, its residents,and employees. Maintaining Cost Effectiveness Compared to other cities in the region, residents highlighted the good state of repair with respect to street and bridge maintenance. This results in lower overall costs to reconstruct streets and more opportunities to invest in other City priorities. The City will continue to prioritize street and bridge maintenance and will continue to make informed decisions about budgeting and capital expenditures. Linking Multimodal Systems The effectiveness of a transportation network may be limited by deficiencies in the connections between transportation modes. Identifying and fixing places where there are safety concerns,a lack of facilities, or missing"last mile" connections will ensure that Spokane Valley's network functions cohesively and efficiently for all users. 5-93 Return to Table of Contents THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY BLANK. 5-94 ... CHAPTER 6 ... .. Housing Return to Table of Contents Introduction ... ... WHY THE HOUSING ELEMENT IS IMPORTANT • Housing is an important component of the economic infrastructure of a community because it ensures a balance of land uses and complements employ- ment-generating uses by providing opportunities for workers to live near their jobs. The availability of housing types that match Spokane Valley's job profile and enhance the livability of local neighborhoods is therefore an important competitive advantage for economic development. The Housing Element leverages key data to inform the development of goals and policies, which will set a course toward the City's vision of quality, affordable housing for all Spokane Valley residents. PLANNING CONTEXT The Washington State Growth Management Act (GMA) stipulates that the housing element serves to encourage the availability of affordable housing to residents of all economic backgrounds, promote a variety of residential densities and housing types, and encourage the preservation of existing neighborhoods. Countywide Planning Policies(CWPP) for Spokane County for housing are consistent with these requirements and place additional emphasis on promoting accessibility for residents to commercial and transportation REFERENCES KEY centers. In previous planning efforts, the City acknowledged the abundance of single • Refers to other section jx xx in plan family housing, and focused on expanding housing options for residents while increasing the availability of multifamily housing units centrally located to Refers to other Spokane employment centers and commercial amenities. Additionally, Spokane Valley SV Valley plans and official aimed to increase the prevalence of mixed-use retail and residential throughout documents the City's neighborhoods with the overarching goal of limiting auto-dependen- cy and improving housing affordability. Refers to other Onon-Spokane Valley The Housing Element works in tandem with other elements in this references for further Comprehensive Plan. It includes a data-rich narrative to document existing reading conditions that affect housing availability, cost, and quality. These include jdemographic trends and market conditions. The findings indicate challenges and opportunities for housing in Spokane Valley, and ultimately anchor the 4t.//////////////////////////////,4///////////// goals and policies presented in Chapter 2. 6-96 Current Conditions Spokane Valley has a similar demographic composition as Spokane County overall. The population in the City will continue to grow in size, and it is anticipated that the population will continue to "age"—meaning that the share of the population 65 and older will increase disproportionately compared to other age segments. Both the average household size and the proportion of households with children are decreasing in Spokane Valley. Additionally, the apartment vacancy rate in the City and County are comparably low, and lease rates for apartments are steadily increasing. Taken together, these recent trends indicate that demand for single family dwellings is decreasing in relation to demand for multifamily units.The key data from this section are summarized below. • The majority (60%) of housing units in Spokane Valley are single family dwellings built prior to 2000(Figure 41). • Spokane Valley's housing growth has been modest, but steady since it incorporated in 2003, growing at a rate of about 1% per year. About 6,000 new residences were added to Spokane Valley's total housing stock between 2003 and 2015 (Figure 41). • Spokane Valley's population is aging. Between 2005 and 2014, the proportion of the population over the age of 75 increased by 2%, from 5% to 7%.The City's aging trend parallels that of the County—the share of the population 65 or older totaled 15% in 2014 in both Spokane Valley and Spokane County(Figure 35). • Compared to Spokane County as a whole,the number of households with children is decreasing more rapidly in Spokane Valley. The percentage of the City's households with children decreased by 5.6%—from 35.6% to 30%—between 2005 and 2014, while the proportion of households with children in the County dropped by 1.5% during the same time period (Figure 35). • The median household income in Spokane Valley was over $2,000 less than the average countywide annual earnings. Additionally, almost a third of Spokane Valley's residents earned between $25,000 and $50,000 annually in 2014(Figure 38). 6-97 • Residents in both Spokane Valley and Spokane County are cost-burdened, meaning that their housing costs account for more than one-third of their income. Renters and homeowners are notably cost-burdened, however, there is a much larger proportion of cost-burdened renters than homeowners,51%of renters and 26%of homeowners in both locales spend a third or more of their monthly budget on rent or mortgage payments (Figure 39). • The vacancy rate for apartments in the City is low and rents are increasing. According to an apartment market survey executed by the Runstad Center for Real Estate Studies at the University of Washington, the average rent for apartments of any size in Spokane Valley was$827 per month. Furthermore, the average rent for a one-bedroom, one-bathroom apartment was$812 per month.The overall vacancy rate for apartments in Spokane Valley was notably low-0.8%(Studies, 2016; Figure 43). • The City has historically allowed, and continues to allow, other types of housing to meet community needs, in compliance with state law. These housing options include government-assisted housing, manufactured housing,group homes,and foster care. DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS The demographic makeup of an area informs the market demand for housing size, type, location, and mix. For example, cities with large numbers of households with children will have high demand for single family housing near schools. Similarly, housing demand in locations with higher proportions of single,young adult populations will be skewed towards smaller, multifamily units proximate to employment centers.As the population of an area evolves over time, the housing market must also adjust to match the needs of its residents. The population in Spokane Valley is growing at a slightly slower rate than the countywide population. Spokane Valley experienced almost 11% growth between 2003 and 2014 compared to the County's 13% population increase during the same time period. By 2037, the City is projected to have 14,650 additional residents. Though increasing population is clearly linked to demand for housing, population trends are only briefly summarized in this element,and more detailed data is contained in the Land Use Element. 6-98 Cities,counties,and regions can grow through natural increases(i.e.when births outstrip deaths) and by in-migration. Countywide, births and deaths remained stable between 2005 and 2015 (Figure 34). Therefore, recent fluctuations in population are largely attributable to people moving to and from the County. These "non-natural"fluctuations are referred to as net residual migration, and have been the driving force behind population growth and loss within Spokane County since at least 2005. Figure 34. Population Change by Natural Increase and Net Residual Migration, Spokane County, 2005-2015 Source:Washington State Office of Financial Management(2015) 9.500 Population ■ Net Residual Migration 8.500 (Change) •Natural IncreasetiBirths-Deatlros) 7.500 6.500 5.500 4,500 8 3,500 2.504 1,500111 500 n °° , -5€]0 4fr2 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 An Aging Populatior Overall, Spokane Valley's age segmentation closely resembles that of Spokane County. One notable trend in both the City and the County is that the population is aging. The share of the population 65 or older totaled 15% in 2014 in both Spokane Valley and Spokane County (up from 10% and 12%, respectively, in 2005) (Figure 35). This trend is reflected in younger age segments as well, with the residents 19 or younger dropping from 31% (2005) to 26%(2014) in Spokane Valley. The decreased prevalence of children in Spokane Valley brings the City in line with the larger County,where 25%of the population is 19 or younger.The City, therefore, does not have a significantly larger family presence than the County as a whole. These trends suggest decreasing demand for large, detached single family homes and increased demand for the types of housing that are both desirable and affordable to smaller households, including empty-nesters that may be less inclined to maintain larger properties. Nevertheless, the City will still need to provide excellent facilities, such as schools, for families with children. 6-99 Return to Table of Contents Even with increased demand for smaller and attached housing products, new single family homes will continue to be developed throughout the County. However, data suggests that even as all of Spokane County ages, Spokane Valley's population is aging at a particularly fast rate. Multifamily units and smaller, attached single family housing products may therefore be comparatively attractive investments in Spokane Valley for housing developers that are active in the greater Spokane region. This finding is also supported by the fact that while Spokane Valley's average household size has slightly decreased since 2005,the average household size throughout Spokane County has increased (Figure 36). Figure 35. Distribution of Population by Age Segment, Spokane Valley and Spokane County, 2005 and 2014 Source:Source:US Census Bureau American Community Survey(2005-2014) 100% 5% 6% 90% 596 IS 696 9% 75+ 80% 65-74 21 70% 15% 0-64 60% 13% 15° 12% 40-49 50% 13% 13% . 13% 3D-3? 10% 1596 �, 20.29 30% 5-19 20% 2096 21% 19% Under 5 1096 0 6% 6% 6% 2005 2014 2005 2014 Spokane Valley Spokane County Income and Housing Affordability In 2005, the median household income in Spokane Valley was roughly $4,000 lower than that of Spokane County as a whole (Figure 38). In 2014, that difference narrowed—there was just over a $2,000 difference in median Figure 36. Average Household Size,Spokane Valley and Spokane household income between Spokane Valley and Spokane County. County, 2005-2014 Source:US Census Bureau American Community Median household income has therefore grown at a faster rate in Spokane Survey(2014) Valley than in Spokane County. Despite this trend, median household income AREA 2005 2014 in Spokane Valley is still lower than in Spokane County as a whole by about Spokane Valley 2.47 2.44 $2,200. The share of residents within each income bracket has also remained Spokane County 2.39 2.45 consistent during this time period in Spokane Valley, while in Spokane 6-100 County there has been a marked decrease in the percentage of households making less than $25,000 (from 36%to 25%) and a significant increase in the number of households making $50,000 or more (from 38% to 51%) (Figure 37).This may suggest that residents of the County are experiencing increased upward mobility, or that the County has seen an influx of wealthy residents. This change could also be attributed to the City's older population retiring, and subsequently not growing their annual income. In any case, the fact that increases in median household income in Spokane Valley have not lifted a significant number of households into higher income segments indicates that Spokane Valley's housing must remain affordable to a wider range of income levels. One of the goals of the GMA is to provide Washington residents with affordable housing options. According to federal and state guidelines, a household is considered cost burdened when 30% or more of its gross income is spent on housing(including rent or mortgage and utility costs). Figure 37. Income Distribution of Households,Spokane Valley and Spokane County, 2005-2014 Source:US Census Bureau American Community Survey(2005-2014) 1.00% 14% 1496 11% 90% 18% 0$100,0004- 9 I B°% 12% 12% 136 Figure 38. Median Household 70% 16% , • , Income,Spokane Valley and 21% 2 $100 Spokane County, 2005-2014 50% 26% Source:US Census Bureau American 40% 2 $50400- Community Survey(2014) 28% 25 $75,000 096 $60.000, 4,4 20% 36% *$25,000- 10% 25% 24% 25% $5O.COD $50.000 `'i w i =a 036 2005 2014 2005 2014 w Less than $40.000 Spokane Valfey Spokane County $'1.5(" $30.000. Renters and homeowners in both the City and the County are notably cost- 000 burdened-36% and 35% in 2014, respectively(Figure 39).The percentage of 20' cost-burdened households in Spokane Valley increased by 1% between 2005 $10,000 and 2014,while the proportion in the County rose by 3%during the same time period. This suggests that other locales in Spokane County are disproportion- $0 ately driving the increase, but that affordability challenges persist within the 2005 201 2005 2014 Spokane Spokane City. Valley County 6-101 Return to Table of Contents Figure 39. Cost-Burdened Households by Type, Spokane Valley, 2005-2014 Source:US Census Bureau American Community Survey(2005-2014) 60% 54% 5t% 5 51% 50% 35% 36% 35% 4096 26 269 32% 26 229G •Overall 30% 2096 e Owers 1096 ®Renters 0% 2005 2014 2005 2014 Spokane Valley Spokane County In both the City and the County, there is a much larger proportion of cost-burdened renters than homeowners. In Spokane Valley, however, the share of cost-burdened renters decreased from 54% in 2005 to 51% in 2014 while the percentage of cost-burdened homeowners remained constant. The opposite occurred on the countywide scale—the share of cost-burdened renters increased slightly, from 50% to 51%.The proportion of cost-burdened homeowners countywide also increased by 4%. Given that median household incomes are increasing throughout the County, this indicates that the average home price is increasing in Spokane County at a faster rate than in Spokane Valley. Though renters are disproportionately cost-burdened, data suggest that Spokane Valley and Spokane County residents are increasingly more likely to rent than buy their housing unit. In the City, the share of renter-occupied housing increased from 35% to 40% between 2005 and 2014. This trend is visible countywide (34% to 38%), as well as nationwide (Figure 40). Several demographic and economic factors—not least the Great Recession—have shifted consumer preferences toward renting, particularly in urban areas. 6-102 Figure 40. Owner and Renter-Occupied Housing,Spokane Valley and Spokane County, 2005-2014 Source:US Census Bureau American Community Survey(2005-2014) 100% 90% 80% ■Owner 70% 65 60% 62 Occupied 6 Housing 50% 40% 20% 3596 40 3496 38% Renter 10% Occupied 0% Housing 2005 2014 2005 2014 Spokane Valley Spokane County THE SUPPLY OF HOUSING IN SPOKANE VALLEY While demographic and economic characteristics of Spokane Valley's population provide insight into the demand for housing products in the City and the region, the existing supply of housing in the area is essential to identifying challenges and opportunities facing current and prospective Spokane Valley residents. The City currently contains about 50,700 total dwelling units.Almost 30,000 of those dwellings were built prior to 1980 (Figure 41). Roughly 15%, or 7,845 units, of the total housing stock was built after 2000. Spokane Valley's housing growth has been modest, but steady since it incorporated in 2003, growing at a rate of about 1% per year.Approximately 6,000 new residences were added to Spokane Valley's total housing stock between 2003 and 2015. This is consistent with the aforementioned data illustrating the age of housing units,which reports a limited number of dwellings built after 2000. 6-103 Figure 41. Housing Units by Type and Year Built, _ .. Spokane Valley, 2013 Source:US Census Bureau American Community Survey(2005-2013) T'*�y 20,000 a 114 19,6414 18,000 Mobile Fivrrees ■ +Units • 16,000 i`{ s 13,363 •1 Unit 14,000 Spokane Valley's neighborhoods are 11,916 characterized by a predominance of single family 12,000 homes. 10.000 7,845 8.0'00 - 6,000 4,000 2,000 0 Built Before Built 1960 to (Built 1980to Built 2000 or 1960 1979 1999 later REAL ESTATE CONSIDERATIONS Though the Great Recession negatively impacted the feasibility of real estate development projects throughout the country, financing for new development is once again available and development activity is again increasing. Macroeconomic conditions will always affect local development trends,and are important since private development will drive any new additions to housing stock in Spokane Valley and the region. Multifamily units, in particular, were difficult to finance in many market areas, and the graph in Figure 42 illustrates this difficulty,as there were no multifamily units constructed in Spokane Valley between the third quarter of 2009 and the second quarter of 2012. Since the third quarter of 2012, however,the multifamily development pipeline has been relatively robust. Market data also show that, though multifamily vacancy rates are more volatile in the City than in the County, rates in both geographies are quite low. Vacancies spiked to almost 15% in Spokane Valley in 2009, but have since decreased and have remained between 4%and 6%since mid-2010(Figure 43). Spokane County, as a larger geography, is more insulated from the volatility found in smaller markets; still, vacancies increased during and immediately after the recession, but have since stabilized at about 4%.These rates indicate a tight rental market regionally and potentially suggest unmet demand for multifamily products. Even the aforementioned spikes in vacancy appear to be 6-104 Figure 42. Multifamily Housing Units Delivered by Quarter, Spokane Valley, 2005-2016 Source:CoStar Group(2016) 350 321 llni is Delivered 3C{} 256 250 25() 2C0 188 176 144 150 135 135 100 66 50 2$ 27 126 1261 0 I 1 1i D +J V co Cn -.0 •4 0 0 .s µ h} F.) Care,) is U, ,n 0 e ' e P. P. e e e 9 attributable to concentrated periods of multifamily development, rather than insufficient demand; though vacancy increased by two percentage points in Spokane Valley in early 2015, several hundred units had been delivered in the months prior, and the rapid return to 4%vacancy suggests healthy absorption of the units delivered. The average apartment rent in Spokane Valley was roughly $100 lower than Spokane County's average rent between 2000 and 2008. Since early 2009, the average rent in Spokane Valley and Spokane County have been generally aligned. As of the first quarter of 2016, the average apartment rent for both areas was approximately$800 per month. 6-105 Return to Table of Contents Figure 43. Apartment Rent and Vacancy Rates, Spokane Valley and Spokane County, 2000-2015 Source:CoStar Group(2016) $400 Countywide Rent 1696 $800 Spokane Valley Rent Countywide Vacancy Rate 14% $700 Spokane Valley Vacancy Rate - 136 $600 10%400 iN111111) 8% $500 $300 11111hAir 6% $200 $100 2% $0 0% wi kJrs K.1 n2 N.1K K] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 D .- 2 S Approach to the Housing Element CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES Several challenges and opportunities arise from a careful analysis of these housing data. The following summarize obstacles and impediments to quality, affordable, and diverse housing options, as well as arising opportunities to improve housing in Spokane Valley, and underpin goal and policy development in the Housing Element. Providing For Cost-Burdened RPSirJPratc While the proportion of cost-burdened Spokane Valley renters decreased between 2005 and 2014, more than one-third of all residents—owners and renters together—qualified as cost-burdened in 2014. This suggests a substantial need for more affordable housing units in the City, with a focus on affordable rental units. Smaller multifamily units are less expensive than stand-alone single family units, and an increase in their availability could alleviate some of the cost-burden Spokane Valley residents are currently facing. 6-106 More than 50% of Spokane Valley households earned less than $50,000 in 2014. For households earning $25,000 per year, rent and mortgage expenses should be less than $694 per month; at $50,000 annually, housing costs must be less than $1,389 per month. According to an apartment market survey executed by the Runstad Center for Real Estate Studies at the University of Washington, the average rent for apartments of any size in Spokane Valley was $827 per month in 2016, though two and three bedroom units likely exceed this cost by a significant margin. Moreover, when affordable housing units are located further from employment centers and daily needs, like grocery stores, pharmacies, gas stations, restaurants, and other retailers, transportation costs for residents increase significantly through car ownership, insurance requirements, and gasoline purchases.These facts point to the need for affordable housing within walking distance of retailers, employers, and transportation hubs. LreaLrng apt ons For Non-Family Households As the number of households with children decreases, the demand for smaller housing options will likely increase in Spokane Valley and the County overall. Quality higher-density housing products, such as apartments, condominiums, townhouses, tiny homes, or backyard cottages, would be viable opportunities for residents without children and retirees and may offer the added benefit of increasing affordability for workers in retail and services. Accommodating An Aging Population Aging individuals experience a decrease in mobility—many are unable to drive or don't feel comfortable operating a vehicle as their reflexes and eyesight worsen. As a result, aging populations are more reliant upon transportation services and shorter commute times to amenities and health services. Additionally, increasing age often requires homeowners and renters to downsize because of health concerns, physical mobility restrictions, and/or reductions in income (University, 2014). Taken together, the aforementioned forces urge consideration of denser housing opportunities in close proximity to jobs, retail amenities like grocery stores and banks,and public transportation. 6-107 COMMUNITYAND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT PRIORITIES Responding To Community Preferences The housing stock in Spokane Valley is weighted toward single family units (61%). Low apartment vacancy rates and high rents indicate market demand for more multifamily units. Residents echoed the market status with a community desire for innovative types of multifamily housing, such as cottage housing, tiny homes,and accessory dwelling units. Improving Housing Diversity and Affordability ENCOURAGE THE CREATION OF MIXED-USE DESTINATIONS Regionally, Kendall Yards in Spokane has aroused interest as a relatively new style of development that embraces many of the tenets of a movement called new urbanism. Residents, as well as investors, have indicated interest in this type of development,which could anchor new regional retail, attract overnight visitors,amplify positive publicity,and create new mixed-use housing options. IMPROVE HOUSING AFFORDABILITY Substantial portions of the renter and homeowner population are cost-burdened by rent and mortgage payments. An increase in multifamily housing options would reduce the average rent for these units countywide, improving the livelihood of cost-burdened residents. Furthermore, providing housing options that meet the needs of local employees is critical to ensuring that local companies continue to have access to capable workers. ENSURE A RANGE OF HOUSING OPTIONS FOR RESIDENTS As the City's population ages and the proportion of households with children continues to decrease, the demand for smaller housing options will increase. During conversations with Spokane Valley residents,the desire for new housing typologies—including cottages and tiny homes—repeatedly arose. From an economic development standpoint, these typologies densify existing single family neighborhoods while enhancing neighborhood character, and therefore provide a captive audience for neighborhood-serving retailers that create new jobs in the community and draw visitors from nearby towns. 6-108 ENHANCE DISTINCTIVE NEIGHBORHOOD CHARACTER The SpokaneValley community expressed a strong desire for more neighborhood amenities, such as non-chain restaurants, boutiques, and local entertainment. These commercial features thrive in walkable, high density residential communities and may best be provided through mixed-use development,where multifamily units can improve the financial feasibility of the development project. BEST PRACTICES Coordinate with Human Services Housing for individuals and families with a need for human services is important. Planning for these housing types in appropriate areas will reduce barriers to access for these services and may improve the quality of life for those individuals and families. Incorporating Density, Imnrovin r Walkability Coordinating housing development with planning for commercial uses, transportation improvements, and public space can create vibrant places with high-quality, high-density housing options. Walkable places have been shown to create economic benefits for cities and residents alike, and these walkable destinations may help diversify and improve the City's stock of for-rent multifamily housing. 6-109 Return to Table of Contents THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY BLANK. 6-110 CHAPTER 7 1111 Capital Facilities & Public Services return to Table of Contents Introduction a 1111 WHY THE CAPITAL FACILITIES ELEMENT IS IMPORTANT The Capital Facilities Element helps the City manage its investments related to facilities needed for growth, and responds to specific Growth Management Act(GMA) requirements. The element relies on a Capital Facilities Plan (CFP), which helps the City use its limited funding wisely and efficiently, and ensures that facilities are in place when growth occurs. The CFP includes a six-year Capital Improvement Plan(CIP)with estimated costs and proposed methods of financing. The plan also anticipates needed investments to support the City's economic development initiatives. PLANNING CONTEXT The GMA, specifically RCW 36.70A.070 (3) (a), identifies public facilities that are required to be inventoried. WAC 365-196-415 provides guidance as to which capital facilities should be included in the inventory.At a minimum,they should include water systems, sanitary sewer systems, stormwater facilities, reclaimed water facilities, schools, parks and recreational facilities, police and fire protection facilities. Identified facilities must have a minimum standard Level of Service (LOS), include an inventory, needs assessment, and include or reference the location and capacity of needed facilities. Transportation standards are the only facilities required to have a concurrency mechanism, although a local government may choose to adopt a concurrency mechanism REFERENCES KEY for other facilities. ® Refers to other section The Countywide Planning Policies for Spokane County (CWPP) contain a x-xx in plan number of goals and policies regarding capital facilities and the provision of urban services. This Element is consistent with the CWPP and the adopted Refers to other Spokane regional LOS standards. S\. Valley plans and official documents This Element acts as a reference to all the various capital facility plans, comprehensive plans, capital improvement and investment programs, Refers to other inventories, and studies that together represent the planning and financing Onon-Spokane Valley mechanisms required to serve the capital facility needs for the City. references for further reading The City's approach to capital facilities planning is unique in that special purpose districts and other private utilities provide many of our services. The City, however, provides capital facilities for municipal buildings, streets, / 7-112 parks and recreation,and stormwater.This Capital Facilities Element therefore provides information about the City's facilities, but also references the functional plans of each external service provider. The Element contains an inventory of capital facilities and service providers,and existing and future LOS for each type of capital facility. Current Conditions The City owns and manages a number of capital facilities including roads, parks, police facility, regional event center, a City Hall and a street maintenance facility.There are a number of capital facilities that serve the City of Spokane Valley that are managed by other entities (see table below). In these cases, the City coordinates with the responsible governing bodies and organizations to ensure consistency between capital facility plans. This collaborative review covers the construction of new facilities, improvements to existing facilities, the levels of service provided by those facilities, and the sources of revenues and financing of needed facilities. SUMMARY OF EXISTING FACILITIES The following (Figure 44) is a summary inventory of capital facilities providing services within the City of Spokane Valley and references corresponding functional plans and maps. Capital facilities belonging to privately-owned utilities serving the City(electrical, natural gas,liquid or other gas pipelines,and telecommunication)are discussed in the Utilities Element of the Plan. Figure 44. Summary Inventory of Capital Facilities Source:City of Spokane Valley(2016) FACILITIES INVENTORY DESCRIPTION FUNCTIONAL PLANS AND MAPS The City of Spokane Valley does not own or operate a public water supply system. Spokane Valley residences and businesses receive water from special purpose districts, associations, and public and private corporations. The Coordinated Water System Plan(CWSP)identifies service boundaries,establishes minimum design standards and ' Spokane County CWSP Water promotes the consolidation of regional water resource management. The Board of . Map of Water Districts and County Commissioners or the Washington State Department of Health(DOH)provide Wellheads updates to the CWSP. Spokane Valley supports regional water supply planning,water use efficiency programs and plans, watershed planning, wellhead protection plans, water quality plans,and planning for reclamation and reuse. 7-113 return to Table of Contents FACILITIES INVENTORY DESCRIPTION FUNCTIONAL PLANS AND MAPS Spokane County Environmental Services provides sewer service in Spokane Valley. . Spokane County Comprehensive In 2009 an interlocal agreement was adopted which established a wastewater Wastewater Management Plan Sewer management advisory board and gave Spokane County the exclusive authority to provide sewer service to the City of Spokane Valley. • Map of Sewer Service Transportation capital facilities include streets, bridges, pathways, and sidewalks. Spokane Valley is responsible for about 439 miles of public roads. Overall,there are approximately 125 miles of major roadways(arterials and collectors)and 314 miles of local roadways,encompassing over 81,000,000 square feet of asphalt and concrete surfacing. • Transportation Improvement Plan Transportation •The Six-Year Transportation Improvement Program (TIP) lists all the transportation Map of Arterial Street Plan projects the City of Spokane Valley plans to pursue over the next six years.Spokane Valley coordinates with other agencies, including Spokane County and the WSDOT, when developing the TIP.In addition,the future transportation project list identified in the Comprehensive Plan EIS illustrates the types of projects that may be necessary by 2040 to maintain acceptable LOS in Spokane Valley. Stormwater runoff in Spokane Valley flows to a combination of public and private facilities.The City created a Stormwater Utility to maintain over 18,000 stormwater facilities that support City-owned right of way and properties. Private property • Spokane Regional Stormwater owners are responsible for the maintenance of stormwater facilities that retain and Manual infiltrate stormwater collected from their site,or as part of development agreements and easements. • Stormwater Utility Capital Stormwater Improvement Program The Stormwater Utility updates a Six-Year Stormwater Capital Improvement Program • UIC Assessment and Retrofit Map that lists projects that the stormwater utility plans to pursue in the near future.New development and redevelopment projects are required to meet the current standards • Stormwater Discharge Map set forth in the Spokane Regional Stormwater Manual,which ensures that runoff is treated and properly disposed of. The Spokane Valley Police Department provides a safe environment for the citizens, businesses,and visitors of the City of Spokane Valley through a contractual agreement Law Enforcement with the Spokane County Sheriff's Department. • Interlocal agreement or contract for services This unique contracting relationship allows for the sharing of resources,allowing both agencies to operate at peak efficiency without duplicating services. The Spokane County Library District (District) provides library services in Spokane Valley.The District is a municipal corporation established by voters in 1942 under • Spokane County Library Capital Libraries provisions of RCW 27.12.040. This independent special purpose district provides Improvement Plan public library services to the unincorporated county and affiliated municipalities. The Spokane Valley Parks and Recreation Department provides for a wide range of Parks and recreational opportunities available to residents and visitors. • Spokane Valley Parks and Recreation City parks, school play fields, trails, County parks, and conservations areas are all Recreation Master Plan within close vicinity to Spokane Valley residents. 7-114 FACILITIES INVENTORY DESCRIPTION FUNCTIONAL PLANS AND MAPS Private haulers licensed by the Washington Utility and Transportation Commission • Spokane Valley Solid Waste Solid Waste (W.U.T.C.)through contracts provide solid waste services in Spokane Valley. Management Plan Spokane Valley Fire Department (SVFD) and Spokane County Fire District No. 8 provide fire protection, rescue,and emergency medical services(EMS) in the City of Fire and Spokane Valley.Y• SVFD Strategic Plan Emergency SVFD serves over 90% of the City, while District 8 serves a few small areas in • Map of Fire Districts Services the southern part of the City. Both districts serve the City with a full range of fire suppression and EMS. Four public school districts provide service within Spokane Valley: East Valley,West • CVSD Strategic Plan Valley,Central Valley,and Spokane School District 81.Spokane Valley must coordinate • EVSD Strategic Plan with each district to ensure consistency between the City's plan and school districts' Public Schools plans. • WVSD Strategic Plan • Specific information on school district facilities including, but not limited to, Spokane Public Schools Strategic enrollment, classroom size, service standards, and financing is contained in each Plan school district's strategic plan. • Map of School Districts City-Owned The City maintains other capital facilities including satellite police precinct, regional • City of Spokane Valley Capital Facilities event center,city hall and a street maintenance facility(see descriptions below). Facilities Plan 7-115 Return to Table of Contents Figure 45. Map of Fire Districts Source:City of Spokane Valley(2016);Community Attributes Inc. (2016) re.d. a�. - n,,soa, — — District Oniaki if s, . Fire District WAN,. I IF CMIR., Paurt s nPr1. Tr Mfix-a? 1...1:F.....:...' Ir.IICuan T {_ .� �•� j+ s..StRll..v.1.4r— ��. +–# • { 2kutoton ea' Ibr/rk # hrrlrkilly * 1 City of .4* f/, ,r'. s Spokane • f - 9• . dr--- / c.,a,...,37.... ob• . Tt.....1 rt` * Path i I. Dk�1 1 K dills Fldd • ur ter~ i {wijl6 —.., #) ,....n, c...., 4 liwnePaik i ! + r-0.r.rwa i.� L.ak■ �I 21 �. rim lir ,..� Irrrottorm Ditirwe PM Ramon mull 1y, t� { Yl.lw Z U1N Ilal l l3 � ""'i'"�"' 11.11,41-11.1 * f.iir..+i»''N4 !O... i [ VrYI E refill , R Rim.ri # Ip'��{.. Orr al ppgrl..mr LaLagf yaw SMhri1k y,. _, __,_z. I �,e i # QFele-n I rAlkn I + hii. w' D4vrkl lT ii..l lir. * 27 •DiArlrr l5= . .1 Moel ,I E LAs+r+ss It I. ta : 7 ,„z J LJ • Crurncu.Wm, wI a r...,„ „,..., Wrr.IrrWinn, c.rracerrtJ - Firs and Water Districts I i Municipal @Qvldarics — —( l* Click to open ..•'50aknne Value Wrbtirl Gromh Arra PGA' {1 rr,k1 it ,.r,Itecre w l.I.Open 5rgee interactive map! - I ]Fly&:.,Ere i ...1....,, \ Firc StIicii ca....r wKr. ./.. Fire District 8 ,r:,kl*s • 4Vell5. 0 0.5 li 2 M pis a rAIr The maps(Figures 45 and 46)depict the facilities related to fire and emergency services and public schools that are located in the City. CITY-OWNED FACILITIES This section of the CFP includes civic buildings such as government offices, community centers, and entertainment facilities. As a relatively new City, incorporated in 2003, Spokane Valley does not have a significant inventory of community facilities. 7-116 Figure School Districts 46. Map of Schools and Source:City of SpokanValley(2016);Community Attributes Inc. (2016) '-----' West Val tey Eatt Valley #81 #3637. Tivtawtedl niEir HI NEW aermenlary 2411 — . _,,r./.,.,..17,:e it, ,_ L,....-----1 ,,,,, Lakin E - 7 ,ne ' .-"' E. I eaC-4•-•,k-rS-•• •&..--- '.. • ! P.m. ii E is{,,..: -!-.!.• z Or maacnts Ctriplii Centre 1--. tpzmingC. Valley LIneele, 15 School 01.stria,Schools,.Si Spite Rou res to School II , Click to open — schools '2. interactive map! 7 •Marc.than WO c t wands .4/ \ CenterPlace RegionalEvemty-emter CenterPlace is located at 2426 North Discovery Place, near Mirabeau Park. It is a 54,000 square foot regional event center and houses the Senior Center,as well as the Parks and Recreation Office. Street Maintenance Facility The City of Spokane Valley Street and Stormwmter maintenance facility is located at 17002 East Euclid Avenue. The facility houses plow trucks, stormwmter and traffic signal parts, liquid and granular deicing material, and other street maintenance equipment. 7-117 Return to Table of Contents Police Precinct The Police Precinct is located at 12710 East Sprague Avenue. The building is approximately 21,779 square feet in size. The District Court operates a courtroom out of the building, using 2,503 square feet. The County pays a lease and maintenance charges for this facility.The building also contains office space, kitchen, locker room and bathroom, maintenance garage, gym, court ticket counter,police counter,conference room,and roll call room. There is also a shop and garage in a separate structure. Dedicated Spokane Valley personnel and some support staff are housed at the Precinct. Most of the investigative personnel and support staff are housed at the Public Safety Building in Spokane. The old holding area is now used for breathalyzer tests, probation meetings, recorded interviews,and additional office space. Ongoing Projects The City Hall site is 3.38 acres located at the southeast corner of Sprague Avenue and Dartmouth Street. The structure is 65,172 square feet. The building will be three stories above grade totaling 47,485 square feet. The first floor will be 18,553 square feet,the second floor will be 15,155 square feet and the third floor is 13,777 square feet. The building will have a full basement of 17,687 square feet. The construction of City Hall will be complete by August 31, 2017. The City will move in to the new building in September 2017.The total project cost for City Hall is approximately $14,150,000. The City is using $6,300,000 from the general fund and $7,850,000 in net Limited Tax General Obligation bond proceeds. The bonds will be repaid over a 30-year period in roughly equal annual installments. The average annual bond repayment is $399,888, which is $34,712 less per year than the City's current annual lease payment for the current City Hall space at the Redwood Plaza located at 11707 East Sprague Avenue. MEETING AND EXCEEDING STANDARDS Level of Service (LOS) is the adopted standard used to measure the adequacy of services. LOS relates to the types of services rendered. For capital facilities, LOS standards determine what improvements or new facilities are necessary to support anticipated growth. These standards inform the public, developers, and decision-makers about the quality or quantity of a facility or service. An LOS standard is a tool to measure the performance of a capital facility. A capital facility operating at or above the established LOS indicates no need for 7-118 improvements or new facilities.A facility operating below the established LOS is an indication that there may be a need for improvements, or a need for new facilities, or re-evaluation of the LOS. The following table (Figure 47) below provides the regional LOS for water, sewer, transportation, stormwater, law enforcement, libraries, parks, street cleaning, public transit,fire,and schools. Local jurisdictions may choose higher standards. Figure 47. Regional LOS Summary for Capital Facilities Source:Spokane County;additional sources indicated in table FACILITIES REGIONAL LEVEL OF SERVICE STANDARD Domestic Water Supply - Minimum Levels of Service for storage capacity and flow shall be consistent with the Washington State Department of Health requirements and the Spokane County CWSP requirements (where applicable). System Design - Minimum Levels of Service for pipe sizing, flow rate, and systematic grid development shall be Water consistent with the Washington State Department of Health requirements and the Coordinated Water System Plan requirements(where applicable). Fire Flow- Fire flow rate and duration as well as fire hydrant specifications and spacing shall be consistent with local fire authority requirements or the Fire Code,whichever is more stringent. Incorporated areas will be provided with wastewater collection and transport systems in accordance with the adopted sewer concurrency requirements of the jurisdiction. Unincorporated urban growth areas will be provided with wastewater collection and transport systems in accordance with the requirements for sewer concurrency as set forth in Spokane County's Development Regulations. Collection systems and transport systems will be designed for peak flow conditions so that overflows,backups,and discharges from the system do not occur under normal operating situations.Specific design criteria shall conform to the requirements of the Washington State Department of Ecology and local regulations.Wastewater collection and transport systems will convey wastewater to centralized wastewater treatment facilities. Centralized wastewater Sewer treatment and effluent disposal facilities will be planned,designed,and constructed to provide effluent that does not adversely impact the quality of surface or groundwater of the State of Washington. Planning and design for wastewater treatment and effluent disposal facilities will be based on 20-year projections of population growth and current water quality criteria as established by the Washington State Department of Ecology. (Centralized wastewater treatment facilities shall be a part of a sewage system owned or operated by a city, town,municipal corporation,county,political subdivision of the state,or other approved ownership consisting of a collection system and necessary trunks,pumping facilities,and means of final treatment and disposal and approved or under permit from the Washington State Department of Ecology.) Transportation Maintain travel corridor time as established by Spokane Regional Transportation Council. 7-119 Return to Table of Contents FACILITIES REGIONAL LEVEL OF SERVICE STANDARD Flooding of property outside designated drainage-ways,de facto drainage-ways, easements,flood zones,or other approved drainage facilities during the design precipitation or runoff event prescribed in the standards of the governing local agency or jurisdiction shall be prevented within the reasonable probability afforded by such standards. Stormwater Impact to buildings and accessory structures shall be avoided to the maximum extent practicable by evaluating the effects of a 100-year rain event,and implementing measures to ensure that the runoff attendant to such an event is directed away from such buildings and accessory structures.Any stormwater discharge to surface or groundwaters must meet federal,state,and local requirements for water quality treatment,stormwater runoff,and infiltration. Each jurisdiction shall specify in its Comprehensive Plan a level of police protection that addresses the safety of its Law Enforcement citizens. Libraries Each jurisdiction will specify its own LOS Parks Each jurisdiction will specify its own LOS Solid Waste Solid waste processing will meet Federal and State regulations,including maintaining any required facilities licenses. Each jurisdiction within the non-attainment area shall develop and use a street cleaning plan, coordinating with Spokane County Air Pollution Control Authority(SCAPCA) as the oversight agency, to meet mandated Particulate Matter dust standards.Each jurisdiction's street cleaning plan will describe the programs and methods to be used to reduce particulate matter emissions from paved surfaces. Each plan shall address but not be limited to the following: Street Cleaning 1. Street sweeping frequency and technology to be employed. 2. Factors for determining when and where to initiate street sweeping following a sanding event,with the goals of expeditious removal when safety and mobility requirements have been satisfied. 3. Sanding reduction goal. 4. Sanding materials specifications to be employed. 5. Locations,application rates and circumstances for use of chemical de-icers and other sanding alternatives. 6. Identification of priority roadways(over 15,000 average daily traffic count). Jurisdictions within the Public Transit Benefit Area(PTBA)shall have policies consistent with the LOS adopted by the Public Transit Spokane Transit Authority Board of Directors. Urban areas jurisdictions in excess of 5,000 population,or once a population of 5,000 persons is achieved,shall be served by a fire district with at least a(Washington Survey and Rating Bureau of Insurance Services Office)Class 6 Insurance Rating or better.For the purposes of GMA minimum Levels of Service,Class 6 or better shall be based on the ISO Grading Schedule for municipal fire protection,1974 edition,as amended,by using the fire district,fire service communication,and fire safety control portions of the grading schedule.The total deficiency points identified in these portions of the ISO or Washington Survey and Rating Bureau schedule shall not exceed 1,830 points. Fire and Emergency All jurisdictions, regardless of size,shall ensure that new development has a Fire Flow and hydrant placement per Services the International Fire Code adopted by that jurisdiction. Urban areas must be within five road miles of an operating fire station that provides service with a "Class A" pumper, unless structures are equipped with fire sprinkler(s)that are rated in accordance with the edition of the International Fire Code adopted by the jurisdiction,and is located within five road miles of an operating fire station that provides service with a Class"A" rated pumper. Urban areas shall be served by a state certified basic life support(BLS)agency.Urban areas should be served by an operating basic lifesaving unit within 5 miles;and an operating advanced life support unit within six miles or 10 minutes' response time for those jurisdictions with urban areas in excess of 5,000 in population;and basic life support and advanced life support transport service. Public Schools To be determined by individual school district CFP. 7-120 The City has adopted the following LOS standards (Figure 48), which in some cases exceed the regional LOS standards described in the preceding table. A fullof Figure 48. Spokane Valley LOS Summary for Capital Facilities LOS for transportation t anion ransporttao tion • Source:City of Spokane Valley 5-89 facilities is located in the SPOKANE VALLEY % Transportation Element. FACILITIES LEVEL OF SERVICE STANDARD Water Meet the minimum Regional LOS Sewer Public Sewer required for new development • LOS D for major arterial corridors: > Argonne/Mullan between the town of Millwood and Appleway Boulevard > Pines Road between Trent Avenue and 8th Avenue > Evergreen Road between Indiana Avenue and 8th Avenue > Sullivan Road between Wellesley Avenue Transportation' and 8th Avenue > Sprague Avenue/Appleway Boulevard between Fancher Road and Sullivan Road • LOS D for signalized intersections not on major arterial corridors • LOS E for unsignalized intersections(LOS F is acceptable if the peak hour traffic signal warrant is not met) Stormwater Meet the minimum Regional LOS Law Enforcement No minimum LOS adopted Libraries Library District to set LOS Parks 1.92 acres per 1,000 residents Solid Waste Meet the minimum regional LOS Street Cleaning Meet the minimum regional LOS Public Transit Meet the minimum regional LOS Fire and Emergency Services Meet the minimum regional LOS Public Schools School Districts to set LOS 1.1-90 is a HSS facility under the jurisdiction of WSDOT.Maintain WSDOT adopted LOS standards on 1-90 and the ramp terminal intersections with city streets. 7-121 Notably, the City does not apply LOS standards to the City-owned facilities described in an earlier section of this Element. Instead, the City is developing an asset management system that will allow the City to produce recommen- dations for the maintenance of City-owned facilities. Also notable is the fact that the City, pursuant to state law, considers the adequacy of water supply(in addition to minimum LOS) prior to issuance of a building permit or other land actions(e.g. rezonings,subdivisions). FUNDING FUTURE PROJECTS The GMA requires that budgeting decisions be consistent with the Comprehensive Plan.The 6-year Capital Improvement Plan(CIP)is a significant component of the Financing Plan. It includes a list of projects, when they will begin, how much they will cost,and how they will be funded. Both the Transportation Improvement Plan (TIP),and the Parks and Recreation Master Plan are adopted by reference and each identify capital improvements and the financing for those improvements. Both plans are adequately funded to maintain the adopted LOS.The new City Hall building is the only other capital improvement proposed within the next six years and the financing for that project is identified under ongoing projects. For all other facility types, the City will continue to coordinate with relevant service providers identified above. These providers are responsible for maintaining adopted levels of service and the financing of improvements.The improvements and financing for those providers are not repeated here. Current Funding Sources The City is limited in its ability to finance all desired capital facility projects. Options must be available for addressing funding shortfalls or adjustments to lower the levels of service for public facilities. In deciding how to address a particular shortfall, the City will need to balance current needs versus future growth requirements and existing deficiencies versus future expansions. If funding shortfalls occur, the City will have the following options available to balance the budget: 7-122 • Increase revenues, • Decrease LOS standards, • Decrease the cost of the service or facility, • Decrease the demand for the service or facility, • Some combination of the above. Frequently-used sources of funds for the maintenance or expansion of capital facilities in Spokane Valley include current revenues, bonds, federal grants, state grants and loans and others. Those sources are included, with added detail, in Figure 49. Approach to the Capital Facilities Element CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES Ensuring Street Maintenance State law requires cities to submit a TIP showing the sources and amount of funding for transportation improvement projects planned for the upcoming six-year period. Projects included on a TIP represent the City's intent to fund and construct transportation projects and both state and federal agencies require projects to be included in a TIP in order to be eligible for grant funding. The City can currently finance its six-year TIP, though decisions will need to be made by the City's leadership to ensure that the City can maintain, in the long-term,the high quality street infrastructure that exists today. The City has the challenge of maintaining the quality of the existing street system. The City has approximately 439 miles of paved roadways within its entire network. Overall, there are approximately 125 miles of major roadways (arterials and collectors) and 314 miles of local roadways, encompassing over 81,000,000 square feet of asphalt and concrete surfacing. At an average replacement cost for a typical roadway approaching $859,000 per mile, not including the value of the land, the City has over $375 million invested in its paved roadway network. 7-123 Return to Table of Contents Figure 49. Funding Sources for Capital Improvements Source:City of Spokane Valley FUNDING CATEGORY FUNDING SOURCE • General Fund(sales tax,fees,property tax,state-shared revenues,etc.) • Utility Tax for Street Maintenance Current Revenues • Real Estate Excise Tax(REET) • Impact Fees • Stormwater Utility and Aquifer Protection Area Fees • Non-voted General Obligation • Voted General Obligation Bonds • Revenue(payable from a particular utility or enterprise) • Local Improvement District(Assessment Bonds) • Surface Transportation Program • Bridge Replacement Funds Federal Grants • Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality Improvement Program(CMAQ) • Land and Water Conservation Fund • Community Development Block Grants • Aquatic Lands EnhancementAccount(ALEA) • Transportation Improvement Account • Centennial Clean Water Fund • Public Works Trust Funds • Resource and Conservation Office(RCO) State Grants/Loans • Arterial Street Fund(Motor Fuel Tax) • Urban Arterial Trust Account(UATA) • Aquatic Lands Enhancement Account • Hazardous Bridge Replacement • Community and Economic Revitalization Board • Water Pollution Control Fund • Developer Contributions Other • Donations • Local Improvement Districts 7-124 Preservation of the existing street systems has become a major concern for the City due to the limitation of current funding. In an effort to identify solutions for maintaining the City's street infrastructure, the City hired a consultant to analyze the condition of the streets and provide solutions for pavement management. Pavement management is the process of planning, budgeting, funding, designing, constructing, monitoring, evaluating, maintaining, and rehabilitating the pavement network to provide maximum benefits with available funds. Decisions will need to be made on the desired LOS and acceptable amount of backlog,including deciding on an acceptable Overall Condition Index(OCI)level for City streets. Establishing the target OCI will allow the City to decide on the appropriate annual budget for street maintenance expenditures. The financial impact of allowing the network OCI to drop by allocating fewer resources toward preservation efforts will increase costs in future years when streets may need to be fully restored. Deferred maintenance can save some money in years of significant financial constraint; however, that deferred maintenance usually comes at a higher cost later on. Deferring needed maintenance can also reduce the lifespan of the investment. Every year the City underfunds street maintenance it ultimately costs more to rehabilitate in future years. Coordinating Water Districts The City does not own or operate a public water supply system. Spokane Valley residences and businesses receive water through special purpose districts, associations, and public and private corporations. The Coordinated Water System Plan identifies service boundaries, establishes minimum design standards and promotes the consolidation of regional water resource management. All future development must demonstrate that there is adequate water and fire flow for the proposed use. The City relies on groundwater from the Spokane Valley-Rathdrum Prairie Aquifer for its water needs. Groundwater rights determine the pumping capacity. Currently, some water purveyors serving the City are close to or exceeding their allocated water rights. The City is collaborating with water districts to derive solutions such as adjudication, the formation of a water authority, the conversion of irrigation water rights to municipal water rights, or the inclusion of irrigation water rights when evaluating water supply capacity. 7-125 The City will need to continue to coordinate with the water purveyors and DOH to ensure there is an adequate supply of water for current and anticipated demand. On the capacity side, the City will continue to coordinate on the development of strategies to ensure there is adequate water capacity to serve anticipated levels of development. Furthermore,the City will not issue building permits or land actions if the applicant is unable to demonstrate adequate water availability. Managing Coal and Oil Transportation Most of the coal delivered to U.S. consumers and for foreign export is transported by railroads. Citizens and local governments in Washington State are concerned about the impacts of increased rail traffic going through their communities and the impacts of proposed coal and oil export facilities. In Washington State, new oil terminal facilities are proposed in Vancouver and Grays Harbor, and the state's five existing refineries from Tacoma to Ferndale are planning to expand. The five coal export terminals proposed for Washington and Oregon could add dozens of trains per day to the City's railways. The new terminals and increased transport can obstruct and delay vehicles at rail crossings, extend the travel times of emergency responders, and block access to hospitals, schools, businesses, and neighborhoods. Heavy coal trains damage rails with their pressure and clog the pores of gravel under tracks, reducing wet ballast permeability and stability increasing the risk of derailment of other hazardous and explosive freight. Currently, approximately 150 to 175 trains move through the City daily. If all of the proposed coal export terminals are built,as many as 47 coal trains could be added to the daily total over the next two decades. Half of the trains would be full of coal heading to the ports.The other half would be empty going back to Wyoming and Montana to pick up more coal from the Powder River Basin. This increase in rail traffic further necessitates Bridging the Valley (BTV). The BTV project will separate vehicle traffic from train traffic in the 42-mile corridor between Spokane,Washington and Athol, Idaho.The separation of railroad and roadway grades would improve safety, reduce congestion, assist in eliminating whistle noise, improve air quality,and enhance economic development. It may benefit the City to continue to pursue strategic investments in the near term in order to avoid costlier investments in the future. 7-126 Siting Essential Public Facilities The GMA requires the Comprehensive Plan to include a process for identifying and siting Essential Public Facilities (EPF). According to the GMA, no local comprehensive plan may preclude the siting of EPF. The GMA defines EPF as those "that are typically difficult to site, such as airports,state education facilities,and state or regional transportation facilities as defined in RCW 47.06.140,state and local correctional facilities,solid waste handling facilities, and in-patient facilities including substance abuse facilities, mental health facilities,group homes,and secure community transition facilities as defined in RCW 71.09.020." The regional process provides for a review process with a location analysis. Public involvement takes place throughout the process with public comment periods as well as public hearings. The review process requires the applicant for an EPF to assume responsibility for the bulk of the analysis and processing of the proposal.The analysis includes two parts. First, an analysis of functional criteria of all potential sites is conducted to select the highest-ranking 10 semi-finalist sites.Second,these 10 semi-finalist sites are analyzed using more qualitative criteria and resulting in selection of at least three preferred sites. Both analyses include public comment periods. Next,the BoCC conducts a public hearing on the preferred site list to allow for further public comment, identify strategies to address any issues associated with particular sites, and rank the finalist sites. The BoCC ranking is advisory to,but not binding on the applicant.Last,the applicant,after selecting a specific site, will work directly with a local jurisdiction and its regulatory requirements to permit construction and operation of the EPF. The regional siting process is based on a coordinated inter-jurisdictional approach, which in combination with consistent development regulations among the jurisdictions will implement the requirement of equitable distribution of EPF of a statewide or regional/countywide nature. COMMUNITYAND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT PRIORITIES The following improvements are not required of the City, but rather are aspirational and represent opportunities to fulfill citizen desires and advance ongoing economic development efforts. 7-127 Return to Table of Contents Funding New Facilities and Services New growth creates a demand for new and expanded public facilities and services, and the City must find ways to pay for these facilities and services. Impact fees may represent one opportunity to raise the necessary funds. The GMA authorizes local governments to impose and collect impact fees to partially fund public facilities to accommodate new growth, and these fees can be used to pay for new or expanded facilities (but cannot be collected to address existing infrastructure deficiencies).The GMA allows impact fees to be assessed on the following: • Public Streets and Roads. • Public Parks. • Schools. • Open Space. • Fire Protection Facilities. • Recreation Facilities. Impact fees provide an opportunity for the City to fund future facilities by distributing the costs of new development proportionally as development occurs. Many builders and developers are impact fee proponents because they know that impact fees add predictability to the development approval process and create a"level playing field"between them and their competitors.They also know impact fees replace less fair negotiated exactions. According to recent national surveys,about 60%of all cities with over 25,000 residents and almost 40%of all metropolitan counties use some form of impact fees. The City may consider enacting impact fees to add predictability and a more balanced funding mechanism for capital facilities. Sustaining Investment In Trails The City has invested in the development of the Appleway Trail. The first phase constructed a shared use path along the abandoned Milwaukee Railroad corridor. The corridor parallels Sprague Avenue, approximately two blocks to the south, through the heart of Spokane Valley's commercial district. In 2008, the City constructed 1.2 miles of this path from Corbin Road to the east City limits. The City is scheduled to construct Pines to Evergreen and Sullivan to Corbin in 2017. 7-128 The project will provide a route for non-motorized travel along Spokane Valley's principle east-west commercial arterial, connecting Pence-Cole Valley Transit Center, business districts, schools, and multifamily housing. The pathway will connect to Sprague Avenue by way of signage, side street routes, and connections directly to businesses. The path will include arterial crossings with pedestrian HAWK beacons, medians, and pedestrian rapid flashing beacons at the higher traffic volume locations. Connecting the Appleway Trail to Sprague Avenue and the commercial assets along the corridor is a great opportunity and can generate a range of expected benefits for the local community. The City may pursue this opportunity by continuing to make connections to the businesses along the Sprague Avenue corridor from the Appleway Trail. The City will benefit from increase sales taxes and nearby retail businesses will benefit from increased spending. Providing Infrastructure For Industrial Development The role of government and the relationship with business has changed considerably since the recession. Policymakers have begun to focus many of their efforts on understanding and supporting business development. The City recognizes that industrial development is necessary to increase economic prosperity in our community. INDUSTRIAL IMPROVEMENT AREA The City has identified an area located in the northeast portion of the City that is appropriate for quality industrial development. The City is coordinating infrastructure improvements,and continued planning for relevant facilities and services is essential to achieving the City's vision. To date, the City has coordinated with economic development partners at the state and local levels to facilitate a new Union Pacific spur just east of Barker Road and north of Euclid Avenue. The spur will allow for rail access to approximately 500 acres of industrial land. The City is also working with Spokane County to facilitate the expansion of sewer service to the same area. Ultimately, the City would like to work with the property owners to create certified sites for new industrial development. 7-129 Return to Table of Contents BARKER ROAD GRADE SEPARATION The existing intersection at Barker Road and Trent Avenue has a LOS of "F" due to high traffic volumes and proximity to the at-grade crossing.This failing LOS rating restricts development of 500 acres of nearby industrial-zoned land and 75 acres of residential-zoned land.Without improvement,the crossing will experience continued increases in vehicle and rail conflicts, eroding the quality of life in nearby residential areas and impeding economic growth. This project proposes an overpass over BNSF's tracks an Trent Avenue, as well as other roadway access improvements.The Barker Road crossing is one of 57 high-priority projects for the BNSF mainline separation projects of the BTV program. BNSF's tracks currently carry approximately 55 scheduled trains a day, a figure that will increase substantially to serve a projected expansion in agricultural production, natural resources, and other sectors. The estimated project costs are$36 million.The City is not currently able to pay these costs. The investment in infrastructure will allow the land to support economic development at a much higher intensity. The economic and tax impacts of that higher level of development are estimated as follows stemming from the construction and occupation of industrial developments. • $2 billion in total economic output in the state ($980 million in direct impacts). • 9,800 new jobs supported in the state(3,300 direct job impacts). • $12.3 million in new general fund taxes to the City(25-year present value at 4%). • $50.8 million in new general fund taxes to Washington State (25-year present value at 4%). PINES ROAD IMPROVEMENTS This $18 million project proposes to reconstruct Pines Road to pass under existing BNSF tracks.To accommodate this,Trent Avenue will also be lowered. This project will allow the City of Spokane Valley to request closure of the University Road railroad crossing one mile to the west. The closure would further improve public safety by reducing the possibility of rail-vehicle collisions at this intersection. BNSF's tracks currently carry approximately 55 scheduled trains a day, a figure that will increase substantially to serve a projected expansion in agricultural production, natural resources, and other sectors. In 2016,the project cost is estimated to cost$18 million. 7-130 Supporting Retail The City's capital investments often set the stage for and entice private investment. There is a significant amount of retail space in Spokane Valley,with retail uses clustered along Sprague Avenue and Appleway Boulevard,as well as many of the City's north-south corridors like Argonne Road and Sullivan Road and the area near the Spokane Valley Mall. The City recognizes supporting current retail and future, catalytic development projects requires continued investment in local infrastructure. The City may consider input from retailers and other business owners when prioritizing capital projects, investing in the appearance of key gateways and planning for multimodal access to retail centers. Furthermore, the City could also consider infrastructure improvements in areas with higher housing densities, especially those lacking public infrastructure that would support neighborhood-scale retail development. Ongoing City-funded projects, such as City Hall, also offer opportunities to create the conditions for new retail development. BEST PRACTICES Capital facility plans are blueprints for the future; they identify economic, land use, and infrastructure development and/or redevelopment, which may include transportation, housing, and public facilities. These plans include broad community participation to ensure the City is planning and identifying the jurisdictional needs for the future. Regular updates are imperative to determine development and infrastructure needs as local conditions change. Emphasizing Preventative Maintenance Future updates to the Comprehensive Plan and other related plans will consider addressing preventive maintenance. A component of effective maintenance typically includes preventative maintenance at regularly scheduled intervals to prevent premature failure and to maximize the useful life of our facilities. The City may therefore benefit from establishing a baseline for a comprehensive preventive maintenance program. 7-131 THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY BLANK. 7-132 CHAPTER 8 6 + é Public & Private . Uti l ities rteturn to Table of Contents t)�► Introduction 6 + 6 WHY THE UTILITIES ELEMENT IS IMPORTANT Spokane Valley residents rely on facilities and services that help define their quality of life. These facilities include those provided by several privately- owned utilities in the region. Although these utilities are privately owned and regulated at either the state and/or federal level, coordinated planning at the local level is essential to ensure that adequate utility service is available to all citizens. Sanitary sewer and potable water are typically considered "utilities"; however, for purposes of the City's Comprehensive Plan, sewer and water are addressed in the Capital Facilities Element of this Plan.This Element addresses electrical service, natural gas,and telecommunications utilities. The Utilities Element is an opportunity to identify ways of improving the quality of services provided within the City. The City will use this element to identify priorities and develop implementation strategies to ensure that provision of utilities is properly coordinated with land use. PLANNING CONTEXT The GMA requires cities to prepare a Utilities Element that generally describes the location of existing and proposed utilities, and the related capacity. This Element must be internally consistent with all other appropriate elements of the Spokane Valley Comprehensive Plan. At a regional level,the Countywide Planning Policies(CWPP) provide a regional policy framework to achieve the overall goals of the GMA. The CWPP were REFERENCES KEY coordinated by the Spokane County Steering Committee of Elected Officials Refers to other section � (SCEO) and adopted by the Spokane County Board of County Commissioners. X-XX in plan A Regional Utility Corridor Plan was prepared by the Spokane County Regional Utility Technical Committee and adopted in 1995 by the SCEO to insure the Refers to other Spokane SV Valley plans and official CWPP s were met. documents Refers to other Onon-Spokane Valley references for further reading //////////////////////////////// 8-134 Many utilities that operate within the region are planned and regulated at higher levels. Privately and publicly-owned electrical, natural gas,and land line telephone utilities are regulated by the Washington Utilities and Transportation Commission (WUTC). Wireless telephone communication companies are licensed by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). Cable television companies are regulated by the FCC and the Communications Acts of 1934 and 1996. Utilities must have a franchise agreement to place utilities in the public right of way. Franchise agreements give each utility the non-exclusive right to provide its category of service within the City. Current Conditions This section provides information related to the current providers of electrical service utilities and telecommunications utilities in Spokane Valley. ELECTRICAL SERVICE UTILITIES There are currently five providers of electrical services serving Spokane Valley. These include the Bonneville Power Administration,Avista Utilities,Vera Water & Power, Modern Electric Water Company, and Inland Power and Light. This section introduces each company and provides an overview of services. Bonneville Power Administration The BPA is a federal agency under the U.S. Department of Energy that markets wholesale electrical power and operates and markets electrical transmission services in the Pacific Northwest. Although BPA is part of the U.S. Department of Energy, it is self-funding and covers its costs by selling its products and services. BPA markets wholesale electrical power from 31 federal hydroelectric projects in the Columbia River Basin,one non-federal nuclear plant and several other non-federal power plants.The dams are operated by the U.S.Army Corps of Engineers and the Bureau of Reclamation. BPA manages over 15,000 circuit miles of transmission lines and owns 261 substations. 8-135 The hydroelectric projects and the electrical system are known as the Federal Additional information Columbia River Power System.Approximately 28% of the electric power used can be found on Avista's in the Spokane Valley region comes from BPA. BPA's transmission system & website at: accounts for approximately three-fourths of the high-voltage grid in its service www.avistautilities.com territory and includes major transmission links with other regions. BPA's service jterritory covers 300,000 square miles and includes Idaho,Oregon,Washington, jwestern Montana, and small parts of eastern Montana, California, Nevada, Utah, and Wyoming. BPA operates a 500kV line just north of the existing City limits. Additionally, BPA operates the Trentwood substation and 115kV transmission lines within the City. Avista Utilities The IRP and additional Avista Utilities is involved in the production, transmission, and distribution of information on the energy.Avista provides energy services and electricity to customers in eastern Oprocess is available on Washington, northern Idaho. Avista Utilities is an operating division of Avista Avista's website at www. Corporation and is the principal electricity provider in the City. avistautilities.com/ Avista is statutorily obligated to provide reliable electricity service to its customers at rates, terms, and conditions that are fair, just, reasonable, and sufficient. To determine how to best meet the future electric needs of its customers, Avista produces an Electric Integrated Resource Plan (IRP). The IRP looks ahead 20 years to identify resource strategies and portfolios that will cost-effectively meet customers' long-term needs. The Electrical IRP is refreshed in odd years, as required by the Washington Utilities and Transportation Commission and the Idaho Public Utilities Commission where Avista has customers. The most recent IRP and additional information on the process are available on Avista's website at www.avistautilities.com/inside/resources/irp vera Water& Power Vera Water and Power (Vera) is a publicly-owned utility that supplies water and electricity to the Veradale area.Vera currently operates three substations in Spokane Valley. A new substation located on the corner of Sullivan Road and 16th Avenue is under construction with a target energize date of 2016. 8-136 Approximately 3,000 customers will be moved to the new substation to ensure the district's electric system is safe and reliable. Vera purchases the majority of its power from the BPA which is then distributed Additional information to its customers through an underground and overhead electrical distribution on services and system. Vera takes delivery of power from BPA at the substations indicated / Oprocesses can be found above.Vera serves over 10,500 electric customers in the City. on Vera's website at www.verawaterandpow- In June 2016, Vera introduced a Community Solar Project to customers er.com. choosing to purchase "blocks of power" and share in the cost of building a solar electric project. Community solar participants are eligible to receive Washington State production credits through June 2020. After 2020, the renewal of the state incentives is up to the Legislature. Modern Electric Water Company (MEWCO) is a nonprofit, customer-owned corporation that provides water and electricity to approximately 10,000 customers in the Opportunity neighborhood of Spokane Valley. MEWCO purchases power from BPA and currently is in an agreement to purchase all its electrical power from BPA through September 30, 2029. MEWCO's mission is to provide reliable, economical, and safe electric and water distribution services. Its goal is to make the City of Spokane Valley more attractive to businesses looking to locate and expand here by offering the lowest rates in the j Additional information area. & on MEWCO's electrical supply system consists of three substations including / O processes can be found the Locust station, located south of Interstate 90 on the west side of Locust on MEWCO's website at Street; Nelson station, located south of 4th Avenue, east of Walnut; and the www.mewco.com. Opportunity station located at MEWCO main office site on Pines Road, north //////////////////// of Broadway. Inland Power & Light Inland Power & Light (Inland) serves electrical customers in 13 counties in eastern Washington and northern Idaho and is the largest electric cooperative in the state. Inland currently purchases all its power from BPA. Inland's customer base has grown to over 39,000 customers with a relatively small number located in the southern portion of the City. Inland is a member-owned company focused on providing safe, reliable electricity at affordable rates. 8-137 Return to Table of Contents Additional information NATURAL GAS SERVICE on services and processes and the Avista Utilities also operates and maintains the natural gas distribution system Omost recent IRP can serving Spokane Valley, and is the only provider of natural gas in the City. be found on Inland's Avista provides natural gas to customers in eastern Washington, northern website at https://www. Idaho,and parts of southern and eastern Oregon. For more information, please inlandpower.com. visit www.avistautilities.com. The Pacific Northwest receives natural gas from various regions of the United States and Canada. Natural gas is transported throughout the states of Washington, Oregon, and Idaho via a network of interstate transmission pipelines owned and operated by Northwest Pipeline Corporation. Natural gas delivery from Williams Pipeline is via Avista's distribution system. To determine how to best meet the future natural gas energy needs of its customers, Avista produces a Natural Gas IRP. The IRP looks ahead 20 years to identify resource strategies and portfolios that will cost effectively meet customers' long-term needs. The IRP is refreshed in even years as required by the Washington Utilities and Transportation Commission, the Idaho Public Utilities Commission,and the Oregon Public Utility Commission. Telecommunications Utilities Telecommunications is the transmission of information in the form of electronic signals or other similar means. The telecommunications section focuses on telephone,wireless communications, Internet,and cable television. Landline Telephone System Telephone service is offered through two main providers, although service is available through various cable companies. CenturyLink Communication, Inc. (CenturyLink) provides telecommunication service to the Spokane Valley planning area as regulated by WUTC. CenturyLink's facilities may be aerial or buried,copper or fiber.Comcast also offers wired phone service to the Spokane Valley area. Comcast utilizes existing telecommunications infrastructure for this service. Comcast is regulated by the WUTC. It is anticipated that additional upgraded facilities will be needed to handle the growing demand. However, due to advances in technology,additional capacity is easily and quickly added to the system. 8-138 Wireless Telephone System The City is served with a number of wireless communication service providers. Currently, these services rely on ground-based antennae and often co-located. Expansion of the wireless system is demand driven; therefore, wireless providers maintain a short response time and a tight planning horizon. Providing wireless service involves adapting to changing technologies, which may make current forms of receivers obsolete. Cable Television and Internet Service Internet service is available through multiple providers. CentruryLink and Comcast are the primary cable television and Internet providers. CenturyLink provides Internet service via telephone lines and Comcast provides Internet service via cable. However, numerous cable providers serve the area, and generally, include Internet access service options. The City supports increasing the availability of improved telecommunica- tions services throughout the City. The City encourages new telecommuni- cations technology that balances the costs and benefits of health and safety, aesthetics, the environment, and the economy. In most cases, telecommuni- cations services will use existing utility corridors and public rights-of-way, and will be able to provide services to all parts of the City.The City encourages the shared use of space for telecommunication infrastructure projects within the street right-of-way and for telecommunication infrastructure opportunities. The City's infrastructure investment and aesthetic quality should be protected from unnecessary degradation caused by the construction of telecommunica- tions infrastructure. Approach to the Public and Private Utilities Element CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES Developing and Supporting New Technologies New technology offers new opportunities to bring high speed Internet access to the City. Ensuring that quality, affordable Internet connectivity is available will further the City's goal of economic growth. The City will need to work to ensure that there are not excessive visual impacts and that access is not limited to select areas of the City.A balanced permitting process will help encourage deployment of high speed telecommunications infrastructure while protecting neighborhood character. 8-139 Some of Spokane Valley's utilities infrastructure is aging and will require repairs and replacement over the next 20 years. The costs of replacing utility infrastructure may be substantial for each utility and may take years for planning and implementation. Each utility has strategies and plans for funding and building the necessary improvements. Accommodating Future Demand Increased demand will require investment to build new facilities. As demand increases, which may be a likely outcome of continued population and employment growth, non-City utility providers will need to plan for new or improved facilities and residents may turn to providers for expertise in energy efficiency. Protecting Neighborhood Character It is important to ensure that new and expanding utility facilities are sensitive to neighborhood character.Some utilities have the potential to create significant incompatibilities with Spokane Valley neighborhoods. Such sensitivity factors as proximity to residential neighborhoods,visual access, and expansion within or beyond an existing facility border should be considered in identifying potential incompatibilities. COMMUNITYAND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT PRIORITIES Accommodating New Development Ongoing economic development efforts will lead to new private development projects in Spokane Valley. For these projects to be viable, utilities must ensure sufficient capacity and reliable delivery for future tenants. Spokane Valley's focus on catalytic projects also involve development at scales that may require explicit utilities planning. Investing In Key Corridors Economic development relies on selling Spokane Valley to potential business owners, employees, and residents. The aesthetic appearance of gateways and corridors is one component of these marketing efforts. Substations, overhead wires, and other quotidian components of utilities infrastructure can affect 8-140 the experiential quality of Spokane Valley's neighborhoods and commercial areas. Therefore, to the extent possible, the City should support efforts by private utilities to locate infrastructure in practical but unobtrusive areas.This may involve the continuation of current efforts to limit the placement of telecommunications facilities within rights-of-way. BEST PRACTICES Undergrounding Utilities Undergrounding utilities is a best practice in utilities planning and the City is interested in this process. The City should support efforts by private utilities to underground utilities infrastructure and should include undergrounding in future franchising negotiations. Evaluating Life-Cycle Costs In evaluating both public and private investments in utilities infrastructure,the City should encourage decision-makers to assess the life-cycle costs of the proposed improvements. Life-cycle cost analysis will ensure that decisions are based on a long-term assessment and will help the City maintain fiscal responsibility. Encourage Sustainability Tracking Increasingly, private utilities are providing tools to customers to track usage and make informed decisions about their consumption. This can save money for individual consumers, but also improves the long-term sustainability of the City's available resources. Support Use Of Renewable Resources The Energy Independence Act applies to utilities providers with over 25,000 customers and requires covered companies to obtain 15%of their electricity from qualified renewable resources by 2020. Many providers have incorporated these targets into their IRPs,and the City may support these providers in their efforts to meet and exceed renewable energy standards. 8-141 THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY BLANK. 8-142 CHAPTER 9 -"' 4 Parks, Recreation , & Open S r<eturn to Table of Contents Introduction sge4WHY THE PARKS, RECREATION, AND OPEN SPACE ELEMENT IS IMPORTANT The Parks, Recreation, and Open Space, Element provides the backbone to building formal and informal public spaces that support resident and visitor leisure time. The Element provides a formal statement of the City's priorities as they relate to parks, recreation, open space, and art. Parks add to the quality of life for residents and to the value of nearby neighborhoods. The Parks, Recreation, and Open Space in conjunction with other elements of the Comprehensive Plan provide the full range of urban living. PLANNING CONTEXT The City has an adopted Parks, Recreation, and Open Space (PROS) Plan.The PROS Plan was developed to comply with the Washington Recreation and Conservation Office's planning guidelines in order to maintain grant eligibility. The PROS Plan was also based on an extensive public engagement program that included stakeholder interviews,workshops,an open house, and a survey.The PROS Plan provides the direction,goals,policies,and implementation measures for parks and recreation within the City. The PROS Plan is adopted within this Comprehensive Plan by reference, and is included as an appendix of this document. REFERENCES KEY The GMA requires cities to consider as part of the development of their • Refers to other section comprehensive plans the goal to "Retain open space, enhance recreation x-xx in plan opportunities, conserve fish and wildlife habitat, increase access to natural resource lands and water,and develop parks and recreation facilities!' Refers to other Spokane SV Valley plans and official The GMA,in RCW 36.70A.070(9),also requires a Parks and Recreation Element documents be included in comprehensive plans.Specifically,the GMA requires the element to include: Refers to other Onon-Spokane Valley • Estimates of park and recreation demand for at least a 10-year period. references for further • Evaluation of facilities and service needs. reading • Evaluation of intergovernmental coordination opportunities to provide regional approaches for meeting park and recreation demand. 9-144 However, the requirement to include a Parks and Recreation element in the Comprehensive Plan is conditioned on the State Legislature providing funding. As of 2016, the Legislature has not provided such funding. The City adopts by reference the City of Spokane Valley Parks and Recreation Master Plan as amended,which meets the GMA the mandates listed above. While not required of the Parks, Recreation, and Open Space Element, the GMA, in RCW 36.70A.160, requires that cities identify open space corridors, including land useful for recreation, wildlife habitat, trails, and critical areas. While the Natural Environment Element identifies wildlife habitat and critical areas, the Parks and Recreation Master Plan identifies the Spokane River, drainage corridors,and the Centennial and Appleway Trails as recreation assets. Current Conditions Spokane Valley's parks system consists of developed formal parks,undeveloped natural areas, and trails. Throughout the City there are a mix of park types available for residents and visitors, including neighborhood, community, large urban parks, and special use areas like pet parks, equestrian facilities, and a dance hall. The City also has a very small number of undeveloped sites to meet future recreational need. The City's adopted PROS Plan provides a full accounting of the City's park system, levels of service standards, park users, and improvement priorities.The PROS Plan also includes a financing plan that identifies how to pay for the improvements. Figure 50 provides a summary of the park system,identifying the park type and The PROS Plan is available amenities.The PROS Plan provides additional detail about each park SV available at www. and/or area. spokanevalley.org. The PROS Plan not only identified the exiting physical conditions and inventory //�/////� / of park facilities within the City, it also used an extensive public process to identify park needs.Some to the key findings from the PROS Plan are identified below to illustrate the support the community has for parks, recreation, and open space. • Partnership - The City Parks and Recreation Department maintains an excellent relationship with schools and private sports program providers. The Parks and Recreation Department should continue these mutually beneficial relationships and work towards developing joint use agreements with the schools. 9-145 Return to Table of Contents Figure 50. Summary of Park Conditions Source:City of Spokane Valley LEGEND Y Park Component Exists a o v T Component Not Present u co `^ N Q _ _° O v — 7 v o.0 — to a) C 'U P Swimming Pool -a a° v Q � v Q ns c 0 u_ ii = co co S Splash Pad Ti) p v °c v a E U o U o CO Q o Ta Q �` 1° v o - _o - E m v c -a Y a .� = -a o c a) a c v u c 0 3 a v co co s a) c o 6 o- (r) 2 cn cn O H cn m a cn a a a Z a = Q w NEIGHBORHOOD PARK Balfour Park(2.8 acres) - - - Y - Y - Y - Y Y - - - - - - Browns Park(8.2 acres) Y Y - Y - Y - Y Y Y Y - - - - - - Castle Park (2.7 acres) - - - Y - - - - - - - - - - - - - Edgecliff Park(4.7 acres) Y Y - Y Y - Y Y Y Y Y - - - - - - Greenacres Park(8.3 acres) - Y S Y - - - Y Y Y Y Y - - - - - Terrace View Park(9.2 acres) Y Y P Y - - Y Y Y Y Y - - - - - - COMMUNITY PARKS Sullivan Park(16.1 acres) - - - Y - - - - Y Y Y - Y - Y - - Valley Mission Park (24 acres) Y Y P Y Y - Y Y Y Y Y - - - - - Y LARGE URBAN PARKS Mirabeau Point Park(42.0 acres) • Discovery Playground - - S Y - - - Y Y Y Y Y Y Y - Y - • Mirabeau Meadows • Mirabeau Springs SPECIAL USE FACILITIES CenterPlace(13.6 acres) - - - - - - - - - - Y - - - Y - - Park Road Pool(2.0 acres) - - P - - - - - - - Y - - - - - - Western Dance Hall(Sullivan Park) - - - - - - - - - - Y - - - - - - TRAILS AND LINEAR PARKS Centennial Trail - - - - - - - - - - Y Y Y - - - - ApplewayTrail - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - NATURAL OPEN SPACE AREAS Myrtle Point Park(31.1 acres) - - - - - - - - - - - Y Y - - - - UNDEVELOPED LANDS Valley Mission Park South(7.2 acres) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Balfour Park Extension(8.4 acres) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 9-146 • Spokane River - The Spokane River is an asset to the community and while there are a number of access locations, additional access should Critical areas and be considered to realize the full potential. Consideration for increased associated buffers,as connectivity between parks via the river and water trail is important. described in the Natural Resources Element, • Neighborhood Parks - Providing park access to neighborhood kids should % • 10-155 supplement the open be the Parks and Recreation Department's "highest calling!' Ensuring that j space networks all areas of the community have park land accessible should be an important described in this priority. chapter. • Economic Development - Access to parks or trails provides development and investment incentives, and most people like to live and/or work near parks.The City should consider taking advantage of sports-related tourism by providing tournament quality facilities such as artificial turf and lighting. The City should also consider creating a set of park sign standards to help "brand"the Parks and Recreation Department. • Facility Types - Generally the type of facilities available are adequate. However, some facilities such as the horse arena at Valley Mission Park Pk and the Western Dance Hall may be under used and some modern facility .*'' types such as skate parks and pet parks are unavailable. The City should n consider new modern facility types and perhaps repurposing older facility types. F � _ ' ' ' Discovery Playground is a valued community amenitiy. • Acquisition -As the City becomes more urban, there will be an increased need for parkland especially to underserved areas.The amount of parkland available is inadequate to meet present and future needs, especially as it relates to open space and athletic fields, but also important is parkland with unique natural features or natural resources. • Management- Parks managed by the Spokane Valley Parks and Recreation Department are highly satisfactory to Spokane Valley residents. Residents also felt the parks are clean and well-maintained. • Design - Park design should be flexible and be able to adapt to foreseeable changes in recreating needs and/or desires. 9-147 Approach to the Parks, Recreation, and Open Space Element CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES The PROS Plan does not specifically identify challenges and opportunities; however,based on the public process used in developing this plan in conjunction with the needs analysis and goals of the PROS Plan, several challenges and opportunities can be identified. Enhance Outdoor Recreation The City of Spokane Valley offers unmatched access to the Spokane River. The majority of the nearly 10 miles of shoreline is publically owned, most this ownership is by Washington State Parks. The Centennial Trail offers a paved 1111111111.1111 shared-use path that is grade separated for most of the Spokane River's path through the City. Increased formal access points to the Spokane River, like at Myrtle Point near CenterPlace, as well as increasing opportunities for north-south connections to the Spokane River and Centennial Trail is an important opportunity for this plan. Support Sports And Leisure Activities Youth sports is important to the City of Spokane Valley. There are two major youth sports activity centers near the City of Spokane Valley, Plante's Ferry and the Hub. Plante's Ferry offers outdoor sports with soccer and softball fields and the Hub offers indoor sports, volleyball, and basketball. Additionally, the City owns and operates eight sand volleyball courts and uses its established { relationships with local school districts to support and supply youth sports The Centennial Trail is an active shared use path activities. While some opportunities exist to provide additional fields locally, that residents value. the City also supports improvements and expansions of regional sports centers like Plante's Ferry and the Hub. Develop Tourist Attractions The City of Spokane Valley owns a few unique recreation assets that are underused or undeveloped, like the horse arena at Mission Park, vacant property adjacent to Balfour Park, or vacant shoreline lands. Identifying opportunities for these sites is a priority and each could help expand the City's tourist attractions like a visitor's center, farmers' market, or a whitewater course with associated park. 9-148 The City of Spokane Valley was developed at suburban densities, an important feature loved by residents.While the City has a number of neighborhood scale parks,there are areas that don't have access to park land,especially in the north part of the City. Opportunities for neighborhood scale parks are limited, so smaller scale park facilities may offer park space to residents.Additionally, the non-motorized travel network is limited and providing non-motorized access to parks will continue to be a challenge in the future. COMMUNITYAND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT PRIORITIES Parks are often an immediate top-of-mind thought when residents think of services the City provides, and improving and maintaining them are typically a priority for residents. Parks and recreation are often an introduction to the community for visitors, and these amenities encourage visitors to stay longer. Thus, parks, recreation, open space, and the arts play a key role in being both a community priority, from a resident's perspective, and an economic development priority,from a tourist perspective. Improve the City's Image and Identity Parks and recreation facilities can be a sales pitch for the community to visitors, and the quality of these facilities and inherent recreation assets can therefore improve the image of Spokane Valley and build its brand. The following priorities represent opportunities to use parks, recreation, and open spaces to strengthen the City's image: • Strengthen and improve Spokane Valley's image and identity by improving the City's key gateways, similar to the improvements made at Sprague Avenue and Appleway Boulevard near 1-90. Take advantage of public property to create a sense of place, letting visitors and residents know they've arrived in the City of Spokane Valley. • Leverage local and regional assets like the Centennial and Appleway Trails, the Spokane River,and community parks. Ensure that the goals and policies take advantage of regional recreational assets that visitors and residents use,and find ways to enhance their use and extend visitor stays. • Expand the City's role in existing events, regionally and locally. Look for ways to increase exposure for local destinations that are overlooked or underused. Promote expanded athletic events held in and around the City. 9-149 • Grow Spokane Valley's market share of tourism by investing in new tourist attractions that support the recreational and open space assets and values of the City. • Enhance and develop opportunities to support the local and regional arts. BEST PRACTICES Coordinate with Recreation Providers Coordinating efforts and investments with other recreation providers may ensure efficient service provision where possible,and also offers an opportunity to expand the City's network of recreation-related open spaces. Use Multifunctional Infrastructure Where possible and when feasible, investing in infrastructure pieces that play more than one role can increase the return on the City's investment and decrease maintenance costs. 9-150 iC ) CHAPTER 10 Natural Resources r<eturn to Table of Contents Introduction 11 WHY THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT ELEMENT IS IMPORTANT The Natural Environment Element combines several environmental topics, including critical areas (wetlands, aquifer recharge areas, fish and wildlife habitat areas, frequently flooded areas, and geologically hazardous areas), surface water quality and quantity,shorelines,and air quality. The diversity of Spokane Valley's natural environment is illustrated by ecosystems that range from the foothills of Mt. Spokane to the low-lying Rathdrum Prairie floodplains along the Spokane River. This diversity supports a broad spectrum of wildlife, from the moose of Mt. Spokane to the interior red-band trout in the Spokane River. Throughout the region, lakes, rivers, wetlands, and associated riparian areas provide linkages and corridors for wildlife. Spokane Valley's natural environment also includes the Spokane Valley/Rathdrum Prairie Aquifer(SVRP), one of the most productive aquifers in the United States. Spokane Valley's economic development success in recent years is partially attributable to natural amenities that make the area beautiful and supply it with an array of recreation opportunities.The purpose of this chapter is to coordinate planning efforts to protect,preserve,and enhance this unique natural environment. By ensuring the availability of clean air and water and preserving critical areas / and natural features, Spokane Valley will continue to grow as a healthy, REFERENCES KEY sustainable,and inviting community. • Refers to other section PLANNING CONTEXT x-xx in plan Balancing the conservation and protection of the natural environment with Refers to other Spokane population growth, economic development goals, and increasing recreational CI Valley plans and official access is a key purpose of statewide planning rules and regulations. Direction documents is provided through statewide planning goals, the GMA, and the Shoreline Management Act(SMA).Statewide Planning Goal 10(RCW 36.70A020)instructs Refers to other jurisdictions to:"Protect the environment and enhance the state's high quality of life, non-Spokane Valley & including air and water quality,and the availability of water." jreferences for further reading 10-152 The GMA requires local governments to adopt ordinances that limit development in and near environmentally sensitive areas, which it refers to as critical areas. Critical areas include wetlands, aquifer recharge areas, fish and wildlife habitat, frequently flooded areas, and geologically hazardous areas. During municipal incorporation in 2003, the City adopted Spokane County's Critical Areas Ordinance(CAO)as an interim measure to regulate development in and near critical areas and thereby comply with the GMA. The City has prepared an updated CAO to provide regulations that are specific to the City's unique natural environment.This Natural Environment Element of the Spokane Valley Comprehensive Plan provides the foundation for the CAO and other municipal plans and regulations,and provides context for the establishment of goals and policies related the City's natural environments. Notably for Spokane Valley, all lands within the City are already characterized by urban growth, limiting the City's obligations under RCW 36.70A.170.The only resource lands extant in the City are mineral resource lands,which have been designated and are discussed in this element. Pursuant to the GMA, the City is required to designate natural resource lands and critical areas. Critical areas are discussed in more detail below. With regard to natural resources, pursuant to RCW 36.70A.170, the City is required to designate "where appropriate...[a]gricultural lands...[f]orestlands...[and] [m] ineral resource lands that are not already characterized by urban growth and that have long-term significance for the extraction of minerals...." Further, pursuant to RCW 36.70A.060, the City is required to adopt development regulations to ensure conservation of mineral resource lands designated pursuant to RCW 36.70A.170. During its first update, the City did not designate any mineral resource lands and further, it has not designated any mineral resource lands since 2006. However, the consideration of mineral resource land designation is an important one for the City,as the City currently has several existing active surface (sand and gravel) mines. These take up significant acreage and even with appropriate reclamation planning, create long-term impacts that can limit or preclude future industrial, commercial, or other productive use of the site, even after the mine closes. Although the City has existing mines and desires to allow those uses to continue, the City has determined not to designate any mineral resource lands at this time as such designation is not appropriate due to the extensive urban characteristics surrounding the mines and the wide availability of the gravel within the region as described further below. 10-153 Current Conditions The majority of Spokane Valley is developed for residential, commercial, or industrial uses. Above ground, undeveloped natural areas within the City are generally located along the Spokane River and local streams, including associated riparian areas and wetlands. Natural, undeveloped areas are also found on forested cliffs and steep slopes, open areas between the Spokane River and Trent Avenue east of Millwood, and public parks such Mirabeau Point Park and Sullivan Park. These natural environments provide important recreational and scenic amenities to the City, as well as habitat for fish, birds, and terrestrial wildlife. Additionally, the majority of the City is underlain by an extensive,sole-source aquifer that provides high quality drinking water and provides some return flows to the Spokane River. The aquifer moves through alluvium deposited by historic flood events. These layers of sand, gravel, clay, and silt provide mineral resources, which are actively mined at various gravel quarries within the City. Natural areas are protected by various federal, state, and local plans or laws. This section describes the current condition of natural areas in the City within the context of these laws, which regulate critical areas, surface water, air quality,and shoreline areas. MINERAL RESOURCE LANDS The City has undertaken an extensive review process to determine the availability, need, and appropriateness for mineral resource designation and protection within the City. It has conducted interviews with stakeholders; reviewed mineral resource needs due to estimated future construction utilizing information obtained from USGS, Department of Natural Resources, stakeholders,WSDOT,and Spokane County;reviewed access to and availability of mineral resources through materials provided by the Department of Natural Resources;and has analyzed the current urban characteristics surrounding the existing mines within the City. Based on data from the Department of Natural Resources, the City currently has 18 permitted surface mines with five of them having an active status and the remainder an inactive status. The permitted area of the active mines totals 465 acres. The mined sand and gravel is used extensively in construction projects around the region. Reclamation for the closed mines generally consists of landscape planting and some reshaping of the slopes. Several of the mines have deep excavations that have exposed the SVRP Aquifer. The 10-154 areas around the open mines generally consist of urban areas with developed industrial and heavy commercial uses, although one newer mine (Eden Pit No. 55-06) has open land to its north that is currently zoned for industrial use. All but one (Eden Pit No. 55-06) of the existing active mines have been in operation since the City's incorporation. Other than permitting mining in the heavy industrial zone, the City has not had additional protective regulations for the mines as it did not designate any mineral resource lands in the 2006 Comprehensive Plan. Due to the urban growth immediately surrounding the mines, additional protections for mining could likely negatively impact other existing industrial and commercial uses. The mines within the City are but a small part of the extensive approximately 73 active mines within the County. Mining is common throughout the region due to the extensive deep flood deposits of high quality sand and gravel and similar alluvium that compose SVRP Aquifer which are easily accessed due to the typically very thin overburden. Additionally, there are numerous rock mines within the County. These flood deposits extend from Lake Pend Oreille on the east to the West Plains west of the City of Spokane. Accordingly, there are adequate options for gravel mining outside of the City and indeed such mining has and is already occurring. CRITICAL AREAS Per the GMA, jurisdictions are required to protect critical areas through the adoption of policies and regulations. Critical areas include: (a) wetlands; (b) areas with a critical recharging effect on aquifers used for domestic purposes; (c)fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas;(d)frequently flooded areas;and (e)geologically hazardous areas. Spokane Valley recognizes the importance of protecting the ecological functions and societal values provided by critical areas.These natural systems play valuable roles in stormwater disposal, flood prevention, and water quality preservation, as well as provide recreational opportunities. Protection of critical areas makes economic sense because the alternative is development of expensive engineered systems for protection from floods and geological hazards and for purification of drinking water,or regulations that are restrictive and expensive to implement, as necessary to restore declining populations of sensitive species. 10-155 Return to Table of Contents WETLANDS There are few wetlands in the City(Figure 51); however, each plays a valuable role in providing aquatic habitat, preserving water quality, and maintaining water storage.Wetland types in the City include marshes, prairies,shrublands, forests,and vegetated ponds. By storing floodwaters,wetlands reduce flooding and downstream erosion, trap and absorb sediments, and help protect water quality. Furthermore, wetlands discharge water to aquifers and streams, help replenish groundwater, and maintain base flows of surface water systems. In addition to these water quality and water storage functions, wetlands also provide habitat that is locally limited for birds, mammals, amphibians, reptiles, Figure 51. Map of City of Spokane Valley Hydrology Sources:City of Spokane Valley(2016);Community Attributes Inc.(2016);AECOM (2016) tir i;. IL.,.... ,...,_ ..„ ....... .., i. _. 40Arellireider,i-_ 'J , r olerFel�Field r12 1 I. N 1. jr,..L-• „,........_ rr _ , __ x_ — TM ..___ __ " EPAsvmhhr i x+. - _1 - _ h I : l I ` _ LlMrrty Lalli -ki niti 4 -j_if_. I E9asehayAu 7 'i I 11 Elprorit-Awr . O _ Yahry Ni. 5p r • I ... ' Hydro gkal Zones&Ftood Hazard pfe r '` Municipal Boundaries a �Spo4gnc dally f L Ateet d `- �cVall iFfnantKiwi hPara;tlCrk. ' —' 'WAD-clineM;nlrr Pim Buffer 7aic bi ram- AI �. WetlandTI' I. !.[ltIir vrei ra v F I I * *. .en Pi ' —ce...,,st.in 0A ,� ,. IN In' rQ Qp! FP d Hasard&nes , IttArrwail Ch rce od Flmrfi!