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2013, 10-30 Permit App BLD-2013-2252 Deck, RampSpo°`kane ,Valley Community Development Department Permit Center 11703 East Sprague Avenue, Suite B-3 Spokane Valley, WA 99206 Tel: (509) 688-0036 Fax: (509) 688-0037 nermitcenterPsookanevaliev.oro (Staff Use Only) PERMIT NUMBER: PERMIT FEE: Project # RESIDENTIAL CONSTRUCTION PERMIT APPLIC:i& TON' . J NEW CONSTRUCTION ADDITION/REMODEL. ® ACCESSORYCBUI ;DING. DECK J OTHER 1 SITE ADDRESS: 1/(,/0 C-0r. p CS V PERMIT CENTER ASSESSORS PARCEL NO.: LEGAL DESC/RIKION: -- Jv .._ BUILDING OWNER NAME: 1 f'Gp k NAME: ADDRESS: CITY: PHONE: J k 1,071 //62/ 1 s / CONTACT NAME: — S r„� e PHONE: CONTRACTOR NAME: FAX: Fax: MAILINGADDRESS: 9'7D/, ' fe CITY,:. sdk ire e v. 1C)1';/ PHONE: —C' 4.9,/ • 49k 6.2Z CONTRACTOR LICENSE NO.: V jlp, ytz ///3 d%t/ CITY BUSINESS LICENSE NO.: • •. STATE: DEV. l�1 me: 992DL CELL: CELL: FAX: STATE: (CAS ZIP:.: 7/ /d'U CELL: c,.54 ' e DESCRIBE THE SCOPE OF WORF IN DETAIL. Al #NDICATE USE PROPOSED USE: ****YOU MUST COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING**** MARK N/A IF NOT APPLICABLE Height to Peak: N. Y Dimensions: �fx� ; VX No. of Stories: J STotal pace; At, Main Floor SQ FT: Upper Floor SQ FT: / Unfinished Basemen/t S SR FT: 4/72( Finished Basement SQ FT: %i/'/X Garage SQ FT: A/4 Deck/Covered Patio SQ FT: % 7& /©/ Impervious Surface Area: 30% Slopes on Property: NA No. of Bedrooms: /Yf. Construction Type: Weal Heat Source: _4t4 Sewer or Septic; /tl/5P TOTAL COST OF PROJECT: $ . t / e'`' DISCLAIMER The permitted verifies, acknowledges and agrees by their signature that: 1) if this permit Is for construction or on a dwelling, the dwelling is/will be served by potable water. 2) Ownership of this City of Spokane Valley permitinure to the property owner. 3) The signatory is the property owner or has permission to represent the property owner In this transaction. 4) All construction Is to be done In full compliance with the City of Spokane Valley Development code. Referenced codes are available for review at the City of Spokane Valley Permit Center. 5) The City of Spokane Valley permit is not a permit or approval for any violation of federal, state or focal laws, codes or ordinances. 6) Plans or additional information may be requirebe submitted and subsequently approved before this application can be processed. Signature Date: Updated 1-11-11 Page 1 of 1 http://www.spokanevalley.org/filestorage(124/938/210/948/1496/Bul[ding Permit=Residential_11-11-11.doc ,�J4- (/6 iL9 -�00 Aa V"e 3 t0a. �� A��i�%9NG D���. �fl�ROVED 1 . � 10 W a(� -4 e c OiL -\ .) c)� I wv ��OGt-e � 1\J\ �\ 2%A b L-Cf VIZ Project # Zl a� '=` �,?)10 6 1 RECEIVED 5� yaL CSV PERMIT CENTER SUB# REV. #� a I60-CL v-J yu f Itv )Dr— p U I ,oCOC M LIA POKANE LL UILDIN DIVI YXY ��rsswre %rea Ave x� J Cg00A 1&S j C ecq > A- cedar F I L E MULTI - JURISDICTIONAL BROCHURE guard post attachment rim joist footing guard joist -to -beam connection decking ledger boar fasteners joists post -to -beam connection (flush, tight bearing) post — existing house floor construction ledger board attachment to existing house Where applicable, provisions and details contained in this document are based on the International Residential Code (IRC) [bracketed text references applicable sections of the IRCj. Deck structural failures result in the largest numbers of injuries and fatalities of all residential building failures. Railings and deck connections to the house are leading areas of failure. Experience has shown that wrapping beams and other non -preservative treated structural deck members with finish materials, may lead to accelerated deterioration of these members due to moisture retention. Proper techniques must be used to prevent moisture build-up. This handout suggests some methods to achieve safer deck construction and may assist in the design of specific deck plans. This design assistance sheet is intended to provide some basics of private residential deck construction. Additional information can be found at libraries, home improvement stores, and building departments. Please note that while every effort is made to assure the accuracy of the information contained in this brochure it is not warranted for accuracy. This document is not intended to address all aspects or regulatory requirements for a project and should serve as a starting point for your investigation. CONTENTS MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS 2 DECKING REQUIREMENTS 3 JOIST SIZE 3 BEAM SIZE &ASSEMBLY REQUIREMENTS 5 DECK FRAMING PLAN 7 JOIST -TO -BEAM CONNECTION 8 JOIST HANGERS 8 POST REQUIREMENTS 8 RIM JOIST REQUIREMENTS 9 FOOTINGS 10 LEDGER ATTACHMENT REQUIREMENTS 11 FRAMING AT CHIMNEY OR BAY WINDOW 11 PROHIBITED LEDGER ATTACHMENTS 13 LEDGER BOARD FASTENERS 13 FREE-STANDING DECKS 15 DECK STABILITY 15 GUARD REQUIREMENTS 16 GUARD POST ATTACHMENTS 17 STAIR REQUIREMENTS 18 STAIR HANDRAIL REQUIREMENTS 19 STAIR LIGHTING REQUIREMENTS 19 MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS 1. This document applies to single level residential wood decks only. 2. All lumber shall be identified by the grade mark of, or certificate of inspection issued by, an approved lumber grading or inspection bureau or agency (www.alsc. org). All lumber in contact with the ground shall be ap- proved preservative treated wood suitable for ground contact. [R317.1.2) 3. All nails shall meet the requirements of ASTM F 1667. Threaded nails as stated in this document include heli- cal (spiral) and annular (ring -shank) nails. Wood screws shall meet the requirements of ANSI/ASME B18.6.1. Bolts and lag screws shall meet the requirements of ANSI/ASME B182.1. 4. Throughout this document, 1/2" diameter bolts and lag screws are specified for various connections. Edge distance and spacing requirements are based on 1/2" diameter fasteners. If larger (or smaller) fasteners are specified, edge distance and spacing needs to be ad- justed. 5. To resist corrosion, the following is required (R317.3): • All screws, bolts, and nails for use with preserva- tive treated wood shall be hot -dipped zinc -coated galvanized steel, stainless steel, silicon bronze, or copper. Fasteners to be hot -dipped galvanized shall meet the requirements of ASTM A153, Standard Specification/or Zinc Coating (Hot -Dip) on Iron and Steel Hardware, Class D for fasteners 3/8" diameter and smaller or Class C for fasteners with diameters over 3/8". • Fasteners other than nails and timber rivets shall be permitted to be of mechanically deposited zinc - coated