- rt =A-1.96cIr F kCStra9FT- 41^ r : !A EatargFl of 2 10-156 insects, and occasionally fish. Most wetlands within the City are associated with streams, Shelley Lake, or historical mining.They tend to be most affected by runoff from adjacent roadways and developed residential and commercial lands. Wetland quality is assessed by a wetland rating system developed by the Washington State Department of Ecology in 2004. In planning for development in or near wetlands, the City strives to ensure that the critical functions of wetlands are not impacted, or, if impacts cannot be avoided, that they are compensated for elsewhere as part of the development project. FREQUENTLY FLOODED AREAS Frequently flooded areas are lands in the floodplain subject to a one-percent or greater chance of flooding in any given year.These areas include, but are not limited to, streams, rivers, lakes,sink areas, major natural drainageways, and wetlands.They are natural physical features of a watershed that play an important role in stormwater storage and disposal. Maintenance of the natural function of these areas protects residences,structures,and infrastructure and reduces the need to construct flood control facilities.These areas are designated by the Federal Emergency Management Agency(FEMA)as the 100-year floodplain and are shown in Figure 49.The City supports improved modeling of floodplains and floodways that minimize constraints on affected land uses.The City actively works to facilitate floodplain mapping updates. The City regulates floodplain development in accordance with chapter 21.30 SVMC Floodplain Regulations. Any development on a parcel located within a special flood hazard area requires a floodplain permit. Areas with known floodplain issues include Forker Draw and the Glenrose drainage area.Spokane County is actively working to reduce flooding in the Glenrose Watershed, which presents an opportunity for coordinated flood hazard reduction. SURFACE WATER Water quality and quantity influences the domestic,economic,and recreational quality,and maintains the natural environments of Spokane Valley. Historically, clean water has been taken for granted. As growth and development have increased, so have problems associated with maintaining water quality and quantity. Industry, business, agriculture, commercial, and residential development all contribute to reduced water quality and quantity. To ensure that water quality and storage capacity are maintained as the City continues to grow and develop, a comprehensive approach must be taken to ensure future water quality and quantity. 10-157 Return to Table of Contents / Spokane Valley has a limited number of surface water bodies, which include Additional information the Spokane River and Shelley Lake. The Spokane River provides the region about the Spokane with significant economic, recreation,wildlife habitat, and aesthetic value.The River Water Quality Spokane River is included in the State's "303d" inventory as having impaired OImprovement Projects is water quality for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorod- available at: htip://www. ibenzo dioxin lead, and zinc within Spokane Valley.To address these issues, p- p- p ecy.wa.gov/programs/ the Washington Department of Ecology and other agencies have ongoing wq/tmdl/spokaneriver/. water quality improvement projects in the Spokane River, and the Spokane ///////////////// River Regional Toxics Task Force was established in January 2012. There are currently Total Maximum Daily Load projects for dissolved oxygens, dissolved metals,and PCBs. The use of the Spokane River as a receiving water for sewage effluent discharges and stormwater runoff makes it an important resource for waste assimilation. The increased impervious area resulting from development changes the amount and the quality of runoff water.If left unmanaged,discharges of stormwater can cause flooding and water quality degradation, especially in water bodies like the Spokane River that are already impaired. Long-term solutions to stormwater problems require creative problem solving on a case-by-case basis. In areas where development has already occurred, much of the natural stormwater system may be altered so that it no longer functions effectively. In these areas, stormwater regulations should target redevelopment, voluntary treatment enhancements, wetland conservation, and capital improvements in City treatment facilities. In areas where wetlands are filled or natural drainageways are altered, the cost of replacing natural water quality treatment functions with engineered stormwater treatment facilities can be substantial. In currently developing areas where stormwater disposal has not yet become a problem, it is important to preserve the natural drainageways and pervious characteristics of the landscape to prevent problems from occurring as a result of future development. SHORELINES Waters with a mean annual flow of greater than 20 cubic feet per second (in the case of flowing water) or an area greater than 20 acres (in the case of standing water) are considered Shorelines of the State and are subject to the Shoreline Management Act (SMA). Within the City, the Spokane River and Shelley Lake are the only two Shorelines of the State managed under the City of Spokane Valley Shoreline Master Program (SMP). The extent of SMP jurisdiction includes the body of water together with an adjacent strip 10-158 of land 200 feet wide, measured landward from the ordinary high water mark (common high water line of stream or lake). Note that other waters within the City, including Saltese Creek and Chester Creek, although not regulated under the City's SMP, are important water resources and are protected under the City's CAO regulations as fish and wildlife habitat.The SMP also protects any additional critical areas within shoreline areas. This Comprehensive Plan does not propose changes to the SMP. The GMA(RCW 36.70A.480) requires that cities include the goals and policies of the adopted SMP in the Comprehensive Plan.The City's comprehensive SMP update was approved by the Department of Ecology in August 2015.The update revised the existing shoreline program,including the goals,policies,regulations, shoreline environment designations (SEDs), administrative procedures, and definitions.Due to the length of the SMP goals and policies,they are adopted by reference in the Comprehensive Plan and can be viewed on the Department of Ecology's website. However, this section describes the overarching goal of the SMA, and the SEDs in an effort to summarize the plan for managing the City's shorelines. The overarching goal of the SMA is to prevent the inherent harm in uncoordinated and piecemeal development of the state's shorelines.Shorelines are among the most ecologically productive and fragile of environments in the City. The intent of the City's SMP is to foster reasonable and appropriate use of the shorelines while protecting their natural character, preserving the ecology and resources, improving public access, and increasing recreational opportunities for the public. The SEDs developed for the SMP are based on existing land use patterns, the biological and physical character of the shoreline,and the goals and aspirations of the City. SEDs are analogous to zoning designations for areas within the shoreline jurisdiction. SEDs provide a uniform basis for applying policies and use regulations within each designation, and SEDs are intended to encourage appropriate uses and activities while providing for protection and restoration of shoreline ecological functions. It is anticipated that reasonable standards, restrictions, and prohibitions on shoreline developments will be instituted as shoreline regulations. This is necessary so that shoreline development will reasonably protect existing uses and shoreline character and ensure "no net loss" of shoreline ecological functions is achieved. Characteristics and general management policies for each of the designations can be found in the SMP. Spokane Valley is unique in its application of shoreline regulations with regard 10-159 to riparian setbacks. Rather than applying generic shoreline setback widths as other cities have done, riparian setbacks in Spokane Valley are based on existing or potential high-quality shoreline resources that should be conserved to ensure no net loss of shoreline ecological functions. Additional information AQUIFER RECHARGE AREAS is available at the The SVRP Aquifer supplies potable water to most of the residents of Spokane Spokane Valley-Rath- County. The aquifer and associated recharge areas underlie the entire City of Odrum Prairie Aquifer Spokane Valley.The aquifer begins in northern Idaho between Spirit Lake and Atlas -available the south end of Lake Pend Oreille. The aquifer flows south and west under at: http://www. Spokane Valley and downtown Spokane. The aquifer then turns north and spokanecounty.org. discharges into the Little Spokane River.Aquifer deposits range from 150 feet to more than 600 feet in depth. ///////////////////////////////////////////// Due to concerns regarding the maintenance of water quality of the aquifer, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency designated the SVRP Aquifer a "Sole Source Aquifer"in 1978.The aquifer was only the second in the nation to receive such a designation.Although the aquifer provides high quality drinking water,it is highly susceptible to contamination due to the underlying geology of the area, which consists of sandy, gravelly glacial outwash that allows surface water to infiltrate rapidly. The aquifer is dynamic, with close to one billion gallons of water flowing into and out of the system each day.The Spokane River provides about 49% of the aquifer inflow and 59% of the aquifer outflow.The Spokane River stretch through Spokane Valley is primarily a gaining reach, where the river gains water from the aquifer. Since 1977, 50 monitoring wells in Washington and 28 wells in Idaho have been installed to monitor the impacts of land surface activities over the aquifer. The primary concern in the aquifer has been nitrate, which may cause health problems above certain levels in drinking water. Septic systems, fertilizer, and stormwater are typically major contributors to elevated nitrate levels in the aquifer. Ongoing programs, including stormwater management and installation of sewers, have decreased nitrate levels in the aquifer. Monitoring efforts indicate that contaminants have reached the aquifer; however, the aquifer water quality remains very good.' FISH AND WILDLIFE HABITAT Fishing and the observation of wildlife are valued recreational activities that contribute to the local economy and quality of life in Spokane Valley. Priority fish and wildlife habitat areas, as designated by the Washington Department 10-160 of Fish and Wildlife(Figure 52),are considered critical areas and are necessary for both native resident and seasonal migratory animal species. Habitat conservation areas may include open areas with species richness, breeding habitat, winter range, migration corridors, and habitats that are of limited availability or high vulnerability to alteration,such as cliffs,talus,and wetlands. Chester Creek and Saltese Creek do not fall within the state's shoreline jurisdiction, but they contain valuable riparian habitat that provides shade, food,and cover for fish and wildlife species.The Washington State Department of Natural Resources Water Typing maps identify these streams as containing fish. These streams, and other unnamed drainages generally infiltrate into the ground before reaching the Spokane River above ground.This means that they Figure 52. Priority Species and Habitat Areas Sources:City of Spokane Valley(2016);Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife; Community Attributes Inc.(2016) ': R.., Mt30s€; rt f MYARAJJv Noll nom T ' !r xr� INF 0ITF Tarn 1,; r r i , al rrS,'0.Ekrr5 str GY.ro- IE£sF a�E �: E — __s_ _ - dwY "__ ,Frits II 'i .# 7q^' ij L 7,71.!..a ,u _ raj 90 I - rY batt ---17 I¢ EC i los f? sviesitz 1 ui F rIrmscrvr d•• , ffer _ p , Fa�Arm _ rx �ti ' •- r) - �� ah�hrd d I - --- fl ' 4 I LIMA IL4IIIIIAL {}°,PR$lAE9 9 ri t STEPPE F I NOR TNWESr !I! i�7'' ! �hGIrERFOXSQ Nr}!rr€TAILED }" ergker ,arlilkS LIRB N [ICER E .I: NAIIR2Ar i]F'rM l I F9_o��nA SH HAMS WALL 1A ROCKY fir 1 /r NUJfJFA1rr 1- 4 ' ' /, Click to open RrlorityHabitats aed5prdesMICEINIAIN I1OCR''' o r interactive map! mun,ripal k€: n arirs tiR GLH r../,, r , ROCKY Mal AJk I##S ._4-. t.PVra:Ur,.. tPlfljrr } raIRIr Iwesr —�, 1. �.: -i: _4__ :r..1..: --p 4' r ,pr 9 IF3 2 TITE WEE i 10-161 return to Table of Contenrs provide important aquifer recharge functions and that, if contaminated, they could contaminate the aquifer. Urban landscaping, parks,and open spaces supplement fish and wildlife habitat areas by providing cover, food, or nest areas for a wide variety of wildlife.The loss of natural wildlife habitat to urban development can be partially offset by landscaping that includes a variety of native plants that provide food and shelter for wildlife. GEOLOGICALLY HAZARDOUS AREAS Geologically hazardous areas are areas that because of their susceptibility to erosion, sliding, earthquakes, or other geological events are not suited for development. Geologically hazardous areas include both erosion and landslide hazard areas where one or more of the following exist: • A slope of 25%or greater. • Soils identified by the Natural Resource Conservation Service as having a severe potential for erosion. • Hydraulic factors such as existing on-site surface and groundwater or changes in hydraulic factors caused by proposals that create a severe potential for erosion or landslide hazard. • Areas that historically have been prone to landslide,which include active fault lines, areas adjacent to lakes, streams, springs, or any one of the following geologic formations:alluvium, landslide deposit, or Latah formation. • Areas of uncompacted fill. • Areas that are unstable as a result of rapid stream or stream bank erosion. Figure 53 depicts the location of geologically hazardous areas within and adjacent to Spokane Valley. AIR QUALITY Air quality in the Spokane Valley region is affected by both human and natural causes. Human activities, including automobile use, wood stove use, and industrial and agricultural operations generate airborne substances that can affect air quality. In addition, the entire region has been affected substantially by windblown dust from the central portion of the state. The Spokane Valley 10-162 Figure 53. Map of Geological Hazards Sources:City of Spokane Valley(2016);CommunityAttributes Inc (2016) 2� ~ :44"--('' j';1/4';');''''',./ ..„,v42.,,l'./ ir= ie ..J. VP) ' ,,.i. .7,41X,/ 47", — ... .. 17-. I.Mealy Lain ,JitEk.. z Dm 11 1 , L'Illick // .....,,Vd.,.,..:N ''' I ,ipp;': J -6-4,,.. ? , it" is also a natural basin in which air pollution is trapped and concentrated by an occasional temperature inversion (a situation in which lighter warm air overlies heavier cool air). A variety of air pollution control strategies have been employed across the region. The strategies include auto emission inspections, restrictions on open burning, wood stove certification and restriction on wood stove use when pollution levels are high, oxygenated fuels for cars, road paving, use of chemical deicers as an alternative to road sanding,and others.These measures combined with cleaner-burning cars have significantly improved the region's air quality. However, traffic volumes continue to increase, which could lead to degradation of air quality in the future. Air quality is inextricably linked to land use and transportation patterns. The 1o'16a Return to Table of Contents challenge presented to the region is to balance land use, transportation, and air quality in such a way that the community can continue to grow and prosper without compromising quality of life. Approach to the Natural Resources Element CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES The primary challenge for Spokane Valley is to protect the City's natural environment while allowing for human use and economic growth. Without established codes and policies for the designation and protection of important natural resource areas,developers may not see the benefit of protecting natural resources, incorporating LID measures, and preserving valuable ecological functions such as water storage and treatment. Challenges specific to the City include: • Maintaining water quality and flows in the Spokane River. • Preventing contamination of the City's high quality groundwater and providing for adequate aquifer recharge. • Managing stormwater to minimize flooding and the impairment of surface waters. • Ensuring adequate protection of natural resources while supporting new development. • Developing resource conservation plans based on limited or inaccurate natural resource inventory data layers. • Maintaining air quality as the population increases. Managing Mineral Resource Lands Due to the urban development that has occurred within the City adjacent to the existing mines and the wide availability of the mineral resource outside of the City, the City has determined to not designate mineral resource lands at this time. However, it is a priority of the City to continue to allow the existing mines to continue to operate within their existing property, as such use has occurred historically without negatively impacting surrounding industrial uses and it contributes to the City's economy. 10-164 Conservation of Resources Conservation land uses provide opportunities to benefit both humans and fish and wildlife. For example, protecting wetlands and natural habitats will benefit fish and wildlife as well as human recreational opportunities. Managing stormwater runoff, aquifer recharge areas, and geologically hazardous areas will also help reduce the potential for property damage and protect drinking water quality. A protected and healthy natural environment can also attract new businesses by offering desirable aesthetics and recreation opportunities. Specific opportunities include: • Partnering with county and state government partners to pool watershed and stormwater planning resources. • Mineral resources are sufficiently abundant within the region such that the industry can continue to prosper within the City without the need to designate lands solely for this land use. • The City has the opportunity to develop updated data inventory layers, including wetland and stream mapping,and fish presence assessments. • Planning for habitat conservation and restoration in public parks and open spaces can improve aesthetics and habitat quality for local native wildlife. • Improved floodplain delineation mapping may free up developable land uses that are no longer constrained by the cost of floodplain insurance. COMMUNITYAND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT PRIORITIES Leveraging Natural Assets The community and economic development priorities can be strategically linked to natural environment protections.A healthy, robust natural environment can improve the quality of life, which will attract new businesses and residents. Development should not be allowed to encroach into critical areas, and effective measures should be encouraged to minimize impacts to water quality and quantity. 10-165 Return to Table of Contents BEST PRACTICES Incorporating Stormwater Best Management Practices Incorporating best management practices in stormwater is cost effective and good for water and habitat quality. In the upcoming years, local codes and ordinances will need to incorporate these practices, including low impact development measures,in order to receive a municipal stormwater permit from the Department of Ecology. Mineral resource land designation The City has determined to not designate mineral resource lands at this time. The City will continue to allow the existing mines to operate within their existing property through development regulations. 10-166 Appendix A: SEPA Analysis FACT SHEET NAME OF PROPOSAL The 2017-2037 Comprehensive Plan, Final Environmental Impact Statement (FEIS) and supporting Development Regulations PROPONENT City of Spokane Valley LOCATION The City of Spokane Valley is located in eastern Spokane County between the City of Spokane and the City of Liberty Lake. It is generally located by the coordinates: 47°39'28" N 117°14'52" W. The planning area consists of the City of Spokane Valley's municipal boundaries,totaling approximately 39 square miles. ACTION TAKEN The adoption of the City of Spokane Valley Comprehensive Plan update and supporting development regulations to meet Growth Management Act(GMA)requirements for periodic updates. EIS ALTERNATIVES Two action alternatives meeting the City of Spokane Valley's objectives were analyzed in the Draft Comprehensive Plan/DEIS: Citizen Focus (Alternative 2) and Community Prosperity(Preferred Alternative), and as required by SEPA a No Action Alternative. All the alternatives would accommodate the City's population allocation for 2037 of 14,650 for a total 2037 population of 109,913 without the need for an urban growth area expansion. The action alternatives are described in detail in Appendix A of the Comprehensive Plan/FEIS. Community Prosperity(Preferred Alternative), assumes the implementation of the Citizen Focus Alternative, the preservation of the Low Density Residential designation as presented in the No Action Alternative,and the implementation of community priorities developed in the public visioning process.The key features of this Alternative include: • Rename five land use designations. • Consolidate four land use designations(Medium Density Residential,Office,Community Commercial and Light Industrial)into appropriate existing land use designations. • Create one new land use designation(Industrial Mixed Use). • Create transitional zoning provisions to protect single-family zones from multi-family, commercial,mixed use,and industrial zones. • Allow for a 5,000 square foot lot size in the R-3 zone but retain six units per acre density in order to allow infill within City's unique development pattern. • Propose a corridor Level of Service(LOS)standard in addition to existing intersection LOS standards. Citizen Focus Alternative,assumes the implementation of the Citizen-Initiated Amendment Requests(CARs) related to Land Use Map changes. The CARs process allowed community members to propose changes to the adopted Comprehensive Plan's Land Use Map or to existing policy language. All of the CARs considered for this Alternative are site-specific future Land Use Map amendments. As part of the analysis some of the CARs were expanded to include nearby parcels to avoid creating unique islands of a land use designations. This Alternative also proposes changes to the existing policy framework.The key features of the proposed changes include: • Eliminate redundancies and to create clear and concise policy statements. • New policies to support the City's economic development initiatives. • Allow for a 5,000 square foot lot size in the R-3 zone but retain the six units per acre density in order to allow infill within City's unique development pattern. • Propose a corridor LOS standard in addition to existing intersection LOS standards. The No Action Alternative assumes that existing land use designations and regulations would remain in effect,the existing zoned-density in the City would not be increased and the existing UGA boundary would remain unchanged. This Alternative assumes that development would occur within the City in a manner consistent with previously adopted plans and policies. LEAD AGENCY City of Spokane Valley 11707 East Sprague Avenue Suite 106 Spokane Valley,WA 99216 SEPA RESPONSIBLE OFFICIAL Mike Basinger,AICP,Senior Planner 509-720-5331 mbasinger@spokanevalley.org REQUIRED APPROVALS AND/OR PERMITS The following approvals are required for approval of the Comprehensive Plan, associated development regulation amendments,and DEIS: • Spokane Valley City Council-Adoption. • Spokane Valley City Council-Issue Final EIS. While not necessary for approval for the Comprehensive Plan,the following processes are also required: • Spokane Regional Transportation Council -Transportation Element-certification. • Washington State Department of Community Development-coordination of state comments. • City of Spokane Valley-development and building permit review for any future development proposals. AUTHORS AND PRINCIPAL CONTRIBUTORS TO THIS EIS This City of Spokane Valley Comprehensive Plan/FEIS has been prepared under the direction of the City of Spokane Valley,as SEPA Lead Agency. PREVIOUS ENVIRONMENTAL DOCUMENTS Per WAC 197-11-635,this Draft Comprehensive Plan/FEIS builds upon and incorporates by reference the following environmental documents: • City of Spokane Valley Comprehensive Plan Draft and Final Supplemental EIS,November 4, 2005 • City of Spokane Valley Shoreline Master Program, September 3,2015 DATE OF ADOPTION AN ISSUANCE OF THIS COMPREHENSIVE PLAN/FEIS December 13,2016 SUMMARY OF CHANGES FROM THE DRAFT EIS • Added a policy to support xeriscaping,water conservation,and sustainable park management methods. • Designated parcels 55173.1018 and 55173.1005 as Single Family Residential (SFR)and zone the same parcels as Single Family Residential Urban(R-3)from Multiple Family. • Designated the parcels located in the area south of Bow Avenue,west of Barker Road,north of Sprague Avenue,and east of Greenacres Road as Single Family Residential (SFR)and zone the same parcels as Single Family Residential Urban(R-3)from Corridor Mixed Use. • Removed SVMC 19.40.100(small residential dwellings and small residential dwellings-supportive housing)provisions in Title 19 SVMC. • Amended proposed SVMC 19.70.020 and Table 19.70-1,Residential Standards,to provide for a maximum density of 22 units per acre and a maximum building height of 50 feet in the Multifamily Residential (MFR)zone. • Amend proposed SVMC 22.70.070(D)adding language to provide that full screening is required when a multifamily project abuts a single family residential use in multifamily zones. • Designate parcel 45091.9100 as Mixed Use(MU)and zone the same parcel as Mixed Use(MU). • Minor updates per comments from the Washington State Department of Transportation,Spokane Regional Transportation Council,and Spokane Transit Authority. • Minor modifications and grammatical corrections as proposed by City staff. AVAILABILITY OF THE COMPREHENSIVE PLAN/FEIS AND SUPPORTING REGULATIONS Notice of Availability and copies of the Comprehensive Plan/FEIS and supporting development regulations have been distributed to agencies,organizations,and individuals noted on the Distribution List (Section 3.3 of this document). The complete 2017-2037 Comprehensive Plan, FEIS,and supporting regulations are available for download at the project website:www.spokanevalley.org/CP. Copies of these documents are also available for public review at the following location: Spokane Valley City Hall 11707 East Sprague Avenue Suite 106 Spokane Valley,WA 99206 Section 1:Concise Summary of Alternatives No Action 6 Citizen Focus Alternative 6 Community Prosperity Alternative 7 1.1:Economic Welfare Analysis 10 Priority Infrastructure Investment 10 Site Certification 10 Retail and Tourism 10 Mitigation Measures 11 Significant Unavoidable Adverse Impacts 11 1.2:Land Use Analysis 12 Land Use Patterns 12 Land Use Designations and Zoning 13 Preservation of Neighborhoods 19 Mitigation Measures 20 Significant Unavoidable Adverse Impacts 20 1.3:Transportation Analysis 21 Roadway Travel 21 Non-motorized Travel 28 Public Transit 29 Freight and Rail Travel 30 Highways of Statewide Significance 30 Mitigation Measures 30 Significant Unavoidable Adverse Impacts 33 1.4:Housing Analysis 35 Housing Location 35 Housing Affordability 37 Housing Capacity 39 Mitigation Measures 40 Significant Unavoidable Adverse Impacts 40 1.5 Natural Environment 41 Mitigation Measures 42 Significant Unavoidable Adverse Impacts 42 Section 2 Environmental Impact Summary: 43 2.1 Alternative Comparison Matrix 43 Section 3: Notices 52 3.1 Determination of Significance and Scoping 52 3.2 Draft EIS and Document Availablity 54 3.3 Distribution List 56 Section 4 Response to Comments 58 4.1 Comments and Responses on the Scope 58 4.2 Comments and Responses on the DEIS 58 SECTION 1: SUMMARY OF ALTERNATIVES The City of Spokane Valley proposes changes to its Comprehensive Plan map,designations,and policies are proposed in order to achieve the City's long-range planning vision as articulated in Chapter 1 of the Comprehensive Plan.This appendix provides a summary and concise impact analysis of two action alternatives:Citizen Focus(Alternative 2)and Community Prosperity(Preferred Alternative),and as required by SEPA a No Action Alternative.All the alternatives would accommodate the City's population allocation for 2037 of 14,650 for a total 2037 population of 109,913 without the need of an Urban Growth Area expansion.Each of the alternatives is discussed briefly below. No Action The No Action Alternative assumes that existing adopted policy,land use designations,zoning districts,and regulations would remain in effect for the next 20-years.This alternative assumes that the City of Spokane Valley would develop in a manner consistent with previously adopted plans and policies. a ' I F, ma.e� tee .kiliiiii 11 --. cam., , so ,._ . . illid = irmr Aiirifa.. U aki ii r . oluvi ..AF al �_,► tt : t FA" Di__ ;r1,..upbrztz,mviii116, ' ■=EF. ' "fir_. "'Ill " ' r n , I . C• 1 f Nr- s HaAWw,AtYmxtlw II 1a Me l�CGr d S a A. — crM,NM -1.111 ,vWAa0. .A...no. —rhTe+^ow am '1. cYompeeeSave Plan DeIpeaLLM O -cm r. ,y \\\\ A. ...— Figure .irn— Figure 1:No Action Alternative Map Citizen Focus Alternative The Citizen Focus Alternative assumes the implementation of Citizen-Initiated Amendment Requests (CARs).The CARs process allowed community members to propose changes to the adopted Comprehensive Plan's Land Muse Map or to existing policy language.There were a total of twenty-six CARs proposed for the City's consideration.After review by the Planning Commission and City Council,twenty-three of the CARs were passed through to be considered during the formal comprehensive plan update process. Section 1:Concise Summary of Alternatives Wage All of the site specific land use map amendment requests are considered as part of this alternative. Additionally,the various text amendment requests that were forward for consideration are also considered as part of both the Citizen Focus and Community Prosperity alternatives. As part of the process for the site specific amendments,a few of the CARs were expanded to include nearby parcels to increase the feasibility of the proposed land use change and to avoid creating islands of a land use designations.The CARs as considered in this alternative can be seen in Figure 2.This alternative assumes that land use designations outside of the CARs shown in Figure 2 would not change.The insets show the future land use designations around the CARs to provide context only. CAR,SU9,� q== ata MOR i CAR 1500 �, LOR 9P HDR CAR 15 Dole-uo�s inRwc CAR'5-r,,3 00�A7'� CAR 1S• � • 0 I HDR y'o,mNc ` moa.mm� '-` �Ia CMU OR NC ni Community Focus Alternative I OS--.1..., c-,a spww Y.o.fwiz dam. ,..e J c.n,.. -s nm m - - C P .,. q.p.n.canm.n>. UV Inftatnal -w.vr i.cwn.i -.x C.nn.R..w..,,., .. ^.. -,....,Q,4..n lent gW _. CAR15-0m16j itlir �MDR W MOR -' ois : CAR iSm02 ' I 611 LOR,o CMO CAR 15-0912 i 1, HOR[n CMIJ 0 $- ria-- .'.l MI \ti\ - :L-3fA .5 - \as=MI= CAORt-02�R7 mOoOROM ;Waft '---': - :ME .,...<%, m Figure 2:Citizen Focus Alternative In addition to the Land Use Map changes,this alternative also proposes significant changes to the existing policy framework,as presented in Chapter 2 of the draft Comprehensive Plan.The majority of the changes are intended to eliminate redundancies, create clear and concise policy statements, and enhance the readability of the comprehensive plan. Additional changes to the policy framework are directed at supporting the City's economic development desired initiatives. Community Prosperity Alternative The Community Prosperity Alternative is the City's preferred alternative and is reflected by the proposed comprehensive plan and supporting regulations,it includes the policy changes presented in Chapter 2 of the Comprehensive Plan.The alternative includes the map amendments of the Citizen Focus alternative,except where the request was for an Office designation those were changed to Corridor Mixed Use.The alternative preserves the Low Density Residential designation,including density limitations as presented in the No Action.Finally,the alternative proposes a set of goals,policies,and actions that implement the community priorities developed in the public visioning process and refined through a joint Planning Commission and Section 1:Concise Summary of Alternatives 7 I P a g e City Council workshop.The proposed draft Comprehensive Plan and supporting regulations proposed for the update are the clearest reflection of the proposed changes. The Community Prosperity Alternative assumes significant changes beyond the existing conditions.The alternative proposes:renaming four land use designations,eliminating four land use designations,and creating one new land use designation.Table 1 shows the relationship between the existing and proposed land use designations,showing which designations are being renamed,eliminated,or created. Table 1: Existing to Proposed Land Use Designations Existing Land Use Designations(2006) Proposed Land Use Designations(2016) Low Density Residential Single Family(name change) Medium Density Residential(eliminate) Single Family(name change)and Multifamily(name change) High Density Residential Multifamily(name change) Office(eliminate) Corridor Mixed Use Corridor Mixed Use Community Commercial (eliminate) Neighborhood Commercial Neighborhood Commercial Regional Commercial Regional Commercial Mixed Use Center Mixed Use(name change) Industrial Mixed Use(new) Light Industrial(eliminate) (Consolidated to Industrial) Heavy Industrial Industrial (name change) Parks and Open Space Parks and Open Space Generally,most of the designations that are proposed to be eliminated are being re-designated,for example, the new Industrial designation consolidates the existing Light Industrial and Heavy Industrial designations, and the Office and Community Commercial designations are proposed to be designated Corridor Mixed Use.Figure 3 shows the proposed alternative and how the consolidations and designation changes apply to the City of Spokane Valley. Section 1:Concise Summary of Alternatives 8 I P a g e • .. .wift" 1 .., ..--- __... i ....... „., I L ..„- , __ , ______ .., 1 _...... , _, 1 ___:, . . ..•41-.. - - .1'-'-' l -of III I iulr n T ! .=a• 1 __-,_ - gam Kim ■ INg — I 1 I I — , Community,Proapanity A Itamativa \.�e' Ii a51 aCitydf Spekeee Valley 10.e1ll.ie . r N9Ce.bo4y M.MnenbeMoaa Comm!m!H '�"1 Future Land 1J Hip nai'1 Commeleul 'k Seek Fart, i aMu ebiel Hued Ute _AaA,.-FA ry . _I dusa.i ME Congor Alieed use I.Pras urvd Lpee swee Figure 3:Community Prosperity Alternative In addition to the changes to the Land Use Map,this alternative also proposes changes to the existing policy framework.The majority of the changes are intended to eliminate redundancies and to create clear and concise policy statements.Additional changes to the policy framework are directed at supporting the City's economic development desired initiatives. Section 1:Concise Summary of Alternatives 9 I P a g e 1.1: Economic Welfare Analysis Under all of the EIS Alternatives, Spokane Valley would experience increased development in order to accommodate new residents and jobs. It is expected that all alternatives would see the same general increase in employment. However, it is expected that the Community Prosperity alternative with its strategic focus on economic development would see increases industrial development and related employment. While the Citizen Focus alternative would have similar policy changes as the Community Prosperity alternative, the lack of corresponding Land Use Map changes would likely limit increases in industrial development. In an effort to be concise, where impacts are similar they are discussed together, and differences between the alternatives are noted. Priority Infrastructure Investment No Action,Citizen Focus,and Community Prosperity Alternatives Infrastructure investment is expected to progress as it has in the past,consistent with the goals and policies of the comprehensive plan,capital improvement program,and transportation improvement program. In addition to being consistent with adopted plans and programs,the Community Prosperity and Citizen Focus alternatives include strategic actions that target infrastructure investment opportunities and identify potential partnerships.These alternatives also provide mechanisms to help the City prioritize improvements.Chapter 7 of the Comprehensive Plan identifies that funding is adequate to meet future needs.It also identifies community and economic development priorities that are not necessary capital projects but rather aspirational to further the City's economic development initiatives.These policy changes are likely to increase development,especially with land use map changes proposed in the Community Prosperity alternative.Specific infrastructure improvements may need to be evaluated under a separate SEPA process. Site Certification No Action Alternative The No Action alternative assumes that the existing policy framework will not change.The existing policy framework does not contain policy support or guidance to develop a certified sites program or process,as such,the No Action alternative is likely to see the same amount of industrial development that is consistent with past trends,but less than what would be anticipated under either of the other alternatives. Citizen Focus and Community Prosperity Alternative As part of the new goals and policies and strategic actions the City will work toward identifying appropriate third party certification for industrial sites at the north-eastern edge of the City.It is likely that the site certification would increase the desirability of the industrial land in the area. Under the Community Prosperity alternative the north-eastern industrial area is proposed to be designated Industrial which would allow heavy manufacturing,processing,and assembly types of uses.Under the Citizen Focus alternative,sites may be certified but the area would retain the Light Industrial designation, which would allow the same development type as the No Action alternative. Retail and Tourism No Action Alternative The No Action alternative assumes that the existing policy framework will not change.However,in 2016 the City completed two studies,one focused on retail and one on tourism;both these studies included a number of goal,policies,and strategies on improving the retail and tourism sectors within the City.Under the No Action alternative,both of these studies would not be incorporated into the comprehensive plan;however, it is possible that under a separate process the strategies and related actions may be implemented but Section 1:Concise Summary of Alternatives 10 Wage without an overall context provided in the Comprehensive Plan which could result in duplicative unnecessary investment. Citizen Focus and Community Prosperity Alternative Both the Citizen Focus and Community Prosperity alternatives propose policy changes that include the incorporation of the goals,policies,strategies and related actions of two recent studies: Retail Improvement and Tourism Improvement. The Retail and Tourism studies include a goals,policies,strategies,and related actions to improve the retail and tourism sectors of the City's economy,which are likely to increase demand and development in these sectors.While each of the studies calls for some fairly specific actions,none of the actions are detailed enough the warrant a detailed analysis of their impacts.However,a second phase of the Tourism study will conduct a feasibility analysis on specific projects,which if developed may require a separate SEPA analysis. Mitigation Measures Each of the proposed alternatives,in varying degrees,contribute to the economic welfare of the City.The preferred alternative proposed as presented in the Comprehensive Plan has an overall positive impact on the economic welfare of the City and no mitigation measures are proposed to address those impacts. Significant Unavoidable Adverse Impacts No significant unavoidable adverse impacts on land use are expected with implementation of the mitigation measures. Section 1:Concise Summary of Alternatives 11 I P a g e 1.2: Land Use Analysis Land Use Patterns No Action and Citizen Focused Alternative The land use patterns for both the No Action and Citizen Focus alternatives are similar.Based on past trends since the adoption of the comprehensive plan in 2006 and the existing conditions reports completed as part of this comprehensive plant,the City of Spokane Valley would expect the following: • Continued new office development within the Mixed Use Center designation along the Spokane River corridor. • Continued high vacancy rates for commercial/office space in the Office designation along the major north-south arterials. • Continued development within the Regional Commercial designation especially along Indiana Avenue around the Spokane Valley Mall and the Auto Row area along Sprague Avenue. • The Community Commercial designation along Sullivan Road is likely to see continued development. • The Corridor Mixed Use is likely to see continued slow and steady improvements along Sprague, and increased development near the proposed City Hall building at Sprague and Dartmouth. • The Medium Density Residential designation and corresponding zone is likely to see very little development. • The City will likely see increased requests to amend the Land Use Map from Medium Density to High Density. • The High Density designation is likely to seen increased development as demand increased for this housing typology. • The Citizen Focus alternative is likely to see increased multiple family development east of Sullivan Road on Broadway Avenue and around McDonald Road of north 4th Avenue. • Without changes to the low density residential development standards the Low Density Residential designation would likely continue to see small isolated infill development,at a slower pace than adjacent jurisdiction with more flexible standards. Community Prosperity Alternative The land use patterns for the Community Prosperity alternative is similar to both the No Action and Citizen Focus alternatives in terms of overall intensity but there are several distinct differences.The differences identified below assume the implementation of the supporting regulation changes discussed in the Additional Elements of the Environment of this analysis.Under this alternative,the City of Spokane Valley would expect the following: • Continued new office development within the Mixed Use designation along the Spokane River corridor. • New multi-family and mixed use development along the major north-south arterials,south of Sprague Avenue between the Appleway Trail and 4th Avenue;and near Broadway Ave and Shamrock Road • Continued development within the Regional Commercial designation especially along Indiana Avenue around the Spokane Valley Mall and the Auto Row area along Sprague Avenue. • Continued commercial development along Sullivan Road consistent with past development patterns. • Increased development near the proposed City Hall building at Sprague and Dartmouth. • Increased industrial development in the north-eastern corner of the City. 1 Existing Conditions Housing and Economic Trends,September 2015 and Transportation System Existing Conditions,August 2015 Section 1:Concise Summary of Alternatives 12 Wage • An increased number of single-family home infill developments with the implementation of more flexible development standards;however,the overall allowed density will remain unchanged. Land Use Designations and Zoning Land Use Conversion The land use conversion section discusses land use designation changes (for example, changing Office to Corridor Mixed Use), but does not involve changes from one type of land use to another(from single family residential to an office). However, while it is recognized that a change of land use designation can imply a change in an allowed use,this section keeps the level of detail at the appropriate planning level -- that is, general levels of intensity and use types. No Action and Citizen Focus Alternative Both the No Action and Citizen Focus alternatives assume that the currently adopted land use designations from 2006 would remain.Table 2 provides a summary of those land use designations. Table 2:No Action and Citizen Focus Land Use Designations Designation Description Low Density The Low Density Residential(LDR)Comprehensive Plan designation addresses a range of single- Residential(LDR) family residential densities from one dwelling unit per acre up to and including six dwelling units per acre.This designation would be implemented through a series of zoning designations that would allow a range of minimum lot sizes. Medium Density The Medium Density Residential designation represents an opportunity to provide a range of Residential(MDR) housing types to accommodate anticipated residential growth.Zoning will allow densities up to 12 dwelling units per acre in the Medium Density Residential designation. Multi-family residential zones should be used as transitional zoning between higher intensity land uses such as commercial and office,to lower density single family neighborhoods.Additionally, Medium Density Residential areas should be located near services and high capacity transit facilities or transit routes. High Density This designation provides for existing multi-family residential development developed at a density Residential(HDR) in excess of 12 units per acre.Additionally,High Density Residential(HDR)designated areas are also located in areas near higher intensity development.Generally,this designation is appropriate for land which is located adjacent to the arterial street system served by public transit,and is in close proximity to business and commercial centers.Offices are permitted in the High Density Residential areas. Regional Regional Commercial allows a large range of uses.A wide range of development types, Commercial(RC) appearance,ages,function,and scale. It covers the"strip"retail areas along Sprague Avenue which includes the automobile dealerships located along the western end of the Sprague Avenue corridor and the"big box"retail area found in the Sullivan Road area from Sprague Avenue north to the Interstate 90 interchange,and includes the Valley Mall and Wal-Mart. Community The community commercial classification designates areas for retail,service and office Commercial(C) establishments intended to serve several neighborhoods.Community Commercial areas should not be larger than 15-17 acres in size and should be located as business clusters rather than arterial strip commercial development.In addition,light assembly or other unobtrusive uses not traditionally located in commercial zones may be allowed with appropriate performance standards to ensure compatibility with surrounding uses or zoning districts. Neighborhood The neighborhood commercial classification designates areas for small-scale neighborhoods Commercial(NC) serving retail and office uses.Neighborhood business areas should not be larger than two acres in size,and should be located as business clusters rather than arterial strip commercial developments. Office(0) This comprehensive plan designation is intended primarily for office development with limited retail or commercial uses.Retail and commercial uses are limited to those that are clearly subordinate to the primary office use,or the retail function primarily serves the office uses in close proximity to the retail or commercial use. Section 1:Concise Summary of Alternatives 13 Wage Designation Description Corridor Mixed- Corridor Mixed-use is intended to enhance travel options,encourage development of locally Use(CMU) serving commercial uses,multi-family apartments,lodging and offices along major transportation corridors identified on the Comprehensive Plan Land Use Map.Corridor Mixed-use recognizes the historical low-intensity,auto-dependent development pattern,and focuses on a pedestrian orientation with an emphasis on aesthetics and design.The Corridor Mixed-use designation is primarily used along Sprague Avenue. Mixed-use Center The Mixed-use Center designation would allow for two or more different land uses within (MUC) developments under this designation.Mixed-use developments can be either vertical or horizontally mixed,and would include employment uses such as office,retail and/or lodging along with higher density residential uses,and in some cases community or cultural facilities. Compatibility between uses is achieved through design which integrates certain physical and functional features such as transportation systems,pedestrian ways,open areas or court yards, and common focal points or amenities. Light Industry(LI) The Light Industry designation is a planned industrial area with special emphasis and attention given to aesthetics,landscaping,and internal and community compatibility.Uses may include high technology and other low-impact industries.Light Industry areas may incorporate office and commercial uses as ancillary uses within an overall plan for the industrial area.Non-industrial uses should be limited and in the majority of cases be associated with permitted industrial uses.The Light Industry category may serve as a transitional category between heavy industrial areas and other less intensive land use categories. Heavy Industrial Heavy industry is characterized by intense industrial activities,which include, but are not limited (HI) to, manufacturing, processing, fabrication, assembly/disassembly, freight-handling, and similar operations. Heavy industry may have significant noise,odor or aesthetic impacts to surrounding areas. Parks and Open The Parks and Open Space designation is intended to protect parks,open space,and other natural Space(POS) physical assets of the community. Citizen Focus Alternative Table 3 summarizes the CARs the amount of acres by land designation changes;it only shows only those designations where land is converting from one designation to another designation.The rows show the existing comprehensive plan designation and the columns show the proposed comprehensive plan designations.Using Low Density Residential as an example,40.39 acres are converting to High Density Residential,4.03 acres to Commercial,and.75 acres to Corridor Mixed Use for a total of 45.17 acres of Low Density Residential converting to another designation.This alternative proposes a total of 72.27 acres of change to the Land Use Map. All of the proposed changes are from a less intense designation to a more intense designation with most the land area changing from the Low Density Residential to High Density Residential. Section 1:Concise Summary of Alternatives 14 I P a g e Table 3:Changes to Existing Comprehensive Plan Designations in Acres for Citizen Focus Alternative Proposed Comprehensive Plan Designation High Density Neighborhood Corridor Mixed Residential Commercial Commercial Use Total c Low Density fti a Residential 40.39 0.0 4.03 0.75 45.17 0- E E c o U ° Medium Density OD c Residential 18.39 0.0 0.0 0.0 18.39 w Office 3.41 0.78 1.37 3.15 8.71 Total 62.19 0.78 5.4 3.9 72.27 Community Prosperity Alternative The Community Prosperity Alternative proposes eight land use designations described in Table 4: Table 4:Community Prosperity Alternative Land Use Designations Designation Description Single Family Allows for single-family development with densities ranging from 1-6 dwelling units per acre. Residential(SFR) This designation has three zoning districts that have a range of minimum lot sizes. Multifamily Allows for multi-family development,near commercial centers,arterial streets,and public Residential(MFR) transit lines.The implementation includes transitional standards to protect the single-family designation. Neighborhood Allows for the development of small-scale retail and office uses while allowing for single family Commercial(NC) homes.Located within neighborhood areas along arterials,the size of development and types of businesses are intended to serve nearby residents. Regional Commercial Allows for range of commercial development.It includes areas like Auto Row along Sprague, the Valley Mall,and areas along arterials near Interstate 90.Generally,the development in these areas serve the region. Corridor Mixed Use Allows for uses like light manufacturing,retail,multifamily,and offices along major corridors. (CMU) Corridor Mixed-use recognizes the historical low-intensity,auto-dependent development pattern along Sprague Avenue,and the north-south arterials. Mixed Use(MU) Allows for a mix of uses,either vertical or horizontally mixed.Includes uses like office,retail, lodging,and residential.Mixed Use is generally located near the Spokane River and Centennial Trail. Industrial Mixed Use Allows for light manufacturing,retail,offices,and light industrial types of uses like contractor (IMU) and towing yards.The Industrial Mixed Use is located along Trent Avenue. Industrial(I) Allows for industrial development like manufacturing,fabrication,assembly,and freight- handling.Implemented by one zone and transitional and buffer standards to protect adjacent non-industrial areas from impacts. Parks,Recreation, The purpose of this district is to protect and provide for parks,open space,and other natural and Open Space physical assets of the community. (POS) Table 5 summarizes how the existing land use designations relate to the proposed land use designations of the Community Prosperity alternative.It shows how the existing land use designations are allocated to the proposed designations in acres.The next sub-sections provide an analysis of Table 5. Designation Name Changes The Community Prosperity proposes changing the name of four existing land use designations: • Low Density Residential (LDR) 4 Single Family Residential(SFR) Section 1:Concise Summary of Alternatives 15 I P a g e • High Density Residential (HDR) 4 Multiple Family Residential(MFR) • Mixed Use Center(MUC) 4 Mixed Use(MU) • Heavy Industrial (HI) 4 Industrial (I) The proposed name changes are not expected to result in substantial impacts as the allowed uses,intensity of uses,and density are expected to remain the same as the No Action alternative.However,the new Multiple Family Residential designation is expected to have density increases,in locations in close(1/4 mile) to transit,parks and open space,and other daily goods.The expected densities are expected to be similar to existing densities(22 units per acre). Impacts from this density will be mitigated through transitional zoning provisions;additional analysis of the density increase are evaluated under the Transportation and Housing sections of this analysis. Designation Eliminations The Community Prosperity alternative proposes to eliminate three existing land use designations,shown in Table 5 as blue shaded rows with underlined text.The three designations proposed for elimination are: Medium Density Residential (MDR),Office(0),and Community Commercial (C).The following bullets summarize the reasoning and expected impacts of these eliminations: Medium Density Residential(MDR) • The elimination of the Medium Density Residential designation is based on the Housing and Economic Trends Existing Condition Report.The report identified four policy considerations: o Allow housing types not currently allowed in the MF-1 zone o Rezone/designation to allow higher densities o Support additional housing types by adjusting minimum lot size,setbacks,lot width,and other development o Use the multi-family tax exemptions in the MF-1 zone • While some form of the above policy considerations are incorporated into the Community Prosperity alternative,the biggest and most encompassing change was incorporating approximately 606 acres of MDR into the higher intensive designations of MFR,RC,CMU,MU,and IMU. • The change to higher intensive uses is expected to allow multiple family development on property. • Areas of the MDR designation where existing development patterns are single family houses but more intensive in terms of density,around 12 units per acre,were designated LDR. • The designation to LDR is not expected to have any significant impacts as LDR is less intensive than MDR Office(0) • The elimination of the Office designation is based on the Housing and Economic Trends Existing Condition Report.The report identified the following relevant policy considerations: o The existing vacant land in the 0 designation is likely not suitable for new office development based on sites used for past office development projects o Change policy or regulations to allow other types of uses such as residential uses • The Community Prosperity alternative proposes to designate nearly all of the 0 designation to CMU and a much smaller amount to RC. • The change to CMU is expected to increase development within the north-south corridors,most likely with multi-family development.While this is an increase in development the intensity similar to an office type of development • The change to RC is not expected to have any significant impacts and was done to avoid creating stand-alone land use islands where Office was adjacent to RC. Community Commercial(C) • The elimination of the C designation is proposed as part of a larger effort to simplify and streamline the Comprehensive Plan.The C designation was incorporated into CMU or RC. Section 1:Concise Summary of Alternatives 16 I P a g e • A major difference between the C and the CMU is that the implementing zoning district in CMU allows some light industry and multiple-family development and the C zone does not.In the implementing zone for RC allows for entertainment uses and the C zone does not. • Another difference is the allowed height in the C zone it is 35 feet and in the RC the allowed height is 100 feet and in the CMU it is 50 feet. • Differences in use are addressed through zoning standards,and height are addressed with transitional provisions. • Most of the C designation was located at Sprague and major arterials;most of these areas are developed,so these areas are not likely to see new development. • The change of C to CMU and RC is not expected to have any significant impacts because of the similarity of allowed uses and the already intensive development at C locations. Light Industrial(LI) • The elimination of the LI designation is proposed as part of a larger effort to simplify and streamline the Comprehensive Plan.The LI designation was eliminated and its land incorporated into Heavy Industrial(HI),Regional Commercial (RC),and Industrial Mixed Use(IMU). • Areas where the LI designation was incorporated into HI,proposed as the new Industrial (I) designation,would allow previously prohibited uses: Animal processing/handling; Beekeeping- commercial;Assembly-heavy;Manufacturing-heavy;Power plant;Processing-heavy;Railroad yard, repair shop and roundhouse. • About%2 of the LI to I change is around the Montgomery Avenue industrial area.The area is characterized by a diverse range of existing industrial uses.Another main area of conversion is near Felts Field Airport and west of Park Road between 1-90 and the Burlington Northern Santa Fe mainline,which is also characterized by variety of industrial types of uses. • Another areas of LI to I conversion is in the northeastern corner of City.This area is mostly vacant, except for major solar energy operation and is adjacent to heavy industrially zoned land and between two main rail lines. • The areas already characterized by industrial development may see slow development,but the vacant industrial land is likely to see a marked increase in development. • The new Industrial (I)designation is subject to transitional provisions to protect adjacent lower intensive designations and other Federal and State regulations,including but not limited to:Clean Air Act,Clean Water Act,and stormwater regulations. • The transitional provisions will protect these lower intensity designations through setbacks, screening,and height limitations. • Vacant industrial land in the north-east portion of the City will likely see increased development with improved sewer access. Additional Designation Considerations A few of the changes identified in Table 5 warrant additional discussion: • There are 6 acres of LDR land proposed to be designated I.The change could be categorized as a housekeeping amendment as the changes eliminated pockets of LDR in former Light Industrial areas(now Industrial).It's not expected this change will create significant impacts and with the implementation of transitional provisions to protect lower intensity designations. • The Community Prosperity alternative converts approximately 53 acres of Corridor Mixed Use (CMU)to Parks and Open Space(POS).This change is a result of converting the publically owned property identified for the Appleway Trail to POS.This area is part of the planned Appleway Trail and is publically owned,and would not significantly impact available acres of CMU lands. • Approximately 100 acres of Mixed-use Center (MUC) is being converted to Parks and Open Space (POS).This change is a result of designating Department of Natural Resources land near Mirabeau Park. Section 1:Concise Summary of Alternatives 17 Wage • Approximately 150 acres of CMU is proposed to be designated to the new Industrial Mixed Use (IMU)designation,which is described in Table 4.Generally,the new designation would allow CMU types of uses and more industrial types of uses like contractor yards.The IMU is expected to not allow multiple family uses.The IMU designation is limited to the Trent Avenue corridor. • The 12 acres of LDR that was designated as POS is City owned land that serves as a drainage way. The change more accurately the long-term intended use of the property.The change is not expected to have significant impacts on single-family available lands. • Approximately 27 acres of Low Density Residential (LDR) is being converted to Neighborhood Commercial (NC).This change is a result of the community priorities. However,the NC zone allows single-family development as an outright permitted use, so it's not expected this change would result in significant impacts. • Other minor changes reflect housekeeping adjustments to eliminate spilt land use designations or zoning;the changes align land use designations to property lines and/or adjustments to create logical boundaries for designations. Table 5:Summary of Land Use Designation Changes-Community Prosperity Proposed Comprehensive Plan Designations SFR MFR NC RC CMU MU IMU I POS Total LDR 10,460 248 27 57 11 1 15 12 10,831 MDR 255 360 24 153 34 826 oo HDR 4 767 3 16 8 798 E3 0 6 391 397 ai NC 7 9 16 C 133 336 469 aa) RC 628 22 650 CMU 16 690 150 52 908 MUC 543 100 643 •x LI 2 48 972 1,022 HI 1 3,048 3,049 POS 2 430 432 Total 10,736 1,375 37 809 1,666 590 199 4,021 594 20,027 Numbers have been rounded to the next nearest whole number Section 1:Concise Summary of Alternatives 18 Wage Population and Employment Residential and Commercial Land Capacity No Action,Citizen Focus,and Community Prosperity Alternatives Based on the Land Quantity Analysis2 completed for the periodic update of the comprehensive plan,the City has a capacity for an additional 9,076 housing units and 19,980 additional people.The City has adopted an initial population target of 14,650 as recommended by Steering Committee of Elected Officials for Spokane County.Given the estimated 2037 capacity(19,980)and the projected growth(14,650)the City of Spokane Valley can accommodate its projected population in all of the alternatives. The City can accommodate its projected growth within its jurisdictional boundaries.However,both the Citizen Focus and Community Prosperity alternatives propose policy it identify and assess opportunities to annex lands within the UGA,and that such expansions should be planned for. The City has no formal target or allocation for employment; however, the City has as part of its periodic update conducted an analysis of available commercial and industrial lands2. The analysis identified approximately 1,250 acres of buildable acres within the City. Approximately 46 percent of that area is industrial land on the City's north-east side. While vacancies in industrial land have been decreasing, it's expected that the existing supply of undeveloped industrial land can accommodate future demand,and the policy changes regarding office and commercial land are also expected to meet future demand. Community Prosperity Alternative The Community Prosperity alternative proposes various land use designation changes as discussed earlier. These changes while significantly simplifying the implementation of the plan,increase the estimated residential capacity by almost 4,000 people.Most of the increase results from changing a portion of the Medium Density Residential designation to the new Multi-Family Residential designation.The remainder is the result of changing Office,which prohibits multiple family development to Corridor Mixed Use which allows multiple family development.The increase in capacity is not expected to have significant impacts. Preservation of Neighborhoods No Action Alternative The No Action alternative assumes that the currently adopted policies and regulations would remain unchanged.The existing regulatory framework provides for a relational set-back for multifamily housing adjacent to residential zoning or uses.In part,it requires an additional foot of setback for every foot above 25 feet starting at the setback line. Citizen Focus and Community Prosperity Alternative Both the Citizen Focus and Community Prosperity alternatives would result in significant policy changes that include policies,strategic actions,and potential regulations to preserve the character of neighborhoods,and allow for amenities in proximity to neighborhoods.The following are the key features of the Citizen Focus and Community Prosperity alternatives to preserve neighborhoods: • Both alternatives include transitional provisions to manage the interface of higher intensity designations and zones to lower intensity designations or zones.While these provisions are included in the Citizen Focus alternative,without the land use map changes associated with the Community Prosperity alternative their use within the context of the Citizen Focus alternative would likely be minimal. • Under both Citizen Focus and Community Prosperity alternatives the allowed density would remain at 6 units per acre for all LDR implementing zones except for the R-1 which is 1 unit per acre. 2 ECONorthwest Memorandum,June 24, 1015,Subject: Spokane Valley Residential Land Capacity Needs Section 1:Concise Summary of Alternatives 19 Wage • The Community Prosperity alternative proposes a change in the zoning regulations that consolidates the current R-3 and R-4 zones into a new zone,which would allow a minimum lot size of 5,000 square feet,which would allow greater flexibility and promotes reinvestment in single family neighborhoods.However,the current density of 6 dwelling units per acre,the same as No Action and Citizen Focus alternatives,would remain. • The Citizen Focus alternative does not propose a change in minimum lot sizes,which would likely limit infill development and encourage the aggregation lots to accommodate infill development. • The Citizen Focus alternative assumes the preservation of the Multi-family 1(MF-1)zone as it exists,which includes areas that have established single-family residences.Under the Citizen Focus alternative these area could redevelop at 12 units per acre. • The Community Prosperity alternative assumes that the established single-family residential areas are designated single-family,preserving the existing neighborhood. • The Community Prosperity alternative designates multiple family development where services like transit and daily goods are available. Mitigation Measures • Transitional zoning provisions that protect lower intensity designations from impacts of higher intensity designations. • Streamline the permitted use matrix to ensure that uses from eliminated designations and their related zoning districts are permitted in new and/or consolidated designations and zoning districts. • Updated supplementary standards to require additional controls in order to protect public health, safety,and welfare. Significant Unavoidable Adverse Impacts No significant unavoidable adverse impacts on neighborhoods are expected with implementation of the mitigation measures. Section 1:Concise Summary of Alternatives 20 Wage 1.3: Transportation Analysis Under all of the EIS Alternatives,the City of Spokane Valley would experience increased development in order to accommodate new residents and employment in the City.This new development would have impacts on the transportation network,which is primarily dominated by the automobile but also accommodates walking,biking,and public transit.These impacts would result in additional needs for transportation facilities and improvements.However,the alternatives differ in scope,intensity and locations for these improvements. This section summarizes the operations and characteristics of the transportation system under the different alternatives.In general,the analysis focuses on the difference between the No Action and the Community Prosperity Alternatives since they represent the least intense and most intense development alternatives, respectively.Modeling results were evaluated for the Citizen Focus Alternative and they were found to be very similar to the Community Prosperity Alternative,although with slightly less traffic generation/roadway travel impact. A description of the existing transportation conditions is summarized in the Transportation Element of the Comprehensive Plan and in the Transportation Existing Conditions Report.3 Roadway Travel Roadway travel impacts are assessed using the Level of Service(LOS)concept4.For small projects,LOS is often calculated at intersections.However,for large-area plans such as a comprehensive plan,it is a corridor LOS is often used to summarize conditions.This analysis uses a combination of corridor and intersection LOS.Intersection LOS analysis was focused at the busiest signalized intersections for PM peak hour conditions,the busiest time of the day.Table 6 identifies the intersections and corridors analyzed for this EIS. Table 6:Study Intersections and Corridors Intersection Type of Traffic Control 1-Argonne Rd/Trent(SR 290) Signal 2-Pines Rd/Trent(SR 290) Signal;(assumes BNSF grade separation and reconfigured intersection by 2037) 3-Pines Rd/Mirabeau Pkwy Signal 4-Sullivan Rd/Wellesley Ave Signal(a new traffic signal is assumed by 2037) 5-Sullivan Rd/Trent(SR 290)WB Signal 6- Sullivan Rd/Trent(SR 290)EB Signal 7-Argonne Rd/I-90 WB Ramp Signal;(a new southbound lane approaching the intersection and three-lane overpass of 1-90 assumed by 2037) 8-Argonne Rd/l-90 EB Ramp Signal;(a new southbound lane approaching the intersection and three-lane overpass of 1-90 assumed by 2037) 9-Mullan Rd/l-90 WB Ramp Signal 10-Mullan Rd/l-90 EB Ramp Signal 11-Pines Rd/Mansfield Ave Signal 12-Pines Rd/Indiana Ave Signal 13-1-90 WB Off Ramp(Pines Interchange)/Indiana Ave Signal 14-Pines Rd/l-90 EB Ramps Signal 15-Pines Rd/Mission Ave Signal 16-Mirabeau Pkwy/Mansfield Ave Signal(a new traffic signal is assumed by 2037) 17-Mirabeau Pkwy/Indiana Ave Signal 18-Evergreen Rd/Indiana Ave Signal 19-Evergreen Rd/l-90 WB Ramps Signal 3 Transportation Systems Existing Conditions,August 2015,submitted by Fehr& Peers 4 The definition of LOS from 2010 Highway Capacity Manual is in the Transportation Element Section 1:Concise Summary of Alternatives 21 I P a g e Intersection Type of Traffic Control 20-Evergreen Rd/I-90 EB Ramps Signal;(assumes additional southbound left turn lane by 2037 21-Mission Connector/Mission Ave Side-street stop 22-Sullivan Rd/Indiana Ave Signal;(assumes dual westbound left turn land by 2037) 23-Sullivan Rd/I-90 WB On Ramp Roundabout 24-Sullivan Rd/I-90 EB Ramps Roundabout 25-Sullivan Rd/Mission Ave Signal 26-Sullivan Rd/Broadway Signal 27-1-90 WB Off Ramp(Sullivan)/Indiana Ave Signal 28-Barker Rd/Mission Ave Signal 29-Barker Rd/I-90 WB Ramp Signal 30-Barker Rd/I-90 EB Ramp Signal 31-Fancher Rd/Broadway Signal 32-Thierman Rd/Broadway Signal 33-1-90 WB Ramp/Broadway Signal 34-1-90 EB Ramp/Broadway Signal 35-Argonne Rd/Broadway Signal 36-Mullan Rd/Broadway Signal 37-Carnahan Rd/8th Ave Signal or roundabout(by 2037) 38-Fancher Rd/Sprague Ave Signal 39-Thierman Rd/Sprague Ave Signal 40-Thierman Rd/Appleway Blvd Signal 41-Dishman Mica Rd/Appleway Blvd Signal 42-University Rd/Sprague Ave Signal 43-University Rd/Appleway Blvd Signal 44- Pines Rd/Sprague Ave Signal 45-Evergreen Rd/Sprague Ave Signal 46-Sullivan Rd/Sprague Ave Signal 47-Barker Rd/Appleway Blvd Signal 48-Barker Rd/Sprague Ave Signal or roundabout(by 2037) 49-SR 27/16th Ave Signal 50-Bowdish Rd/Dishman Mica Rd Si:nal Corridor Segment Argonne/Mullan Between Trent and Appleway Pines Road Between Trent Avenue and 8th Avenue Evergreen Road Between Indiana Avenue and 8th Avenue Sullivan Road Between Wellesley Avenue and 8th Avenue Trent Avenue Between Argonne Road and Barker Road Sprague Avenue/Appleway Between Fancher Road and Park Road For the purposes of this analysis,impacts to roadway travel are based on whether LOS exceeds the thresholds established in the Transportation Element of the Comprehensive Plan,which uses both corridor and intersection LOS. To evaluate LOS, the results of the Spokane Regional Transportation Council's (SRTC) regional travel demand forecasting model were used to forecast ADT and peak hour intersection volumes. The regional travel model works by estimating the trip generation (for vehicles and transit)from land use inputs that are varied for each of the alternatives. The horizon year for the regional travel demand forecasting model is 2040 which reasonably corresponds to the 2037 horizon date for the Comprehensive Plan update. Corridor LOS Corridor LOS is evaluated using average daily traffic(ADT)volume thresholds shown in Table 7,it uses the average LOS conditions along the length of the entire corridor being measured.Corridor LOS acknowledges that some intersections may experience greater congestion than the corridor as a whole.Using the Section 1:Concise Summary of Alternatives 22 Wage thresholds below,the length-average ADT-to-LOS D volume threshold ratio is calculated.So long as the ratio is less than or equal to 1.00,the corridor is defined as operating at LOS D or better. Table 7:Roadway Corridor Level of Service ADT Thresholds Average Corridor Daily Traffic Threshold Number of Through Lanes on Number of Through Lanes on Two-Way Streets* One-Way Streets Level of Service 2 Lanes 4 Lanes 6 Lanes 2 Lanes 3 Lanes 4 Lanes 5 Lanes A-B <2,780 <5,050 <7,350 <3,030 <4,410 <5,700 <6,910 C 2,780- 5,050- 7,350- 3,030- 4,410- 5,700- 6,910- 5,570 10,100 14,700 6,060 8,820 11,410 13,830 D 5,570- 10,100- 14,700- 6,060- 8,820- 11,410- 13,830- 14,490 28,200 41,800 16,920 25,080 32,440 39,330 E 14,490- 28,200- 41,800- 16,920- 25,080- 32,440- 39,330- 18,800 34,100 48,900 20,460 29,340 37,950 46,010 F >18,800 >34,100 >48,900 >20,460 >29,340 >37,950 >46,010 *All two-way streets assume the presence of a median/turn lanes.Per Florida DOT's implementation of the HCM,a 5 percent capacity factor increase is applied to roads with medians or turn lanes. Source:2010,Highway Capacity Manual;2013 Florida Department of Transportation Q/LOS Handbook;2016 Fehr&Peers. Intersection LOS Intersection LOS was analyzed using Highway Capacity Manual methods in the Synchro 9 software package. Intersection LOS is based on average control delay,which is the amount of delay caused by the traffic signal/stop sign and the queues that form at signals.The LOS thresholds for signalized and unsiganlized intersections are shown below. Table 8:Intersection Level of Service Control Delay Thresholds Level of Service Signalized Intersection:Seconds of Unsignalized Intersection:Seconds Control Delay of Control Delay A 0-10 0-10 B 10-20 10-15 C 20-35 15-25 D 35-55 25-35 E 55-80 35-50 F >80 >50 Note: Delay for LOS evaluation is averaged across all movements for signals and all-way stop-controlled intersections.The highest-delayed approach is evaluated for side-street stop-controlled intersections. Source:2010 Highway Capacity Manual. Roadway Network Impacts of Changing the LOS Standard The proposed Comprehensive Plan,and Citizen Focus alternative,uses both corridor and intersection LOS which is different than the No Action alternative which uses only intersection LOS.In general,the proposed LOS policy allows for additional congestion at certain intersections along the designated Major Arterial Corridor.This approach to a comprehensive arterial congestion analysis is consistent with the SRTCs regional transportation planning policies and the Congestion Management Process that happens to overlap with several corridors.The implications of the LOS policy change are also described below,although the overall assessment of roadway travel performance is assessed using the new LOS policy included in the proposed Comprehensive Plan. Using corridor or area-wide arterial LOS is common in built out areas where there is less available right-of- way to constantly expand intersections and roadways. For example,at a built-out intersection like Sullivan Road and Sprague Avenue, maintaining LOS D conditions would require dual-left turn lanes on all approaches resulting in substantial impacts to adjacent businesses and properties.Now consider this type of widening at all intersections that do not meet the LOS D threshold shown in Table 9 and the City would face a significant challenge related to the cost and right-of-way impacts of maintaining LOS D conditions Section 1:Concise Summary of Alternatives 23 I P a g e everywhere in the community. Thus, the impacts of changing the LOS policy to consider corridor and intersection LOS allows some additional congestion at intersections but to reduces land use, maintenance costs,and capital costs of providing ever-larger transportation infrastructure. No Action Alternative The results of the No Action roadway travel LOS analysis is summarized in the following tables and figure. Table 9:No Action Alternative Intersection PM Peak Hour LOS Results Intersection Delay LOS 1-Argonne Rd/Trent(SR 290) 105 F 2-Pines Rd/Trent(SR 290) 53 D 3-Pines Rd/Mirabeau Pkwy 38 D 4-Sullivan Rd/WellesleyAve 13 B 5-Sullivan Rd/Trent(SR 290)WB 15 B 6- Sullivan Rd/Trent(SR 290)EB 3 A 7-Argonne Rd/I-90 WB Ramp 23 C 8-Argonne Rd/I-90 EB Ramp 25 C 9-Mullan Rd/I-90 WB Ramp 20 C 10-Mullan Rd/I-90 EB Ramp 54 D 11-Pines Rd/Mansfield Ave 33 C 12-Pines Rd/Indiana Ave 43 D 13-1-90 WB Off Ramp(Pines Interchange)/Indiana Ave 21 C 14-Pines Rd/I-90 EB Ramps 44 D 15-Pines Rd/Mission Ave 47 D 16-Mirabeau Pkwy/Mansfield Ave 28 C 17-Mirabeau Pkwy/Indiana Ave 16 B 18-Evergreen Rd/Indiana Ave 25 C 19-Evergreen Rd/I-90 WB Ramps 22 C 20-Evergreen Rd/I-90 EB Ramps 15 B 21-Mission Connector/Mission Ave 13 C 22-Sullivan Rd/Indiana Ave 55 D 23-Sullivan Rd/I-90 WB On Ramp 12 B 24-Sullivan Rd/I-90 EB Ramps 33 C 25-Sullivan Rd/Mission Ave 17 B 26-Sullivan Rd/Broadway 47 D 27-1-90 WB Off Ramp(Sullivan)/Indiana Ave 36 D 28-Barker Rd/Mission Ave 55 D 29-Barker Rd/I-90 WB Ramp 10 A 30-Barker Rd/I-90 EB Ramp 41 D 31-Fancher Rd/Broadway 55 D 32-Thierman Rd/Broadway 30 C 33-1-90 WB Ramp/Broadway 42 D 34-1-90 EB Ramp/Broadway 10 A 35-Argonne Rd/Broadway 30 C 36-Mullan Rd/Broadway 18 B 37-Carnahan Rd/8th Ave 23 C 38-Fancher Rd/Sprague Ave 57 E 39-Thierman Rd/Sprague Ave 22 C 40-Thierman Rd/Appleway Blvd 178 F 41-Dishman Mica Rd/Appleway Blvd 29 C 42-University Rd/Sprague Ave 26 C 43-University Rd/Appleway Blvd 18 B 44- Pines Rd/Sprague Ave 82 F 45-Evergreen Rd/Sprague Ave 53 D 46-Sullivan Rd/Sprague Ave 61 E 47-Barker Rd/Appleway Blvd 40 D 48-Barker Rd/Sprague Ave 16 B Section 1:Concise Summary of Alternatives 24-Wage Intersection Delay LOS 49-SR 27/16th Ave 70 E 50-Bowdish Rd/Dishman Mica Rd 25 C Note:Italicized intersections are part of a Major Arterial Corridor. LOS impacts for Major Arterial Corridors are not assessed for individual intersections,but along the entire corridor. Table 10:No Action Alternative Major Arterial Corridor PM Peak Hour LOS Results Corridor Average Corridor ADT/LOS D Capacity LOS Ratio Argonne/Mullan between Trent and Appleway 0.57 D Pines Road between Trent Avenue and 8th Avenue 0.96 D Evergreen Road between Indiana Avenue and 8th Avenue 0.80 D Sullivan Road between Wellesley Avenue and 8th Avenue 0.95 D Trent Avenue between Argonne Road and Barker Road 0.82 D Sprague Avenue/Appleway between Fancher Road and Park Road 0.76 D ':4 . 41,02ey ,71 ee eXe A _ 7 1-—-—"\I ii—,7' : ,-- „„,,,,,y, r 0 ____,7,#,A.i.' Ail . ir -. .0filo AIN 1 .. I FA . .F.-----r.-4... .), ...wi,......44.____J: I im 11_1i L.00i , .1 ,;:i zoi 4 t -,1i --//7",_ ••••• ARW WO , , Niii /I;4 d'a Wa• 1 P3N r/ C i*eig1�•V�MT114�fMN ira�fail ill. I - ,7- 7V/JI 1Z*LW Y.� 4 Sc *aeriVOW/tAbilA CANVIN Ira ttlGv MI csr+..Recmann a Ow sour Traffic Ccestion 210 \ f4o Acton Alt ioul rvt` - /1" { I. S ,„ a ae r z f 0 ....., Figure 4:No Action Alternative Roadway Segment LOS Results As shown in the data above, under the No Action Alternative, significant adverse roadway travel LOS impacts are expected at the following intersections and roadway segments: • SR 27/16th Avenue • Mission Avenue between Barker Road and Liberty Lake Section 1:Concise Summary of Alternatives 25 Wage • Barker Road between Euclid Avenue and 1-90 • Sullivan Road south of 24th Avenue • 32nd Avenue between SR 27 and Evergreen Road There are other intersections and roadway segments that are operating at LOS E or F,as shown in Table 9, but these locations are subject to the proposed corridor LOS standard.If the existing intersection only LOS were considered,then these additional locations would fail to meet the intersection only LOS standard,and require additional mitigation. Citizen Focus Alternative and Community Prosperity Alternative While there are slight differences in land use assumptions between the Citizen Focus Alternative and the Community Prosperity Alternatives,in terms of travel demand and roadway travel impacts,the two alternatives are very similar.In all cases,the delay/LOS under the Community Prosperity alternative is slightly worse than the Citizen Focus alternative,so the results of the Community Prosperity alternative are used to summarize potential roadway impacts for both Alternatives. The results of the Community Prosperity alternative roadway travel LOS analysis is summarized in tables and figure below. Table 11:Community Prosperity Alternative Intersection PM Peak Hour LOS Results Intersection Delay LOS 1-Argonne Rd/Trent(SR 290) 109 F 2-Pines Rd/Trent(SR 290) 54 D 3-Pines Rd/Mirabeau Pkwy 41 D 4-Sullivan Rd/WellesleyAve 9 A 5-Sullivan Rd/Trent(SR 290)WB 40 D 6- Sullivan Rd/Trent(SR 290)EB 3 A 7-Argonne Rd/I-90 WB Ramp 23 C 8-Argonne Rd/I-90 EB Ramp 26 C 9-Mullan Rd/I-90 WB Ramp 20 C 10-Mullan Rd/I-90 EB Ramp 49 D 11-Pines Rd/Mansfield Ave 33 C 12-Pines Rd/Indiana Ave 44 D 13-1-90 WB Off Ramp(Pines Interchange)/Indiana Ave 21 C 14-Pines Rd/I-90 EB Ramps 44 D 15-Pines Rd/Mission Ave 47 D 16-Mirabeau Pkwy/Mansfield Ave 28 C 17-Mirabeau Pkwy/Indiana Ave 16 B 18-Evergreen Rd/Indiana Ave 25 C 19-Evergreen Rd/I-90 WB Ramps 23 C 20-Evergreen Rd/I-90 EB Ramps 15 B 21-Mission Connector/Mission Ave 15 C 22-Sullivan Rd/Indiana Ave 62 E 23-Sullivan Rd/I-90 WB On Ramp 15 B 24-Sullivan Rd/I-90 EB Ramps 35 C 25-Sullivan Rd/Mission Ave 16 B 26-Sullivan Rd/Broadway 49 D 27-1-90 WB Off Ramp(Sullivan)/Indiana Ave 38 D 28-Barker Rd/Mission Ave 53 D 29-Barker Rd/I-90 WB Ramp 11 B 30-Barker Rd/I-90 EB Ramp 43 D 31-Fancher Rd/Broadway 57 E 32-Thierman Rd/Broadway 18 B 33-1-90 WB Ramp/Broadway 40 D 34-1-90 EB Ramp/Broadway 5 A 35-Argonne Rd/Broadway 30 C Section 1:Concise Summary of Alternatives 26 Wage Intersection Delay LOS 36-MuIlan Rd/Broadway 19 B 37-Carnahan Rd/8th Ave 28 D 38-Fancher Rd/Sprague Ave 62 E 39-Thierman Rd/Sprague Ave 32 C 40-Thierman Rd/Appleway Blvd 195 F 41-Dishman Mica Rd/Appleway Blvd 29 C 42-University Rd/Sprague Ave 47 D 43-University Rd/Appleway Blvd 21 C 44- Pines Rd/Sprague Ave 82 F 45-Evergreen Rd/Sprague Ave 54 D 46-Sullivan Rd/Sprague Ave 61 E 47-Barker Rd/Appleway Blvd 39 D 48-Barker Rd/Sprague Ave 16 B 49-SR 27/16th Ave 74 E 50-Bowdish Rd/Dishman Mica Rd 28 C Note:Italicized intersections are part of a Major Arterial Corridor.LOS impacts for Major Arterial Corridors are not assessed for individual intersections,but along the entire corridor. Table 12:Community Prosperity Alternative Major Arterial Corridor PM Peak Hour LOS Results Corridor Corridor Average ADT LOS Argonne/Mullan between Trent and Appleway 0.58 D Pines Road between Trent Avenue and 8th Avenue 0.96 D Evergreen Road between Indiana Avenue and 8th Avenue 0.82 D Sullivan Road between Wellesley Avenue and 8th Avenue 0.97 D Trent Avenue between Argonne Road and Barker Road 0.84 D Sprague Avenue/Appleway between Fancher Road and Park Road 0.78 D T1 , ,,,, . 4e/ j#, >1. ,1 e, 7-17 rldlsAood Lk —_.'�'"� W.w4+e .r.sww >F71i;if -Lei . , . { �' � I - _ i 11 71311%•.............. ,,..1 Ids I ' A' J 1„ 1 . • , „„.„. ., .. _____„7_,.___,_. .,,,,, . .t., .. y _ , ...... !. .. ___),_,,r4 u. : . /T ..` - NI*g t si st�k.�vaMr�MsiwAa � .�� . , .yd av k-,kith..C`MN kes(UCJU T MIA.t..RF twoto.6 Oce Smt "' r Traffic Caretsdon 2040 Ca,A,*f f YMW tide{Neo metisstiOM) f!,/ 0 I/f/ 1 111 / -.ow* Section 1:Concise Summary of Alternatives 27 I P a g e Figure 5:Community Prosperity Roadway Segment LOS Results I ' e, rfor/riy. 8 r— ''tt' Ail, •'415... --''''''' MI �' 2ggp0 ;A4W 2y1 11 triii. 7,:01_,F., , i ,3•051105 e 830117 1-'4' TWD, J ID 7007:Field 2 °~ oo = g INA 4 j I '+� `,c'+�+/' 0. _ vvN 73820 ..�.nn �— ,,...,-i ~~'....,... ti__. ,..30S' 1,00 -9100 21W WO 2000 ae' 9ea% % $ YpLA 2.7 soda 8 B9a0 E2W 11500 tsWo s2o1 ' `r. .___—�' / 12201 tIAW Liberty Lake r Fkaeamy+we w .�� 11200 12500 r ,. 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VA- Figure 6:Community Prosperity Volume Map As shown in the tables and figure above, under the Community Prosperity alternative, significant adverse roadway travel LOS impacts are expected at the following intersections and roadway segments: • Fancher Road/Broadway • SR 27/16th Avenue • Mission Avenue between Barker Road and Liberty Lake • Barker Road between Euclid Avenue and 1-90 • Barker Road between Sprague Avenue and 8th Avenue • Flora Road between Indiana Avenue and Broadway • Sullivan Road south of 24th Avenue • 32nd Avenue between SR 27 and Evergreen Road There are other intersections and roadway segments that are operating at LOS E or F,as shown in Table 9, but these locations are subject to the proposed corridor LOS standard. Under the proposed corridor LOS standard, these locations do not constitute a roadway travel LOS impact. Mitigation measures to address the roadway travel impacts are listed at the end of this chapter. Non-motorized Travel In 2011,Spokane Valley adopted the Bike and Pedestrian Master Program,a long-term plan that identifies a comprehensive bicycle and pedestrian network and a strategy to implement the improvements over time. Section 1:Concise Summary of Alternatives 28 Wage Over the past several years,Spokane Valley has been implementing the program through the construction of new multi-use trails,bike lanes,signage,and sidewalks. No Action,Citizen Focus,and Community Prosperity Alternatives Each of the alternatives include policy support to continue implementation of the Bike and Pedestrian Master Program including connections to the regional trail network.However,the No Action alternative would continue its policy support through an independent element.Both the Citizen Focus and Community Prosperity alternatives integrate the Bike and Pedestrian Master Program into the plan where appropriate, generally the Transportation Element,but other elements like Land Use,Economic Development,and Housing may include related components. All alternatives would continue implementing development standards and City funding priorities for non- motorized project implementation are the same for all alternatives.Overall,the infrastructure to support non-motorized travel and the resulting environment for biking and walking is expected to improve for all alternatives by 2037.Therefore,no significant adverse impacts are identified for non-motorized travel for any alternative and no mitigation measures are necessary. Public Transit Public transit in Spokane Valley is provided by the Spokane Transit Authority(STA),which is a regional agency that provides transit throughout the Spokane metropolitan area.STA has a comprehensive long- range plan for transit called Connect Spokane.This document outlines a vision for transit in the region, goals/policies related to transit service,and a map of future high performance transit routes. Spokane Valley supports transit through policies to maintain reasonable roadway operations,commute trip reduction programs5,and planning/permitting support for transit infrastructure projects.This type of support would continue for all three alternatives,however,the land use patterns have different implications as described below.Overall,all the alternatives would result in a beneficial outcome for transit service in Spokane Valley and no mitigation measures are necessary. No Action Alternative Under the No Action alternative,growth would continue following past trends.The high density residential zones along Sprague Avenue and Pines Road north of 1-90 would likely see continued development.The area around the new City Hall area is likely to see additional development activity as well.As noted in the land use section,substantial single-family infill development is not expected.The additional higher-density development is expected to have beneficial impacts on transit by encouraging additional ridership on existing and planned transit routes. Citizen Focus Alternative The Citizen Focus alternative is very similar to the No Action alternative in terms of development impacts to transit.Under this alternative,there is somewhat greater potential for transit-supportive development along the Sprague Avenue corridor because of rezoning from medium to high density residential. Community Prosperity Alternative The Community Prosperity alternative closely aligns with the land use/transit goals of Connect Spokane by emphasizing infill development and higher density mixed-use development along existing and planned transit routes.Specifically,the areas along the major north-south arterials,south of Sprague Avenue between the Appleway Trail and 4th Avenue;and near Broadway Ave and Shamrock Road will see more transit-supportive development than the other alternatives.These areas roughly align with STAs proposed High Performance Transit network and existing transit centers. 5 Spokane Valley has an adopted Commute Trip Reduction Implementation Plan Update: 2015-2019 that outlines a series of actions that the Valley will coordinate with CTR employers to assist in meeting city-wide mode share goals. Section 1:Concise Summary of Alternatives 29 Wage Freight and Rail Travel Spokane Valley is situated along major national freight corridors for both trucks and trains.The City of Spokane Valley is also home to a substantial number of manufacturing and distribution facilities that rely on freight corridors,these areas are generally located between 1-90 and the Burlington Northern Santa Fe (BNSF)tracks. No Action,Citizen Focus,and Community Prosperity Alternatives All the alternatives include policy support to continue the implementation of key elements from Bridging the Valley,a major freight and safety enhancement proposal for the Spokane Region.Specifically,Spokane Valley supports the continued efforts to grade separate the BNSF mainline from major roadway crossings like Pines Road and Barker Road.Grade separation projects enhance the speed and reliability of rail freight by reducing the number of conflicts with vehicle traffic.All alternatives also have policies to maintain reasonable roadway operations to ensure access between businesses and the national freight networks. As noted in the Roadway Travel section above,the Citizen Focus and Community Prosperity alternatives include a revised LOS standard this change is not expected to have a substantial impact on freight travel as most freight movement occurs outside of the peak commute period.Overall,there are no significant adverse impacts to freight and rail travel anticipated for any of the alternatives.No mitigation is necessary beyond the measured identified for roadway travel identified in the mitigation measures. Highways of Statewide Significance Spokane Valley has one highway of statewide significance (HSS), I-90,that runs through the City.While the Valley's LOS policies do not apply to HSS facilities, the GMA requires that the Comprehensive Plan EIS evaluate the performance of the HSS facilities within Spokane Valley.This section summarizes the results of the 1-90 analysis. No Action,Citizen Focus,and Community Prosperity Alternatives LOS for freeway segments are also defined by the Highway Capacity Manual.WSDOT has a LOS D standard for the freeways within the urban Spokane area. Below is the 2040 PM peak hour LOS result for 1-90 just east of Argonne/Mu Ilan,where the freeway narrows to three lanes in each direction: Table 13:Freeway LOS Results:Segment between Argonne/Mullan and Pines Road—2040 PM Peak Hour Alternative PM Peak Hour Volume Density(vehicles per lane LOS per mile) Eastbound Westbound Eastbound Westbound Eastbound Westbound No Action 4,845 4,586 29.9 28.0 D D Citizen Focus 4,877 4,590 30.1 28.0 D D Community 4,930 4,591 30.5 28.0 D D Prosperity As shown in Table 13,all freeway segments are expected to operate at an acceptable LOS and no significant adverse impacts to HSS facilities are expected.No mitigation is required. Mitigation Measures This section summarizes the mitigation measures identified to address the roadway travel impacts described above.While no impacts or mitigation were defined for transit,pedestrian,bike,or freight modes, it is important to recognize that the City is expected to continue investing in these modes,often with grants and funds from state,regional,and federal sources.Therefore,future Transportation Improvement Plan lists are likely to include improvements for these modes and projects like the mitigation measures outlined below. Based on the results of the roadway travel impacts,a mitigation measure project list,Table 14,has been identified to reduce the significance of the roadway travel impacts. Section 1:Concise Summary of Alternatives 30 I P a g e Table 14:Mitigation Project List Intersections Description Fancher/Broadway Widen to include east and westbound left-turn lanes and remove split phase Argonne/Trent Add a second westbound left-turn lane SR 27/16th Ave Widen to include east and westbound left-turn lanes and remove split phase Optional intersection reconfiguration:remove one lane of eastbound approach on Appleway;do not allow left turns off Appleway or right turns off Sprague; Theirman/Appleway Sprague and Appleway through movement timed to run concurrently;extend Davis St through between Sprague and Appleway(southbound only with bike lane).The final configuration of this intersection will be determined as part of the North Spokane Corridor project. Barker/Sprague Signalize intersection/roundabout Evergreen/32nd Signalize intersection/roundabout Bowdish/32nd Signalize intersection/roundabout Sullivan/Indiana Add a second westbound left-turn lane 4th/Pines Intersection Improvements(e.g.,traffic signal,turn lanes,access control,etc.) 4th/Ever:reen Intersection Im.rovements(e.:.,traffic si:nal,turn lanes,access control,etc.) Roadway Segment Description 8th(Havana to Park) Widen to urban 3-lane standards Carnahan(8th to city limit) Widen to 3-lane urban section Sullivan(24th to city limit) Widen to 5-lane urban section Barker(Euclid to Appleway) Widen to 5-lane urban section Mission(east of Barker) Widen to 4-lane urban arterial with turn lanes at key intersections 32nd(SR 27 to Evergreen) Widen to 4-lane urban arterial with turn lanes at key intersections Sullvan(Kiernan to Wellesley) Widen to 5-lane urban section Barker(Appleway to city limits) Widen to 3-lane urban section Flora(Indiana to Sprague) Widen to urban 3-lane section;consider limiting left-turn access between Indiana and Broadway Mission(Flora to Barker) Widen to 3-lane urban section Conklin(Broadway to Sprague) Widen to 3-lane urban section Valle wa (Adams to Flora) Widen to 3-lane urban section Transportation System and Description Demand Management(Non- Capacity Projects) Intelligent Transportation Systems Continue implementing Intelligent Transportation Systems(ITS),which include signal coordination,adaptive signal control,incident reporting,and other technologies.Coordinate with the Regional Transportation Management Center. Commute Trip Reduction and Implement the Spokane Valley Commute Trip Reduction Implementation Plan Transportation Demand Update:2015-2019.Work with employers to provide information,marketing Management Programs materials,training,and support to reduce drive-alone commuting to workplaces in Spokane Valley. Coordinate with Spokane Transit Continue to work with Spokane Transit Authority to implement transit service Authority improvements,including High Capacity Transit on major corridors in Spokane Valley to provide other options to driving. Encourage Infill and Higher As identified in the Land Use Element,infill and higher density development is Density Development envisioned along many of the Valley's major arterial and transit routes.This development generates fewer auto trips than comparable lower density development that is not near transit and other commercial uses. Pedestrian and Bicycle Continue to implement the non-motorized transportation network identified Infrastructure in the Pedestrian and Bicycle Master Program to provide other options to driving in the community. With the improvements listed in Mitigation Project List table,intersection and roadway segment operations improve. Table 15 summarizes the intersection LOS and Figure 5 summarizes the roadway segment LOS results for the Community Prosperity alterative with mitigations. Section 1:Concise Summary of Alternatives 31 Wage Table 15:Community Prosperity Alternative with Mitigation-Intersection PM Peak Hour LOS Results Intersection Delay LOS 1-Argonne Rd/Trent(SR 290) 96 F 2-Pines Rd/Trent(SR 290) 54 D 3-Pines Rd/Mirabeau Pkwy 41 D 4-Sullivan Rd/WellesleyAve 9 A 5-Sullivan Rd/Trent(SR 290)WB 40 D 6- Sullivan Rd/Trent(SR 290)EB 3 A 7-Argonne Rd/I-90 WB Ramp 23 C 8-Argonne Rd/I-90 EB Ramp 26 C 9-Mullan Rd/I-90 WB Ramp 20 C 10-Mullan Rd/I-90 EB Ramp 49 D 11-Pines Rd/Mansfield Ave 33 C 12-Pines Rd/Indiana Ave 44 D 13-1-90 WB Off Ramp(Pines Interchange)/Indiana Ave 21 C 14-Pines Rd/I-90 EB Ramps 44 D 15-Pines Rd/Mission Ave 47 D 16-Mirabeau Pkwy/Mansfield Ave 28 C 17-Mirabeau Pkwy/Indiana Ave 16 B 18-Evergreen Rd/Indiana Ave 25 C 19-Evergreen Rd/I-90 WB Ramps 23 C 20-Evergreen Rd/I-90 EB Ramps 15 B 21-Mission Connector/Mission Ave 13 C 22-Sullivan Rd/Indiana Ave 48 D 23-Sullivan Rd/I-90 WB On Ramp 13 B 24-Sullivan Rd/I-90 EB Ramps 35 C 25-Sullivan Rd/Mission Ave 16 B 26-Sullivan Rd/Broadway 48 D 27-1-90 WB Off Ramp(Sullivan)/Indiana Ave 38 D 28-Barker Rd/Mission Ave 53 D 29-Barker Rd/I-90 WB Ramp 11 B 30-Barker Rd/I-90 EB Ramp 43 D 31-Fancher Rd/Broadway 27 C 32-Thierman Rd/Broadway 29 C 33-1-90 WB Ramp/Broadway 52 D 34-1-90 EB Ramp/Broadway 5 A 35-Argonne Rd/Broadway 30 C 36-Mullan Rd/Broadway 19 B 37-Carnahan Rd/8th Ave 28 D 38-Fancher Rd/Sprague Ave 62 E 39-Thierman Rd/Sprague Ave 32 C 40-Thierman Rd/Appleway Blvd 24 C 41-Dishman Mica Rd/Appleway Blvd 29 C 42-University Rd/Sprague Ave 47 D 43-University Rd/Appleway Blvd 21 C 44- Pines Rd/Sprague Ave 82 F 45-Evergreen Rd/Sprague Ave 54 D 46-Sullivan Rd/Sprague Ave 65 E 47-Barker Rd/Appleway Blvd 39 D 48-Barker Rd/Sprague Ave 16 B 49-SR 27/16th Ave 34 C 50-Bowdish Rd/Dishman Mica Rd 29 C Note:Italicized intersections are part of a Major Arterial Corridor.LOS impacts for Major Arterial Corridors are not assessed for individual intersections,but along the entire corridor. Section 1:Concise Summary of Alternatives 32 I P a g e „ ,,c.„,„ Cfl*4brw Ana .7/ r#:)(//://, ,/, tidel ,,,,m, , '--. delarreirizej” , :7.dor --r e ■■ P M ratxau`., Ery OA "� Felts Fletd "s =1 Mon „�ry :,tea 1/ • 1 "may 1_- � lcaaa ... AAartSfieid � • Ytdiane r Spokan• I ...1 � -g Y I 1 U }I & E _.:;////://// torauue k9 . H�, F ati,41h5 P c If i ///' 4 �y 1e,z 7 ejo .4,1r 18th /J /A' /! 'bs 241h 3'' 3204 o�rm, '�' �+ A r Spokane Valley Level of Service „„ rsrfe4raya,a., Municipal Ba il 'Qpoke e Vall,,y /Spokane Valley Urba Grown,Area MAP10, — Parks,Recreation&Open Space 44th w Thur . 2040 LOS \. Community Prosperity with MPtigation LO5 A ,/. L o,0 //� ...-ri Mika Figure 7:Community Prosperity Roadway Segment with Mitigation LOS Results As shown in Tables 15 and Figure 5,with the mitigations in place only the segment of Flora Road between Indiana Avenue and Broadway is expected to operate at LOS E conditions,exceeding the City's LOS threshold.All of the intersections that are outside of the Major Arterial Corridors operate at LOS D or better and several of the intersections on the Major Arterial Corridors also have LOS improvements, although capacity enhancements will only be implemented to address safety concerns or after other non- capacity solutions are evaluated. Addressing the LOS E condition on Flora Road would be an expensive project,as it would require replacement of the bridge over 1-90 and close coordination with WSDOT.A close evaluation of the ADT on this segment shows that it is just over the LOS E threshold and some minor modifications to the roundabouts at Flora Road/Indiana Avenue and Flora Road/Broadway,along with some strategic access management along the corridor could result in LOS D conditions.These types of solutions should be evaluated before any widening be considered. Significant Unavoidable Adverse Impacts The mitigation measures described above would result in Spokane Valley meeting the new proposed LOS standard,with the possible exception of Flora Road between Indiana and Broadway.However,with the intersection improvements and access control described above,it is probable that that segment could also be managed to maintain LOS D conditions overall. While this mitigation strategy generally meets the new LOS policy,it is important to note that the new LOS policy allows for some additional peak hour congestion and thus roadway travel impacts compared with the current LOS policy.As noted in Table 15,there are some intersections on the Major Arterial Corridors that Section 1:Concise Summary of Alternatives 33 I P a g e cannot operate at LOS D conditions without substantial and expensive intersection widening projects that would have a major impact on surrounding property owners.While the City of Spokane Valley may ultimately pursue some additional widening at these locations,it is not in the best interest of the City to have a policy that compels such expensive and disruptive intersection construction projects.Therefore,we find that the change in LOS policy could result in a significant and unavoidable adverse impact to roadway travel for all alternatives.We believe that the tradeoff in accepting slightly more peak hour traffic congestion is justified based on the cost savings,improvement to urban form,and reduced property owner impacts. Section 1:Concise Summary of Alternatives 34 I P a g e 1.4: Housing Analysis Under all Alternatives the City of Spokane Valley would experience additional development in order to accommodate new residents and jobs.The new development would lead to new housing both single-family and multifamily as compared to existing conditions.The impacts related to housing are discussed in more detail in the following sections.The impacts are expected to be similar for the No Action and Citizen Focus alternatives;any differences between these two alternatives are noted. Housing Location No Action and Citizen Focus Alternative Under the No Action and Citizen Focus alternatives,future housing would be accommodated by existing designations:Low Density Residential- LDR(6 units per acre),Medium Density Residential - MDR(12 units per acre),High Density Residential - HDR(22 units per acre),Corridor Mixed Use-CMU(22 units per acre),and Mixed Use Center- MUC(22 units per acre). Table 6 shows the number of acres by designation that accommodates housing for the No Action and Citizen Focus alternatives.It also shows as a percentage of total land,including non-residential designations,which can accommodate housing.The Citizen Focus alternative removes land from the LDR and MDR designations(identified in italics)and adds land to the HDR and CMU designations(identified in bold),for additional information see the Land Use Conversion section of this document. Table 14:Housing Designations Comparison No Action and Citizen Focus Designation No Action Acres No Action%of Total Citizen Focus Acres Citizen Focus%of Total LDR 10,866.89 54% 10,821.72 54% MDR 826.64 4% 808.25 4% HDR 796.46 4% 858.65 4% CMU 836.28 4% 840.18 4% MUC 692.55 3% 692.55 3% Figure 4 shows those designations that accommodate housing.The No Action alternative assumes that the location of existing designations that accommodate housing would remain the same.The Citizen Focus alternative assumes minor increase of CMU (about 4 acres)and a bigger increase in HDR(about 62 acres). The location of these increases are adjacent to higher intensity designations,so the impacts to are minimal. The majority of HDR increase in the Citizen Focus alternative is proposed along Broadway Avenue east of Sullivan Road,the exact location of this change can be found in the land use section above and its transportation impacts are discussed in the transportation section. New single-family dwellings would continue to be added on vacant lands and on partially developed lands where lots can be further subdivided.No new areas are designated for single-family development.It's not expected any significant impacts would result from the location of housing. Section 1:Concise Summary of Alternatives 35 Wage I, a i, i*F fir. - fit •�i '711 i 41. I r - _ r Fg' Hamm Csslpnatrom Ho ilsUanand Chun Foam u.nsoma.vue. CdNide Limed Lir mem 44,.DMOV ...,.. A u .mnw,wwar Cmm,gmhmniar.Plan Reaipnaiiona _„,y,m__..,..rb Figure 8:Housing Locations No Action and Citizen Focus Alternatives Community Prosperity Alternative Under the Community Prosperity alternative,future housing would be accommodated by the following designations:Single Family Residential-SFR(6 units per acre),Multiple Family Residential - MFR,Corridor Mixed Use-CMU,and Mixed Use- MU.The Community Prosperity alternative assumes that there would not be a density limit in the MFR,CMU and MU designations in locations with access to services like open space and parks and public transit. Table 7 shows the number of acres by designation that accommodates housing for the Community Prosperity and No Action alternatives.It also shows as a percentage of total land,including non-residential designations,which can accommodate housing.It shows increased acreages in bold and decreased acreages in italics. The Community Prosperity alternative MFR designation includes all existing HDR and most MDR,but as the table indicates the amount of land designated multiple family in the Community Prosperity alternative is lower than the No Action alternative.However,the Community Prosperity substantially increases the amount of CMU,which allows multiple family development.It's likely the CMU designation will see increased multiple family development. Table 15:Percentage of Land for Residential Use Community Prosperity Acres of No Action Designations(2006) Acres of Designations(2016) Total Total Sin:le Famil Residential(SFR) 10,921 54% Low Densit Residential(LDR) 10,867 54% Medium Densit Residential(MDR) 827 4% Multiple Family Residential(MFR) 1,261 6% 796 4% High Density Residential(HDR) Section 1:Concise Summary of Alternatives 36 I P a g e Corridor Mixed Use(CMU) 1,621 8% Corridor Mixed Use(CMU) 836 4% Mixed Use(MU) 684 3% Mixed Use Center(MUC) 693 3% Source:City of Spokane Valley,2016. Figure 5 shows the locations of those designations that accommodate housing.The Community Prosperity alternative is similar to the No Action and Citizen Focus alternatives in where housing is allowed;however, the Community Prosperity alternative designated major north-south corridors(Argonne,Pines,and Evergreen)as CMU.This change from Office to Corridor Mixed Use,opens those corridors to multiple family development where it was previously prohibited.Another new multiple family location is along 4th Avenue near Havana. New single-family dwellings would continue to be added on vacant lands and on partially developed lands where lots can be further subdivided. No new areas are designated for single-family development, these areas are seen in Figure 5 as yellow. It's not expected any significant impacts would result from the location of housing. ■ r ■ , ■r tv___.--- ■■■i �.- IM arrim � • 01 � r - 1 1117‘...j.j--- 7-1-41 r di I....,.Daa4ynafioCommumry Proavanry m u,n snow....2616 Cnm➢r.M1analrs Plan Dnlvna6ana _... I. Figure 9:Community Prosperity Housing Locations Housing Affordability One of the goals of GMA is to provide Washington residents with affordable housing options.In general attached dwellings are often more affordable than single-family detached dwellings.All the alternatives would add single-family and multifamily dwellings in Spokane Valley,but the Citizen Focus and Community Prosperity alternatives would provide more opportunity for multifamily dwellings as discussed below. Section 1:Concise Summary of Alternatives 37 Wage No Action Alternative Under the No Action Alternative,residential development would continue in accordance with the trends of the existing Comprehensive Plan.Residential development would likely intensify in the future as compared to exiting conditions as partially used or vacant lots were developed.However,the No Action Alternative would provide less residential development than under either the Citizen Focus or Community Prosperity alternatives.Most the development would occur as single-use,lower density residential development than under the action alternatives. Citizen Focus Alternative Under the Citizen Focus alternative,residential development would generally be similar to the No Action alternative with a few exceptions.Figure 6 shows those areas that the Citizen Focus alternative changes the designation from the No Action alternative to increase multiple family housing opportunities.The Citizen Focus alternative proposed approximately 62 acres of new HDR designated land,at 22 units per acre this could potentially result in 1,364 dwelling units over the No Action alternative. In addition to multiple family opportunities,the Citizen Focus alternative also includes policy changes to allow for a variety of housing types,like tiny homes,cottage homes,accessory dwelling units.There are also policies to reduce the minimum lot size in a new zone called SFR-3,a consolidation of the existing R-3 and R- 4 zones.While the policy does not increase density it's expected that the decreased lot size enhances flexibility and would increase the number of single family lots developed in the City and increase affordability. --"kiiit irmliw.mt ❑ta F1oR 111 CAR 15-003 -Mi1 111 DRmHOR f Nil ,_. _LrCAR o HDR e5.00a3., ,--iii hi. , „„ [ k - -I WC A s Community Focus Alternative { ..r.:.. y Co.p.an..i.v.Plan nnyunm. R.gnesm..a[.rtwi 1 pk� la -.-•. :i m..e v..c..,e - c...m,w.m.n:w n.a.n u.. -Rripiprul Ce.uueui I L.c...yR.w.,-..! un iro.+.ue w...nr w...,Rn....., -wr.r,.1wnr —Hip o.,.rr R..e..u.iY- -P.Mc swn. -max.-�.- CnR15C 15i I MDR 53 FOR IN 002 LUCHU CAR 15.0012 R1.--_— HDR to V im o � GR 15• Ii:rs� MI����� caR1s-ouzo olo.aala ���' ET.t.. . ',7,<-:.. .,,,--,,,,,‘, 1��0 MOR W HOR ,.;H„R 1 N Figure 10:Citizen Focus Multiple Family Expansions Section 1:Concise Summary of Alternatives 38 Wage Community Prosperity Alternative Under the Community Prosperity alternative,single-family residential development would generally be similar to the No Action alternative. Like the Citizen Focus alternative,the Community Prosperity alternative includes policies to reduce the minimum lot size in a new zone called SFR-3,a consolidation of the existing R-3 and R-4 zones.While the policy does not increase density it's expected that the decreased lot size enhances flexibility and would increase the number of single family lots developed in the City and increase affordability. The Community Prosperity includes the eliminating the MDR designation and allocating portions of that designation into other residential and mixed use designations.Table 8 shows the relationship of residential land between the Community Prosperity and No Action alternatives.The table shows a loss of 362 acres multiple family land;however,the alternative has an increase of 785 acres for the Corridor Mixed Use designation,which allows multiple family development.It is not expected that all of the new CMU land would develop with multiple family type development,but it's likely that CMU will see an increase in multiple family development especially where it took the place of Office. Another policy change assumed by this alternative is the removal of density limitations for multiple family development.Instead where multiple family development is allowed the MFR,CMU,and MU designations,a set of transitional provisions would drive the number of units developed.For the sake of analysis the analysis-especially transportation,assumes up to 40 units per acre. Table 16:Community Prosperity Acres for Residential Uses Comparison Community Prosperity Acres No Action Designations(2006) Acres Difference Designations(2016) Single Family Residential(SFR) 10,921 Low Density Residential(LDR) 10,867 54 Medium Density Residential(MDR) 827 Multiple Family Residential(MFR) 1,261 796 (362) High Density Residential(HDR) Corridor Mixed Use(CMU) 1,621 Corridor Mixed Use(CMU) 836 785 Mixed Use(MU) 684 Mixed Use Center(MUC) 693 (8) Housing Capacity No Action and Citizen Focus Alternatives Based on the Residential Land Capacity Needs6,the No Action and Citizen Focus alternatives have an estimated population capacity of 19,980 and estimated dwelling unit capacity of 9,076.The City has adopted a population target of 14,650 as recommended by Steering Committee of Elected Officials for Spokane County. The No Action and Citizen Focus alternatives have a potential surplus of 2,697 dwelling units within the 20- year planning horizon.This estimate is based on a total estimated housing need of 6,379(3,962 single family and 2,417 multiple family)in 2037,and a total capacity of 9,076 dwelling units,and the following assumptions: • 14,650 people will need housing by 2037 • 2.5 people per single family unit and 2.0 people per multiple family unit • 67%of future dwelling units will be single family(based on 2016 Office of Financial Management estimates) • 33%of future dwelling units will be multiple family(based on 2016 Office of Financial Management estimates) 6 ECONorthwest Memorandum,June 24, 1015,Subject: Spokane Valley Residential Land Capacity Needs Section 1:Concise Summary of Alternatives 39 Wage Table 17:Estimated Housing Capacity for the No Action and Citizen Focus Alternatives Forecast Need Percent Share People/Unit Forecast Need Population(2037) of Housing Housing(2037) Single Family 14,650 67% 2.5 3,962 Multiple Family 14,650 33% 2.0 2,417 Community Prosperity Alternative The Community Prosperity alternative estimates population capacity of 21,852 and estimated dwelling unit capacity of 9,784.The higher capacity is due to the conversion of Medium Density Residential to designations that allow higher densities(this change is discussed in the land use section of this analysis). Using the same population target and assumptions identified in No Action and Citizen Focus alternatives, the Community Prosperity alternative has a potential surplus of 3,405 housing units(total capacity 9,784 minus total estimated need 6,379). Mitigation Measures Proposed changes to the City of Spokane Valley's Comprehensive Plan land use map, land use designations, goals,policies to address potential housing impacts include: • The adoption of residential housing options that allow a diverse range of housing types,including cottage housing,accessory dwelling units,tiny homes. • Amended residential development standards to support infill and redevelopment opportunities. • Adopt policies to support ongoing work efforts with partner agencies to provide housing services for special populations such as those living in poverty,the elderly,disabled,and mentally ill. Significant Unavoidable Adverse Impacts No significant impacts on housing are expected with implementation of the mitigation measures. Section 1:Concise Summary of Alternatives 40 Wage 1.5 Natural Environment Under all of the EIS Alternatives,the City of Spokane Valley would experience increased development in order to accommodate new residents and employment in the City.This new development could have impacts on various elements of the natural environment including:earth;air;water;and plants and animals.. This section includes a brief discussion of these additional elements of the environment and the potential impacts resulting from development that occurs pursuant to each of these alternatives.This section considers each of the elements of the natural environment as a group and at a level of detail appropriate to the scope of this non-project proposal. The Natural Environment Element of the Comprehensive Plan describes existing conditions of the elements of the natural environment in the City.In summary,the majority of Spokane Valley is already developed for residential,commercial,and industrial uses,leaving only limited opportunities for unaltered natural environment.Majority of the undeveloped areas within the City are located along the Spokane River and local streams including associated riparian areas and wetlands.There are about 326 acres within the shoreline buffer,approximately 60 percent of this area is publically owned and maintained as public open space. These elements of the natural environment that constitute the majority of the undeveloped and unaltered natural environment in the city are located in the shoreline and are more specifically described and evaluated in the City's extensive analysis prepared for the 2015 Shoreline Master Program Update. The relevant documents include the City's Shoreline Master Program,dated September 3,2015 and the following supporting documents:Inventory and Characterization Report,dated September 7,2010; No Net Loss Report,dated May 31,2013;and Cumulative Impacts Analysis,dated September 26,2014.These documents are incorporated by reference and are made available for public review at the Spokane Valley Planning Department,City Hall 11707,East Sprague Ave#106. In summary,these documents describe the elements of the natural environment within the riparian corridor of the Spokane River and the extensive state ownership of many of those areas.They explore in detail the Spokane River in segments and characterize ecological functions of the natural elements of the environment within each segment(including biodiversity,native plant and animal community integrity,etc.).The Shoreline Master Program and its associated supporting documents,which are unchanged by the underlying proposal,ensure no net loss of existing ecological functions and values.Accordingly,the Shoreline Master Program is the regulatory mechanism that provides adequate protection for the majority of the undeveloped areas within the City. More generally,the Natural Environment Element of the draft Comprehensive Plan describes existing air quality conditions and designates and identifies the location of specific elements of the natural environment throughout the city,including:wetlands,aquifer recharge areas,fish and wildlife habitat areas,frequently flooded areas,geologically hazardous areas,and surface water bodies.The location of these critical areas were part of the evaluative process for land use map and development regulation changes proposed in the preferred alternative. As described below,it is not anticipated that development pursuant to any of the alternatives will have significant adverse impacts on the natural environment,in light of the existing conditions of the natural environment in the City. Additionally,development pursuant to the Citizen Focus and Community Prosperity Alternatives will be consistent with updated development regulations,including critical areas regulations that are expressly designed to protect those aspects of the natural environment. No Action Alternative Development under the No Action Alternative would continue under existing policies and development regulations.The alternative would continue to see increases of residential,commercial,and industrial development over present conditions.This alternative assumes no changes to the existing development regulations,including the critical area regulations,which under the other alternatives have been updated to include best available science.However,the Shoreline Master Program,adopted in 2015 would protect critical areas within shoreline jurisdiction,where the majority of undeveloped areas exist.The existing Section 1:Concise Summary of Alternatives 41 Wage critical areas ordinance under current code that currently applies in areas outside of the shoreline jurisdiction is a holdover from the City's incorporation in 2003 and has not been updated to incorporate best available science. Citizen Focus and Community Prosperity Alternatives New development under the Citizen Focus and Community Prosperity alternatives would occur under a new set of development regulations.Residential,commercial,and industrial development is expected to intensify in the future as compared to exiting conditions and the No Action alternative.In addition to minor housekeeping amendments,the alternatives include the following amendments to the development regulations,which have been described earlier in this environmental review: • Updated critical area regulations to incorporate best available science. • Transitional provisions to protect lower intensity uses from higher intensity uses that include setbacks,buffering,and high limitations. • State Environmental Policy Act Categorical Infill exemption for multi-family and mixed use development in four areas: Carnahan Infill Area, Mirabeau Infill Area, East Sprague Infill Area,and East Broadway Infill Area. • Streamlined permitted use table with supporting supplementary standards. • Residential housing options to allow for a variety of housing types and a diversity of housing design and development to ensure compatibility with surround single-family development. • Eliminating density limitations in the MFR,CMU,and MU implementing zones to provide for greater flexibility. Development pursuant to these regulations will accommodate projected population growth.That development is unlikely to have significant adverse impacts to the natural environment because the regulations facilitate development in appropriate locations that are already characterized by development where the natural environment has been altered previously.For example,development that would qualify for the infill exemption would occur,by definition,on underutilized and underdeveloped lots that are within areas of existing development.Similarly,elimination of density limitations to provide for greater flexibility will increase development in altered areas,outside of the natural environment.Most importantly,any development will be consistent with updated critical areas regulations that incorporate best available science and are designed to mitigate impacts to the natural environment,for example,development in the Carnahan Infill Area where there is identified flooding issues. Mitigation Measures Both the Citizen Focus alternative and the preferred alternative proposed as presented in the Comprehensive Plan and supporting development regulations accommodate projected growth while mitigating any impacts to the natural environment,in particular through adoption of updated critical areas regulations.No additional mitigation measures are necessary.While the No Action alternative would allow development in altered areas and would continue to protect the majority of the unaltered natural environment in the City through the existing shoreline master program,it does not include the updated critical areas regulations(including best available science)that would apply outside of the shoreline and provide important mitigation. Finally,under any alternative,many development projects,especially those of a larger scale,will trigger project-level SEPA review in which the lead agency can evaluate impacts of the specific development be evaluated when project details are proposed. Significant Unavoidable Adverse Impacts No significant impacts on the natural environment are expected with the mitigation measures identified. Section 1:Concise Summary of Alternatives 42 Wage SECTION 2 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT SUMMARY: 2.1 Alternative Comparison Matrix Alternatives No Action Citizen Focus Community Prosperity(Preferred) ECONOMIC WELFARE Infrastructure investment and priority Infrastructure investment is Similar to No Action but includes Same as Citizen Focus. expected to progress as it has in the strategic actions to target past consistent with adopted plans, investment opportunities and policies and programs. infrastructure improvements. Site Certification No change to the existing policy New policies and actions that Same as Citizen Focus and creating framework,which does not have support pursuing a Certified Sites a single industrial designation,which policy support for a Certified Sites program in the City's north-east would allow for more industrial uses program. industrial area. in Light Industrial areas.See Section 1 for related mitigation measures. Retail and Tourism Strategies Existing policy framework will Includes significant policy changes Same as Citizen Focus. remain the same.Recent retail and to incorporate the policies and tourism policies and strategies strategies of recent retail and studies would not be incorporated tourism studies,which are likely to into the Comprehensive Plan. increase retail and tourism related development.The tourism study will recommendations for several site specific project that may need separate SEPA analysis. Section 2: Environmental Impact Summary:Alternative Comparison Matrix 43 Alternatives No Action Citizen Focused Community Prosperity(Preferred) LAND USE/PLANS AND POLICIES Land Use Patterns Land use patterns would continue as Similar to No Action with very minor The land use patterns are generally provided for in the 2014 site specific changes. similar to both No Action and Comprehensive Plan(initially Citizen Focus alternatives with a adopted in 2006).The 2014 plan couple notable differences.The first continued with the core values of difference is allowing non-office neighborhood preservation growing development in the and preserving the economy,and underperforming office corridors. responsive and consistent Another difference is increasing the regulations.The land use patterns density of multi-family development will continue with low density south of Sprague. residential uses predominately to With the implementation of the south with a mix of commercial associated zoning provisions,this development along Sprague Ave. alternative will also see increased The underused office corridors single-family infill development; along Argonne and Pines north of however,this development will be Sprague would remain as office. at the same density of the No Action Along the south side of river from and Citizen Focus alternatives. Pines to Flora would continue as the major hub for mixed use commercial on the north side of the river would continue as the major industrial center.Higher density residential would continue mixed throughout the city generally adjacent to commercial and office uses especially south of Sprague. Land Use Designations and Zoning Section 2: Environmental Impact Summary:Alternative Comparison Matrix 44 No Action Citizen Focused Community Prosperity(Preferred) This alternative assumes no change Similar to the No Action alternative The Community Prosperity from the 2006 adopted future land with about 72 acres converting from proposes several changes to the use and zoning map. a lower intensity designation to future land use and zoning map.The higher density designation,nearly changes are summarized,below: 86%of the change is converting • Name Changes-some of from low density single-family(6 these changes are a units per acre)or medium density consequence of combining multifamily(12 units per acre)to designations(light and heavy high density multifamily(22 units industrial become Industrial). per acre) Other Mixed Use Center changed to reflect the intent better(Mixed Use). • Designation Elimination-an effort was made to eliminate redundancies,streamline wording,and remove inefficiencies.The Office and Commercial designations changed to Corridor Mixed Use and the Medium Density Residential (a multi-family designation)changed to Multi- Family Residential • New Designation-a new Industrial Mixed Use designation was created to accommodate the industrial like character along Trent Avenue(changed from Corridor Mixed Use) • Other Changes-this alternative designated the Appleway Trail as Parks and Open Space and similar housekeeping changes like removing split designations. Population Section 2: Environmental Impact Summary:Alternative Comparison Matrix 45 No Action Citizen Focused Community Prosperity(Preferred) Population Allocation/Target The No Action Alternative Same as No Action. Same as No Action. accommodates the City's 20 year population allocation of 14,650 for a total population of 109,913 in 2037. Preservation of Neighborhoods The existing regulations and Includes new regulations to protect The same as the Citizen Focus protections for neighborhoods lower intensity designations from alternative,and the use of the would remain the same;these higher intensity designations,for Categorical Infill exemption where include a relational setback which example,single family from multi- services are available and higher requires building heights to be family.These regulations build on intensity development is planned for stepped back from the property line. the existing relational setback and can be accommodated. adding buffers and screening and/or allowing smaller buildings along property line in effort to protect neighborhoods. Alternatives No Action Citizen Focus Preferred TRANSPORTATION Roadway Travel Section 2: Environmental Impact Summary:Alternative Comparison Matrix 46 The No Action alternative would The Citizen Focus alternative would Same as Citizen Focus alternative result in LOS impacts at the result in LOS impacts at the following intersections and roadway following intersections and roadway segments: segments: • SR 27/16th Avenue • Fancher Road/Broadway • Barker Road/Sprague • SR 27/16th Avenue Avenue • Barker Road/Sprague • Mission Avenue between Avenue Barker Road and Liberty • Mission Avenue between Lake Barker Road and Liberty • Barker Road between Lake Euclid Avenue and 1-90 • Barker Road between • Sullivan Road south of 24th Euclid Avenue and 1-90 Avenue • Barker Road between • 32nd Avenue between SR Sprague Avenue and 8th 27 and Evergreen Road Avenue • Flora Road between Indiana There other intersections and Avenue and Broadway roadway segments that are • Sullivan Road south of 24th operating at LOS E or F,as shown in Avenue Table 9,but these locations are • 32nd Avenue between SR subject to the proposed corridor 27 and Evergreen Road LOS standard.If the existing intersection only LOS were There other intersections and considered,then these additional roadway segments that are locations would fail to meet the operating at LOS E or F,as shown in intersection only LOS,and require Table 9,but these locations are additional mitigation. subject to the proposed corridor LOS standard.Mitigation measures to address the roadway travel impacts are listed at the end of this chapter. Non-motorized Travel Section 2: Environmental Impact Summary:Alternative Comparison Matrix 47 The No Action alternative would The Citizen Focus alternative would Same as Citizen Focus alternative. continue support of non-motorized continue the support of non- travel through the Bike and motorized travel similar to the No Pedestrian Master Program as an Action alternative,however,the independent element of the components of the Bike and Comprehensive Plan. Pedestrian Master Program have Implementation of that element will been incorporated into other continue through the construction various elements of the of new multi-use trails,bike lanes, Comprehensive Plan notably the signage,and sidewalks. Transportation Element and the Economic Development Element. Public Transit Growth would continue consistent with past trends with higher density residential development occurring along Sprague and Pines Road north of 1-90.However,development is likely to occur at a slower pace since new higher density multiple-family development would require an associated rezone request. However,these areas are generally along existing and planned transit routes. Freight and Rail Mobility Includes policy support for Same as No Action alternative. Same as Citizen Focus alternative. implementing Bridging the Valley,a major freight and safety enhancement proposal for the Spokane Region that aims to reduce the number of conflicts with vehicle traffic.Includes policies to maintain roadway operations to ensure access between businesses and the national freight networks. Section 2: Environmental Impact Summary:Alternative Comparison Matrix 481 Alternatives No Action Citizen Focus Preferred HOUSING Housing Location Future housing would be Generally the same as the No Action The Community Prosperity accommodated by the existing alternative but with minor shifts alternative several changes to designations in their existing from one designation to another. streamline the comprehensive plan locations.The majority of land These shifts include reducing Low and implementing regulations: within,54%is designated Low Density Residential by about 45 • Rename the High Density Density Residential followed by4% acres and reducing Medium Density Residential to Multiple Family Medium Density Residential,High Residential about 20 acres and Residential (MFR). Density Residential,and Corridor increasing High Density Residential • Eliminating the Medium Mixed Use.Mixed Use Center is 3% by about 61 acres and Corridor Density Residential of- MUC(22 units per acre). Mixed use by about 4 acres. designation,and absorbing the There is a one-to-one relationship The alternative also includes policy majority of designation into between comp plan designations to changes that reduce the number of the new MFR designation. zoning districts for all designations Single Family zones to three(R-1,R- • Reduce the number of except Low Density Residential 2,and R-3),and in the R-3 zone multiple family zones to one. which has four implementing zones allow for a minimum lot size of 5,000 • Reduce the number of single R-1,R-2,R-3,and R-4. square feet but retain the density family residential zones to limit of 6 units per acre.(This change three(R-1,R-2,and R-3) accommodates the unique • Allow for a 5,000 square foot development pattern of the City lot size in the R-3 zone but allowing for easier infill retain the 6 units per acre development.) density.(This change accommodates the City's unique development pattern for infill development.) Housing Affordability Section 2: Environmental Impact Summary:Alternative Comparison Matrix 49 The development of housing and the This alternative would provide for This alternative would be similar to provision of housing would occur affordable housing similar to the No the Citizen Focus but would provide under the existing policy Action alternative in regards to substantially more multiple family framework.While residential single family development but development by converting most of development would continue, would see increased multiple family Medium Density Residential to a vacant and partially used lots would development in areas that were higher density multiple family likely continue to be a challenge to designated High Density Residential designation and a mixed use single family development.The from other designations. designation. Medium Density Residential This alternative includes policy designation which is not marketable changes to allow for a variety of under existing standards would housing types like tiny homes, likely remain vacant.In general it's cottage housing,and accessory expected housing affordability dwelling units.This alternative also would be reduced. includes policy changes that would allow for a smaller minimum lot size but retain the density limit of 6 units per acre.(This change accommodates the unique development pattern of the City allowing for easier infill development.) Housing Capacity There is a potential surplus of 2,697 Same as No Action This alternative has a higher total dwelling units within the planning dwelling unit capacity of 9,783 due horizon.Based on a total estimated to the conversion of Medium housing need of 6,379 for 2037 and Density Residential to a higher a total capacity of 9,076 dwelling allowed density and Office to units. Corridor Mixed Use which allows multiple family dwellings.Therefore there is greater has a potential surplus than the other alternatives- 3,404 housing units(total capacity 9,783-total estimated need 6,379). No Action Citizen Focus Preferred NATURAL ENVIRONMENT Section 2: Environmental Impact Summary:Alternative Comparison Matrix 50 Development would continue under In addition to the No Action Same as Citizen Focus alternative existing policies and development alternative,this alternative regulations,including the critical proposes a new set of development area regulations,which is a holdover regulations that include the from the City's incorporation in following: 2003 and has not been updated to • Updated critical area regulations incorporate best available science to incorporate best available would not include updates to science. include best available science. • Transitional provisions to However,the Shoreline Master protect lower intensity uses from Program,adopted in 2015 would higher intensity uses that include protect critical areas within setbacks,buffering,and high shoreline jurisdiction. limitations. • SEPA Categorical Infill exemption for multi-family and mixed use development in four areas • Streamlined permitted use table with supporting supplementary standards. • Residential housing options to allow for a variety of housing types and a diversity of housing design and development to ensure compatibility with surround single-family development. • Eliminating density limitations in the MFR,CMU,and MU implementing zones to provide for greater flexibility. Section 2: Environmental Impact Summary:Alternative Comparison Matrix 511 SECTION 3: NOTICES 3.1 Determination of Significance and Scoping SiCft 4141+1• ne DETERMINATION OF SIGNIFICANCE 40000\TaIIey AND REQUEST FOR COMMENTS ON SCOPE OF EIS Description of Propocol The Proposal Is the update of the City of Spokane Valley Comprehensive Plan to meet Growth Management Act Requirements for periodic update by i u ne 3O,2x17_The Comprehensive Plan's inventory.goals,policies,and future land use map are anticipated to he updated,including the following chapters,natural environment,land use,economic development,parks, housing,capital facilities,utilities,and transportation.It's expected that the goals and policies of the 2016 shoreline master program,will be incorporated into the Plan.The update will also incorporate recent studies on retail recruitment and tourism and lodging, Proponent City of Spokane Valley Location of Prop it The planning area consists of the City of Spokane Valley and Its associated urban growth area,approximately 3g square miles. The City of Spokane Valley is located in eastern Spokane County,further located by the coordinates:47'40'24"N 117'14'22" Letzd Agency City of Spokane Valley EfS Required The City of Spokane Valley,as the lead agency,has determined this proposal is likely to have a significant adverse impact on the environment,An environmental impact statement(HSI is required under KW 43.21C.0313(2)(c)and will be prepared_ An EIS that evaluates planning•level proposals,such as changes to a city comprehensive plan.Is referred to as a programmatic EIS.A programmatic EIS does not evaluate the impacts associated with a specific development project;rather,it contains broader,planning level analyses that emphasize cumulative impacts,policy-level alternatives,and program-level mitigation measures.The City of Spokane Valley Comprehensive Plan Update EIS will contain programmatic analyses of potential significant impacts associated with adoption of the EIS Alternatives_Individual development projects occurring under the policies of the updated Comprehensive Plan will be subject to any 5t:PA review required by state,county,and city regulations. Areas of Change Key amendments to the comprehensive Plan that will be considered include but are not limited to: ▪ CtrntalidaLion of the Neighborhoods Element into the Housing Element and Land Use Element. • Consolidation of the Bike and Pedestrian Element Into the Transportation Element • Policy to support the community's desire for improved connections and safety for bicycles and pedestrians. • Incorporation of the Shoreline Master Program's Goals and Policies. • Identification of the wallet system plans from the water districts serving the City of Spokane Valley and incorporation of relevant water plan information into the comprehensive plan. • Incorporation of the Parks,Recreation,and Open Space Plan by reference. • Changes to the Future Land Use map and/or existing Land Use'Designations.Generally the expected changes are for the Multi-family,Office,and Mixed Uses deslg.nations,and may include redesignation of property,changes to allowable intensity/density,changes In supported uses_ Section 3: Notices 52 I P a g e • Policy to support multi-family development in ateaS Served by transit. • Changes to the Residential designations that increase opportunity for Infill development. • Policy to support Small-scale housing types ElpedalIy Accessary Wei ling Units,Micro-housing units,Cottage Style Housing,and other types of small•scale housing. • Changes in the Neighborhood Commercial designation that would support neighbarhoed-orlented commercial uses- • Changes to she Industrial designations that account for modem industrial type uses such as dean technologies and manufatturing_ • Policy that improves quality,compatibility and aesthetics of new development so that existing neighborhood character is preserved_ • Policy to support the creation of special/unique places that focuses on community character and streetscapes. • Policy to support regional and local economic development strategies,including Spokane Valley Chamber of Commerce Big 5 Initiatives and retail recruitment and tourism strategies. • Policy to support and prioritize improvements to enhance freight enobilPty_ • Reorganization of the Plan to improve readability and efficiency. • Other updates as required by the periodic review requirement of the Revised Code of Washington 36,70A.130 Elements of the Environment The lead agency has preliminarily identified the following elements for analysis in the EFS:Transportrrtiarr tone Use,fJousfny� end Economic Welfare_ Scoping and Commenting Agencies,affected tribes,and members of the public are invited to comment on the scope of the EIS.You may comment on alternatives,mitigation measures,probable significant adverse Impacts,and licenses Or other approvals that may he required_ Comments on the scope of the Lis must be received on or before 5;00 pm February 29,ZO16.The following options are available to provide comments on the scope:11 via email to toil Barlow at Lbarlow@spokanevalley,org or a)In writing to Lori Barlow,City of Spokane valley,13707E Sprague Avenue,Suite 105,Spokane Valley,WA 99215. See City of Spokane Valley's website{w ,spokanevellew_ore}Comprehensive Plan Update tinder the Community and economic Development Department's wetapage for additional information on the Spokane Valley Comprehensive Plan Update process{www.spukdneval lew_vrc. Appeals An appeal of this determination shall be submitted to the Carnmunityand Economic Detirelopment Department within fourteen {141}calendar days after the date Issued_ The appeal must be written and specific factual objections made to the City's threshold determination. Appeals shall be conducted in conformance with Spokane valley Municipal Code{SVMC}17.9+0 Appeals,and any required fees pursuant to the City's adopted Fee Schedule shall be paid at the time of appeal submittal. Pursuant to WAC 197-11-Gear appeals shall be limited to a review of a final threshold determination. Responsible Official John Fiohman,Community and Economic Development Director SEPA Official City of Spokane Valley 11707 E Sprague Ave Suite 106 Spokane Valley,WA 99216 [itis' /-19`' 6 _ Signature: 'l , —___._. — Section 3: Notices 53 I P a g e 3.2 Draft EIS and Document Availablity NOTICE OF ISSUANCE.AND AVAILABILITY OF TIIE CITY OF SPOKANE VALLEY DRAFT 2017-2037 COMPREHENSIVE PLAN AND DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT(DEIS) AND SUPPORTING DEVELOPMENT REGULATIONS Notice is hereby given that the City of Spokane Valley has issued the Draft 2017-2037 Comprehensive Plan and Draft Environmental Impact Statement(DEIS)and supporting development regulations.The Comprehensive Plan and I)E1S are an integrated document and are available for public review and comment.The updates are intended to meet the City's mandated periodic update requirements. The City of Spokane Valley is the Lead Agency for the DEIS.The analysis was undertaken to meet the direction of the State Environmental Policy Act(SEPA).The non-project DEIS evaluates the environmental impacts of two action alternatives and a no-action alternative. PROPONENT: City of Spokane Valley LOCATION OF PROPOSAL: The Spokane Valley Comprehensive Plan addresses property within the City. LEAD AGENCY: City of Spokane Valley DRAFT CONTENTS: The City prepared an update to the Spokane Valley Comprehensive Plan and supporting development regulations to meet its periodic update requirements.-the Comprehensive Plan and DEIS are an integrated document non-project programmatic Draft EIS. The Comprehensive Plan evaluates growth and land use for a 20 year planning horizon.The DEIS reviews potential impacts of proposed goals,policies,alternative land use plans,and other features of the Comprehensive Plan at a non-project programmatic level of analysis. DRAFT COMPREHENSIVE PLAN/DEIS DATE OF ISSUANCE: September 16,2016 REVIEW PERIOD; Following the issuance of the Draft Comprehensive Plan and DEIS,a 60- day comment period commences. The public and other reviewers are invited to comment on the draft document. You may submit written comments on the document no later than 5:00 p.m. November 15,2016.All written comments must be received by that date and time. Written comments via mail or email must he submitted to: Community and Economic Development Department 11707 East Sprague Ave_,Suite 106 Spokane Valley,WA 99206 Email:mbasinger( spokanevallcy_org Please note that comments received in response to the draft document,including names and addresses of those who comment,will be considered part of the public record on this proposed action and will he available for public inspection. Section 3: Notices 54 I P a g e PUBLIC HEARINGS SCHEDULED: September 22,2016-6:00 p.m.(Planning Commission scheduled) November 8,2016 6:00 p.m.(City Council scheduled) DOCUMENT AVAILABILITY: The complete 2016-2036 Comprehensive Plan and I)EIS are available for download at the project website:www.spokanevalIey.orgICP. Copies of these documents are also available for public review at the following location: Spokane Valley City Hall 11707 East Sprague Avenue Suite 106 Spokane Valley,WA 99206 Copies are also available for purchase upon advanced notice for the cost of printing(estimated at $12)from the City of Spokane Valley at 11707 East Sprague Ave_,Suite 106,Spokane Valley, WA 99206. If you have special accommodation needs,please contact the City of Spokane Valley at(509)- 921-1000. SEPA RESPONSIBLE OFFICIAL:Mike Basinger,AICP,Senior Planner CITY CONTACT:Mike Basinger,MCP,Senior Planner DATE:September 16,2016 Carrie Koudelka,CMC Spokane Valley Deputy City Clerk PUBLISH:9-16-2016 Section 3: Notices 55 I P a g e 3.3 Distribution List City of Spokane Valley City Officials Community and Economic Development Director Mayor and City Council Human Resources Director Planning Commission Finance Director City Manager Parks&Recreation Director City Clerk Police Chief City Attorney Public Works Director Other Agencies Local City of Liberty Lake City of Millwood City of Spokane County Spokane County Fire District No.1 Spokane County Division of Utilities Spokane County Fire District No.8 Spokane County Water District No.3 Spokane County Building and Planning State Department of Archeology&Historic Preservation Department of Fish&Wildlife Department of Resource and Conservation Department of Natural Resources Department of Commerce Department of Transportation Department of Ecology&SEPA Register Department of Health Tribal Spokane Tribe of Indians Federal Federal Aviation Administration(FAA)-Seattle U.S.Army Corps of Engineers-Seattle District District U.S.Department of Agriculture,Natural Resources Federal Emergency Management Agency(FEMA), Conservation Service(N RCS) Region X U.S.Environmental Protection Agency,Region X National Marine Fisheries Service-NOAA U.S.Department of Homeland Security,Region X Utilities CenturyLink Vera Water and Power Avista Utilities Trentwood Irrigation District Comcast Hutchinson Irrigation District Inland Power&Light Carnhope Irrigation District Consolidated Irrigation District No.19 Irvin Water District East Spokane Water District No.1 Orchard Avenue Irrigation District#6 Model Irrigation District No.18 City of Spokane Water Service Modern Electric Water Company Media Spokane Valley Herald Spokesman Review Schools Central Valley School District No.356 West Valley School District No.363 East Valley School District No.361 Other Spokane County Joint Aquifer Board Holiday Trailer Court Spokane Regional Health District Kaiser Aluminum Spokane Regional Transportation Council Pinecroft Mobile Home Park Spokane Transit Authority Spokane Business&Industrial Park Spokane County Library District Spokane Regional Clean Air Agency Section 3: Notices 56 I P a g e Section 3: Notices 57 I P a g e SECTION 4 RESPONSE TO COMMENTS 4.1 Comments and Responses on the Scope No comments were received on the scope of the EIS. 4.2 Comments and Responses on the DEIS # Name Comment Sprague Response and Barker 1 Arthur, I do not agree with changing anything Y Sprague Avenue and Barker Road Land Use Map Changes- Andrew without a proper notice,and vote by the After considering public testimony,the City Council directed staff people that live in the area. to revise the portion of the comprehensive plan in a manner that would resolve the Commenter's concerns. Specifically, the Council's revision would change the land use designation for parcels 55173.1018 and 55173.1005 from Multiple Family Residential,as had been proposed in the draft Comprehensive Plan that was circulated for public comment, to Single Family Residential and zone the same parcels Single-Family Urban (R-3). The proposal currently under consideration by the Council includes this change. Public Notice- The City provided notice and opportunities for public comment consistent with local and state regulations and the City's public participation program. 2 Arthur, This is me,my voice,saying"no"or Y Sprague Avenue and Barker Road Land Use Map Changes- Ashley disapproving of this"land use After considering public testimony,the City Council directed staff designation"of apartments and no to revise the portion of the comprehensive plan in a manner that restrictions building heights. would resolve the Commenter's concerns. Specifically, the Council's revision would change the land use designation for parcels 55173.1018 and 55173.1005 from Multiple Family Residential,as had been proposed in the draft Comprehensive Plan that was circulated for public comment, to Single Family Residential and zone the same parcels Single-Family Urban (R-3). The proposal currently under consideration by the Council includes this change. Section 4: Response to Comments 58 I d g e # Name Comment Sprague Response and Barker Building Heights- The City Council directed staff,after public testimony,to change the proposed Multiple Family zone(MFR)to include a maximum height limit of 50 feet and a maximum density of 22 units per acre. These maximum limits are the same as the existing zoning code for High Density Residential (MF-2)that was adopted in 2006.See Spokane Valley Municipal Code(SVMC) 19.70.020. 3 Calvin, Against the land use and zoning change at Y Sprague Avenue and Barker Road Land Use Map Changes- Casandra the corner of Sprague and Barker,for the After considering public testimony,the City Council directed staff and following reasons: to revise the portion of the comprehensive plan in a manner that Dawud, • The area has always been a residential would resolve the Commenter's concerns. Specifically, the Jamal neighborhood,and apartments do not Council's revision would change the land use designation for fit in with the rest of the community parcels 55173.1018 and 55173.1005 from Multiple Family • Difficulties with traffic on Barker,that Residential,as had been proposed in the draft Comprehensive Plan adding over 100 new residents will that was circulated for public comment, to Single Family make the congestion so much worse. Residential and zone the same parcels Single-Family Urban (R-3). • The schools are bursting at the seams, The proposal currently under consideration by the Council includes even with the new addition to this change. Greenacres Elementary it isn't going to add enough room for an apartment Traffic- building The DEIS analyzed the existing traffic conditions as well as the projected traffic impacts from the Multiple Family Residential designation that had been proposed in the DEIS that was circulated for public comment (see Section 1.3 Transportation Analysis). Following changes proposed by Council since the public comment period, the proposal currently under consideration designates the parcels as Single Family Residential,which most closely resembles existing traffic conditions. Nevertheless, under all alternatives,the Sprague and Barker intersection is projected to function with a level of service (LOS) B. This LOS standard meets or exceeds the adopted LOS of D. Schools- As part of the development and coordination of the proposed plan all the school districts,including Central Valley School District 356 Section 4: Response to Comments 59 I # Name Comment Sprague Response and Barker were notified of the draft plan.No school district indicated an inability to serve projected population and meet adopted level of service standards.Additionally,in 2015,the Central Valley School District passed a construction bond and received a grant to reduce class size,the projects include a new elementary school and related boundary adjustments,which increase Central Valley School District's capacity. 4 Rambo,Jay Support of the changes to the N Comment noted Comprehensive Plan as it relates to the proposed re-zoning(and corresponding permitted uses)for the commercial zoning designations. 5 Clark, Supports the proposed changes to the N Comment noted Marshall Comprehensive Plan and related re- zoning for commercial designations. 6 Colombo, I am opposed to the rezoning of the Y Sprague Avenue and Barker Road Land Use Map Changes- Barbara corner of Barker and Sprague into high After considering public testimony,the City Council directed staff density residential,and the corridor to revise the portion of the comprehensive plan in a manner that mixed use moving further back from would resolve the Commenter's concerns. Specifically, the Appleway into residential areas. Council's revision would change the land use designation for parcels 55173.1018 and 55173.1005 from Multiple Family Residential,as had been proposed in the draft Comprehensive Plan that was circulated for public comment, to Single Family Residential and zone the same parcels Single-Family Urban (R-3). The proposal currently under consideration by the Council includes this change. 7 Cote, I writing this to give my concerns on the Y Traffic- Kathryn rezoning of land on the corner of Sprague The DEIS analyzed the existing traffic conditions as well as the and Barker.My concern is: projected traffic impacts from the Multiple Family Residential • Apartments will increase traffic and designation that had been proposed in the DEIS that was circulated bring in crime. for public comment (see Section 1.3 Transportation Analysis). • Decreased property values. Following changes proposed by Council since the public comment period, the proposal currently under consideration designates the parcels as Single Family Residential,which most closely resembles existing traffic conditions. Nevertheless, under all alternatives,the Sprague and Barker intersection is projected to function with a Section 4: Response to Comments 60 I # Name Comment Sprague Response and Barker level of service (LOS) B. This LOS standard meets or exceeds the adopted LOS of D. Crime- There is no conclusive evidence that multi-family designations,like the Multiple Family Residential,increase crime.The available data illustrates a greater connection between socio-economic status and crime than between high-density multiple family housing and crime.(Jianling Li and Jack Rainwater,"The Real Picture of Land- Use Density and Crime:A GIS Application"). Property Values- Changes to land use designations can increase or decrease property values. However,there is no conclusive evidence that multi-family designations,like the Multiple Family Residential, diminish property value. In fact,there is evidence that homes that are not located in multifamily areas appreciated at an average annual rate of 3.59 percent between 1987 and 1997,compared with a higher appreciation rate of 3.96 percent for houses near multifamily buildings.For the 1997- 1999 period,the figures were 2.66 percent and 2.90 percent,respectively.(National Association of Home Builders,"Multifamily Market Outlook,"Washington,DC, November 2001,pp.3-4.) Another study looked at data from the 2000 US Census and compared house values in those communities with the share of multifamily housing in those communities.The conclusion:working communities with multifamily dwellings actually have higher property values than other types of working communities;in fact, "the high multifamily areas had the highest home values,the mixed-stock areas the next highest,and the single-family areas had the lowest."(Alexander von Hoffman,Eric Belsky,James DeNormandi,and Rachel Bratt,"America's Working Communities and the Impact of Multifamily Housing,"Cambridge,MA:Joint Center for Housing Studies,2004.) 8 Crapo, Request to designate and rezone N Comment noted- Section 4: Response to Comments 61 I ' ace # Name Comment Sprague Response and Barker Dennis property to CMU,NW of Sands and This proposal is not currently under consideration.After Bowdish and south to railroad tracks. considering public testimony,the City Council directed staff to not change the land use designation and zoning. 9 Currier, Barker road is not ready for one more car Y Sprague Avenue and Barker Road Land Use Map Changes- Danyel let alone 300. After considering public testimony,the City Council directed staff On a more personal note,my house is on to revise the portion of the comprehensive plan in a manner that one acre directly in the middle of this if would resolve the Commenter's concerns. Specifically, the this were to happen it would destroy my Council's revision would change the land use designation for home that we have worked so hard for. parcels 55173.1018 and 55173.1005 from Multiple Family Residential,as had been proposed in the draft Comprehensive Plan that was circulated for public comment, to Single Family Residential and zone the same parcels Single-Family Urban (R-3). The proposal currently under consideration by the Council includes this change. Traffic- The DEIS analyzed the existing traffic conditions as well as the projected traffic impacts from the Multiple Family Residential designation that had been proposed in the DEIS that was circulated for public comment (see Section 1.3 Transportation Analysis). Following changes proposed by Council since the public comment period, the proposal currently under consideration designates the parcels as Single Family Residential,which most closely resembles existing traffic conditions. Nevertheless, under all alternatives,the Sprague and Barker intersection is projected to function with a level of service (LOS) B. This LOS standard meets or exceeds the adopted LOS of D. 10 Mr&Mrs I would like to say NO to apartments in Y Sprague Avenue and Barker Road Land Use Map Changes- McLean our neighborhood! After considering public testimony,the City Council directed staff to revise the portion of the comprehensive plan in a manner that would resolve the Commenter's concerns. Specifically, the Council's revision would change the land use designation for parcels 55173.1018 and 55173.1005 from Multiple Family Residential,as had been proposed in the draft Comprehensive Plan that was circulated for public comment, to Single Family Residential and zone the same parcels Single-Family Urban (R-3). Section 4: Response to Comments 62 I # Name Comment Sprague Response and Barker The proposal currently under consideration by the Council includes this change. Comment noted 11 Neldon, Concerns regarding a rezoning provision Y Sprague Avenue and Barker Road Land Use Map Changes- Mitchell that involves a parcel of land at the corner After considering public testimony,the City Council directed staff of Sprague and Barker Roads. to revise the portion of the comprehensive plan in a manner that • Surrounding this property are single would resolve the Commenter's concerns. Specifically, the family homes. Allowing development Council's revision would change the land use designation for of two or three story apartments parcels 55173.1018 and 55173.1005 from Multiple Family would be psychologically devastating Residential,as had been proposed in the draft Comprehensive Plan for the effected families. that was circulated for public comment, to Single Family • There are no grocery stores within Residential and zone the same parcels Single-Family Urban (R-3). walking distance for tenants. The proposal currently under consideration by the Council includes • Public transportation is not available this change. to individuals with disabilities,elderly persons or anyone else who does not Neighborhood Character- have access to private transportation. The proposed plan and supporting development regulations include Transitional Regulations(Spokane Valley Municipal Code 19.75)that reduce potential impacts of higher intensity uses to lower intensity uses. Daily Goods-comment noted Public Transit- The intersection of Sprague and Barker is approximately 1/4 mile from Spokane Transit Authority route 98,which has approximate 1/z hour weekday service and 1 hour weekend and holiday service.The intersection is also within the Paratransit Service Area which offers door-to-door service for clients that meet eligibility requirements 12 Nelson, I live across from Sprague and Barker Y Sprague Avenue and Barker Road Land Use Map Changes- Doug property and I didn't receive any notice After considering public testimony,the City Council directed staff and there were no signs on the property to revise the portion of the comprehensive plan in a manner that letting neighbors know that the zoning would resolve the Commenter's concerns. Specifically, the was going to be changed. Council's revision would change the land use designation for parcels 55173.1018 and 55173.1005 from Multiple Family Section 4: Response to Comments 63 # Name Comment Sprague Response and Barker Residential,as had been proposed in the draft Comprehensive Plan that was circulated for public comment, to Single Family Residential and zone the same parcels Single-Family Urban (R-3). The proposal currently under consideration by the Council includes this change. Public Notice- The City provided notice and opportunities for public comment consistent with local and state regulations and the City's public participation program. 13 Petersen, No to the apartments on the corner of Y Sprague Avenue and Barker Road Land Use Map Changes- Larry R Sprague and barker and any more After considering public testimony,the City Council directed staff changes to the land use regulations. to revise the portion of the comprehensive plan in a manner that would resolve the Commenter's concerns. Specifically, the Council's revision would change the land use designation for parcels 55173.1018 and 55173.1005 from Multiple Family Residential,as had been proposed in the draft Comprehensive Plan that was circulated for public comment, to Single Family Residential and zone the same parcels Single-Family Urban (R-3). The proposal currently under consideration by the Council includes this change. Comment noted 14 Phillipson, I am NOT in favor of high density housing Y Sprague Avenue and Barker Road Land Use Map Changes- Andy in our area. Traffic is a killer and I have After considering public testimony,the City Council directed staff not seen this city comply with the to revise the portion of the comprehensive plan in a manner that requirement of GMA is so far as would resolve the Commenter's concerns. Specifically, the infrastructure keeping up with growth Council's revision would change the land use designation for parcels 55173.1018 and 55173.1005 from Multiple Family Residential,as had been proposed in the draft Comprehensive Plan that was circulated for public comment, to Single Family Residential and zone the same parcels Single-Family Urban (R-3). The proposal currently under consideration by the Council includes this change. Infrastructure and Growth- Section 4: Response to Comments 64 s # Name Comment Sprague Response and Barker The development of the comprehensive plan,including the Land Use,Transportation,and Capital Facilities elements considered available public services.Further,the City in Spokane Valley Municipal Code 22.20 requires concurrency review for projects. Traffic- The DEIS analyzed the existing traffic conditions as well as the projected traffic impacts from the Multiple Family Residential designation that had been proposed in the DEIS that was circulated for public comment (see Section 1.3 Transportation Analysis). Following changes proposed by Council since the public comment period, the proposal currently under consideration designates the parcels as Single Family Residential,which most closely resembles existing traffic conditions. Nevertheless, under all alternatives,the Sprague and Barker intersection is projected to function with a level of service (LOS) B. This LOS standard meets or exceeds the adopted LOS of D. 15 Riley, No to changing farm land to apartments. Y Sprague Avenue and Barker Road Land Use Map Changes- Meghan For areas where apartments are common, After considering public testimony,the City Council directed staff there are usually higher incidence of to revise the portion of the comprehensive plan in a manner that crime,vandalism,etc.I urge those in would resolve the Commenter's concerns. Specifically, the charge to please realize as a whole,this Council's revision would change the land use designation for community does not want these zonings. parcels 55173.1018 and 55173.1005 from Multiple Family A park for our families?Yes.A few single Residential,as had been proposed in the draft Comprehensive Plan family houses?Sure.But apartments?No. that was circulated for public comment, to Single Family A strip mall?Absolutely not. Residential and zone the same parcels Single-Family Urban (R-3). The proposal currently under consideration by the Council includes this change. New"Special District"such as Historical Rural Agricultural Conservation District"/Preserve Rural Character or Farm Land- The proposed plan and supporting regulations do not anticipate these"districts".Further,the City is obligated to plan under the Growth Management Act("G MA"),ch.36.70A RCW.Under that law Spokane Valley is by definition an urban growth area which is required to support urban development at urban densities.To the Section 4: Response to Comments 65 # Name Comment Sprague Response and Barker extent that the comment requests that the City encourage rural development or rural densities within the UGA,the suggestion is inconsistent with the GMA. 16 Schultz, Do not allow zoning for multi-story Y Sprague Avenue and Barker Road Land Use Map Changes- Kevin apartments to be approved for the After considering public testimony,the City Council directed staff northeast corner of Barker and Sprague. to revise the portion of the comprehensive plan in a manner that • Traffic on Barker is already pushing would resolve the Commenter's concerns. Specifically, the the capacity of the 4-way stop at the Council's revision would change the land use designation for intersection. parcels 55173.1018 and 55173.1005 from Multiple Family • Schools and Barker road beyond their Residential,as had been proposed in the draft Comprehensive Plan intended capacities. that was circulated for public comment, to Single Family Residential and zone the same parcels Single-Family Urban (R-3). The proposal currently under consideration by the Council includes this change. Traffic- The DEIS analyzed the existing traffic conditions as well as the projected traffic impacts from the Multiple Family Residential designation that had been proposed in the DEIS that was circulated for public comment (see Section 1.3 Transportation Analysis). Following changes proposed by Council since the public comment period, the proposal currently under consideration designates the parcels as Single Family Residential,which most closely resembles existing traffic conditions. Nevertheless, under all alternatives,the Sprague and Barker intersection is projected to function with a level of service (LOS) B. This LOS standard meets or exceeds the adopted LOS of D. Schools- As part of the development and coordination of the proposed plan all the school districts,including Central Valley School District 356 were notified of the draft plan.No school district indicated an inability to serve projected population and meet adopted level of service standards.Additionally,in 2015,the Central Valley School District passed a construction bond and received a grant to reduce class size,the projects include a new elementary school and related Section 4: Response to Comments 66 I # Name Comment Sprague Response and Barker boundary adjustments,which increase Central Valley School District's capacity. 17 Southern, We are the current owners of parcel# Y Sprague Avenue and Barker Road Land Use Map Changes- Charles and 55173.1019 located on Barker Road.We After considering public testimony,the City Council directed staff Janice are in favor of the new comprehensive to revise the portion of the comprehensive plan in a manner that plan and zoning changes.We assume that would resolve the Commenter's concerns. Specifically, the the plan will address the traffic on Barker Council's revision would change the land use designation for Road and especially the intersection of parcels 55173.1018 and 55173.1005 from Multiple Family Sprague Ave.and Barker Road. Residential,as had been proposed in the draft Comprehensive Plan that was circulated for public comment, to Single Family Residential and zone the same parcels Single-Family Urban (R-3). The proposal currently under consideration by the Council includes this change. Traffic- The DEIS analyzed the existing traffic conditions as well as the projected traffic impacts from the Multiple Family Residential designation that had been proposed in the DEIS that was circulated for public comment (see Section 1.3 Transportation Analysis). Following changes proposed by Council since the public comment period, the proposal currently under consideration designates the parcels as Single Family Residential,which most closely resembles existing traffic conditions. Nevertheless, under all alternatives,the Sprague and Barker intersection is projected to function with a level of service (LOS) B. This LOS standard meets or exceeds the adopted LOS of D. 18 Walton, Barker Road is currently under Y Sprague Avenue and Barker Road Land Use Map Changes- Matthew tremendous pressure from the current After considering public testimony,the City Council directed staff traffic flow and with the opening of to revise the portion of the comprehensive plan in a manner that Chapman Rd as a through road several would resolve the Commenter's concerns. Specifically, the years ago combined with the continued Council's revision would change the land use designation for expansion of Morningside Heights, parcels 55173.1018 and 55173.1005 from Multiple Family Barker doesn't need more traffic.In fact,I Residential,as had been proposed in the draft Comprehensive Plan would argue that adding multi-residential that was circulated for public comment, to Single Family zoning will unnecessarily increase the Residential and zone the same parcels Single-Family Urban (R-3). traffic congestion of South Barker Rd, The proposal currently under consideration by the Council includes Section 4: Response to Comments 67 # Name Comment Sprague Response and Barker create additional gridlock on the 1-90 this change. westbound onramp from Barker and create safety issues. Traffic- The DEIS analyzed the existing traffic conditions as well as the Our neighborhood also doesn't need new projected traffic impacts from the Multiple Family Residential high-density housing.With high-density designation that had been proposed in the DEIS that was circulated housing comes additional short term for public comment (see Section 1.3 Transportation Analysis). traffic,increases in crime and a Following changes proposed by Council since the public comment population which is generally"transient," period, the proposal currently under consideration designates the meaning tenants who are not interested parcels as Single Family Residential,which most closely resembles in setting down roots in their community existing traffic conditions. Nevertheless, under all alternatives,the and getting to know their neighbors.This Sprague and Barker intersection is projected to function with a will fundamentally change the level of service (LOS) B. This LOS standard meets or exceeds the Greenacres area in a way that will damage adopted LOS of D. what makes this our home. Comment noted 19 Willis,Ann We don't agree on the rezoning. Comment noted 20 Frederiksen, Reject a request to change the zoning of Y Sprague Avenue and Barker Road Land Use Map Changes- Daniel and the property at 4 North Barker Road- After considering public testimony,the City Council directed staff Cassandra Parcel#55173.1005. to revise the portion of the comprehensive plan in a manner that • Central Valley School District is would resolve the Commenter's concerns. Specifically, the stressed and struggling to keep up Council's revision would change the land use designation for with the rapid development in the parcels 55173.1018 and 55173.1005 from Multiple Family area an unplanned apartment Residential,as had been proposed in the draft Comprehensive Plan complex would impact the quality of that was circulated for public comment, to Single Family the schools. Residential and zone the same parcels Single-Family Urban (R-3). • Public facilities and services The proposal currently under consideration by the Council includes necessary to support development this change. are present without decreasing current service levels below locally Schools- established minimum standards. As part of the development and coordination of the proposed plan • Development of two and three-story all the school districts,including Central Valley School District 356 buildings would be inconsistent with were notified of the draft plan.No school district indicated an the single family character of the area inability to serve projected population and meet adopted level of and cannot be mitigated by the bulk service standards.Additionally,in 2015,the Central Valley School standards in the SVMC. District passed a construction bond and received a grant to reduce Section 4: Response to Comments 68 I # Name Comment Sprague Response and Barker • The location is not conducive to class size,the projects include a new elementary school and related multifamily development since the boundary adjustments,which increase Central Valley School nearest commercial services and District's capacity. public transit stop is approximately 1,000 feet to the north. Traffic- • The proposed amendment would The DEIS analyzed the existing traffic conditions as well as the increase densities from 6 dwelling projected traffic impacts from the Multiple Family Residential units per acre up to 22 dwelling units designation that had been proposed in the DEIS that was circulated per acre. for public comment (see Section 1.3 Transportation Analysis). • The proposed amendment is Following changes proposed by Council since the public comment inconsistent with the intent of the period, the proposal currently under consideration designates the HDR land use designation,which is to parcels as Single Family Residential,which most closely resembles act as a buffer between residential existing traffic conditions. Nevertheless, under all alternatives,the uses and higher intensity land uses Sprague and Barker intersection is projected to function with a such as commercial or office uses. level of service (LOS) B. This LOS standard meets or exceeds the adopted LOS of D. Neighborhood Character- The proposed plan and supporting development regulations include Transitional Regulations(Spokane Valley Municipal Code 19.75)that reduce potential impacts of higher intensity uses to lower intensity uses. Public Transit- The intersection of Sprague and Barker is approximately 1/4 mile from Spokane Transit Authority route 98,which has approximate 1/z hour weekday service and 1 hour weekend and holiday service.The intersection is also within the Paratransit Service Area which offers door-to-door service for clients that meet eligibility requirements High Density Residential Designation- The High Density Residential (HDR)designation is proposed to be replaced with the Multifamily Residential (MFR)designation. Accordingly,the intent of the HDR designation is not relevant to the proposal under consideration. Moreover,the"intent"to which the commenter refers is actually taken from the Medium Density Section 4: Response to Comments 69 I # Name Comment Sprague Response and Barker Residential (MDR)designation from the current comprehensive plan("Multifamily residential zones should be used as transitional zoning between higher intensity land uses,such as commercial and office,to lower density single-family neighborhoods").The current proposal eliminates the MDR designation and implementing zone, Medium Density Residential (MF-1). Additionally,the MDR designation was not considered under any alternative for the property at Sprague and Barker.While the property at Sprague and Barker is not inconsistent with the MFR description and purpose, the City Council directed staff to retain the existing Low Density Residential and R-3 zone for this proposal considered for adoption. 21 Ewasko, Reject a request to change the zoning of Y Sprague Avenue and Barker Road Land Use Map Changes- Brian the property at 4 North Barker Road- After considering public testimony,the City Council directed staff Anthony Parcel#55173.1005. to revise the portion of the comprehensive plan in a manner that • Central Valley School District is would resolve the Commenter's concerns. Specifically, the stressed and struggling to keep up Council's revision would change the land use designation for with the rapid development in the parcels 55173.1018 and 55173.1005 from Multiple Family area an unplanned apartment Residential,as had been proposed in the draft Comprehensive Plan complex would impact the quality of that was circulated for public comment, to Single Family the schools. Residential and zone the same parcels Single-Family Urban (R-3). • Public facilities and services The proposal currently under consideration by the Council includes necessary to support development this change. are present without decreasing current service levels below locally Schools- established minimum standards. As part of the development and coordination of the proposed plan • Development of two and three-story all the school districts,including Central Valley School District 356 buildings would be inconsistent with were notified of the draft plan.No school district indicated an the single family character of the area inability to serve projected population and meet adopted level of and cannot be mitigated by the bulk service standards.Additionally,in 2015,the Central Valley School standards in the SVMC. District passed a construction bond and received a grant to reduce • The location is not conducive to class size,the projects include a new elementary school and related multifamily development since the boundary adjustments,which increase Central Valley School nearest commercial services and District's capacity. public transit stop is approximately 1,000 feet to the north. Schools- • The proposed amendment would As part of the development and coordination of the proposed plan Section 4: Response to Comments 70 # Name Comment Sprague Response and Barker increase densities from 6 dwelling all the school districts,including Central Valley School District 356 units per acre up to 22 dwelling units were notified of the draft plan.No school district indicated an per acre. inability to serve projected population and meet adopted level of • The proposed amendment is service standards.Additionally,in 2015,the Central Valley School inconsistent with the intent of the District passed a construction bond and received a grant to reduce HDR land use designation,which is to class size,the projects include a new elementary school and related act as a buffer between residential boundary adjustments,which increase Central Valley School uses and higher intensity land uses District's capacity. such as commercial or office uses. Neighborhood Character- The proposed plan and supporting development regulations include Transitional Regulations(Spokane Valley Municipal Code 19.75)that reduce potential impacts of higher intensity uses to lower intensity uses. Public Transit- The intersection of Sprague and Barker is approximately 1/4 mile from Spokane Transit Authority Route 98,which has approximately l/2 hour weekday service and 1 hour weekend and holiday service.The intersection is also with the Paratransit Service Area which offers door-to-door service for clients that meet eligibility requirements. 22 Smith, Against the rezone at Sprague and Barker. Y Sprague Avenue and Barker Road Land Use Map Changes- Clyde and • The traffic on Barker Road is already After considering public testimony,the City Council directed staff Zita very heavy and at peak hours it can to revise the portion of the comprehensive plan in a manner that back up at least a quarter mile or would resolve the Commenter's concerns. Specifically, the more. With high density multifamily Council's revision would change the land use designation for buildings,basically large apartment parcels 55173.1018 and 55173.1005 from Multiple Family buildings,the traffic would become Residential,as had been proposed in the draft Comprehensive Plan horrendous. that was circulated for public comment, to Single Family • The Central Valley School District Residential and zone the same parcels Single-Family Urban (R-3). (Greenacres Middle and Elementary, The proposal currently under consideration by the Council includes and Central Valley High Schools)are this change. already overcrowded due to so many students living in this area. Traffic- • High density multifamily The DEIS analyzed the existing traffic conditions as well as the Section 4: Response to Comments 71 I ' ;� ; # Name Comment Sprague Response and Barker development is inconsistent with the projected traffic impacts from the Multiple Family Residential mostly peaceful quiet single family designation that had been proposed in the DEIS that was circulated residential area. for public comment (see Section 1.3 Transportation Analysis). • Lack of commercial shopping services Following changes proposed by Council since the public comment and medical facilities nearby. period, the proposal currently under consideration designates the parcels as Single Family Residential,which most closely resembles Property north Sprague and Barker(V. existing traffic conditions. Nevertheless, under all alternatives,the Southern) Sprague and Barker intersection is projected to function with a • We feel this piece of property should level of service (LOS) B. This LOS standard meets or exceeds the be rezoned back to low-density and adopted LOS of D. the other piece with the mobile homes also rezoned to low density Schools- As part of the development and coordination of the proposed plan Building Heights all the school districts,including Central Valley School District 356 • Do not eliminate the building heights were notified of the draft plan.No school district indicated an inability to serve projected population and meet adopted level of service standards.Additionally,in 2015,the Central Valley School District passed a construction bond and received a grant to reduce class size,the projects include a new elementary school and related boundary adjustments,which increase Central Valley School District's capacity. Neighborhood Character- The proposed plan and supporting development regulations include Transitional Regulations(Spokane Valley Municipal Code 19.75)that reduce potential impacts of higher intensity uses to lower intensity uses. Property north of Sprague and Barker(V.Southern) Rezone parcels 55173.1019 and 55173.1020 to SFR.No change is proposed for these two parcels.The currently adopted zoning is HDR and the proposed zoning is MF. Building Heights- The City Council directed staff,after public testimony,to change the proposed Multiple Family zone(MFR)to include a maximum Section 4: Response to Comments 72 # Name Comment Sprague Response and Barker height limit of 50 feet and a maximum density of 22 units per acre. These maximum limits are the same as the existing zoning code for High Density Residential (MF-2)that was adopted in 2006.See Spokane Valley Municipal Code(SVMC) 19.70.020. 23 Vinway This new comprehensive plan has Y Sprague Avenue and Barker Road Land Use Map Changes- / proposed a zone change for me at 117N. After considering public testimony,the City Council directed staff 34 Barker to a Corridor Mix Use.I strongly to revise the portion of the comprehensive plan in a manner that oppose this change. would resolve the Commenter's concerns. Specifically, the • We have a traffic problem, Council's revision would change the land use designation for • Overcrowding of schools, parcels 55173.1018 and 55173.1005 from Multiple Family • The closest shopping is 2 miles away. Residential,as had been proposed in the draft Comprehensive Plan • Emergency responders have a hard that was circulated for public comment, to Single Family time getting down Barker Road Residential and zone the same parcels Single-Family Urban (R-3). • Keep the Medium Density Residential The proposal currently under consideration by the Council includes in the Sprague and Barker area- this change. including the area west of Barker to Greenacres Road. Traffic- The DEIS analyzed the existing traffic conditions as well as the projected traffic impacts from the Multiple Family Residential designation that had been proposed in the DEIS that was circulated for public comment (see Section 1.3 Transportation Analysis). Following changes proposed by Council since the public comment period, the proposal currently under consideration designates the parcels as Single Family Residential,which most closely resembles existing traffic conditions. Nevertheless, under all alternatives,the Sprague and Barker intersection is projected to function with a level of service (LOS) B. This LOS standard meets or exceeds the adopted LOS of D. Schools- As part of the development and coordination of the proposed plan all the school districts,including Central Valley School District 356 were notified of the draft plan.No school district indicated an inability to serve projected population and meet adopted level of service standards.Additionally,in 2015,the Central Valley School District passed a construction bond and received a grant to reduce Section 4: Response to Comments 73 I �' ; # Name Comment Sprague Response and Barker class size,the projects include a new elementary school and related boundary adjustments,which increase Central Valley School District's capacity. Medium Density Residential- Preserving the existing Medium Density Residential designation and MF-1 zoning was considered under two of the No Action and Citizen Focus alternatives.The preferred alternative eliminated the Medium Density Residential designation and associated MF-1 zone based on the Housing and Economic Trends Existing Condition Report.No change to the preferred alternative regarding the Medium Density Residential designation MF-1 zone has been made. 24 Krajack, The parcel of land at the northeast corner Y Comment noted Scott of Barker and Sprague matches all of the criteria set by City of Spokane Valley staff,to be zoned for higher density residential development.This criteria is consistent with all of the parcels being proposed for this land use. Supports the Transitional Setbacks as proposed by draft code. 25 Lathan, Opposed to the comprehensive plan and Y Sprague Avenue and Barker Road Land Use Map Changes- Athlan and zoning change on the corner of Baker and After considering public testimony,the City Council directed staff Rachelle Sprague to Multiple Family based on the to revise the portion of the comprehensive plan in a manner that following potential issues: would resolve the Commenter's concerns. Specifically, the • The city and county are currently Council's revision would change the land use designation for experiencing staffing shortages in law parcels 55173.1018 and 55173.1005 from Multiple Family enforcement.The proposed zoning Residential,as had been proposed in the draft Comprehensive Plan plan would increase population and that was circulated for public comment, to Single Family crime without sufficient law Residential and zone the same parcels Single-Family Urban (R-3). enforcement to handle such The proposal currently under consideration by the Council includes possibility. this change. • The intersection of Barker and Sprague cannot handle the existing Traffic- Section 4: Response to Comments 74 s # Name Comment Sprague Response and Barker traffic and poses a safety issue for The DEIS analyzed the existing traffic conditions as well as the pedestrians and children walking to projected traffic impacts from the Multiple Family Residential school. designation that had been proposed in the DEIS that was circulated • The last and most crucial issue is our for public comment (see Section 1.3 Transportation Analysis). schools.Our children are already Following changes proposed by Council since the public comment attending overcrowded school,and period, the proposal currently under consideration designates the the elementary schools and the parcels as Single Family Residential,which most closely resembles middle school in our community existing traffic conditions. Nevertheless, under all alternatives,the currently DO NOT have the capability Sprague and Barker intersection is projected to function with a to hold any more students. level of service (LOS) B. This LOS standard meets or exceeds the adopted LOS of D. Schools- As part of the development and coordination of the proposed plan all the school districts,including Central Valley School District 356 were notified of the draft plan.No school district indicated an inability to serve projected population and meet adopted level of service standards.Additionally,in 2015,the Central Valley School District passed a construction bond and received a grant to reduce class size,the projects include a new elementary school and related boundary adjustments,which increase Central Valley School District's capacity. Emergency Responders(Police and Fire)- As part of the development and coordination of the proposed plan both fire protection and law enforcement were provided notice of the proposed plan and supporting regulations.No service provider indicated an inability to serve the projected population and land use and meet adopted level of service standards. 26 Olson,Ryan I support the zone change of the parcel of Y Comment noted land at the northeast corner of Sprague and Barker in the Spokane Valley to Traffic- multifamily. The DEIS analyzed the existing traffic conditions as well as the • This intersection is a very busy projected traffic impacts from the Multiple Family Residential intersection in the Spokane Valley designation that had been proposed in the DEIS that was circulated Section 4: Response to Comments 75 I # Name Comment Sprague Response and Barker and it needs to be fixed. I believe that for public comment (see Section 1.3 Transportation Analysis). a traffic light will be the best solution Following changes proposed by Council since the public comment at Barker and Sprague. period, the proposal currently under consideration designates the • Multifamily at this site will require the parcels as Single Family Residential,which most closely resembles installation of sidewalks,curbs and existing traffic conditions. Nevertheless, under all alternatives,the improvements to the intersection and Sprague and Barker intersection is projected to function with a along the property boundaries which level of service (LOS) B. This LOS standard meets or exceeds the are much needed along with providing adopted LOS of D. additional funds to help improve the Barker and Sprague intersection. Infrastructure and Growth- The development of the comprehensive plan,including the Land Use,Transportation,and Capital Facilities elements considered available public services.Further,the City in Spokane Valley Municipal Code 22.20 requires concurrency review for projects. 27 Alexander, Opposes the comprehensive plan and Y Sprague Avenue and Barker Road Land Use Map Changes- Kim zoning change at Sprague and Barker After considering public testimony,the City Council directed staff single home residential zoned areas into to revise the portion of the comprehensive plan in a manner that multiuse zoning areas to be used for would resolve the Commenter's concerns. Specifically, the building businesses or high density Council's revision would change the land use designation for apartments or condos or plats. parcels 55173.1018 and 55173.1005 from Multiple Family Residential,as had been proposed in the draft Comprehensive Plan • Congestion is already at an all-time that was circulated for public comment, to Single Family high with traffic on Barker road at a Residential and zone the same parcels Single-Family Urban (R-3). standstill in mornings and afternoons The proposal currently under consideration by the Council includes into the evening;unsafe roads(see I- this change. 90 Barker Exit • Lack of public notification for public Schools- input about the 20 year growth plan As part of the development and coordination of the proposed plan • School over-crowding-leading to all the school districts,including Central Valley School District 356 restructuring of school districts were notified of the draft plan.No school district indicated an causing student displacement from inability to serve projected population and meet adopted level of home areas and more bussing service standards.Additionally,in 2015,the Central Valley School • Insufficient public services including, District passed a construction bond and received a grant to reduce police and fire protection,safe class size,the projects include a new elementary school and related thoroughfares for pedestrians, boundary adjustments,which increase Central Valley School students who must walk to school, District's capacity. Section 4: Response to Comments 76 1 Page # Name Comment Sprague Response and Barker bicyclers and wildlife;sewer,and, water;solid waste/landfill problems; Traffic- proper drainage for run off leading to The DEIS analyzed the existing traffic conditions as well as the flooding;road repair/maintenance; projected traffic impacts from the Multiple Family Residential parks/greenspace designation that had been proposed in the DEIS that was circulated • Increase in water pollutants;increase for public comment (see Section 1.3 Transportation Analysis). of air pollution,heat sinks from Following changes proposed by Council since the public comment impervious surfaces,increase in period, the proposal currently under consideration designates the ozone and CO2 during air emissions parcels as Single Family Residential,which most closely resembles • Lake of projection for wildlife and existing traffic conditions. Nevertheless, under all alternatives,the natural area(wetlands) Sprague and Barker intersection is projected to function with a • Lack of public mass transit to new level of service (LOS) B. This LOS standard meets or exceeds the areas with increased population adopted LOS of D. densities; • A distinct change of the face of the Non-motorized Transportation- area from farming/agricultural/rural The proposed plan identifies recommended pedestrian and bicycle to over-crowded urban sub-urban city improvements,Sprague Avenue and Barker Road near and at their life;and decreased single family intersection are identified for non-motorized improvements. residential property values with increased high density often Neighborhood Character- subsidized complexes The proposed plan and supporting development regulations include Transitional Regulations(Spokane Valley Municipal Code Create a"Special District"such as a 19.75)that reduce potential impacts of higher intensity uses to "Historical Rural Agricultural lower intensity uses. Conservation District"to disallow urban growth. Public Transit- The intersection of Sprague and Barker is approximately 1/4 mile Opposed to charging people a use tax to from Spokane Transit Authority route 98,which has approximate 1/z ride their bicycles on the roads of the City hour weekday service and 1 hour weekend and holiday service.The of Spokane Valley to pay for road repairs intersection is also within the Paratransit Service Area which offers etc door-to-door service for clients that meet eligibility requirements Emergency Responders(Police and Fire)- As part of the development and coordination of the proposed plan both fire protection and law enforcement were provided notice of the proposed plan and supporting regulations.No service provider Section 4: Response to Comments 77 # Name Comment Sprague Response and Barker indicated an inability to serve the projected population and land use and meet adopted level of service standards. Infrastructure and Growth- The development of the comprehensive plan,including the Land Use,Transportation,and Capital Facilities elements considered available public services.Further,the City in Spokane Valley Municipal Code 22.20 requires concurrency review for projects. Public Notice- The City provided notice and opportunities for public comment consistent with local and state regulations and the City's public participation program. Natural Environment including Wildlife- The proposed Comprehensive Plan and supporting development regulations include updated critical areas regulations that incorporate best available science and are designed to mitigate impacts to the natural environment by development(Spokane Valley Municipal Code 21.40).Critical areas include wetlands, critical wildlife habitat,frequently flooded areas,geologically hazard areas,and critical aquifer recharge areas.Any new development will be subject to these updated critical areas regulations. New"Special District"such as Historical Rural Agricultural Conservation District"/Preserve Rural Character or Farm Land- The proposed plan and supporting regulations do not anticipate these"districts".Further,the City is obligated to plan under the Growth Management Act("GMA"),ch.36.70A RCW.Under that law Spokane Valley is by definition an urban growth area which is required to support urban development at urban densities.To the extent that the comment requests that the City encourage rural development or rural densities within the UGA,the suggestion is inconsistent with the GMA. Section 4: Response to Comments 78 16 e, e # Name Comment Sprague Response and Barker Bicycle Road Tax- The proposed plan and supporting regulation do not propose a tax on bicycle use,comment noted. 28 Torres, Request to change the Land Use N Comment noted. Oscar designation on parcel 45091.9100 This request was included in the final land use map of the (known as the International Church comprehensive plan. Foursquare Gospel)from Low Density Residential to Mixed Use 29 Crace, Disapprove of the proposed Land Use Y Sprague Avenue and Barker Road Land Use Map Changes- Courtney Designation change at the corner of After considering public testimony,the City Council directed staff Sprague and Barker as the proposed land to revise the portion of the comprehensive plan in a manner that use is inconsistent with the neighborhood would resolve the Commenter's concerns. Specifically, the character,overcrowding of people, Council's revision would change the land use designation for increased traffic,depreciated home parcels 55173.1018 and 55173.1005 from Multiple Family values,impeding natural wildlife Residential,as had been proposed in the draft Comprehensive Plan that was circulated for public comment, to Single Family Keep builders and developers out of Residential and zone the same parcels Single-Family Urban (R-3). Greenacres/Saltese Flats uplands, The proposal currently under consideration by the Council includes Valleyford,Mica and away from all of the this change. gorgeous rural areas our city has to offer. There needs to be restrictions on who can Traffic- buy,and what can be built;and The DEIS analyzed the existing traffic conditions as well as the apartments,businesses and housing projected traffic impacts from the Multiple Family Residential developments should be banned. The designation that had been proposed in the DEIS that was circulated land should be kept in large acre parcels for public comment (see Section 1.3 Transportation Analysis). with strict building guidelines for Following changes proposed by Council since the public comment homeowners only. period, the proposal currently under consideration designates the parcels as Single Family Residential,which most closely resembles existing traffic conditions. Nevertheless, under all alternatives,the Sprague and Barker intersection is projected to function with a level of service (LOS) B. This LOS standard meets or exceeds the adopted LOS of D. Neighborhood Character- The proposed plan and supporting development regulations include Transitional Regulations(Spokane Valley Municipal Code Section 4: Response to Comments 79 I G # Name Comment Sprague Response and Barker 19.75)that reduce potential impacts of higher intensity uses to lower intensity uses. Natural Environment including Wildlife- The proposed Comprehensive Plan and supporting development regulations include updated critical areas regulations that incorporate best available science and are designed to mitigate impacts to the natural environment by development(Spokane Valley Municipal Code 21.40).Critical areas include wetlands, critical wildlife habitat,frequently flooded areas,geologically hazard areas,and critical aquifer recharge areas.Any new development will be subject to these updated critical areas regulations. New"Special District"such as Historical Rural Agricultural Conservation District"/Preserve Rural Character or Farm Land- The proposed plan and supporting regulations do not anticipate these"districts".Further,the City is obligated to plan under the Growth Management Act("GMA"),ch.36.70A RCW.Under that law Spokane Valley is by definition an urban growth area which is required to support urban development at urban densities.To the extent that the comment requests that the City encourage rural development or rural densities within the UGA,the suggestion is inconsistent with the GMA. Other comments noted 30 Lafrance, If I'd known of the meeting,I would have Y Sprague Avenue and Barker Road Land Use Map Changes- Rod been a speaker at the meeting.Yes,I am After considering public testimony,the City Council directed staff against apartments at that location. to revise the portion of the comprehensive plan in a manner that Do what's right!A simple R4 zone. would resolve the Commenter's concerns. Specifically, the Council's revision would change the land use designation for parcels 55173.1018 and 55173.1005 from Multiple Family Residential,as had been proposed in the draft Comprehensive Plan that was circulated for public comment, to Single Family Residential and zone the same parcels Single-Family Urban (R-3). The proposal currently under consideration by the Council includes Section 4: Response to Comments 80 # Name Comment Sprague Response and Barker this change. 31 Chalpin, Concerned about the proposed high Y Sprague Avenue and Barker Road Land Use Map Changes- Blair density multi-family changes to the areas After considering public testimony,the City Council directed staff north east of Barker and Sprague,and the to revise the portion of the comprehensive plan in a manner that changing the entire block north west of would resolve the Commenter's concerns. Specifically, the Barker and Sprague to mixed use Council's revision would change the land use designation for commercial is quite alarming. parcels 55173.1018 and 55173.1005 from Multiple Family Residential,as had been proposed in the draft Comprehensive Plan Opposed to the removal of limits on the that was circulated for public comment, to Single Family number of units and structure height on Residential and zone the same parcels Single-Family Urban (R-3). any area zoned High Density. The proposal currently under consideration by the Council includes this change. Both Sprague Avenue and Barker Road are severely undersized for the existing Traffic- volume of traffic,and these roads cannot The DEIS analyzed the existing traffic conditions as well as the support continued increases in traffic projected traffic impacts from the Multiple Family Residential brought by proposed zoning changes like designation that had been proposed in the DEIS that was circulated this. for public comment (see Section 1.3 Transportation Analysis). Following changes proposed by Council since the public comment Also obvious is area schools cannot period, the proposal currently under consideration designates the accommodate more children,especially parcels as Single Family Residential,which most closely resembles the special needs segment. existing traffic conditions. Nevertheless, under all alternatives,the Sprague and Barker intersection is projected to function with a Lastly,the changes are not in character level of service (LOS) B. This LOS standard meets or exceeds the with the existing neighborhoods.A adopted LOS of D. continued overdevelopment of rural Greenacres without the necessary Schools- infrastructure is not good planning. As part of the development and coordination of the proposed plan all the school districts,including Central Valley School District 356 were notified of the draft plan.No school district indicated an inability to serve projected population and meet adopted level of service standards.Additionally,in 2015,the Central Valley School District passed a construction bond and received a grant to reduce class size,the projects include a new elementary school and related boundary adjustments,which increase Central Valley School District's capacity. Section 4: Response to Comments 81 I ' ace # Name Comment Sprague Response and Barker Building Heights- The City Council directed staff,after public testimony,to change the proposed Multiple Family zone(MFR)to include a maximum height limit of 50 feet and a maximum density of 22 units per acre. These maximum limits are the same as the existing zoning code for High Density Residential (MF-2)that was adopted in 2006.See Spokane Valley Municipal Code(SVMC) 19.70.020. Neighborhood Character- The proposed plan and supporting development regulations include Transitional Regulations(Spokane Valley Municipal Code 19.75)that reduce potential impacts of higher intensity uses to lower intensity uses. Comment noted 32 Kaiser, Against the land use change at the Y Sprague Avenue and Barker Road Land Use Map Changes- Suzan northeast corner of Sprague and Barker. After considering public testimony,the City Council directed staff to revise the portion of the comprehensive plan in a manner that The roads in this area are already hard to would resolve the Commenter's concerns. Specifically, the manage,the roundabout concept seems Council's revision would change the land use designation for to escape those that do travel these roads parcels 55173.1018 and 55173.1005 from Multiple Family as it is and to add more traffic to this Residential,as had been proposed in the draft Comprehensive Plan already congested area is not something I that was circulated for public comment, to Single Family want to see happen.The construction is Residential and zone the same parcels Single-Family Urban (R-3). already a huge bottle neck and The proposal currently under consideration by the Council includes unwelcome congestion point,adding this change. changes that are not well signed or navigated. I have lived in this area for less Traffic- than 2 years and the amount of traffic, The DEIS analyzed the existing traffic conditions as well as the drugs,theft and general road rage and projected traffic impacts from the Multiple Family Residential racing has doubled in this short time.It is designation that had been proposed in the DEIS that was circulated not easy to get police to respond as it is to for public comment (see Section 1.3 Transportation Analysis). issues,adding more unwelcome issues to Following changes proposed by Council since the public comment this area is unwarranted.I have no period, the proposal currently under consideration designates the interest or desire in seeing more parcels as Single Family Residential,which most closely resembles Section 4: Response to Comments 82 I Pace # Name Comment Sprague Response and Barker apartments to house additional traffic and existing traffic conditions. Nevertheless, under all alternatives,the riff raff added to this area. Sprague and Barker intersection is projected to function with a level of service (LOS) B. This LOS standard meets or exceeds the adopted LOS of D. Crime- There is no conclusive evidence that multi-family designations,like the Multiple Family Residential,increase crime.The available data illustrates a greater connection between socio-economic status and crime than between high-density multiple family housing and crime.(Jianling Li and Jack Rainwater,"The Real Picture of Land- Use Density and Crime:A GIS Application"). Emergency Responders(Police and Fire)- As part of the development and coordination of the proposed plan both fire protection and law enforcement were provided notice of the proposed plan and supporting regulations.No service provider indicated an inability to serve the projected population and land use and meet adopted level of service standards. Comment noted Section 4: Response to Comments 83 I , # Name Comment Sprague Response and Barker 33 Werden, My home is located within 400 feet of the Y Sprague Avenue and Barker Road Land Use Map Changes- Gene above property.I would like the zoning on After considering public testimony,the City Council directed staff the subject property to remain the same to revise the portion of the comprehensive plan in a manner that as it is now. would resolve the Commenter's concerns. Specifically, the Council's revision would change the land use designation for There are no sidewalks on E.Sprague near parcels 55173.1018 and 55173.1005 from Multiple Family Barker road available for school children Residential,as had been proposed in the draft Comprehensive Plan or other foot traffic.There are no bicycle that was circulated for public comment, to Single Family lanes.Vehicle traffic is backed up several Residential and zone the same parcels Single-Family Urban (R-3). times at that intersection every day,with The proposal currently under consideration by the Council includes no signal or roundabout.There are no this change. curbs on Barker Road. Traffic- The schools are crowded.Adding high The DEIS analyzed the existing traffic conditions as well as the density housing adds to the problems. projected traffic impacts from the Multiple Family Residential Under construction,new,near-new,and designation that had been proposed in the DEIS that was circulated existing multi-family units are plentiful in for public comment (see Section 1.3 Transportation Analysis). Spokane Valley. Following changes proposed by Council since the public comment period, the proposal currently under consideration designates the We could use more entry level single parcels as Single Family Residential,which most closely resembles family residences.Balanced residential existing traffic conditions. Nevertheless, under all alternatives,the growth for Spokane Valley is more Sprague and Barker intersection is projected to function with a valuable than just higher numbers of level of service (LOS) B. This LOS standard meets or exceeds the units. adopted LOS of D. Schools- As part of the development and coordination of the proposed plan all the school districts,including Central Valley School District 356 were notified of the draft plan.No school district indicated an inability to serve projected population and meet adopted level of service standards.Additionally,in 2015,the Central Valley School District passed a construction bond and received a grant to reduce class size,the projects include a new elementary school and related boundary adjustments,which increase Central Valley School District's capacity. Section 4: Response to Comments 84 I Pd e # Name Comment Sprague Response and Barker Non-motorized Network(Sidewalks and Bike Lanes)- The proposed plan identifies recommended pedestrian and bicycle improvements,Sprague Avenue and Barker Road near and at their intersection are identified for non-motorized improvements. Single family housing type- The proposed plan provides opportunity for single-family development types;it keeps the majority of land use(54%)as SFR which is equal to existing land use and zoning. Section 4: Response to Comments 85 I Page # Name Comment Sprague Response and Barker 33 Dodd,Janie • Request some type of provision to N Comments noted. - Fuller consider clusters(villages)for the Center working poor/homeless to have a The entire section of 19.40.100 Development Standards-All single low payment to be inclusive for provisions related to small residential dwellings have been the entire village.Suggest a cost per removed from the supporting regulations. village of small residential clusters and cottages be totaled into one The proposed plan and supporting regulations do not propose any "package"along with a check sheet of changes to existing fee structure,amount of fees,or processing for what you(the City)will need for each inspections.Changes to these elements are not proposed at this cluster.Including the cost of time. recording a deed restriction required in 19.40.040(C)2. The size of cottage style housing has been increased to 900 square • Request that a group of inspectors feet. specifically trained for these"clusters or villages"and we have the same All homes are subject to the same energy code. inspector throughout our entire process. • Request that any"changes"be given in a written form similar to a change order process. Then,if the next inspector were to disagree,this,too, would be put in writing and our organization could take the different assessments to a city moderator for a 24 hour turn around with a final decision. • Include provisions to allow small residential dwellings to have an ADU. • Suggest increasing the maximum building size of cottage units to 900 sq.feet. • Support the optional varied height, size proportionality,orientation,roof lines,doors,windows and building materials. • Development standards for Section 4: Response to Comments 86 I Pace # Name Comment Sprague Response and Barker Manufactured homes on individual lots,B3,are required to have an R Factor/energy code as to the State Energy code.We hope this requirement is consistently required for all homes in Spokane Valley. • The setbacks in Table 19.40-2 should be consistently given for all types of homes. Section 4: Response to Comments 87 # Name Comment Sprague Response and Barker 34 Vinson, This new comprehensive plan has Repeat Letter from Vinway above. / Wayne proposed a zone change for me at 117 N. 23 And Barker to a Corridor Mix Use. Sprague Avenue and Barker Road Land Use Map Changes- Vinway From Apple way to Sprague on Barker, The parcels to the northeast of the Sprague Avenue and Barker (email) Barker to Greenacres RD.I strongly Road intersection(parcels 55173.1018 and 55173.1005)have opposes this change,for the following: been changed from the proposed Multiple Family Residential to • We have a traffic problem, Single Family Residential.This change reverts those parcels back to • Over-crowding of schools, the existing(adopted) Land Use Designation and zoning(SFR and • The closest shopping is 2 miles away, R-3). • Emergency responders have a hard time getting down Barker RD. Traffic- • Bus stop is at Appleway and Barker The existing and projected traffic impacts were analyzed in the on the Northwest corner. DEIS integrated with the proposed plan(see Section 1.3 As for future use of the land along Transportation Analysis).The recommended plan shows the Appleway Ave.East or West of Barker Sprague and Barker intersection with a level of service(LOS)B. that is the old railroad line which is now These LOS standards meet or exceed the adopted LOS of D. the Appleway Trail.The only building going up in this area maybe mini strip Emergency Responders(Police and Fire)- malls.Only after removal of the Appleway As part of the development and coordination of the proposed plan trail and even at that there will be very both fire protection and law enforcement were provided notice of little parking.In short there is will be no the proposed plan and supporting regulations.No service provider big development in this area for years and indicated an inability to serve the projected population and land years.There is no need to rezone this use and meet adopted level of service standards. property at this time.Please keep this area the same at medium density Schools- residential. As part of the development and coordination of the proposed plan all the school districts,including Central Valley School District 356 Make both West:Greenarces RD to were notified of the draft plan.No school district indicated an Barker RD,Bow RD to Sprague and East inability to serve projected population. of Barker the same Medium Density residential and this includes that High Public Transit- Density property between Apple way and The intersection of Sprague and Barker is approximately 1/4 mile Sprague East of Baker RD from Spokane Transit Authority route 98,which has approximate 1/z hour weekday service and 1 hour weekend and holiday service.The intersection is also within the Paratransit Service Area which offers door-to-door service for clients that meet eligibility requirements Section 4: Response to Comments 88 I �; # Name Comment Sprague Response and Barker Medium Density Residential- Preserving the existing Medium Density Residential designation and MF-1 zoning was considered under two of the No Action and Citizen Focus alternatives.The preferred alternative eliminated the Medium Density Residential designation and associated MF-1 zone based on the Housing and Economic Trends Existing Condition Report.No change to the preferred alternative regarding the Medium Density Residential designation MF-1 zone has been made. 35 Konkright, Requests that the City Council keep 721 N After considering public testimony,the City Council directed staff Kelly N.Bowdish Road zoned for multi-family to revise the portion of the comprehensive plan in a manner that housing rather than the Neighborhood would resolve the Commenter's concerns. Specifically, the Commercial designation currently Council's revision would change the land use designation for 721 proposed in the Comprehensive Plan N.Bowdish from Neighborhood Commercial,as had been proposed Update. in the draft Comprehensive Plan that was circulated for public There simply is not a market for comment,to Multiple Family Residential and zone the same parcel Neighborhood Commercial uses on this Multiple Family Residential (MFR). The proposal currently under lot.It is in the middle of a residential consideration by the Council includes this change. neighborhood,and there are sufficient NC-type services a few blocks to the south on Sprague Avenue,approximately one(1)mile to the east on Pines Street, and to the west along Argonne/Mullan Road.The only realistic way to re-develop this property is under multi-family zoning, which it has always had while I have Section 4: Response to Comments 89 I ) ace # Name Comment Sprague Response and Barker owned the property. 36 Scott,Susan In the matter of 19.40.090 Development After considering public testimony,the City Council directed staff standards-small residential dwellings,in to revise the portion of the supporting development regulation particular Section C.supportive housing,I 19.40.090 Development standards - small residential dwellings would ask that you following the Planning that would resolve the Commenter's concerns,consistent with the Commission's recommendation to delete recommendation by the Planning Commission. this portion of the plan for further consideration through a future code text amendment. 37 Nelson, Want an investigation as to why the 2 Y Sprague Avenue and Barker Road Land Use Map Changes- Doug northern parcels At Sprague and Barker After considering public testimony,the City Council directed staff (55173.1019 and 55173.1020)are zoned to revise the portion of the comprehensive plan in a manner that high density(with no restrictions). would resolve the Commenter's concerns. Specifically, the Against the Planning Commission's Council's revision would change the land use designation for recommendation.When the parcel was parcels 55173.1018 and 55173.1005 from Multiple Family zoned high density by Spokane County Residential,as had been proposed in the draft Comprehensive Plan there were severe restrictions as to the that was circulated for public comment, to Single Family type of building and the purpose of the Residential and zone the same parcels Single-Family Urban (R-3). building. The proposal currently under consideration by the Council includes this change. Building Heights- The City Council directed staff,after public testimony,to change the proposed Multiple Family zone(MFR)to include a maximum height limit of 50 feet and a maximum density of 22 units per acre. Section 4: Response to Comments 90 I ' ;� # Name Comment Sprague Response and Barker These maximum limits are the same as the existing zoning code for High Density Residential (MF-2)that was adopted in 2006.See Spokane Valley Municipal Code(SVMC) 19.70.020. 38 Blake, I have autism.I don't want apartments to Y Sprague Avenue and Barker Road Land Use Map Changes- Timothy be built in front of my house because After considering public testimony,the City Council directed staff there will be too many people for our to revise the portion of the comprehensive plan in a manner that neighborhood and bully's too.My would resolve the Commenter's concerns. Specifically, the concerns are there would be more traffic Council's revision would change the land use designation for and it would be unsafe for children like me parcels 55173.1018 and 55173.1005 from Multiple Family because there would be bad people. Residential,as had been proposed in the draft Comprehensive Plan More pollution and sound would cause that was circulated for public comment, to Single Family the beautiful outdoors to be ruined and Residential and zone the same parcels Single-Family Urban (R-3). swinging wouldn't be relaxing.It would be The proposal currently under consideration by the Council includes a much smarter idea to add in a park this change. because the neighborhood has no parks Traffic- The DEIS analyzed the existing traffic conditions as well as the projected traffic impacts from the Multiple Family Residential designation that had been proposed in the DEIS that was circulated for public comment (see Section 1.3 Transportation Analysis). Following changes proposed by Council since the public comment period, the proposal currently under consideration designates the parcels as Single Family Residential,which most closely resembles existing traffic conditions. Nevertheless, under all alternatives,the Sprague and Barker intersection is projected to function with a level of service (LOS) B. This LOS standard meets or exceeds the adopted LOS of D. 39 Mathison, I am afraid that bad people will live in the Y Sprague Avenue and Barker Road Land Use Map Changes- Addy apartments that could be built. I am After considering public testimony,the City Council directed staff concerned the animals will run out of to revise the portion of the comprehensive plan in a manner that habitats.Maybe instead of building would resolve the Commenter's concerns. Specifically, the apartments you could build me a Council's revision would change the land use designation for playground parcels 55173.1018 and 55173.1005 from Multiple Family Residential,as had been proposed in the draft Comprehensive Plan Section 4: Response to Comments 91 I # Name Comment Sprague Response and Barker that was circulated for public comment, to Single Family Residential and zone the same parcels Single-Family Urban (R-3). The proposal currently under consideration by the Council includes this change. Natural Environment including Wildlife- The proposed Comprehensive Plan and supporting development regulations include updated critical areas regulations that incorporate best available science and are designed to mitigate impacts to the natural environment by development(Spokane Valley Municipal Code 21.40).Critical areas include wetlands, critical wildlife habitat,frequently flooded areas,geologically hazard areas,and critical aquifer recharge areas.Any new development will be subject to these updated critical areas regulations. 40 Beecher, Well maybe it's about time for me to get Comment noted David involved with politics.I do know one thing,you and your people(City Hall)are out of touch with the people in the City of Spokane Valley.I think it's time to drain the swamp and go back to county government. You should listen to the people,so for the next council meeting I would suggest changing the meeting to a place to hold the crowd that will show up.You don't hold the same values your taxpayers do. How can you represent these people when there is no districts?And this is the best part,when asked about a situation the previous Mayor said it was above his pay grade.Above his pay grade what kind of answer is that? I will tell you,drain your swamp. Isn't Social Media Great. Section 4: Response to Comments 92 I l a e # Name Comment Sprague Response and Barker How about I show you how it works. Lets start stirring the swamp! AGENCY COMMENTS STA 1 The draft policy to,"Maximize the density Comment noted of development along major transit corridors and near transit centers,"is a sound policy that will allow more people to benefit from the community's transit investments.The draft plan also further recognizes the need to prioritize sidewalks near transit stops and other uses that generate a large number of pedestrian trips,improve multimodal connectivity,and work with STA to provide bus shelters at strategic locations.Spokane Transit is supportive of this language as well as proposed changes to the Comprehensive Plan Land Use Map that propose mixed-use and multifamily designations near existing and planned transit lines. 2 Require site design to provide accessible No change made as no changes are proposed to the street pedestrian connections(sidewalks or standards at this time and we do not have design standards in the pathways)for the most direct route code. possible between multifamily and commercial buildings and adjacent bus Non-motorized Network(Sidewalks and Bike Lanes)- stops The proposed plan identifies recommended pedestrian and bicycle improvements,Sprague Avenue and Barker Road near and at their intersection are identified for non-motorized improvements. 3 Allow for a reduction in the amount of Council has recommended changes to address this concern at the Section 4: Response to Comments 93 # Name Comment Sprague Response and Barker required off-street parking for sites conclusion of the public comment period. The current draft under located near transit lines with service consideration includes changes to Title 22.50 to address the every 15 minutes or more often for suggestion made by the Commenter. twelve hours or more each regular weekday. 4 Design planned arterials to accommodate Current proposal does not include any proposed changes to future bus service.This includes existing street standards. considering the locations of bus stops in the design of landscaping and swales to avoid costly retrofits later or creating a barrier to the introduction of service.Plan for safe and convenient pedestrian crossings at regular intervals on these streets. 5 Street connectivity,defined as densely Comment noted,connectivity standards exist in the current street spaced streets that connect with one standards except for elements related to bikes and pedestrians. another to form a street grid of shorter Current proposal does not include any proposed changes to blocks,facilitates more direct travel, existing street standards. placing more area within walking distance of a stop,limit cul-de-sacs or closed-end street designs to circumstances in which barriers prevent full extensions.If full street connection is prevented,then provide bicycle and pedestrian access ways approximately every 300 to 500 feet. 6 Connectivity between bike lanes and No change made as no changes are proposed to the street transit lines,especially in low-density standards at this time. industrial areas is important.Local bike networks should connect with existing transit lines and be free of barriers such as curbs or fences. 7 Encourage the placement of buildings on Comment noted.The changes proposed now allow buildings to be sites in a way that limits the distance a built to the street creating the potential for shorter walking pedestrian will have to walk across distances. parking lots from adjoining streets. Section 4: Response to Comments 94 I '; # Name Comment Sprague Response and Barker WSDOT Page WSDOT Comment Response Number 1 5-76 Need to add language here. This travel Council has recommended changes to address this concern at the pattern highlights the need for network conclusion of the public comment period. The current draft under development as the freeway system alone consideration includes the following change to the comprehensive cannot accommodate this demand in the plan to address the suggestion made by the Commenter. future. Travel demand strategies will also "This travel pattern highlights the need for network development, be an important aspect in dealing with as the freeway system alone cannot accommodate this demand in traffic increases. the future.Travel demand strategies will also be an important aspect in dealing with increasing traffic." 2 5-88 Need to revise map. Map is not clear as Council has recommended changes to address this concern at the some of the busiest corridors like Sullivan conclusion of the public comment period. The current draft under and Sprague show little or no traffic in consideration includes an updated map to address the suggestion certain locations. This is a result of no made by the Commenter 2015 traffic count being available in that area. Suggest that the map also use previous years traffic counts to reflect more data. Also a different color needs to be used to reflect where no data is available. 3 5-89 Need to add"For Highways of Statewide Council has recommended changes to address this concern at the Significance(HSS)that WSDOT sets the conclusion of the public comment period.The current draft under LOS standard. Please contact WSDOT for consideration includes changes to the comprehensive plan and current LOS standards". address the suggestion by the Commenter to clarify the HSS LOS standard. 4 7-123 Need to add statement: 1-90 is a HSS Council has recommended changes to address this concern at the facility under the jurisdiction of WSDOT. conclusion of the public comment period.The current draft under Maintain WSDOT adopted LOS standards consideration includes the following change to the comprehensive on 1-90 and the Ramp Terminals plan to address the suggestion by the Commenter. ""1-90 is a HSS facility under the jurisdiction of WSDOT.Maintain WSDOT adopted LOS standards on 1-90 and the ramp terminal intersections with city streets." Comments-EIS Document-WSDOT 5 18 The identified improvements need to be Council has recommended changes to address this concern at the called out in the table. For instance the conclusion of the public comment period. The current draft under Section 4: Response to Comments 95 # Name Comment Sprague Response and Barker roundabout that will be constructed at consideration includes updates to Table 6 to identify planned and the Barker Interchange,improvements to likely improvements. Pines and Mission,etc. 6 19 What is the corridor length being Council has recommended changes to address this concern at the proposed? What is shown in the table#6 conclusion of the public comment period. The current draft under does not seem consistent with the maps consideration includes updates to Chapter 5 of the comprehensive in Chapter#5 of the Comp.Plan. Suggest plan to update the tables/maps to be consistent with the corridor the interchange area with 1-90 be its own lengths in the EIS,the lengths in Table 6 are correct. corridor. For instance on Pines this could be from Mission on the south side to Indiana on the north side. 7 19 Believe this should refer to Table 7 Council has recommended changes to address this concern at the conclusion of the public comment period. The current draft under consideration includes an updated reference to address the suggestion made by the Commenter. 8 22 The projected LOS seems higher than Council has recommended changes to address this concern at the what is found in the field for Sullivan, conclusion of the public comment period.The current draft under Pines and potentially Barker. consideration includes an updated table title to be clearer. SRTC 1 3 The Introduction Element indicates a Council has recommended changes to address this concern at the robust public,jurisdiction,and agency conclusion of the public comment period.The current draft under involvement process(p. 1-17).For consideration includes new section in Chapter 1 that includes a improved consistency with the GMA,the description of the agency outreach process. Transportation Element should describe the City's process for outreach to other jurisdictions and agencies as it relates to transportation LOS and land use impacts. Section 4: Response to Comments 96 1 ' .I c5; e # Name Comment Sprague Response and Barker 2 3 The EIS Transportation Analysis section Council has recommended changes to address this concern at the (p.25)states that it supports CTR conclusion of the public comment period.The current draft under programs and the Transportation consideration includes an updated policy T-P15 and added a Element policy T-P15 states that the City footnote to page 25 of the EIS to reference the Commute Trip will"Encourage all Commute Trip Reduction Implementation Plan Update:2015-2019. Reduction employers in the City to achieve travel reduction goals."To improve consistency with the GMA,both documents should reference the City's Commute Trip Reduction Implementation Plan Update:2015-2019 and demonstrate its commitment to its CTR program in terms of improved coordination,assisting with identifying infrastructure and cultural barriers to meeting state-mandated CTR goals, assisting with marketing and public outreach,and promoting community leader support. 3 4 Horizon 2040 identifies the segments of Council has recommended changes to address this concern at the Sprague Avenue and Appleway Boulevard conclusion of the public comment period.The current draft under that travel through Spokane Valley as consideration includes updated language related to the part of an Urban Transportation Corridor Sprague/Appleway UTC in the Land Use Element,see page 4-65 (UTC)(p.4-37 of Horizon 2040)and under Attracting New Development in New Areas;page 4-66 encourages local jurisdictions to address Creating Catalytic Development and in Transportation Element future planning related to the corridors. page 5-92,Supporting Economic Development. The City's Land Use and the Transportation elements do not address this corridor.During the 2017 update to Horizon 2040,SRTC will consider the value of keeping this UTC segment in the plan. 4 4-5 The Transportation Element states that Council has recommended changes to address this concern at the "The rationale for evaluating corridor LOS conclusion of the public comment period.The current draft under is to align with the SRTC CMP"(p.5-89), consideration includes an updated transportation mitigation list that its policy is to"Use transportation that includes the City's ongoing non-capacity strategies to address Section 4: Response to Comments 97 I P < c5; e # Name Comment Sprague Response and Barker demand management techniques and mobility along congested corridors. technologies to move people,vehicles and goods safely and efficiently throughout the City's transportation system."(policy T-P17,p.2-28),and that"Overall,it is the City's policy to consider strategies such as transportation demand management, access restrictions,design modifications, transit enhancements,and intelligent transportation systems prior to adding new lane capacity to the system, particularly for single-occupancy vehicles."(p.5-94).Of the 20 proposed mitigation projects to address roadway LOS impacts, 13 are lane addition or road widening projects and 7 are intersection treatments.To improve consistency with Horizon 2040 and pursuant to the CMP, the Transportation Element mitigation project list should also list additional non- capacity adding strategies considered in addition to lane addition or road widening strategies. 5 5 The Transportation Element,policy T-P1 Council has recommended changes to address this concern at the states that the City intends to"Continue conclusion of the public comment period.The current draft under to pursue funding for the Bridging the consideration includes and amended T-P1 to clarify the continued Valley(BTV)program to reduce importance to the City to pursue funding for BNSF mainline rail/vehicle collisions,improve emergency separation projects.The policy now reads:"Continue to pursue access,eliminate vehicle waiting times, funding for the BNSF mainline separation projects of Bridging the reduce noise,and improve traffic flow." Valley program to reduce rail/vehicle collisions,improve From the regional perspective,Bridging emergency access,eliminate vehicle waiting times,reduce noise, the Valley is a long-term,unfunded and improve traffic flow." project.Further,as stated in Horizon 2040(p.2-10),"The priority of BTV projects continues to be evaluated by regional decision makers,especially in Section 4: Response to Comments 98 I Pace # Name Comment Sprague Response and Barker light of limited transportation funding resources and the need to secure commitment from the railroads." Ecology 1 Floodplain regulations and goals for Council has recommended changes to address this concern at the future improvement are well described in conclusion of the public comment period.The current draft under the document.Referencing SVMC consideration include updated figure numbers and cross- Chapter 21.30,Floodplain Regulations,in references. the CAO and Comp Plan is Ecology's recommended practice.One minor comment on Comp Plan page 10-159, Frequently Flooded Areas section: Figure 49 is referenced for the location of the floodplain,when it should be Figure 51. Section 4: Response to Comments 99 Title 17 GENERAL PROVISIONS Chapters: 17.10 Authority 17.20 Purpose 17.30 Application,Violation, and Penalty 17.40 Rules of Construction 17.50 Code Interpretation 17.60 Consistency with Comprehensive Plan 17.70 Severability 17.80 Permit Processing Procedures 17.90 Appeals 17.100 Compliance and Enforcement 17.110 Fees and Penalties Chapter 17.10 AUTHORITY Sections: 17.10.010 Adoption authority. 17.10.010 Adoption authority. The City adopts Titles 17 through 24 SVMC pursuant to RCW 35A.11.020 and RCW 35A.14.140, and further in compliance with chapter 36.70A RCW (the Growth Management Act) and chapter 365-196 WAC. Chapter 17.20 PURPOSE Sections: 17.20.010 General. 17.20.020 Liability. 17.20.010 General. The regulations have been established in accordance with the Comprehensive Plan for the purpose of promoting the health, safety, general welfare, and protection of the environment of the City. They have been designed to reduce traffic congestion; to reduce the threat of fire, panic, and other dangers; to provide adequate light and air; to prevent the overcrowding of land; to avoid undue concentration of population; to facilitate the adequate provision of transportation, water, sewerage, schools, parks, and other public requirements; to safeguard community character; to encourage land uses in areas suitable 1 for particular uses; to conserve the value of property; and to encourage the most appropriate use of land throughout the City. 17.20.020 Liability. Title 17 SVMC shall not be construed to relieve or lessen the responsibility of a person owning, building, altering, constructing, or moving a building or structure, or developing a parcel or parcels of property as defined in SVMC, nor shall the City or an agent thereof be held as assuming such liability by reason of inspection authorized in Title 17 SVMC or a certificate of inspection issued by the City or any of its agencies. Chapter 17.30 APPLICATION, VIOLATION, AND PENALTY Sections: 17.30.010 General. 17.30.010 General. All development and use of land within the corporate limits of the City shall conform to all of the requirements of the SVMC, unless specifically exempted herein or by the operation of law. All violations of Titles 17 through 24 SVMC are hereby determined to be detrimental to the public health, safety, and general welfare and are hereby declared public nuisances. Further, any person who willfully or knowingly causes, aids, or abets a violation pursuant to the SVMC, by any act of commission or omission, is guilty of a misdemeanor. In addition to any other remedy allowed by law, the City may seek to prosecute such misdemeanor and upon conviction, the person shall be punished by a fine not to exceed $1,000 and/or incarceration for a term not to exceed 90 days. Each week (seven consecutive days) such violation continues shall be considered a separate misdemeanor offense. Chapter 17.40 RULES OF CONSTRUCTION Sections: 17.40.010 General. 17.40.020 Specific. 17.40.010 General. All provisions, terms, phrases, and expressions contained in the SVMC shall be construed to implement the intent and meaning of the City Council. 17.40.020 Specific. A. Computation of Time. The time within which an act is to be done shall be computed by excluding the first and including the last day. Although, if the defined period of time would expire on a Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday, then the time period is extended until the end of the next day that is not a Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday. In the computation of time, the standard calendar shall be used. The following time-related words shall have the meanings ascribed below: 1. "Day" means a calendar day, unless working day is specified. 2. "Week" means seven calendar days. 3. "Month" means a calendar month. 4. "Year" means a calendar year. 2 B. Conjunctions. Unless the context clearly indicates to the contrary, conjunctions shall be interpreted as follows: 1. "And" indicates that all connected items, conditions, provisions, or events shall apply. 2. "Or" indicates that one or more of the connected items, conditions, provisions, or events shall apply. 3. "Either/or" indicates that the connected items, conditions, provisions, or events shall apply singularly but not in combination. C. Delegation of Authority. Whenever a provision appears requiring the head of a department or some other officer or employee to do some act or perform some duty, it is to be construed to authorize the head of the department or other officer to designate, delegate, and authorize subordinates to perform the required act or duty, unless the terms of the provision or section specify otherwise. D. Nontechnical and Technical Words. Words and phrases shall be construed according to the common and approved usage of the language, but technical words and phrases and such others as may have acquired a peculiar and appropriate meaning in law shall be construed and understood according to such meaning. E. Number. A word indicating the singular number may extend and be applied to several persons and things. The use of the plural number shall be deemed to include any single person or thing, unless the context clearly indicates the contrary. F. Public Officials, Bodies, and Agencies. All public officials, bodies, and agencies to which reference is made are those of the City, unless otherwise indicated. G. Shall and May. The word "shall" is always mandatory and not discretionary. The word "may" is permissive. H. Tense. Words used in the past or present tense include the future as well as the past or present, unless the context clearly indicates the contrary. Text. In case of any difference of meaning or implication between the text of the SVMC and any illustration or figure, the text shall control. Chapter 17.50 CODE INTERPRETATION Sections: 17.50.010 Purpose. 17.50.020 Procedure. 17.50.030 Criteria. 17.50.020 Appeal of Code interpretation. 17.50.010 Purpose. The Director shall have the authority to make written interpretations when necessary for clarification or to resolve conflicts within Titles 17 through 24 SVMC, Zoning Map, arterial road map, prior conditions of approval, or prior administrative interpretations pursuant to SVMC 17.50.020. All requests for formal interpretations shall be made in writing. The interpretation shall be made by the Director. The Department shall maintain a file of all written interpretations. 3 17.50.020 Procedure. A. Code interpretations shall be processed as a Type I decision pursuant to SVMC 17.80.030. B. The Director may make an interpretation when (1) he or she determines such an interpretation is necessary for City implementation of the SVMC, or(2) when requested by a person as set forth in SVMC 17.50.020(C). C. Any person whose property, residence, or business, is or will likely be impacted by a project may submit a written request for a Code interpretation to the Director, provided that a Code interpretation related to any pending project application that is requested by a person other than the project applicant or property owner shall not be considered unless it is requested within 60 days after an application has been determined to be complete or prior to the conclusion of the public comment period, if any, whichever is later. D. A request for a Code interpretation shall include the following: 1. The provision of Titles 17 through 24 SVMC, Zoning Map, arterial road map, conditions of approval, or prior administrative interpretation for which an interpretation is requested; 2. Why an interpretation of each provision is necessary. If the requestor is a person whose property, residence, or business is or will likely be impacted by a project, the requestor shall submit an explanation as to how the project is or will likely impact that person's property, residence, or business; and 3. Any reasons or material in support of a proposed interpretation. 17.50.030 Criteria. The Director shall base his or her interpretations on: 1. The defined or common meaning of the words of the provision; 2. The general purpose of the provision as expressed in the provision; and 3. The logical or likely meaning of the provision viewed in relation to other related applicable provisions and the Comprehensive Plan. 17.50.040 Appeal of administrative interpretation. A formal interpretation may be appealed pursuant to the provisions of chapter 17.90 SVMC, Appeals. Chapter 17.60 CONSISTENCY WITH COMPREHENSIVE PLAN Sections: 17.60.010 Implementation of Comprehensive Plan. 17.60.010 Implementation of Comprehensive Plan. The regulations of the SVMC are intended to implement the City's official Comprehensive Plan and, as such, may be amended from time to time. A copy of the Comprehensive Plan shall be kept in the office of 4 the City Clerk, and it shall be available for public inspection during regular business hours or on the City's website. Applications for rezoning any land use action shall be consistent with the Comprehensive Plan. Chapter 17.70 SEVERABILITY Sections: 17.70.010 Severability. 17.70.010 Severability. The sections, paragraphs, sentences, clauses, and phrases of Titles 17 through 24 SVMC are severable, and if any phrase, clause, sentence, paragraph, or section of Titles 17 through 24 SVMC shall be declared unconstitutional, such unconstitutionality or invalidity shall not affect any of the remaining phrases, clauses, sentences, paragraphs, or sections of the SVMC to the extent permitted by law. Chapter 17.80 PERMIT PROCESSING PROCEDURES Sections: 17.80.010 Purpose and applicability. 17.80.020 Types of development applications. 17.80.030 Assignment of development application classification. 17.80.040 Exempt activities. 17.80.050 Development application requirements. 17.80.060 Final decision authority. 17.80.070 Required application procedures. 17.80.080 Pre-application conference. 17.80.090 Counter-complete determination. 17.80.100 Fully complete determination. 17.80.110 Notice of application. 17.80.120 Notice of public hearing. 17.80.130 Final decision. 17.80.140 Type IV applications —Comprehensive Plan amendments, development agreements associated with a Comprehensive Plan amendment, and area-wide rezones. 17.80.150 Type IV applications —Text amendments to the SVMC. 17.80.160 Optional consolidated review process. 17.80.170 Vesting of applications. 17.80.010 Purpose and applicability. A. Purpose. The purpose of chapter 17.80 SVMC is to establish standardized decision-making procedures for reviewing development and land use applications within the City. Chapter 17.80 SVMC is intended to: 1. Assure prompt review of development applications; 2. Provide for necessary public review and comment on development applications; 3. Minimize adverse impacts on surrounding land uses; 4. Encourage flexibility and innovation in the design and layout of development proposals; and 5. Ensure consistency with the Comprehensive Plan and development regulations. 5 B. Applicability. Chapter 17.80 SVMC applies to all development applications identified in the SVMC. 17.80.020 Types of development applications. Land use and development applications are classified as follows: A. Type I procedures apply to permits and decisions issued administratively; B. Type II procedures apply to administrative actions that contain some discretionary criteria; C. Type III procedures apply to quasi-judicial permits and actions that contain discretionary approval criteria; D. Type IV procedures apply to legislative matters. Legislative matters involve the creation, revision, or large-scale implementation of public policy; E. Exempt applications defined in SVMC 17.80.040. 17.80.030 Assignment of development application classification. A. Assignment by Table. Land use and development applications shall be classified pursuant to SVMC Table 17.80-1 below: Table 17.80-1 —Permit Type and Land Use Application Type Land Use and Development Application SVMC Cross- Reference Accessory dwelling units 19.40 Administrative determinations by Director, public works director, or building Multiple official Administrative exception 19.140 Administrative interpretation 17.50.010 Boundary line adjustments and eliminations 20.80 Building permits not subject to SEPA 21.20.040 Floodplain development 21.30 Type I Grading permits 24.50 Home business permit 19.65.180 Shoreline letter of exemption 21.50 Record of survey to establish lots within a binding site plan 20.60.040 Right-of-way permits 22.130.100 Site plan review 19.130 Temporary use permit 19.160 Time extensions for preliminary subdivision, short subdivision, or binding site plan 20.30.060 Alterations —Preliminary and final subdivisions, short subdivisions, binding site 20.50 plans Type II Binding site plan—Preliminary and final 20.50 Binding site plan—Change of conditions 20.50 6 Table 17.80-1 —Permit Type and Land Use Application Type Land Use and Development Application SVMC Cross- Reference SEPA threshold determination 21.20.060 Shoreline conditional use permit 21.50 Shoreline nonconforming use or structure review 21.50 Shoreline substantial development permit 21.50 Shoreline variance 21.50 Short subdivision—Preliminary and final 20.30, 20.40 Preliminary short subdivision, binding site plan—Change of conditions 20.30 Wireless communication facilities 22.120 Conditional use permits 19.150 Planned residential developments 19.50 Plat vacation 20.70.020 Type III Preliminary subdivision—Change of conditions 20.50 Subdivisions—Preliminary 20.30 Variance 19.170 Zoning Map amendments (site-specific rezones) 19.30.030 Annual Comprehensive Plan amendments (text and/or map) 17.80.140 Type IV Area-wide Zoning Map amendments 17.80.140 Development Code text amendments 17.80.150 B. Assignment by Director. Land use and development applications not defined in SVMC Table 17.80-1 shall be assigned a type based on the most closely-related application type by the Director, unless exempt under SVMC 17.80.040. When more than one procedure may be appropriate, the process providing the greatest opportunity for public notice shall be followed. C. Shoreline letters of exemption, shoreline substantial development permits, shoreline conditional use permits, shoreline variances, and shoreline nonconforming use or structure review shall be processed pursuant to the procedures set forth in chapter 17.80 SVMC, subject to any additional or modified procedures provided in chapter 21.50 SVMC Shoreline Regulations, including submittals, completeness review, notices, hearings, and decisions. D. Except as provided in Table 17.80-1, change of conditions for permits shall be processed the same as the original permit type. 17.80.040 Exempt activities. A. Exemptions. Unless specified elsewhere in Title 17 SVMC, the following development activities are exempt from the procedural requirements of chapter 17.80 SVMC: 1. Normal or emergency repair or maintenance of public or private buildings, structures, landscaping, or utilities. 2. A change of any legally established use is exempt; unless the change of use requires: a. An increase in the number of parking spaces provided; b. A conditional use permit under chapter 19.150, SVMC Conditional Use Permits; c. A site plan approval under chapter 19.130 SVMC, Site Plan Review; or d. Review by SEPA. 3. Final subdivisions, short subdivisions, and binding site plans. 4. Building permits that are not subject to SEPA. 5. On-site utility permits not obtained in conjunction with a specific development application including, but not limited to, sewer hook-ups, water hook-ups, right-of-way permits, and fire department permits. 6. Sign permits. 7. Interior remodeling and tenant improvements unless site plan review is required under chapter 19.130 SVMC, Site Plan Review. B. Other Regulations. Applications exempt pursuant to SVMC 17.80.040 remain subject to all other applicable standards and requirements of the SVMC. 17.80.050 Development application requirements. A. Application Forms. All applications shall be made on forms provided by the Department. The Director shall have authority to modify application forms. B. Submittal Information. All applications shall include the information required in applicable provisions of the SVMC as identified in SVMC Table 17.80-2 and other additional information required by the Department. C. Land use and development applications shall be signed by the owner(s) of the property. D. Fees. Fees as required by chapter 17.110 SVMC, Fees and Penalties. 17.80.060 Final decision authority. The final decision for application type shall be made by: A. Type I —the Department. B. Type II —the Department. C. Type III —the Hearing Examiner. D. Type IV—the City Council preceded by a recommendation by the Planning Commission. 17.80.070 Required application procedures. The required procedures for Type I, II, and III applications are set forth in SVMC Table 17.80-2 below. The specific procedures required for Type IV applications are set forth in SVMC 17.80.140 and 17.80.150. 8 Table 17.80-2—Permit Type and Land Use Application Final Pre- Counter- Fully Notice of decision Application application complete complete Notice of public and conference determination determination application hearing notice Type 17.80.080 17.80.090 17.80.100 17.80.110 17.80.120 17.80.130 I 0 X X N/A N/A X *II **O X X X N/A X III X X X X X X X Required 0 Optional N/A Not Applicable *Does not apply to SEPA threshold determinations. Refer to SVMC 21.20.070(B)(2) for noticing requirements. **Except for short subdivisions and binding site plans which require a pre-application meeting. 17.80.080 Pre-application conference. A. Purpose. To provide the City and other agency staff with a sufficient level of detail about the proposed development; to enable staff to advise the applicant of applicable approvals and requirements; to acquaint the applicant with the applicable requirements of the SVMC and other laws; and to identify issues and concerns in advance of a formal application. B. Pre-Application. Type II and III applicants shall schedule a pre-application conference and provide information requested in advance of the meeting. C. Pre-Application Waivers. The Director may waive the pre-application conference if determined that the proposal has few development-related issues, involves subsequent phases of an approved development, or is substantially similar to a prior proposal affecting substantially the same property. 17.80.090 Counter-complete determination. A. Determination and Application Content. Prior to accepting an application, the Department shall determine whether the application is counter-complete. A counter-complete application shall contain all information requested in the applicable form. Review for counter-complete status does not include an evaluation of the substantive adequacy of the information in the application. B. Incomplete Application. If the Department determines that the application is not counter- complete, the application shall be rejected and the applicant advised of the information needed to complete the application. C. Counter-Complete Application. Counter-complete applications shall be accepted for review for fully complete determination. 17.80.100 Fully complete determination. A. Determination. Once a counter-complete application has been accepted, the Department shall, within 28 calendar days, provide a written determination delivered by mail or in person to the applicant that the application is fully complete, or if incomplete, a list of what is required to make the application complete. Upon receipt of the requested material, the Department shall conduct another review and respond as set forth above. The names of agencies of local, state, or federal governments that may have jurisdiction over some aspect of the application to the extent known by the City shall be provided to the applicant. 9 B. The City shall notify the applicant whether an application is fully complete or what additional information is necessary within 14 calendar days after the applicant has submitted any additional information identified by the City as necessary for a complete application. C. Incomplete Application. If the necessary information is not provided by the applicant within 60 days, the Department shall: 1. Reject and return the application; 2. Issue a decision denying the application, based on a lack of information. The applicant may reinitiate the fully complete review process without additional fees; provided, that the required information is provided by a date specified by the Department; or 3. The applicant may withdraw the application by submitting a request in writing and may be entitled to the return of up to 80 percent of the fees submitted. D. Fully Complete Application. Once the Department determines that an application is fully complete, the Department shall, within 14 calendar days, issue a notice of application pursuant to SVMC 17.80.110. E. Request for Additional Information. A fully complete determination shall not preclude the City from requesting additional information, studies, or changes to submitted information or plans if new information is required, or substantial changes to the proposal occur. F. Revocation. An application's fully complete status may be revoked if the Department determines that the applicant intentionally submitted false information. In the event an applicant's fully complete status is revoked, the applicant shall lose any rights granted pursuant to SVMC 17.80.170. 17.80.110 Notice of application. A. Contents. The Department shall issue a notice of application within 14 calendar days after an application is determined fully complete. 1. All notices of applications shall include the following: a. The case file number(s), the date of application, and the date a fully complete application was filed; b. A description of the proposed project and a list of project permits included with the application, as well as the identification of other permits not included in the application, to the extent known to the City; c. The proposed SEPA threshold determination, if applicable; d. The identification of any existing environmental documents that may be used to evaluate the proposed project; e. Statement of the public comment period. A statement that the public has the right to comment on the application, receive notice of the decision, and request a copy of the decision once made, and a statement of any appeal rights; f. The name of the applicant or applicant's authorized representative and the name, address, and telephone number of a contact person for the applicant, if any; 10 g. A description of the site, including current zoning and nearest road intersections, sufficient to inform the reader of its location and zoning; h. A map showing the subject property in relation to other properties or a reduced copy of the site plan; The date, place, and times where information about the application may be examined and the name and telephone number of the City representative to contact about the application; and j. Any additional information determined appropriate by the Department. 2. In addition to the requirements listed in subsection (A)(1)of SVMC 17.80.110, a Type II notice of application shall state: a. That failure of any party to address the relevant approval criteria with sufficient specificity may result in the denial of the application; b. That all evidence relied upon by the Department to make the decision shall be contained within the record and is available for public review, and that copies can be obtained at a reasonable cost from the Department; c. That, after the comment period closes, the Department shall issue a Type II notice of decision. 3. In addition to the requirements listed in subsection (A)(1) of SVMC 17.80.110, a Type III application shall state: a. That a staff report shall be available for inspection at least seven days before the public hearing, and written comments may be submitted at any time prior to the closing of the record for the public hearing. B. Distribution of Notice of Application. The notice of application shall be published in an appropriate regional or neighborhood newspaper or trade journal and sent to the following persons by regular mail: 1. The applicant; 2. All adjacent property owners of record as shown on the most recent property tax assessment roll; 3. Any governmental agency entitled to notice; and 4. Any person filing a written request for a copy of the notice of application. C. Type I Exception. A notice of application is not required for Type I applications. D. Comment Period. The Department shall allow 14 calendar days for Type II applications and 30 calendar days for Type III applications after the date the notice of application is mailed and posted on the subject property, for individuals to submit comments. Within seven calendar days after the close of the public comment period, the Department shall mail to the applicant a copy of written public comments, including e-mail communications timely received in response to the notice of application, together with a statement that the applicant may either submit a written response to these comments within 14 calendar days from the date the comments are mailed or waive the response period. If the applicant desires to waive his right to respond to the comments, such waiver shall be provided to the Department in writing. The Department, in making its 11 decision on the application, shall consider written comments timely received in response to the notice of application and timely written responses to those comments, including e-mail communications, submitted by the applicant. 17.80.120 Notice of public hearing. A public hearing is required for Type III applications. A. Content of Notice of Public Hearing. Notices of public hearing shall contain the following information: 1. The application and/or project number; 2. Project summary/description of each project permit application; 3. The designation of the hearing body; 4. The date, time, and place of the hearing and a statement that the hearing will be conducted in accordance with the rules of procedure adopted by the hearing body; 5. General project location, vicinity, address, and parcel number(s), if applicable; 6. The name of the applicant or applicant's authorized representative and the name, address, and telephone number of a contact person for the applicant, if any; 7. The SEPA threshold determination, or description thereof, shall be contained in the notice, along with any appropriate statement regarding any shared or divided lead agency status and phased review and stating the end of any final comment period; 8. A statement regarding the appeal process; and 9. The date when the staff report will be available and the place and times where it can be reviewed. B. Distribution of Notices of Public Hearing. Notices of public hearing shall be mailed, posted, and published at least 15 days prior to the hearing date and shall be distributed as follows: 1. Notice by Mail. All property owners within 400 feet of the subject property by first class mail. Where any portion of the property abutting the subject property is owned, controlled, or under the option of the project property owner, then all property owners within a 400 foot radius of the total ownership interest shall be notified by first class mail. Property owners are those shown on the most recent Spokane County assessor's/treasurer's database as obtained by the title company no more than 30 calendar days prior to the scheduled public hearing. In addition, notice shall be sent to the following: a. Agencies with jurisdiction (SEPA); b. Municipal corporations or organization with which the City has executed an interlocal agreement; and c. Other persons outside of the 400 foot radius who the City determines may be affected by the proposed action or who requested such notice in writing. Examples of considerations for determining when to provide notice to other persons who may be affected include, but are not limited to, circumstances such as large neighboring properties which limit the number of properties receiving notice within the 400 foot radius, known or likely public interest in the 12 project due to the size of the project or likely substantial adverse impacts of the project on the neighboring properties, and other similar considerations. Failure to send public notice to other persons beyond the 400 foot radius shall not be considered inadequate public notice. 2. Notice by Sign. A sign a minimum of 16 square feet(four feet in width by four feet in height) in area shall be posted by the applicant on the site along the most heavily- traveled street adjacent to the subject property. The sign shall be provided by the applicant. The sign shall be constructed of material of sufficient weight and reasonable strength to withstand normal weather conditions. The sign shall be lettered and spaced as follows: a. A minimum of two-inch border on the top, sides, and bottom of the sign; b. The first line in four-inch letters shall read "Notice of Public Hearing"; c. Spacing between all lines shall be a minimum of one inch; and d. The text of the sign shall include the following information in a minimum of one- inch letters: Proposal; ii. Applicant; iii. File number; iv. Hearing (date and time); v. Location; and vi. Review authority. 3. Notice by Publication. Publish one notice in an appropriate regional or neighborhood newspaper or trade journal. 17.80.130 Final decision. A. Timeline to Make Final Decision —Type I. The Department shall approve, approve with conditions, or deny a Type I application within 60 calendar days after the date the application was accepted as fully complete, unless accompanied by a SEPA checklist. Time spent by the applicant to revise plans or provide additional studies or materials requested by the City shall not be included in the 60-day period. An applicant may agree in writing to extend the time in which the Department shall issue a decision. The Department's decision shall address all of the relevant approval criteria applicable to the development application. B. Timeline to Make Final Decision —Type II and III. The final decision on a Type II and III application shall be made not more than 120 calendar days (90 days for subdivisions)after the date a fully complete determination is made. This period shall not include: 1. Time spent by the applicant to revise plans or provide additional studies or materials requested by the City; 2. Time spent preparing an environmental impact statement; 3. Time between submittal and resolution of an appeal; or 13 4. Any extension of time mutually agreed upon by the applicant and the City in writing. C. The timeline for all final decisions shall be subject to any changes pursuant to SVMC 17.80.170(G). D. Contents of Final Decision. The final decision on Type II and III applications shall contain the following information: 1. The nature of the application in sufficient detail to apprise persons entitled to notice of the applicant's proposal and of the decision; 2. The address or other geographic description of the subject property, including a map of the site in relation to the surrounding area, where applicable; 3. The date the decision shall become final, unless appealed; 4. A statement that all persons who have standing under chapter 17.90 SVMC, Appeals may appeal the decision; 5. A statement in boldface type briefly explaining how an appeal can be filed, the deadline for filing such an appeal, and where further information can be obtained concerning the appeal; 6. A statement that the complete case file, including findings, conclusions, decisions, and conditions of approval, if any, is available for review. The notice of final decision shall list the place, days, and times where the case file is available and the name and telephone number of the City representative to contact about reviewing the case file; 7. A statement of the facts demonstrating how the application does or does not comply with applicable approval criteria; 8. A statement of the basis of decision pursuant to the SVMC and other applicable law; 9. The reasons for a conclusion to approve, approve with conditions, or deny the application; 10. The decision to approve or deny the application and, if approved, conditions of approval necessary to ensure the proposed development will comply with applicable law; and 11. The date the final decision is mailed. E. Notice of the Final Decision. All final decisions shall be sent by regular mail to the following: 1. The applicant; 2. Any governmental agency entitled to notice; 3. Any person filing a written request for a copy of the notice of application or the final decision; and 4. Any person who testified at the hearing or who provided substantive written comments on the application during the public comment period and provided a mailing address. 17.80.140 Type IV applications —Comprehensive Plan amendments, development agreements associated with a Comprehensive Plan amendment, and area-wide rezones. 14 A. Initiation. Comprehensive Plan amendments and area-wide rezones may be initiated by any of the following: 1. Property owner(s)or their representatives; 2. Any citizen, agency, neighborhood association, or other party; or 3. The Department, Planning Commission, or City Council. B. Applications. Applications shall be made on forms provided by the City. C. Application Submittal. 1. Applicant Initiated. Comprehensive Plan amendments and area-wide rezones shall be subject to a pre-application conference, counter-complete, and fully complete determinations pursuant to SVMC 17.80.080, SVMC 17.80.090, and SVMC 17.80.100. The date upon fully complete determination shall be the date of registration with the Department. 2. Non-Applicant Initiated. After submittal of a non-applicant-initiated application, the application shall be placed on the register. D. Register of Comprehensive Plan Amendments and Area-Wide Rezones. The Department shall establish and maintain a register of all applications. E. Concurrent and Annual Review of Register. 1. Sixty days prior to November 1st in each calendar year, the City shall notify the public that the amendment process has begun. Notice shall be distributed as follows: a. Notice published in an appropriate regional or neighborhood newspaper or trade journal; b. Notice posted on all of the City's official public notice boards; and c. Copy of the notice sent to all agencies, organizations, and adjacent jurisdictions with an interest. 2. All registered applications shall be reviewed concurrently, on an annual basis and in a manner consistent with RCW 36.70A.130(2). Applications registered after November 1st of the previous calendar year and before November 1st of the current calendar year shall be included in the annual review. Those registered after November 1st of the calendar year shall be placed on the register for review at the following annual review. 3. Emergency Amendments. The City may review and amend the Comprehensive Plan when the City Council determines that an emergency exists or in other circumstances as provided for by RCW 36.70A.130(2)(a). F. Notice of Public Hearing. Comprehensive Plan amendments and area-wide rezones require a public hearing before the Planning Commission. 1. Contents of Notice. A notice of public hearing shall include the following: a. The citation, if any, of the provision that would be changed by the proposal along with a brief description of that provision; 15 b. A statement of how the proposal would change the affected provision; c. A statement of what areas, Comprehensive Plan designations, zones, or locations will be directly affected or changed by the proposal; d. The date, time, and place of the public hearing; e. A statement of the availability of the official file; and f. A statement of the right of any person to submit written comments to the Planning Commission and to appear at the public hearing of the Planning Commission to give oral comments on the proposal. 2. Distribution of Notice. The Department shall distribute the notice pursuant to SVMC 17.80.120(B). G. Planning Commission Recommendation — Procedure. Following the public hearing, the Planning Commission shall consider the applications concurrently, and shall prepare and forward a recommendation of proposed action for all applications to the City Council. The Planning Commission shall take one of the following actions: 1. If the Planning Commission determines that the proposal should be adopted, it may, by a majority vote, recommend that the City Council adopt the proposal. The Planning Commission may make modifications to any proposal prior to recommending the proposal to City Council for adoption. If the modification is substantial, the Planning Commission must conduct a public hearing on the modified proposal; 2. If the Planning Commission determines that the proposal should not be adopted, it may, by a majority vote, recommend that the City Council not adopt the proposal; or 3. If the Planning Commission is unable to take either of the actions specified in subsection (G)(1)or(2)of SVMC 17.80.140, the proposal will be sent to City Council with the notation that the Planning Commission makes no recommendation. H. Approval Criteria. 1. The City may only approve Comprehensive Plan amendments and area-wide Zoning Map amendments if it finds that: a. The proposed amendment bears a substantial relationship to the public health, safety, welfare, and protection of the environment; b. The proposed amendment is consistent with the requirements of chapter 36.70A RCW and with the portion of the City's adopted plan not affected by the amendment; c. The proposed amendment responds to a substantial change in conditions beyond the property owner's control applicable to the area within which the subject property lies; d. The proposed amendment corrects an obvious mapping error; or e. The proposed amendment addresses an identified deficiency in the Comprehensive Plan. 16 2. The City shall also consider the following factors prior to approving Comprehensive Plan amendments: a. The effect upon the physical environment; b. The effect on open space, streams, rivers, and lakes; c. The compatibility with and impact on adjacent land uses and surrounding neighborhoods; d. The adequacy of and impact on community facilities including utilities, roads, public transportation, parks, recreation, and schools; e. The benefit to the neighborhood, City, and region; f. The quantity and location of land planned for the proposed land use type and density and the demand for such land; g. The current and projected population density in the area; and h. The effect upon other aspects of the Comprehensive Plan. City Council Action. Within 60 days of receipt of the Planning Commission's findings and recommendations, the City Council shall consider the findings and recommendations of the Planning Commission concerning the application and may hold a public hearing pursuant to City Council rules. The Department shall distribute notice of the City Council's public hearing pursuant to SVMC 17.80.120(B). All annual amendments to the Comprehensive Plan shall be considered concurrently. By a majority vote of its membership, the City Council shall: 1. Approve the application; 2. Disapprove the application; 3. Modify the application. If the modification is substantial, the City Council shall either conduct a public hearing on the modified proposal; or 4. Refer the proposal back to the Planning Commission for further consideration. In the event there is a tie or less than a majority vote of the membership of the City Council in favor of one of SVMC 17.80.140(1)(1)-(4), such a vote shall be considered a vote against the motion, the motion shall fail, and no further action shall be required by the City Council, although City Council may take such other action as it deems appropriate. J. Transmittal to the State of Washington. At least 60 days prior to final action being taken by the City Council, the Washington State Department of Commerce (Commerce)shall be provided with a copy of the amendments in order to initiate the 60-day comment period. No later than 10 days after adoption of the proposal, a copy of the final decision shall be forwarded to Commerce. 17.80.150 Type IV applications —Text amendments to Titles 17 through 25 of the SVMC. A. Initiation. Text amendments to Titles 17 through 24 of the SVMC may be initiated by any of the following: 1. Property owner(s)or their representatives; 2. Any citizen, agency, neighborhood association, or other party; or 17 3. The Department, Planning Commission, or City Council. B. Applications. Applications shall be made on forms provided by the City. C. Application Submittal. 1. After submittal of an applicant-initiated application, the application shall be subject to a pre-application conference, counter-complete determination, and fully complete determination pursuant to SVMC 17.80.080, SVMC 17.80.090, and SVMC 17.80.100. 2. After submittal, the application shall be placed on the next available Planning Commission agenda. D. Notice of Public Hearing. Amendments require a public hearing before the Planning Commission. 1. Contents of Notice. A notice of public hearing shall include the following: a. The citation, if any, of the provision that would be changed by the proposal along with a brief description of that provision; b. A statement of how the proposal would change the affected provision; c. The date, time, and place of the public hearing; d. A statement of the availability of the official file; and e. A statement of the right of any person to submit written comments to the Planning Commission and to appear at the public hearing of the Planning Commission to give oral comments on the proposal. 2. Distribution of Notice. The Department shall distribute the notice to the applicant, newspaper, City Hall, and the main branch of the library. E. Planning Commission Recommendation — Procedure. Following the public hearing, the Planning Commission shall consider the proposal and shall prepare and forward a recommendation to the City Council. The Planning Commission shall take one of the following actions: 1. If the Planning Commission determines that the proposal should be adopted, it may, by a majority vote, recommend that the City Council adopt the proposal. The Planning Commission may make modifications to any proposal prior to recommending the proposal to City Council for adoption. If the modification is substantial, the Planning Commission must conduct a public hearing on the modified proposal; 2. If the Planning Commission determines that the proposal should not be adopted, it may, by a majority vote, recommend that the City Council not adopt the proposal; or 3. If the Planning Commission is unable to take either of the actions specified in subsection (E)(1)or(2)of SVMC 19.80.150, the proposal shall be sent to City Council with the notation that the Planning Commission makes no recommendation. F. Approval Criteria. The City may approve amendments to the SVMC if it finds that: 1. The proposed amendment is consistent with the applicable provisions of the Comprehensive Plan; and 18 2. The proposed amendment bears a substantial relation to public health, safety, welfare, and protection of the environment. G. City Council Action. Within 60 days of receipt of the Planning Commission's findings and recommendations, the City Council shall consider the findings and recommendations of the Planning Commission concerning the application and may hold a public hearing pursuant to City Council rules. The Department shall distribute notice of the City Council's public hearing pursuant to SVMC 17.80.120(B). By a majority vote, the City Council shall: 1. Approve the application; 2. Disapprove the application; 3. Modify the application. If modification is substantial, the City Council must either conduct a public hearing on the modified proposal; or 4. Refer the proposal back to the Planning Commission for further consideration. In the event there is a tie or less than a majority vote of the membership of the City Council in favor of one of SVMC 17.80.150(G)(1)-(4), such a vote shall be considered a vote against the motion, the motion shall fail, and no further action shall be required by the City Council, although City Council may take such other action as it deems appropriate. H. Transmittal to the State of Washington. At least 60 days prior to final action being taken by the City Council, the Commerce shall be provided with a copy of the amendments in order to initiate the 60-day comment period. No later than 10 days after adoption of the proposal, a copy of the final decision shall be forwarded to Commerce. 17.80.160 Optional consolidated review process. A. Optional Consolidated Review Process. This optional process provides for the consideration of all discretionary land use, engineering, and environmental permits issued by the City if requested in writing from the applicant. Permit decisions of other agencies are not included in this process; but public meetings and hearings for other agencies may be coordinated with those of the City. Where multiple approvals are required for a single project, the optional consolidated review process is composed of the following: 1. Pre-Application Meeting. A single pre-application meeting will be conducted for all applications submitted under the optional consolidated review process. 2. Determination of Completeness. When a consolidated application is deemed complete, a consolidated determination of completeness will be made pursuant to SVMC 17.80.100. 3. Notice of Application. When a consolidated application is deemed complete, a consolidated notice of application will be issued pursuant to the provisions of SVMC 17.80.110. 4. Comment Period. The consolidated application shall provide for one comment period for all permits included in the consolidated application. 5. The City shall issue a decision(s)for Type I or Type II permits prior to scheduling a public hearing for any companion Type III permit. Appeals of administrative permits that are part of a consolidated application will be heard in a single, consolidated open record appeal hearing before the Hearing Examiner on the same agenda as the companion Type III application. 19 6. Notice of Public Hearing. A single notice of public hearing will be provided for consolidated permit applications. The notice shall include the Type III permit to be heard and any open record appeals of administrative portions of the consolidated application. 7. Notice of Decision. The Hearing Examiner shall issue a single notice of decision regarding all Type I and Type II appeals and all Type III project permit applications subject to a public hearing. 17.80.170 Vesting of applications. A. Purpose. The purpose of SVMC 17.80.170 is to implement local vesting regulations that are best suited to the needs of the City and consistent with state law. B. Vested Rights. Except for rezones, an application for a land use or development application type set forth in Table 17.80-1 shall be considered under the development regulations in effect on the date a fully complete application is filed, pursuant to SVMC 17.80.100. C. Vested Rights for Subsequent Building Permits or Land Disturbing Activity Permits. Building permit or land disturbing activity permit applications that are filed subsequent to and related to a prior development permit or application of the type listed in SVMC 17.80.170(C)(1-14), shall be considered under the development regulations in effect at the time a complete application listed in SVMC 17.80.170(C)(1-14) is filed pursuant to SVMC 17.80.100. 1. Accessory dwelling unit; 2. Boundary line adjustment or elimination; 3. Floodplain development; 4. Site plan; 5. Binding site plan; 6. Shoreline substantial development permit; 7. Shoreline conditional use permit; 8. Shoreline nonconforming use or structure review; 9. Shoreline variance; 10. Shoreline letter of exemption; 11. Short subdivision; 12. Conditional use permit; 13. Planned residential development; and 14. Subdivision. However, an applicant filing a complete application for any subsequent building permit or land- disturbing activity permit application shall only have such rights as described herein if it is submitted prior to the expiration date of the permit(s)or approval(s)applied for in the application types listed in SVMC 17.80.170(C)(1-14). 20 D. Development Regulations. For the purpose of SVMC 17.80.170, "development regulation" means those provisions of Titles 17 through 22 SVMC that exercise a restraining or directing influence over land, including provisions that control or affect the type, degree, or physical attributes of land development or use. For purposes of SVMC 17.80.170, "development regulation" does not include fees or procedural regulations. E. Applicability of Current Building Code. A complete building permit application shall always be subject to that version of Title 24 SVMC in effect at the time the building permit application is submitted. F. Rezones Not Acquiring Vested Rights. Notwithstanding any other provision in SVMC 17.80.170, any application dependent on approval of a rezone application shall not acquire vested rights to any particular development regulations until the underlying rezone is approved. At that time, the application dependent on approval of a rezone shall be considered under the development regulations in effect at the time the underlying rezone is approved. G. Waiver of Vested Rights. At any time during the processing of an application, an applicant may voluntarily opt to have all applications for a project be governed by development regulations in effect on a date later than the date provided pursuant to SVMC 17.80.170(B)-(F). The applicant may exercise that option by delivering a written and signed waiver to the Department stating that the property owner agrees: 1. To waive all rights provided pursuant to SVMC 17.80.170(B)-(F) and any related vested rights claim they may have with the application; 2. To have all applications for the project be governed by all development regulations in effect on the date of delivery of the waiver, subject to the limitations set forth in SVMC 17.80.170(B)-(F); 3. That any change or modification to the project required or desired pursuant to new development regulations may result in a new determination of whether the application is still fully complete based upon the changes. In the event the application or project is changed such that it is no longer fully complete, the applicant shall provide such information as is required to render the modified application fully complete and the applicant shall agree to reset the time period for permit review and processing to the date the modified application is determined to be fully complete; and 4. That any change or modification to the project may require additional review and processing, revised public notice, and additional public hearings as required pursuant to chapter 17.80 SVMC. In the event an applicant delivers a written and signed waiver meeting the requirements of SVMC 17.80.170(G)(1)-(4), the application shall be considered under the development regulations in effect on the date of delivery of the waiver or, if necessary, the new date a modified application is determined fully complete, and any other subsequent building permit or land disturbing activity permit applications subject to SVMC 17.80.170(C)shall be considered under the development regulations in effect on the date of delivery of the waiver, or if necessary, the new date a modified application is determined fully complete. Chapter 17.90 APPEALS Sections: 17.90.010 General. 17.90.020 Effective date of final decisions. 21 17.90.030 Standing. 17.90.040 Time for and contents of an appeal to the Hearing Examiner. 17.90.050 Appeal review process for Hearing Examiner. 17.90.060 Hearing Examiner appeal hearing procedures. 17.90.070 Time for and contents of an appeal to the City Council. 17.90.080 Appeal review process for City Council. 17.90.090 City Council appeal hearing procedures. 17.90.010 General. A. Appeals and Jurisdiction. All final decisions shall be appealed to the authority set forth in SVMC Table 17.90-1. Specific procedures followed by the Planning Commission, Hearing Examiner, and City Council are set forth in Appendix B. Table 17.90-1 —Decision/Appeal Authority Land Use and Development Decisions Appeal Authority Type I and II decisions Hearing Examiner(SVMC 17.90.040); further appeal to superior court(chapter 36.70C RCW) Building permits Hearing Examiner(SVMC 17.90.040); further appeal to superior court (chapter 36.70C RCW) Type III decisions except Zoning Map amendments Superior court (chapter 36.70C RCW) Type III Zoning Map amendments City Council (SVMC 17.90.070); further appeal to superior court (chapter 36.70C RCW) Type IV decisions Superior court Matters subject to review pursuant to RCW 36.70A.020 Growth Management Hearing Board Shoreline substantial development permits, shoreline Shoreline Hearings Board (RCW 90.58.180) conditional use permits, and shoreline variances Compliance and enforcement decisions (chapter 17.100 Hearing Examiner(SVMC 17.90.040); further appeal SVMC) to superior court (chapter 36.70C RCW) 17.90.020 Effective date of final decisions. A. Type I final decisions and building permits become effective on the day after the appeal period expires unless an appeal is filed, in which case the procedures of chapter 17.90 SVMC shall apply. The applicant and owner have the right to waive their appeal rights, and in such cases where a waiver is submitted in writing to the Department, the Type I decision is considered final on the day it is signed by the Director or designee or on the day the waiver is approved, whichever is later, unless a party other than the applicant owner has standing to appeal. B. Type II, III, and IV final decisions become effective on the day after the appeal period expires, unless an appeal is filed, in which case the procedures of chapter 17.90 SVMC shall apply. 17.90.030 Standing. A. Type I Decision. The following parties have standing to appeal a Type I decision: 1. The applicant and the owner of the property to whom the decision is directed; and 2. The adjacent property owners whose interests are a required part of the application approval. 22 B. Type II Decision. The following parties have standing to appeal a Type II decision: 1. The applicant and owner of the property to whom the decision is directed; 2. Any party for whom written notice is required; and 3. Any other party who participates in the decision process through the submittal of substantive written comments. C. Type III Decision. The following parties have standing to appeal a Type III decision: 1. The applicant and the owner of the property to whom the decision is directed; 2. Any other person aggrieved or adversely affected by the decision, or who would be aggrieved or adversely affected by a reversal or modification of the decision. A person is aggrieved or adversely affected within the meaning of these rules only when all of the following conditions are present: a. The decision has prejudiced or is likely to prejudice that person; b. That person's asserted interests are among those that the Hearing Examiner was required to consider when the decision was made; c. A reversal or modification of the decision in favor of that person would substantially eliminate or redress the prejudice to that person caused or likely to be caused by the decision; and d. The appellant has exhausted his or her administrative remedies by being a party of record to the decision below. A"party of record" means a person who appeared at the public hearing held by the Hearing Examiner, or who submitted substantive written comments in the matter prior to the closing of the record for the hearing. 3. The Director. D. Type IV Decisions. Type IV decisions are legislative decisions and may be appealed to the Growth Management Hearings Board or a court of competent jurisdiction as allowed by law. E. Compliance and Enforcement Decisions. The following parties have standing to appeal a compliance and enforcement decision: 1. The party or owner of property subject to an appeal; and 2. The complainant if a written request is made to be notified of the City's response to the complaint filed by the complainant. 17.90.040 Time for and contents of an appeal to the Hearing Examiner. A. Appeal to Hearing Examiner. Any appeal to the Hearing Examiner shall be received no later than 14 calendar days after written notice of the decision is mailed. Receipt of a complete appeal submittal shall stay the original decision until a final decision on the appeal has been reached. The appeal shall include: 1. The case number designated by the City and the name of the applicant; 23 2. The name and signature of each petitioner or their authorized representative and a statement showing that each petitioner has standing to file the appeal under chapter 17.90 SVMC. If multiple parties file a single petition for review, the petition shall designate one party as the contact representative; 3. The specific decision and specific portions of the decision or determination being appealed, and the specific reasons why each aspect is in error as a matter of fact or law; 4. Evidence that the specific issues raised on appeal were raised during the period in which the record was open; 5. The appeal fee as identified in chapter 17.110 SVMC, Fees and Penalties. The fee may be refunded, either wholly or partially, only if the appellant requests withdrawal of the appeal in writing at least 14 calendar days before the scheduled appeal hearing date; 6. A person responsible for a Code compliance/enforcement violation who successfully appeals the City's administrative determination of a violation shall be refunded the appeal fee within 45 days. 17.90.050 Appeal review process for Hearing Examiner. A. Appeal Review Process. 1. All complete appeals submitted and allowed pursuant to these rules shall be scheduled for review at a public hearing before the Hearing Examiner within 90 calendar days from the date of submission. Further extensions are permitted upon mutual agreement of the appellant, the applicant, and the Department. 2. Notice of the appeal hearing shall be mailed to the applicant and the appellant, if different than the applicant. 17.90.060 Hearing Examiner appeal hearing procedures. A. Hearing Procedures. All appeals to the Hearing Examiner shall be conducted in the manner set forth in Appendix B. B. Scheduling of Hearings. 1. The Department, in coordination with the Hearing Examiner, shall prepare an official agenda indicating the dates and times that matters will be heard. The official agenda shall comply with all time limits set forth in RCW 36.70B.110. 2. When practical, minor applications, such as a variance or matters that take less time, shall be heard at the beginning of the day's agenda. 3. The Hearing Examiner may consolidate applications involving the same or related properties for hearing. C. Notice of Hearing — Effect of Notice. 1. Each public notice required for the hearing of an application shall conform to applicable statutory and ordinance requirements. The notice should contain a statement that the hearing will be conducted in the manner set forth in Appendix B. 2. Failure of a person entitled to receive notice does not affect the jurisdiction of the Hearing Examiner to hear the application when scheduled and render a decision, if the notice was properly mailed and posted. 24 3. A person is deemed to have received notice if the person appears at the hearing, or submits written comments on the merits of the application, and the person fails to object to the lack of notice promptly after the person obtains actual knowledge of the hearing date. 4. If required notice is not given and actual notice is not received, the Hearing Examiner may reschedule the hearing or keep the record open on the matter to receive additional evidence. D. Staff Reports on Applications. 1. The Department shall coordinate and assemble the comments and recommendations of other City departments and commenting agencies, and shall make a written staff report to the Hearing Examiner on all applications. 2. At least seven calendar days prior to the date of the scheduled public hearing, the staff report shall be filed with the office of the Hearing Examiner and mailed by first class mail or provided to the applicant. At such time, the Department shall also make the report available for public inspection. Upon request, the Department shall provide or mail a copy of the report to any requesting person for the cost of reproduction and mailing. 3. If the staff report is not timely filed or furnished, the Hearing Examiner may at his/her discretion continue the hearing, considering the prejudice to any party and the circumstances of the case. 4. The Hearing Examiner may make recommendations to the Department on the format and content of staff reports submitted to the Hearing Examiner. E. Site Inspections. 1. The Hearing Examiner may make site inspections, which may occur at any time after the staff report on an application has been filed with the Hearing Examiner and before the Hearing Examiner renders a final decision. The Hearing Examiner need not give notice of the intention to make an inspection. 2. The inspection and the information obtained from it shall not be construed as new evidence or evidence outside the record. If an inspection reveals new and unanticipated information, the Hearing Examiner may, upon notice to all parties of record, request written response to such information or reopen the hearing to consider the information. 17.90.070 Time for and contents of an appeal to the City Council. All appeals to the City Council shall be closed-record appeals and shall follow the procedures and conduct as set forth below: A. Appeals of the Hearing Examiner's decision to the City Council must be: 1. Filed with the City Clerk within 14 calendar days from the date the final decision of the Hearing Examiner was mailed; 2. Accompanied by the appeal fee identified by chapter 17.110 SVMC, Fees and Penalties; 3. Accompanied by the separate transcript/record deposit fee identified by chapter 17.110 SVMC, Fees and Penalties; and 25 4. Submitted on a form obtained from the City Clerk. B. The appeal form submitted by the appellant shall contain the following information: 1. The file number and a copy of the decision; 2. The name and mailing address of the appellant; the name and mailing address of the appellant's attorney, if any; and the name of the applicant, if different than the appellant; 3. Facts demonstrating that the appellant has standing to appeal; 4. A separate and concise statement of each error alleged to have been committed; 5. A separate and concise statement of facts upon which the appellant relies to sustain the statement of error; and 6. A request for relief, specifying the type and extent of relief requested. C. Upon receipt of the written appeal form and payment of the appeal fee, the City Clerk shall forward a copy of the appeal and the transcript/record deposit fee to the Hearing Examiner. D. The appeal shall be dismissed by the City Council if: 1. It is filed by a person without standing to appeal; 2. The City Council does not have jurisdiction to hear the appeal; 3. It is not timely filed; 4. The appeal fee or the transcript/record deposit fee was not timely paid; 5. The appellant failed to timely pay the costs incurred by the Hearing Examiner in preparing the verbatim transcript and certified record, after being billed for such costs; or 6. It is not filed in accordance with the procedures set forth in these rules. All motions to dismiss a defective appeal shall be filed within 15 calendar days from the filing date of the appeal, except for a dismissal under subsection (D)(5)of SVMC 17.90.070. The City Council may dismiss an appeal under subsection (D)(5)of SVMC 17.90.070, upon receiving written notification from the Hearing Examiner that the appellant failed to timely pay the costs incurred by the Hearing Examiner for the appeal after being billed for such costs. E. The Hearing Examiner shall have 30 calendar days from the filing date of the appeal to prepare a verbatim transcript of the hearing before the Hearing Examiner and a certified copy of the documents in the record, and to bill the appellant for the costs incurred. The City Council may authorize a longer time, at the Hearing Examiner's request, for unusually large records or transcripts. 1. If the Hearing Examiner, the appellant, and the applicant(if different than the appellant), agree, or upon order of the City Council, the verbatim transcript and/or record may be shortened or summarized to avoid reproduction or transcription of portions of the record that are duplicative or irrelevant to the issues raised by the appeal. 2. Upon completion of the transcript and record, the Hearing Examiner shall bill the appellant for all costs incurred by the Hearing Examiner in preparing the verbatim transcript and certified record. The appellant shall pay the balance above and beyond 26 the deposit fee within seven calendar days from the date the bill was mailed or provided to the appellant. 3. Upon the appellant's payment of the bill for the cost of the transcript and record, the Hearing Examiner shall, by the next business day, deliver a copy of the appeal, verbatim transcript, and certified record to the City Clerk. The Hearing Examiner shall also provide to the City Clerk a list of the names and mailing addresses of the applicant and the parties of record to the hearing before the Hearing Examiner. 4. The City Clerk shall furnish copies of the transcript and record to the applicant, if different than the appellant, all members of the City Council, and the city attorney. The Hearing Examiner, upon request, will furnish copies of the transcript and record to the appellant, the applicant (if different than the appellant), and other entities that may request one at the cost of reproduction. 5. If the City Council dismisses the appeal on procedural grounds, the appellant shall reimburse the Hearing Examiner for the balance of the costs incurred by the Hearing Examiner in preparing the transcript and record as of the date of the dismissal, if any. 17.90.080 Appeal review process for City Council. The City Council, at its next regular meeting following receipt of the transcript and record from the Hearing Examiner, shall schedule a closed-record hearing on the appeal. A. The City Council shall schedule the appeal hearing no sooner than 30 calendar days from the date the transcript and record were received from the Hearing Examiner. B. The City Council may approve a later hearing date upon agreement of the applicant. C. The appellant, or a party of record in opposition to the appeal, may provide input as to the hearing date only in person at the meeting, or by submitting a letter to the City Clerk prior to the meeting. D. The City Clerk shall mail notice of the time, place, and date of the hearing to the appellant, the applicant (if different than the appellant), and all parties of record to the hearing before the Hearing Examiner within five calendar days from the date the appeal hearing was scheduled. E. Closed-record appeals before the City Council shall be concluded within 60 days from the date the transcript and record are received by the City Clerk, unless the applicant agrees in writing to a longer period. 17.90.090 City Council appeal hearing procedures. All appeals to the City Council shall be conducted in the manner set forth in Appendix C. Chapter 17.100 COMPLIANCE AND ENFORCEMENT Sections: 17.100.010 Purpose and scope. 17.100.020 Relationship to Growth Management Act. 17.100.030 Enforcement, authority, and administration. 17.100.040 Repealed. 17.100.050 Procedures when probable violation is identified. 17.100.060 Service— Notice and order and stop work order. 17.100.070 Training and rulemaking. 17.100.080 Obligations of persons responsible for Code violation. 27 17.100.090 Determination of compliance. 17.100.100 Voluntary compliance agreement—Authority. 17.100.110 Voluntary compliance agreement—Contents. 17.100.120 Failure to meet terms of voluntary compliance agreement. 17.100.130 Notice and order—Authority. 17.100.140 Notice and order— Effect. 17.100.150 Notice and order—Contents. 17.100.160 Notice and order—Supplementation, revocation, modification. 17.100.170 Notice and order—Administrative conference. 17.100.180 Notice and order— Remedies—Suspension, revocation, or limitation of permit. 17.100.190 Notice and order— Remedies— Denial of permit. 17.100.200 Notice and order— Remedies —Abatement. 17.100.210 Stop work order—Authority. 17.100.220 Stop work order— Effect. 17.100.230 Stop work order— Remedy—Civil penalties. 17.100.240 Stop work order— Remedy—Criminal penalties. 17.100.250 Civil penalties—Assessment schedule. 17.100.260 Civil penalties— Duty to comply. 17.100.270 Civil penalties—Community service. 17.100.280 Civil penalties—Waivers. 17.100.290 Civil penalties—Critical areas. 17.100.300 Cost recovery. 17.100.310 Collection of civil penalties, fees, and costs. 17.100.320 Abatement. 17.100.330 Code compliance abatement fund —Authorized. 17.100.340 Judicial enforcement— Petition for enforcement. 17.100.010 Purpose and scope. Chapter 17.100 SVMC sets forth the enforcement procedures for violations of the following: A. Nuisances (chapter 7.05 SVMC); and B. Violations of any provisions of SVMC Titles 17 through 24. 17.100.020 Relationship to Growth Management Act. Chapter 17.100 SVMC is adopted as development regulations pursuant to chapter 36.70A RCW (GMA). 17.100.030 Enforcement, authority, and administration. A. In order to discourage public nuisances and otherwise promote compliance with applicable Code provisions, the City may, in response to field observations, determine that violations of Titles 17 through 22 SVMC and Title 24 SVMC, have occurred or are occurring, and may: 1. Enter into voluntary compliance agreements with persons responsible for Code violations; 2. Issue notice and orders, assess civil penalties, and recover costs as authorized by chapter 17.100 SVMC; 3. Require abatement by means of a judicial abatement order, and if such abatement is not timely completed by the person or persons responsible for a Code violation, undertake the abatement and charge the reasonable costs of such work as authorized by chapter 17.100 SVMC; 28 4. Allow a person responsible for the Code violation to perform community service in lieu of paying civil penalties as authorized by chapter 17.100 SVMC; 5. Order work stopped at a site by means of a stop work order, and if such order is not complied with, assesses civil penalties as authorized by chapter 17.100 SVMC; 6. Suspend, revoke, or modify any permit previously issued by the City or deny a permit application as authorized by chapter 17.100 SVMC when other efforts to achieve compliance have failed; and 7. Forward a written statement providing all relevant information relating to the violation to the office of the city attorney with a recommendation to prosecute willful and knowing violations as misdemeanor offenses. B. The procedures set forth in chapter 17.100 SVMC are not exclusive. These procedures shall not in any manner limit or restrict the City from remedying or abating violations of Titles 17 through 24 SVMC and chapter 7.05 SVMC in any other manner authorized by law. C. In addition to, or as an alternative to, utilizing the procedures set forth in chapter 17.100 SVMC, the City may seek legal or equitable relief to abate any conditions or enjoin any acts or practices which constitute a Code violation. D. In addition to, or as an alternative to, utilizing the procedures set forth in chapter 17.100 SVMC, the City may assess or recover civil penalties accruing under chapter 17.100 SVMC by legal action filed in Spokane County district court or superior court by the office of the city attorney. E. The provisions of chapter 17.100 SVMC shall in no way adversely affect the rights of the owner, lessee, or occupant of any property to recover all costs and expenses incurred and required by chapter 17.100 SVMC from any person causing such violation. F. In administering the provisions for Code compliance, the City shall have the authority to waive any one or more such provisions so as to avoid substantial injustice. Any determination of substantial injustice shall be made in writing supported by appropriate facts. For purposes of SVMC 17.100.030, substantial injustice cannot be based exclusively on financial hardship. G. The City may, upon presentation of proper credentials, with the consent of the owner or occupier of a building or premises, or pursuant to a lawfully issued court order, enter at reasonable times any building or premises subject to the consent or court order to perform the duties imposed by the SVMC. It is the intent of the City Council that any entry made to private property for the purpose of inspection for Code violations be accomplished in strict conformity with constitutional and statutory constraints on entry, and the holdings of the relevant court cases regarding entry. The right of entry authorized by chapter 17.100 SVMC shall not supersede those legal constraints. H. The City may request that the police, appropriate fire district, Spokane Regional Health District, or other appropriate City department or other non-city agency assist in enforcement. 17.100.040 Guidelines for Departmental responses to complaints. Repealed by Ord. 12-027. 17.100.050 Procedures when probable violation is identified. A. The City shall determine, based upon information derived from sources such as field observations, the statements of witnesses, relevant documents, and data systems for tracking violations and applicable City Codes and regulations, whether or not a violation has occurred. As 29 soon as the City has reasonable cause to determine that a violation has occurred, the violation shall be documented and the person responsible for the Code violations promptly notified. B. Except as provided in subsection C of SVMC 17.100.050, a warning shall be issued verbally or in writing promptly when a field inspection reveals a violation, or as soon as the City otherwise determines a violation has occurred. The warning shall inform the person determined to be responsible for a Code violation of the violation and allow the person an opportunity to correct it or enter into a voluntary compliance agreement as provided for by chapter 17.100 SVMC. Verbal warnings shall be logged and followed up with a written warning within five days, and the site shall be reinspected within 14 days. C. No warning need be issued in emergencies, repeat violation cases, cases that are already subject to a voluntary compliance agreement, cases where the violation creates or has created a situation or condition that is not likely to be corrected within 72 hours, cases where a stop work order is necessary, or when the person responsible for the Code violation knows, or reasonably should have known, that the action was a Code violation. D. Notice and orders should be issued in all cases in which a voluntary compliance agreement has not been entered. E. The City shall use all reasonable means to determine and proceed against the person(s)actually responsible for the Code violation occurring when the property owner has not directly or indirectly caused the violation. F. If the violation is not corrected, or a voluntary compliance agreement is not entered into within 30 days of notification by the City, a notice and order or stop work order should be issued. Stop work orders should be issued promptly upon discovery of a violation in progress. 17.100.060 Service— Notice and order and stop work order. A. Service of a notice and order shall be made on a person responsible for Code violation by one or more of the following methods: 1. Personal service of a notice and order may be made on the person identified by the City as being responsible for the Code violation, or by leaving a copy of the notice and order at the person's house of usual abode with a person of suitable age and discretion who resides there; 2. Service directed to the landowner and/or occupant of the property may be made by posting the notice and order in a conspicuous place on the property where the violation occurred and concurrently mailing notice as provided for below, if a mailing address is available; or 3. Service by mail may be made for a notice and order by mailing one copy, postage prepaid, by ordinary first class mail to the person responsible for the Code violation at his or her last known address, at the address of the violation, or at the address of the place of business of the person responsible for the Code violation. The taxpayer's address as shown on the tax records of Spokane County shall be deemed to be the proper address for the purpose of mailing such notice to the landowner of the property where the violation occurred. Service by mail shall be presumed effective upon the third business day following the day upon which the notice and order was placed in the mail. B. For notice and orders only, when the address of the person responsible for the Code violation cannot be reasonably determined, service may be made by publication once a week for two consecutive weeks in an appropriate regional or neighborhood newspaper or trade journal. Service by publication shall be deemed complete at the expiration of the time prescribed for 30 publication. A notice and order served by publication shall be signed by a Code compliance officer, shall include the dates of the publication, and shall contain a brief statement of the nature of the action and how it can be remedied. C. Service of a stop work order on a person responsible for a Code violation may be made by posting the stop work order in a conspicuous place on the property where the violation occurred or by serving the stop work order in any other manner permitted by chapter 17.100 SVMC. D. The failure of the City to make or attempt service on any person named in the notice of violation, notice and order, or stop work order shall not invalidate any proceedings as to any other person duly served. 17.100.070 Training and rulemaking. The City shall adopt procedures to implement the provisions of chapter 17.100 SVMC, and specifically the guidelines set out in chapter 17.100 SVMC describing reasonable and appropriate protocols for investigating Code violations. 17.100.080 Obligations of persons responsible for Code violation. A. It shall be the responsibility of any person identified as responsible for a Code violation to bring the property into a safe and reasonable condition to achieve Code compliance. Payment of civil penalties, applications for permits, acknowledgement of stop work orders, and compliance with other remedies do not substitute for performing the corrective work required and having the property brought into compliance to the extent reasonably possible under the circumstances. B. Persons determined to be responsible for a Code violation pursuant to a notice and order shall be liable for the payment of any civil penalties and abatement costs. 17.100.090 Determination of compliance. After issuance of a warning, voluntary compliance agreement, notice and order, or stop work order, and after the person(s) responsible for a violation has come into compliance, the City shall issue a written determination of compliance. The City shall mail copies of the determination of compliance to each person originally named in the warning, voluntary compliance agreement, notice and order, or stop work order. 17.100.100 Voluntary compliance agreement—Authority. A. Whenever the City determines that a Code violation has occurred or is occurring, the City shall make reasonable efforts to secure voluntary compliance from the person responsible for the Code violation. Upon contacting the person responsible for the Code violation, the City may enter into a voluntary compliance agreement as provided for in chapter 17.100 SVMC. B. A voluntary compliance agreement may be entered into at any time after issuance of a verbal or written warning, a notice and order, or a stop work order and before an appeal is decided. C. Upon entering into a voluntary compliance agreement, a person responsible for a Code violation waives the right to administratively appeal, and thereby admits that the conditions described in the voluntary compliance agreement existed and constituted a Code violation. D. The voluntary compliance agreement shall incorporate the shortest reasonable time period for compliance, as determined by the City. An extension of the time limit for compliance or a modification of the required corrective action may be granted by the City if the person responsible for the Code violation has shown due diligence or substantial progress in correcting the violation, but circumstances render full and timely compliance under the original conditions unattainable. Any such extension or modification must be in writing and signed by the authorized representative of the City and person(s)who signed the original voluntary compliance agreement. 31 E. The voluntary compliance agreement is not a settlement agreement. 17.100.110 Voluntary compliance agreement—Contents. The voluntary compliance agreement is a written, signed commitment by the person(s) responsible for a Code violation in which such person(s) agrees to abate the violation, remediate the site, and/or mitigate the impacts of the violation. The voluntary compliance agreement shall include the following: A. The name and address of the person responsible for the Code violation; B. The address or other identification of the location of the violation; C. A description of the violation and a reference to the provision(s) of the ordinance, resolution, or regulation which has been violated; D. A description of the necessary corrective action to be taken and identification of the date or time by which compliance must be completed; E. The amount of the civil penalty that will be imposed if the voluntary compliance agreement is not satisfied; F. An acknowledgement that if the City determines that the terms of the voluntary compliance agreement are not met, the City may, without issuing a notice and order or stop work order, impose any remedy authorized by chapter 17.100 SVMC, enter the real property and perform abatement of the violation by the City, assess the costs incurred by the City to pursue Code compliance and to abate the violation, including reasonable legal fees and costs, and the suspension, revocation, or limitation of a development permit obtained or to be sought by the person responsible for the Code violation; G. An acknowledgement that if a penalty is assessed, and if any assessed penalty, fee or cost is not paid, the City may charge the unpaid amount as a lien against the property where the Code violation occurred if owned by the person responsible for the Code violation, and that the unpaid amount may be a joint and several personal obligation of all persons responsible for the violation; H. An acknowledgement that by entering into the voluntary compliance agreement, the person responsible for the Code violation thereby admits that the conditions described in the voluntary compliance agreement existed and constituted a Code violation; and An acknowledgement that the person responsible for the Code violation understands that he or she has the right to be served with a notice and order, or stop work order for any violation identified in the voluntary compliance agreement, has the right to administratively appeal any such notice and order or stop work order, and that he or she is knowingly and intelligently waiving those rights. 17.100.120 Failure to meet terms of voluntary compliance agreement. A. If the terms of the voluntary compliance agreement are not completely met, and an extension of time has not been granted, the person responsible for the violation may, without being issued a notice and order or stop work order, be assessed a civil penalty as set forth by chapter 17.100 SVMC, plus all costs incurred by the City to pursue Code compliance and to abate the violation, and may be subject to other remedies authorized by chapter 17.100 SVMC. Penalties imposed when a voluntary compliance agreement is not met accrue from the date that an appeal of any preceding notice and order or stop work order was to have been filed or from the date the voluntary compliance agreement was entered into if there was not a preceding notice and order or stop work order. 32 B. The City may issue a notice and order or stop work order for failure to meet the terms of a voluntary compliance agreement. 17.100.130 Notice and order—Authority. When the City has reason to believe, based on investigation of documents and/or physical evidence, that a Code violation exists or has occurred, or that the terms of a voluntary compliance agreement have not been met, the City is authorized to issue a notice and order to any person responsible for a Code violation. The City shall make a determination whether or not to issue a notice and order within 30 days of determining that a violation exists, or within 10 days of the end of a voluntary compliance agreement time period which has not been met. 17.100.140 Notice and order— Effect. A. A notice and order represents a determination that a violation has occurred, that the party to whom the notice is issued is a person responsible for a Code violation, and that the violations set out in the notice and order require the assessment of penalties and other remedies that may be specified in the notice and order. B. The City is authorized to impose civil penalties upon a determination by the City that a violation has occurred pursuant to a notice and order. C. Issuance of a notice and order in no way limits the City's authority to issue a stop work order to a person previously cited through the notice and order process pursuant to chapter 17.100 SVMC. 17.100.150 Notice and order—Contents. The notice and order shall contain the following information: A. The address, when available, or location of the violation; B. A legal description of the real property or the Spokane County tax parcel number where the violation occurred or is located, or a description identifying the property by commonly used locators; C. A statement that the City has found the named person(s) responsible for a violation and a brief description of the violation(s) found; D. A statement of the specific provisions of the ordinance, resolution, regulation, public rule, permit condition, notice and order provision, or stop work order that was or is being violated; E. A statement that a civil penalty is being assessed, including the dollar amount of the civil penalties, and that any assessed penalties must be paid within 14 days of service of the notice and order; F. A statement advising that any costs of enforcement incurred by the City shall also be assessed against the person to whom the notice and order is directed; G. A statement that payment of the civil penalties assessed under chapter 17.100 SVMC does not relieve a person found to be responsible for a Code violation of his or her duty to correct the violation and/or to pay any and all civil penalties or other cost assessments issued pursuant to chapter 17.100 SVMC; H. A statement of the corrective or abatement action required to be taken and that all required permits to perform the corrective action must be obtained from the proper issuing agency; 33 I. A statement advising that, if any required work is not commenced or completed within the time specified by the notice and order, the City may proceed to seek a judicial abatement order from Spokane County superior court to abate the violation; J. A statement advising that, if any assessed penalty, fee, or cost is not paid on or before the due date, the City may charge the unpaid amount as a lien against the property where the Code violation occurred if owned by a person responsible for a violation, and as a joint and several personal obligation of all persons responsible for a Code violation; K. A statement advising that any person named in the notice and order, or having any record or equitable title in the property against which the notice and order is recorded, may appeal from the notice and order to the Hearing Examiner within 14 days of the date of service of the notice and order; L. A statement advising that a failure to correct the violations cited in the notice and order could lead to the denial of subsequent Spokane Valley permit applications on the subject property; M. A statement advising that a failure to appeal the notice and order within the applicable time limits renders the notice and order a final determination that the conditions described in the notice and order existed and constituted a violation, and that the named party is liable as a person responsible for a violation; N. A statement advising the person responsible for a Code violation of his/her duty to notify the City of any actions taken to achieve compliance with the notice and order; and 0. A statement advising that failure to comply with the notice and order may be referred to the office of the city attorney for appropriate legal action. 17.100.160 Notice and order—Supplementation, revocation, modification. A. The City may add to, revoke, in whole or in part, or otherwise modify a notice and order by issuing a written supplemental notice and order. The supplemental notice and order shall be governed by the same procedures and time limits applicable to all notice and orders contained in chapter 17.100 SVMC. B. The City may issue a supplemental notice and order, or revoke a notice and order issued under chapter 17.100 SVMC: 1. If the original notice and order was issued in error; 2. Whenever there is new information or change of circumstances; or 3. If a party to an order was incorrectly named. 17.100.170 Notice and order—Administrative conference. An informal administrative conference may be conducted by the City at any time for the purpose of facilitating communication among concerned persons and providing a forum for efficient resolution of any violation. Interested parties shall not unreasonably be excluded from such conferences. 17.100.180 Notice and order— Remedies —Suspension, revocation, or limitation of permit. A. The City may suspend, revoke, or modify any permit issued by the City whenever: 1. The permit holder has committed a violation in the course of performing activities subject to that permit; 34 2. The permit holder has interfered with the authorized representatives of the City in the performance of his or her duties related to that permit; 3. The permit was issued in error or on the basis of materially incorrect information supplied to the City; 4. Permit fees or costs were paid to the City by check and returned from a financial institution marked nonsufficient funds (NSF)or canceled; or 5. There is a permit or approval that is subject to sensitive area review, and the applicant has failed to disclose a change of circumstances on the development proposal site which materially affects an applicant's ability to meet the permit or approval conditions, or which makes inaccurate the sensitive area study that was the basis for establishing permit or approval conditions. B. Such suspension, revocation, or modification shall be carried out through the notice and order provisions of chapter 17.100 SVMC and shall be effective upon the compliance date established by the notice and order. Such suspension, revocation, or modification may be appealed to the Hearing Examiner using the appeal provisions of chapter 17.100 SVMC. C. Notwithstanding any other provision of chapter 17.100 SVMC, the City may immediately suspend operations under any permit by issuing a stop work order. 17.100.190 Notice and order— Remedies — Denial of permit. A. The City may deny a permit when, with regard to the site or project for which the permit is submitted: 1. Any person owning the property or submitting the development proposal has been found in violation of any ordinance, resolution, regulation, or public rule of the City that regulates or protects the public health, safety, and welfare, or the use and development of land and water; and/or 2. Any person owning the property or submitting the development proposal has been found in violation and remains in violation of the conditions of any permit, notice and order, or stop work order issued pursuant to any such ordinance, resolution, regulation, or public rule. B. In order to further the remedial purposes of chapter 17.100 SVMC, such denial may continue until the violation is cured by restoration, accepted as complete by the City, and by payment of any civil penalty imposed for the violation, except that permits or approvals shall be granted to the extent necessary to accomplish any required restoration or cure. 17.100.200 Notice and order— Remedies —Abatement. In addition to, or as an alternative to, any other judicial or administrative remedy, the City may use the notice and order provisions of chapter 17.100 SVMC to order any person responsible for a Code violation to abate the violation and to complete the work at such time and under such conditions as the City determines reasonable under the circumstances. If the required corrective work is not commenced or completed within the time specified, the City may seek a judicial abatement order pursuant to chapter 17.100 SVMC. 17.100.210 Stop work order—Authority. The City is authorized to issue a stop work order to a person responsible for a Code violation. Issuance of a notice and order is not a condition precedent to the issuance of the stop work order. 35 17.100.220 Stop work order— Effect. A. A stop work order represents a determination that a Code violation has occurred or is occurring, and that any work or activity that caused, is causing or contributing to the violation on the property where the violation has occurred, or is occurring, must cease. B. A stop work order requires the immediate cessation of the specified work or activity on the named property. Work activity may not resume unless specifically authorized in writing by the City. C. A stop work order may be appealed according to the procedures prescribed in chapter 17.100 SVMC. D. Failure to appeal the stop work order within 20 days renders the stop work order a final determination that the civil Code violation occurred and that work was properly ordered to cease. E. A stop work order may be enforced by the City police. 17.100.230 Stop work order— Remedy— Civil penalties. A. In addition to any other judicial or administrative remedy, the City may assess civil penalties for the violation of any stop work order according to the civil penalty schedule established in SVMC 17.100.250. B. Civil penalties for the violation of any stop work order shall begin to accrue on the first day the stop work order is violated and shall cease accruing on the day the work is actually stopped. C. Violation of a stop work order shall be a separate violation from any other Code violation. 17.100.240 Stop work order— Remedy— Criminal penalties. In addition to any other judicial or administrative remedy, the City may forward to the office of the city attorney a detailed factual background of the alleged violation with a recommendation that a misdemeanor charge be filed against the person(s) responsible for any willful violation of a stop work order. 17.100.250 Civil penalties —Assessment schedule. A. Civil penalties for Code violations shall be imposed for remedial purposes for violations identified in a notice and order or stop work order, pursuant to the following schedule: Notice and orders and stop work orders— basic initial penalty: $500.00. B. Additional penalties shall be added where there is: 1. Second violation: $500.00. 2. Each subsequent violation (three or more): $1,000. 3. Economic benefit to person responsible for violation: $5,000. C. Civil penalties shall be paid within 20 days of service of the notice and order or stop work order if not appealed. Payment of the civil penalties assessed under chapter 17.100 SVMC does not relieve a person found to be responsible for a Code violation of his or her duty to correct the violation and/or to pay any and all civil penalties or other cost assessments issued pursuant to chapter 17.100 SVMC. D. The City may suspend civil penalties if the person responsible for a Code violation has entered into and fulfilled all requirements of a voluntary compliance agreement. 36 E. Civil penalties assessed create a joint and several personal obligation in all persons responsible for a Code violation. F. In addition to, or in lieu of, any other state or local provision for the recovery of civil penalties, the City may file for record with the Spokane County auditor to claim a lien against the real property for the civil penalties assessed under chapter 17.100 SVMC if the violation was reasonably related to the real property. Any such lien can be filed under chapter 17.100 SVMC if, after the expiration of 30 days from when a person responsible for a Code violation receives the notice and order or stop work order(excluding any appeal), any civil penalties remain unpaid in whole or in part. 17.100.260 Civil penalties — Duty to comply. Persons responsible for a Code violation have a duty to notify the City in writing of any actions taken to achieve compliance with the notice and order. For purposes of assessing civil penalties, a violation shall be considered ongoing until the person responsible for a Code violation has come into compliance with the notice and order, voluntary compliance agreement, or stop work order, and has provided sufficient evidence of such compliance. 17.100.270 Civil penalties —Community service. The City is authorized to allow a person responsible for a Code violation that accumulates civil penalties as a result of a notice and order, or for failure to comply with the terms of a voluntary compliance agreement, to voluntarily participate in an approved community service project(s) in lieu of paying all or a portion of the assessed civil penalties. Community service may include, but is not limited to, abatement, restoration, or education programs designed to clean up the City. The amount of community service will reasonably relate to the comparable value of penalties assessed against the violator. The rate at which civil penalties are worked off under SVMC 17.100.270 is $10.00 per hour. The City shall take into consideration the severity of the violation, any history of previous violations, and practical and legal impediments in considering whether to allow community service in lieu of paying penalties. 17.100.280 Civil penalties —Waivers. A. Civil penalties may be waived or reimbursed to the payer by the City under the following circumstances: 1. The notice and order or stop work order was issued in error; 2. The civil penalties were assessed in error; 3. New material information warranting waiver has been presented to the City since the notice and order or stop work order was issued; or 4. As appropriate to resolve litigation. B. The City shall state in writing the basis for a decision to waive penalties, and such statement shall become part of the public record unless privileged. 17.100.290 Civil penalties —Critical areas. A. The compliance provisions for critical areas are intended to protect critical areas and the general public from harm to meet the requirements of chapter 36.70A RCW (the GMA), and to further the remedial purposes of chapter 17.10 SVMC. To achieve this, persons responsible for a Code violation will not only be required to restore damaged critical areas, insofar as that is possible and beneficial, but will also be required to pay a civil penalty for the redress of ecological, recreational, and economic values lost or damaged due to their unlawful action. 37 B. The provisions of SVMC 17.100.290 are in addition to, and not in lieu of, any other penalty, sanction, or right of action provided by law for other related violations. C. Where feasible, the owner of the land on which the violation occurred shall be named as a party to the notice and order. In addition to any other persons who may be liable for a violation, and subject to the exceptions provided in chapter 17.100 SVMC, the owner shall be jointly and severally liable for the restoration of a site and payment of any civil penalties imposed. D. Violation of critical area provisions of SVMC means: 1. The violation of any provision of chapter 21.40 SVMC, Critical Areas, or of the administrative rules promulgated thereunder; 2. The failure to obtain a permit required for work in a critical area; or 3. The failure to comply with the conditions of any permit, approval, terms and conditions of any sensitive area tract or setback area, easement, covenant, plat restriction or binding assurance, or any notice and order, stop work order, mitigation plan, contract, or agreement issued or concluded pursuant to the above-mentioned provisions. E. Any person in violation of chapter 21.40 SVMC, Critical Areas, may be subject to civil penalties, costs, and fees as follows: 1. According to the civil penalty schedule under SVMC 17.100.250; provided, that the exact amount of the penalty per violation shall be determined by the City based on the physical extent and severity of the violation; or 2. The greater of: a. An amount determined to be equivalent to the economic benefit that the person responsible for a Code violation derives from the violation, measured as the total of: The resulting increase in market value of the property; ii. The value received by the person responsible for a violation; iii. The savings of construction costs realized by the person responsible for a Code violation as a result of performing any act in violation of chapter 21.40 SVMC, Critical Areas; or b. Code compliance costs incurred by the City to enforce chapter 21.40 SVMC, Critical Areas. 17.100.300 Cost recovery. A. In addition to the other remedies available under chapter 17.100 SVMC, upon issuance of a notice and order or stop work order the City shall charge the costs of pursuing Code compliance and abatement incurred to correct a Code violation to the person responsible for a Code violation. These charges include: 1. Reasonable Legal Fees and Costs. For purposes of SVMC 17.100.300, "reasonable legal fees and costs"shall include, but are not limited to, legal personnel costs, both direct and related, incurred to enforce the provisions of chapter 17.100 SVM as may be allowed by law; 38 2. Administrative Personnel Costs. For purposes of SVMC 17.100.300, "administrative personnel costs" shall include, but are not limited to, administrative employee costs, both direct and related, incurred to enforce the provisions of chapter 17.100 SVMC; 3. Abatement Costs. The City shall keep an itemized account of costs incurred by the City in the abatement of a violation under chapter 17.100 SVMC; and 4. Actual expenses and costs of the City in preparing notices, specifications, and contracts; in accomplishing or contracting and inspecting the work; and the costs of any required printing, mailing, or court filing fees. B. Such costs are due and payable 30 days from mailing of the invoice. C. All costs assessed by the City in pursuing Code compliance and/or abatement create joint and several personal obligations in all persons responsible for a violation. The office of the city attorney, on behalf of the City, may collect the costs of Code compliance efforts by any appropriate legal means. D. In addition to, or in lieu of, any other state or local provision for the recovery of costs, the City may, after abating a violation pursuant to chapter 17.100 SVMC, file for record with the Spokane County auditor to claim a lien against the real property for the assessed costs identified in chapter 17.100 SVMC if the violation was reasonably related to the real property, in accordance with any lien provisions authorized by state law. E. Any lien filed shall be subordinate to all previously existing special assessment liens imposed on the same property and shall be superior to all other liens, except for state and county taxes, with which it shall share priority. The City may cause a claim of lien to be filed for record within 90 days from the later of the date that the monetary penalty is due or the date the work is completed or the nuisance abated. The claim of lien shall contain sufficient information regarding the notice and order, a description of the property to be charged with the lien, the owner of record, and the total of the lien. Any such claim of lien may be amended from time to time to reflect changed conditions. Any such lien shall bind the affected property for the period as provided for by state law. 17.100.310 Collection of civil penalties, fees, and costs. The City may use the services of a collection agency in order to collect any civil penalties, fees, costs, and/or interest owing under chapter 17.100 SVMC. 17.100.320 Abatement. A. Emergency Abatement. Whenever a condition constitutes an immediate threat to the public health, safety, or welfare or to the environment, the City may summarily and without prior notice abate the condition. Notice of such abatement, including the reason for it, shall be given to the person responsible for the violation as soon as reasonably possible after the abatement. B. Judicial Abatement. The City may seek a judicial abatement order from Spokane County superior court to abate a condition which continues to be a violation of SVMC where other methods of remedial action have failed to produce compliance. C. The City shall seek to recover the costs of abatement as authorized by chapter 17.100 SVMC. 17.100.330 Code compliance abatement fund—Authorized. All monies collected from the assessment of civil penalties and for abatement costs and work shall be allocated to support expenditures for abatement, and shall be accounted for through either creation of an account in the fund for such abatement costs, or other appropriate accounting mechanism. 39 17.100.340 Judicial enforcement— Petition for enforcement. A. In addition to any other judicial or administrative remedy, the office of the city attorney, on behalf of the City, may seek enforcement of the City's order by filing a petition for enforcement in Spokane County superior court. B. The petition must name as respondent each person against whom the City seeks to obtain civil enforcement. C. A petition for civil enforcement may request monetary relief, declaratory relief, temporary or permanent injunctive relief, and any other civil remedy provided by law, or any combination of the foregoing. Chapter 17.110 FEES AND PENALTIES Sections: 17.110.010 Master fee schedule. 17.110.010 Master fee schedule. All fees and penalties for development permits, Code interpretations, violations of provisions of Title 17 SVMC or allowed appeals shall be set forth in the City Master Fee Schedule. A copy of this schedule shall be available at the Department. 40 Title 19 ZONING REGULATIONS Chapters: 19.10 Authority 19.20 Establishment of Zoning Districts 19.25 Nonconforming Uses and Structures 19.30 Changes and Amendments 19.40 Residential Development Options 19.50 Planned Residential Developments 19.60 Permitted Uses 19.65 Supplemental Use Regulations 19.70 Density and Dimensions 19.75 Transitional Regulations 19.80 Adult Uses 19.85 Marijuana Uses 19.90 Essential Public Facilities (EPFs) 19.100 Historic Preservation 19.110 Special Overlay Zones 19.120 Repealed 19.130 Site Plan Review 19.140 Administrative Exceptions 19.150 Conditional Use Permits 19.160 Temporary Use Permits 19.170 Variances 19.180 Newly Annexed Areas Chapter 19.10 AUTHORITY Sections: 19.10.010 Adoption authority. 19.10.020 Applicability. 19.10.010 Adoption authority. Title 19 SVMC is established pursuant to Section 11, Article XI of the Constitution of the State of Washington, RCW 35.63.080, chapter 35A.63 RCW, and chapter 36.70A RCW. 1 19.10.020 Applicability. Title 19 SVMC shall govern the occupation, use erection, alteration, removal, demolition, or conversion of any and all buildings, structures, and land located within the corporate limits of the City. Chapter 19.20 ESTABLISHMENT OF ZONING DISTRICTS Sections: 19.20.010 Zoning districts. 19.20.015 Zoning districts purpose. 19.20.020 Zoning district map. 19.20.030 Zoning district boundary considerations. 19.20.010 Zoning districts. The City has established the following zoning districts: Comprehensive Plan Map Symbol Zoning District Land Use Designation Single-Family Residential R-1 Single-Family Residential Estate Single-Family Residential R-2 Single-Family Residential Suburban Single-Family Residential R-3 Single-Family Residential Urban Multifamily Residential MFR Multi-family Residential Mixed Use MU Mixed Use Corridor Mixed Use CMU Corridor Mixed Use Neighborhood Commercial NC Neighborhood Commercial Regional Commercial RC Regional Commercial Industrial I Industrial Industrial Mixed Use IMU Industrial Mixed Use Parks, Recreation, and Open P/OS Parks/Open Space Space 19.20.015 Zoning districts purpose. A. R-1 —Single-Family Residential Estate. Preserves the distinct character of existing single-family large lot development, while allowing for a limited number of large animals. B. R-2—Single-Family Residential Suburban. Preserves existing single-family development patterns, while allowing for development that is similar in size and scale to the surrounding neighborhood. C. R-3 - Single-Family Residential Urban. Allows for single-family residential development at an urban density that provides flexibility and promotes reinvestment in existing single-family neighborhoods. D. MFR— Multifamily Residential. Allows for multifamily housing located near business and commercial centers, the arterial street system, and public transit. Adjacent single-family zones are protected through transitional standards. 2 E. MU - Mixed Use. Allows for two or more different land uses within developments. Mixed-use developments can be either vertical or horizontally mixed, and could include employment uses such as office, retail, and/or lodging along with higher-density residential uses, and in some cases, community or cultural facilities. Adjacent residential zones are protected through transitional standards. F. CMU -Corridor Mixed Use. Allows for light manufacturing, retail, multifamily, and offices along major transportation corridors. Adjacent residential zones are protected through transitional standards. G. NC- Neighborhood Commercial. Allows for small-scale neighborhood retail and office uses while allowing for single-family development. H. RC- Regional Commercial. Allows a broad range of retail, wholesale, service, and other compatible uses, with a wide range of development types. Adjacent residential zones are protected through transitional standards. I — Industrial. Allows all types of industrial development such as manufacturing, processing, fabrication, assembly, disassembly, and freight-handling. Transitional standards protect adjacent non-industrial zones are from industrial uses significant noise, odor, or aesthetic impacts. J. IMU - Industrial Mixed Use. Allows retail, office, light manufacturing, and other light industrial uses such as contractor yards. Transitional standards protect adjacent non-industrial zones are from industrial uses that have significant noise, odor, or aesthetic impacts. K. P/OS— Parks/Open Space. Protects and provides for parks, open space, and other natural physical assets of the community. 19.20.020 Zoning district map. The boundaries of the zoning districts established herein are shown on the Zoning Map of the City and adopted as part of the SVMC. The Zoning Map shall be filed in the office of the City Clerk. The Director shall maintain and update the Zoning Map with any changes that the City Council may approve. 19.20.030 Zoning district boundary considerations. In determining the boundaries of any zoning district the following rules shall apply: A. When following the features below, zoning boundaries shall be construed as following: 1. The centerline of streets, highways, or alleys; 2. Platted lot lines; 3. City limits; 4. Railroad lines; or 5. The centerline of all creeks, streams, or drainage ways; B. When public right-of-way is vacated by official action of the City Council, the zoning district adjoining each side of such public right-of-way shall be automatically extended to its midpoint and all area included in the vacation shall then and henceforth be subject to all regulations of the extended districts; 3 C. Where the location of streets or alleys on the ground differ from the streets or alleys as shown on the Zoning Map, the location of the streets or alleys on the ground shall control; D. Zoning Map distances shall be determined by the scale of the map; E. The zoning district applied to property adjacent to the right-of-way shall extend to the centerline of the right-of-way; and F. When there is a question as to how or whether property is zoned that cannot be resolved by SVMC 19.20.030(A- E), the property shall be evaluated pursuant to chapter 19.180 SVMC, Newly Annexed Areas. Chapter 19.25 NONCONFORMING USES AND STRUCTURES Sections: 19.25.010 Applicability. 19.25.020 Continuing lawful use of property. 19.25.030 Nonconforming structures. 19.25.040 Completion of permanent structures. 19.25.010 Applicability. A. Legal nonconforming uses and structures include: 1. Any use which does not conform with the present regulations of the zoning district in which it is located that was in existence and in continuous and lawful operation prior to the adoption of Title 19; 2. Any permanent structure in existence and lawfully constructed at the time of any amendment to Title 19 SVMC, which by such amendment is placed in a zoning district wherein it is not otherwise permitted and has since been in regular and continuous use; 3. Any permanent structure lawfully used or constructed that was in existence at the time of annexation into the City and which has since been in regular and continuous use; 4. Existing legally-established single-family residential uses located in a nonresidential zoning district. B. Structures or uses deemed nonconforming only pursuant to the SMA(chapter 90.58 RCW) and the City SMP (chapter 21.50 SVMC, Shoreline Regulations) shall comply with the provisions of SVMC 21.50.160. 19.25.020 Continuing lawful use of property. A. The lawful use of land at the time of passage of Title 19 SVMC, or any amendments hereto, may be continued, unless the use is discontinued or abandoned for a period of 12 consecutive months; except that any nonconforming use discontinued as a result of foreclosure or judicial proceedings, including probate, shall be permitted to continue for a period not to exceed 24 months. The right to continue the nonconforming use shall transfer to all successive interests in the property. Discontinuance of a nonconforming use shall commence on the actual act or date of discontinuance. B. A nonconforming use that is abandoned or discontinued shall not be replaced with another nonconforming use. 4 C. A nonconforming use which has not been abandoned or discontinued may be replaced with a conforming use or another nonconforming use when the use meets the following criteria: 1. The new use is not less conforming than the prior use. This determination shall be made by the Director 2. The proposed use does not place a greater demand on transportation and other public facilities than the original use; and, 3. The proposed use does not adversely impact the use of neighboring property. D. A nonconforming use in residential zones may be expanded only within the boundaries of the original lot and any adjacent lot having the same ownership as the lot at the time the use on the original lot became nonconforming, if: 1. The expanded use does not degrade the transportation level of service greater than the original use; 2. The expanded use does not adversely impact the use of neighboring property; 3. Any transfer of ownership on adjacent lots was made concurrently with the transfer of ownership of the lot on which the nonconforming use is located as part of a single transaction; and 4. The expansion does not create additional development opportunities on adjacent lots that would not otherwise exist. E. A nonconforming use in a nonresidential zoning district may be expanded only within the boundaries of the original lot and any lot adjacent to the original lot, if: 1. The original lot and the "expansion" lot are in the same zoning district; 2. The expanded use does not degrade the transportation level of service greater than the original use; and 3. The expanded use does not adversely impact the use of neighboring property. F. Residential lots made nonconforming relative to dimensional requirements shall be deemed conforming if the use is allowed in the respective zoning district. G. Nonconforming uses that do not provide the required number of off-street parking spaces pursuant to current standards shall not be required to meet parking standards. H. Any nonconforming use damaged by fire, flood, neglect, or act of nature may be replaced if: 1. Restoration of the use is initiated within 12 months; and 2. The damage represents less than 80 percent of market value. Any nonconforming use changed to a conforming use shall not be permitted to convert to a nonconforming use. 19.25.030 Nonconforming structures. A nonconforming structure may be expanded in accordance with the following: 5 A. The expansion or alteration does not change the occupancy classification under adopted building Codes; B. The expansion or alteration does not create additional nonconformity with respect to building setbacks or lot coverage; additions to nonconforming structures shall meet setbacks required within the zoning district; C. The number of dwelling units does not increase so as to exceed the number of dwelling units permitted within current regulations; D. Off-street loading and/or parking, stormwater facilities, and landscaping shall be provided for the alteration or expansion in accordance with chapter 22.50 SVMC; and E. Nonconforming structures damaged by fire, flood, neglect, or act of nature may be replaced if: 1. Restoration of the structure is initiated within 12 months; and 2. The damage represents less than 80 percent of market value of the structure. 19.25.040 Completion of permanent structures. Compliance with chapter 19.25 SVMC shall not require changes to the plans, construction, or designated use of a structure for which: A. A building permit has been issued or a site plan approved by the City or County prior to incorporation of the City or the effective date of Title 19 SVMC; or B. A substantially complete application for a building permit was accepted by the building official on or before the effective date of the Title 19 SVMC; provided, that the building permit shall comply with all applicable regulations on the date that the application was filed and the building permit is issued within 180 days of the effective date of chapter 19.25 SVMC. Chapter 19.30 CHANGES AND AMENDMENTS Sections: 19.30.010 Comprehensive Plan text and map amendments. 19.30.020 Area-wide rezones. 19.30.030 Site-specific Zoning Map amendments. 19.30.040 Development regulation text amendments. 19.30.010 Comprehensive Plan text and map amendments. A. Pursuant to RCW 36.70A.130(2)(a), proposed updates to the Comprehensive Plan shall only be processed once per year except for the adoption of original subarea plans, amendments to the SMP, the amendment of the capital facilities chapter concurrent with the adoption of the City budget, in the event of an emergency, or to resolve an appeal of the Comprehensive Plan filed with the Growth Management Hearings Board. B. Comprehensive Plan text and map amendments are classified as Type IV development applications and shall be processed pursuant to SVMC 17.80.140. 19.30.020 Area-wide rezones. A. Area-wide rezones shall be considered only in conjunction with updates to the Comprehensive Plan text and maps to ensure full consideration of the cumulative effects of all changes. 6 B, Area-wide rezones are classified as Type IV development applications and shall be processed pursuant to SVMC 17.80.140. 19.30.030 Site-specific Zoning Map amendments. A. Site-specific Zoning Map amendment requests may be submitted at any time. Site-specific Zoning Map amendments are classified as Type III development applications and shall be processed pursuant to SVMC 17.80.140. B. All site-specific Zoning Map amendment requests shall meet all of the following criteria: 1. Meet the requirements of chapter 22.20 SVMC, Concurrency; 2. Be consistent with the Comprehensive Plan land use designation; 3. Bear a substantial relation to the public health, safety, and welfare; 4. Be warranted in order to achieve consistency with the Comprehensive Plan or because of a need for additional property in the proposed zoning district classification, or because the proposed zoning classification is appropriate for reasonable development of the subject property; 5. Be adjacent and contiguous (which shall include corner touches and property located across a public right-of-way)to property of the same or higher zoning classification; 6. Not be materially detrimental to uses or property in the immediate vicinity of the subject property; and 7. Have merit and value for the community as a whole. 19.30.040 Development regulation text amendments. Requests to amend Titles 17 through 24 SVMC may be submitted at any time. Text amendments are classified as Type IV development applications and shall be processed pursuant to SVMC 17.80.150. Chapter 19.40 ALTERNATIVE RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT OPTIONS Sections: 19.40.010 Purpose. 19.40.020 Relationship to other SVMC provisions. 19.40.030 Development standards —Accessory dwelling units. 19.40.040 Development standards — Industrial accessory dwelling units. 19.40.050 Development standards —Cottages. 19.40.060 Development standards — Duplexes. 19.40.070 Development standards — Manufactured homes on individual lots. 19.40.080 Development standards — Manufactured home parks. 19.40.090 Reserved. 19.40.100 Development standards —Townhouses. 19.40.110 Community buildings and community space. 19.40.120 Homeowner's or property owner association required. 19.40.010 Purpose. 7 The purpose of chapter 19.40 SVMC is to provide alternative residential development options to traditional single-family dwellings and multifamily dwellings. These standards provide opportunities changing composition of households and the need for smaller, more diverse, and often, more affordable housing choices. Providing for a variety of housing types also encourages innovation and diversity in housing design and site development, while ensuring compatibility with surrounding single-family residential and non-residential development. 19.40.020 Relationship to other SVMC provisions. A. Title 19 SVMC, Zoning Regulations. The standards of chapter 19.40 SVMC modify and supplement the standards in other provisions of Title 19 SVMC. In the event of a conflict between the standards in chapter 19.40 SVMC and other requirements of Title 19 SVMC, the provisions of chapter 19.40 SVMC shall govern. B. Chapter 17.80 SVMC, Permit Processing Procedures. Alternative residential development is allowed in the zoning districts shown in the permitted use matrix in SVMC 19.60.050. 19.40.030 Development standards —Accessory dwelling units. A. Site. 1. An ADU may be developed in conjunction with either an existing or new primary dwelling unit; 2. One ADU, attached or detached, is allowed per lot; and 3. One off-street parking for the ADU is required in addition to the off-street parking required for the primary dwelling unit. B. Building. 1. The ADU shall be designed to meet the appearance of a single-family residence and shall be the same or visually match the primary dwelling unit in the type, size, and placement of the following: a. Exterior finish materials; b. Roof pitch; c. Trim; and d. Windows, in proportion (relationship of width to height) and orientation (horizontal or vertical); 2. The entrance to an attached ADU shall be located on the side or in the rear of the structure or in such a manner as to be unobtrusive in appearance when viewed from the front of the street. Only one entrance may be located on the facade of the primary dwelling unit in order to maintain the appearance of a single-family residence; 3. The ADU shall not exceed 50 percent of the habitable square footage of the primary dwelling unit, nor be less than 300 square feet; 4. The footprint of the ADU shall not exceed 10 percent of the lot area or 1,000 square feet, whichever is greater; and 5. The ADU unit shall not have more than two bedrooms. 8 C. Additional Development Standards for ADUs. 1. ADUs shall be located behind the front building setback line and placed on a permanent foundation; 2. ADUs shall preserve all side yard and rear yard setbacks for a dwelling unit pursuant to Table 19.70-1; 3. ADUs shall not be allowed on lots containing a duplex, multifamily dwelling, or accessory apartment contained within the principal structure; and 4. Existing detached accessory structures may be converted into detached ADUs; provided, that all development standards and criteria are met, including side yard and rear yard setbacks. D. Other. 1. The owner, as established by the titleholder, shall occupy either the primary dwelling unit or the ADU as their permanent residence for six months or more of the calendar year and at no time receive rent for the owner-occupied unit. The application for the ADU shall include a letter from the owner affirming that one legal titleholder lives in either unit, meeting the requirement of owner occupancy. 2. Prior to issuance of occupancy, a deed restriction shall be recorded with the Spokane County auditor to indicate the presence of an ADU, the requirement of owner occupancy, and other standards for maintaining the unit as described in the SVMC. 3. Home businesses are prohibited in the ADU. 4. Approval of an ADU may be revoked if the ADU is no longer in compliance with the development standards and criteria outlined in the SVMC. 5. The owner may cancel an ADU's registration by filing a letter with Spokane County auditor. The ADU may also be cancelled as a result of an enforcement action. 6. Cargo shipping containers and similar enclosures are not a permitted accessory structure in any residential zoning district. 19.40.040 Development standards — Industrial accessory dwelling units. A. Site. 1. An industrial ADU may be developed in conjunction with either an existing or new building; 2. The maximum number of allowed industrial ADUs is 10 per site; and 3. One off-street parking for each ADU is required in addition to the off-street parking required for the primary use. B. Building. 1. The ADU, excluding any garage area, is prohibited on the first floor of the building; and 2. The ADU unit shall not have more than two bedrooms. 9 C. Permit Type. Industrial accessory dwelling units shall require approval of a conditional use permit pursuant to chapter 19.150 SVMC. 19.40.050 Development standards — Cottage development. A. Site. 1. The design of a cottage development shall take into account the relationship of the site to the surrounding areas. The perimeter of the site shall be designed to minimize adverse impact of the cottage development on adjacent properties and, conversely, to minimize adverse impact of adjacent land use and development characteristics on the cottage development; 2. The maximum density shall be two times the maximum number of dwelling units allowed in the underlying zone; 3. Where feasible, each cottage that abuts a common open space shall have a primary entry and/or covered porch oriented to the common open space; 4. Buildings shall meet the following minimum setback standards: a. 20-foot front yard setback; b. 10-foot rear yard setback; and c. 5-foot side yard setback; 5. Common open space is required and shall meet the following criteria: a. 400 square feet of common open space per cottage; b. Setbacks and private open space shall not be counted towards the common open space; c. One common open space shall be located centrally to the project with pathways connecting the common open space to the cottages and any shared garage building and community building; d. Cottages shall surround the common open space on a minimum of two sides of the open space; and e. Community buildings may be counted toward the common open space requirement; 6. One and one-half off-street parking spaces for each cottage is required. B. Building. 1. Cottages shall not exceed 900 square feet, excluding any loft or partial second story and porches. A cottage may include an attached garage, not to exceed an additional 300 square feet. 2. The building height for a cottage shall not exceed 25 feet. 10 3. The building height for any attached garage or shared garage building shall not exceed 20 feet. 4. Buildings shall be varied in height, size, proportionality, orientation, rooflines, doors, windows, and building materials. 5. Porches shall be required. C. Other. 1. Accessory dwelling units are prohibited. 2. All other SVMC provisions that are applicable to a single-family dwelling unit shall be met. D. Permit Type. Cottage development shall require approval of a conditional use permit pursuant to chapter 19.150 SVMC. E. Title 20 SVMC, Subdivision Regulations. The design requirements of SVMC 20.20.090 are waived. 19.40.060 Development standards — Duplexes. Duplexes shall meet the minimum lot size per dwelling unit, setback standards, maximum lot coverage, and building height standards shown in Table 19.70-1. 19.40.070 Development standards — Manufactured homes on individual lots. A. Pursuant to the requirements of RCW 35.21.684, the City does not discriminate against consumers' choices in the placement or use of a home that is not equally applicable to all homes. This section applies only to manufactured housing units placed on individual lots. B. Homes built to 42 U.S.C. 70 Sections 5401 through 5403 standards (as they may be amended) are regulated for the purposes of siting in the same manner as site-built homes, factory-built homes, or homes built to any other state construction or local design standard; provided, however, that the manufactured home shall: 1. Be set upon a permanent foundation, as specified by the manufacturer, and that the space from the bottom of the home to the ground be enclosed by concrete or an approved product which can be either load-bearing or decorative; 2. Comply with all local design standards, including the requirement for a pitched roof with a slope of not less than 3:12, applicable to all other homes within the neighborhood in which the manufactured home is to be located; 3. Be thermally equivalent to the state energy code; and 4. Otherwise meet all other requirements for a designated manufactured home as defined in RCW 35.63.160. C. This section does not override any legally recorded covenants or deed restrictions of record. D. An existing single-wide manufactured home may be replaced with a new single-wide manufactured home when replacement is initiated within 12 months of the date of damage which represents less than 80 percent of market value, or removal of existing habitable manufactured home. 11 E. Manufactured homes with dimensional features that match or closely match the predominant manufactured home type within a manufactured home subdivision may be placed in the manufactured home subdivision without regard to the age of the manufactured home. 19.40.080 Development standards — Manufactured home parks. A. Manufactured home parks shall require approval of a binding site plan and site plan review pursuant to Title 20 SVMC, Subdivision Regulations, and chapter 19.130 SVMC, Site Plan Review. B. Manufactured home park density shall be consistent with the zoning classification they are located in not to exceed 12 units per acre. A minimum of five manufactured home spaces shall be required per park. C. Manufactured home parks shall provide at least 10 percent of the gross area of the park for common open space for the use of its residents. D. Each manufactured home space shall have direct frontage on a public or private street. E. The minimum setbacks shall be pursuant to Table 19.40-1. Table 19.40-1 Manufactured Home Park Minimum Setbacks (in Feet)' Minimum setback from the Minimum setback from the boundary property lines of individual in of the manufactured home park park spaces Front Yard Side Yard Rear Yard Side Yard Rear Yard Right-of-Way Manufactured homes 5 5 5 10 10 20 Patio covers, decks, landings, 5 5 5 5 5 20 awnings Carports 5 5 5 5 5 20 'Greater setback shall control. 19.40.090 Reserved. 19.40.100 Development standards — Townhouses. A. In zero lot line developments approved as part of a planned residential development, zero setbacks along one side are allowed, provided a two-foot maintenance easement is recorded as part of the subdivision plan. B. Townhouses located on individual lots, shall meet minimum rear, front, and side yard requirements (where applicable), minimum area requirements, maximum lot coverage, and building height requirements shown in Table 19.70-1. Townhouses are subject to the following requirements: 1. No more than six dwelling units shall be attached in one continuous row or group; 12 2. Townhouse unit shall not be constructed above another townhouse unit; 3. There shall be a side yard on each side of a contiguous row or group of dwellings of not less than six feet; 4. Townhouses included in a condominium development may limit the lot to the building footprint; provided, that the yard area shared in common with all units is equivalent in area to the yard required by the underlying zone. 19.40.110 Community buildings. Community buildings are encouraged in cottage developments. Community buildings shall meet the following criteria: A. Community buildings shall be clearly incidental in use and shall not exceed 1,000 square feet. B. Community buildings shall be no more than 20 feet in height. C. Community buildings shall be commonly owned and maintained by the property owners. 19.40.120 Homeowner's or property owner association required. In a cottage development or manufactured home park, a property owners' or homeowners' association shall be established for the purpose of ownership, maintenance, and management of open spaces, common areas, and buildings, and private streets as required by the provisions of the SVMC. Chapter 19.50 PLANNED RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENTS Sections: 19.50.010 Purpose. 19.50.020 Where permitted. 19.50.030 Permitted uses. 19.50.040 Relationship to other SVMC provisions. 19.50.050 Development standards. 19.50.060 Open space standards. 19.50.070 Administration. 19.50.080 Homeowners' or property owners' association required. 19.50.010 Purpose. It is the purpose of chapter 19.50 SVMC is to: A. Encourage imaginative design and the creation of permanent open space by permitting greater flexibility in zoning requirements than is generally permitted by other sections of the SVMC; B. Preserve or create environmental amenities superior to those generally found in conventional developments; C. Create or preserve usable open space for the enjoyment of the residents; D. Preserve, to the greatest extent possible, the natural characteristics of the land including, but not limited to, topography, natural vegetation, waterways, and views; E. Encourage development of a variety of housing types; and 13 F. Provide for maximum efficiency in the layout of streets, utility networks, and other public improvements and infrastructure. 19.50.020 Where permitted. Planned residential developments (PRDs) are permitted in all residential zoning districts in the City. 19.50.030 Permitted uses. The following uses are permitted in a PRD; provided, that they meet the standards and criteria established in chapter 19.50 SVMC: A. Those uses permitted as a matter of right in the underlying zoning district; B. Residential developments of all types as defined by chapter 19.50 SVMC; and C. As a secondary use, uses permitted in the Neighborhood Commercial zoning district may be permitted in a PRD of 10 acres or larger. 19.50.040 Relationship to other SVMC provisions. A. Title 19 SVMC, Zoning Requirements. The provisions of chapter 19.50 SVMC pertaining to land use of the underlying zoning district shall govern the use of land in a PRD. The specific setback, lot size, height limits, and other dimensional requirements are waived and the regulations for PRDs shall be those indicated in SVMC 19.50.050. B. Title 20 SVMC, Subdivision Requirements. A PRD shall be exempt from the specific design requirements of Title 20 SVMC except that when any parcel of land in a PRD is intended for individual ownership, sale, or public dedication, the subdivision and procedural requirements of Title 20 SVMC and applicable state laws pertaining to subdivision, conveyance of land, and the preparation of maps shall be followed. C. Chapter 17.80 SVMC, Permit Processing Procedures. A PRD is a Type Ill permit type and shall require a public hearing before the Hearing Examiner consistent with the provisions of chapter 17.80 SVMC. 19.50.050 Development standards. The following standards shall govern the administration of chapter 19.50 SVMC: A. Relationship of PRD Site to Adjacent Areas. The design of a PRD shall take into account the relationship of the site to the surrounding areas. The perimeter of the PRD shall be designed to minimize adverse impact of the PRD on adjacent properties and, conversely, to minimize adverse impact of adjacent land use and development characteristics on the PRD. B. Site Acreage Minimum. The minimum site shall be five acres. C. Minimum Lot Size. The minimum lot size provisions of other sections of the SVMC do not apply in a PRD. D. Density. The Hearing Examiner may authorize a dwelling unit density up to 20 percent greater than that permitted by the underlying zone, rounded to the nearest whole number. E. Maximum Coverage. Lot coverage shall not exceed the percentage permitted by the underlying zone. F. Landscaping Required. All common open space shall be landscaped in accordance with the landscaping plan submitted by the applicant and approved by the Hearing Examiner. Natural 14 landscape features which are to be preserved, such as existing trees, drainage ways, rock outcrops, etc. may be accepted as part of the landscaping plan. G. Setback and Side Yard Requirements. 1. Setbacks from the exterior boundary line of the PRD area shall be comparable to or compatible with those of the existing development of adjacent properties, or, if adjacent properties are undeveloped, the type of development which may reasonably be expected on such properties given the existing zoning. 2. Setbacks or Side Yards Between Buildings. The standard setbacks and yard requirements between buildings may be waived in a PRD. Buildings may have common walls. H. Off-street parking shall be provided in accordance with chapter 22.50 SVMC, Off-street Parking and Loading Standards. Secondary Use Limitations. 1. Commercial uses shall comply with chapter 19.30 SVMC, Site Plan Review. Site plans shall be included in the application for the PRD; 2. The gross floor area of the commercial use shall not exceed the product of 50 square feet multiplied by the number of dwelling units within the development; and 3. Construction of at least 35 percent of the residences in the PRD shall be completed before issuing any building permits for the construction of commercial uses, except this shall not prohibit a sales office. 19.50.060 Open space standards. Each PRD shall dedicate at least 30 percent of the gross land area for common open space for the use of its residents. Common open space areas shall meet the following criteria: A. Location. The open space shall be entirely within the PRD and within reasonable walking distance of all dwelling units in the PRD. Where practical, the common open space shall be located adjacent to other established or planned park and recreational areas in adjacent developments, schools, or City parks; provided, that such dedication would increase the overall benefit to the residents of the PRD and conform to other criteria in SVMC 19.50.060. B. Access. All dwelling units within the PRD shall have legal access to the proposed common open space at the time of final PRD approval. Private or access streets, trees, or other landscaping may separate the common open space area; however, access may not be blocked by major obstacles such as arterial, collector streets, or significant natural features such as rivers, streams, or topographic features. Active recreational open space areas shall have reasonable access from street frontages. C. Types of Open Space. 1. Land dedicated for open space shall be usable for either greenbelts that serve as a buffer between land uses, using existing vegetation, or an aesthetic amenity such as boulevard trees, active recreational activities, or for protecting critical areas. 2. Except as provided in SVMC 19.50.060(C)(4), a minimum of 30 percent of the required common open space area shall be suitable for active recreation. The topography, soils, 15 hydrology, and other physical characteristics of the active recreation area shall provide a dry, obstacle-free space in a configuration which is suitable for active recreation. 3. The percentage of active recreational areas may be increased to as high as 50 percent if it is determined that anticipated recreational needs require a larger percentage. In increasing this percentage, the following standard shall be used: the ratio of one acre to 125 residential units. 4. The percentage of active recreational area may be decreased to as low as 15 percent if it is determined that: a. Inclusion of buffers or critical areas better meet the open space needs of the residents of the PRD; or b. A higher percentage would lead to the detrimental grading or other disturbance of the natural setting. D. Open space area shall not include: 1. Accessory buildings and areas reserved for the exclusive use and benefit of an individual tenant or owner; 2. Public rights-of-way, private streets, residential driveways, parking areas, loading or storage areas, or setback areas; 3. Floodplain (100-year), flood-prone areas, drainage easements, natural drainage areas, or creeks. E. Implementation. The open space area shall be dedicated in common to the property owners within the plat or to a property owners' or homeowners' association. Maintenance and operation of the open space shall be the responsibility of the property owners' or homeowners' association. 1. The City may choose to accept dedication, maintenance, and operation responsibilities when the common open space area is in the public interest and complies with at least one of the following: a. Is greater than 10 acres; b. Is adjacent to an established or future City park or school grounds; c. Is an access to a body of water greater than three acres in size; or d. Is a critical area. 2. The dedication shall be identified on the PRD plan. F. Improvements. The following improvements to the open space area may be required prior to final approval of the PRD: 1. Removal of construction debris and hazards; and 2. Rough grading and establishment of grass cover over those portions of the site suitable for playfields. G. Equivalent Facilities. When proposed open space areas do not meet the criteria for dedication in chapter 19.50 SVMC, such land may be improved by grading, filling, landscaping, or with 16 installation of recreation equipment so as to be equivalent in result to the intent of chapter 19.50 SVMC. The Director shall determine if the proposal is equivalent based on the following guidelines: 1. The proposed land and improvements shall create recreational opportunities generally equivalent to or greater than the land required for the residents within the PRD; and 2. The proposed land and improvements shall not significantly disturb or alter a critical area, unless otherwise allowed by the City. H. Stormwater Facilities. Stormwater facilities may be allowed by the City as open space subject to the following criteria: 1. The stormwater facility shall drain fully within 72 hours after a storm event unless the facility is designed as an aesthetic amenity; 2. The side slope of the stormwater facility shall not exceed 3:1 unless slopes are existing, natural, and vegetated; 3. If the stormwater facilities are located adjacent to or near a natural, year-round stream or wetland, these systems shall be left in natural or near-natural condition; 4. The stormwater facilities shall be landscaped in a manner which is both aesthetic and able to withstand the inundation expected; 5. The stormwater facility shall not be fenced or otherwise rendered unsuitable or unavailable for recreation use during dry weather; and 6. In the case of joint use of open space for stormwater and recreation, the homeowners or homeowners' association shall be responsible for maintenance of the stormwater facilities. Rights and Duties. The owners of open space shall have the following rights on the common open area, subject to restrictive covenants or other restrictions: 1. The right to locate recreational facilities, such as tennis courts, swimming pools, picnic tables, and fireplaces (accessory to picnic tables)for the exclusive use of residents of the PRD and their guests; 2. The right to locate pedestrian, bicycle, and bridle paths; 3. The right to protect and maintain the common space area or to correct a hazardous condition posing a threat to life or limb; 4. The right to regulate access to the open space land and the duty to maintain it. 19.50.070 Administration. A. Building permits and other required permits for the development of property under the provisions of chapter 19.50 SVMC, shall be issued only when, in the opinion of the Director, the work to be performed meets the requirements of the final plan and program elements of the PRD. B. Minor and Major Adjustments. 1. Minor adjustments may be made and approved by the Director when a building permit is issued. Minor adjustments are those which may affect the precise dimensions or siting of 17 buildings, but which do not affect the basic character or arrangement of buildings approved in neither the final plan, the density of the development, or the open space requirements. Such dimensional adjustments shall not vary more than 10 percent from the original. 2. Major adjustments are those which, in the opinion of the Director, substantially change the basic design, density, open space or other requirements of the PRD. When, in the opinion of the Director, a change constitutes a major adjustment, a building, or other permit shall not be issued without prior review and approval by the Hearing Examiner of such adjustment. C. Parties Bound. Once the preliminary development plan is approved, all persons and parties, their successors, heirs, or assigns, who own, have, or will have by virtue of purchase, inheritance, or assignment, any interest in the real property within the proposed PRD, shall be bound by the conditions attending the approval of the development and the provisions of chapter 19.50 SVMC. 19.50.080 Homeowners' or property owners' association required. In a PRD, a property owners' or homeowners' association shall be established for the purpose of ownership, maintenance, and management of open spaces, common areas, and private streets as required by the provisions of the SVMC. Chapter 19.60 PERMITTED USES Sections: 19.60.010 General. 19.60.020 Use categories. 19.60.030 Uses not listed. 19.60.040 Explanation of table abbreviations. 19.60.050 Permitted uses matrix. 19.60.010 General. A. Uses allowed in each zoning district are shown in SVMC 19.60.050, Permitted uses matrix. B. Uses within shoreline jurisdiction are also subject to additional use restrictions pursuant to chapter 21.50 SVMC, Shoreline Regulations. 19.60.020 Use categories. Uses are assigned to the category that describes most closely the nature of the use. Uses have been classified into general use categories and subcategories. Definitions and examples are provided in SVMC Appendix A, Definitions. 19.60.030 Uses not listed. A. If a use is not listed, the Director shall have the authority to allow uses that are similar to a use category or use listed in SVMC 19.60.050 Table 19.60-1, subject to the same review procedures as the similar use. B. Accessory uses. The Director shall have the authority to allow accessory uses when they are subordinate to, or incidental to, the primary use on the same lot and permitted within the zoning district. 18 C. Temporary uses. Temporary uses are permitted for a limited period of time or pending the occurrence of an event pursuant to chapter 19.160 SVMC, Temporary Use Permits. 19.60.040 Explanation of table abbreviations. The following describe the abbreviations used in SVMC 19.60.050, Permitted uses matrix: A. Permitted uses are designated with a "P." Permitted uses are allowable uses within a zoning district. B. Conditional uses are designated with a "C." Conditional uses are authorized pursuant to chapter 19.150 SVMC, Conditional Use Permits. C. Regional siting uses are designated with an "R." Regional siting uses are of statewide or regional/countywide significance. They are authorized pursuant to chapter 19.90 SVMC, EPFs. D. Uses subject to supplemental use regulations are designated with an "S." The Supplemental regulations are set forth in chapter 19.65 SVMC and shall apply to the corresponding supplemental uses listed in SVMC 19.60.050 Permitted use matrix. E. Prohibited uses are designated with a blank cell. 19.60.050 Permitted uses matrix. Residential Mixed-Use Commercial Industrial Parks and Open Space R-1 R-2 R-3 MFR MU CMU NC RC IMU I POS Agriculture and Animal Animal processing/handling P Animal raising and/or keeping S S S S S S Animal shelter S P P Beekeeping, commercial P Beekeeping, hobby S S S Community garden S S S S S S S Greenhouse/nursery, commercial P P P Kennel S S S S P P Orchard, tree farming, commercial P P Riding stable P P C Communication Facilities Radio/TV broadcasting studio P P P P Repeater facility P P P P P P P P Telecommunication wireless antenna S S S S S S S S S S array Telecommunication wireless support S S S S S S S S S S tower Tower, ham operator S S S S S S S S S S Community Services Community hall, club, or lodge P P P P P P P 19 Residential Mixed-Use Commercial Industrial Parks and Open Space R-1 R-2 R-3 MFR MU CMU NC RC IMU I POS Church, temple, mosque, synagogue P P P P P P P P and house of worship Crematory P P P P Funeral home P P Transitional housing C Day Care Day care, adult P P P P P P P P P P Day care, child (12 children or fewer) P P P P P P P P P P Day care, child (13 children or more) C C C P P P P P P P Eating and Drinking Establishment P P P P P P S Education Schools, college or university P P P Schools, K through 12 P P P P P P P P Schools, professional, vocational and P P P P P P trade schools Schools, specialized training/studios P P P P Entertainment Adult entertainment and retail S Casino P P P Cultural facilities P P P P Exercise facility S S S S Off-road recreational vehicle use P P Major event entertainment P P P Racecourse P P P P Racetrack P P Recreational facility P P P P P P Theater, indoor P P P Group Living Assisted living/convalescent/nursing P P P P home Community residential facilities (6 P P P P P P residents or less) Community residential facilities P P P (greater than 6 residents under 25) Dwelling, congregate P P P Industrial, Heavy Assembly, heavy P Hazardous waste treatment and S S storage Manufacturing, heavy P Processing, heavy P Mining S 20 Residential Mixed-Use Commercial Industrial Parks and Open Space R-1 R-2 R-3 MFR MU CMU NC RC IMU I POS Industrial, Light Assembly, light P P P P P Manufacturing, light P P P Processing, light P P Recycling facility S S S S Industrial service P P Lodging Bed and breakfast P PP P P Hotel/motel P P P P Recreational vehicle park/campground S Marijuana uses Marijuana club or lounge Marijuana cooperative Marijuana processing S S Marijuana production S S Marijuana sales S S S Medical S P P P P P Office Animal clinic/veterinary S S S S S Office, professional P P P P P P P Parks and Open Space Cemetery P P P Golf course P PP P P P P P Golf driving range CCCC P C P P P Parks P PP P P P P P P Public/Quasi-Public Community facilities P PP P P P P P P P P Essential public facilities R R R R R R R R R Public utility local distribution facility S S S S S S S P P P S Public utility transmission facility S SS S S S S S S S S Tower, wind turbine support S S S S Residential Dwelling, accessory units S S S S S S S S Dwelling, caretaker's residence S S S S S Dwelling, cottage S S S S Dwelling, duplex P P P P Dwelling, industrial accessory dwelling S S unit Dwelling, multifamily P P P Dwelling, single-family P PP P P P P 21 Residential Mixed-Use Commercial Industrial Parks and Open Space R-1 R-2 R-3 MFR MU CMU NC RC IMU I POS Dwelling, townhouse S S S S S Manufactured home park S S Retail Sales and Service P P S P P S S Transportation Airstrip, private P P Battery charging stations S S S P P P P P P P S Electric vehicle infrastructure P P P P P P P Heliport P P Helistop C C P Parking facility-controlled access P P P P P Railroad yard, repair shop and P roundhouse Transit center P P P P P Vehicle Services Automobile impound yard P P Automobile/taxi rental P P P P P Automobile parts, accessories and P P P P P tires Automobile/truck/RV/motorcycle P P P P painting, repair, body and fender works Car wash P P S P P P Farm machinery sales and repair P P P Fueling station P P S P P P Heavy truck and industrial vehicles P P sales, rental, repair and maintenance Passenger vehicle, boat, and RV P P P sales,service and repair Towing P P P P Truck stop P P Warehouse,Wholesale,and Freight Movement Auction house P P P Auction yard (excluding livestock) P P Catalog and mail order houses P P P P P Cold storage/food locker P P Freight forwarding P P Grain elevator P P Storage, general indoor P P S P P P Storage, general outdoor S S S S P P Storage, self-service facility P P P P P P Tank storage, critical material above S S ground 22 Residential Mixed-Use Commercial Industrial Parks and Open Space R-1 R-2 R-3 MFR MU CMU NC RC IMU I POS Tank storage, critical material below S S S ground Tank storage, LPG above ground S S S S S S Warehouse P P P P P Wholesale business P P P P P Chapter 19.65 SUPPLEMENTAL USE REGULATIONS Sections: 19.65.010 Purpose. 19.65.020 Agriculture and animal. 19.65.030 Communication facilities. 19.65.040 Eating and drinking establishment. 19.65.050 Entertainment. 19.65.060 Industrial, heavy. 19.65.070 Industrial, light. 19.65.080 Lodging. 19.65.090 Marijuana Uses. 19.65.100 Medical. 19.65.110 Office. 19.65.120 Public/quasi-public. 19.65.130 Residential. 19.65.140 Retail sales and service. 19.65.150 Transportation. 19.65.160 Vehicle services. 19.65.170 Warehouse, wholesale, and freight movement. 19.65.180 Uncategorized uses. 19.65.010 Purpose. The supplemental use regulations address standards for certain uses which require additional controls in order to protect public health, safety, and welfare. The regulations in chapter 19.65 SVMC supplement the building and site development standards found in chapter 19.70 SVMC, Density and dimensions. 19.65.020 Agriculture and animal. A. Animal raising and/or keeping. Where permitted, the keeping of poultry and livestock, excluding swine and chickens, is subject to the following conditions: 1. Minimum Lot Requirements. a. In residential zones, the lot shall equal or exceed one gross acre in area, except as set forth in SVMC 16.65.020(A)(7) and SVMC 19.65.020(A)(9). b. In mixed-use zones with legally-established residential uses, the lot shall equal or exceed one gross acre in area. 2. The keeping of swine is prohibited. 23 3. Any permanent or temporary structure housing poultry or livestock including, but not limited to, any stable, paddock, yard, runway, pen, coop, hutch, or enclosure, or any manure pile, shall not be located within 75 feet from any dwelling. 4. Permanent or temporary structure housing poultry or livestock including, but not limited to, any stable, paddock, yard, runway, pen, coop, hutch, or enclosure, or any manure pile, shall not be located within the front yard setback or be closer than 10 feet from any side property line. 5. The keeping of animals and livestock is limited as follows: a. Not more than three horses, mules, donkeys, bovines, llamas, or alpacas shall be permitted per gross acre; or b. Not more than six sheep or goats shall be permitted per gross acre; or c. Any equivalent combination of SVMC 19.65.020(A)(5)(a)or (b). 6. Small Animals/Fowl. A maximum of one small animal or fowl (excluding chickens), including duck, turkey, goose, or similar domesticated fowl, or rabbit, mink, chinchilla, or similar animal, may be raised or kept per 3,000 square feet of gross lot area. In addition, a pen, shed, coop, hutch, or similar containment structure shall be constructed prior to the acquisition of any small animal/fowl and shall be kept a minimum of 20 feet from the front property line and five feet from side and rear property lines. 7. In residential areas, the keeping of chickens is subject to the following conditions: a. A maximum of one chicken may be raised or kept per 2,000 gross square feet of lot area, with a maximum of 25 birds allowed; b. The keeping of roosters is prohibited; c. Pens, coops, hutches, or similar containment structures shall be kept a minimum of 20 feet from the front property line and five feet from side and rear property lines; d. Pens, coops, hutches, or similar containment structures shall be kept a minimum of 25 feet from dwellings on neighboring properties; and e. All chickens shall be contained within the subject property. 8. Stables, paddocks, yards, runways, pens, coops, hutches, enclosures, structures, pastures, and grazing areas shall be kept in a clean and sanitary condition. 9. In residential areas, hobby beekeeping is subject to the following conditions: a. The number of beehives shall be limited to one beehive per 4,356 gross square feet of lot area; b. Beehives shall be set back a minimum of five feet from a side or rear property line and 20 feet from the front property line; c. A flyaway barrier shall be provided that is at least six feet high and consists of a solid wall, solid fencing material, dense vegetation, or combination thereof, that is parallel to the side or rear property line(s)and extends beyond the beehive(s) in 24 each direction that bees are forced to fly at an elevation of at least six feet above ground level over the property lines in the vicinity of the beehives; d. Beekeepers shall maintain an adequate supply of water for bees located close to the hives; and e. The beekeeper shall be certified by the Washington State Beekeeper's Association. B. Animal shelter. In the CMU zone, animal shelters shall comply with the following conditions: 1. Not have outside runs; 2. Provide human supervision in any outdoor areas; 3. Be located along an arterial; and 4. Demonstrate compliance with noise standards for a commercial noise source as identified by WAC 173-60-040. C. Community garden. Produce may be sold pursuant to RCW 36.71.090 as adopted or amended. D. Kennels, doggie day care facilities, and kennels associated with veterinarian clinics. Where permitted in commercial and mixed-use zones, these uses shall comply with the following conditions: 1. Not have outside runs or areas; 2. Provide adequate soundproofing for structures housing animals pursuant to chapter 173- 60 WAC; 3. Provide one parking space for every 10 animal confinement areas; and 4. Demonstrate compliance with noise standards for a commercial noise source as identified by WAC 173-60-040. 19.65.030 Communication facilities. A. Telecommunication wireless antenna array. Telecommunication wireless antenna arrays shall comply with the provisions of chapter 22.120 SVMC, Wireless communication facilities. B. Telecommunication wireless support tower. Telecommunication wireless support towers shall comply with the provisions of chapter 22.120 SVMC, Wireless communication facilities. C. Telecommunication wireless support towers located in a residential or multifamily zoning district requires a conditional use permit pursuant to chapter 19.150 SVMC. D. Tower, ham operator. 1. A building permit for the private tower is required; 2. The applicant shall submit a site plan showing the height and location of the private tower; 3. The applicant shall furnish a copy of the tower manufacturer's construction and erection specifications; 25 4. The private tower shall be erected in accordance with the manufacturer's specifications; 5. The applicant shall demonstrate the impact area (that area in all directions equal to the tower's height above grade) is completely on his/her property. Up to one-half of the tower's impact area in distance may be administratively approved if located on adjacent property pursuant to the administrative exception process contained in chapter 19.140 SVMC; or, if the applicant has secured the appropriate easements for all property within the tower's impact area if not entirely within his/her ownership. Such easements shall be recorded with the Spokane County auditor with a statement that only the City may remove the recordation; 6. A residence shall be on the same site as the private tower, except for a private repeater facility or remote base operations; and 7. The height limitation of the zone shall not be exceeded without approval of a variance or administrative exception as either may respectively pertains. D. Tower (does not include wireless communications support tower) provided: 1. A conditional use permit pursuant to chapter 19.150 SVMC is approved; 2. The tower base shall be enclosed by a fence not less than six feet in height with a locking gate; 3. The tower shall have a locking trap door or the climbing apparatus shall stop 12 feet above the ground; 4. The tower collapse or blade impact area shall lie completely within the applicant's property or within an adjacent property for which the applicant has secured and recorded an easement(s) for all property in the tower's impact area; and 5. Before issuance of a conditional use permit, the applicant shall have demonstrated all the applicable requirements of the FCC, FAA and any required avigation easements can be satisfied. 19.65.040 Eating and drinking establishment. A. Espresso establishment. In the P/OS zone, espresso establishments shall be permitted as an accessory use. B. Mobile food vendors. 1. Mobile food vendors shall obtain permission of the property owner to operate on the premises; 2. Mobile food vendors shall obtain the appropriate health certificates and permits; and 3. Mobile food vendors shall operate on designated paved areas wand not interfere with parking or internal circulation. 19.65.050 Entertainment. A. Adult entertainment and retail. Adult entertainment and retail uses shall comply with the provisions of chapter 19.80 SVMC, Adult Uses. 26 B. Exercise facility. Exercise rooms and facilities not open to the public and accessory to uses permitted outright are allowed in the MFR, MU, CMU, NC, RC, IMU, and I zones. 19.65.060 Industrial, heavy. A. Hazardous waste treatment and storage. Hazardous waste treatment and storage shall comply with the provisions of SVMC 21.40.060 through SVMC 21.40.063. B. Mining. Existing mining operations may continue to operate and expand within the boundaries of an approved mining operation that, as of the date of SVMC 19.65.060(B), was in continuous and lawful operation, or which had received a Washington State Department of Natural Resource County or Municipality Approval for Surface Mining Form. New mining operations are prohibited. 19.65.070 Industrial, light. A. Recycling facility. 1. In the CMU and RC zones, all recyclable materials and equipment shall be contained indoors; 2. All activities shall meet the noise requirements of SVMC 7.05.040(L); 3. In the CMU and RC zones, dangerous or hazardous materials as defined in Appendix A shall not be recycled or processed on site; 4. In the CMU and RC zones, screening in SVMC 22.70.070(E) shall be required when adjacent to an existing residential use or residential zoning district; and 5. In the CMU and RC zones, the site shall have frontage on an existing arterial or state highway and access will be limited to such frontage. 19.65.080 Lodging. A. Recreational vehicle park/campground. 1. The maximum net units per acre shall be 15; 2. Recreational vehicle stalls shall average 1,500 square feet; 3. Accessory uses including management headquarters, recreational facilities, restrooms, dumping stations, showers, laundry facilities, and other uses and structures customarily incidental to operation of a recreational vehicle park are permitted as accessory uses; 4. A minimum of 15 percent of the gross site area shall be set aside and developed as common use areas for open or enclosed recreation facilities. Recreational vehicle stalls, private streets, storage, utility sites, and off-street parking areas shall not be counted as meeting this requirement; and 5. The recreational vehicle park shall meet all Spokane Regional Health District and City regulations regarding sewage and water. 19.65.090 Marijuana Uses. All marijuana uses shall comply with the provisions of chapter 19.85 SVMC, Marijuana Uses. 27 19.65.100 Medical. A. Medical/dental clinic. 1. Primary access shall be from an arterial in the MFR zone; and 2. Floor area shall not exceed 20 percent of the lot square footage in the MFR zone. 19.65.110 Office. A. Animal clinic/veterinary. 1. Animal clinics and veterinary clinics shall serve only small animals in the NC zone. 2. No burning of refuse or dead animals is allowed. 3. The applicant shall demonstrate compliance with noise standards for a commercial noise source as identified by WAC 173-60-040. 4. All run areas shall be enclosed and supervised. 19.65.120 Public/quasi-public. A. Public utility local distribution facility. 1. The utility company shall secure the necessary property or right-of-way to assure for the property construction, continued maintenance, and general safety to the property adjoining the public utility transmission facility; and 2. The facilities shall be compatible with the surrounding uses either by distance, landscaping, buffering, screening, or design, as determined by the Director. B. Public utility transmission facility. 1. The utility company shall secure the necessary property or right-of-way to assure for the property construction, continued maintenance, and general safety to the property adjoining the public utility transmission facility; 2. All support structures for electric transmission lines shall have their means of access located a minimum of 10 feet above ground; 3. The facilities shall be compatible with the surrounding uses either by distance, landscaping, buffering, screening, or design, as determined by the Director; and 4. The height of any structure above ground shall not exceed 125 feet. C. Tower, wind turbine support. 1. Requires the approval of a conditional use permit pursuant to chapter 19.150 SVMC; 2. The tower base shall be enclosed by a fence that is at least six feet in height and has a locking gate; 3. The tower shall have a locking trap door or the climbing apparatus shall stop 12 feet above the ground; 28 4. The tower collapse or blade impact area shall lie completely within the applicant's property or within an adjacent property for which the applicant has secured and recorded an easement(s) for all property in the tower's impact area; and 5. Before issuance of a conditional use permit, the applicant shall demonstrate compliance with all the applicable requirements of the FCC, FAA, and any required avigation easements can be satisfied. 19.65.130 Residential. A. Accessory structures. The combined building footprint of all accessory permanent structures in residential zoning districts shall be: 1. Up to 1,000 square feet for parcels up to 10,000 square feet in size; or 2. Up to 10 percent of the lot size for parcels greater than 10,000 square feet in size. B. Dwelling, accessory units. Accessory dwelling units shall comply with the provisions of chapter 19.40 SVMC, Alternative Residential Development Options. C. Dwelling, caretaker's residence. A caretaker's residence is limited to custodial, maintenance, management, or security of a commercial property and is only allowed accessory to another permitted use on site. D. Dwelling, cottages. Cottages shall comply with the provisions of chapter 19.40 SVMC, Alternative Residential Development Options. E. Dwelling, duplex. Duplex dwelling units shall comply with the provisions of chapter 19.40 SVMC, Alternative Residential Development Options. F. Dwelling, industrial accessory dwelling units. Industrial accessory dwelling units shall comply with the provisions of chapter 19.40 SVMC, Alternative Residential Development Options. G. Dwelling, townhouse. Townhouse dwelling units shall comply with the provisions of chapter 19.40 SVMC, Alternative Residential Development Options. H. Manufactured homes on individual lots. Manufactured homes on individual lots shall comply with the provisions of chapter 19.40 SVMC, Alternative Residential Development Options. Manufactured home park. Manufactured home shall comply with the provisions of chapter 19.40 SVMC, Alternative Residential Development Options. J. Recreational vehicles. 1. Recreational vehicles shall not be used as permanent or temporary dwelling units in any residential zone, except as permitted pursuant to chapter 19.40 SVMC; 2. A recreational vehicle shall not be parked within a required front yard setback for more than 15 consecutive days and not more than 30 days cumulative in any 12 consecutive months; and 3. Guests may park and/or occupy a recreational vehicle while visiting the occupants of a dwelling unit located on the same lot for not more than 30 days in one consecutive 12- month period. 29 19.65.140 Retail sales and service. A. Appliance sales/service. Retail appliance sales may be accessory in the I zone, only if manufactured and/or assembled on premises. B. Bakery, retail. Retail bakeries in the I zone are limited in floor area to 10 percent of the gross leasable floor area (GLFA) of the building, not to exceed 1,000 square feet. C. Building supply and home improvement store. Floor area limited to 50,000 square feet or less in the NC zone. D. Department/variety store. Department/variety stores are limited in floor area to 50,000 square feet or less in the NC zone. E. Equipment rental shop. In the P/OS zone, equipment rental shops shall be permitted as an accessory use. F. Food sales, specialty/butcher shop/meat market/specialty foods. Specialty/butcher shop/meat market/specialty foods stores shall be limited to no more than 25,000 square feet of net retail space in the NC zone. G. Gift shop. Gift shops in the P/OS zone may be permitted as an accessory use only. H. Grocery store. Grocery stores shall be limited to no more than 25,000 square feet of net retail space in the NC zone. Hardware store. Floor area limited to 50,000 square feet or less in the NC zone. J. Market, outdoor. Outdoor markets shall be the only outright permitted retail sales and service use in the P/OS zone. K. Secondhand store/consignment sales. Secondhand store/consignment sales shall have frontage on an arterial with a minimum floor area of 15,000 square feet. Such uses shall be limited to a single tenant. 19.65.150 Transportation. A. Battery charging station. Battery charging stations are allowed only as accessory to a permitted use in the R-1, R-2, R-3, and P/OS zones. 19.65.160 Vehicle services. A. Car wash. Car washes are limited to a single bay in the NC zone. B. Fueling station. Fueling stations are only permitted as an accessory use in the NC zone. 19.65.170 Warehouse, wholesale, and freight movement. A. Storage, general indoor. 1. General indoors storage is only permitted as an accessory use in the NC zone. 2. In the NC zone, all storage shall be within an enclosed building, except that retail products which are for sale or rental may be displayed outdoors during business hours 30 only, so long as the display does not occur within any required border easement, drainage swale or easement, clearview triangle, or public right-of-way. B. Storage, general outdoor. 1. Outdoor storage areas shall be paved. 2. In the RC zone, outdoor storage shall be screened by a sight-obscuring fence pursuant to SVMC 22.70.070(C)(1); except that no screening is required for the following: a. Retail products which are for sale or rental and displayed outdoors during business hours only, so long as the display does not occur within any required border easement, drainage swale or easement, clearview triangle, or public right- of-way. b. Vehicles, machinery, and other similar items normally displayed for sale, lease, or rent may be displayed if these items are in working condition and not placed within border easements or public right-of-way. 3. In the MU and CMU zones, outdoor storage shall be screened by a sight-obscuring fence pursuant to SVMC 22.70.070(C)(1); except that no screening is required for the following: Retail products which are for sale or rental and displayed outdoors during business hours only, so long as the display does not occur within any required border easement, drainage swale or easement, clearview triangle, or public right-of-way. C. Tank storage, critical material above ground. Tank storage shall comply with the provisions of SVMC 21.40.060 through SVMC 21.40.063. D. Tank storage, critical material below ground. Tank storage shall comply with the provisions of SVMC 21.40.060 through SVMC 21.40.063. E. Tank storage, LPG above ground. Tank storage shall comply with the provisions of SVMC 21.40.060 through SVMC 21.40.063. 19.65.180 Uncategorized uses. A. Home Businesses. The following supplemental regulations apply to all home businesses. 1. Applicability. Any person, group, or entity conducting a "for profit" enterprise from a location whose primary use is a residence shall obtain a home business permit. A home business may only be established in a residence that has been legally permitted. Businesses may be exempt from the home business permit fee, as established by the master fee schedule, if all of the following criteria are met: a. There are no proposed exterior alterations to the residence or any accessory structure(s)which change the residential character of the property; b, Goods and commodities associated with the business are not delivered to the premises; c. There are no business customers visiting the premises; d. There are no signs or window displays on the property related to the business; and 31 e. Any employee(s) engaged in the business shall live in the residence. 2. Home businesses are permitted as accessory uses, except as indicated by SVMC 19.65.180(A)(3) incidental to the property's primary use as a residence, subject to the following requirements: a. Business owner shall be primary resident; b. Property shall retain a residential appearance and character; c. All storage shall be enclosed within the residence or accessory structure; d. There shall be a limit of two employees not residing on the premises engaged in the home business; e. One unlighted sign placed flush against the exterior wall of the primary structure not exceeding four square feet in area is permitted; f. There shall be no window display nor shall sample commodities with the exception of flowers and produce grown on the premises be displayed outside the building(s); g. The hours of operation are limited to 7:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m.; h. The home business use shall not create electronic interference including, but not limited to, interference with radio, satellite reception, telephone, or television reception, nor generate measurable levels at the property line of noise, dust, smoke, odor, or glare. The business activity shall not generate solid waste in volume or type which is not normally associated with residential use unless specifically permitted; Loading docks and mechanical loading devices are not permitted; j. Traffic or parking of vehicles shall not be generated in greater volumes than normally expected in a residential neighborhood. Parking shall be accommodated within the required off-street parking on private property; and k. Uses which are detrimental to the existing residential appearance and character are not allowed as home businesses. 3. Specific uses which are not permitted as home businesses include, but are not limited to, the following: a. Adult retail use establishment; b. Adult bookstore or adult entertainment establishment; c. Auto repair; d. Auto body repair; e. Cabinet making; f. Kennel or stables; 32 g. Large appliance/electronics or equipment repair or service; h. Manufacturing and/or related storage; Restaurants/drinking establishments; j. Small engine repair; k. Truck hauling and/or tow storage yard; Vehicle sales; m. Welding or metal plating shops; and n. Wholesale or retail sales. B. In-ground swimming pool. The vertical wall of all in-ground swimming pools shall be located behind the front yard setback and at least five feet from all other property lines. All pools shall be secured in accordance with the requirements of the Title 24 SVMC. Temporary fencing is required during excavation. Chapter 19.70 DENSITY AND DIMENSIONS Sections: 19.70.010 Purpose. 19.70.020 Residential standards. 19.70.030 Mixed-use and nonresidential standards. 19.70.040 Setback designation and measurement. 19.70.050 Additional standards. 19.70.010 Purpose. The purpose of chapter 19.70 SVMC is to establish density, dimensional, and design standards to define the buildable area, provide flexibility in project design, and maintain compatibility between adjacent uses. 19.70.020 Residential standards. Residential development shall meet the standards shown in Table 19.70-1. Standards for alternate residential development are set forth in chapter 19.40 SVMC, Alternative Residential Development Options and standards for planned residential developments are set forth in chapter 19.50 SVMC, Planned Residential Developments. Table 19.70-1 — Residential standards R-1 R-2 R-3 MFR(') Front and Flanking Street Yard 35' 15' 15' 15' Setback Garage Setback(2) 35' 20' 20' 20' Minimum Rear Yard Setback 20' 20' 10' 10' Side Yard Setback 5' 5' 5' 5' Open Space N/A N/A N/A 10% gross 33 R-1 R-2 R-3 MFR(1) area(3) Lot Size(4) 40,000 sq. 10,000 sq. 5,000 sq. ft. N/A Lot Coverage 30.0% 50.0% 50.0% 60.0% Maximum Density 1 du/ac 4 du/ac 6 du/ac 22 du/ac Building Height(5) 35' 35' 35' 50' (1) Where MFR abuts R-1, R-2, or R-3 zones, development shall comply with the provisions of chapter 19.75 SVMC, Transitional Regulations. (2) Attached garages, where the garage door does not face the street, may have the same setback as the primary structure. Open space requirement does not apply to single-family development in the MFR zone. (3) In the CMU and MU zones, multifamily development shall provide open space pursuant to SVMC 19.70.050(G). Single-family residential development in the MFR zone shall have a minimum lot (4) size of 2,000 square feet per dwelling unit. Only one single-family dwelling shall be allowed per lot. (5) The vertical distance from the average finished grade to the average height of the highest roof surface. 19.70.030 Mixed-use and nonresidential standards. A. Development in the RC, CMU, MU, IMU, and I zones shall meet the requirements set forth in Title 24 SVMC and chapter 19.75 SVMC, Transitional Regulations. B. Nonresidential development in the NC zone adjacent to residential uses shall comply with the following dimensional standards: 1. Maximum building height of 35 feet; 2. Minimum front yard setback of 15 feet; 3. Minimum side yard setback of 10 feet; and 4. Minimum rear yard setback of 10 feet. 19.70.040 Setback designation and measurement. A. Except as provided in SVMC 19.70.040(B), each lot shall contain only one front setback and only one rear setback. Any other setback shall be considered a side setback. B. Where lots have double frontage, running through from one street to another, the required front yard shall be provided on both streets. C. The Director is authorized to designate front, rear, and side setbacks. In situations where the Director cannot establish a front and rear setback due to the orientation of the lot, the Director shall establish these setbacks based upon orientation of the lot as compared to surrounding lots and to any existing development pattern. All other setbacks shall be defined in relation to the established front and rear setback. 34 D. The setback shall be measured from the property line unless there is a border easement. In which case, the setback shall be measured from the border easement. E. Setbacks, when adjacent to a private street or driveway easement, shall be measured from the inner edges of the street or driveway and are established pursuant to Table 19.70-1 except the flanking street which is five feet. 19.70.050 Additional standards. A. Structure intrusions into setbacks are prohibited except: 1. The ordinary projections of window sills, belt courses, cornices, and other architectural features projecting not more than 12 inches and roof eaves projecting not more than 24 inches. 2. Minor features of a structure, such as chimneys, fire escapes, bay windows no more than 12 feet long and which cantilever beyond the foundation of the structure, uncovered stairways, wheelchair ramps, and uncovered decks or balconies, may extend into a required setback up to 20 percent of the depth of the setback. However, these features may not be within three feet of a lot line when a setback is required. 3. Attached mechanical equipment such as heat pumps, air conditioners, emergency generators, and water pumps are allowed to project not more than 24 inches into the side or rear setback only. 4. Fences that meet the requirements set forth in SVMC 22.70.020. 5. Walkways and driveways, including parking in the driveway, are allowed in the front yard setback of R-1, R-2, and R-3 zones only. 6. Canopies, marquees, awnings, and similar features in mixed-use or nonresidential zones may fully extend into a front yard setback subject to the requirements of Title 24 SVMC. B. Supporting member of any garage, carport, portable carport, or other automobile storage structure shall not be located within the required front yard. C. Accessory structures shall not be erected within five feet of any rear or side property line, or be located within the front yard or any public or private easement. D. Where applicable, structures shall not be erected to a height in excess of that permitted by SVMC 19.110.030, Airport hazard overlay. E. In R-1, R-2, and R-3 zones, cooling towers, roof gables, chimneys, and vent stacks may extend for an additional height, not to exceed 40 feet, above the average finished grade of the building. Water stand pipes and tanks, church steeples, domes and spires, and school buildings and institutional buildings may be erected to exceed maximum height requirements; provided, that one additional foot shall be added to the width and depth of front, side, and rear yards for each foot that such structures exceed the required height. F. Open space required pursuant to Table 19.70-1 shall be accessible to all residential units and shall be suitable for active and passive recreational purposes, subject to the following: 1. The required open space area shall not include required yards, parking areas, required landscaped areas, stormwater facilities, or required spacing between structures; 35 2. The amount of open space may be reduced by up to 25 percent where at least two of the following amenities are provided: a. Play or sports courts; b. Playgrounds with equipment; c. Trails or pedestrian walkways not required for access to residential units or parking areas; d. Swimming pools; e. Gazebos; or f. Clubhouses; 3. The required open space shall not be reduced by more than 50 percent. G. In mixed-use zoning districts, projects with residential components shall provide 210 square feet of open space per dwelling unit conforming to the requirements of SVMC 19.70.050(F) and eligible for reduction for improvements on the same basis; provided, that: 1. The requirement does not apply to the development of less than 10 new dwelling units; 2. Additional open space is not required for residential development located within 1,300 feet of a public park; and 3. A fee in lieu of land dedication may be assessed for the development of public parks and open spaces to meet the needs of the residents of the mixed-use zoning districts. Council will determine this assessment and review it on an annual basis. H. Residential development in nonresidential zones shall comply with the density and dimensional standards of the MFR zone in Table 19.70-1, except single-family development in the NC zone, which shall comply with the density and dimensional standards of the adjacent single-family residential zone. Where the NC zone abuts multiple single-family residential zones, the zone with the higher density shall apply. Where there are no single-family residential adjacencies to the NC zone, the density and dimensional standards of the R-2 zone shall apply. New development exceeding three stories in height shall be served by paved service lanes that are at least 16 feet in width. J. The following design standards apply to all outdoor lighting in residential zones: 1. All new development shall provide lighting within parking lots, along pedestrian walkways, and accessible routes of travel. 2. Lighting fixtures shall be limited to heights of no more than 24 feet for parking lots and no more than 16 feet for pedestrian walkways. 3. All lighting shall be shielded from producing off-site glare, either through exterior shields or through optical design inside the fixture, and shall not emit light above 90 degrees. 4. Street lighting installed by the City or other public utilities is exempt from SVMC 19.70.050(J). 36 K. Principal or accessory structures shall not be located within the clearview triangle pursuant to chapter 22.70 SVMC. Chapter 19.75 TRANSITIONAL REGULATIONS Sections: 19.75.010 Purpose. 19.75.020 Applicability. 19.75.030 Transitional regulations. 19.75.040 Ground level transitional use limitations. 19.75.010 Purpose. The purpose of chapter 19.75 SVMC is to establish transitional development regulations along zoning district boundaries, specifically where properties of more intensive zoning abut less intensively-zoned properties. 19.75.020 Applicability. A. General. 1. The ground level setback requirements shall apply to any portion of a property located in the: a. MFR, RC, CMU, or MU zone that abuts a property located in the R-1, R-2, or R- 3; or b. I or IMU zone that abuts any property not zoned I or IMU. 2. The upper level setback requirements shall apply to any portion of a property located in the MFR, RC, CMU, MU, I, or IMU zones. 3. Nonresidential development in the NC zone adjacent to residential zones shall comply with the provisions of SVMC 19.70.030(B). B. Exemptions. Wireless communications facilities are not subject to chapter 19.75 SVMC. C. The application of transitional regulations may be modified by the Director consistent with chapter 19.75 SVMC. 19.75.030 Transitional regulations. A. General. The transition shall be provided in the form of a ground level setback of 10 feet, or the applicable setback pursuant to chapter 19.70 SVMC, Density and Dimensions, whichever is greater, and an upper level setback as provided in SVMC 19.75.030(A)(2) and illustrated in Figure 19.75-1. 1. All transitional ground level setback areas shall be landscaped pursuant to the provisions of SVMC 22.70.070. 2. Upper level setback calculation. 37 a. Starting at a height of 15 feet at the boundary of an R-1, R-2, or R-3 zone, the building height may be increased at a ratio of one foot of height for every one foot of horizontal distance from the nearest R-1, R-2, or R-3 zone boundary. Figure 19.75-1 provides a graphic illustration of this requirement. b. Where the protected zone boundary is the centerline of a right-of-way, the horizontal distance calculation in SVMC 19.75.030(A)(2)(a)shall be measured from the property line of the zone providing protection. Figure 19.75-1 provides a graphic illustration of this requirement. Figure 19.75-1 �I 1 I zI t LiI m 1 •4\ 45' a 1 �� ���� 35' \) -E' m 01I 25' 15' i f Protected Zones 10'min. Zones Providing Protection setback B. The following regulations shall apply to the ground level transitional setback areas: 1. Outdoor sales, outdoor seating, or outdoor displays or signage are prohibited within 30 feet of any R-1, R-2, or R-3 zone. 2. Parking, drive aisles, and/or queuing areas in the RC, CMU, MU, IMU, and I zones are prohibited within 20 feet of any R-1, R-2, or R-3 zone. All parking and drive aisles shall be landscaped and screened pursuant to SVMC 22.70.050 and SVMC 22.70.070. 3. Loading areas in the RC, CMU, MU, IMU, and I zones are prohibited within 30 feet of any R-1, R-2, or R-3 zone. 4. Any mechanical equipment, building vents, and exhausts within the transitional setback areas shall be visually screened pursuant to SVMC 22.70.070. All building vents and mechanical equipment exhausts shall be directed away from adjacent R-1, R-2, or R-3 zone. 5. All outdoor lighting in the transitional setback areas shall be shielded and not produce off- site glare pursuant to SVMC 22.60.030 and shall be limited to 16 feet in height above grade. 19.75.040 Ground level transitional use limitations. A. In the MFR zone ground level transitional setback areas, only the following uses are permitted: 38 1. Open space and landscaping. 2. Outdoor recreation areas accessory to residential uses. 3. Parking and parking structures. 4. Club houses. B. In the ground level transitional setback areas of RC, CMU and MU zones, only the following uses are permitted: 1. Open space and landscaping. 2. Pedestrian pathways. 3. Outdoor recreation areas accessory to permitted uses on site. C. In the ground level transitional setback areas of the I and IMU zones, the following uses are prohibited within 20 feet of a NC, RC, CMU, or MU zone: 1. Agriculture and animal uses located outside of an enclosed building; 2. Heavy industrial uses conducted outside of an enclosed building; 3. Warehouse, wholesale and freight movement uses outside of an enclosed building; and 4. Transportation uses located outside of an enclosed building. D. In the ground level transitional setback areas of the I and IMU zones, the following uses are prohibited within 30 feet of a R-1, R-2, R-3, or MFR zone: 1. Agriculture and animal uses; 2. Heavy industrial uses; 3. Warehouse, wholesale and freight movement uses outside of an enclosed building; 4. Transportation uses located outside of an enclosed building; and 5. Outdoor storage accessory to any of the above uses unless visually screened pursuant to SVMC 22.70.070. Chapter 19.80 ADULT USES Sections: 19.80.010 Purpose. 19.80.020 License required. 19.80.030 Adult use development standards. 19.80.010 Purpose. s-n-=-s-n..-=-.s-n..-=-.s-n -.s-n..-=-.s-n-=-s-n-=-s-n-=-s-n-=-s-n-=----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- In the development and adoption of chapter 19.80 SVMC, the City recognized that there are adult entertainment uses which, due to their very nature, have serious objectionable operational characteristics, particularly when located in close proximity to residential neighborhoods and schools, thereby having a 39 deleterious impact upon the quality of life in the surrounding areas. It has been acknowledged by courts and communities across the nation that state and local governmental entities have a special concern in regulating the operation of such businesses under their jurisdiction to ensure the adverse secondary effects of the establishments are minimized. Chapter 19.80 SVMC is intended to protect the general public health, safety, and welfare through the regulation of the operations and licensing of the adult entertainment devices, premises, and personnel of adult entertainment establishments. The provisions of chapter 19.80 SVMC have neither the purpose nor effect of imposing a limitation or restriction on the content of any constitutionally-protected, sexually- oriented, or explicit communicative materials, or communicative performances. The regulations set forth herein are intended to prevent and control health, safety, and welfare issues, the decline in neighborhood conditions in and around adult entertainment establishments, and to prevent dangerous and unlawful conduct associated with these facilities. Chapter 19.80 SVMC may not be construed as permitting or promoting obscene conduct or materials. 19.80.020 License required. Licensing requirements for adult uses are contained in chapter 5.10 SVMC, Adult Entertainment Establishments. 19.80.030 Adult use development standards. A. There shall be five existing acres of contiguous (includes across streets)zoning classified Regional Commercial. B. The use shall be located or maintained at least 1,000 feet from the nearest property line of the use listed in SVMC 19.80.030(6)(1-6). Distance shall be measured from the nearest property line of the adult retail use establishment or adult entertainment establishment(s)to the nearest property line of the following pre-existing uses: 1. Public library; 2. Public playground or park; 3. Public or private school and its grounds of kindergarten to twelfth grade; 4. Nursery school, mini-day care center, or day care center; 5. Church, convent, monastery, synagogue, or other place of religious worship; 6. Another adult use subject to the provisions of SVMC 19.80.030. C. An adult retail use establishment or adult entertainment establishment(s) shall not be located within 1,000 feet of an urban growth area boundary or within 1,000 feet of any of the following zones: 1. R-1, Single-Family Residential Estate; 2. R-2, Single-Family Residential Suburban; 3. R-3, Single-Family Residential; 4. MFR, Multifamily Residential; 5. MU, Mixed Use; 6. CMU, Corridor Mixed Use; or 40 7. NC, Neighborhood Commercial. Chapter 19.85 MARIJUANA USES Sections: 19.85.010 Marijuana production standards. 19.85.020 Marijuana processing standards. 19.85.030 Marijuana retail sales standards. 19.85.040 Other licensed or registered marijuana uses prohibited. 19.85.050 Marijuana production and processing in residential zones. 19.85.010 Marijuana production standards. A. Marijuana production shall be located or maintained at least 1,000 feet from the nearest property line, measured from the nearest property line of the marijuana production facility to the nearest property line of any one or more of the following uses: 1. Vacant or undeveloped parcels owned by public school districts as established in Title 28A RCW; 2. Vacant or undeveloped parcels owned by public library districts as established in chapter 27.12 RCW; 3. Vacant or undeveloped parcels leased or owned by the City; provided the following shall be excluded from consideration under SVMC 19.85.010: a. Any stormwater facility or right-of-way parcels owned or leased by the City and designated or identified as a stormwater facility or right-of-way in any document, plan, or program adopted by the Council; and b. The Appleway Trail; or 4. a. Any facility or building designated or identified in any document, plan, or program adopted by the Council as "Spokane Valley City Hall" or other similar term that identifies such facilities or buildings as the City's primary administrative and legislative location; or b. CenterPlace. B. Marijuana production in the RC zone shall only be permitted indoors. 19.85.020 Marijuana processing standards. A. Marijuana processing shall be located or maintained at least 1,000 feet from the nearest property line, measured from the nearest property line of the marijuana processing facility to the nearest property line of any one or more of the following uses: 1. Vacant or undeveloped parcels owned by public school districts as established in Title 28A RCW; 2. Vacant or undeveloped parcels owned by public library districts as established in chapter 27.12 RCW; 41 3. Vacant or undeveloped parcels leased or owned by the City; provided the following shall be excluded from consideration under SVMC 19.85.020: a. Any stormwater facility or right-of-way parcels owned or leased by the City and designated or identified as a stormwater facility or right-of-way in any document, plan, or program adopted by the City; and b. The Appleway Trail; or 4. a. Any facility or building designated or identified in any document, plan, or program adopted by the City as "Spokane Valley City Hall" or other similar term that identifies such facilities or buildings as the City's primary administrative and legislative location; or b. CenterPlace. B. Marijuana processing in the RC zone shall be limited to packaging and labeling of usable marijuana. 19.85.030 Marijuana retail sales standards. A. New marijuana sales shall not be permitted within any zoning districts. B. Marijuana sales uses in existence and in continuous and lawful operation prior to July 27, 2016, shall not be deemed nonconforming and shall be permitted as a legal use subject to the following: marijuana sales shall be located or maintained at least 1,000 feet from the nearest property line, measured from the nearest property line of the marijuana sales facility to the nearest property line of any one or more of the following uses: 1. Centennial Trail; 2. Appleway Trail; 3. Vacant or undeveloped parcels owned by public school districts as established in Title 28A RCW; 4. Vacant or undeveloped parcels owned by public library districts as established in chapter 27.12 RCW; 5. Vacant or undeveloped parcels leased or owned by the City; provided any stormwater facility or right-of-way parcels owned or leased by the City and designated or identified as a stormwater facility or right-of-way in any document, plan, or program adopted by the Council shall be excluded from consideration under SVMC 19.85.030; or 6. a. Any facility or building designated or identified in any document, plan, or program adopted by the Council as "Spokane Valley City Hall" or other similar term that identifies such facilities or buildings as the City's primary administrative and legislative location; or b. CenterPlace. 19.85.040 Other licensed or registered marijuana uses prohibited. Marijuana production, marijuana processing, and existing marijuana sales shall be permitted pursuant to SVMC 19.85.010, SVMC 19.85.020, and SVMC 19.85.030. All other commercial and non-commercial licensed or registered marijuana uses are prohibited within all zoning districts of the City. This prohibition 42 includes, but is not limited to, marijuana clubs or lounges and marijuana cooperatives. This prohibition does not apply to home growing or processing of marijuana by qualified patients or designated providers in residential zoning districts as set forth in SVMC 19.85.050 and in compliance with state law. 19.85.050 Marijuana production and processing in residential zones. Washington state law authorizes qualified patients and designated providers to produce marijuana and to process marijuana in dwellings, residences, domiciles, and similar housing units under limited circumstances and with limited processing methods. Subject to applicable federal, state, and local laws, any owner, lessor, or leasing agent may request or require disclosure of a renter or lessee's desire to produce or process marijuana within a rented or leased dwelling unit. In addition to compliance with any applicable state or federal laws and regulations, lawful production or processing of marijuana by any person in a dwelling, residence, domicile, or other similar housing unit shall be subject to all locally- applicable land use, development, zoning, and building regulation requirements including, but not limited to, all applicable requirements set forth in Titles 17 through 24 SVMC as the same are now adopted or hereafter amended, and the following regulations: A. Any home production or processing of marijuana by any person pursuant to state law shall not be permitted outside of the dwelling or accessory structure; B. Any home production or processing of marijuana by any person or allowed by state law in a dwelling or accessory structure shall be enclosed, blocked, or sight-screened from the public right-of-way and from adjacent properties so that no portion may be readily seen by normal unaided vision or readily smelled from such locations. Accessory structures shall be permanent structures enclosed by a roof and walls on all sides and connected to a permanent foundation. For purposes of SVMC 19.85.050, accessory structures shall not include cargo containers, recreational vehicles, or other similar types of structures. Accessory structures shall be completely opaque in addition to necessary site-screening; C. Home processing of marijuana shall not involve any combustible method and shall comply with all federal, state, and local laws and rules, including all standards adopted by the Washington State Liquor and Cannabis Board; and D. Production or processing of marijuana by any person pursuant to state law in a dwelling or accessory structure shall only be allowed in the R-1, R-2, and R-3 zones. Chapter 19.90 ESSENTIAL PUBLIC FACILITIES (EPFs) Sections: 19.90.010 Facilities of regional/statewide significance. 19.90.020 Local siting procedures. 19.90.010 Facilities of regional/statewide significance. The City is signatory to an interlocal agreement relating to the siting of EPFs of statewide and regional significance in accordance with RCW 36.70A.200. A. EPFs having statewide significance are major facilities that provide a needed public service affecting, or potentially affecting, residents and/or property located in two or more Washington state counties and may be included on the Washington State Office of Financial Management list of EPFs. These facilities include, but are not limited to, regional transportation facilities, such as commercial and military airports; freeways, highways, and beltways; state correctional facilities; secure community transitional facilities; state social services; state parks; and state higher educational facilities. 43 B. EPFs having regional/countywide significance are local or interlocal facilities providing a needed public service affecting, or potentially affecting, residents and/or property located in two or more Spokane County jurisdictions. They include, but are not limited to, general aviation airports; county correctional facilities; regional transportation system; public transit maintenance and operational facilities; regional solid waste disposal/recycling/composting/handling facilities; community colleges; regional wastewater treatment facilities; arenas, stadiums, and other entertainment facilities; and regional social and health services such as in-patient hospitals, mental health facilities, and substance abuse treatment centers. Chapter 19.60 SVMC, Permitted Uses, identifies those facilities subject to the regional/statewide siting process. C. Application for EPF siting shall be made through the Spokane County department of planning and building in accordance with the adopted procedures of Spokane County. D. Following ranking of sites by the board of county commissioners, the applicant shall work directly with the City to meet the regulatory requirements for the construction and operation of the facility under the plans and regulations that were in effect at the time of initial application under the regional siting process. E. All EPFs located within the City require approval of a conditional use permit pursuant to chapter 19.150 SVMC, Conditional Use Permits. F. Spokane Valley shall require EPFs approved through the regional process to meet all local requirements except those expressly obviated as a result of the process. The City shall consider all information submitted as part of the regional siting process. 19.90.020 Local siting procedures. EPFs having local significance are facilities providing a needed public service affecting, or potentially affecting, only residents and/or property within the jurisdiction in which they are located. The City includes such facilities in the Comprehensive Plan as "community facilities," including, but not limited to, fire stations, police stations, child care facilities, public libraries, community parks, recreation facilities, community centers, local social services, and elementary, middle, and high schools. Chapter 19.100 HISTORIC PRESERVATION (Reserved) Chapter 19.110 SPECIAL OVERLAY ZONES Sections: 19.110.010 Repealed. 19.110.020 Repealed. 19.110.030 Airport hazard overlay. 19.110.040 Pipeline hazard overlay. 19.110.010 Repealed. Repealed by Ord. 16-_ 19.110.020 Repealed. Repealed by Ord. 11-010. 44 19.110.030 Airport hazard overlay. A. Purpose and Intent. The purpose and intent of the Airport Hazard Overlay(AO) zone is to reduce the potential for airport hazards, because: 1. Airport hazards endanger the lives and property of users of landing fields and persons in the vicinity of Felts Field; 2. Airspace obstructions and incompatible land uses impair the utility of an airport and diminish the value of the public investment therein; and 3. Preventing the creation or establishment of incompatible land uses and airport hazards protects the public health, safety, and general welfare, and promotes the most appropriate use of land. B. Applicability. The AO zone applies to areas surrounding Felts Field, as established herein. Chapter 19.110 SVMC shall apply to all lands, buildings, structures, natural features, and uses located within the AO zoning district as depicted on the maps, except that the provisions of chapter 19.110 SVMC shall not apply to any use that is defined as an aviation use. All uses and activities are at all times subject to the underlying zoning district. Where the requirements and restrictions imposed by the AO zone conflict with the requirements of the underlying zoning district, the more restrictive requirement shall apply. rt.-F-4'11%4 d-0) IICIAMOCk SWAM iso move!mums) wow emposicyl CONICAL&WAIN too i:kv Y' r? F� 1045 C. Air Hazard Height Restrictions. Except as otherwise provided herein, no building or structure shall be erected, altered, or maintained so as to project or otherwise penetrate the Federal Aviation Regulations Part 77 airspace surfaces shown on the Airport Hazard Map attached to the ordinance codified in SVMC 19.110.030 and made a part hereof for all purposes. Such applicable height limitations are hereby established for each of the zones as follows: 45 1. Primary Surface. A surface longitudinally centered on a runway. The primary surface extends 200 feet beyond each end of the runway and is 1,000 feet wide. The elevation of any point on the primary surface is the same as the elevation of the nearest point on the runway centerline. 2. Precision Instrument Runway Approach Zone. Slopes 50 feet outward for each foot upward beginning at the end of and at the same elevation as the primary surface and extending to a horizontal distance of 10,000 feet along the extended runway centerline; thence slopes upward 40 feet horizontally for each foot vertically to an additional horizontal distance of 40,000 feet along the extended runway centerline. 3. Transitional Zones. Slopes seven feet outward for each foot upward beginning at the sides of and at the same elevation as the primary surface and the approach surface, and extending to a height of 150 feet above the airport elevation which is 1,952 feet above mean sea level. In addition to the foregoing, there are established height limits sloping seven feet outward for each foot upward beginning at the sides of and at the same elevation as the approach surface and extending to where they intersect the conical surface. Where the precision instrument runway approach zone projects beyond the conical zone, there are established height limits sloping seven feet outward for each foot upward beginning at the sides of and at the same elevation as the approach surface, and extending a horizontal distance of 5,000 feet measured at 90-degree angles to the extended runway centerline. 4. Horizontal Zone. Established at 150 feet above the airport elevation or at a height of 2,102 feet above mean sea level. 5. Conical Zone. Slopes 20 feet outward for each foot upward beginning at the periphery of the horizontal zone and at 150 feet above the airport elevation and extending to a height of 350 feet above the airport elevation. A I�I I,I I II 1 SI? SURFACE 5LOf E KEY rt'u,� LEG..a• a[a TI i ti VIIINIOarrIAllin ul Main 46 D. Height Exceptions. Structures shall not be constructed, altered, or maintained in the regulated air space area except as follows: 1. Any structure or object that would be shielded by existing structures of a permanent and substantial character or by natural terrain or topographic features of equal or greater height; 2. Any air navigation facility, airport visual approach or landing aid, aircraft arresting device, or meteorological device, of a type approved by the FAA with a fixed location and height; and 3. Structures necessary and incidental to airport operations. E. Airport Land Use Restrictions. The six airport land use compatibility zones established by the WSDOT Division of Aviation guidelines are based on federal aviation accident data from the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB)and are shown on the airport land use compatibility zone map attached to the ordinance codified in SVMC 19.110.030 and made a part hereof for all purposes. 1. Prohibited Uses in All Airport Land Use Compatibility Zones. a. Any use that creates or causes interference with the operations of radio or electronic facilities at the airport or with radio or electronic communications between airport and aircraft; b. Any use or lighting that impairs a pilot's ability to distinguish between airport lights and other lights, or that creates glare affecting pilot vision, or otherwise impairs visibility in the vicinity of the airport. All lighting shall be "cut-down" and fully shielded; c. Any use that endangers the landing, taking off, or maneuvering of aircraft; d. Any use which attracts birds in any manner affecting airport operations such as garbage, recycling, and stormwater facilities; e. Special function land uses for which the significant common element is the relative inability of the people occupying the space to move out of harm's way such as K— 12 schools, hospitals, nursing homes, and other similar uses; f. High intensity land uses which are characterized by a potential to attract dense concentrations of persons to an indoor or outdoor area, even for a limited period of time. Such uses include: Amusement parks and fairgrounds; ii. Box retail; iii. Convention/exhibit halls, major auditoriums, and theaters; iv. Stadiums and arenas; v. Temporary events attracting dense concentrations of people—fairs, circuses, carnivals, revival meetings, sports tournaments, conventions, but not including events for which exposure to aviation safety hazard is a well-known expectation (air shows, airport open houses, pilot meetings, etc.). 47 2. Land uses in airport land use compatibility zones are further regulated as follows: Table 19-110-1 —Airport Land Use Compatibility Prohibited Uses Airport Land Use Compatibility Zones Prohibited Uses 1 2 3 4 5 6a 6b Single-Family • Residential Maximum Density ** n/a n/a 1 du/5 1 du/2.5 n/a 1 du/2.5 acres or 1 du/2.5 acres or acres acres underlying zoneoa)(2) underlying zone0a-02) Manufactured Housing ••• Parks Multi-family Residential ••• Schools ••• Parks and ••• Playgrounds Hospitals ••• Nursing Homes ••• Day Care ••• Churches ••• Hazardous Materials • Storage Flammable Materials • Storage Incinerators ••• Overhead Utilities ••• High Intensity Uses • • Prohibited Uses ** Density Limited (1) Must comply with a minimum of one of the following criteria: a. The site had water or sewer stubs installed for future development prior to the adoption of the City initial airport hazard overlay regulations on February 28, 2006, by Ordinance No. 06-002; b. Consistent with adjacent(not across public rights-of-way) property sizes for proposed development; or c. More than one residence is located on a property, excluding any residence used at one time for a dependent relative, may develop property consistent with underlying zoning to make conforming. (2)All final short subdivisions and final subdivisions located within Zone 6 of the AO shall contain the following dedication language on the face of the plat: "These lots are located in an Airport Hazard Overlay that may be subject to increased noise levels." 48 3. Avigation easements/title notice/covenant shall be required as a condition of the issuance of any permit for construction, reconstruction, or expansion of any structure located within any airport land use compatibility zone. Airport Land Use Compatibility Zones 4 1,000' b 0 0 1 30' o 3 3 © 5 o 6 'q?, ,. 0 6 0 un 5 500' 6,000' 750' Source: California Airport Land Use Planning Handbook California Department of Transportation Division of Aeronautics, recommended by Washington Department of Transportation, Aviation Division. 4. Substantial noise impacts (over 65 Ldn) at Felts Field are confined to airport property. In the event of changed conditions authenticated by the Spokane Airport Board, the following uses will be prohibited within areas where noise levels exceed 65 Ldn: a. School. b. Church. c. Hospital. d. Manufactured home park. e. Child day care center. f. Nursing home. g. Parks and playgrounds. 5. Nothing in chapter 19.110 SVMC shall diminish the responsibility of project proponents to submit a notice of construction or alteration to the FAA if required in accordance with Federal Aviation Regulations Part 77, "Objects Affecting Navigable Airspace." 49 F. Nonconforming Uses. 1. Regulations Not Retroactive. The regulations prescribed herein shall not be construed to require the change of use, nor the removal or alteration of any structure or tree not conforming to the regulations as of the effective date of the ordinance codified in chapter 19.110 SVMC; provided, however, that the owner of any existing nonconforming structure or tree is required to permit the installation, operation, and maintenance of such markers and lights as shall be deemed necessary by the Director of airport operations. 2. Nonconforming Uses Abandoned or Destroyed. Whenever the Director determines that a legal nonconforming tree or structure has been abandoned, destroyed, or damaged by more than 80 percent, no permit shall be issued or granted that would allow such use, structure or tree to exceed the applicable height limit or otherwise deviate from the zoning regulations. G. Permits and Variances. 1. No building permit shall be issued for any prohibited use, or for any structure or obstruction which exceeds the air hazard height restrictions adopted herein. 2. An application for a permit for the construction of a building, structure, use, subdivision, short subdivision, binding site plan, or other development located within the AO zone shall submit a site plan which includes the elevation of the site above mean sea level, and the height of any proposed structure. 3. Additional Notice. Any building permit or land use action including plats, short plats, subdivisions, and binding site plans within the AO zone shall contain the following notice: Notice is herein provided that this property is located within the Airport Hazard Overlay Zone of the City of Spokane Valley, Washington, and is subject to restriction on height and use pursuant to SVMC 19.110.030 Airport Hazard Overlay Zone as it may be amended from time to time. 4. Variances. Any person desiring to erect or increase the height of any structure, or permit the growth of any tree, or use of property, not in accordance with the regulations prescribed herein may apply to the Department for a variance; provided, however, that the application shall be accompanied by a determination from the FAA as to the effect of the proposal on the operation of air navigation facilities and the safe, efficient use of navigable airspace. A copy of the application shall be furnished to the Director of airport operations for review and comment. Final determination on the variance shall be made by the Hearing Examiner following notice and hearing. 19.110.040 Pipeline hazard overlay. The following regulations shall only apply to the pipeline facilities identified on the Zoning Map: A. The regulation of development, including construction, excavation or fill, or installation of roads and utilities is intended to ensure the health, safety, and welfare of citizens and the protection of private property. B. Pipeline hazard areas shall extend 500 feet from the centerline of any existing or future pipeline, whether or not such pipeline is located within a recorded easement or is included in a "blanket"or "open" easement. 50 C. The construction, excavation, fill, or installation of underground utilities or drainage facilities within the area of pipeline hazard shall require consultation with the pipeline operator prior to the issuance of any permit. If applicable, the pipeline operator shall identify the location and depth of cover required to protect the pipeline. D. No permanent or temporary accessory structures, retaining walls, patios, swimming pools, or on- site waste disposal systems shall be permitted within 25 feet of any pipeline. E. No permanent or temporary structures designed for human habitation or occupancy shall be located within 50 feet of any pipeline. F. Utility poles, guy wires, or anchors shall not be placed within 10 feet of the pipeline. G. For new construction, the City may require the lowering or relocation of the pipeline as a condition of the issuance of any permit. Chapter 19.120 Repealed Chapter 19.130 SITE PLAN REVIEW Sections: 19.130.010 Purpose. 19.130.020 Permit type. 19.130.030 Applicability. 19.130.040 Decision criteria. 19.130.050 Conditions. 19.130.010 Purpose. The purpose of chapter 19.130 SVMC is to ensure efficient and safe land development, compatible use of land, compliance with Title 22 SVMC, Design and Development Standards, and adequate water supply, drainage, and other utilities. 19.130.020 Permit type. Site plan review is classified as a Type I development application and shall be processed in accordance with SVMC 17.80.070. 19.130.030 Applicability. A building permit or land disturbing permit shall not be issued for the following unless a site plan review is approved or approved with conditions by the Department: A. Any land disturbing activity unless exempted pursuant to SVMC 24.50.020; B. Any commercial development; C. Any industrial development; D. Any multifamily development that includes three or more units; E. Any alternative residential development pursuant to SVMC 19.40.030; and F. Any development in single-family residential zones. 51 19.130.040 Decision criteria. Prior to approving any building or permit for land disturbing activities, the proposal shall: A. Conforms with all applicable provisions of the SVMC and all other applicable law; and B. Conforms to the conditions required by the Department, Hearing Examiner, or Council. 19.130.050 Conditions. The site plan shall be drawn to an acceptable scale and include all necessary information as required by the Department including, but not limited to landscape and lighting plans as required pursuant to chapter 22.070 SVMC and chapter 22.60 SVMC. Chapter 19.140 ADMINISTRATIVE EXCEPTIONS Sections: 19.140.010 Purpose. 19.140.020 Permit type. 19.140.030 Allowed exceptions. 19.140.040 Decision criteria. 19.140.010 Purpose. The purpose of chapter 19.140 SVMC is to allow for minor deviations from Code requirements. 19.140.020 Permit type. An administrative exception is classified as a Type I permit and shall be processed pursuant to SVMC 17.80.070. 19.140.030 Allowed exceptions. An administrative exception may be approved for the following when consistent with the criteria in SVMC19.140.040: A. Yard setback where the deviation is for 10 percent or less of the required yard. B. Building height where the deviation is for 10 percent or less of the maximum building height. Additional building height may be granted to the equivalent height of adjacent buildings in areas where the maximum building height is generally exceeded. C. Minimum lot area where the deviation is for 10 percent or less of the required lot area. D. Maximum building coverage where the deviation is for 10 percent or less of the maximum building coverage. E. Up to one-half of a private tower's impact area off of the applicant's property. F. Flanking street yard setbacks; provided that: 1. At the time the lot was legally created, it was zoned under a zoning classification of the pre-January 1, 1991, Spokane County zoning ordinance, and subsequently on January 1, 1991, a new zoning classification from the zoning code of Spokane County, Washington, was assigned to the lot; and 52 2. Any flanking yard setback deviation granted under this section shall not exceed the required flanking street setback standards of the pre-January 1, 1991, zoning classification of the subject property. G. Any improved property rendered nonconforming through voluntary dedication of right-of-way, the exercise of eminent domain proceedings or purchase of right-of-way by the City, county, state, or federal agency. H. Provisions in SVMC 20.20.090 that conflict with the intent of Title 19 SVMC as determined by the Director. 19.140.040 Decision criteria. The Director shall approve, approve with conditions, or deny administrative exceptions based on the following criteria: A. The administrative exception does not interfere with or negatively impact the operations of existing land uses and all legally permitted uses within the zoning district it occupies; B. The exception may not increase density beyond what is currently allowed within the zoning district; C. The exception shall not be contrary to conditions imposed by any other associated land use action, for example, a Hearing Examiner decision, or conditions associated with the applicable short plat approval; D. The exception shall not conflict with other local, state, or federal laws; and E. The exception does not adversely impact the public health, safety, and welfare within the City. Chapter 19.150 CONDITIONAL USE PERMITS Sections: 19.150.010 Purpose. 19.150.020 Permit type. 19.150.030 Decision criteria. 19.150.040 Conditions. 19.150.010 Purpose. The purpose of chapter 19.150 SVMC is to establish criteria for determining the conditions under which a use(s) is permitted within a zoning district. Certain uses are classified as conditional uses because of their size, infrequent occurrence, special requirements, possible safety hazards or detrimental effects on surrounding properties, and other similar reasons. A Conditional Use Permit(CUP) is subject to specific review during which additional conditions may be imposed to assure compatibility of the use with other uses in the vicinity. A request for a CUP may be denied where it cannot be clearly demonstrated that the requested use will be compatible with other permitted uses in the vicinity of the proposed conditional use. 19.150.020 Permit type. CUPs are classified as Type III permit applications and shall be processed pursuant to SVMC 17.80.070. 19.150.030 Decision criteria. A. A CUP may only be granted if the applicant demonstrates that: 53 1. The conditional use is consistent with the Comprehensive Plan and with the character and appearance of the existing or proposed development in the vicinity of the subject property; 2. The location, size, and height of buildings, structures, walls and fences, and visual screening for the conditional use shall not hinder or discourage the permitted development or use of neighboring properties; 3. Requested modifications to standards are limited to those which will mitigate impacts in a manner equal to or greater than the standards of this title; 4. The conditional use does not conflict with the health and safety of the community; 5. The proposed location does not result in the detrimental over-concentration of a particular use within the City or within the immediate area of the proposed use, unless the proposed use is deemed a public necessity; 6. The pedestrian and vehicular traffic associated with the use will not be hazardous or conflict with existing and anticipated traffic in the neighborhood; and 7. There are adequate public facilities or services to support the use and the use will not adversely affect public services to the surrounding area or conditions can be established to mitigate adverse impacts on such facilities. 19.150.040 Conditions. A. In approving a CUP, the Hearing Examiner may stipulate conditions including, but not limited to, the following: 1. Control of use; 2. Greater front, side, or rear yard setbacks than the minimum standards of the zoning district within which the subject property is located; 3. Special landscaping, screening, fencing, signing, off-street parking, public transit, and/or high occupancy vehicle facilities or any other general development standards; 4. Right-of-way or easement dedications and/or streets and drainage improvements necessary as a result of the proposed use; 5. Limited vehicular ingress and egress; 6. Control of noise, vibration, odor, glare, and other environmental considerations; 7. Restricted hours of operation; 8. Duration or time limitations for certain activities; and/or 9. Any other reasonable restrictions, conditions, or safeguards that will uphold the intent of the SVMC and the Comprehensive Plan and mitigate any adverse impact upon the adjacent properties by reason of use, extension, construction, or alteration allowed. B. A CUP may be suspended or revoked if, after a public hearing with notice as provided in SVMC 17.80.070, the Hearing Examiner finds that a grantee or their successors in interest fail to comply with the conditions or restrictions included in the CUP. 54 Chapter 19.160 TEMPORARY USE PERMITS Sections: 19.160.010 Purpose. 19.160.020 Permit type. 19.160.030 Applicability. 19.160.040 Decision criteria. 19.160.050 Conditions. 19.160.010 Purpose. The purpose of chapter 19.160 SVMC is to regulate certain temporary uses of property which are not otherwise regulated by other City ordinances or regulations. 19.160.020 Permit type. Temporary use permits (TUPs) are classified as a Type I permit and shall be processed pursuant to the provisions of SVMC 17.80.070. 19.160.030 Applicability. The Department may issue a TUP for the types of temporary uses as listed in SVMC 19.160.040. 19.160.040 Decision Criteria. A. Interim Uses. The Department may issue a TUP to allow an owner, developer, contractor, tenant, lessee, or other occupant to conduct an otherwise permitted use on their property at the same time they are improving the property to the required City standards pursuant to the following conditions: 1. The TUP may be issued for a period up to six months and may be extended for an additional three months if the applicant has acted in good faith towards compliance of the original permit. 2. The Department may issue the permit only if the proposed use is consistent with the following findings of fact: a. The request is reasonable and there is no other practical alternative; b. Adverse impacts associated with the temporary use are appropriately mitigated and such temporary use will not cause a hazard to the occupants or to neighboring properties; c. A hardship is involved that cannot otherwise be reasonably resolved; and d. A performance surety in the amount of any required improvements shall be posted guaranteeing the completion of the project. B. Seasonal Uses and Short-term Recreational and Economic Development Uses. The Department may issue a TUP to allow sales of seasonal goods in any nonresidential zone for a period not to exceed six months in any 12-month period. The use may not meet the standards normally associated with a permanent use if the Department finds that the temporary use is consistent with the following: 1. The use shall be consistent with the permitted uses in the zone; 55 2. The use shall be an appropriate use of the property pending the permanent long-term use; 3. The use shall not result in significant traffic, parking, drainage, fire protection, or other adverse impacts that cannot be appropriately mitigated; 4. The use shall provide a sanitary facility if the Department determines it is necessary to do so; and 5. Failure to comply with the conditions of the permit shall result in suspension or revocation of the TUP. C. Temporary Uses Associated with Construction Permits. The Department may issue a TUP for activities associated with construction projects including, but not limited to, equipment storage yards,job shacks, materials storage yards, or living quarters which are not otherwise permitted outright by City ordinances or regulations. The Department may issue a TUP if it finds the proposal is consistent with the following: 1. The use shall not pose a hazard or be a detriment to the surrounding area; 2. The use shall not result in significant traffic, parking, drainage, fire protection, or other adverse impacts; 3. The temporary use shall be reviewed every six months to determine if the temporary use is still valid, if not the Department shall terminate the TUP; and 4. The temporary use shall be vacated upon completion of the associated construction project or pursuant to SVMC19.160.030(C)(3). 19.160.050 Conditions. The Department may include any conditions deemed necessary in order to reasonably mitigate any adverse impacts anticipated from a requested TUP. Chapter 19.170 VARIANCES Sections: 19.170.010 Purpose. 19.170.020 Permit type. 19.170.030 Decision criteria. 19.170.040 Limitation on authority. 19.170.050 Time limitation. 19.170.060 Time extension. 19.170.010 Purpose. A purpose of chapter 19.170 SVMC is to provide a mechanism by which the City may grant relief from the provisions of the SVMC where practical difficulty renders compliance with the provisions of the SVMC an unnecessary hardship, where the hardship is a result of the physical characteristics of the subject property, and where the purpose of the SVMC and of the Comprehensive Plan can be fulfilled upon granting of the variance. 19.170.020 Permit type. Variances are classified as a Type III permit and shall be processed pursuant to the provisions of SVMC 17.80.070. 56 19.170.030 Decision criteria. The Hearing Examiner may approve, or approve with modifications, an application for a variance from the provisions of the SVMC if: A. The variance for the subject property does not constitute a grant of special privilege inconsistent with the limitation upon uses of other properties in the vicinity and the zone in which the property is located; B. The variance is necessary because of special circumstances relating to the size, shape, topography, location, or surroundings of the subject property, to provide it with use rights and privileges permitted to other properties in the vicinity and in the land use zone in which the subject property is located; C. The granting of the variance is not materially detrimental to the public welfare or injurious to the property or improvements in the vicinity and zone in which the subject property is located; D. The special circumstances of the subject property make the strict enforcement of the provisions of the SVMC an unnecessary hardship to the property owner; E. The special circumstances of the subject property are not the result of the actions of the applicant or a predecessor in interest; F. The variance is the minimum necessary to fulfill the purpose of a variance and the need of the applicant; G. The variance is consistent with the purpose and intent of the zoning Code; and H. The variance is in accord with the Comprehensive Plan. 19.170.040 Limitation on authority. The Hearing Examiner may not grant a variance to: A. The regulations establishing the allowable uses in each zoning district; B. Any procedural or administrative provisions of the SVMC; or C. Any provision of the zoning Code which, by the terms of that Code, is not subject to a variance. 19.170.050 Time limitation. A variance automatically expires and is void if the applicant fails to obtain a building permit or other necessary development permit and substantially completes improvements allowed by the variance within 18 months of the effective date of the variance. 19.170.060 Time extension. Upon application of the property owner, the Hearing Examiner may extend a variance, not to exceed one year, if: A. Unforeseen circumstances or conditions necessitate the extension of the variance; B. Termination of the variance would result in unreasonable hardship to the applicant, and the applicant is not responsible for the delay; and C. The extension of the variance will not cause substantial detriment to existing uses in the immediate vicinity of the subject property. 57 Chapter 19.180 Newly Annexed Areas Sections: 19.180.010 Newly annexed areas. 19.180.010 Newly annexed areas. Upon annexation of property, in the absence of a pre-established zoning designation therefor, the Council shall, within the annexation ordinance, establish an interim classification for the property on the City's Zoning Map. The interim zone shall be consistent with the annexation area's Comprehensive Plan designation. If an interim zoning district is established, it shall be in place no longer than 12 months unless otherwise provided by ordinance. The process for establishing an interim zoning district shall meet the requirements of RCW 36.70.795. For all property classified in the interim zone, the Department shall commence all steps necessary to establish an official zoning classification pursuant to the procedure described in SVMC 17.80.140. 58 --`( • Antoine Peak ------ •• Conservation Area .4'N .. , VI ' / i fes. rry p s , i "V—� Camp Seka ' / 'erry Sp its • Conservation Stadiu ,� Area `i��/.- - f 1 U -;:` i �II 1 A // - E Aveelid �-•or- �t----' r" 44 ,J AWay ��,y�%✓ Mirabeau j ��4 ilIWCOd <i��% InfiIIArea ...:: D elts Field •'F' //// y /;% ,...--,.,A,4 ` --- Lake i�yrt�l „ 90 „. �� � 4,„.... I __ _ m E Mission Ave s Ar ( I . ..\tea __ Z �,( Spokan• p �_ ■ ECataldo t___. ■ �I East .� _ Ave E Broadwa Ave L""-✓ vY A CS Broadway ;� ylsta Dr E Al<i' e _ KIM Infill Area ' �a ,�,� -� �.i■e■e I•° L -� --- —_ EastSprague - - lf1`P _ — ,jJ�'r■� \ •■ !-- - rr �_" ,Infill Area rr� �_�� _�=,..1-W-'-��r._ I y I 111 1 ■ N Carnaha1 j i ! j rr= � ��� .01 -J Infill- d I ✓'a ! 'A< mr. V ll - , eill°11'111111111 ~ Area 1 •' i I --J' iiii ,' Dishman Hills NO 1 I //��� �� .a'-se Uplands Natural Area dr, CD City of Spokane Valley Zoning A Fa l . Municipal Boundaries I / M _VsIley f/Isle �.Vall -✓taiGro,th earUC4) 19 Parks,Rcacston,&Cpcnspcse It E 32nd-�_.` IBJ A� Land Use Designation Zoning // R1 R2 R3 / POS For �.�r�'/ CMII AO ,� /� ' ei Ar ��/j T -IM // I Dishman Hills 1 Ah CS zone 3 Conservation .__ ., / ®BPA[asement Area-South Unit Morrow Park • Yellowstone Plpellne it Natural 0 0.5 1 2 3 `+°`« Miles O - i Y/1 ' Chapter 21.20 STATE ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ACT Sections: 21.20.010 Purpose. 21.20.020 Designation of responsible official. 21.20.030 Lead agency determination and agency responsibilities. 21.20.040 Categorical exemptions. 21.20.050 Environmental checklist. 21.20.060 Threshold determination. 21.20.070 Threshold determination — Determination of nonsignificance (DNS). 21.20.080 Threshold determination —Mitigated determination of nonsignificance (MDNS). 21.20.090 Optional DNS process. 21.20.100 Threshold determination — Determination of significance (DS). 21.20.110 Environmental impact statement (EIS). 21.20.120 Environmental impact statement— Preparation. 21.20.130 Commenting. 21.20.140 Using existing environmental documents. 21.20.150 SEPA agency decisions, conditions, and appeals. 21.20.160 Definitions. 21.20.170 Forms. 21.20.010 Purpose. Chapter 21.20 SVMC implements the State Environmental Policy Act(SEPA), RCW 43.21C.120, and Chapter 197-11 WAC. 21.20.020 Designation of responsible official. For those proposals for which the City is lead agency, the responsible official shall be the Director. The responsible official shall make the threshold determination, supervise scoping and preparation of any required EIS, and perform any other function assigned to the lead agency or responsible official. 21.20.030 Lead agency determination and agency responsibilities. A. When an application is filed for a nonexempt action or the City initiates a nonexempt action, the responsible official shall determine the lead agency for that proposal pursuant to WAC 197-11- 050 and WAC 197-11-922 through WAC 197-11-940, unless a lead agency has been previously identified or the responsible official is aware that another department or agency is in the process of determining the lead agency. B. When the City is not the lead agency for a proposal, all departments of the City shall use and consider as appropriate either the DNS or the final EIS of the lead agency in making decisions on the proposal. No City department shall prepare or require preparation of a DNS or EIS in addition to that prepared by the lead agency unless the responsible official determines a supplemental environmental review is necessary under WAC 197-11-600. C. If the City, or any of its departments, receive a lead agency determination made by another agency that appears inconsistent with the criteria of WAC 197-11-922 through WAC 197-11-940, it may object to the determination. Any objection must be made to the agency originally making the determination or the City must petition the Department of Ecology for a lead agency determination under WAC 197-11-946 within the 15-day time period. Any such petition on behalf of the City shall be initiated by the responsible official. D. The responsible official is authorized to make agreements as to lead agency status or shared lead agency's duties for a proposal under WAC 197-11-942 and WAC197-11-944. 1 E. The responsible official shall require sufficient information from the applicant to identify other agencies with jurisdiction. 21.20.040 Categorical exemptions. Categorical exemptions are set forth in WAC 197-11-800. A. Application. If a proposal fits within any of the exemptions set forth in SVMC 21.20.040, the proposal shall be categorically exempt from the threshold determination requirements of WAC 197-11-720, except as follows: 1. The proposal includes an activity that is not exempt under WAC 197-11-908, Critical areas; 2. The proposal is a segment of a proposal that includes a series of actions, physically or functionally related to each other, some of which are categorically exempt and some of which are not; or 3. The proposal includes, or is a part of, a series of exempt actions that are physically or functionally related to each other and that together may have a probable significant adverse impact in the judgment of an agency with jurisdiction. B. Flexible Thresholds. The City adopts the following exempt levels for new construction pursuant to WAC 197-11-800(1)(c): 1. For single-family residential dwelling units, up to 30 dwelling units. 2. For multifamily residential dwelling units, up to 60 units. 3. For barn, loafing shed, farm equipment storage, produce storage, or packing structure buildings, up to 40,000 square feet. 4. For office, school, commercial, recreational, service, or storage buildings, up to 30,000 square feet of gross floor area and with associated parking facilities designed for up to 90 parking spaces. This exemption includes stand-alone parking lots. 5. For landfills and excavations, up to 1,000 cubic yards. C. Exemptions for Infill Development. In order to accommodate infill, the City establishes the following exempt levels and procedures for construction of residential developments, mixed use, and commercial nonretail developments pursuant to RCW 43.21C.229: 1. Carnahan Infill Development: Up to 698 new dwelling units and commercial development that does not exceed 65,000 square feet in size (excluding retail uses), so long as the total P.M. peak hour trip generation does not exceed 433 trips for all combined land uses. 2. East Sprague Infill Development: Up to 282 new dwelling units and commercial development that does not exceed 65,000 square feet in size (excluding retail uses), so long as the total P.M. peak hour trip generation does not exceed 175 trips for all combined land uses. 3. Mirabeau Infill Development: To qualify for an exemption, this area is subject to participation in a voluntary developer agreement based on a Mirabeau traffic study conducted by the City. 2 4. East Broadway Infill Development: Up to 852 new dwelling units and commercial development that does not exceed 65,000 square feet in size (excluding retail uses), so long as the total P.M. peak hour trip generation does not exceed 582 trips for all combined land uses 5. Procedure for use of infill development categorical exemptions. In addition to the procedures in SVMC 21.20.040(D), the following procedures govern the use of infill development categorical exemptions: a. In determining whether or not an infill development proposal is exempt, the Department shall consider a traffic analysis based on the quantity of development units and the related applicable trip generation and the applicable trip generation for nonresidential uses; b. The traffic analysis shall be included with any application for a permit, license, certificate, or other approval. The traffic analysis shall follow Traffic Analysis guidelines as set forth in Chapter 3 of the Spokane Valley street standards SVMC 22.130.040; c. Developments that qualify for this SEPA exemption are still subject to chapter 22.20 SVMC, Concurrency. The maximum number of dwelling units and P.M. peak hour trips exempted pursuant to SVMC 21.20.40(C)— (F) apply to the cumulative development in the infill development areas. Development will be allowed under this exemption up to the point that all trips in the trip bank have been taken, unless denied by concurrency; and d. Upon approval of the proposal, the Department shall document the change in total available trips. These exempt levels are not applicable once the total available trips have been utilized. D. Procedure for use of categorical exemptions. The agency or applicant may proceed with the exempt aspects of a proposal prior to conducting environmental review of the nonexempt aspects of a proposal; provided, that the requirements of WAC 197-11-070 are met. E, Written Findings. The lead agency is not required to document that a proposal is categorically exempt; however, the lead agency may note on an application that a proposal is categorically exempt or place such a determination in the agency's files. 21.20.050 Environmental checklist. ---------------u LL-e- LL ---LL-e LL ---LL-e-u -u-LL A. A completed environmental checklist shall be filed prior to or at the same time as an application for a permit, license, certificate, or other approval not categorically exempt. A checklist is not needed if the City and the applicant agree an EIS is required, SEPA compliance has been completed, or SEPA compliance has been initiated by another agency. B. For private proposals, the City will require the applicant to complete the environmental checklist. For public proposals, the department initiating the proposal shall complete the environmental checklist for that proposal. During the review of the environmental checklist, the staff will review and if necessary return the checklist to the applicant for revisions and/or additional information. City staff may also make minor changes or additions to the environmental checklist. C. For projects submitted under an approved planned action under WAC 197-11-164 and WAC 197- 11-168, the City shall use its existing environmental checklist form or may modify the environmental checklist form as provided in WAC 197-11-315. The modified environmental checklist form may be prepared and adopted along with, or as part of, a planned action 3 ordinance, or developed after the ordinance is adopted. In either case, a proposed modified environmental checklist form must be sent. 21.20.060 Threshold determination. A threshold determination is required pursuant to WAC 197-11-310. Within 90 days of issuing a letter of completeness for the application and environmental checklist, the responsible official shall either make a threshold determination or notify the applicant that a DS is likely and indicate the areas of likely impact. The applicant may request that the decision be postponed for an additional 30 days to allow the responsible official to evaluate mitigation measures proposed by the applicant. The responsible official shall grant such extension, if requested. 21.20.070 Threshold determination — Determination of nonsignificance (DNS). A. The responsible official may issue a DNS pursuant to WAC 197-11-340 if there will be no probable significant adverse impacts from a proposal. The lead agency shall prepare and issue a DNS substantially in the form provided in WAC 197-11-970. B. When a DNS is issued for any of the proposals listed in subsection SVMC 21.20.070(B)(1), the requirements of this subsection shall be met. The requirements of this subsection do not apply to a DNS issued when the optional DNS process set forth in SVMC 21.20.090 is used. 1. An agency shall not act upon a proposal for 14 days after the date of issuance of a DNS if the proposal involves: a. Another agency with jurisdiction; b. Demolition of any structure or facility not exempted by WAC 197-11-800(2)(f) or WAC 197-11-880; c. Issuance of clearing or grading permits not exempted under SVMC 21.20.040; d. A DNS under WAC 197-11-350(2) or (3) or WAC 197-11-360(4); or e. An action related to the requirements of the Growth Management Act. 2. The responsible official shall send the DNS and environmental checklist to agencies with jurisdiction, the Department of Ecology, affected tribes, and each local agency or political subdivision whose public services would be changed as a result of implementation of the proposal, and shall give notice pursuant to SVMC 21.20.130(A). 3. Any person, affected tribe, or agency may submit comments to the lead agency within 14 days of the date of issuance of the DNS. 4. The date of issue for the DNS is the date the DNS is sent to the Department of Ecology and agencies with jurisdiction and is made publicly available. 5. An agency with jurisdiction may assume lead agency status only within the 14-day comment period pursuant to WAC 197-11-948. 6. The responsible official shall reconsider the DNS based on timely comments and may retain or modify the DNS or, if the responsible official determines that significant adverse impacts are likely, withdraw the DNS and/or supporting documents. When a DNS is modified, the lead agency shall send the modified DNS to agencies with jurisdiction. C. The lead agency shall withdraw a DNS if: 4 1. There are substantial changes to the proposal so that the proposal is likely to have significant adverse environmental impacts; or 2. There is significant new information indicating, or on, a proposal's probable significant adverse environmental impacts; or 3. The DNS was procured by misrepresentation or lack of material disclosure; if such DNS resulted from actions of an applicant, any subsequent environmental checklist on the proposal shall be prepared directly by the lead agency or a consultant at the expense of the applicant. D. If the lead agency withdraws a DNS, the lead agency shall make a new threshold determination and notify other agencies with jurisdiction of the withdrawal and new threshold determination. If a DS is issued, each agency with jurisdiction shall commence action to suspend, modify, or revoke any approvals until the necessary environmental review has occurred (WAC 197-11-070). 21.20.080 Threshold determination — Mitigated determination of nonsignificance (MDNS). A. The responsible official may issue a MDNS based on conditions attached to the proposal by the responsible official or on changes to or clarification of the proposal made by the applicant in a manner consistent with WAC 197-11-350. B. An applicant may request in writing early notice of whether a DS is likely under WAC 197-11-350. The request must: 1. Follow submission of a complete permit application and environmental checklist for a nonexempt proposal for which the Department is lead agency; and 2. Precede the agency's actual threshold determination for the proposal. C. The responsible official or a designee shall respond in writing to the request for early notice within 14 days unless otherwise agreed to. The response shall: 1. Be in writing; 2. State whether the City currently considers issuance of a DS likely, and if so, indicate the general or specific area(s)of concern leading the City to consider a DS; and 3. State that the applicant may change or clarify the proposal to mitigate the indicated impacts, revising the environmental checklist and/or permit application as necessary to reflect the changes or clarifications. D. The City's written response under the subsections above shall not be construed as a DS. In addition, preliminary discussions of clarifications or changes to a proposal, shall not bind the City to consider the clarifications or changes in its threshold determination. E. When an applicant submits a changed or clarified proposal, along with a revised or amended environmental checklist, the responsible official shall base the threshold determination on the changed or clarified proposal. 1. If the responsible official indicated specific mitigation measures in the response to the request for early notice and the applicant changed or clarified the proposal to include those specific mitigation measures, the responsible official shall issue and circulate a DNS pursuant to WAC 197-11-340(2). 5 2. If the responsible official indicated areas of concern but did not indicate specific mitigation measures that would allow the issuance of a DNS, the responsible official shall make the threshold determination, issuing a DNS or DS as appropriate. 3. The applicant's proposed mitigation measures (clarifications, changes, or conditions) must be in writing and must be specific. 4. Mitigation measures which justify issuance of a mitigated DNS may be incorporated in the DNS by reference to agency staff reports, studies, or other documents. F. A MDNS is issued either under WAC 197-11-340(2) requiring a 14-day comment period unless otherwise established by agency procedure and public notice pursuant to SVMC 21.20.130, or under WAC 197-11-355, which may require no additional comment period beyond the comment period on the notice of application. G. Mitigation measures incorporated in the MDNS shall be deemed conditions of approval of the permit decision and may be enforced in the same manner as any term or condition of the permit or enforced in any manner specifically prescribed by the City. 21.20.090 Optional DNS process. A. If the City has a reasonable basis for determining significant adverse environmental impacts are unlikely, it may use a single integrated comment period to obtain comments on the notice of application and the likely threshold determination for the proposal. If this process is used, a second comment period will typically not be required when the DNS is issued; refer to subsection SVMC 21.20.090(D). B. If the lead agency uses the optional DNS process specified in subsection SVMC 21.20.090(A), the lead agency shall: 1, State on the first page of the notice of application that it expects to issue a DNS for the proposal and that: a. The optional DNS process is being used; b. This may be the only opportunity to comment on the environmental impacts of the proposal; c. The proposal may include mitigation measures under applicable codes, and the project review process may incorporate or require mitigation measures regardless of whether an EIS is prepared; and d. A copy of the subsequent threshold determination for the specific proposal may be obtained upon request. In addition, the lead agency may choose to maintain a general mailing list for threshold determination distribution. 2. List in the notice of application the conditions being considered to mitigate environmental impacts, if a MDNS is expected. 3. Comply with the requirements for a notice of application in chapter 17.80 SVMC and public notice in SVMC 21.20.130(A). 4. Send the notice of application and environmental checklist to: 6 a. Agencies with jurisdiction, the Department of Ecology, affected tribes, and each local agency or political subdivision whose public services would be changed as a result of implementation of the proposal; and b. Anyone requesting a copy of the environmental checklist for the specific proposal. C. If the lead agency indicates on the notice of application that a DNS is likely, an agency with jurisdiction may assume lead agency status during the comment period on the notice of application pursuant to WAC 197-11-948. D. The responsible official shall consider timely comments on the notice of application and take one of the following actions: 1. Issue a DNS or MDNS with no comment period using the procedures in subsection SVMC 21.20.090(E); 2. Issue a DNS or MDNS with a comment period using the procedures in subsection SVMC 21.20.090(E), if the lead agency determines a comment period is necessary; 3. Issue a DS; or 4. Require additional information or studies prior to making a threshold determination E. If a DNS or mitigated DNS is issued under subsection SVMC 21.20.090(D)(1), the lead agency shall send a copy of the DNS or mitigated DNS to the Department of Ecology, agencies with jurisdiction, those who commented, and anyone requesting a copy. A copy of the environmental checklist need not be recirculated. 21.20.100 Threshold determination — Determination of significance (DS). If the responsible official determines that a proposal may have a probable significant adverse environmental impact, the responsible official shall prepare and issue a DS substantially in the form provided in WAC 197-11-980. The DS shall contain the information as set forth in WAC 197-11-360. An EIS shall be prepared for projects for which a DS threshold determination has been issued consistent with the appropriate sections of this title and referenced sections of the WAC. 21.20.110 Environmental impact statement (EIS). An EIS is required for project and non-project actions that may have a significant adverse impact of the environment as more specifically set forth in WAC 197-11-330 and shall be prepared pursuant to WAC 197-11-400 through WAC 197-11-460. 21.20.120 Environmental impact statement - Preparation. A. Any person, firm, or corporation assisting in the preparation of an EIS for private projects shall have expertise and experience in preparing EISs and shall be approved in writing by the responsible official before participating in the EIS process. B. Preparation of EISs, supplement EISs, and other environmental documentation shall be under the direction of the responsible official. The documents may be prepared by the City staff, or by a consultant approved and directed by the City; however, all costs involved in the preparation of an EIS shall be borne by the applicant. The responsible official shall notify the applicant of the City's procedure for preparation, distribution of the draft, and final EIS. 7 C. The City may require an applicant to provide information the City does not possess, including specific investigations relating to elements of the environment, if such information is required under chapter 21.20 SVMC, another statute, or ordinance. D. Before the City issues a preliminary or final EIS, the responsible official shall be satisfied that it complies with chapter 21.20 SVMC and chapter 197-11 WAC. E. The City may create and maintain an EIS list of qualified consultants to assist in determining the expertise and experience of consultants using, but not limited to, the following procedures: 1. Annually or biannually placing a legal notice in a newspaper of local circulation requesting statement of qualifications (SOQ)from qualified consultants. 2. The City will review the SOQs and require interested consultants to submit an application package to be placed on the list. 3. The City will review the submitted materials and place those consultants who are determined to meet the minimum qualifications on the list. Those qualifications include, but are not limited to: a. Possessing a thorough and comprehensive knowledge of the procedural and substantive requirements of SEPA and related regulations; and b. Possessing adequate technical and administrative capacity to produce EIS documents and/or associated technical documents. F. The table of contents shall include a list of elements of the environment as set forth in WAC 197- 11-44, indicating those elements or portions of elements that do not involve significant adverse impacts. G. The City may include, at its discretion, in an EIS or its appendix, the analysis of any impact relevant to the City's decision, whether or not the impact is an environmental one. This inclusion of such analysis may or may not be based upon comments received during the scoping process. The provision for combining documents may be used as set forth in WAC 197-11-640. The EIS shall comply with the formatting requirements of WAC 197-11-400 through WAC 197-11-500. The decision whether to include such information and the adequacy of any such additional analysis shall not be used in determining whether an EIS meets the requirements of SEPA. H. If the City chooses to include a cost/benefit analysis in an EIS, such analysis shall be consistent with WAC 197-11-450. 21.20.130 Commenting. The rules for consulting, commenting, and responding on all environmental documents under SEPA, including rules for public notice and hearings, are set forth below as well as in WAC 197-11-500 through WAC 197-11-570. A. Public Notice. Whenever possible, the City shall integrate the public notice requirement of SVMC 21.20.130 with existing notice procedures for the City's nonexempt permit(s)or approval(s) required for the proposal. When the City issues a DNS under WAC 197-11-340(2)or a DS under WAC 197-11-360(3), the City shall give public notice as follows: 1. If public notice is required for a nonexempt license by other regulations, that notice shall state whether a DS or DNS has been issued and when comments are due. 8 2. If an environmental document is issued concurrently with the notice of application, the public notice requirements as set forth in chapter 17.80 SVMC will suffice to meet the public notice requirements in WAC 197-11-510(1). 3. If no public notice is otherwise required for the permit or approval, the lead agency shall give notice of the DNS or DS as provided in WAC 197-11-510 and locally-adopted rules and regulations. 4. If a DNS is issued using the optional DNS process, the public notice requirements for a notice of application as set forth in chapter 17.80 SVMC as supplemented by the requirements in WAC 197-11-355, will suffice to meet the public notice requirements in WAC 197-11-510(1)(b). 5. Whenever the City issues a DEIS under WAC 197-11-455(5) or an SEIS under WAC 197-11-620, notice of the availability of these documents shall be given by the following: a. Indicating the availability of the DEIS in any public notice required for the nonexempt license subsequently published after the issuance of the DEIS and prior to the first public hearing regarding a nonexempt license. b. Selecting one or more of the following notification methods: Posting the property for site-specific proposals pursuant to the administrative procedures for the underlying action; ii. Publishing a legal notice in a newspaper of general circulation; Hi. Notifying public or private groups which have expressed an interest in a certain proposal, or in the type of proposal being considered; iv. Notifying the news media; v. Placing notices in appropriate regional, neighborhood, ethnic, or trade journals; vi. Publishing notice in newsletters and/or sending notice to agency mailing lists (either general lists or lists of specific proposals for subject areas). 6. The City may require an applicant to complete the public notice requirements for the proposal at his or her expense or otherwise may charge a fee sufficient to cover the lead agency's entire cost of meeting the public notice requirements B. Response to a Consultation Request. The director of the department with appropriate expertise shall be responsible for preparation of written comments for an agency in response to a consultation request prior to a threshold determination, participation in scoping, and reviewing DEIS in a manner consistent with WAC 197-11-550. 21.20.140 Using existing environmental documents. Existing environmental documents prepared under SEPA or the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) may be used for an agency's own environmental compliance in a manner consistent with WAC 197-11-164 through WAC 197-11-172 and WAC 197-11-600 through WAC 197-11-640. 21.20.150 SEPA agency decisions, conditions, and appeal. 9 A. SEPA decisions to mitigate anticipated impacts or deny proposals shall be made in a manner consistent with WAC 197-11-650 and WAC 197-11-660. The City, in making its determination, shall consider relevant environmental documents, alternatives, and mitigation measures as set forth in WAC 197-11-655. B. The City may attach conditions to a permit or approval for a proposal so long as: 1. Such conditions are necessary to mitigate specific probable adverse environmental impacts identified in environmental documents prepared with regard to the license; 2. Such conditions are in writing; 3. The mitigation measures included in such conditions are reasonable and capable of being accomplished; 4. The City has considered whether other local, state, or federal mitigation measures applied to the proposal are sufficient to mitigate the identified impacts; and 5. Such conditions are based on one or more policies in subsection SVMC 21.20.150(D) and cited in the license or other decision document. C. The City may deny a permit or approval for a proposal on the basis of SEPA provided that: 1. A finding is made that approving the proposal would result in probable significant adverse environmental impacts that are identified in a final EIS or final SEIS prepared pursuant to chapter 21.20 SVMC; 2. A finding is made that there are no reasonable mitigation measures capable of being accomplished that are sufficient to mitigate the identified impact; and 3. The denial is based on one or more policies identified in subsection SVMC 21.20.150(D) and identified in writing in the decision document. D. Pursuant to RCW 43.21.060 and WAC 197-11-060(a) and WAC 197-11-902, the City adopts the following policies as the basis for the imposition of mitigating conditions as set forth in chapter 21.20 SVMC: 1. The City shall use all practicable means consistent with other essential considerations of state policy to improve and coordinate plans, functions, programs, and resources to the end that the state and its citizens may: a. Fulfill the responsibilities of each generation as trustee of the environment for succeeding generations; b. Assure for all people of Washington safe, healthful, productive, and aesthetically- and culturally-pleasing surroundings; c. Attain the widest range of beneficial uses of the environment without degradation, risk to health or safety, or other undesirable and unintended consequences; d. Preserve important historic, cultural, and natural aspects of our national heritage; e. Maintain, wherever possible, an environment which supports diversity and variety of individual choice; 10 f. Achieve a balance between population and resource use which will permit high standards of living and a wide sharing of life's amenities; and g. Enhance the quality of renewable resources and approach the maximum attainable recycling of depletable resources. 2. The City recognizes that each person has a fundamental and inalienable right to a healthful environment and that each person has a responsibility to contribute to the preservation and enhancement of the environment. E. Except for permits and variances issued pursuant to chapter 90.58 RCW (the Washington State Shorelines Management Act) and rules promulgated thereto, appeals of decisions or actions conditioned or denied on the basis of SEPA by a non-elected official shall be appealable in accordance with chapter 17.90 SVMC. 21.20.160 Definitions. Uniform usage and definitions of terms under SEPA are set forth in WAC 197-11-700 through WAC 197- 11-792. 21.20.170 Forms. The City adopts by reference the applicable SEPA forms in substantially the form set forth in the applicable sections of the SEPA rules, chapter 197-11 WAC, as now promulgated or hereafter amended, for use in carrying out local SEPA policies and procedures. 11 Chapter 21.40 CRITICAL AREAS Sections: 21.40.010 Critical Areas Regulations — Purpose. 21.40.011 Applicability. 21.40.012 Exemptions from Critical Area Review and Reporting Requirements. 21.40.013 Maps and Inventories. 21.40.014 Critical Area Review. 21.40.015 Critical Area Report Requirements for All Critical Areas. 21.40.016 Mitigation Sequencing. 21.40.017 Compensatory Mitigation. 21.40.018 Violations. 21.40.020 Wetlands. 21.40.021 Delineation and Classification. 21.40.022 Wetland Buffer Areas. 21.40.023 Signs and Fencing. 21.40.024 Wetland Mitigation. 21.40.025 Additional Critical Area Report Requirements for Wetlands. 21.40.030 Fish and Wildlife Habitat Conservation Areas. 21.40.031 Designation. 21.40.032 Habitat Buffers and Riparian Management Zones. 21.40.033 Performance Standards. 21.40.034 Adjustment of Habitat Buffer Areas. 21.40.035 Fish and Wildlife Habitat Mitigation. 21.40.036 Additional Critical Area Report Requirements for Fish and Wildlife Habitat Conservation Areas. 21.40.040 Special Flood Hazard Areas. 21.40.041 Additional Critical Areas Report Requirements for Special Flood Hazard Areas. 21.40.050 Geologically Hazardous Areas. 21.40.051 Exemptions. 21.40.052 Designation and Classification. 21.40.053 Performance Standards. 21.40.054 Additional Critical Areas Report Requirements for Geologically Hazardous Areas. 21.40.060 Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas. 21.40.061 Designation and Classification. 21.40.062 Performance Standards. 21.40.063 Additional Critical Area Report Requirements for Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas. 21.40.070 Reasonable Use Determination. 21.40.010 Critical Areas Regulations — Purpose. The purpose of chapter 21.40 SVMC is to designate and classify environmentally-sensitive and hazardous areas as critical areas and to protect, maintain, and restore these areas and their functions and values; and protect the health, safety, and welfare of the general public; while also allowing reasonable use of public and private property. Critical areas include wetlands, areas of critical recharging effect on aquifers, fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas, special flood hazard areas, and geologically hazardous areas as set forth in WAC 365-196-485, as now promulgated or hereafter amended. The regulations of chapter 21.40 SVMC are intended to implement the goals, policies, guidelines, and requirements of the City's Comprehensive Plan and to protect critical areas in accordance with the Growth Management Act (chapter 36.70A RCW). Critical areas occurring within the shoreline jurisdiction 1 shall be regulated pursuant to the City's SMP as set forth in chapter 21.50 SVMC. When the provisions of chapter 21.40 SVMC conflict with other SVMC provisions or with federal or state laws and regulations, the provision that is the most protective of critical areas shall apply. 21.40.011 Applicability. A. The provisions of chapter 21.40 SVMC shall apply to any activity, use, modification, or development that is located within or adjacent to a critical area or within its buffer, or is likely to create a net loss of ecological functions necessary to sustain the critical area, or is likely to otherwise detrimentally impact a critical area such as reduce the stability or safety. Except as exempted in SVMC 21.40.012, critical areas and associated buffers shall not be altered except as consistent with the purposes and requirements of chapter 21.40 SVMC. B. Compliance with the provisions of chapter 21.40 SVMC does not constitute compliance with other federal, state, and local regulations and permit requirements that may be required (for example, shoreline substantial development permits, Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (WDFW) Hydraulic Project Approval permits, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Section 404 or 401 permits, or National Pollution Discharge Elimination System permits). The applicant is responsible for complying with these requirements apart from the process established pursuant to chapter 21.40 SVMC. 21.40.012 Exemptions from Critical Area Review and Reporting Requirements. Activities exempt from critical area review and reporting requirements shall be conducted consistent with performance standards identified in chapter 21.40 SVMC, including mitigation sequencing. A. The following activities are exempt from critical area review and reporting requirements: 1. Conservation or enhancement of native vegetation; 2. Outdoor recreational activities which do not involve disturbance of the resource or site area, including fishing, hunting, bird watching, hiking, horseback riding, and bicycling; 3. Education, scientific research, surveying, and use of nature trails; 4. Normal and routine maintenance and repair of: a. Legally-constructed irrigation and drainage ditches, utility lines, and appurtenances; b. Existing, legally-constructed streets, structures, and facilities within an existing right-of-way, excluding actions that expand or change the character of an existing feature; or c. State or City parks, including noxious weed control and removal of hazard trees where the potential for harm to humans exists. 5. Emergency construction necessary to protect property from damage by the elements; 6. Routine maintenance, repair, and minor modifications (such as construction of a balcony or second story) of existing structures where the modification does not extend the structure further into or adversely impact the functions of the critical area; 7. Drilling for utilities/utility corridors under a critical area, with entrance/exit portals located completely outside of the critical area and its buffer, provided that the drilling does not 2 interrupt the groundwater connection to the wetland or percolation of surface water down through the soil column; and 8. In Category III or IV wetlands only, stormwater dispersion outfalls and bioswales associated with stormwater management facilities that are located within the outer 25 percent of the buffer provided that no other location is feasible. B. Any incidental damage to or alteration of a critical area or its buffers resulting from exempt activities shall be restored, rehabilitated, or replaced at the expense of the responsible party within one growing season. 21.40.013 Maps and Inventories. A. The approximate location and extent of known critical areas are depicted on the Critical Areas and Priority Habitats Maps updated and maintained by the Department. The maps are a reference tool, not an official designation or delineation. The exact location of a critical area boundary shall be determined through field investigation by a qualified professional. B. In addition to the Critical Areas and Priority Habitats Map, the City may review additional reference materials to determine whether a proposed development has the potential to affect a critical area within the City. Reference materials may include, but are not limited to, the following: 1. USDA Soil Survey for Spokane County, Washington, 2012, as amended; 2. USGS 7.5-Minute Series Digital Elevation Model; 3. FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRM) for Spokane County, Washington, and Incorporated Areas, July 6, 2010; 4. USFWS National Wetlands Inventory; 5. Aerial photos; 6. 2015 LiDAR data; 7. DNR Stream Typing maps; 8. WDFW Priority Habitats and Species and Wildlife Heritage Maps and Data; and 9. City critical area designation maps. 21.40.014 Critical Area Review. If critical area review is applicable to a proposed project per 21.40.011 above, the City: A. Shall require and review a critical area report for each applicable critical area per SVMC 21.40.015. B. Shall determine if the proposed project adequately addresses and mitigates impacts to the critical area and is consistent with the requirements of chapter 21.40 SVMC. C. May consult with agencies with expertise or jurisdiction to assist with project review, analysis, and identification of appropriate performance measures that adequately safeguard critical areas and ensure that measures are properly implemented. 3 D. May consult with qualified professionals to assist with review of a critical areas report and/or during the implementation of recommended measures. The City may, at its sole discretion, require the applicant to pay for or reimburse the City for such consultant fees incurred by the City. E. May require mitigation pursuant to SVMC 21.40.016 and SVMC 21.40.017 where there is an impact to the critical area or its buffer that is likely to result in net loss of ecological functions. 21.40.015 Critical Area Report Requirements for All Critical Areas. Unless otherwise provided in chapter 21.40 SVMC, when critical areas review is deemed applicable per SVMC 21.40.011 above, the applicant shall submit a critical area report subject to the requirements of SVMC 21.40.015 and any other additional reporting requirements for each relevant critical area type, as addressed in SVMC 21.40.025 (Wetlands), SVMC 21.40.036 (Fish &Wildlife Habitats), SVMC 21.40.041 (Special Flood Hazards), SVMC 21.40.054 (Geologic Hazards), and SVMC 21.40.063 (Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas). The following generally-applicable standards apply to all critical area reports: A. All critical area assessments, investigations, studies, plans, and reports shall be completed by a qualified professional. B. At a minimum, all critical area reports shall contain the following: 1. The name and contact information of the applicant, a description of the proposal, and identification of the permit(s) requested. 2. The dates, names, and qualifications of the persons preparing the report and documentation of any fieldwork performed on the site. 3. A statement from the qualified professional certifying that the report meets the critical area requirements set forth in chapter 21.40 SVMC. 4. A description of the proposed use or activity in sufficient detail to allow analysis of such proposal upon identified critical area. 5. List of all references and assumptions. 6. A scaled site plan with dimensions showing: a. Critical areas and their buffers; b. Ordinary high water mark (as applicable); c. Proposed and existing structures and related infrastructure; d. Clearing and grading limits and erosion control measures; e. Location of temporary and/or permanent construction signage and fencing to protect critical areas and buffers; f. Topographic contours at applicable intervals and/or spot elevations that clearly depict the existing and proposed topography; g. Fill and material storage locations; h. Staging areas; 4 Proposed and existing drainage facilities and stormwater flow direction arrows; and j. Title, date, scale, north arrow, and legend. 7. Identification and characterization of all critical areas, water bodies, and buffers located on-site, adjacent, and within 200 feet of proposed project areas. If buffers for two contiguous critical areas overlap (such as buffers for a stream and a wetland), the wider buffer applies. 8. Any additional information required by the City to adequately evaluate the potential impacts and required mitigation if applicable. The Director may modify the required contents of the report where, in the judgment of a qualified professional, more or less information is required to adequately evaluate the potential impacts and required mitigation. 9. The Director may limit the scope of the required critical area report to include only that part of a site affected by a development proposal. C. If a critical area or associated buffer impacts are proposed, or if a project has the potential to indirectly affect a critical area or buffer, such as by changing drainage pathways upslope of a critical area, the critical area report shall also contain the following: 1. A mitigation plan that contains a description of the application of mitigation sequencing and offsetting of impacts pursuant to SVMC 21.40.016 and SVMC 21.40.017. The approved plan shall contain clear and measurable standards and a schedule for achieving compliance with the specific provisions of the plan. 2. An erosion and sediment control plan and drainage plan to demonstrate minimization of impacts, as applicable for conformance with chapter 24.50 SVMC. 3. Cost estimate for required mitigation when a financial surety is required pursuant to SVMC 21.40.017(D). 4. A discussion of the performance standards applicable to the critical area and proposed activity. 5. A mitigation monitoring plan pursuant to SVMC 21.40.017(C). 21.40.016 Mitigation Sequencing. Applicants shall demonstrate that all reasonable efforts have been made to avoid and minimize impacts to critical areas and buffers. When an activity impacting a critical area is proposed, applicants shall follow the mitigation sequencing order of preference below to ensure no net loss of function within the critical area. A. Avoid the impact altogether by not taking a certain action or parts of an action. B. Minimize impacts by limiting the degree or magnitude of the action and its implementation by using appropriate technology, or by taking affirmative steps, such as project redesign, relocation, or timing, to avoid or reduce impacts. All impacts shall be compensated for and monitored as described below. 5 C. Rectify the impact by repairing, stabilizing, rehabilitating, or restoring the affected area to at least the conditions existing at the time of the initiation of the project so that the impact is temporary in duration. D. Compensate for the impact by replacing, enhancing, or providing substitute resources or environments. 21.40.017 Compensatory Mitigation. A. All impacts to critical areas or critical area buffers shall be mitigated to result in no net loss of ecological function. Mitigation shall be based on the most current, accurate, and complete scientific or technical information available and provide an equivalent or better level of protection of ecological functions, affected species, and safety conditions, as applicable to the affected critical area. B. Unless specifically addressed in SVMC 21.40.020 through SVMC 21.40.063, compensatory mitigation is to be provided by any of the following means, in order of preference: 1. Impacts mitigated on or contiguous to the development site through resource expansion, enhancement, protection, or restoration. 2. Off-site mitigation. a. Off-site mitigation may be allowed if an applicant demonstrates that mitigation on or contiguous to the development proposal site cannot be achieved and that off- site mitigation achieves equivalent or greater ecological functions. b. When off-site mitigation is authorized, priority shall be given to the following locations within the same drainage sub-basin as the project site: Mitigation banking sites and resource mitigation reserves; ii. Private mitigation sites that are established in compliance with the requirements of SVMC 21.40.017 and approved by the Director; iii. Public mitigation sites that have been ranked supported by ecological assessments, including wetland and aquatic areas established as priorities for mitigation in an approved sub-basin or watershed plan; or iv. Off-site mitigation consistent with Selecting Wetland Mitigation Sites Using a Watershed Approach (Eastern Washington) (Publication#10-06- 07, Olympia, WA, November 2010), as the same now exists or may be amended. c. Any mitigation site shall be permanently preserved by property restrictions, such as deed restrictions or conservation easements. Such restrictions shall be recorded for mitigation sites to avoid impacts from future development or alteration to the function of the mitigation. C. Monitoring. 1. The applicant shall monitor the performance of the required mitigation and submit performance monitoring reports annually, or as specified in the permit conditions. 2. A monitoring plan shall: 6 a. Demonstrate compliance with the provisions of chapter 21.40 SVMC and specific permits and approvals; b. Describe the objectives and methods for monitoring and quantifying critical area performance relative to success standards specified by the mitigation plan; c. Provide results with an estimate of statistical precision; d. Identify the reporting requirements; e. Recommend management actions based upon the monitoring results; and f. Provide a contingency plan to address potential unexpected outcomes, circumstances observed during site monitoring, or failure of mitigation. 3. Duration. a. Mitigation monitoring shall be required for a minimum of two years for temporary impact restoration and five years for compensatory mitigation or a time frame as otherwise determined by the City. b. At the end of a monitoring period, a qualified professional shall verify if the mitigation objectives have been satisfied. b. If the mitigation objectives are not obtained within the initial monitoring period, the applicant shall remain responsible for restoration of the natural values and functions until the mitigation goals agreed to in the mitigation plan are achieved. 4. If monitoring reveals a significant deviation from predicted objectives or a failure of mitigation at the end of the duration, the applicant shall implement the approved contingency plan. The contingency plan constitutes new mitigation and is subject to additional monitoring and surety requirements. D. Sureties. 1. Performance Surety. a. The Applicant shall complete all planned mitigation and improvements prior to the acceptance of the project. If approved by the City, a performance surety may be submitted in lieu of the completion of the required work prior to project acceptance. The performance surety shall be in substantially the same form as provided for in the City's street standards including applicable requirements (completion schedule, amount etc.) as adopted or hereafter amended. b. The performance surety shall be released when the following conditions have been met: The installation of the required mitigation is approved by the City; and ii. The applicant has submitted a warranty surety pursuant to SVMC 21.40.017(D)(2). 2. Warranty Surety. a. All projects with required mitigation shall submit a warranty surety to ensure the success of the mitigation project, as required by the City. The warranty surety 7 shall be in substantially the same form as provided for in the City's street standards including applicable requirements as adopted or hereafter amended. b. The warranty surety shall be for 40 percent of the total mitigation construction, planting costs, and annual maintenance/monitoring for the required duration including, but not limited to: costs for the maintenance and replacement of dead or dying plant materials; failures due to site preparation, plant materials, and construction materials; installation oversight, monitoring, reporting, and contingency actions expected through the end of the required monitoring period. c. The warranty surety shall remain in effect for the required duration. The applicant shall have a qualified professional inspect the mitigation site within 30 to 60 days prior to the expiration of the warranty. Any deficiencies noted shall be repaired prior to the release of the surety. If the inspection is not conducted and/or the deficiencies are not repaired, the warranty surety shall be renewed by the applicant until all deficiencies are corrected. The City shall conduct an inspection prior to releasing the warranty surety. d. If any deficiencies identified while the warranty surety is in effect are not corrected in the time frame specified by the Director, the City may choose to conduct the necessary repairs. The City shall then either invoice the applicant or collect from the surety for all costs for the related work, plus a $500.00 administrative fee. E. Alternative Mitigation. The City may approve alternative mitigation provided such mitigation is based on the most current, accurate, and complete scientific or technical information available and provides an equivalent or better level of protection of ecological functions, affected species, or safety conditions, as applicable by affected critical area, than would be provided by the strict application of chapter 21.40 SVMC. The Director shall consider the following for approval of an alternative mitigation proposal: 1. The applicant proposes creation or enhancement of a larger system of natural areas and open space in lieu of preserving many individual habitat areas; 2. On-site mitigation is not feasible due to site constraints such as parcel size, stream type, wetland category, or geologic hazards; 3. There is clear potential for success of the proposed mitigation at an alternate proposed site; and 4. The approved plan contains clear and measurable standards for achieving compliance with the specific provisions of the plan. 21.40.018 Violations. A. The following constitute violations of chapter 21.40 SVMC: 1. Failure to comply with any provision of chapter 21.40 SVMC or with any term of any permit condition or approval issued pursuant to chapter 21.40 SVMC. 2. Failure to comply with any order issued pursuant to chapter 21.40 SVMC or to remove or deface any sign, notice, complaint, or order required by or posted in accordance with chapter 21.40 SVMC. 8 3. Misrepresentation of any material fact in any application, on plans, or in any other information submitted to obtain any determination, authorization, permit condition, or approval under chapter 21.40 SVMC. B. Violations of chapter 21.40 SVMC are subject to the penalties set forth in chapter 17.100 SVMC. In addition, the City may order mitigation measures at the expense of the person responsible for the violation, which shall include the owner, whenever a critical area or its buffer has been altered or impacted in violation of chapter 21.40 SVMC. C. When a violation of chapter 21.40 SVMC occurs, the person responsible for the violation, which shall include the owner, shall meet the following minimum performance standards to achieve restoration of affected critical area conditions, as applicable: 1. A restoration plan shall be prepared by a qualified professional and shall address the following: a. Restoration of historical structural and functional values, including water quality and habitat functions; b. Replication of the historical soil types and configuration; c. Replacement of native vegetation within the critical area and buffers with native vegetation that replicates the vegetation historically found on the site in species types, sizes, and densities; and d. Replication of the historical functions and values at the location of the alteration. 2. The following additional performance standards shall be met for restoration of frequently flooded areas and geological hazards and shall be included in the restoration plan: a. The hazard shall be reduced to a level equal to, or less than, the pre- development hazard; b. Any risk of personal injury resulting from the alteration shall be eliminated or minimized; and c. The hazard area and buffers shall be replanted with native vegetation sufficient to minimize the hazard. 3. Restoration plan shall include a monitoring plan pursuant to SVMC 21.40.017(C) and an implementation schedule. a. Annual performance monitoring reports demonstrating compliance with restoration plan requirements shall be submitted for a minimum two-year period. b. As-built drawings and other information demonstrating compliance with other applicable provisions of chapter 21.40 SVMC shall be submitted to the City. 4. The Director shall, at the violator's expense, seek qualified professional advice to determine if the restoration plan adequately compensates for affected critical area functions and physical resources. Inadequate plans shall be returned to the violator for revision and resubmittal. D. The Director is authorized to make site inspections and take such actions as are necessary to enforce this title. The Director shall present proper credentials and make a reasonable effort to contact any property owner before entering onto private property. 9 21.40.020 Wetlands. SVMC 21.40.020 through SVMC 21.40.025 apply to all clearing, uses, modifications, or development activities within or adjacent to wetlands, unless specifically exempted pursuant to SVMC 21.40.012. Wetlands are those areas that are inundated or saturated by surface water or groundwater at a frequency and duration sufficient to support, and that under normal circumstances do support, a prevalence of vegetation typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions. Wetlands generally include swamps, marshes, bogs, and similar areas. Wetlands do not include those artificial wetlands intentionally created from non-wetland sites including, but not limited to, irrigation and drainage ditches, grass-lined swales, canals, detention facilities, wastewater treatment facilities, farm ponds, and landscape amenities, or those wetlands created after July 1, 1990, that were unintentionally created as a result of the construction of a road, street, or highway. Wetlands may include those artificial wetlands intentionally created from non- wetland areas created to mitigate conversion of wetlands. 21.40.021 Delineation and Classification. A. Delineation. Wetland identification and delineation of wetland boundaries shall be determined by a qualified professional through a field investigation based on the protocols of the 1987 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Delineation Manual and applicable regional supplement, as adopted by Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology) and as hereafter amended. Wetland delineations are valid for five years, after which the City shall determine whether a boundary verification study or additional assessment is necessary. B. Classification. 1. Wetlands shall be rated pursuant to the Ecology wetland rating system as set forth in the Washington State Wetland Rating System for Eastern Washington (Ecology Publication #14-06-030, or as amended and approved by Ecology), which contains the definitions and methods for determining wetland categorical ranking and scores based on functions and values. 2. Categories. Wetland categories are defined as follows: a. Category I: perform functions at very high levels as evidenced by scoring between 22 and 27 points on Ecology's wetland rating system; includes alkali wetlands, bogs, and forests with stands of aspen. b. Category II: provide high levels of some functions, with a rating score between 19 and 21 points; difficult, though not impossible, to replace; includes forested wetlands in the floodplains of rivers, mature and old-growth forested wetlands over one-quarter acre in size with fast-growing trees, and vernal pools. c. Category III: provide a moderate level of functions, with a rating score between 16 and 18 points; can be adequately replaced with a well-planned mitigation project. d. Category IV: provide lowest level of functions, with a rating score less than 16 points; often heavily disturbed but may provide some important functions including groundwater recharge and the removal of pollutants from surface water. 21.40.022 Wetland Buffer Areas. A. Wetland buffer areas shall be required adjacent to all wetlands except isolated Category IV wetlands less than 1,000 square feet that: 10 1. Are not associated with riparian areas or buffers; 2. Are not part of a wetland mosaic (a patchwork of nearby, small wetlands); 3. Do not contain habitat identified as essential for local populations or priority species identified by WDFW or natural heritage plant species identified by the DNR; 4. Are not a vernal pool; 5. Are not an alkali wetland; and 6. Do not contain aspen stands. B. Wetland buffers shall apply to any wetland created, restored, or enhanced as compensation for approved wetland alterations in the same manner as natural wetlands. C. Except as otherwise specified or allowed in SVMC 21.40.022, wetland buffers shall be retained in their natural condition. Where buffer disturbances have occurred before or during construction, revegetation with native vegetation and restoration of the hydrologic condition shall be required. D. Buffer Widths. 1. All buffers shall be measured perpendicular from the wetland boundary. 2. The width of the wetland buffer area shall be determined pursuant to Table 21.40-2 based upon the associated wetland category and impact intensity category of the proposed use. Widths shall be increased pursuant to SVMC 21.40.022(D)(3) and may be reduced pursuant to SVMC 21.40.022(D)(4). Wetland categories shall be assigned in accordance with SVMC 21.040.021(B) and consistent with Ecology's Wetlands in Washington State, Volume 2;Protecting and Managing Wetlands, Guidance on Buffers and Ratios(Appendix 8-D), as may be amended. Land use intensity shall be determined as follows (uses not specifically listed shall be considered based upon the most similar use listed): Table 21.40-1. Wetland Impact Intensity Categories Impact Intensity Category (impact Types of Land Use from proposed change in land use) High Impact Commercial, industrial, and institutional Residential (more than one unit/acre) High-intensity recreation (golf courses, ball fields, etc.) Moderate Impact Residential (one unit/acre or less) Moderate-intensity active open space (parks with biking, jogging, etc.) Paved trails Utility corridor with access/maintenance road 11 Low Impact Passive open space (hiking, bird-watching, etc.) Unpaved trails Utility corridor without road or vegetation management Table 21.40-2. Standard Wetland Buffer Widths Minimum Buffer Width (in feet) Wetland Low Moderate High Category Impact Impact Impact 125 190 250 II 100 150 200 III 75 110 150 IV 25 40 50 3. Increase in Standard Wetland Buffer Width. a. If the land adjacent to a wetland has an average slope of 30 percent or more, the minimum buffer width shall either: Be extended 1.5 times; or ii. Extend to the upper break in slope (where the slope gradient is less than 30 percent for 20 feet or more perpendicular to the wetland, whichever is less). 4. Reduction of Standard Wetland Buffer Width. a. The standard wetland buffer width for wetlands may be reduced to the next, lower land use intensity buffer width (e.g., from high to moderate), or reduced by no more than 25 percent if: A relatively undisturbed vegetative corridor of at least 100 feet in width is protected between the wetland and any other priority habitats and the corridor is preserved by means of easement or covenant; or ii. All measures identified in Table 21.40-3 are taken to minimize the impact of any proposed land use. Table 21.40-3.Wetland Impact Minimization Measures Disturbance Required Measures to Minimize Impacts Lights Direct lights away from wetland. 12 Noise Locate activity that generates noise away from wetland. If warranted, enhance existing buffer with native vegetation plantings adjacent to noise source. For activities that generate relatively continuous, potentially disruptive noise, such as certain heavy industry or mining, establish an additional 10-foot-wide, heavily-vegetated buffer strip immediately adjacent to the outer wetland buffer. Chemical use Establish covenants limiting use of pesticides within 150 feet of wetland. Apply integrated pest management. Stormwater runoff Route all untreated runoff away from wetland while ensuring wetland is not dewatered. Retrofit older stormwater facilities to meet current standards. Prevent channelized flow that directly enters the buffer. Infiltrate or treat, detain, and disperse into buffer new runoff from impervious surfaces and new lawns. Pets and human Use privacy fencing or plant dense, thorny vegetation to delineate disturbance buffer edge and to discourage disturbance using vegetation appropriate for the City. Dust Use best management practices to control dust. Disruption of Maintain connections to off-site areas that are undisturbed. corridors or Restore corridors or connections to off-site habitats by replanting. connections Vegetation Protect and maintain native plant communities in buffers. alteration 5. Standard Buffer Width Averaging. a. Standard wetland buffer width may be averaged (reduced in width near a parcel or development but widened elsewhere along the parcel or development to retain the overall area of the standard wetland buffer) if all of the following conditions are met: The buffer is increased adjacent to the higher-functioning area of habitat or more sensitive portion of the wetland, and decreased adjacent to the lower-functioning or less sensitive portion; ii. The total area of the buffer after averaging is equal or greater than to the area required without averaging; and The buffer at its narrowest point is never less than 75 percent of the standard buffer width. b. Standard wetland buffer width may be averaged to allow reasonable use of a parcel when all of the following are met: 13 The averaged buffer does not result in overall degradation of the wetland's functions and values as demonstrated by a report from a qualified professional; and ii. The buffer at its narrowest point is never less than 75 percent of the required width, or 75 feet for Category I and II, 50 feet for Category III, and 25 feet of Category IV, whichever is greater. 21.40.023 Signs and Fencing. A. Temporary. 1. The outer perimeter of wetland buffers and the clearing limits shall be fenced to ensure that no unauthorized intrusion occurs during construction. Temporary fencing shall be designed and installed to effectively prevent construction and related impacts. 2. Temporary signs and fencing shall be placed prior to beginning permitted activities and maintained throughout construction. B. Permanent. 1. The Director may require installation of permanent signs and/or fencing along the boundary of a wetland or buffer where public or high traffic pedestrian uses may occur to protect critical areas. 2. Where required, permanent signs shall be made of an enamel-coated metal face and attached to a metal post or another non-treated material of equal durability. Signs shall be posted at an interval of one per lot or every 50 feet, whichever is less, and shall be maintained in perpetuity by the property owner. Any modification of the location or materials required for permanent signs shall be approved by the Director. The obligation to maintain permanent signs shall be recorded against the property in a form acceptable to the City. 3. The signs shall be worded as follows or with alternative language approved by the Director: Protected Wetland Area Do Not Disturb Contact the City of Spokane Valley Community and Economic Development Department Regarding Uses, Restrictions, and Opportunities for Stewardship 4. Permanent fence shall be installed around the wetland buffer when domestic grazing animals are present or may be introduced on-site. 5. Fencing shall be constructed in a manner that minimizes impacts to the wetland and associated habitat and designed to not interfere with species migration, including fish runs. Fencing materials shall not be made or treated with toxic chemicals. 21.40.024 Wetland Mitigation. A. Mitigation Ratios. 1. Impacts resulting from alteration to wetlands shall be mitigated using the ratios specified below: Table 20.40-4. Wetland Mitigation Area Ratios' 14 Category and Type Creation or Re- of Wetland establishment Rehabilitation Enhancement Category I 4:1 8:1 16:1 Category II 3:1 6:1 12:1 Category III 2:1 4:1 8:1 Category IV 1.5:1 3:1 6:1 1 Refer to Wetland Mitigation in Washington State, Part 1:Agency Policies and Guidance (Ecology Publication No. 06-06-011a, March 2006), for further information on wetland creation, re-establishment, rehabilitation, and enhancement. 2. Impacts to buffers shall be mitigated at a 1:1 ratio. Only vegetated buffer areas may be included in mitigation calculations. Lawns, walkways, driveways, and other mowed or developed areas shall be excluded from buffer area calculations. 3. Credit/Debit Method. As an alternative to the mitigation ratios provided in SVMC 21.40.024, the Director may allow mitigation based on the "credit/debit" method developed by Ecology in Calculating Credits and Debits for Compensatory Mitigation in Wetlands of Eastern Washington:Final Report(Ecology Publication No. 11-06-015, August 2012, as adopted or as amended). B. Off-Site Mitigation. 1. Wetland mitigation may be permitted off-site if the primary drainage basin will not be substantially damaged by the loss of affected wetland hydrologic, water quality, or habitat functions as determined by a qualified professional; and a. On-site mitigation is not scientifically feasible due to problems with hydrology, soils, or other factors such as other potentially adverse impacts from surrounding land uses; b, Existing functions off site are significantly greater than lost wetland functional values; or c. Goals for flood storage, flood conveyance, habitat, or other wetland functions have been established and off-site mitigation is strongly justified by meeting such goals. 2. Wetland Mitigation Banks and Fee-in-lieu Programs. a. Credits from a wetland mitigation bank or fee-in-lieu program may be approved as off-site mitigation for unavoidable impacts to wetlands when: The bank or fee-in-lieu program is certified under state rules; ii. The Director determines that the wetland mitigation bank provides appropriate compensation for the authorized impacts; and 15 iii. The proposed use of credits is consistent with the terms and conditions of the certified bank instrument. b. Replacement ratios for projects using bank credits shall be consistent with replacement ratios specified in the certified bank instrument. c. Credits from a certified wetland mitigation bank may be used to compensate for impacts located within the service area specified in the certified bank instrument. In some cases, the service area of the bank may include portions of more than one adjacent drainage basin for specific wetland functions. The use of bank credits out of the established service area of the nearest available bank must be approved by the City, WDFW, and Ecology. d. When applying for a wetland mitigation bank or fee-in-lieu program, the applicant shall prepare a wetland mitigation bank credit use plan that documents consistency with these criteria and shows how the identified wetland type and associated functions will be compensated for by purchase of the credits. C. Design. 1. Design of wetland mitigation projects shall be appropriate for its landscape position. Compensatory mitigation shall result in the creation, restoration, or enhancement of a wetland that matches the geomorphic setting of the site. 2. The design of a wetland that has a different Coward in or hydrogeomorphic classification than the impacted wetland may be justified if supported by a demonstrated need for, or scarcity of, the wetland type being designed. D. Timing. 1. To minimize temporal loss of wetland ecological functions, compensatory mitigation shall be completed prior to activities that disturb wetlands where feasible. 2. Where mitigation cannot be completed prior to wetland impacts, compensatory mitigation shall be completed immediately following disturbance and prior to use or occupancy of the action or development. 3. Understanding that construction of mitigation projects should be timed to reduce impacts to existing fisheries, wildlife, and flora, the City may authorize a delay of mitigation when the applicant provides a compelling written rationale for the delay with recommendations from a qualified wetland professional. In such cases, the delay shall not: a. Create or perpetuate hazardous conditions; b. Create environmental damage or degradation; or c. Be injurious to the health, safety, or general welfare of the public. 21.40.025 Additional Critical Area Report Requirements for Wetlands. In addition to the critical area report requirements in SVMC 21.40.15, wetland reports shall include the following: A. Documentation of any fieldwork performed on the site, including but not limited to field data sheets for delineations, function assessments, ratings, and baseline hydrologic data; 16 B. A description of the methodologies used to conduct the wetland delineations, function assessments, or impact analyses including references; C. For each wetland identified on site, adjacent to, and within 200 feet of the project site provide: 1. Required buffers; 2. Wetland rating, hydrogeomorphic classification, Cowardin classification of vegetation communities, on-site wetland acreage, and ecological function of the wetland and buffer based on a professional survey from the field delineation. All assessments shall be based on entire wetland complexes, not only the portion present on the proposed project site; 3. Estimates of acreage and boundary for the entire wetland area where portions of the wetland extend off site; 4. Description of habitat elements; 5. Soil conditions based on site assessment and/or soil survey information; and 6. To the extent possible, hydrologic information such as location and condition of inlet/outlets (if they can be legally accessed), estimated water depths within the wetland, and estimated hydroperiod patterns based on visual cues (e.g., algal mats, drift lines, flood debris); D. A description of the proposed actions and survey and an analysis of site development alternatives including a no-development alternative; E. An assessment of the probable impacts to the wetlands and buffers resulting from the proposed development, including: 1. An estimation of acreages of impacts to wetlands and buffers based on the field delineation; 2. Impacts associated with anticipated hydroperiod alterations from the project; and 3. Impacted wetland functions; F. A description of how mitigation sequencing was applied pursuant to chapter 21.40 SVMC; G. A discussion of mitigation measures, proposed to preserve existing wetlands and restore any wetlands that will be degraded by the current proposed land-use activity; H. Methods to protect and enhance on-site habitat and wetland functions; A site plan, drawn to scale, with the following information: 1. Delineated wetland(s)and required buffer(s)for on-site wetlands as well as off-site critical areas that extend onto the project site; 2. Areas of proposed impacts to wetlands and/or buffers (include square footage estimates); and 3. Proposed stormwater management facilities and outlets for the development, including estimated areas of intrusion into the buffers of any critical areas; and J. A mitigation plan, if required. 17 1. The plan shall address mitigation site selection criteria and goals and objectives in relation to the functions and values of the impacted critical area. Details in the mitigation plan shall include, but not be limited to: a. The proposed construction method, sequence, timing, and duration; b. Grading and excavation details; c. Erosion and sediment control features; d. Dates for beginning and completion of mitigation activities; e. A planting plan, if applicable, specifying plant species, quantities, locations, size, spacing, and density; and measures to protect and maintain plants until established; and f. Detailed site diagrams, scaled cross-sectional drawings, topographic maps showing slope percentage and final grade elevations, and any other drawings appropriate to show construction techniques or anticipated final outcome. 2. The mitigation plan shall include a monitoring plan to ensure success of the mitigation plan. The plan shall conform to the monitoring requirements outlined in SVMC 21.40.017. 21.40.030 Fish and Wildlife Habitat Conservation Areas. SVMC 21.40.030 through SVMC 21.40.036 apply to all clearing, uses, modifications, or development activities within designated fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas (FWHCAs) and associated buffers. 21.40.031 Designation. All areas meeting one or more of the following criteria, regardless of any formal identification, are hereby designated FWHCAs: A. Areas where the following species and/or habitats have a primary association: 1. Federally-designated endangered and threatened species. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) and the National Marine Fisheries Service shall be consulted for current listing status. 2. State-designated endangered, threatened, and sensitive species pursuant to WAC 232- 12-014 (state endangered species) and WAC 232-12-011 (state threatened and sensitive species). The WDFW maintains the most current listing and shall be consulted for current listing status. 3. State priority habitats and areas associated with state priority species. Priority habitats and species (PHS) are managed by the WDFW. Priority habitat maps are amended from time to time by WDFW. Within the City, priority habitats include wetlands, open waterways, riparian areas, urban open space, and the habitat associated with individual native species. Priority habitat data is included in the City's Fish and Wildlife Habitat Critical Areas Map. B. Naturally occurring ponds under 20 acres and their submerged aquatic beds that provide fish or wildlife habitat, including those artificial ponds intentionally created from upland areas for mitigation purposes. Naturally occurring ponds do not include ponds deliberately designed and created from dry sites, such as stormwater treatment or detention facilities, wastewater treatment 18 facilities, temporary construction ponds, and landscape amenities. To distinguish between ponds and wetlands, refer to current state or federal definitions and guidance. C. Ponds or lakes artificially created as a result of mining once mining is complete and the mine reclamation plan has been implemented and deemed complete by DNR. D. Waters of the State. Waters of the state include lakes, rivers, ponds, streams, inland waters, underground waters, salt waters, and all other surface waters and watercourses, including wetlands, within the jurisdiction of the state of Washington, as classified in WAC 222-16-030. Water type classifications are as follows: 1. "Type S water" means all waters, within their bankable width, as inventoried as "shorelines of the state" pursuant to chapter 90.58 RCW and the rules promulgated pursuant to chapter 90.58 RCW including periodically inundated areas of their associated wetlands. Type S waters have mean annual flows averaging 20 or more cubic feet per second. Type S waters are regulated pursuant to the City's SMP and chapter 21.50 SVMC. 2. "Type F water" means segments of natural waters other than Type S waters, which are within the bankfull widths of defined channels and periodically inundated areas of their associated wetlands, or within lakes, ponds, or impoundments having a surface area of one-half acre or greater at seasonal low water and which in any case contain fish habitat or are described by one of the following four categories: a. Waters that are diverted for domestic use by more than 10 residential or camping units or by a public accommodation facility licensed to serve more than 10 persons, where such diversion is determined by the City to be a valid appropriation of water and the only practical water source for such users. Such waters shall be considered to be Type F water upstream from the point of such diversion for 1,500 feet or until the drainage area is reduced by 50 percent, whichever is less. b. Waters that are diverted for use by federal, state, tribal, or private fish hatcheries. Such waters shall be considered Type F water upstream from the point of diversion for 1,500 feet, including tributaries, if highly significant for protection of downstream water quality. The City may allow additional harvest beyond the requirements of Type F water designation provided the City determines, after a landowner-requested on-site assessment by the WDFW, Ecology, the affected tribes, and interested parties that: The management practices proposed by the landowner adequately protect water quality for the fish hatchery; and H. Such additional harvest meets the requirements of the water type designation that would apply in the absence of the hatchery. c. Waters that are within a federal, state, local, or private campground having more than 10 camping units, provided that the water shall not be considered to enter a campground until it reaches the boundary of the park lands available for public use and comes within 100 feet of a camping unit, trail, or other park improvement. d. Riverine ponds, wall-based channels, and other channel features that are used by fish for off-channel habitat. These areas are critical to the maintenance of optimum survival of fish. This habitat shall be identified based on the following criteria: 19 The site is connected to a fish habitat stream and accessible during some period of the year; and ii. The off-channel water is accessible to fish. 3. "Type Np water" means all segments of natural waters within the bankfull width of defined channels that are perennial non-fish habitat streams. Perennial streams are waters that do not go dry any time of a year of normal rainfall. However, for the purpose of water typing, Type Np waters include the intermittent dry portions of the perennial channel below the uppermost point of perennial flow. If the uppermost point of perennial flow cannot be identified with simple, nontechnical observations then Type Np waters begin at a point along the channel where the contributing basin area is at least 300 acres. 4. "Type Ns water" means all segments of natural waters within the bankfull width of the defined channels that are not Type S, F, or Np waters. These are seasonal, non-fish habitat streams in which surface flow is not present for at least some portion of a year of normal rainfall and that are not located downstream from any stream reach that is a Type Np water. Type Ns waters must be physically connected by an aboveground channel system to Type S, F, or Np waters. E. State Natural Area Preserves and Natural Resource Conservation Areas. Natural area preserves and natural resource conservation areas are defined, established, and managed by the DNR. F. Areas of Rare Plant Species and High Quality Ecosystems. Areas of rare plant species and high quality ecosystems are identified by the DNR through the Natural Heritage Program. G. Lands designated on state, regional, or local government agency plans (e.g. parks or transportation) as useful or essential for preserving connections between habitat blocks and open spaces. 21.40.032 Habitat Buffers and Riparian Management Zones. A. Buffers to protect shoreline Type S waters are mapped by the City and regulated pursuant to the City's SMP and chapter 21.50 SVMC. B. Buffers to protect state- or federally-designated sensitive wildlife FWHCAs shall be based on the recommendations of a FWHCA critical area report prepared by a qualified professional pursuant to SVMC 21.40.036. Habitat buffers shall not exceed 100 horizontal feet from the edge of the FWHCA. C. Riparian Management Zones for Waters of the State. 1. Designation. Riparian management zones (RMZs) are based on the water type classification as described in SVMC 21.40.031(D). RMZs are measured perpendicular to the ordinary high water line or bankfull channel width boundary of a delineated stream. RMZ widths are summarized as follows: Table 21.40-5. Riparian Management Zones Buffer Widths Stream Classification RMZ Width Type S—Shorelines of the state See SMP Type F— Natural waters not classified as 150' shorelines of the state with fish (e.g. Chester and Saltese Creeks) 20 Type Np— Non-fish, perennial 50' Type Ns — Non-fish, seasonal 30' 2. RMZ Requirements. a. RMZs shall be retained or maintained in a natural condition, and vegetation within RMZs shall be conserved as feasible to provide shade, habitat, and water quality functions for the associated stream. b. Where activities are proposed within a RMZ, mitigation measures shall be specified in a habitat management plan and may include but are not limited to one or more of the following: Fencing of riparian buffer area to protect remaining vegetation; ii. Non-native/noxious weed removal and maintenance; and/or Enhancement of RMZ through planting of native vegetation. c. Proposed pedestrian/bike trails shall demonstrate though best available science that the location and width of the trail minimizes any adverse impacts on habitat and that measures to reduce effects during construction are implemented. d. Off-road motorized vehicle use in riparian management zones is prohibited. 21.40.033 Performance Standards. All development and uses shall be prohibited within FWHCAs and their buffers, except when they are in accordance with SVMC 21.40.033. A. No Net Loss. A FWHCA buffer may be altered only if the proposed alteration of the habitat or the mitigation proposed does not create a net loss of the quantitative and qualitative ecological functions necessary to sustain the FWHCA. B. No plant, wildlife, or fish species not indigenous to the region shall be introduced into a FWHCA unless authorized by a state or federal permit or approval. C. Contiguous functioning habitat corridors are preferred to minimize the isolating effects of development on habitat areas. D. Vegetation. 1. Vegetation shall be maintained in its natural state and shall be disturbed only as minimally necessary for the development. 2. Riparian vegetation shall not be removed unless there are no other alternatives available, as documented in a habitat management plan prepared by a qualified professional. When it is necessary, only those areas of vegetation that are absolutely unavoidable may be cleared and shall be re-vegetated with natural riparian vegetation as soon as possible. E. The subdivision of land shall comply with the following provisions: 1. Plat area that is located wholly within a FWHCA or its buffer may not be subdivided; 21 2. Plat area that is located partially within a FWHCA or its buffer may be divided provided that an accessible and contiguous portion of each new lot is located outside of the FWHCA or its buffer; and 3. Access roads and utilities serving the proposal may be permitted within the FWHCA and associated buffers only if the City determines that no other feasible alternative exists and when consistent with chapter 21.40 SVMC. F. A project may be conditioned to minimize or mitigate any potential adverse impacts. Conditions may include, but are not limited to, the following: 1. Establishment of buffer zones; 2. Preservation of critically important vegetation and requirements for re-vegetation of disturbed areas with native plants; 3. Vegetation screenings to reduce the potential for harassment from people and/or domesticated animals; 4. Limitation of access to the habitat area during critical times of the year; 5. Fencing to protect wildlife and deter unauthorized access; 6. Dedication of all or part of the required open space to fish and wildlife habitat conservation; and 7. Seasonal restriction of construction activities. G. FWHCAs with Endangered, Threatened, or Sensitive Species. 1. No development shall be allowed within a FWHCA or buffer where state or federal endangered, threatened, or sensitive species have a primary association without state and federal consultation and approval from WDFW and USFWS, respectively. 2. Approval for alteration of land or activities adjacent to a FWHCA having a primary association with state or federally endangered, threatened, or sensitive species shall not occur prior to consultation with the WDFW. 3. Bald eagle habitat shall be protected consistent with the federal Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act and the Migratory Bird Treaty Act, which may require coordination with the USFWS. 21.40.034 Adjustment of Habitat Buffer Areas. A. Habitat buffer areas may be reduced by the Director up to a maximum of 10 percent if the buffer area is enhanced using native plants, including trees and shrubs, according to a habitat management plan prepared in consultation with the Spokane County Conservation District and the WDFW. B. The habitat buffer width may be averaged (reduced in width near a development but widened elsewhere to retain the overall area of the habitat buffer) if all of the following conditions are met: 1. The FWHCA has significant differences in characteristics that affect its habitat functions, such as a native forested component adjacent to a degraded herbaceous component; 22 2. The buffer is increased adjacent to the higher-functioning area of habitat or more sensitive portion of the FWHCA and decreased adjacent to the lower-functioning or less sensitive portion; 3. The total area of the buffer, after averaging, is equal to or greater than the area required without averaging; and 4. The buffer at its narrowest point is never less than 75 percent of the original habitat buffer width. C. Reductions for Functionally Isolated RMZ Areas. 1. RMZs shall not extend beyond linear roadways or large paved areas (e.g., parking lots) where the intersecting development results in habitats that are functionally isolated from the stream area by the intervening feature. This applies only to paved roads and gravel roads that receive more than one vehicle per hour average daily traffic (does not apply to infrequently used driveways, trails, etc.). D. Habitat buffer areas may be increased by the Director up to a maximum of 25 percent if: 1. The land adjacent to water is susceptible to severe erosion and other erosion control measures will not prevent adverse impacts; or 2. The land adjacent to the water has minimal vegetative cover or slopes greater than 30 percent. E. The provisions of SVMC 21.40.034 shall not apply to areas regulated by the City pursuant to its SMP and chapter 21.50 SVMC. 21.40.035 Fish and Wildlife Habitat Mitigation. A. When necessary, fish and wildlife habitat mitigation shall be documented in a habitat management plan (See SVMC 21.40.036(A)). B. Mitigation sites shall be located: 1. Preferably to achieve contiguous-functioning habitat corridors that minimize the isolating effects of development on habitat areas; and 2. Within the same aquatic ecosystem as the area disturbed. C. Where available, irrigation shall be installed for mitigation plantings to ensure survival during the first two years of plant growth. D. Landscaping plans shall be informed by local reference riparian and shrub-steppe vegetation conditions and be prepared by a qualified professional or landscape architect. Only native vegetation may be used in habitat mitigation plans, excluding sterile vegetation used for temporary erosion control. E. Mitigation shall be installed no later than the next growing season after completion of buffer impacts, unless otherwise approved by the Director. F. Mitigation sites shall be maintained to ensure that the mitigation and management plan objectives are successful. 1. Maintenance shall include corrective actions to rectify problems, including rigorous, as- needed elimination of undesirable plants; protection of shrubs and small trees from 23 herbivory and competition by grasses and herbaceous plants; and repair and replacement of any dead woody plants. 2. Areas proposed for mitigation shall be maintained so they have no more than 20 percent total plant cover consisting of invasive species. Invasive species include any species on the state noxious weed list. G. Monitoring Required. An applicant shall monitor the performance of any required mitigation and submit performance monitoring reports annually to the City. 1. Mitigation sites shall be monitored for a period of time appropriate to the proposed mitigation as determined in a habitat management plan prepared by a qualified professional. 2. At the end of the monitoring period, the qualified professional shall be required to verify that the conditions of approval and provisions in the habitat management plan have been satisfied. 3. Mitigation planting survival shall be 100 percent for the first year and 80 percent for each subsequent year. 4. If the final annual monitoring report clearly demonstrates that the site has achieved all goals and objectives set forth in the approved habitat management plan, the applicant shall be released from additional mitigation obligations. If, however, performance objectives are not met, additional maintenance, adaptive management, and performance monitoring shall be required until all objectives are met. 21.40.036 Additional Critical Area Report Requirements for Fish and Wildlife Habitat Conservation Areas. A. Report Contents. In addition to the critical area report requirements in SVMC 21.40.015, FWHCA reports shall include: 1. Habitat assessment, including: a. Detailed description of vegetation on and adjacent to the project area; b. Identification of any plant or animal species of local importance, PHS, or endangered, threatened, sensitive, or candidate species that have a primary association with habitat on or adjacent to the project area, and assessment of potential project impacts to the use of the site by the species; c. A discussion of any federal, state, or local special management recommendations, including WDFW habitat management recommendations, that have been developed for species or habitats located on or adjacent to the project area; d. A discussion of measures, including mitigation sequencing, proposed to preserve existing habitats or restore any habitat that was degraded prior to the current proposed land use activity; and e. A discussion of ongoing management practices that will protect habitat after the project site has been developed, including proposed monitoring and maintenance programs. 24 2. Habitat Management Plan. Any proposal in a FWHCA, associated buffer area, or within one-quarter mile of a priority species den or nest site shall provide a habitat management plan which includes at least the following: a. A plan, drawn to scale, that identifies: The location of the proposed site; ii. The relationship of the site to surrounding topography and developed areas; di. The nature and intensity of the proposed use or activity; iv. Proposed improvement(s) locations and arrangements; v. The location of the ordinary high water mark, SMP, and RMZ boundary lines; vi. The legal description and the total acreage of the parcel; vii. Existing structures and landscape features including the name and location of all waters within 300 feet of the proposal; and viii. The location of priority habitat types or priority species point locations within one-quarter mile of the proposal. b. An analysis of the effect of the proposed use or activity upon FWHCAs or associated species and riparian habitat area; c. A mitigation plan that may include, but is not limited to: Establishment of perpetual buffer areas; ii. Preservation and/or restoration of native flora; di. Limitation of access to habitat area; iv. Seasonal restriction of construction activities; v. Clustering of development and preservation of open space; vi. Signs marking habitats or habitat buffer areas; vii. Use of low impact development techniques; viii. Recorded deed, plat, binding site plan or Planned Unit Development covenant, condition, or restriction legally establishing FWHCA for subject property; ix. Conservation or preservation easements; and x. Dedication or conveyance of title of a FWHCA to a public entity for the purpose of conservation. d. A summary of consultation with the WDFW. If the habitat management plan recommends mitigation involving federally-listed threatened or endangered species, migratory waterfowl, or wetlands, the USFWS shall receive a copy of the draft habitat management plan and their review comments shall be included in 25 the final report. The Director shall have the authority to approve habitat management plans or require additional information. B. Conditions established by an approved habitat management plan shall be included as a condition of approval for a permit. 21.40.040 Special Flood Hazard Areas. Chapter 21.30 SVMC is incorporated by reference herein and governs all uses, activities, and structures within special flood hazard areas. 21.40.041 Additional Critical Areas Report Requirements for Special Flood Hazard Areas. A. In addition to the critical area report requirements in SVMC 21.40.015, critical area reports for Special Flood Hazard Areas shall include a site plan, showing: 1. All areas of a special flood hazard within 200 feet of the project area, as indicated on the currently adopted flood insurance map(s); 2. The 100-year flood elevation, the 10- and 50-year flood elevations (if available), and floodway; 3. Critical areas, buffers, and shoreline areas; and 4. Elevation of the lowest floor (including basement) of all structures, and the level to which any nonresidential structure has been flood-proofed. B. Alteration of natural watercourses shall be avoided, if feasible. If unavoidable, the critical area report shall include: 1. A description of and plan showing the extent to which a watercourse will be altered or relocated; 2. A maintenance plan that provides maintenance practices for the altered or relocated portion of the watercourse to ensure that the flood-carrying capacity is not diminished and downstream or upstream properties are not impacted; and 3. A description of how the proposed watercourse alteration complies with the requirements of FWHCAs, the SMP, and other applicable state or federal permit requirements. 21.40.050 Geologically Hazardous Areas. SVMC 21.40.050 through SVMC 21.40.054 shall apply to all clearing, uses, modifications, or development activities within or possibly impacting designated geologically-hazardous areas and associated buffers. 21.40.051 Exemptions. The following shall be exempt from the provisions of SVMC 21.40.052 through SVMC 21.40.054: A. Operation, maintenance, or repair activities that do not require construction permits and do not alter the topography or the hydrology, and do not significantly alter the vegetation so long as the activity does not further alter or increase impact to, or encroach further within, the critical area or buffer and there is no increased risk to life or property as a result of the proposed operation, maintenance or repair. 26 B. Work directly related to ending a condition that(a) is an immediate threat to the public health, safety, and welfare, or creates an immediate risk of damage to public or private property, and (b) requires remedial or preventive action in a time frame too short to allow compliance with the application provisions of SVMC 21.40.052 through SVMC 21.40.054 provided that the work is the minimum work necessary to end the condition and the work is consistent with the development standards of chapter 21.40 SVMC to the extent practicable. Once the Director determines that the condition no longer meets these criteria, all work is subject to the provisions of chapter 21.40 SVMC, including, but not limited to, its application requirements, its development standards, and any requirements for technical reports and reviews for work that was exempt at the time it was performed. C. Low impact activities such as passive recreation, scientific research, conservation practices, harvesting of wild crops, noxious weed control, and pedestrian/bike trails. 21.40.052 Designation and Classification. A. Areas susceptible to one or more of the following types of hazards shall be classified as a geologically hazardous area: 1. Erosion hazard. Often associated with steep slopes, unconsolidated soils, severe rill, and interrill erosion potential per U.S. Department of Natural Resource Conservation Service (NRCS), sparse vegetation. 2. Landslide hazard. Often associated with steep slopes such as 30 percent or greater with vertical relief of 10 or more feet, undercut slopes, groundwater over relatively impermeable substrate, areas of historic failures, Latah formation (sedimentary layers of clay interlain between basalt flows). 3. Seismic hazard. Often associated with severe risk of damage as a result of earthquake- induced ground shaking, slope failure, settlement or subsidence, soil liquefaction, surface faulting. The City is not in an area of severe risk for seismic hazards; therefore, no designation of these areas is warranted at this time; or 4. Areas subject to other geological events such as surface mine hazards, volcanic hazards, mass wasting, debris flows, rock falls, and differential settlement. Initial research and investigation has determined that these hazards do not currently exist in the City at a level warranting designation. B. The approximate location and extent of geologically-hazardous areas are shown on the adopted critical area maps and data as obtained from pertinent agencies such as the following: • U.S. Geological Survey; • NRCS; • Washington Department of Natural Resources; • FEMA flood insurance maps; and • Locally adopted maps. The maps and data sources provide a general level of information and are not intended to pinpoint geologic hazards on individual sites or properties. The City shall maintain a collection of potential geologically-hazardous area inventory maps and data or locations of data for purposes of providing information on the general location of geologically-hazardous areas. Use of the 27 maps and data shall be for informational purposes only. The geologically-hazardous areas maps and data shall be updated as more accurate information becomes available. C. Areas exhibiting the characteristics of geologically-hazardous areas pursuant to SVMC 21.40.052(A)that are not designated on the geologic hazard inventory maps (21.40.052(B)) may be designated as critical areas by City staff or a qualified professional at the time of project review. D. Due to the uncertainties in delineating geological hazards, buffers shall be established from all edges of geologically-hazardous areas. 1. The minimum buffer shall be 50 feet and shall extend to the top of the slope above the hazard area. 2. The buffer may be reduced to a minimum of 10 feet when a qualified professional demonstrates that the reduction will adequately protect the proposed development, adjacent developments and uses, and the subject critical area. 3. The buffer may be increased where the City determines a larger buffer is necessary to prevent risk of damage to proposed and existing development. 21.40.053 Performance Standards. A. Unless specifically exempt above or otherwise waived by the City, the applicant of any proposed activity in a parcel with boundaries within 50 feet of a geologic hazard area and/or its buffer(if designated)or in area determined by a qualified professional to be a potential geologic hazard, especially those activities that alter the topography, vegetation, or hydrology, shall: 1. Attend a pre-development conference with the City on the project; 2. If applicable, meet the requirements of the Spokane Regional Stormwater Manual (SRSM)and shall apply for and meet the requirements of an engineered grading permit pursuant to chapter 24.050 SVMC; 3. Retain a geologist currently licensed in Washington state or a qualified geotechnical engineer(a professional engineer currently licensed by the State of Washington with geotechnical engineering as a specialty)to: a. Review all aspects of the project's design (topography, landscaping, stormwater, etc.), construction (clearing, grubbing, grading, erosion, phasing, etc.), operation, and maintenance; and b. Provide recommendations, with copies of the review comments and recommendations provided to the City. Recommendations may specify that no activity may occur or that some or all may occur. For any proposed activity that the geologist or geotechnical engineer states may occur, the recommendations shall ensure that the proposed activity both in short term and in long term: Minimizes impacts; ii. Shall not result in any damage to other property; iii. Shall not increase the risk or threat of the geological hazard to adjacent properties beyond pre-development conditions; iv. Shall not result in a need for increased buffers on neighboring properties; 28 v. Shall not adversely impact other critical areas; vi. Is designed using best management practices and best available science; vii. Is designed so that the hazard is eliminated or mitigated to a level equal to or less than pre-development conditions; viii. Is determined to be safe as designed and under anticipated conditions; and ix. Locates structures and improvements such that the most critical portion of the site and its natural landforms and vegetation are preserved. c. Prepare a geotechnical study that addresses the following: A detailed description of the project, its relationship to the geologic hazard(s), and its potential impact upon the hazard area, the subject property, and affected adjacent properties; ii. A description of the surface and subsurface geology, hydrology, soils, and vegetation found in the project area and in all hazard areas addressed in the report; iii. Vegetation needing to be retained or removed; iv. The present stability of the proposed development, stability of the proposed site during construction, stability after all development activity is completed, and a discussion of the relative risks and slide potential relating to adjacent properties during each stage of development; v. Proposed location of buildings, roadways, and other improvements that reflect careful consideration of geohazards and efforts to avoid or minimize impacts; vi. Grading and earthwork, including compaction and fill material requirements; use of site soils as fill or backfill, imported fill or backfill requirements; height and inclination of both cut and fill slopes, terracing, and erosion control; and wet weather considerations and/or limitations; vii. A detailed overview of the field investigations, published data, and references; data and conclusions from past assessments of the site; and site-specific measurements, tests, investigations, or studies that support the identification of geologically-hazardous areas; viii. A description of the vulnerability of the site to seismic and other geologic events; ix. Recommendations for the minimum no-disturbance buffer and minimum building setback from any geologic hazard based upon the geotechnical analysis; x. A mitigation plan addressing how the activity maintains or reduces the pre-existing level of risk to the site and adjacent properties on a long- term basis (equal to or exceeding the projected lifespan of the activity or occupation); specific mitigation measures for impacts to all critical areas and related buffers before, during, and after construction; 29 xi. Location and methods of drainage and surface water management. A plan and schedule to monitor stormwater runoff discharges from the site shall be included if there is a significant risk of damage to downstream properties or receiving waters; xii. Locations and methods of erosion control, a vegetation management and/or replanting plan, and/or other means for maintaining long-term soil stability; xiii. Impacts of landslide run-out on downslope properties; xiv. Recommendations for building limitations, structural foundations, and an estimate of foundation settlement; xv. An analysis of proposed surface and subsurface drainage and the vulnerability of the site to erosion; and xvi. Documents findings, recommendations, and concerns. d. Observe and assess mitigation performance during monitoring period. B. The City shall review the proposals, recommendations, and geotechnical study and may condition the project based upon its review to ensure the applicant provides all necessary mitigation to ensure there are no remaining safety concerns associated with alteration of the geologically- hazardous area. To expedite review, the City may hire a qualified professional for this review, which would be paid for at the applicant's expense. 21.40.054 Additional Critical Areas Report Requirements for Geologically Hazardous Areas. A. Report Requirements. In addition to the critical area report requirements in SVMC 21.40.015, geologically-hazardous area reports shall include: 1. A site plan showing the following: a. The location of all geologic hazard areas, springs, seeps, or other surface expressions of groundwater on or within 200 feet of the project area; b. Location and boundaries of all critical areas and related buffers on the site and on adjacent lands within 25 feet of the site's property lines, noting both total square footage and percentage of site covered by critical areas and related buffers; c. Location and identification of all riparian corridors and wetlands within 100 feet of the site's property lines; d. Location and boundaries of all existing and proposed site improvements on the site, on adjacent lands within 25 feet of the site's property lines, and on the full width of abutting public rights-of-way and private easements. This shall include the amount of proposed land-disturbing activities, including amounts of developmental coverage, impervious surfaces, and construction activity areas (noting total square footage and percentage of site occupied); e. Stormwater-flow characteristics within the site, on adjacent sites within 25 feet of the site's property lines, and on the full width of abutting public rights-of-way and private easements; 30 f. Location of all grading activities in progress, and all natural and artificial drainage control facilities or systems in existence or on adjacent lands or on the site or within 25 feet of the site's property lines, and in the full width of abutting public rights-of-way and private easements; g. Location of all existing utilities (water, sewer, gas, electric, phone, cable, etc.), both above and below ground, on the site, on adjacent lands within 25 feet of the site's property lines, and in the full width of abutting public rights-of-way; h. For a proposal potentially affecting or affected by an Erosion or Landslide Hazard Area: The height of slope, slope gradient, and cross section of the project area within the hazard area; and ii. Stormwater runoff disposal location and flow patterns. B. Geologically-hazardous area reports shall be prepared by a geologist currently licensed in Washington state or a qualified geotechnical engineer (a professional engineer currently licensed by the State of Washington with geotechnical engineering as a specialty). C. A geotechnical report, prepared within the last five years for a nearby and applicable site, and where the proposed land use activity and surrounding site conditions are unchanged, may be incorporated into the required critical area report for reference. The applicant shall submit a geotechnical assessment detailing any changed environmental conditions associated with the site. 21.40.060 Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas. SVMC 21.40.060 through SVMC 21.40.063 apply to developments and uses that have the potential to adversely impact surface water or groundwater resources within Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas and especially those within wellhead protection areas. 21.40.061 Designation and Classification. A. Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas (CARAs)are those areas with a critical recharging effect on aquifers used for potable water as defined pursuant to WAC 365-190-030(2) as promulgated or hereafter amended. CARAs have prevailing geologic conditions associated with infiltration rates that create a high potential for contamination of groundwater resources and/or contribute significantly to the replenishment of groundwater. B. CARAs are rated as having a high, moderate, or low susceptibility based on a scientific analysis of soils, hydraulic conductivity(the ease with which water moves between the surface and aquifers), annual rainfall, depth to aquifers, importance of the material between soils and aquifers (vadose zone), and wellhead protection information. 1. Due to the geologic conditions within the SVRP aquifer, the entire City is identified as a high susceptibility CARA area. 2. An aquifer map maintained by the City documents the location of wellhead protection zones. 21.40.062 Performance Standards. A. The uses listed in Table 21.40-6 shall be conditioned as necessary to protect CARAs in accordance with applicable state and federal regulations. 31 Table 21.40-6. Statutes, Regulations, and Guidance Pertaining to Groundwater Impacting Activities Activity Statute— Regulation—Guidance Aboveground Storage Tanks WAC 173-303-640 Chemical Treatment, Storage, and WAC 173-303-300 Disposal Facilities Hazardous Waste Generator (Boat Repair WAC 173-303-300; SRSM Shops, Biological Research Facility, Dry Cleaners, Furniture Stripping, Motor Vehicle Service Garages, Photographic Processing, Printing and Publishing Shops, etc.) Injection Wells 40 CFR Parts 144 and 146; chapter 173-218 WAC; SRSM Junk Yards and Salvage Yards Vehicle and Metal Recyclers—A Guide for Implementing the Industrial Storm water General NPDES Permit Requirements (94-146); SRSM On-Site Sewage Systems (< 14,500 Chapter 246-272A WAC; Local Health Ordinances gal/day) On-Site Sewage Systems (Large Scale) Chapter 246-272B WAC Pesticide Storage and Use Chapter 15.54 RCW and chapter 17.21 RCW Solid Waste Handling and Recycling Chapter 173-304 WAC Facilities Surface Mining WAC 332-18-015 Underground Storage Tanks Chapter 173-360 WAC Vehicle Repair and Service Uses, Chapter 173-216 WAC; Best Management Practices including Automobile Washers Manual for Vehicle and Equipment Washwater Discharges(WQ-R-95-056); SRSM B. Additional Performance Standards for Storage Tanks that Store Hazardous Substances or Waste. 1. All storage tanks shall: a. Comply with Title 24 SVMC (building code) and fire department requirements; b. Use material in the construction or lining of the tank that is compatible with the substance to be stored; 32 c. Not allow the release of a hazardous substance to the ground, groundwater, or surface water; d. Prevent releases due to corrosion or structural failure for the operational life of the tank; and e. Be protected against corrosion, constructed of noncorrosive material, steel clad with a noncorrosive material. 2. All new underground storage tanks shall include a built-in secondary containment system that prevents the release or threatened release of any stored substances; 3. All new aboveground storage tanks shall include a secondary containment structure and meet either of the criteria below: a. If the secondary containment is built into the tank structure, the tank shall be placed over a sealed impervious pad surrounded with a dike. The impervious pad/dike shall be sized to contain the 10-year storm if exposed to the weather; or b. If the tank is single walled, the tank shall be placed over a sealed impervious pad surrounded with a dike. The impervious pad/dike shall have the capacity to contain 110 percent of the largest tank plus the 10-year storm if exposed to the weather. C. Additional Performance Standards for Vehicle Repair and Servicing. 1. Vehicle repair and servicing shall be conducted over impermeable pads and within a covered structure capable of withstanding normally-expected weather conditions. 2. Vehicle repair and servicing shall occur at facilities with oil/water separation to prevent contamination of the groundwater. D. Additional Standards for Chemical Storage. 1. All chemicals used shall be stored in a manner that protects them from weather. Secondary containment shall be provided. 2. On-site disposal of any critical material or hazardous waste shall be prohibited. E. Developments and uses shall provide for the treatment and disposal of stormwater runoff from impervious surfaces in a manner consistent with chapter 22.150 SVMC and the SRSM. 21.40.063 Additional Critical Area Report Requirements for Critical Aquifer Recharge Areas. A. Applicability. 1. All developments and uses listed in SVMC 21.40.060 shall provide a narrative and plan to show how development complies with the regulations and performance standards in SVMC 21.40.062. 2. Proposed developments and uses that are unable to satisfy the performance standards in SVMC 21.40.062 or that are located in a wellhead protection area and will create untreated runoff shall submit a hydrogeological assessment report. B. Hydrogeologic Assessment Report Contents. In addition to the critical area report requirements in SVMC 21.40.015, hydrogeological reports shall include: 33 1. Available geologic and hydrogeological characteristics of the site, including groundwater depth, flow direction, gradient, and permeability of the unsaturated zone; 2. Discussion of the effects of the proposed project on groundwater quality and quantity; and 3. Identification of all critical or hazardous materials used, handled, or stored on-site; 4. A list of hazardous materials noting Material Safety Data Sheet summary information and the amount and concentrations of critical material used, handled, or stored. 5. A spill containment management plan that identifies equipment and/or structures that could fail, resulting in an impact. Spill plans shall include provisions for regular inspection, repair, replacement of structures and equipment that could fail, mitigation and cleanup in the event of a spill; and 6. Best management practices proposed to be utilized. 21.40.070 Reasonable Use Determination. A. The standards and regulations of chapter 21.40 SVMC are not intended, and shall not be construed or applied in a manner to deny all reasonable economic use of private property. If an applicant demonstrates to the satisfaction of the Director that strict application of the standards of chapter 21.40 SVMC would deny all reasonable economic use of their property, development may be permitted subject to appropriate conditions, derived from chapter 21.40 SVMC, as determined by the Director. B. An applicant requesting relief from strict application of these standards shall demonstrate the following: 1. That no reasonable use with less impact on the critical area and buffer or setback is feasible and reasonable; 2. That there is no feasible and reasonable on-site alternative to the activities proposed, considering possible changes in site layout, reductions in density, and similar factors; 3. That the proposed activities, as conditioned, will result in the minimum possible impacts to critical area and buffer or setback; 4. That all reasonable mitigation measures have been implemented or assured; and 5. That the inability to derive reasonable economic use is not the result of the applicant's actions. C. Decision. The Director shall include findings on each of the evaluation criteria listed in SVMC 21.40.070(B)of this section in a written decision. The written decision shall be mailed to the applicant and adjacent property owners, including property owners across public rights-of-way or private easements. The written decision shall include conditions necessary to serve the purposes of chapter 21.40 SVMC. 34 Chapter 22.50 OFF-STREET PARKING AND LOADING STANDARDS Sections: 22.50.010 Purpose. 22.50.020 Vehicle parking. 22.50.030 Off-street loading. 22.50.040 Bicycle parking. 22.50.050 Landscaping in parking areas. 22.50.010 Purpose. The purpose of chapter 22.50 SVMC is to provide adequate parking, pedestrian facilities, and access for safe on-site circulation for motorists, bicyclists, and pedestrians. 22.50.020 Vehicle parking. A. The number of required off-street parking spaces shall be based on the following: 1. "Gross square feet" shall mean the total area of the specific use. 2. Where fractional spaces result, the parking spaces required shall be rounded to the nearest whole number. 3. Uses not specified in Table 22.50-1 shall provide parking based on a use of similar nature. 4. Off-street vehicle parking shall be provided prior to occupancy pursuant to Table 22.50-1 for: a. A new structure based on the proposed use; b. An expanded (enlarged) floor area based on the expanded square footage; or c. An existing structure that requires a change of occupancy based on the proposed use. 5. In the case of multiple-use occupancies, other than shopping centers, the total requirement for off-street parking shall be the sum of the requirements for the various uses computed separately. 6. All driveways, off-street parking, maneuvering, loading, and storage areas shall be paved. An exemption for this requirement may be approved for loading and storage areas in the industrial zones when they are routinely used by cleated and other heavy equipment. Paving shall consist of asphalt or Portland cement. Grasscrete, paver blocks, or other equivalent hard surface material may be used for residential driveways and residential off-street parking areas. 7. The Director may allow a reduction up to 25 percent when the applicant makes a written request demonstrating site conditions that prohibit compliance with these requirements. 8. In the neighborhood commercial zoning district, a use occupying a structure with a floor area of up to: a. 3,000 square feet shall only be required to provide one accessible off-street parking space pursuant to SVMC 22.50.020(G). 1 b. 5,000 square feet shall provide off-street parking spaces for the amount of floor area in excess of 3,000 square feet. For example, the parking requirement for a 4,000 square foot building shall be based on 1,000 square feet of floor area. 9. Nonresidential projects located within half a mile of a frequent transit route may reduce their required parking up to 25 percent. B. Location of parking spaces: 1. For nonresidential uses, required off-street parking shall be located in a zone which allows the use that requires the parking. 2. Required off-street parking shall be located on the same parcel with the use served unless a joint parking agreement is executed in a form acceptable to the City, stating that the parcel is devoted in whole or in part for the required parking. The agreement shall be binding on both properties and shall be recorded with the Spokane County auditor. 3. Required off-street parking shall not be separated from the use by an arterial street unless approved by the Director. Table 22.50-1 —Required Parking Spaces for Specific Uses Use Required Parking Agriculture and Animal Animal processing/handling 1 per staff on largest shift Greenhouse/nursery, commercial 1 per 500 gross square feet Community Services Church, temple, mosque, synagogue and house of 1 per 4 fixed seats or 1 per 150 square feet of floor worship area Community hall, club or lodge 1 per 350 gross square feet Funeral home 1 per 500 gross square feet Daycare Day care, adult and child 1 per 500 gross square feet Eating and Drinking Establishment Brewery, winery and/or distillery 1 per 1,000 gross square feet Espresso establishment, restaurant, tavern/night 1 per 250 gross square feet, min. of 2 club, tasting room Education Schools, college or university 1 per 600 gross square feet of classroom and 1 per 5 seats in principal assembly room Schools, K through 8 1 per classroom Schools, 9 through 12 7 per classroom Schools, professional, vocational and trade 1 per 600 gross square feet Schools, specialized training studios 1 per 350 gross square feet 2 Use Required Parking Entertainment Casino 1 per 350 gross square feet Cultural facilities 1 per 800 gross square feet Major event entertainment and indoor theaters 1 per 4 fixed seats or 1 per 150 square feet of floor area Recreation facility, indoor 1 per 350 gross square feet Recreation facility, outdoor 20 per acre of site Group Living Assisted living facility/convalescent/nursing home 1 per 4 residents plus 1 per staff on largest shift Community residential facility 1 per 4 residents Dwelling, congregate 1 per sleeping room Industrial, Light and Heavy Assembly/manufacturing/processing, light 1 per 600 gross square feet Assembly/manufacturing/processing, heavy 1 per 1,000 gross square feet Industrial Service 1 per 1,000 gross square feet Wrecking, recycling,junk and salvage yards 1 per 2,000 gross square feet Lodging Bed and breakfast, hotel/motel 1 per guest room and 1 per staff on largest shift Medical Hospital 1 per 500 gross square feet Medical/dental clinic Two or less professionals 1 per 500 gross square feet Three or more professionals 1 per 350 gross square feet Office Animal clinic/veterinary 1 per 500 gross square feet Call center 1 per 250 gross square feet Office, professional and general 1 per 500 gross square feet Residential Dwelling, accessory units 1 per dwelling unit Dwelling, multifamily Dwelling, studio and one bedroom 1 per dwelling unit, plus 5% of total for guests Dwelling, two or more bedrooms 1.5 per dwelling unit, plus 5% of total for guests Dwelling, one-and two-family, townhouse 2 per dwelling unit 3 Use Required Parking Manufactured (mobile) home park 2 per dwelling unit plus 5% total for guest parking Retail Sales and Service Appliance and furniture sales/service 1 per 1,000 square feet of display area Banks, savings and loan, and other financial 1 per 350 gross square feet institutions, post office, postal centers, and other similar uses Building supply and home improvement 1 per 350 gross square feet Convenience store 1 per 400 gross square feet Equipment sales, rental, maintenance and repair 1 per 1,000 gross square feet Landscape materials sales 1 per 1,000 gross square feet Personal Services 1 per 350 gross square feet Retail sales, indoor, including shopping centers 1 per 350 gross square feet Retail sales, outdoor 1 per 5,000 gross square feet of display area Showroom 1 per 2,000 gross square feet Vehicle Services Automobile parts, accessories and tires 1 per 300 gross square feet Automobile/taxi rental, passenger vehicle sales, 1 per 1,000 gross square feet of building footprint service and repair and 1 per 5,000 square feet of indoor/outdoor display area Automobile/truck/RV/motorcycle service, painting, 1 per 500 gross square feet repair, body and fender works Boat and RV sales, and service and repair 1 per 1,000 gross square feet of building footprint and 1 per 5,000 square feet of indoor/outdoor display area Car wash, self-service 1 per 500 gross square feet Fueling station 1 per 4 pumps Warehouse, Wholesale, and Freight Movement Freight forwarding 1 per 2,000 gross square feet Storage, general indoors, warehouse 1 per 3,500 gross square feet Storage, general outdoors, display 1 per 1,500 gross square feet C. Off-Street parking design shall be pursuant to Table 22.50-2 and Figure 22.50-1. 4 Table 22.50-2— Parking Minimum Design Requirements Standards Parking Angle Minimum (in degrees) Stall Minimum Stall Minimum Aisle Width Projection Stall Width D Depth A SP B C One-Way Two-Way 0 (parallel) 22' 22' 8'6" 20' 20' 45 12' 8'6" 17'6" 20' 20' 60 9'6" 8'6" 19' 20' 20' 75 8'10" 8'6" 19' 20' 22' 90 8'6" 8'6" 18' 20' 22'6" la i�LL re 22,50-I — Calculation of Parking Spaces I) IPJ I. 1 001a ,,,,,,,77".-7'.---\\.s IB 4 A s .)(F D. Compact Car Allowance. 1. A maximum of 30 percent of the total required off-street parking stalls may be permitted and designated for compact cars. 5 2. Each compact stall shall be marked with the word "COMPACT" printed onto the stall and maintained as such over the life of the use of both the space and the adjacent structure it serves. 3. Dimensions of compact parking stalls shall be eight feet by 17 feet. 4. Compact spaces shall be designated in one specific area of the off-street parking facility. E. CarpoolNanpool Parking. New office and industrial uses with 50 or more required parking spaces shall designate at least five percent of the spaces for employee carpool or vanpool parking. Employee carpool and vanpool parking shall be located closer to the building entrance or the employee entrance than other employee parking with the exception of accessible parking. The carpool/vanpool spaces shall be clearly marked "Reserved CarpoolNanpool Only." F. All traffic circulation lanes and fire lanes shall be maintained free and clear of merchandise, carts and any other materials to allow for emergency access. G. Accessible Parking. The intent of SVMC 22.50.020(G) is to comply with the Americans with Disabilities Act by allowing a person with a physical disability to independently get to a site, facility, building, or element (American National Standards Institute, Inc.). 1. Location. Accessible parking spaces shall be located on the shortest accessible route of travel from adjacent parking to an accessible building entrance. Where buildings have multiple accessible entrances with adjacent parking, accessible parking spaces shall be dispersed and located near the accessible entrances. 2. Hospital Outpatient Facilities. Ten percent of patient and visitor parking spaces provided shall be accessible. 3. Rehabilitation Facilities and Outpatient Physical Therapy Facilities. Twenty percent but not less than one of the portion of patient and visitor parking spaces shall be accessible. 4. Van Spaces. For every six or fraction of six accessible parking spaces, at least one shall be a van-accessible parking space. Figure 22.50-2 Io I PIIIll o 1 Q G f d 0 1 1 • I 5. Accessible car and van parking space size shall be as follows: a. Car parking spaces shall be eight feet minimum in width. b. Van parking spaces shall be 11 feet minimum in width. Van parking spaces shall be permitted to be a minimum of eight feet in width where the adjacent access aisle is a minimum of eight feet in width. 6 Table 22.50-3—Accessible Parking Spaces Required Total Parking Spaces Minimum Number of Provided Accessible Spaces 1 to 100 1, plus one for every 25 or fraction thereof 101 to 200 5, plus one for every 50 or fraction thereof 201 to 500 7, plus one for every 100 or fraction thereof 501 to 1,000 2% of total More than 1,000 20, plus one for every 100 over 1,000 H. Off-street parking shall comply with state law requirements regarding electric vehicle infrastructure including, but not limited to, chapter 19.27 RCW, chapter 19.28 RCW, WAC 51-50- 0427, and RCW 46.08.185, as now adopted or hereafter amended. 22.50.030 Off-street loading. A. Every building or part thereof occupied for retail business, service, wholesale, manufacturing, storage, warehousing, hotel/motel, industrial, or any other similar use that receives or distributes materials or merchandise shall provide loading spaces on site in accordance with the following requirements: 1. All parking, loading, and maneuvering of trucks shall be conducted on private property and shall not interfere with off-street parking spaces or landscaping. 2. Loading spaces shall be located a minimum of 60 feet from any front property line. The Director may allow exceptions when the applicant makes a written request demonstrating conditions that prohibit compliance with this requirement. 3. The minimum dimensions of off-street loading spaces shall be 12 feet wide by 30 feet long. 4. Required off-street parking spaces shall not be allowed within the truck dock apron space. 22.50.040 Bicycle parking. A. Applicability. Bicycle parking shall be provided for new development in the multifamily and nonresidential zoning districts, except the industrial zoning district. Bicycle parking is not required when the primary use of a business is to service vehicles. B. Bicycle parking shall consist of permanent bicycle racks capable of accommodating two or more bicycles and may be located indoors. C. Multifamily developments shall provide one bike rack for every two buildings, including clubhouse and rental offices. D. Commercial development shall provide bike spaces pursuant to Table 22.50-4. 7 Table 22.50-4— Required Bicycle Spaces Total Parking Minimum Number of Spaces Required Bicycle Racks Required 0 to 24 0 25 to 50 1 50 to 100 2 100 to 500 3 More than 500 4 E. The Director may allow exceptions when the applicant makes a written request demonstrating site conditions that prohibit compliance with these requirements. 22.50.050 Landscaping in parking areas. Landscaping within parking areas shall be provided pursuant to chapter 22.70.040 SVMC, Parking Landscaping. 8 Chapter 22.70 FENCING, LANDSCAPING AND SCREENING Sections: 22.70.010 Purpose and intent. 22.70.020 Fencing. 22.70.030 Clearview triangle. 22.70.040 General Landscaping. 22.70.050 Parking Landscaping. 22.70.060 Street Trees. 22.70.070 Screening. 22.70.080 Dumpsters Screening. 22.70.090 Installation, Maintenance and Enforcement. 22.70.010 Purpose and intent. The use of fencing and screening by other measures reduces visual, noise, and lighting impacts on adjacent properties and provides visual separation and physical buffers between land uses. It also serves to protect the health, safety, and welfare of the community by eliminating dangerous conditions and preserving property values. 22.70.020 Fencing. A. In residential zoning districts, the height of a fence within the front yard shall be: 1. Thirty-six inches or less for sight-obstructing fences; or 2. Forty-eight inches or less for non-sight-obstructing fences, such as chain link fences. B. In residential zoning districts, fences shall be not exceed eight feet in height when located on a flanking, side, or rear yard behind the minimum required front yard setback line. Lots with double street frontage may have a fence on the property line not used as the main point of access (the apparent rear yard). C. In nonresidential zoning districts, fences shall not exceed eight feet in height without a Conditional Use Permit except as provided in SVMC 22.70.020(1). D. The height of a fence shall be measured from the base of the fence, except as provided in SVMC 22.70.020(E). E. Where the elevation of the finished grade within six feet of the fence differs from one side of the fence to the other(as when a fence is placed at the top of a slope or a retaining wall), the height shall be measured from the side with the lowest finished grade elevation. F. In nonresidential zoning districts, barbed wire may be used for security purposes only on the upper one-quarter of the fence unless the use is adjacent to a residential zoning district, in which case no barbed wire shall be allowed on the portion of the fence adjacent to the residential zoning district. An administrative exception may be granted by the Director for public utility distribution or transmission facilities seeking relief from barbed wire requirements. G. In residential zoning districts, barbed wire fences may only be used to confine animals if the parcel meets the animal raising and keeping requirements contained in SVMC 19.40.150. 1. H. Barbed wire shall not project outside of the property line or into the public right of way. Electric fences shall only be allowed to enclose outdoor storage areas in nonresidential zoning districts or to confine animals in residential zoning districts. Electric fences shall not be allowed for any other purpose. Electric fences shall: 1. Not exceed 10 feet in height when used for outdoor storage or eight feet in height when used to confine animals; 2. Be clearly marked with warning signs at least 24 square inches in area located every 60 feet; 3. Be surrounded by a non-electrical fence located within 12 inches of the electrical fence; 4. Have an energizer driven by a commercial storage battery that does not to exceed 12 volts DC; and 5. Not produce a charge upon contact that exceeds the energizer characteristics set forth in paragraph 22.108 and depicted in Figure 102 of International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Standard 60335-2-76. H. Fences and all sight obstructions including vegetation shall be located outside of the clearview triangle pursuant to SVMC 22.70.030 and shall not block the view of fire protection equipment. 22.70.030 Clearview triangle. A. A sight distance is the length of roadway visible to a driver. The clearview triangle is the triangular area calculated at the intersection of two streets or the intersection of an alley, private street or driveway, and a street to provide the required sight distance and provide unobstructed vision to motorists and pedestrians. 1. For commercial approaches and controlled intersections, the clearview triangle shall be calculated pursuant to Table 22.70-1 and Figure 22.70-1. TABLE 22.70-1 CLEARVIEW TRIANGLE CALCULATION FOR CONTROLLED INTERSECTIONS Case Type Through street Distance to Point Required sight speed limit A in ft distance1'2,3 (BC) in ft (mph)1 Commercial approaches and 25 15 280 stop sign controlled 30 335 intersections2 35 390 Signal controlled intersection, Per ASSHTO Green Book yield controlled or all-way stop sign controlled 1. Required sight distance shall be adjusted for grades three percent or greater, more than two lanes, skewed intersections,sharp curves, posted speeds in excess of 35 miles per hour (mph), or for vehicles other than passenger cars pursuant to the street standards as adopted pursuant to SVMC 22.130.040. 2. For stop sign controlled intersections and commercial approaches, use Figure 22.70-1 to determine required sight distance and location of Point A. 3. To determine the clearview triangle, locate points A and C, determine the required distance (BC/CB) using Table 22.70-1, locate point B and connect points A, B, and C. The area enclosed by points A, B, C and the right-of-way is the clearview triangle, hatched area in Figure 22.70-1. 2 FIGURE 22.70-1 CLEARVIEW TRIANGLE FOR COMMERCIAL APPROACHES AND STOP SIGN CONTROLLED INTERSECTIONS REQUIRED SIGHT DISTANCE SEE TABLE 2270-5 REQUIRED SIGHT DISTANCE SEE TABLE 22.70-1 • (g) (0) (B) (C) -EDGE OF TRAVELWAY POINT'A'IS LOCATED AT THE CENTER OF THE SIDE POINTS'B'AND'C'ARE LOCATED AT THE CENTER STREET APPROACH LANE. (A) OF THE ONCOMING THROUGH LANE OR IN THE CENTER OF THE NEAREST ONCOMING THROUGH LANE IF MORE THAN ONE LANE EXISTS. CLEARVIEW TRIANGLE 2. For uncontrolled street intersections (e.g., intersecting local access streets), the clearview triangle shall be calculated pursuant to Figure 22.70-2. FIGURE 22.70-2 CLEARVIEW TRIANGLE FOR UNCONTROLLLED STREET INTERSECTIONS 90 FT 90 FT LOCAL ACCESS CENTERUNE (e) (C) (B) (C) -EDGE OF TRAVELWAY RIGHT-OF-WAY (0.0relArdr.407r RIGHT-OF-WAY 0100. 7 CLEARVIEW TRLANGLE 4 F F x x (A) cc 3. For noncommercial driveways, the clearview triangle shall be calculated pursuant to Figure 22.70-3. 3 FIGURE 22.70-3 CLEARVIEW TRIANGLE FOR NONCOMMERCIAL APPROACHES 15 FT 15 FT -CURB (B) (C) RIGHT-OF-WAY (C) (B) RIGHT-OF-WAY t NOTE: IF NO CURB IS PRESENT, MEASURE IN 5 FEET TOWARDS (A) (A) THE PROPERTY UNE FROM THE EDGE OF THE ROADWAY. EDGE OF DRIVEWAY B. Within the clearview triangle, the space between three and one-half feet and seven feet above the street, or three feet and six and one-half feet above the sidewalk, shall be unobstructed from vegetation, structures, signs, and other view obstructions in the manner shown pursuant to Figure 22.70-4. FIGURE 22.70-4 CLEARVIEW TRIANGLE VERTICAL CLEARANCE REQUIREMENTS vecaaazTax wiTa[x CLEARVIEW TRIANGLE 41107 1. 'r • MINIMUM ` MAXIMJN[ mAx13 M rUAil... 1 STREET .1 C. Exemptions. Clearview triangle requirements shall not apply to: 1. Public utility poles; 2. Trees, so long as they are not planted in the form of a hedge and the shortest branches are trimmed to a height of at least seven feet above the street surface; 3. Properties where the natural ground contour penetrates the clearview triangle; or 4. Traffic control devices installed by the City. 22.70.040 General Landscaping. A. Applicability. The provisions of SVMC 22.70.040 shall apply to nonresidential projects, multifamily projects and subdivisions. They shall not apply to projects located in an industrial zoning district. B. Multifamily and nonresidential projects, except when located in an industrial zoning district, shall provide the required landscaping points pursuant to Table 22.70-2. 4 Table 22.70-2— Landscaping Point Requirements Improved Areal Number of Landscaping Points Required Developed area (500—2,500 sq. ft.) 25 Developed area (2,501 —5,000 sq. 50 ft.) Developed area (Over 5,000 sq. ft.) 50 plus one point for each 200 sq. ft. of area over 5,000 sq. ft. Parking (where 10 or more parking Two per required parking space plus one for each proposed spaces are required). additional parking space Stand-alone parking lots (one or Three per parking space more parking spaces). 1. Developed area shall be calculated as the area of the building and amenities including patios, sidewalks, and common areas. Required landscaping points for parking areas shall be calculated based on the number of parking spaces as provided in Table 22.70-2. C. Modification of Landscaping Requirements. The Director may approve modifications to the landscape requirements when the applicant demonstrates that: 1. Required landscaping directly interferes with the operation or maintenance of existing stormwater facilities or natural drainage systems; or 2. Existing development, improvements, utilities, or easements directly preclude installation of the required landscaping. D. Landscaping Plan Requirements. A landscaping plan shall be prepared and stamped by a landscape architect licensed by the State of Washington when a proposal requires 150 or more landscape points. Landscape plans shall include the size and type of landscaping materials and vegetation, the dimensions of the lot(s), the developed area, parking areas, and point calculations showing compliance with the requirements of chapter 22.70 SVMC. E. An applicant may use any combination of planting materials to meet the requirements of SVMC 22.70.040. Landscaping point values to meet the landscaping point requirements shall be calculated pursuant to Table 22.70-3. 1. The landscaping point values listed in Table 22.70-3 may be increased by 20 percent for xeriscaping plantings pursuant to Appendix 22-A, Recommended Planting List. 2. When an applicant proposes to preserve existing healthy trees or shrubs, the point value for the specified type of preserved vegetation pursuant to Table 22.70-3 may be used for the vegetation to be preserved. Preserved vegetation shall be protected during development and if any is destroyed, it shall be replaced so that landscaping point requirements are met. Table 22.70-3 Landscaping Point Values Type of Plant Minimum Size (at time of planting) Point Value Material Deciduous Trees Evergreen Trees New 5 (in caliper inches) (in feet of height) Vegetation Preserved Vegetation Over 25 inch caliper >41 58 20.1 inch to 25 inch caliper 37-40 ft. 46 15.1 inch to 20-inch caliper 33-36 ft. 40 10.1 inch to 15-inch DBH 29-32 ft. 35 Large Tree 8- 10 inch 22-28 ft. 26 30 7-inch 19-21 ft. 24 28 6-inch 16-18 ft. 22 25 5-inch 13-15 ft. 20 23 4-inch 11-12 ft. 18 21 3-inch 9-10 ft. 15 17 Medium Tree 2-inch 7-8 ft. 12 14 Small Tree Single trunk: at least 1-inch 5-6 ft. 9 10 Ornamental Tree Multiple trunk (minimum 3 trunks): 5-6 ft. 9 10 smallest trunk 1-inch caliper Large Shrub 5-gallon and 24-inch height at planting 3 4 Medium Shrub 3-gallon and 12-inch height at planting 2 3 Small Shrub 2-gallon and 8-inch height at planting 1 n/a Ornamental 1 gallon 1/2 n/a Grasses Groundcover 1 gallon 1/2 n/a 4-inch pots 1/4 n/a Landscaped 30-inch height; 10-foot length; 3:1 slope 1 per 5 n/a Berm linear ft. Turf Grass n/a 1/4 per sq. n/a yd. 22.70.050 Parking Landscaping. A. Applicability. The provisions of SVMC 22.70.050 shall apply to parking areas for nonresidential projects requiring landscaping pursuant to Table 22.70-2. B. Exemptions. These provisions shall not apply to projects located in an industrial zoning district, parking garages or parking decks, or display areas for automotive and equipment sales and rentals. C. Location. 1. All parking lot planting areas shall be protected with concrete curbs, or equivalent barriers. Bumper blocks shall not be used for boundaries around the landscaped area. 2. All landscaping shall be located intermittently between parking stalls, at the end of parking columns, or between stalls and the property line. 3. When parking islands are provided, trees shall be planted a minimum of two feet away from the outside of any permanent barrier of a landscaped area or edge of the parking area. D. Headlight Screening. 1. Headlight screening shall be provided on the property line adjacent to the parking stalls when parking spaces are perpendicular and/or at an angle facing the public right-of-way or proposed within 20 feet of structures located on adjacent parcels. 6 2. Headlight screening shall be at least 30 inches and a maximum of 42 inches height for the length of the parking area and shall consist of evergreen plantings, masonry walls, fencing, earthen berms, or other similar materials. 3. Headlight screening shall not be required when more stringent buffering is required along the property line adjacent to the parking area. 22.70.060 Street Trees. A. Applicability. The provisions of SVMC 22.70.060 shall apply to multifamily, nonresidential projects, and subdivisions adjacent to public streets. They shall not apply to projects located in an industrial zoning district. B. Development shall provide one medium tree or larger for each 75 linear feet, or fraction thereof, for the portion of the development abutting the right-of-way. Trees shall be planted in or within 10 feet of the right-of-way in sleeves designed to direct root development. Trees shall be evenly spaced. C. Trees may be grouped when conflicts such as utilities, site topography, vehicular maneuvering areas, and clearview triangle limitations exist and prevent the installation of evenly-spaced street trees. D. Street trees shall be selected from Appendix 22-A, Recommended Planting List, Street Trees for Under Utility Lines. 22.70.070 Screening. A. Applicability. The provisions of SVMC 22.70.070 shall apply to multifamily, subdivisions, and nonresidential projects in all zoning districts including the industrial zoning district. B. Visual screening pursuant to SVMC 22.70.070(C) shall be installed along the applicable adjoining property line when: 1. A nonresidential project abuts a multifamily project; or 2. A subdivision has lots that back to arterial streets. C. Visual screening shall consist of one or a combination of the following: 1. A 100 percent sight obscuring fence. Fences may be made of wood, ornamental iron, aluminum, brick, masonry, architectural panels, chain link with slats, or other permanent materials; 2. A maintained, landscaped earthen-berm at least five feet wide with a minimum of 10 points of landscaping for every 25 linear feet of buffer area; 3. A natural, undisturbed wooded area that forms a solid screen; or 4. A five foot wide landscape screen that shall consist of: a. A mixture of evergreen and deciduous trees, planted at a distance of not less than 35 feet on center, with a maximum of 75 percent of the trees being deciduous; b. Evergreen shrubs shall comprise at least 50 percent of the plantings; c. A minimum of 18 points of landscaping shall be installed for every 25 linear feet of buffer area. 7 D. Full screening shall be installed along the applicable adjoining properly line when: 1. A multifamily or nonresidential project abuts a single family residential zoning district; 2. A multifamily project abuts single family residential use located in a multifamily zoning district; 3. The project is a manufactured home park; 4. A project located in the industrial zoning district abuts a different zoning district; or 5. An industrial use has the potential to substantially impact adjacent properties with noise, nuisance, or vibration as determined by the Director. E. Full screening shall consist of a 100 percent sight obscuring fence and one or a combination of the visual screening options pursuant to SVMC 22.70.070(C)(2-4). F. Height of Screening. The height of screening shall comply with the following: 1. Visual or full screening shall be a minimum of six feet high measured from the finished grade, except as provided in SVMC 22.70.070(F)(2). 2. Where the elevation of the finished grade within six feet of the screen differs from one side of the screen to the other(as when a fence is placed at the top of a slope or a retaining wall), the height shall be measured from the side with the lowest finished grade elevation. 22.70.080 Dumpsters Screening. A. Applicability. The provisions of SVMC 22.70.080 shall apply to multifamily and nonresidential projects. These provisions shall not apply to projects located in an industrial zoning district. B. Dumpsters shall be enclosed on all four sides by a six-foot high, 100 percent sight obscuring fence. 22.70.090 Installation, Maintenance, and Enforcement. A. All plant material planted to meet the minimum requirements of chapter 22.70 SVMC shall be in a healthy condition at the time of planting and shall meet quality standards set forth by the American Standard for Nursery Stock. B. All newly planted trees and shrubs shall be mulched and maintained in healthy conditions and to give a clean and weed-free appearance. Trees may be staked for a period of not more than 12 months after planting. Maintenance of required landscaping shall be the responsibility of the property owner. C. The type and location of vegetation shall not interfere with utilities and the safe and efficient flow of street traffic. Approval by the appropriate City department and utility provider shall be required. D. Turf grass shall be planted, seeded, watered, and maintained in such a manner as to completely cover all exposed areas of soil after one full growing season. E. Disturbed ground shall not be left exposed. Grass and other approved ground covers or mulch shall cover all unpaved and undeveloped areas. F. Landscaping may be included within stormwater facilities, providing it does not conflict with the operation of the stormwater facilities and complies with chapter 22.150 SVMC Stormwater Guidelines Chapter 7.8.9. 8 G. Prior to the issuance of a certificate of occupancy, person(s) who prepared any required landscape plan shall certify that the irrigation systems and landscaping have been installed in accordance with approved plans and specifications. H. The Director may authorize a delay where planting season conflicts would produce a high probability of plant loss. Landscaping shall be maintained to allow fire protection equipment to be seen from approach and provide for a three-foot clear area around all fire protection equipment in accordance with the International Fire Code pursuant to SVMC 24.40.020. J. Landscaping within the clearview triangle shall be maintained pursuant to SVMC 22.70.030. 9 Appendix 22-A — Recommended Planting List Recommended Planting Species— Scientific Name Common Name Mature Height (ft) Shape and Characteristics LARGE TREES Robina pseudoacacia Frisia Locust 40' Oval with upright arching `Frisia' branches Acer rubrum `October October Glory Maple 40' Broadly oval to round Glory' Pyrus calleryana Redspire Pear 35' Pyramidal, dense and Redspire' symmetrical Pyrus calleryana `Trinity' Trinity Pear 30' Broadly oval to round Pyrus calleryana `Autumn Autumn Blaze Pear 30' Rounded Blaze' Acer pseudoplatanus Sycamore Maple 40' Upright spreading branches. Rounded crown Acer rubrum Red Maple 40' Broadly oval to round Pseudotsuga menziesii Douglas Fir 80'— 150' Narrow leaves, dark blue-green conifer above Quercus coccinea Scarlet Oak 55'— 65' Outward branching, rounded with age. Good fall color Tilia condata `Greenspire' Greenspire 60' Little leaf linden, symmetrical Gleditsia tricanthos Thornless Honey Locust 60' Allows filtered sunlight, inermis moraine long live adaptable tree. Carpinus betulus Pyramidal European 35' Dense, compact, narrow `Fastigiate' Hornbeam when young, becoming oval. Columnar shape. Acer rubrum `Armstrong' Armstrong Maple 45' Narrow, columnar habit. Pyrus calleryana Chanticleer Pear 40' Upright, narrowly `Chanticleer' pyramidal Street Trees for Under Utility Lines Acer buergeranum Trident Maple 20' Low spreading growth; multiple stems; oval; round; can be trained. Acer griseum Paperbark Maple 20' Multiple trunks which branch close to the ground; oval; upright; vase shape. Acer saccharum `Barrett Apollo Maple 20' Narrow, columnar shape. Cole' 10 Recommended Planting Species— Scientific Name Common Name Mature Height (ft) Shape and Characteristics Acer tataricum Tartarian Maple 20' Large shrub to small tree; oval to rounded; often low branched. Amelanchier laevis Snow Cloud Serviceberry 20' Small tree with multiple `Snowcloud' stems upright and tightly branched forming dense shrub; vase shape. Cornus kousa Kousa Dogwood 20' Branches grow upright and mature into horizontal layers; fruit bearing; round. Crataegus crus-galli Thornless Cockspur 20' Tight branching habit; `Inermis' Hawthorn dense, broadly rounded crown; becoming spreading and horizontal with age. Crataegus laevigata Crimson Cloud Hawthorn 20' Grows rapidly in pyramid `Crimson Cloud' form; branching is droopy; oval shaped. Crataegus x Hawthorn Snowbird 20' Low headed, upright, mordenensis `Snowbird' oval. Crataegus phaenopyrum Washington Hawthorn 20' Branches droop; typically one trunk; crown is pyramidal. Fraxinus pennsylvanica Leprechaun Ash 20' Dwarf form; compact `Johnson' oval head to become rounded with maturity. Maackia amurensis Amur Maackia 20' Numerous small- diameter trunks originating from lower trunk; symmetrical canopy round; vase shape. Malus x zumi `Calocarpa' Crabapple— 20' Dense, pyramidal form with weeping branch tips. Adams "Adams"— Round. Adirondack "Adirondack"— Columnar. Centurion "Centurion"— Upright vase. Indian Summer "Indian Summer"— Round. Prairiefire "Prairiefire"—Upright, spreading. 11 Recommended Planting Species— Scientific Name Common Name Mature Height (ft) Shape and Characteristics Professor Sprenger "Professor Sprenger"— Upright, spreading. Purple Prince "Purple Prince"— Upright, spreading. Sentinel "Sentinel"— Upright, vase shaped. Prunus `Accolade' Accolade Cherry 20' Flat-topped small tree. Prunus cerasifera Krauter Vesuvius Plum 20' Upright, rounded. `Krauter Vesuvis' Prunus `Frankthrees' Mt. St. Helens Plum 20' Dense crown. Prunus maachi Amur Chokecherry 20' Upright with slightly hairy branchlets; oval becoming rounded with age. Prunus `Newport' Newport Plum 20' Dense; round; vase shaped. Prunus serrulata Japanese Flowering 20' Upright vase to round to `Kwanzan' Cherry, Kwanzan horizontal. Prunus serrulata `Royal Japanese Flowering 20' Rounded to horizontal. Burgandy' Cherry, Royal Burgundy Prunus 'Snow Goose' Snow Goose Cherry 20' Upright in youth becoming much wider with age; well-spaced branches. Sorbis Americana Red Cascade Mountain 20' Compact, oval tree, great Dwarfcrown' Ash for small spaces. Tilia cordata `Halka' Summer Sprite Linden 20' Small mature size; densely pyramidal shape. Zelkova 'Schmidtlow' Wireless Zelkova 20' Broadly spreading vase; flattened top at maturity. SMALL TREES AND LARGE SHRUBS Cercidiphyllum Katsura Tree 20' Upright and pyramidal japonicum when young, often becoming round in age Prunus serrulata Kwanzan Cherry 20' Stiffly vase shaped `Kwanzan' Prunus serrulata 'Mt. Fuji' Mt. Fuji Cherry 15' Spreading Prunus x cistena Cistena Plum 8' Rounded shrub Prunus `Frankthrees' Mt. St. Helens Plum 20' Upright spreading, rounded 12 Recommended Planting Species— Scientific Name Common Name Mature Height (ft) Shape and Characteristics Prunus cerasifera Thundercloud Plum 20' Upright spreading, `Thundercloud' dense, rounded Prunus x yedoensis Yoshino Cherry 30' Upright spreading branches, rounded crown Acer circinatum Vine Maple 10'—20' Multi-stemmed, upright spreading, fine-textured branches Cercis canadensis Eastern Redbud 25' Multi-stemmed or low branching tree, ascending then spreading branches, somewhat flat-topped Acer ginnala Amur Maple 15'— 18' Multi-stemmed, good fall color Viburnum opulus European Cranberry 8'— 12' Spring flower, fall color, Bush red berry MEDIUM TO LARGE SHRUBS Cornus alba `Bailhalo' Tatarian Dogwood 5'— 10' Variegated leaf, red twig, winter interest Cornus sericea Redosier Dogwood 4'—8' Red twig, winter interest Cornus sericea Yellowtwig Dogwood 8' Yellow twig, winter `Flaviramea' interest Holodiscus discolor Ocean Spray 8' Native, white flower plumes in early summer Cotoneaster dammeri Coral Beauty 5' Grown on a standard `Coral Beauty' Cotoneaster Forsythia x intermedia Forsythia 15' Nodding, rich yellow `Arnold Giant' flowers Amelanchier Serviceberry 8'—20' Woolly new leaves, spring flowers in upright sprays, native Physocarpus Golden Ninebark 6'—8' Leaves usually three- lobed, light green Salix purpurea Purpleosier Willow 5'— 10' Purple twig, silvery underleaf Viburnum dentatum Arrowwood Viburnum 4'—6' Good fall color Viburnum edule Squashberry/Highbush 4'—8' Native, white flower, red fall color Viburnum lantana Hobblebush 8' Dark green foliage, white `Mohican' flower, red to black berry Viburnum trilobum American Cranberry 8'— 12' White spring flower, red 13 Recommended Planting Species— Scientific Name Common Name Mature Height (ft) Shape and Characteristics Bush fall color, red berry Spirea thunbergii Thungberg Spirea 5' Thin hairy stem, toothed margins Eunonymus alatus Compact Burning Bush 3'—6' Strong horizontal `compactus' structure, autumn color SMALL SHRUBS Berberis thunbergii Crimson Pigmy Barberry 2'—3' Rounded, purple leaves atropurpruea `Crimson Pygmy' Potentilla fruticosa Shrubby Cinquefoil 2'—3' Many natives and cultivars with different colored flowers Spirea x bumalda Anthony Water Spirea 2'—4' Broad, rounded `Anthony Water' Spirea x bumalda 'Gold Gold Flame Spirea 2'—4' Mounded Flame' GRASSES, SEDGES, AND RUSHES Andropogan gerardii Big Bluestem 6' Gray-blue leaf, very deep roots, attractive flowers Festuca glauca Blue Fescue 1' Densely tufted evergreen grass Imperata Japanese Blood Grass 2' Leaves tinted wine red Miscanthus sinensis Tall Variegated Grass 15' Tall clump-forming grass Phalaris arundinacea Ribbon Grass 4'—5' Soft arching leaves Calamagrostis x Feather Reed Grass 5'—7' Clump-forming grass acutiflora GROUNDCOVERS Alchemilla mollis Lady's Mantle 2' Chartreuse flower, deer resistant Galium odoratum Sweet Woodruff 1' Fragrant leaf, small white flower Maianthemum dilatatum False Lily of the Valley 1' Native, white flower, red berry Myosotis scorpioides True Forget-Me-Not 1' Small blue or white flower Pachysandra terminalis Japanese Spurge 1' Shiny leaf Potentilla plattensis Platte River Cinquefoil 1' Native groundcover, yellow flower Ajuga Bugle 4"-8" Low spreading 14 Recommended Planting Species — Scientific Name Common Name Mature Height (ft) Shape and Characteristics Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Kinnikinnick 4" White flowers flushed pink Vinca minor Periwinkle 8" Tight mat-forming evergreen with dark green leaves PERENNIALS Aster novae-angliae New England Aster 2'—5' Many varieties available, late summer bloom Aster novi-belgii Michaelmas Daisy 2'—4' Many varieties available, late summer bloom Dodecatheon pulchellum Darkthroat Shootingstar 2' Native, pink flower in spring Echinacea purpurea Coneflower 3' Long blooming period in late summer/fall Eupatorium purpureum Joe Pye Weed 7' Striking size and form, purplish flower attracts butterflies Hemerocallis species Daylily 2' Long bloom in spring and summer Iliamna rivularis Streambank Wild 6' Native, fragrant pink Hollyhock flowers Chrysanthemum Shasta Daisy 1'—5' Variety of colors XERISCAPE TREES Abies concolor White fir Abies lasiocarpa Subalpine fir Acer glabrum Rocky Mountain maple Acer grandidentatum Canyon maple Acer tataricum Tatarian maple Amelanchier x grandiflora Apple serviceberry Betula occidentalis Water birch Calocedrus decurrens California incense cedar Celtis reticulata Netleaf hackberry Cladrastis kentukea Yellowwood Cotinus coggygria Smoke tree Crataegus spp. Hawthorn X Cupressocyparis Leyland cypress leylandii 15 Recommended Planting Species— Scientific Name Common Name Mature Height (ft) Shape and Characteristics Fraxinus pennsylvanica Green ash Ginkgo biloba Ginkgo Gleditsia triacanthos Thornless honeylocust Gymnocladus dioica Kentucky coffee tree Juniperus scopulorum Rocky Mountain juniper Koelreuteria paniculata Goldenrain tree Maackia amurensis Amur maackia Ostrya virginiana Ironwood Phellodendron sp. Cork tree Picea pungens Colorado spruce Pinus aristata Bristlecone pine Pinus cembra Swiss stone pine Pinus flexilis Limber pine Pinus leucodermis Bosnian pine Pinus nigra Austrian pine Pinus ponderosa Western yellow pine Ptelea trifoliata Hoptree Rhus typhina Staghorn sumac Sorbus aucuparia European mountain ash Styphnolobium Japanese pagoda tree japonicum (Sophora japonica) Tilia tomentosa Silver linden Ulmus parvifolia Lacebark elm XERISCAPE SHRUBS Amelanchier alnifolia Western serviceberry Artemisia spp. Sagebrush/Wormwood Berberis koreana Korean barberry Berberis thunbergii Japanese barberry Caragana arborescens Siberian peashrub Caryopteris x Blue spirea clandonensis Ceanothus velutinus Snowbrush ceanothus 16 Recommended Planting Species — Scientific Name Common Name Mature Height (ft) Shape and Characteristics Cercocarpus montanus True mountain mahogany Chaenomeles spp. Flowering quince Chamaebatiaria Fernbush millefolium Cotoneaster apiculatus Cranberry cotoneaster Cotoneaster lucidus Hedge cotoneaster Daphne x burkwoodii Burkwood daphne Ericameria Rabbitbrush (Chrysothamnus) nauseosus Euonymus alatus Burning bush Holodiscus discolor Ocean spray Juniperus spp. Juniper Kerria japonica Japanese kerria Kolkwitzia amabilis Beauty bush Lonicera xylosteum Fly honeysuckle Ligustrum vulgare Common privet Mahonia aquifolium Oregon grapeholly Paxistima myritifolia Oregon boxwood Philadelphus lewisii Wild mockorange Photinia (Aronia) Red chokeberry arbutifolia Physocarpus capitatus Western ninebark Physocarpus malvaceus Mallow ninebark Picea abies `Nidiformis' Bird's nest spruce Potentilla fruticosa Bush cinquefoil Ribes aureum Golden currant Ribes sanguineum Winter currant Rosa nutkana Nootka rose Rosa rubrifolia Red leaf rose Rosa rugosa Rugosa rose Salix exigua Coyote willow Spiraea betulifolia Birchleaf spirea 17 Recommended Planting Species — Scientific Name Common Name Mature Height (ft) Shape and Characteristics Spiraea x vanhouttei Vanhoutte spirea Symphoricarpos spp. Snowberry Syringa spp. Lilac Taxus spp. Yew Viburnum x burkwoodii Burkwood viburnum Viburnum x carlcephalum Fragrant viburnum Viburnum lantana Wayfaring tree Yucca spp. Yucca XERISCAPE VINES Campsis radicans Trumpet vine Clematis columbiana Rock clematis Clematis tangutica Golden clematis Euonymus fortunei Wintercreeper euonymus Lonicera ciliosa Orange honeysuckle Parthenocissus Virginia creeper quinquefolia Parthenocissus Boston ivy tricuspidata Vitus vinifera Grape vine Wisteria spp. Wisteria XERISCAPE GROUNDCOVER Achillea tomentosa Wooly yarrow Antennaria spp. Pussytoes Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Kinnikinnick Asarum caudatum Wild ginger Cerastium tomentosum Snow-in-summer Cotoneaster horizontalis Rockspray cotoneaster Dryas octopetala Mountain avens Epimedium spp. Bishop's hat Eriogonum umbellatum Buckwheat Fragaria chiloensis Beach strawberry Gypsophila repens Creeping baby's breath 18 Recommended Planting Species — Scientific Name Common Name Mature Height (ft) Shape and Characteristics Hypericum calycinum St. John's wort Juniperus horizontalis Creeping juniper Mahonia repens Creeping mahonia Microbiota decussata Russian arborvitae Potentilla tridentata Wineleaf cinquefoil Rhus trilobata Three leaf sumac Sedum spp. Stonecrop Stachys byzantina Lamb's ears Symphytum grandiflorum Yellow comfrey Thymus spp. Thyme Veronica liwanensis Turkish speedwell Veronica pectinata Wooly veronica XERISCAPE PERENNIALS Achillea spp. Yarrow Alchemilla mollis Lady's mantle Aquilegia spp. Columbine Armeria maritima Sea pink Aster divaricatus White wood aster Aurinia saxatilis Basket-of-gold Bergenia spp. Bergenia Campanula spp. Bellflower Centranthus ruber Jupiter's beard Coreopsis verticillata Thread leaf coreopsis Corydalis lutea Yellow corydalis Dianthus spp. Pink Echinacea purpurea Purple coneflower Eremurus stenophyllus Foxtail lily Euphorbia amygdaloides Red wood spurge `Rubra' Euphorbia griffithii Spurge `Fireglow' Gaillardia spp. Blanketflower 19 Recommended Planting Species — Scientific Name Common Name Mature Height (ft) Shape and Characteristics Geranium spp. Hardy geranium Geum triflorum Prairie smoke Helianthemum Sunrose nummularium Helleborus orientalis Lenten rose Hemerocallis spp. Daylily Heuchera spp. Coralbells Hosta spp. Plantain lily Iberis sempervirens Evergreen candytuft Iris spp. Iris Knautia macedonica Crimson pincushion flower Lavandula angustifolia Lavender Liatris spp. Gayfeather Limonium latifolium Sea lavender Linum perenne Blue flax Paeonia spp. Peony Papaver orientale Oriental poppy Penstemon spp. Beardtongue Perovskia atriplicifolia Russian sage Pulsatilla vulgaris Pasque flower Rudbeckia spp. Gloriosa daisy Salvia spp. Sage Santolina Lavender cotton chamaecyparissus Sedum spp. Sedum Sempervivum spp. Hen and chicks Teucrium chamaedrys Germander XERISCAPE PERENNIAL GRASSES Buchloe dactyloides Buffalograss Calamagrostis x Feather reed grass acutiflora 'Karl Foerster' Festuca ovina var. Blue fescue glauca 20 Recommended Planting Species— Scientific Name Common Name Mature Height (ft) Shape and Characteristics Helictotrichon Blue oat grass sempervirens Luzula sylvatica Greater woodrush Miscanthus sinensis Maiden grass `Morning Light' Panicum virgatum Switch grass Seslaria spp. Moor grass 21 APPENDIX A DEFINITIONS A. General Provisions. 1. For the purpose of this Code, certain words and terms are herein defined. The word "shall" is always mandatory. The word "may" is permissive, subject to the judgment of the person administering the Code. 2. Words not defined herein shall be construed as defined in Webster's New Collegiate Dictionary. 3. The present tense includes the future and the present. 4. The singular number includes the plural and the singular. 5. Use of male designations shall also include female. B. Definitions. AASHTO: American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. Abandoned: Knowing relinquishment by the owner, of right or claim to the subject property or structure on that property, without any intention of transferring rights to the property or structure to another owner, tenant, or lessee, or of resuming the owner's use of the property. "Abandoned" shall include but not be limited to circumstances involving tax forfeiture, bankruptcy, or mortgage foreclosure. Accessory: A building, area, part of a building, structure, or use which is subordinate to, and the use of which is incidental to, that of the primary building, structure, or use on the same lot. ADA: Americans with Disabilities Act. Adequate public facilities: Facilities which have the capacity to serve development without decreasing levels of service below locally established minima. Administrative exception: A minor deviation from standards pursuant to chapter 19.140 SVMC. Adult entertainment: Includes the following: • Adult arcade device: Sometimes also known as "panoram," "preview," or"picture arcade." • Adult arcade establishment: A commercial premises to which a member of the public is invited or admitted and where adult arcade stations, booths, or devices are used to exhibit or display a graphic picture, view, film, videotape, or digital display of specified sexual activity, or live adult entertainment in a booth setting to a member of the public on a regular basis or as a substantial part of the premises' activity. • Adult arcade or peep show: Any device which, for payment of a fee, membership fee, or other charge, is used to exhibit or display a graphic picture, view, film, videotape, or digital display of specified sexual activity, or live adult entertainment in a booth setting. All such devices are denominated under this chapter by the term "adult arcade device." The term "adult arcade device" as used in this Code does not include other games which employ pictures, views, video displays, or gambling devices which do not exhibit or display adult entertainment. 1 •Adult arcade station or booth: An enclosure where a patron, member, or customer would ordinarily be positioned while using an adult arcade device or viewing a live adult entertainment performance, exhibition, or dance in a booth. "Adult arcade station" or"booth" refers to the area in which an adult arcade device is located and from which the graphic picture, view, film, videotape, digital display of specified sexual activity, or live adult entertainment is to be viewed. These terms do not mean such an enclosure that is a private office used by an owner, manager, or person employed on the premises for attending the tasks of his or her employment, if the enclosure is not held out to any member of the public for use, for hire, or for a fee for the purpose of viewing the entertainment provided by the arcade device or live adult entertainment, and not open to any person other than employees. •Adult entertainment establishment: Collectively refers to adult arcade establishments and live adult entertainment establishments licensed pursuant to chapter 5.10 SVMC. •Applicant: An individual or entity seeking an adult entertainment establishment license. •Applicant control person: All partners, corporate officers and directors, and other individuals in the applicant's business organization who hold a significant interest in the adult entertainment business, based on responsibility for management of the adult entertainment establishment. • Employee: Any person, including a manager, entertainer, or an independent contractor, who works in, at, or renders services directly related to the operation of an adult entertainment establishment. • Entertainer: Any person who provides live adult entertainment within an adult entertainment establishment as defined in this section, whether or not a fee is charged or accepted for entertainment. • Licensing administrator: The Director of the department of community and economic development of the City of Spokane Valley and his/her designee and is the person designated to administer this Code. • Liquor: All beverages defined in RCW 66.04.010(25). • Live adult entertainment: 1. An exhibition, performance, or dance conducted in a commercial premises for a member of the public where the exhibition, performance, or dance involves a person who is nude or seminude. Adult entertainment shall include, but is not limited to, performances commonly known as "strip teases"; 2. An exhibition, performance, or dance conducted in a commercial premises where the exhibition, performance, or dance is distinguished or characterized by a predominant emphasis on the depiction, description, simulation, or relation to the following "specified sexual activities": a. Human genitals in a state of sexual stimulation or arousal; b. Acts of human masturbation, sexual intercourse, sodomy, oral copulation, or bestiality; c. Fondling or other erotic touching of human genitals, pubic region, buttocks, or female breasts; or 3. An exhibition, performance, or dance that is intended to sexually stimulate a member of the public. This includes, but is not limited to, such an exhibition, 2 performance, or dance performed for, arranged with, or engaged in with fewer than all members of the public on the premises at that time, whether conducted or viewed in an arcade booth or otherwise, with separate consideration paid, either directly or indirectly, for the performance, exhibition, or dance and that is commonly referred to as table dancing, couch dancing, taxi dancing, lap dancing, private dancing, or straddle dancing. • Live adult entertainment establishment: A commercial premises to which a member of the public is invited or admitted and where an entertainer provides live adult entertainment, in a setting which does not include arcade booths or devices, to a member of the public on a regular basis or as a substantial part of the premises' activity. • Manager: Any person who manages, directs, administers, or is in charge of the affairs or conduct, or the affairs and conduct (or of a portion of the affairs or conduct)occurring at an adult entertainment establishment. • Member of the public: A customer, patron, club member, or person, other than an employee, who is invited or admitted to an adult entertainment establishment. • Nude or seminude: A state of complete or partial undress in such costume, attire, or clothing so as to expose any portion of the female breast below the top of the areola or any portion of the pubic region, anus, buttocks, vulva, or genitals, or human male genitals in a discernibly turgid state, even if completely and opaquely covered. • "Open to the public room so that the area inside is fully and completely visible to the manager": Premises where there is no door, curtain, partition, or other device extending from the top of the door frame of an arcade booth or station, with the exception of a door which is completely transparent and constructed of safety glass as specified in the International Building Code, so that the activity and occupant inside the enclosure are fully and completely visible by direct line of sight to the manager located at the manager's station which shall be located at the main entrance way to the public room. •Operator: Any person operating, conducting, or maintaining an adult entertainment establishment. • Person: Any individual, partnership, corporation, trust, incorporated or unincorporated association, marital community,joint venture, governmental entity, or other entity or group of persons however organized. • Premises: The land, structures, places, equipment, and appurtenances connected or used in any business, and any personal property or fixtures used in connection with any adult entertainment establishment. •Sexual conduct: Acts of: 1. Sexual intercourse within its ordinary meaning, occurring upon any penetration, however slight; 2. A penetration of the vagina or anus, however slight, by an object; 3. A contact between persons involving the sex organs of one person and the mouth or anus of another; or 4. Masturbation, manual or instrumental, of oneself or of one person by another; or 3 5. Touching of the sex organs, anus, or female breast, whether clothed or unclothed, of oneself or of one person by another. •Specified sexual activities: Refers to the following: 1. Human genitals in a state of sexual stimulation or arousal; 2. Acts of human masturbation, sexual intercourse, sodomy, oral copulation, or bestiality; or 3. Fondling or other erotic touching of human genitals, pubic region, buttocks, or female breasts. •Transfer of ownership or control: Of an adult entertainment establishment means any of the following: 1. The sale, lease, or sublease of the business; 2. The transfer of securities that constitute a controlling interest in the business, whether by sale, exchange, or similar means; 3. The establishment of a trust, gift, or other similar legal device that transfers the ownership or control of the business; or 4. Transfer by bequest or other operation of law upon the death of the person possessing the ownership or control. Adult entertainment and retail: An adult entertainment or adult retail use establishment. See "Entertainment, use category." Adult entertainment establishment: Collectively refers to adult arcade establishments and live adult entertainment establishments, as defined herein. Adult retail use establishment: A retail use establishment which, for money or any other form of consideration, devotes a significant or substantial portion of stock in trade to the sale, exchange, rental, loan, trade, or transferring of adult-oriented merchandise. The retail use establishment may permit patrons to view the adult-oriented merchandise for possible purchase or rental, but such on-premises viewing shall not be in exchange for money or any other form of consideration. Affordable housing: Where the term "affordable" is used, it refers to the federal definition of affordability stating that annual housing costs shall not exceed one-third of a family's annual income. When establishing affordability standards for moderate to extremely low-income families and individuals, the median household income is the amount calculated and published by the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development each year for Spokane County. Agricultural: Relating to the science or art of cultivating soil or producing crops to be used or consumed directly or indirectly by man or livestock, or raising of livestock. Agricultural processing: The series of operations taken to change agricultural products into food and consumer products. Uses include creameries. See "Industrial, light use category." Agriculture and animals, use category: Activities wherein animals or plants are raised, produced, or kept. It also includes establishments that process animals and agricultural products to make food or goods. Examples include beekeeping, animal shelters, kennels, doggie day cares, riding stables, community gardens, commercial greenhouses or nurseries, orchards, tree farms, feed lots, rendering yards, livestock auction yards, and slaughterhouses. 4 Aircraft manufacture: The manufacture or assembly of complete aircraft, aircraft prototypes, aircraft conversion, overhaul, and rebuilding. See"Industrial, heavy use category." Airport: An area of land or water that is used or intended to be used for the landing and takeoff of aircraft, and includes its buildings and facilities, if any. Airport hazard: Any structure or object of natural growth located in the vicinity of the airport which obstructs the airspace required for the flight of aircraft or airport operations. Airport land use compatibility zone: Aircraft accident zones established by WSDOT, Division of Aviation, and adopted by ordinance wherein certain land uses are restricted in order to protect the airport from encroachment from incompatible land uses. Airport obstruction: Any structure or object of natural growth or use of land which would exceed the federal obstruction standards established in 14 CFR Sections 77.21, 77.23, 77.25, and 77.28, or which obstructs the airspace required for flight of aircraft in landing or takeoff, or is otherwise hazardous to airport operations. Airstrip, private: An aircraft landing strip under private ownership which may provide specialty flying services without regular routes using general purpose aircraft. See "Transportation, use category." Alley: A public right-of-way which provides access only to the rear and/or side of properties abutting and having access to a public road. Altered/alteration: Any change, addition, or modification in construction or any change of occupancy from one use to another or from one division of a trade to another. Ambulance service: A facility used for the housing and dispatch of emergency medical personnel and paramedics using ground transportation. See "Medical, use category." Amendment: A change in the wording or substance of the Code, or a change in the zone boundaries. Animal clinic/veterinary: A facility dedicated to the care of animals, which may include grooming services and short-term boarding. See "Office, use category." Animal, large: Domesticated animals including, but not limited to, horses, donkeys, burros, llamas, bovines, goats, sheep, and other animals or livestock of similar size and type. Young of horses, mules, donkeys, burros, llamas, and alpaca, under one year in age; bovines, under 10 months in age; and sheep and goats under three months in age shall not be included when computing intensity of large animals. Animal processing/handling: The management or processing of animals for food preparation or goods manufacturing. Includes stockyards, feed lots, auction yards for livestock, slaughterhouses, meat packing facilities, and rendering plants. See "Agricultural and animals, use category." Animal raising or keeping: The keeping of large and small domesticated animals other than household pets. See "Agricultural and animals, use category." Animal shelter: A facility that houses and disposes of homeless, lost, or abandoned animals; mostly dogs and cats. See "Agricultural and animals, use category." Animal, small: Domesticated animals or fowl other than a household pet, or large animals including, but not limited to, chickens, guinea hens, geese, ducks, turkeys, pigeons, emus, ostriches (struthious), kangaroos, rabbits, mink, chinchilla, and other animals or fowl of similar size and type. Young small animals or fowl under three months of age shall not be included when computing intensity of small 5 animals or fowl. Young or miniature large animals are not included in this definition and are considered large animals. Animal, wildlife rehabilitation, or scientific research facility: A building, structure, pen, or portion(s) thereof, or an area of land where animals are housed, kept, or maintained for the purpose of wildlife rehabilitation; or for the purpose of investigation, aimed at the discovery and interpretation of facts; or the collecting of information about a particular subject. Antique store: A retail establishment offering for sale glass, china, art objects, furniture, or similar furnishings and decorations which have value and significance as a result of age and design. See "Retail sales and services, use category." AO: Is characterized as sheet flow and AH indicates ponding and includes a base flood elevation. Apparel/tailor shop: A service providing for the alteration and repair of clothing. See "Personal services." Appeal: A request for a review of the interpretation of any provision of the Code or a request for a variance. Appliance manufacture: The manufacture, assembly, and storage of household appliances. See "Industrial, light use category." Appliance sales/service: The sale, servicing, and repair of home appliances including radios, televisions, washers, refrigerators, and ranges. See "Retail sales and services, use category." Aquifer: The underground layer of rock and sand that contains usable quantities of water. Area of shallow flooding: A designated AO or AH Zone on the Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) and which has the following characteristics: 1. The base flood depths range from one to three feet; 2. A clearly defined channel does not exist; 3. The path of flooding is unpredictable and indeterminate; and 4. Velocity flow may be evident. Area of special flood hazard: The land in the floodplain within a community subject to a one percent or greater chance of flooding in any given year. Designation on maps always includes the letters A or V. Art gallery/studio: The work areas of graphic artists, painters, sculptors, weavers, quilters, and other artists with display and sales areas. See "Cultural facilities." Arterial/road map: The official maps adopted as part of the Comprehensive Plan. As-graded: The extent of surface conditions on completion of grading. Asphalt plant/manufacturing: The manufacture of carbon-based paving and saturated materials compounds. See "Industrial, heavy use category." Assembly, heavy: The assemblage of materials and/or metals for commercial and industrial uses. For examples, see "Industrial, heavy use category." 6 Assembly, light: The assemblage of materials into products. For examples, see "Industrial, light use category." Assisted living facility: A residential facility that provides routine protective oversight or assistance for independent living to mentally and physically limited persons in a residential setting. Services include, but are not limited to, transportation, food service, pharmacy, and limited nursing services. An assisted living center may be included as a part of a nursing home or convalescent center complex. See "Group living, use category." Attached: Structurally dependent, sharing a common or party wall for not less than 50 percent of the length of the primary structure(s). A breezeway is not a common wall. Auction house: A building where sale items are stored or displayed where persons are permitted to attend sales and offer bids on such items. See "Warehouse, wholesale, and freight movement, use category." Auction yard: An open area where sale items are stored or displayed and where persons are permitted to attend sales and offer bids on such items. See"Warehouse, wholesale and freight movement, use category." Auction yard, livestock: Facilities designed for the sale of livestock at auction, including barns, holding pens, and loading facilities. See "Animal processing/handling." Automobile assembly plant: A manufacturing facility for new cars and trucks. See "Industrial, heavy use category." Automobile impound yard: A secure area used for the temporary impoundment of motor vehicles by law enforcement. See "Vehicle services, use category." Automobile/taxi rental: Facilities including parking, for vehicles available for rent or lease. Facilities for fueling, servicing, and minor repair may be accessory to the rental use. See "Vehicle services, use category." Automobile/truck/RV/motorcycle painting, repair, body and fender works: A facility providing for the repair and painting of a wide variety of motor vehicles, not including engine overhaul. See "Vehicle services, use category." Automobile/truck sales and service: An area located on private property used for the display and sale of more than two new or used passenger automobiles or light trucks, including sports utility vehicles, or any truck with a gross vehicle weight(GVW)of less than one ton, including service. See "Vehicle services, use category." Automotive parts, accessories, and tires: A retail establishment engaged in the sale of new or refurbished automotive parts and accessories, including installation of tires, automotive accessories, and the minor repair of passenger cars and light trucks. See "Vehicle services, use category." Available public facilities: Facilities or services are in place or a financial commitment is in place to provide the facilities or services within a specified time. In the case of transportation, the specified time is six years from the time of development. Awning: A roof-like cover that projects from the wall of a building for the purpose of identity, decoration, or shielding a doorway or window from the elements. Bakery products manufacturing: A facility preparing baked goods for regional distribution with accessory retail sales. See "Industrial, light use category." 7 Bakery, retail: A retail business offering baked goods including pies, doughnuts, cakes, and breads for sale to the public. See "Retail sales and services, use category." Bankfull depth: The average vertical distance between the channel bed and the estimated water surface elevation required to completely fill the channel to a point above which water would enter the floodplain or intersect a terrace or hill slope. In cases where multiple channels exist, the bankfull depth is the average depth of all channels along the cross-section. Bankfull width: • For streams—the measurement of the lateral extent of the water surface elevation perpendicular to the channel at bankfull depth. In cases where multiple channels exist, bankfull width is the sum of the individual channel widths along the cross-section. • For lakes, ponds, and impoundments— line of mean high water. • For periodically inundated areas of associated wetlands —the line of periodic inundation, which will be found by examining the edge of inundation to ascertain where the presence and action of waters are so common and usual, and so long continued in all ordinary years, as to mark upon the soil a character distinct from that of the abutting upland. Banks, savings and loan, and other financial institutions: Offices and service facilities for banks, savings and loans, credit unions, or other financial institutions, including drive-through windows. See "Retail services, use category." Barber/beauty shop: A facility offering haircuts, manicures, and similar personal services. See "Retail services, use category." Base flood: The flood having a one percent chance of being equaled or exceeded in any given year. Also referred to as the "100-year flood." Designation on maps always includes the letters A or V. Basement: The portion of a building at least four feet below grade for more than 50 percent of the perimeter but not more than eight feet below grade at any point of the structure. Battery charging station: An electrical component assembly or cluster of component assemblies designed specifically to charge batteries within electric vehicles, which meet or exceed any standards, codes, and regulations set forth by chapter 19.28 RCW and consistent with rules adopted under RCW 19.27.540. Battery exchange station: A fully-automated facility that will enable an electric vehicle with a swappable battery to enter a drive lane and exchange the depleted battery with a fully-charged battery through a fully-automated process, which meets or exceeds any standards, codes, and regulations set forth by chapter 19.27 RCW and consistent with rules adopted under RCW 19.27.540 as now adopted or hereafter amended. Battery rebuilding/manufacture: A facility that specializes in retail, wholesale, OEM/manufacturing, custom battery rebuilding, and battery assembly for consumer and industrial use. See "Industrial, heavy use category." Bed and breakfast: A single-family dwelling which provides accommodations for one or more paying guests on a reservation basis. See "Lodging, use category." Bedrock: The more or less solid rock in place on or beneath the surface of the earth. It may be soft, medium, or hard and have a smooth or irregular surface. 8 Beehive: A structure designed to contain one colony of honey bees (apis mellifera)and registered with the Washington State Department of Agriculture per chapter 15.60 RCW oras hereafter amended. Beekeeping, commercial: An activity where more than 25 beehives are kept on a lot. See "Agricultural and animals, use category." Beekeeping, hobby: The keeping of 25 or fewer beehives on a lot. See "Agricultural and animals, use category." Bench: As referred to in grading, a relatively-level step excavated into earth material on which fill is to be placed. Berm: A narrow ledge or shelf of land generally consisting of earth material that may be natural or artificial. Best management practices (BMP): Currently available, feasible, and generally-accepted techniques or practices that mitigate the adverse impact from the uncontrolled stormwater on the environment, surrounding properties, and infrastructure. Bicycle: A vehicle having two tandem wheels propelled solely by human power, upon which any persons or person may ride. Bicycle lane: That portion of a paved roadway striped for use by bicycles. Bicycle path: A bikeway physically separated from motorized vehicular traffic by an open space or barrier and either within the highway right-of-way or within an independent right-of-way. Bicycle route: A segment of a system of bikeways designated with appropriate directional and informational markers with or without specific bicycle route number. Bicycle sales and service: A retail establishment offering for sale to the public non-motorized vehicles, including bicycles, skateboards, roller blades, unicycles, or similar equipment, and providing repairs. See "General sales/service." Bikeway: Any road, path, or way, which in some manner is specifically designated and which may legally be used by bicycles regardless of whether such facilities are designated for the exclusive use of bicycles or are to be shared with other transportation modes. Binding site plan: A plan drawn to scale for the division of land processed in accordance with Title 20 SVMC and chapter 58.17 RCW. Block: A parcel of land surrounded by public streets, highways, railroad rights-of-way, public walks, parks, green strips, rural land, drainage channels, or a combination thereof. Boat building: The construction, refurbishing, and repair of recreational boats. See "Industrial, heavy use category." Book/stationery store: A retail establishment offering books, magazines, greeting cards, and similar items to the public. See "Educational and hobby store." Border easement: A dedicated easement on private property adjacent to public street right(s)-of-way established for the purposes of utility, drainage facilities, pedestrian access, or other public purpose. Borrow: As referred to in grading, earth material acquired from either an on-or off-site location for use in grading on a site. 9 Bottling plant: An industrial facility which provides for the packaging and distribution of liquid products, including the mixing of liquid components. See "Industrial, light use category." Boundary line adjustment: A land use action adjusting lot lines. Boundary line elimination: A land use action aggregating two or more lots or parcels of land. Bowling alley: Indoor entertainment facility that provides rental and sale of bowling equipment and restaurant services. See "Recreational facilities." Breakaway wall: A wall that is not part of the structural support of the building and is intended through its design and construction to collapse under specific lateral loading forces, without causing damage to the elevated portion of the building or supporting foundation system. Brewery, micro: An establishment brewing specialized beers for localized distribution, as well as local restaurant services. See "Tavern/night club." Brewery, winery, or distillery: A facility engaged in the production of beer, wine, or spirits for regional distribution, including fermentation, distillation, and bottling. See "Tavern/night club." Broom manufacturing: The manufacture of brooms, brushes, and mops. See "Industrial, light use category." Building height: The vertical distance from the average finished grade to the average height of the highest roof surface. s � 30'; ' 32' _ : Extstir9 — _ „ Grade Point of Lowest Measurement Elevation Building official: The authority charged with the administration and enforcement of the adopted building codes pursuant to SVMC 18.40.010. Building setback line: A line established as the minimum distance a structure may be located from any property line or border easement. Building supply and home improvement: An establishment selling hardware, lumber, sheetrock, plumbing supplies, flooring, lighting fixtures, landscaping supplies, nursery stock, and appliances at retail and wholesale. See "Retail sales and services, use category." Bulkheads: Retaining wall structures erected to stabilize land at the water's edge and prevent erosion. Revetments are the same as bulkheads. Caliper: The diameter of a deciduous tree measured at four and one-half feet above grade. Camera sales and service: The retail sale of photographic equipment and supplies, and the repair of cameras, lenses, tripods, optical, and related photographic accessories. See "Specialty stores." 10 Camping units: A structure, shelter, or vehicle designed and intended for temporary occupancy by persons engaged in camping or use of a camping unit for recreation. Camping units include, but are not limited to, recreational vehicles, recreational park trailers and campers, camping cabins, tents, tepees, yurts, and other similar shelters. Candy and confectionery: The preparation and specialty retail sale of candy and confectionery, not otherwise classified as a grocery store. See "Retail sales and services, use category." Carnival or circus: Temporary entertainment facilities providing rides, exhibits, games, musical productions, food and drink, and items for sale as part of a private commercial venture. See "Entertainment, use category." Carpenter shop: An establishment producing finished wooden products from raw materials. See "Industrial, light use category." Carpet and rug cleaning plants: A plant engaged in the cleaning and repair of carpets and textiles utilizing solvents and volatile organic compounds. It does not include cleaning services provided on client premises. See "Industrial service, use category." Car wash: Facilities for the washing of passenger cars and light trucks as either a primary use or accessory to fueling stations, convenience stores, or similar permitted uses. See "Vehicle, use category." Car wash, automated: A car wash using robotic tracks or systems to wash the exterior of passenger cars and light trucks. See "Vehicle, use category." Casino: A gaming establishment licensed pursuant to chapter 9.46 RCW, including restaurant services. See "Entertainment, use category." Catalogue and mail-order houses: Merchandise warehouse and distribution center, including showroom. See "Warehouse, wholesale and freight movement, use category." Catering services: Food preparation intended for delivery to location(s)different from that where the preparation takes place. See "Retail services, use category." Cemetery: Land or facilities used or planned for use for the preparation for the disposition of human or animal remains including columbaria, crematories, mausoleums, and mortuaries when operated in conjunction with and within the boundary of such cemetery. See "Parks and open space, use category." Ceramics shop: A retail store which provides the supplies and equipment for molding, firing, glazing, and enameling ceramic goods. See "Specialty stores." Certificate of occupancy: An official certificate issued by the building official that indicates conformance with building requirements and zoning regulations and authorizes legal use of the premises for which it is issued. Certificate of title: A letter, report, opinion, statement, policy, or certificate prepared and executed by a title describing all encumbrances of record which affect the property, together with all recorded deeds, including any part of the property included in the plat. Chemical manufacture: Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing chemicals using basic processes, such as thermal cracking and distillation. Chemicals manufactured in this industry group are usually separate chemical elements or separate chemically-defined compounds, not including aluminum oxide manufacturing, primary metal manufacturing, ceramics, and beverage distilleries which are defined separately. See "Industrial, heavy use category." 11 Church, temple, mosque, synagogue, house of worship: An establishment, the principal purpose of which is religious worship and for which the main building or other structure contains the sanctuary or principal place of worship, and including accessory uses in the main building or in separate buildings or structures, including Sunday school rooms and religious education classrooms, assembly rooms, a common kitchen, a library room or reading room, columbaria, recreation hall, and on-site living quarters for members of religious orders and caretakers. See "Community services, use category." City: The City of Spokane Valley, Washington. City Council: The governing body of the City. City property: Real property owned by the City which may include easements, dedications, and rights- of-way. City standards: The Spokane Regional Stormwater Manual, the City of Spokane Valley street standards, and other standards developed or recognized by the Director that relate to best management practices, design criteria, exemptions, permitting processes forms, and such other matters for the administration of stormwater control. Clothes manufacture: The manufacture of apparel for wholesale distribution. See "Industrial, light use category." Clothes, retail sales: A retail store offering clothing, footwear, and accessories for sale to the general public. See "Retail sales and services, use category." Club: An association of persons for some common purpose, but not including groups organized primarily to render a service which is customarily carried on as a business. Code: Spokane Valley Municipal Code (SVMC). Cold storage/food locker: A commercial building designed to prevent spoilage of food and to store food for retail food stores or persons buying in large quantities. See "Warehouse, wholesale and freight movement, use category." Collocation: Locating wireless communication equipment from more than one provider on one structure on one site. Communication equipment manufacture: The manufacture, assembly, and storage of communications equipment. See "Industrial, light use category." Communication facilities, use category: Any towers, poles, antennas, structures, or broadcasting studios intended for use in connection with transmission or receipt of telecommunication signals. Communication service/sales: Establishments providing for the sale and service of communications equipment including, but not limited to, telephones, satellite dishes, and radio equipment. See "General sales/service." Community facilities: The facilities of local government, other public agencies, or nonprofit organizations including, but not limited to, police stations, fire stations, government offices, courtrooms, water/wastewater storage and treatment facilities, except transit stations, churches, and schools. See "Public/quasi-public, use category." Community garden: Facility or area for cultivation of fruits, flowers, vegetables, or ornamental plants by more than one person or family. See "Agricultural and animals, use category." 12 Community hall, club, or lodge: A building and related grounds used for social, civic, or recreational purposes and owned and operated by a nonprofit group serving the area in which it is located and open to the general public. See "Community service, use category." Community residential facility: A dwelling licensed, certified, or authorized by state authorities as a residence for children or adults in need of supervision, support, or assistance. See "Group living, use category." Community services, use category: Uses of a public, nonprofit, or charitable nature that provide a local service to the community. Examples include funeral service facilities, religious institutions, senior centers, community centers, youth club facilities, hospices, drug and alcohol centers, social service facilities, mass shelters, short-term housing when operated by a public or nonprofit agency, vocational training for the physically or mentally disabled, soup kitchens, and surplus food distribution centers. Compaction: The densification of a fill by mechanical means. Composting storage/processing, commercial: A facility storing or composting organic material for commercial purposes. See "Industrial, heavy use category." Comprehensive Plan: The Comprehensive Plan adopted by Spokane Valley, Washington, pursuant to chapter 36.70A RCW. Computer manufacture and assembly: See "Electrical/electronic/computer component/system manufacturing and assembly." Computer services: Facilities used for the design and testing of computer systems and component parts, including software design and computer support services. See "Office, professional." Concurrency: Adequate public facilities required when the service demands of development occur. Conditional use: A use authorized subject to conditions and performance standards established by the Hearing Examiner. Contractor's yard: An area and/or building used to store, maintain, and repair equipment, trucks, and motor vehicles, construction supplies, building equipment, and raw materials for an individual or for a contractor engaged in building or other construction businesses including, but not limited to, plumbing, electrical, structural, finish, demolition, transportation, masonry, excavating, or other construction work. See "Industrial, light use category." Convalescent home/nursing home: A residential facility licensed by the state or county to provide long- term special care and supervision to convalescents, invalids, and/or aged persons, but where no persons are kept who suffer from mental sickness or disease or physical disorder or ailment which is normally treated within sanitariums or hospitals. Special care in such a facility includes, but is not limited to, nursing, feeding, recreation, boarding, and other personal services. See "Group living, use category." Convenience store: A retail store of less than 10,000 square feet in size engaged in the sale of personal or household merchandise, packaged foods, and beverages, which may include fueling stations as an accessory use where permitted. See "Retail sales and services, use category." Cosmetic manufacture/distribution: The manufacture, storage, and distribution of cosmetics, perfumes, and toiletries. See "Industrial, light use category." Court: An open, unoccupied space, bounded on more than two sides by the walls of a building. An inner court is entirely surrounded by the exterior walls of a building. An outer court has one side open to a street, alley, yard, or other permanent space. 13 Crematory: A facility containing a furnace for cremating and providing cremation services. See "Community services, use category." Critical areas: Any of the following areas and ecosystems: wetlands, areas with a critical recharge effect on aquifers used for potable water, fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas, frequently flooded areas, and geologically hazardous areas. Critical facility: A facility for which even a slight chance of flooding might be too great. Critical facilities include, but are not limited to, schools, nursing homes, hospitals, police, fire, and emergency response installations, installations which produce, use, or store hazardous materials or hazardous waste. Critical material: A substance present in sufficient quantity that its accidental or intentional release would result in the impairment of one or more beneficial uses of soil, air, and ground and surface water pursuant to chapter 21.40 SVMC. Cultural facilities: Establishments that provide cultural opportunities to the public. Examples include performing art centers, exhibition halls, auditoriums, museums, art galleries and studios, dance, and music venues. See "Entertainment, use category." Cumulative substantial damage: Flood-related damages sustained by a structure on two separate occasions during a 10-year period for which the cost of repairs at the time of each such flood event, on the average, equals or exceeds 25 percent of the market value of the structure before the damage occurred. Day(s): A calendar day, unless otherwise specified, computed by excluding the first day and including the last day pursuant to RCW 1.12.040. When an act to be done requires a City business day, and the last day by which the act may be done is not a City business day, then the last day to act is the following business day. Day care, adult: A licensed or accredited facility that provides counseling, recreation, food, or any or all of these services to elderly or handicapped persons for a period of less than 24 hours a day. See "Day care, use category." Day care, child: A licensed or accredited facility which regularly provides care for a group of children for periods of less than 24 hours and includes pre-kindergarten, nursery schools, Montessori schools, mothers' day out, and after school programs. See "Day care, use category." Day care, use category: A licensed or accredited place, program, or organization that regularly provides care for children, elderly, or handicapped adults for periods of less than 24 hours per day. Deciduous: Plant materials which shed leaves during the fall and winter season. Density, gross: The total number of residential dwelling units per gross acre. Department, community and economic development: The City of Spokane Valley department of community and economic development. Department, public works: The City of Spokane Valley public works department. Department/variety store: A store offering a variety of goods to the public at retail including, but not limited to, furniture, clothing, housewares, linens, toys, electronics, small appliances, sporting goods, and footwear. See "Retail sales and services, use category." Detention and post-detention facilities: See "Essential public facility." 14 Development: Any man-made change to improved or unimproved real estate including, but not limited to, buildings or other structures, mining, dredging, filling, grading, paving, excavation, drilling operations, or storage of equipment or materials located within the area of special flood hazard. Director: Director of community and economic development, unless otherwise stated specifically in the Code. The Director of community and economic development is the individual or designees, appointed by the City Manager, responsible for the interpretation and enforcement of all or part of the provisions of the Spokane Valley Municipal Code. District: The area to which certain zoning regulations apply. Dormitory: See "Dwelling, congregate." Double plumbing: Plumbing installation required for properties for which conversion from on-site to public wastewater collection is necessary. Dredging: The removal of sediment, earth, or gravel from the bottom of a body of water, either for the deepening of navigational channels, to mine the sediment materials, to restore water bodies, or for flood control. Driveway: Any area, improvement, or facility between the roadway of a public or private street and private property, which provides ingress/egress for vehicles from the roadway to a lot(s)or parcel(s). Dry cleaners: A retail business providing dry cleaning and laundry services to the public. See "Personal services." Dry cleaning, laundry, linen supply plant, commercial: An industrial facility providing laundry, dry cleaning, linen supply, and uniforms on a regional basis. See "Industrial service, use category." Dry kiln: An industrial process for curing timber. See "Industrial, heavy use category." Dry line sewer: A sewer line, constructed at the time of property development, which is not put into service until the public sewer system is extended to the development. Dwelling: A building or portion thereof designed exclusively for residential purposes. Dwelling, accessory unit: A freestanding detached structure or an attached part of a structure that is subordinate and incidental to the primary dwelling unit located on the same property, providing complete, independent living facilities exclusively for a single housekeeping unit, including permanent provisions for living, sleeping, cooking, and sanitation. See "Residential, use category." Dwelling, accessory unit—industrial: A dwelling unit within a primary building located in the Industrial zone for occupancy by a person or family for living and sleeping purposes. Dwelling, accessory unit—industrial mixed-use: A dwelling unit within a primary building located in the Industrial Mixed-Use zone for occupancy by a person or family for living and sleeping purposes. Dwelling, caretaker's residence: A dwelling unit provided for the purpose of on-site supervision and security that is occupied by a bona fide employee of the property owner. See "Residential, use category." Dwelling, congregate: A residential facility under joint occupancy and single management arranged or used for lodging of unrelated individuals, with or without meals, including boarding or rooming houses, dormitories, fraternities and sororities, and convents and monasteries. See "Group living, use category." Dwelling, cottage: A small single family dwelling unit developed as a group of dwelling units clustered around a common area pursuant to SVMC 19.40.050 as now adopted or hereafter amended. 15 Dwelling, duplex: An attached building designed exclusively for occupancy by two families, with separate entrances and individual facilities for cooking, sleeping, and sanitation, but sharing a common or party wall or stacked. See "Residential, use category." Dwelling, multifamily: A building designed for occupancy by three or more families, with separate entrances and individual facilities for cooking, sleeping, and sanitation. See "Residential, use category." Dwelling, single-family: A building, manufactured or modular home or portion thereof, designed exclusively for single-family residential purposes, with a separate entrance and facilities for cooking, sleeping, and sanitation. See "Residential, use category." Dwelling,townhouse: A single-family dwelling unit constructed in groups of three or more attached units in which each unit extends from foundation to roof, open on at least two sides. See "Residential, use category." Dwelling unit: One or more rooms, designed, occupied, or intended for occupancy as separate living quarters, with an individual entrance, cooking, sleeping, and sanitary facilities for the exclusive use of one family maintaining a household. Earth material: Any rock, natural soil, or fill or any combination thereof. Easement: A right to use the land of others. The right may be from the common law or may be acquired, usually by purchase or condemnation and occasionally by prescription or inverse condemnation. The right is not exclusive, but subject to rights of others in the same land, the lesser right being subservient to a prior right which is dominant. Eating and drinking establishment, use category: This is a use in which food and/or beverages are prepared and sold at retail for immediate consumption on or off premise. Eating and drinking establishments include restaurants and drinking establishments. Ecologist, qualified: A person who has obtained an undergraduate and/or graduate degree in one of the environmental sciences such as, but not limited to, biology, zoology, botany, wildlife management, or bioengineering from an accredited college or university and has a minimum of two years of field experience evaluating the impacts of human encroachments on riparian fish and wildlife habitats and on riparian vegetation species. Education, use category: Uses that provide state mandated basic education, higher learning education, vocational or trade education, or specialized training. Preschools and pre-kindergarten facilities are included in the "Day care, use category." Educational and hobby store: An establishment that sells educational and hobby oriented merchandise such as bookstores, stationery stores, games, arts, and crafts stores. See "Retail sales and services, use category." Electric vehicle infrastructure: Structures, machinery, and equipment necessary and integral to support an electric vehicle, including battery charging stations, rapid charging stations, and battery exchange stations. Electrical/electronic/computer component/system manufacturing and assembly: The manufacture, assembly of light fixtures, computers or computer components including, but not limited to, relays, chips, routers, semiconductors, and optical processing equipment. See "Industrial, light use category." Elevated building: For insurance purposes, a non-basement building which has its lowest elevated floor raised above ground level by foundation walls, shear walls, posts, piers, pilings, or columns. 16 Elevation certificate: The official form (FEMA Form 81-31) used to track development, provide elevation information necessary to ensure compliance with community floodplain management ordinances, and determine the proper insurance premium rate with Section B completed by community officials. Engineering geology: The application of geologic knowledge and principles in the investigation and evaluation of naturally occurring rock and soil for use in the design of civil works. Entertainment/recreation, commercial (indoor): A facility offering indoor entertainment such as a bowling alley, video arcade, dance hall, skating rink, billiard parlor, indoor archery, and gun range. See "Recreational facility." Entertainment/recreation, commercial (outdoor): A facility offering outdoor entertainment or games of skill to the general public for a fee or charge such as an archery range, or miniature golf course. See "Recreational facility." Entertainment, use category: Uses that are entertainment or recreation oriented. Equipment rental shop: A business establishment offering equipment for rental. See "Retail services, use category." Equipment sales, repair, and maintenance: A business establishment offering equipment for sale, including repair and maintenance. See "Retail sales and services, use category." Erosion: The disturbance of land or transportation of soil or other native materials by running water, wind, ice, or other geological agents. Espresso establishment: An establishment with or without drive-through service offering coffee, tea, and other nonalcoholic beverages for sale to the public, with only limited sale of food items incidental to the beverage service for take-out or consumption on the premises. See "Food and beverage service, use category." Essential public facility(EPF): Facilities which are typically difficult to site, such as airports, state education facilities, state or regional transportation facilities, state and local correctional facilities, solid waste handling, inpatient facilities including substance abuse, mental health, and secure community transition facilities. See "Public/quasi-public, use category." • Detention and post-detention facilities: Congregate residential facilities for the housing, training, and supervision of individuals under judicial detention including, but not limited to, prisons,jails, probation centers,juvenile detention homes, halfway houses, and related post- incarceration facilities. • Hospital, psychiatric and/or substance abuse: A licensed facility providing inpatient residential rehabilitation and supervision and outpatient care for individuals suffering from substance abuse, psychological or emotional disease, or defect. • Secure community transition facility(SCTF): A licensed, secure, and supervised residential facility for convicted sex offenders. Excavation: The mechanical removal of earth material. Exercise facility: A facility providing physical fitness equipment and facilities, including weight rooms, running tracks, swimming pools, play courts, and similar facilities, as well as counseling in exercise and nutrition. See "Entertainment, use category." Existing manufactured home park: A manufactured home park for which the construction of facilities for servicing the lots on which the manufactured homes are to be affixed (including, at a minimum, 17 installation of utilities, construction of streets, and either final site grading or pouring of concrete pads) is completed before the effective date of the adopted floodplain management regulations. Expansion to an existing manufactured home park: The preparation of additional sites by the construction of facilities for servicing the lots on which the manufactured homes are to be affixed (including installation of utilities, construction of streets, and either final site grading or pouring of concrete pads). Explosive manufacturing: The manufacture and storage of substances causing a sudden release of pressure, gas, and heat when subjected to sudden shock, pressure, or high temperature including, but not limited to, dynamite, gun powder, plastic explosives, detonators, or fireworks. See "Industrial, heavy use category." Explosive storage: Storage of explosive materials including, but not limited to, dynamite, gun powder, plastic explosives, detonators, or fireworks. See "Industrial, heavy use category." FAA: Federal Aviation Administration. Family: An individual or two or more persons related by blood, marriage, or adoption, or a group of not more than five persons, excluding dependents, who are not related by blood, marriage, or adoption, living together as a single housekeeping unit. Family home, adult: A licensed residential home in which a person or persons provide personal care, special care, room, and board to adults who are not related by blood or marriage to the person or persons providing the services. See "Community residential facility." Family home, child: A licensed child care facility providing regular care for children in the family living quarters. See "Community residential facility." Farm machinery sales and repair: A specialized retail facility catering exclusively to the sale and repair of farm machinery including tractors, farm implements, combines, loaders, applicators, and their accessories. See "Vehicle services, use category." FCC: Federal Communications Commission. Feed lot: A confined area or structure used for feeding, breeding, or holding livestock for eventual sale or slaughter, including barns, pens, or other structures. See "Animal processing/handling." Feed/cereal/flour mill: A structure or building used to store or grind grain for animal or human consumption. See "Industrial, light use category." Fence: A wall or a barrier composed of stone, brick, or posts connected by lumber, rails, panels, or wire for the purpose of enclosing space, marking boundaries, serving as an obstruction or barrier, or separating parcels of land. Fertilizer manufacture: The manufacture and storage of organic and chemical fertilizer, including manure and sludge processing. See "Industrial, heavy use category." Fill: A deposit of earth material placed by artificial means. Fire lane: An access designed to accommodate emergency access to a parcel of land or its improvements. Flood Insurance Rate Map or FIRM: The official map on which the Federal Insurance Administration has delineated both the areas of special flood hazards and the risk premium zones applicable to the City. 18 Flood Insurance Study(FIS): The official report provided by the Federal Insurance Administration that includes flood profiles, Flood Boundary-Floodway Map, and water surface elevation of the base flood. Flood or flooding: A general and temporary condition of partial or complete inundation of normally dry land areas from: 1. The overflow of inland or tidal waters; and/or 2. The unusual and rapid accumulation of runoff of surface waters from any source. Floodplain, 100-year: An area determined by the Federal Emergency Management Agency(FEMA)or by Spokane County to have a one percent chance of flooding in any given year. Flood storage area: Floodplain areas designated on the FIRM where the storage and infiltration of floodwater has been taken into account in reducing flood discharges. Storage areas may include floodwater conveyance or floodway characteristics. Floodway: The channel of a river or other watercourse and the adjacent land areas that must be reserved in order to discharge the base flood without cumulatively increasing the water surface elevation more than one foot. Florist shop: The retail sales of floral arrangements and accessories. See "Retail sales and services, use category." Food product manufacturing/storage: The commercial production or preservation of food products from agricultural products, and/or the packaging, repackaging, or other preparation of food for wholesale distribution including, but not limited to, starch manufacture, sugar refining, pickling, tobacco, and vegetable oil manufacture. See also "Meat/fish cutting, canning, curing, and smoking." See "Industrial, heavy use category." Food sales, specialty/butcher shop/meat market/specialty foods: The retail sales of specialty meat and fish products and specialty food, not otherwise classified as a grocery store. See "Retail sales and services, use category." Forest land: Land identified as of long-term significance for growing trees for commercial purposes (WAC 365-190-030(7)). Fraternity/sorority: An organization formed chiefly for social purposes which may function as a place for living and eating, especially for college students. See also "Dwelling, congregate." Freight forwarding: Land and facilities providing for the transport, storage, and shipment of goods. See "Warehouse, wholesale and freight movement, use category." Frontage: The full length of a plot of land or a building measured alongside the road onto which the plot or building fronts. In the case of contiguous buildings, individual frontages are usually measured to the middle of any party wall. Interior lots which front on two streets are double frontage lots. Fueling station: An establishment engaged in the retail sale of gasoline, automotive fuels, and lubricants. See "Vehicle services, use category." Funeral home: A facility licensed by the state engaged in preparing human remains for burial or cremation. Services may include, but are not limited to, embalming, transport, memorial services, and the sale of caskets. See "Community services, use category." Furniture manufacture: The manufacture of furniture and cabinetry. See "Industrial, light use category." 19 Furniture sales/repair: Retail sales of household furniture and repairs not including re-upholstery. See "Department/variety store." Garage, public: A building or portion thereof, other than a private garage, used for the care, parking, repair, or storage of automobiles, boats, and/or recreational vehicles or where such vehicles are kept for remuneration or hire. General sales/service: Retail establishments that sell and service small electronics or consumer products such as bikes, computers, small electronics, communication equipment,jewelry, clocks, and musical instruments. Does not include appliance sales/service and equipment sales, repair, and maintenance. See "Retail sales and services, use category." Gift shop: Retail sales of miscellaneous gift items, including novelty merchandise, souvenirs, statuary, ornaments, and decorations. See "Retail sales and services, use category." Golf course: Outdoor course of nine or more holes, including driving range, cart rentals, pro-shop, and restaurant services. See "Parks/open space, use category." Golf driving range: A tract of land for practicing long golf shots. See "Parks/open space, use category." Grade: The vertical location of the ground surface. • Existing grade is the grade prior to grading. • Finish grade is the final grade of the site that conforms to the approved plan. • Rough grade is the state at which the grade approximately conforms to the approved plan. •Average finished grade is the elevation of the finished ground level at the center of all exterior walls of a building. In case of any wall which is parallel to and within five feet of a lot line, elevation at the lot line adjacent to the center of the wall shall be considered the finished ground level. Grading: Any excavating or filling or combination thereof. Grain elevator: A facility for the storage of grain. See also "Feed/cereal/flour mill." See "Warehouse, wholesale and freight movement, use category." Greenhouse/nursery, commercial: An establishment where flowers, shrubbery, vegetables, trees, and other horticultural and floricultural products are grown both in the open and in an enclosed building for sale on a retail or wholesale basis. It does not include marijuana production. See "Agricultural and animals, use category." Greenhouse, nursery, garden center, retail: An establishment where flowers, shrubbery, vegetables, trees, and other horticultural and floricultural products are grown both in the open and in an enclosed building for sale on a retail basis. It does not include marijuana production. See "Retail sales and services, use category." Grocery store: A retail establishment offering a wide variety of comestibles, beverages, and household supplies for sale. See "Retail sales and services, use category." Group living, use category: Living facilities for groups of unrelated individuals that include at least one person residing on the site who is responsible for supervising, managing, monitoring, and/or providing care, training, or treatment of residents characterized by shared facilities for eating, hygiene, and/or recreation. Examples include dormitories, fraternities and sororities, assisted living facilities, nursing and 20 convalescent homes, aggregate dwellings, and community residential facilities. Excludes detention and post-detention facilities. Gymnasium: A building containing space and equipment for various indoor sports activities (such as basketball or boxing) and usually including spectator accommodations, locker and shower rooms, offices, and swimming pools. See "Recreational facility." Halfway house: See "Essential public facility" and "Public/quasi-public, use category." Hardware store: An establishment engaged in the retail sale and/or rental of hardware and small tools. See "Retail sales and services, use category." Hazardous waste: All dangerous or hazardous waste materials, including substances composed of, or contaminated by, radioactive and hazardous components as defined in RCW 70.105.010(11). Hazardous waste storage: The holding of hazardous waste for a temporary period, as regulated by chapter 173-303 WAC. See "Industrial, heavy use category." Hazardous waste treatment: The physical, chemical, or biological processing of hazardous waste for the purpose of rendering these wastes non-dangerous or less dangerous, safer for transport, amenable for energy or material resource recovery, amenable for storage, or reduced in volume. See "Industrial, heavy use category." Hearing examiner: The individual designated by the City Council to conduct public hearings and render decisions on amendments, special permits, conditional uses, appeals, and other matters as set forth in chapter 18.20 SVMC. Heavy truck and industrial vehicle sales, rental, repair, and maintenance: Land and facilities offering the sale, service, and maintenance of motor vehicles and cargo trailers with a manufacturer's gross vehicle weight in excess of one ton. See "Vehicle services, use category." Heliport: A landing facility for rotary wing aircraft subject to regularly scheduled use and may include fueling or servicing facilities for such craft. See "Transportation, use category." Helistop: A landing pad for occasional and infrequent use by rotary wing aircraft. No on-site servicing or fueling, and not for regularly scheduled stops. See "Transportation, use category." High occupancy vehicle (HOV): A motorized vehicle carrying two or more passengers. Hobby shop: A retail establishment offering games, crafts and craft supplies, and art supplies to the public. See "Educational and hobby store." Home furnishings, retail sales: A retail establishment offering decorating services and materials. See "Department/variety store." Home business: A business, profession, or craft accessory to the residential use. Horse boarding: A barn, stable, or other structure where owners or users of the property commercially bathe, train, house, and/or feed more than three horses or other riding animals, any of which are not owned by the users or owners of the property for more than 24 consecutive hours. Hospital: An institution licensed by the state offering in- and outpatient medical services, but not including facilities treating exclusively psychiatric, substance or alcohol abuse. See "Medical, use category." 21 Hospital, psychiatric and/or substance abuse: See "Essential public facility." See "Public/quasi- public, use category." Hospital, specialty: A facility providing specialized in-and/or outpatient medical care, including hospices, birthing centers, urgent and trauma care, but not including facilities treating psychiatric, substance or alcohol abuse. See "Medical, use category." Hotel/motel: A building in which there are six or more guest rooms where lodging with or without meals is provided for compensation, and where no provision is made for cooking in any individual room or suite. See "Lodging, use category." Household pet: Any animal or bird, other than livestock, large or small animals, and animals or birds considered to be predatory or wild, which normally lives in or is kept in a residence. Ice plant: A facility manufacturing and distributing ice. See "Industrial, light use category." Incinerator: A vessel, device, apparatus, or structure designed to burn solid waste under controlled, nuisance-free conditions, and at a relatively high temperature, for the purpose of reducing the combustible components to a non-putrescible residue capable of ready disposal. Industrial, heavy use category: Establishments that assemble, manufacture, package, or process raw or semi-finished materials to produce goods. Heavy industry can require large amounts of raw materials, area, and power. Heavy industrial uses can have the potential to be dangerous or to have significant impacts to surrounding properties with noise, odor, nuisance, or vibration. It includes uses that do heavy assembly, manufacturing, and processing; produce energy; and handle or store waste. All uses that are allowed in the industrial (light) use category are allowed in the industrial (heavy) use category. • Dangerous facilities examples include storage of explosives. • Heavy industrial assembly examples include assembly of motor vehicles and aircraft. • Heavy industrial manufacturing examples include the production of chemicals, stone, leather, explosives, non-metallic mineral, machinery, fertilizer, plastic, rubber, tires, soap, petroleum, coal, ink, food, and roll forming and stamping metal. • Handling waste examples include hazardous solid or liquid waste treatment and storage facilities. • Heavy processing examples include rubber reclamation facilities, composting, processing and storage facilities (commercial), asphalt/concrete plants, dry kiln, rolling mills, lumber mills, paper mills, metal processing plants, dry kilns, rolling mills, wood preservation, woodworking, composting yards, and mines. It also includes plastic injection molding (thermoset), except that plastic injection molding (thermoplastic) is classified as light industrial use. Industrial, light use category: Establishments that assemble, manufacture, package, or process semi- finished materials to produce goods. Light industry uses require small amounts of raw materials, area, and power. All processing, fabricating, assembly, or disassembly of items takes place within an enclosed building. Many light industrial uses can utilize small spaces designed for general commercial use, often needing very little renovation or adaptation. Light industry uses tend to be consumer oriented as the products are for end users and typically not to be used in an intermediate step by another industry. Uses that have the potential to impact the environment or adjacent properties are classified in the heavy industrial use category. Production of goods that are to be sold primarily on site and to the general public are classified in the retail sales and services use category. 22 • Light industrial assembly examples include establishments that assemble electronics, computer components and systems, communication equipment, precision tools, musical, medical and laboratory instruments and apparatus, and power hand tools. • Light industrial manufacturing examples include clothes, shoes, furniture, signs, medical, and household appliances. • Light industrial processing examples include ice plants, bottling plants, machine shops, meat and fish processing plants (such as canning, curing, and smoking), feed, cereal, and flour mills, bakery product manufacturing, agricultural processing plants, and marijuana processing facilities. Industrial service: Establishments that service equipment or products for or to support industrial, commercial, or medical uses, such as: commercial carpet rug cleaning, dry cleaning, laundry linen supply plants, contractors and building maintenance services that perform services off-site,janitorial and building maintenance services, heating and plumbing contractors, construction companies, or electrical contractors, industrial and commercial printing facilities, research, development or scientific laboratories, recycling facilities, and laundry, dry-cleaning, and carpet cleaning plants. Infiltration: The infiltration of floodwater into the ground which may be taken into account in reducing flood discharges. Ink manufacture: A facility manufacturing printing ink and inking supplies. See "Industrial, heavy use category." Jewelry, clock, musical instrument, assembly, sales/service: Retail sale, assembly, service and repair of clocks, musical instruments, and jewelry. See "General sales/service." Kennel: An establishment or place, other than an animal or veterinary hospital, clinic or animal shelter, where six or more dogs or six or more cats, or any combination thereof, are housed, groomed, bred, boarded, trained, or sold commercially or as pets. See "Agricultural and animals, use category." Key: A designated, compacted fill placed in a trench excavated in earth material beneath the toe of a proposed fill slope. Laboratories, medical and diagnostic: A facility where samples are collected and/or tests are done to obtain information about the health of a patient to diagnose, treat, or prevent a disease. See "Medical, use category." Laboratories, scientific (Bio Safety Level 2, OSHA Standards): A facility in which work is done with the broad spectrum of indigenous moderate-risk agents present in the community and associated with human disease of varying severity. See "Industrial service, use category." Laboratories, scientific (Bio Safety Level 3, OSHA Standards): A facility in which work is done with indigenous or exotic agents where the potential for infection by aerosols is real and the disease may have serious or lethal consequences. See "Industrial service, use category." Laboratories, scientific (Bio Safety Level 4, OSHA Standards): A facility in which work is done with dangerous and exotic agents which pose a high individual risk of life-threatening disease. See "Industrial service, use category." Land use designation: A land use established pursuant to the Comprehensive Plan. Landfill: A licensed facility for the sanitary disposal of solid waste. Landscape materials sales lot: The retail sale of organic and inorganic materials including, but not limited to, soil and soil amendment, bark, sod, gravel, pea gravel, hardscape products, crushed rock, river 23 rock, and landscape boulders primarily used for landscaping and site preparation purposes. The exclusive sale of horticultural or floricultural stock that is permitted in a commercial greenhouse or nursery-wholesale shall not be considered landscape materials. See "Retail sales and services, use category." Laundromat: A self-service facility providing machines for washing and drying of clothes and personal items. See"Personal services." Library: An establishment for the sole purpose of loaning and circulating books or providing a reading room and reference service to the public whether conducted by a public or private agency or whether the service is with or without direct cost to the user. See "Community facilities." Liquor store: A retail establishment that sells prepackaged alcoholic beverages intended to be consumed off premises. See "Specialty stores." Livestock: Animals including, but not limited to, horses, cattle, llamas, sheep, goats, swine, reindeer, donkeys, and mules. Loading zone: An off-street space or designated area or loading dock located on the same lot or site as the buildings or use served, which provides for the temporary parking of a commercial vehicle while loading or unloading merchandise, materials, or passengers. Locksmith: The sale, service, and repair of locks and other security devices. See "Personal services." Lodging, use category: Establishments that provide a person, typically a traveler, a place to stay for a short period of time. Examples include bed and breakfasts, hotels, and motels. Transitional housing and mass shelters are included in the "Community services, use category." Lot: An undivided tract or parcel of land having frontage on a public street and designated as a distinct tract. • Lot aggregation: The consolidation of one or more lots into a single parcel through the elimination of lot lines. • Lot area: The area of a horizontal plane intercepted by the vertical projections of the front, side, and rear lot lines of a building lot. • Lot, corner: A building lot situated at the intersection of two public streets. • Lot coverage: The percentage of the total area of a lot occupied by the base (first story or floor)of buildings located on the lot. • Lot depth: The mean horizontal distance between the front lot line and the rear lot line of a building lot measured at the respective midpoints of the front lot line and rear lot line within the lot boundary. • Lot, double frontage: An interior lot with frontage on more than one street. • Lot, flag: A lot of irregular shape with reduced frontage on a public or private street with dimensions which are otherwise adequate at the building line. • Lot, interior: A lot within a subdivision that is not located at the intersection of any adjacent public or private street. • Lot line: A boundary of a building lot. 24 • Lot line, front: The boundary of a building lot that is the line of an existing or dedicated street. Upon corner lots either street line may be selected as the front lot line providing a front and rear yard are provided adjacent and opposite, respectively, to the front lot line. • Lot line, rear: A boundary of a lot which is most distant from and is, or is most nearly, parallel to the front lot line. • Lot line, side: A boundary of a lot which is not a front lot line or a rear lot line. • Lot of record: An area of land designated as a residential lot on the plat or subdivision recorded or registered, pursuant to statute, with the auditor for Spokane County. • Lot, radial: Lots adjacent to curved streets or circular cul-de-sacs with side lot lines running roughly perpendicular to the street right-of-way. • Lot, reverse flag: A lot of irregular shape with reduced access to a rear alley, amenity, or natural feature. • Lot segregation: The re-establishment of lot lines within parcels aggregated for tax purposes. • Lot width: The width of a lot at the front building line. Measurements on irregularly shaped lots to be taken in a straight line from a point where the front building line crosses the side property lines. Lowest floor: The lowest floor of the lowest enclosed area (including basement). An unfinished or flood- resistant enclosure, usable solely for parking of vehicles, building access, or storage, in an area other than a basement area, is not considered a building's lowest floor; provided, that such enclosure is equipped with adequate flood-ventilation openings specified in SVMC 21.30.090(C)(1)(b). Lumber mill, sawmill, shingle mill, plywood mill: The manufacture of wood products, including cutting, planing, preservation, and veneering, match manufacture and millwork. See "Industrial, heavy use category." Machine/machinery manufacturing: The fabrication of machines and machinery. See "Industrial, heavy use category." Machine shop: See "Metal fabrication." See "Industrial, light use category." Major event entertainment: Uses that draw large numbers of people to special events or shows on a periodic basis. Activities are generally of a spectator nature. Examples include stadiums, sports arenas, coliseums, and fairgrounds. See "Entertainment, use category." Manufactured home fabrication: The construction and assembly of manufactured housing units. See "Industrial, heavy use category." Manufactured home sales: A sales lot for manufactured housing units with display models. See "Retail sales and services, use category." Manufactured (mobile) home: A pre-assembled dwelling unit transportable in one or more sections, which is built on a permanent chassis and is designed for use with or without a permanent foundation when attached to the required utilities certified by the Washington State Department of Labor and Industries. The term "manufactured home"does not include a "recreational vehicle." Manufactured (mobile) home park: A site having as its primary use the rental of space for occupancy by two or more manufactured (mobile) homes, and the accessory buildings, structures, and uses customarily incidental to such homes. See "Residential, use category." 25 Manufacturing: The production or fabrication of goods using labor, tools, or machinery. For examples see the "Industrial, heavy use category" and "Industrial, light use category." Manufacturing, nonmetallic metal products: The manufacture of clay, earthenware, brick, vitreous, cement, and concrete, including readi-mix, concrete block, lime, gypsum, stone, and stone product. See "Industrial, heavy use category." Manufacturing, petroleum and coal products: The manufacture of asphalt paving, roofing and coating, and petroleum refining. See "Industrial, heavy use category." Marijuana uses, category: Marijuana uses conducted in compliance with state law, including but not limited to chapter 69.50 RCW and chapter 69.51A RCW, as now adopted or hereafter amended. Marijuana club or lounge: A club, association, or other business, for profit or otherwise, that conducts or maintains a premises for the primary or incidental purpose of providing a location where members or other persons may keep or consume marijuana on the premises, whether licensed by the Washington State Liquor and Cannabis Board or not, or such other similar use pursuant to RCW 69.50.465, as now adopted or hereafter amended. Marijuana cooperative: A marijuana cooperative formed pursuant to chapter 69.51A RCW, as now adopted or hereafter amended. A marijuana cooperative is comprised of up to four qualifying patients or designated providers and formed for the purposes of sharing responsibility for acquiring and supplying the resources, and producing and processing marijuana for the medical use of the members of the marijuana cooperative. Marijuana processing: Processing marijuana into usable marijuana, marijuana-infused products, and marijuana concentrates; packaging and labeling usable marijuana, marijuana-infused products, and marijuana concentrates for sale in retail outlets; and sale of usable marijuana, marijuana-infused products, and marijuana concentrates at wholesale by a marijuana processor licensed by the State Liquor Control and Cannabis Board and pursuant to chapter 69.50 RCW, as now adopted or hereafter amended. Marijuana production: Production and sale of marijuana at wholesale by a marijuana producer licensed by the State Liquor Control and Cannabis Board and pursuant to chapter 69.50 RCW, as now adopted or hereafter amended. Marijuana sales: Selling usable marijuana, marijuana-infused products, and marijuana concentrates in a retail outlet by a marijuana retailer licensed by the State Liquor Control and Cannabis Board, along with any applicable other use allowed as part of the marijuana sales pursuant to an endorsement associated with marijuana retail including, but not limited to, marijuana sales with a medical endorsement, operation of a marijuana club or lounge pursuant to an endorsement, or delivery of marijuana that may require an endorsement, all as provided pursuant to chapter 69.50 RCW, as now adopted or hereafter amended. Marijuana sales with medical endorsement: Marijuana sales and medical marijuana sales by a marijuana retailer licensed by the Washington State Liquor and Cannabis Board that has been issued a medical marijuana endorsement pursuant to chapter 69.50 RCW, as now adopted or hereafter amended. Market, outdoor: A temporary or seasonal location where produce and agricultural products including, but not limited to, pumpkins, Christmas trees and firewood, as well as crafts and other items, are offered for sale to the public. See "Retail sales and services, use category." Massage therapy: An establishment providing the therapeutic massage services of a licensed massage therapist. See "Personal services." Meat/fish cutting, canning, curing, and smoking: The processing and packaging of meat and fish for wholesale distribution; does not include the slaughter of animals. See "Industrial, light use category." 26 Meat packing: The slaughter of live animals and the inspection and processing of animal carcasses. See "Animal processing/handling." Medical and laboratory instrument/apparatus manufacture: The manufacture of medical and dental equipment, supplies, and instruments. See "Industrial, light use category." Medical, dental, and hospital equipment supplies and sales: The sale of medical/dental equipment and supplies including, but not limited to, uniforms, prosthetics, pharmacy, optics, and corrective appliances. See "Medical, use category." Medical/dental clinic: A facility where medical or dental professionals or paraprofessionals, including physicians, dentists, endodontists, chiropractors, physical therapists, dental hygienists, physician assistants, or osteopaths provide outpatient services on a regular basis. See "Medical, use category." Medical, use category: Includes uses that pertain to the science or practice of medicine, such as hospitals and medical and dental clinics. It also includes incidental uses such as ambulance services, medical and diagnostic laboratories, and medical supplies. See "Retail sales and services, use category" for pharmacies. Metal fabrication: The fabrication of metal products including chain and cable manufacture, sheet metal fabrication, machining, welding, and punching. See "Industrial, light use category." Metal plating: The electroplating, galvanizing, and dip plating of various kinds of metal. See "Industrial, heavy use category." Metal processes, hot: Metal processes including blast furnace, coke oven, die casting, drop hammer or forge, metal reduction, reclamation, and refining. See "Industrial, heavy use category." Mineral product manufacturing, nonmetallic: The manufacture of brick, cement, gypsum, lime, plaster of paris, tile, stoneware, earthenware, and terra cotta. See "Industrial, heavy use category." Mineral resource lands: Lands primarily devoted to the extraction of minerals with potential for long- term commercial significance (WAC 365-190-030(13)). Mining: Mineral extraction, not including oil and gas. See "Industrial, heavy use category." Mobile food vendors: Itinerant vendors of prepared foods and beverages. See "Eating and drinking establishment, use category." Model home: The temporary use of one or more single-family residential units for the marketing and promotion of residential subdivisions. Multiple building complex: A group of structures, or a single structure, with dividing walls and separate entrances for each business, housing retail businesses, offices, commercial ventures, or independent or separate parts of a business which share the same lot, access, and/or parking facilities. Museum: A premises housing the display of antiquities or artifacts of historical or artistic significance. See "Cultural facilities." Music store: The specialty retail sale of recorded music, musical instruments, sheet music, and similar items. See "Specialty stores." MUTCD: The U.S. Department of Transportation Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices. NAICS: North American Industry Classification System. 27 Neighborhood: A geographic area or subarea bounded by distinct physical boundaries, such as major or minor arterials, geologic formations, broad open spaces, and similar features, centered around common interests or facilities. New construction: Structures for which the "start of construction" commenced on or after the effective date of the ordinance codified in this appendix. New manufactured home park or subdivision: A manufactured home park or subdivision for which the construction of facilities for servicing the lots on which the manufactured homes are to be affixed (including, at a minimum, installation of utilities, construction of streets, and either final site grading or pouring of concrete pads) is completed on or after the effective date of adopted floodplain management regulations. Nonconforming: A lot, use, building, or structure, which was legal when commenced or built, but which does not conform to subsequently enacted or amended regulations pursuant to chapter 19.25 SVMC. Nursing home: See "Convalescent home/nursing home." See "Group living, use category." Occupancy: The type of construction required based on the use of the structure as established by adopted building codes. Office, professional: A business office maintained as a primary use including, but not limited to, insurance, sales that do not include a tangible commodity, consulting services (accounting, legal, financial, engineering, architectural, real estate), studios, data entry, computer related, or other professional office. Contractors and others who perform services off site are included if the equipment, materials, and vehicles used in conjunction with the business are not stored on the site and fabrication, services or similar work is not carried on at the site. Professional office does not include animal, medical, or dental clinics. See "Office, use category." Office supply and computer sales: The retail sale of office supplies and office equipment, including computers, copiers, and communication equipment. See "Retail sales and services, use category." Office, use category: Uses conducted in an office setting and that generally provide business, government, professional, veterinary, or financial services. Off-road recreational vehicle use: The operation of any gas-powered motorized vehicle including, but not limited to, motorcycles and/or all-terrain vehicles, on private property for recreational purposes. This definition does not include vehicles used for yard or garden work in residential areas. See "Entertainment, use category." Off-street parking: Parking that is provided on private property for a specified use. Open space: An area accessible to and permanently reserved for the common use and enjoyment of the occupants of residential uses for landscaping, leisure, and recreational purposes. Open space does not include area devoted to parking, accessory uses, landscaping required pursuant to the Code, drainage easements, border easements, or building separation required under adopted building codes. Orchard, tree farming, commercial: A planting of trees producing fruit and/or nuts and the cultivation of trees for the purpose of sale. See "Agricultural and animals, use category." Overlay zone: A zoning designation that supplements the provisions of the underlying zone within a specified geographic area. Owner(s): Any person, partnership, corporation, association, unincorporated organization, trust, or any other legal commercial entity having sufficient proprietary interest to authorize development of land. 28 Owner's agent: Any person authorized to act on behalf of the owner of real property. Paper product manufacturing: The manufacture of paper products. See "Industrial, heavy use category." Paper/pulp mills: Manufacturing plants producing paper and paper pulp from timber. See "Industrial, heavy use category." Park-and-ride facility: A parking area or structure used for the temporary storage of motor vehicles for individuals using public transit or car/van pools. See "Transit center." Parking area, satellite: A parking area more than 300 feet away from the establishment, building, structure, or use which it is designed to serve. Parking facility: A parking area, building, or structure used for the specific purpose of parking or storage of motor vehicles. Parking facility, controlled access: A parking garage or surface lot controlling patron access using attendants or ticket dispensers. See "Transportation, use category." Parks and open space, use category: Land uses designated or developed for recreational use by the public including, but not limited to, indoor facilities such as museums, swimming pools, and skating rinks; and outdoor facilities such as athletic fields, community gardens, playgrounds, fishing areas, and areas and trails for hikers, equestrians, bicyclists, or off-road recreational vehicle users. Accessory uses include concessions, maintenance facilities, caretakers' dwellings, and parking facilities. Examples include trails, botanical gardens, nature preserves, golf courses, cemeteries, plazas, and parks. Party of record: A person who has provided verbal or written testimony in or regarding a public hearing on a land use action. Paved surface: A paved surface shall consist of asphalt, Portland cement, concrete, or equivalent material laid to City specifications. Pawn shop: An establishment where money is loaned on the security of personal property pledged in the keeping of the owner or proprietor. Also includes the retail sales of used items. See "Retail sales and services, use category." Performance surety: A financial guarantee that infrastructure required for a project will be constructed and certified according to the accepted plans and specifications and all applicable standards. Permanent supportive housing: A residential development with more than one small residential dwelling, together with shared facilities. Permitted use: An allowable activity or use within a zoning district. Person: A corporation, company, association, society, firm, partnership, or joint stock company, as well as an individual, state, and all political subdivisions of a state or any agency or instrumentality thereof. Person of record: A person who has provided verbal or written testimony to a proposal/project before or during the public testimony portion of a hearing, or filled out and submitted a party of record notice prior to the close of the public hearing. Person or party having standing: Any party of record. 29 Personal services: Services including, but not limited to, nail salons, tanning salons, day spas, locksmith services, apparel and tailor shops, massage parlors, tattoo parlors, permanent makeup salons, massage therapy, dry cleaning, laundromat, and photographic studios. See "Retail services, use category." Pet shop: The specialty retail sale of household pets and pet supplies and equipment. See "Specialty stores." Petroleum and coal products manufacture: The manufacture of petroleum and coal products including lubricating oil and oil compounding. See "Industrial, heavy use category." Photographic studio: A retail establishment that provides portrait and other photographic services. See "Personal services." Pipeline: Gravity or pressurized pipelines for the long-distance transmission of water, petroleum products, natural gas, and other commodities such as ores in the form of slurries. Planned residential development(PRD): A residential development project meeting the requirements of chapter 19.50 SVMC characterized by flexibility in the regulations of a residential zoning district. Planning Commission: The Spokane Valley Planning Commission. Plastic and rubber product manufacture: A chemical manufacturing process utilizing resin and synthetic compounds for plastics and rubber. See "Industrial, heavy use category." Plastic molding (thermoplastic): A process of converting pelletized plastic into molds using heat, without the use of solvents or volatile organic compounds (VOC). Thermoplastic resins can be melted, formed, and resolidified. Thermoplastic processes include injection molding, blow molding, injection blow molding, rotational molding, roto-molding, and extrusion molding. Does not include solvent molding. See "Industrial, light use category." Plastic molding (thermoset): An injection molding process which uses heat, industrial processes, and solvents to create plastic forms which cannot be reformed. Thermoset processes include bag molding, cold molding,jet molding, pulp molding, transfer molding, and compression molding. See "Industrial, heavy use category." Plastic solvent molding: Also known as dip molding, forms thermoplastic articles by dipping a male mold and drawing off the solvent to leave a plastic film adhering to the mold. See "Industrial, heavy use category." Pollution generating impervious surface (PGIS): Surfaces that are subject to vehicular use, industrial activities, or storage of erodible or leachable materials that receive direct rainfall, or run-on or blow-in rainfall. Metal roofs are PGIS unless coated with an inert, nonleachable material. Roofs that are subject to venting of commercial or industrial pollutants are also considered PGIS. A surface, whether paved or not, shall be considered PGIS if it is regularly used by motor vehicles. The following are considered regularly used surfaces: roads, graveled and/or paved road shoulders, bike lanes within the traveled lane of a roadway, driveways, parking lots, unfenced fire lanes, vehicular storage yards, and airport runways. Post office, postal center: A facility owned or operated under contract with the U.S. Postal Service for the delivery of mail and packages. See "Retail services, use category." Power plant: A heavy industrial facility that generates electric power. It excludes public utility facilities. See "Industrial, heavy use category." Precision instrument runway: An existing or planned runway with instrument approach utilizing an instrument landing system (ILS)or precision approach radar(PAR)as prescribed by the FAA. 30 Print shop: Retail print services, including blueprinting, copier, and other business support services. See "Retail services, use category." Printing, reprographics and bookbinding: Commercial printing including engraving, manifold form printing, and book binding. See "Retail services, use category." Processing: To convert raw or semi-raw materials into a marketable form through a series of mechanical or chemical operations. For examples see "Industrial, heavy use category" and "Industrial, light use category." Professional civil engineering geologist: A geologist experienced and knowledgeable in engineering geology and licensed by the State of Washington to practice. Professional engineer: A civil engineer licensed in Washington under chapter 18.43 RCW who is qualified by examination and/or experience to practice in the fields of civil, geotechnical, and/or soils engineering. Professional inspection: The observation and testing to determine conformance with project plans and specifications required by the Code performed by a professional civil engineer and/or professional civil engineering geologist. Such inspection includes that performed by persons supervised by such engineers or geologists and shall be sufficient to form an opinion relating to the conduct of the work. Prohibited use: A use not specifically enumerated as a permitted use, accessory use, conditional use, temporary use, or legal nonconforming use. Project permit: Any land use or environmental permit or license required for development or construction including, but not limited to, building permits, short plats, subdivisions, binding site plans, planned unit developments, conditional uses, variances, shoreline permits, site plan review, permits, or approvals required by chapter 21.40 SVMC, Critical Areas, site-specific zone reclassifications, manufactured home parks, and change of condition request. Proper functioning condition (PFC): A methodology for assessing the physical functioning of riparian and wetland areas, which describes both the assessment process and a defined on-the-ground condition of a riparian or wetland area. Public/quasi-public, use category: Uses related to, paid for by, or working for a government or which are essentially public (as in services rendered)although may be under private ownership or control. Examples include community facilities, essential public facilities, and public utility facilities. Public utility: A regulated public or private enterprise with an exclusive franchise for providing a public service paid for directly by the recipient of that service. Public utility local distribution facility: Any building, structure, or device which transfers directly to the public the service or supply provided by a public utility, including telephone, electric, gas, cable television, water and sewer, and all other facilities, equipment, and structures necessary for conducting a local distribution service by a government or public utility. See "Public/quasi-public, use category." Public utility transmission facility: Any building, structure, or device which does not directly transfer to the public the service or supply provided by a public utility, including telephone, electric (greater than 55 KV), gas, cable television, water and sewer, and all other facilities, equipment, and structures, including substations, switching stations, and reservoirs. See "Public/quasi-public, use category." Qualified professional: A person who, in the opinion of the Director, has appropriate education, training, and experience in the applicable field to generate a report or study required by chapter 21.40 SVMC. 31 1. For reports related to wetlands, this means a certified professional wetland scientist or a non-certified professional wetland scientist with a minimum of five years' experience in the field of wetland science and with experience preparing wetland reports. 2. For reports related to critical aquifer recharge areas, this means a hydrogeologist, geologist, or engineer who is licensed in the state of Washington and has experience preparing hydrogeologic assessments. 3. For reports related to fish and wildlife habitat conservation areas this means a biologist with experience preparing reports for the relevant type of habitat. 4. For reports related to geologically hazardous areas this means a geotechnical engineer or geologist, licensed in the state of Washington, with experience analyzing geologic, hydrologic, and ground water flow systems. 5. For reports related to frequently flooded areas this means a hydrologist or engineer, licensed in the state of Washington with experience in preparing flood hazard assessments. 6. For reports related to cultural and archaeological resources and historic preservation, this means a professional archaeologist or historic preservation professional. Racecourse: An outdoor track or course laid out for competition, testing, practice, or use by motorized vehicles including, but not limited to, automobiles, go-carts, all-terrain vehicles, mopeds, scooters, snowmobiles, motorcycles, remote-controlled cars, and airplanes. See "Entertainment, use category." Racetrack: A state-licensed facility permitting competitive racing of vehicles, horses, and dogs. See "Entertainment, use category." Radio/TV broadcasting studio: Facilities serving the broadcast media. See "Communication facilities, use category." Railroad yard, repair shop,and roundhouse: Facilities serving railroad operations. See "Transportation, use category." Rapid charging station: An industrial grade electrical outlet that allows for faster recharging of electric vehicle batteries through higher power levels and that meets or exceeds any standards, codes, and regulations set forth by chapter 19.28 RCW and consistent with rules adopted under RCW 19.27.540. Record: The official file, exhibits, maps, and slides including the tape recorded proceedings or transcription thereof. Record of survey: A survey prepared and sealed by a registered Washington surveyor identifying the boundaries of land and real property, and the location or placement of other improvements. Recreational facility: An indoor or outdoor facility used on a continuous basis for sports, games of skills, and leisure-time activities. Examples include gymnasiums, amusement arcades, tennis and racquetball courts, bowling alleys, video arcades, dance halls, skating rinks, billiard parlors, archery, miniature golf course, indoor gun ranges, and indoor swimming pools. This definition excludes indoor theaters, golf driving ranges, gymnastic facilities, indoor sports arenas, auditoriums, and exhibition halls. See "Entertainment, use category." Recreational vehicle (RV): A type of vehicle built on a single chassis designed as temporary living quarters for recreational, camping, or travel use, with or without motor power including, but not limited to, travel trailers, truck campers, camping trailers, and self-propelled motor homes. 32 Recreational vehicle park/campground: An area where facilities are provided for recreational or camping vehicles, travel trailers, tents, or other portable habitation utilized by the public as a place for camping, vacationing, or temporary usage which are in place for not more than 30 days. The park may include certain recreational or service facilities for the use of the residents of the park. See "Lodging, use category." Recreational vehicle sales and service: An area for the display, sales, and service of recreational vehicles. See "Vehicle services, use category." Recycling facility: A facility that accepts recyclable materials and may perform some processing activities. The principal function is to separate and store materials that are ready for shipment to end-use markets such as paper mills, aluminum smelters, or plastic manufacturing plants. Processing activities may include baling, compacting, flattening, grinding, crushing, mechanical sorting, or cleaning. See "Industrial service, use category." Rendering plant: A facility that converts waste animal tissue into stable, value-added materials. Rendering can refer to any processing of animal products into more useful materials, or more narrowly to the rendering of whole animal fatty tissue into purified fats like lard or tallow. See "Animal processing/handling." Repeater facility: A facility for the noncommercial reception and retransmission of radio signals. See "Communication facilities, use category." Residential, use category: Uses for residential purpose. Restaurant, drive-in: An establishment designed and constructed to serve food and beverages for consumption on the premises, in an automobile or for carry-out for off-premises consumption and which establishment may or may not have on-premises dining room or counter. See "Eating and drinking establishment, use category." Restaurant, drive-through: An establishment serving food to the general public with designated dining areas and allowing carry-out window(s)serving automobiles for the purpose of serving food to go where food consumption is not allowed in automobiles on the premises. See "Eating and drinking establishment, use category." Restaurant, full service: An establishment serving food and beverages to the general public in specific designated dining areas. See "Eating and drinking establishment, use category." Retail sales and services, use category: This is a general household sales and service use that provides goods and services to households rather than businesses. This use includes general retail sales uses, personal services, and customer service office uses. Examples of general retail sales and service include, but are not limited to, bakeries, department and variety stores, barber shops, nail salons, convenience stores, grocery and specialty food stores, automotive parts stores, and equipment rentals. Retaining wall: Any wall not an integral part of a building, used to resist the lateral displacement of earth material. Riding stable: A commercial enterprise renting horses and providing equestrian instruction. See "Agricultural and animals, use category." Right-of-way: The land area provided by dedication for public use for streets, utilities, walks, and other uses, also providing access to adjoining properties. Riparian management zone (RMZ): A fish and wildlife conservation buffer established pursuant to chapter 21.40 SVMC. 33 Roadway: The paved or improved portion of a street/road, designed or ordinarily used for vehicular travel including shoulders, auxiliary lanes, curbs, sidewalks, etc. Rolling mill: Primary metal manufacturing including the rolling and drawing of purchased metals. See "Industrial, heavy use category." Roof: A structural covering over any portion of a building or structure, including the projections beyond the walls or supports of the building or structure. Runway: Any existing or planned paved surface or turf-covered area of an airport which is specifically designed and used, or planned to be used, for the landing and/or taking off of aircraft. Schools (K through 12): Public and private institutions of learning offering instruction from kindergarten to grade 12 required by the Education Code of the state of Washington. See "Education, use category." Schools, college or university: A public or private institution of higher learning, which offers courses of general or specialized study leading to a degree. They are certified by the State Board of Higher Education or by a recognized accrediting agency. Examples include universities, liberal art colleges, community colleges, nursing and medical schools not accessory to a hospital. See "Education, use category." Schools, professional,vocational, and trade schools: Post-secondary schools at which students are trained in a trade or skill to be pursued as a career. These schools focus on job skill training rather than academics in the liberal arts. Training periods are typically shorter than in a traditional college or university. Examples include institutions providing training to drafters, carpenters, electricians, HVAC technicians, aviation mechanics, plumbers, pipefitters, and welders. See "Education, use category." Schools, specialized training/studios: A facility providing specialized classes to persons of all ages including, but not limited to, gymnastics, fitness, martial arts, and dance. See "Education, use category." Secondhand store/consignment sales: The sale and resale of used merchandise including thrift shops and consignment shops. See "Retail sales and services, use category." Secure residential treatment facility: See "Essential public facility." SEPA: The Washington State Environmental Policy Act of 1971, administrative codes developed pursuant thereto, or any amendments thereto. Shared access: A common point of vehicle and pedestrian access from a right-of-way, or a vehicular access easement or tract for more than one lot or use. Shorelands or shoreland areas: Those lands extending landward for 200 feet in all directions as measured on a horizontal plane from the ordinary high-water mark; floodways and contiguous floodplain areas landward 200 feet from such floodways; and all wetlands and river deltas associated with the streams and lakes (RCW 98.58.030(2)(d)). Shoreline master program (SMP): Locally-adopted plans and regulations governing uses and activities within the shorelines of the state and shorelines of statewide significance identified in the Spokane Valley Comprehensive Plan. Shoreline of statewide significance: A natural river or segment thereof east of the crest of the Cascade Range downstream of a point where the mean annual flow is measured at 200 cubic feet per second or more, and lakes or impoundments of 1,000 or more acres (RCW 98.58.030(2)(f)). 34 Shoreline of the state: All of the water areas of the state, including reservoirs, and their associated shorelands, together with the lands underlying them, except: 1. Shorelines of statewide significance; 2. Shorelines on segments of streams upstream of a point where the mean annual flow is 20 cubic feet per second or less, and the wetlands associated with such upstream segments; and 3. Shorelines on lakes less than 20 acres in size and wetlands associated with such small lakes (RCW 98.58.030(2)(e)). Shorelines of statewide significance are shorelines of the state. Showroom: Space for buyers to view merchandise for sale in their retail stores or to showcase high value specialty items such as cabinetry, pianos, and luxury vehicles. See "Retail sales and services, use category." Sign: A visual communication device, structure, or fixture which is visible from any right-of-way and is intended to aid in promoting the sale of products, goods, services, events, or to identify a building using graphics, letters, figures, symbols, trademarks, or written copies. Sign types include: •Abandoned structure: A sign support structure upon which a sign is located when the advertised business is no longer conducted on the premises. • Banner: A temporary sign of lightweight material mounted to a pole or building. • Mural: A work of art applied directly to an exterior surface where forms and/or figures are the dominant elements and not containing any copy. • Name plate: A sign showing only the name and address of the owner or occupant of the premises. • Reader board: A sign face consisting of tracks to hold readily changeable letters allowing frequent changes of copy. •Sign: Any board, poster, placard, banner, flag, pennant, streamer, or similar structure, electronic or otherwise which is constructed, placed, attached, painted, or fastened in any manner for the purpose of attracting attention of the public to any place, person, entity, or business. •Sign, abandoned: A copy sign that advertises a product or service no longer available or a business no longer in operation; a sign which is illegible, in disrepair, or a safety hazard as a result of lack of maintenance; or a nonconforming sign that has lost its nonconforming rights. • Sign area: The gross surface area of the sign. • Sign, billboard: A structure for the purpose of leasing advertising space to promote an interest other than that of an individual, business, product, or service available on the premises on which the structure is located. •Sign, copy: Letters, characters, illustrations, logos, graphics, symbols, writing, or any combination thereof designed to communicate information of any kind or to advertise, announce, or identify a person, entity, business, business product, or to advertise the sale, rental, or lease of premises. •Sign, copy area: The area of the sign containing any copy, symbol, sign, logo, or graphic. 35 •Sign, decorative emblem (or standard): A one-or two-sided sign, with or without copy, that is securely attached by grommets to the top and bottom of a mounting bracket attached to a permanently installed lighting fixture. •Sign, directional: Any sign relating solely to internal pedestrian and vehicular traffic circulation within a complex or project. •Sign, electronic: A sign that can be changed by electrical, electronic, or computerized process; inclusive of video boards. •Sign, flashing: An electrical sign or portion thereof which changes light intensity in a brief, brilliant, or sudden and transient outburst of light causing a steady on and off, glittering, sparkling, or oscillating pattern. •Sign, freestanding: A permanent sign not attached to or forming part of a building. •Sign, freeway: A permanent, freestanding on-premises sign or billboard located on a parcel adjacent and contiguous to Interstate Highway 90. •Sign, inflatable: Any temporary hollow item or character expanded or enlarged by the use of air or gas. •Sign, menu board: An on-site display of menu items at a restaurant; not meant to be viewed from the street. •Sign, monument: A sign and supporting structure constructed as a solid structure or one that gives the appearance of a continuous, non-hollow, unbroken mass. •Sign, multi-business complex: A sign with a primary facility name and a list of the individual stores or businesses mounted on one structural element. Such a sign type includes signage describing a mall arrangement, a strip-center development, an industrial park complex, or a multi- business structure or complex of buildings with a unifying name and listing of businesses contained within the grouping. •Sign, nonconforming: Any sign which was lawfully erected and maintained on private property which now, as a result of Code amendments, does not conform to all applicable regulations and restrictions of the Code. •Sign, notice: A sign intended to safeguard the premises (e.g., "No Parking," "No Trespassing," "Watch Dog on Duty"); or which identifies emergency telephone number, hours, and security information. •Sign, official: A sign erected by a governmental agency within its territorial jurisdiction for the purpose of carrying out an official duty or responsibility and including, but not limited to, traffic signs and signals, zoning signs, and street signs. Special lighting or banners celebrating seasonal or civic events sponsored and/or endorsed by the City Council may be official signs. •Sign, off-premises: A sign which advertises or directs attention to a business, person, organization, activity, event, place, service, or product not principally located or primarily manufactured or sold on the premises on which the sign is located. •Sign, on-premises: A sign which advertises or directs attention to a business, person, organization, activity, event, place, service, or product which is manufactured and/or available on the premises where the sign is located. 36 •Sign, permanent: Signs permanently affixed to a pole, monument, or building. Including decorative emblems (or standards) affixed by rope, cords, wires, or mechanical devices. •Sign, pole: A permanent, freestanding sign supported wholly by a pole or poles permanently affixed to the ground and not attached to a building or structure. •Sign, POP—point of purchase: A sign relating to the place, such as a supermarket aisle or soda machine, where a decision to purchase is made. •Sign, portable: A sign not permanently attached or affixed to the ground or other permanent structure, or a sign designed to be transported or moved from place to place including, but not limited to, signs designed to be transported by means of skids or wheels, and including reader boards, and A-frame signs. •Sign, roof: A sign supported by and erected on or above a roof that does not meet the requirements of a wall sign. •Sign, support structure(s): Posts or columns and the anchors and bolts that structurally support the sign attached to it. •Sign, temporary: Banners, pennants, flags, streamers, searchlights, inflatables, special event signage, or temporary on-premises commercial signs posted in conjunction with the alteration, construction, sale, or lease of real property. •Sign, three-sided: A sign with three faces. •Sign, two-sided: A sign with two faces. •Sign, wall (attached): A permanent sign attached or erected parallel to and extending not more than 15 inches from the facade or face of any building to which it is attached and supported throughout its entire length, with the exposed face of the sign parallel to the plane of said wall or facade. Signs incorporated into mansard roofs, marquees, or canopies are wall signs. •Wall area: The two-dimensional representation of a building elevation, including windows and doors, excluding eaves. Sign manufacturing/repair: The manufacture of commercial signs and sign support structures. See "Industrial, light use category." Sign painting shop: The painting, etching, or printing of sign copy. See "Industrial, light use category." Site: Any lot or parcel of land or contiguous combination thereof, under a single ownership or control, proposed for development, where grading is performed or permitted. Site development plan: A plan drawn to scale for one or more lots, parcels, or tracts on which is shown the existing and proposed conditions of the lot, tract, or parcel. Site drainage plan: A plan prepared by a professional engineer licensed in the state of Washington that identifies the stormwater control area, stormwater facilities, and other measures reasonably required by the Director. The plan shall contain analysis and recommendations based upon the City standards. Slope: An inclined ground surface the inclination of which is a ratio of vertical distance to horizontal distance, expressed as a percentage. Soap and cleaning compound manufacturing: The manufacture of soaps, detergents, and cleaning chemicals and solvents. See "Industrial, heavy use category." 37 Soil: A natural aggregate of mineral grains that can be separated by such gentle mechanical means as agitation in water. Solid waste: All biodegradable and non-biodegradable solid and semisolid material including, but not limited to, garbage, refuse, bulky wastes, inert waste, agricultural solid waste, sewage sludge, and demolition and construction wastes. Solid waste recycling/transfer site: A site storing solid waste or recyclable materials, prior to transport to a central disposal or collection location. See "Industrial, heavy use category." Special flood hazard areas (SFHA): The land area covered by the flood waters of the base flood is the SFHA on the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) maps. The SFHA is the area where the NFIP's floodplain management regulations must be enforced and the area where the mandatory purchase of flood insurance applies. Specialty stores: Small establishments that focus on the sale of a particular product and associated items. Examples include pet shops, specialty boutiques, music stores, ceramics shops, and liquor stores. It does not include stores selling specialty food such as a butcher shop, meat market, and specialty foods. See "Retail sales and services, use category." Spoil: Any material removed from an excavation. Standard soils: Soils comprised of the Natural Resources Conservation District groups: Garrison, Springdale, Bonner, and Hagen. Start of construction: Includes substantial improvement, and the date the building permit was issued, provided the actual start of construction, repair, reconstruction, placement, or other improvement was within 180 days of the permit date. The "actual start" means either the first placement of permanent construction of a structure on a site, such as the pouring of slab or footings, the installation of piles, the construction of columns, or any work beyond the stage of excavation; or the placement of a manufactured home on a foundation. Permanent construction does not include land preparation such as clearing, grading, and filling; nor does it include the installation of streets and/or walkways; nor does it include excavation for a basement, footings, piers, or foundations or the erection of temporary forms; nor does it include the installation on the property of accessory buildings, such as garages or sheds not occupied as dwelling units or not part of the main structure. For a substantial improvement, the "actual start of construction" means the first alteration of any wall, ceiling, floor, or other structural part of a building, whether or not that alteration affects the external dimensions of the building. Storage, general indoor: The storage of equipment, merchandise, and supplies within an enclosed structure. The storage area occupies 50 percent or less of the ground floor area of the structure. See "Warehouse"for storage areas that exceed 50 percent of the ground floor area. See "Warehouse, wholesale and freight movement, use category." Storage, general outdoor: The storage of any equipment, machinery, commodities, raw, semi-finished materials, and building materials, which is visible from any point on the building lot line when viewed from ground level to six feet above ground level. The outdoor display of motor vehicles, equipment for sale or lease, manufactured housing, or landscaping and nursery stock available for sale to the public is not general outdoor storage. See "Warehouse, wholesale and freight movement, use category." Storage, self-service facility: A facility including buildings and/or structures containing spaces of varying sizes leased, rented, or sold on an individual basis and used exclusively for the storage of excess property and outdoor storage of vehicles and boats. See "Warehouse, wholesale and freight movement, use category." 38 Stormwater: That portion of precipitation or snow melt that has not naturally percolated into the ground or otherwise evaporated, but is contained, transported or flowing above ground through streets, swales, channels, pipes, artificial or natural surfaces. Stormwater drainage facility: Constructed and natural features which function together as a system to collect, convey, channel, hold, inhibit, retain, detain, infiltrate, evaporate, divert, treat, or filter stormwater. Stormwater facilities include, but are not limited to, pipes, ditches, culverts, street gutters, detention ponds, retention ponds, evaporation ponds, constructed wetlands, infiltration devices, catch basins, oil/water separators, and swales. Stormwater facility: The drainage system including, but not limited to, drywell, channel, inlet, curb drop, swale, ditch, detention, retention, and/or infiltration facility designed to contain and control stormwater. Street, arterial, minor: Roadways identified in the Comprehensive Plan providing for interconnection with and augmentation of the principal arterial system and providing local mobility. Street, arterial, principal: Roadways identified in the Comprehensive Plan providing for regional mobility. Street, collector: Roadways identified in the Comprehensive Plan providing for both land access and traffic circulation within residential neighborhoods and commercial and industrial areas. Street, flanking: One of the two streets abutting a corner lot which is not parallel with the lot front line. Street, local access: A street providing access to abutting property. Structure: Any construction, including a building or any portion thereof, erected for the purposes of support, shelter, or enclosure of persons, animals, or property of any kind, including swimming pools, decks in excess of 30 inches in height, and roof overhangs exceeding three feet. A fence of six feet or less in height is not a structure, nor a masonry, brick, concrete, or cinder block wall of less than four feet in height. Subdivision: The subdivision of land into two or more parts for the purpose of establishing building sites, and including both short subdivisions and long subdivisions. Substantial damage: Damage of any origin sustained by a structure whereby the cost of restoring the structure to its before-damaged condition would equal or exceed 50 percent of the market value of the structure before the damage occurred. Substantial improvement: Any repair, reconstruction, or improvement of a structure, the cost of which equals or exceeds 50 percent of the market value of the structure either: 1. Before the improvement or repair is started; or 2. If the structure has been damaged and is being restored, before the damage occurred. For the purposes of this definition, "substantial improvement" is considered to occur when the first alteration of any wall, ceiling, floor, or other structural part of the building commences, whether or not that alteration affects the external dimensions of the structure. The term does not, however, include either: 1. Any project for improvement of a structure to correct existing violations of state or local health, sanitary, or safety code specifications which have been identified by the local code enforcement official and which are the minimum necessary to assure safe living conditions; or 39 2. Any alteration of a structure listed on the National Register of Historic Places or a state inventory of historic places. Supportive housing: For purposes of chapter 19.40 SVMC, supportive housing refers to a temporary or permanent residential development with more than one small residential dwelling. Swale: A constructed depression for the treatment and disposal of stormwater runoff. The swale shall be designed by an engineer licensed in the state of Washington. Tailor shop: A personal service providing alterations and fittings for apparel. See "Personal services." Tank storage (LPG): The storage of liquefied petroleum gas or its component gases. Tank storage, critical materials: The storage of critical materials identified in Appendix 21-G (SVMC 21.40.060) including, but not limited to, gasoline, kerosene, diesel, lubricating oils, and solvents. See "Warehouse, wholesale and freight movement, use category." Tanning and curing of hides: The preparation of animal hides and skins for the manufacture of leather products. See "Industrial, heavy use category." Tavern/night club: A retail establishment serving alcoholic beverages with incidental food service. Examples are lounges, bars, nightclubs, wineries, micro-breweries, and distilleries. See "Eating and drinking establishment, use category." Taxidermy: The operation of preserving, stuffing, and mounting the skins of dead birds and animals for exhibition. See "Retail services, use category." Telecommunications: The transmission, between or among points specified by the user, of audio and/or visual information and data of the user's choosing, without change in the form or content of the information as sent and received. •Alternative mounting structure: A water tower, manmade tree, clock tower, church steeple, bell tower, utility pole, light standard, freestanding sign, flagpole, or similar structure designed to support and camouflage or conceal the presence of telecommunications antennas. •Antenna: A structure or device used to collect or radiate radio, television, or microwave electromagnetic waves, including directional antennas, such as panels, wireless cable, and satellite dishes, and omni-directional antennas such as whips, but not including satellite earth stations or noncommercial antennas installations for home use of radio or television. •Array: An arrangement of antennas and their supporting structure. • Collocation: A single telecommunications tower and/or site used by more than one telecommunications service provider. • Dish: A parabolic or bowl-shaped device that receives and/or transmits signals in a specific directional pattern. • EIA-222: Electronics Industries Association Standard 222, "Structural Standards for Steel Antenna Towers and Antennas Support Structures." • Electric transmission: A self-supporting structure in excess of 50 feet in height designed to support high voltage electric lines. This does not include local utility or distribution poles (with or without transformers)designed to provide electric service to individual customers. 40 •Guyed,tower: Any telecommunications tower supported in whole or in part by cables anchored to the ground. • Height: The distance measured from grade to the highest point of any and all components of the structure, including antennas, hazard lighting, and other appurtenances, if any. • Monopole: A self-supporting telecommunications tower, which consists of a single vertical pole, fixed into the ground and/or attached to a foundation. • Panel: An antenna which receives and/or transmits signals in a directional pattern. •Self-supporting lattice tower: A telecommunications tower that consists of an open network of metal braces, usually triangular or square in cross-section. •Service: The offering of telecommunications for a fee directly to the public, or to such classes of users as to be effectively available directly to the public, regardless of the facilities used. •Stealth: A telecommunications antenna that is effectively camouflaged or concealed from view. •Telecommunications antenna: An antenna used to provide a telecommunications service. This excludes lightning rods, private mobile radio systems, amateur radio antennas less than 35 feet in height in residential districts and 50 feet in height in nonresidential districts, and whip antennas less than four inches (10 cm) in diameter and less than 10 feet in height. •Tower: A self-supporting or guyed structure more than 20 feet in height, built primarily to support one or more telecommunications antennas. Does not include ham operator or wind turbine support towers. •Whip antenna: An omni-directional dipole antenna of cylindrical shape which is no more than six inches in diameter. •Wireless: Having no wire or wires, operating by means of transmitted electromagnetic waves. Temporary use: A use permitted for a limited period of time or pending the occurrence of an event. Textile manufacture: The manufacture of textiles, carpet, canvas, and cordage, including knitting. See "Industrial, light use category." Theater, indoor: An establishment for the indoor viewing of motion pictures by patrons. See "Entertainment, use category." Threshold requirements: The level of development, volume, or peak flow of stormwater that must be controlled. Tire recap and retread manufacture: The process of refurbishing and retreading used vehicle tires. See "Industrial, heavy use category." Title notice: A document recorded with the county auditor for the purpose of disclosure to a prospective purchaser, lender, or other interested party of important information, special conditions, restrictions, and/or circumstances that affect real property. Tower, ham operator: A structure less than 75 feet in height above grade used for two-way communication for hobby or emergency service purposes by private individuals. See "Communication facilities, use category." 41 Tower,wind turbine support: A structure not enclosed with exterior walls used for the production of energy such as a wind turbine tower(public utility towers used for the distribution or transmission of electricity and wireless communication support towers are not included in this definition). Towing: Facilities that provide towing services. Towed vehicle storage is permitted under impound yard or junk and salvage yards. See "Vehicle services, use category." Transit center: A facility serving transit patrons which may serve as a transfer point between different transportation modes and routes, and providing parking. See "Transportation, use category." Transitional housing: Congregate living facilities for temporarily-displaced individuals and families with an on-site resident manager including, but not limited to, homeless and protective shelters. Detention and post-detention facilities, hospital, psychiatric and/or substance abuse and secure community transition facilities are not transitional housing. See "Community services, use category." Transportation, use category: Facilities that provide public or private transportation services and/or transfer points between modes of transportation. Examples include private airstrips, heliports, park and ride stations, private parking garages, and transit centers. Truck stop: A facility providing parking, fueling, and restaurant services for large trucks, and may include truck washing facilities, sleeping accommodations, and showers for drivers. See "Vehicle services, use category." Underground injection control (UIC)well: A man-made subsurface fluid distribution system designed to discharge fluids into the ground and consists of an assemblage of perforated pipes, drain tiles, or other similar mechanisms, or a dug hole that is deeper than the largest surface dimension (WAC 173-218-030). Subsurface infiltration systems include drywells, pipe or French drains, drain fields, and other similar devices that are used to discharge stormwater directly into the ground. Upholstery shop: A retail service for the upholstery and re-upholstery of furniture. See "Retail services, use category." Variance: An adjustment to the strict application of regulations to a particular piece of real property which, because of special circumstances, is deprived of privileges commonly enjoyed by other properties in the vicinity and similar zone classification. The adjustment remedies the disparity in privileges; provided, that a variance granted shall not authorize a use otherwise prohibited in the zone classification in which the property is located. Vehicle services, use category: Establishments that sell, service, repair, or rent passenger vehicles, boats, recreation vehicles, heavy trucks, and industrial vehicles. It also includes other uses that relate to vehicles such as truck stops, impound yards, and towing establishments. Veterinary hospital or clinic, large animal: An establishment providing veterinary medical services and similar services to livestock, such as horses, cows, donkeys, sheep, pigs, and similar animals, and may include outdoor pens. See "Animal clinic/veterinary." Veterinary hospital or clinic, small animal: An establishment other than a kennel in which veterinary medical services, clipping, bathing, boarding, and similar services are rendered to dogs, cats, and other small animals and domestic pets. See "Animal clinic/veterinary." Warehouse: A structure in which more than 50 percent of the ground floor area is utilized for the storage of products, which is not the office or showroom area of the building. See "Warehouse, wholesale and freight movement, use category." Warehouse,wholesale and freight movement, use category: Wholesale businesses and establishments that store or transport goods for themselves or other firms. 42 Warranty surety: A financial guarantee against defects in the construction of all required infrastructure for a project. Welding: The process of uniting metal parts through heat and/or pressure. Wetland: An area characterized by saturated or nearly saturated soils most of the year that forms an interface between terrestrial (land-based) and aquatic environments. Wetlands include marshes around lakes or ponds and along river or stream channels. Wholesale business: Those businesses which sell, broker, transfer, receive, or otherwise handle volume commodities for fabrication, resale, or internal institutional, commercial, or industrial consumption. Examples include sale of building materials, special trade tools, welding supplies, major wholesale distribution centers, major postal services, machine parts, electrical supplies,janitorial supplies, restaurant equipment and store fixtures, mail order houses, and wholesalers of food, clothing, auto parts, and building hardware. See "Warehouse, wholesale and freight movement, use category." Wood product manufacturing: The manufacture of wood products, such as lumber, plywood, veneers, wood containers, wood flooring, wood trusses, and prefabricated wood buildings. The production processes include sawing, planing, shaping, laminating, and assembling of wood products starting from logs that are cut into bolts, or lumber that then may be further cut, or shaped by lathes or other shaping tools. See "Industrial, heavy use category." Wrecking,junk and salvage yards: Any area, lot, land, parcel, building, structure, or part thereof where waste or discarded or salvaged materials are exchanged, handled, bought, sold, baled, packed, stripped, stored, dumped, or disassembled including, but not limited to, inoperable vehicles, tires, machines or remnants thereof, metals, paper, rags, tires, and/or bottles. See "Industrial, heavy use category." WRIA: Water resources inventory area. Xeriscaping: A planting practice that relies on minimal or no irrigation, eliminating heavily-watered landscaping in favor of those that combine low water requirements with plants adapted to the region. Yard: An open space, other than a court, on a lot, unoccupied and unobstructed from the ground upward. • Front yard: An area extending across the full width of a lot and lying in between the front lot line and building setback line. The front yard is usually the location of the main entrance to the building and/or its orientation to the primary street. • Rear yard: An area extending across the full width of the lot and lying between the lot rear line and that portion of a proposed or existing building or structure closest to the lot rear line, or between the lot rear line and the required rear yard depth in each classification where no building or structure exists or is proposed. • Side yard: That area of a lot that is unoccupied and which is not a front yard, a rear yard, nor a flanking street yard. Zero lot line development: A residential development for single families detached where each dwelling is located in close proximity to an interior side property line, with a minimum side yard maintained between each adjacent residence. Zone, zoning district: A district established for the purpose of promoting orderly and efficient development of land compatible with surrounding areas implementing the Comprehensive Plan. Zoning map: The official zoning map of the City adopted as part of Title 19 SVMC. 43 Chapter 22.130 DEVELOPMENT TRANSPORTATION IMPROVEMENTS Sections: 22.130.010 Purpose 22.130.020 Regulated activities. 22.130.030 Authority to develop and administer standards. 22.130.040 Street standards. 22.130.050 Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices. 22.130.060 Development project and permit review process. 22.130.070 Required improvements. 22.130.080 Future acquisition areas. 22.130.090 Conditional use permit. 22.130.100 Right-of-way permit and use requirements. 22.130.110 Liability. 22.130.040 Street standards. Pursuant to RCW 35A.11.020 and 35A.12.140, the City adopts, by reference, the City street standards, as it may be amended from time to time. The City Clerk shall maintain a copy on file. Street Standards Spokane jUalley Adopted December 2009 CITY OF SPOKANE VALLEY STREET STANDARDS 9.14 PERFORMANCE SURETY 9.14.1 PERFORMANCE SURETY AUTHORIZED Except as otherwise provided in section 9.14, Applicants shall complete all plan improvements prior to approval of the final plat, short plat,binding site plan or any phase thereof, the issuance of any Certificate of Occupancy (commercial, residential, or otherwise), or performance of a final inspection. The City may authorize the use of performance surety solely in conformance with and pursuant to the provisions of section 9.14. 9.14.2 PERFORMANCE SURETY CRITERIA (A) A performance surety in lieu of construction of one or more required plan improvements may only be accepted by the City if: (1) The required construction cannot be completed due to situations out of human control such as adverse weather, inability to acquire construction materials or other unforeseen complications; (2) The Applicant submits a completion schedule and the schedule is approved by the City. Non-landscaping items shall be completed no later than nine months after the effective date of the performance surety or July 31' of the following year, whichever is earlier. Completion of landscaping items shall be completed no later than 18 months after the effective date of the performance surety; (3) Required plan improvements have been made that are sufficiently complete as to allow the needed proper function and operation of the transportation, sewer, water, and stormwater systems, as determined by the City; (4) All-weather driving surfaces approved by the Fire Department are constructed to all locations of flammables before flammables brought on site; and (5) The Applicant has no other outstanding project improvements within the City that have been deemed by the City to be untimely, in bad faith, unsatisfactory, or incomplete and the Applicant has provided an acceptable performance surety covering all such outstanding improvements. (B) All performance sureties shall be in an amount of 125 percent of the estimated construction cost for all outstanding required plan improvements for the project that are covered by the performance surety. Performance sureties shall be a letter of credit or cash savings assignment substantially in the form of the City's draft performance surety. The City shall maintain a current acceptable draft form of performance surety. Performance bonds are not allowed as acceptable performance sureties. The Applicant's Engineer or designer of record shall submit quantities for the complete nature of the work to be performed. The Development Inspector shall Adopted December 2009 9-11 Chapter 9-Inspection&Certification CITY OF SPOKANE VALLEY STREET STANDARDS enter that information into an updated calculation spreadsheet to determine the performance surety amount. Performance surety amounts shall include all construction costs, including erosion and sediment control,critical area mitigations and inspection costs. Note, items such as granting of easements and dedications of right-of-way shall not be covered by a performance surety. 9.14.3 PERFORMANCE SURETY RELEASE The performance surety shall be released when all of the following conditions have been met: (A)A certification package is accepted by the City; (B)The Applicant has paid in full all costs incurred by the City; (C) All monuments have been reset and referenced by a surveyor; and, (D) The Applicant has submitted a warranty surety for improvements in the public right-of-way and border easements as specified in Section 9.15. 9.15 WARRANTY SURETY All projects with improvements in the public right-of-way or border easements shall submit to the City a warranty surety. The warranty surety shall guarantee against material and/or workmanship defects in street construction,utility work within the right-of-way and border easements, and/or drainage facilities as required by the City. 9.15.1 WARRANTY SURETY AMOUNT The Applicant's Engineer shall submit quantities for the complete nature of the work to be performed within or on the right-of-way, border easements, or on the frontage of the City right-of-way. The Development Inspector shall enter that information into an updated calculation spreadsheet reflecting a total valuation of the work to be performed. The Development Inspector shall then calculate 20 percent of that total work to be performed and request a warranty surety for that amount from the Applicant. 9.15.2 ACCEPTABLE SURETIES The warranty surety shall be based on the total warranty amount required for the project as set forth in section 9.15.1. Warranty sureties shall be in the form of a letter of credit, cash savings assignment, or bond substantially in the form of the City's draft warranty surety. The City shall maintain current acceptable draft forms of warranty sureties. 9.15.3 WARRANTY DURATION A warranty surety shall remain in effect for two years from the date the City provisionally accepts the streets. Thirty days prior to the expiration of the warranty, the Applicant shall retain an Engineer to inspect the improvements. Any deficiencies noted shall be repaired prior to the release of the surety. If the inspection is not conducted and the deficiencies are not repaired, the warranty Adopted December 2009 9-12 Chapter 9-Inspection&Certification CITY OF SPOKANE VALLEY STREET STANDARDS surety shall be renewed by the Applicant until this requirement is satisfied. The Development Inspector will conduct a walk-through prior to releasing the warranty surety. 9.15.4 TIME FRAMES TO COMPLETE REPAIR The warranty surety shall be used to correct deficiencies due to materials and/or workmanship. At any time before the end of the warranty period,the City may notify the Applicant of needed repairs. If repairs are considered to be an imminent danger to the public's health, safety, and welfare, the Applicant shall act within 24 hours to complete the repair. If the work is not considered a safety issue, the Applicant has 10 business days to schedule the work, and 60 calendar days to complete the work. Extensions of time may be considered when necessary due to weather constraints. When the project is accepted and in warranty or after releasing the warranty surety, the Builder is responsible for any damage to the improvements along the lot frontage. Any deficiencies shall be corrected by the Builder prior to the issuance of the final Certificate of Occupancy for the structure. 9.15.5 FAILURE TO COMPLETE REPAIR If the warranty repairs are not completed in the time frame specified, the City may choose to conduct the necessary repairs. The City will either invoice the Applicant or collect from the surety for all costs for the related work, plus a $500.00 administrative fee. 9.15.6 RESPONSIBILITY FOR MAINTENANCE The Applicant is responsible for maintaining all public improvements, excluding snow plowing, throughout the warranty period. 9.16 STREET ESTABLISHMENT When the project has been certified and accepted, the Applicant can request to receive provisional acceptance after posting a warranty surety in accordance with Section 9.14. The Applicant is responsible to repair failures during the warranty period in accordance with Section 9.15.4. Final acceptance shall be granted after the warranty period assuming all deficiencies have been corrected. The City Manager is responsible for approving the establishment of new streets. When the project receives final acceptance, the Development Services Senior Engineer shall recommend to the City Manager that the streets be established. APPENDIX INDEX Appendix 9-A -Minimum Material Testing Frequencies Appendix 9-B - Final Certification Checklist— Sample Appendix 9-C - Removed Adopted December 2009 9-13 Chapter 9-Inspection&Certification CITY OF SPOKANE VALLEY STREET STANDARDS Appendix 9-D - Erosion and Sediment Control Log Adopted December 2009 9-14 Chapter 9-Inspection&Certification CITY OF SPOKANE VALLEY STREET STANDARDS APPENDIX 9-A — Minimum Material Testing Frequencies The following testing frequencies represent the minimum requirements during construction. If individual tests fail to meet specifications, additional testing shall be conducted to assure conformance. Earth Embankment 1 density test per lift per 500 CY placed Road Subgrade 1 density test per 100 LF of lane or equivalent Crushed Rock 1 density test per 100 LF of lane or equivalent per lift Trench Embankment 1 density test per 150 CY with varying test depths Crushed Rock under Curb and Sidewalks 1 density test per 100 LF of curb of walk length per lift(Unless tested as part of the roadway crushed rock) Concrete for Curbs and Sidewalks 1 set (4 cylinders)per 100 CY (Minimum 1 set per day) 1 set of air, slump, temperature, etc. on first truck and with cylinders thereafter Aggregate Quality 1 gradation test 1 sand equivalent test 1 fractured face test Asphalt Pavement 1 Lot=400 tons 5 random density tests per lot(Minimum 5 tests per day) 1 test to verify gradation per 1,000 tons (Minimum 1 test per day) 1 test to verify asphalt content per 1,000 tons (Minimum 1 test per day) 1 test to verify maximum density per 1,000 tons (Minimum 1 test per day) Adopted December 2009 9-15 Chapter 9-Inspection&Certification CITY OF SPOKANE VALLEY STREET STANDARDS APPENDIX 9-B — Final Certification Checklist (Sample) Project: Certification Letter: Statement of intent to certify the project. PE Stamp and Signature. Record Drawings Mylar Drawings: PE Stamp and Signature Lettered certification statement(Section 9.12) Project Documents: Daily Inspection Reports: Field Reports: Inspection of Asphalt Paving: 100% On site inspection during paving Compaction Reports: Sewer trench lifts. Water trench lifts. Utility trench lifts. Crushed Rock lifts. Material Documents: Field and Laboratory Tests: Field Test Lab Test Concrete (Slump, Air Content, (Break Test) Temp). Subgrade: (Compaction) (Gradation, Proctor) Crushed Rock (Compaction, Depth) (Gradation, Proctor) Asphalt (Compaction, (Rice, Gradation, Oil Thickness) Content) On Site Inspections of Drainage Items: Drywells: Gutter Inlets: Culverts: Sidewalk Vaults: Drainage Ditches: Other: Incoming/Outgoing Correspondence Adopted December 2009 9-16 Chapter 9-Inspection&Certification CITY OF SPOKANE VALLEY STREET STANDARDS APPENDIX 9-C — Removed APPENDIX 9-D — EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL LOG The following items are to be included in the daily logs and inspection reports to assure conformance: a. Date of Inspection. b. When,where and how the BMPs were installed, removed or modified. c. Repairs needed or made. d. Observations of BMP effectiveness and proper placement. e. Recommendations for improving performance of BMPs. f. Identify the points where stormwater runoff potentially leaves the site, is collected in a surface water conveyance system, (i.e., road ditch, storm sewer), and enters receiving waters of the state. g. If water sheet flows from the site, identify the point at which it becomes concentrated in a collection system. h. Inspect for SWPPP requirements including BMPs as required to ensure adequacy. Adopted December 2009 9-17 Chapter 9-Inspection&Certification CITY OF SPOKANE VALLEY STREET STANDARDS THIS PAGE LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK Adopted December 2009 9-18 Chapter 9-Inspection&Certification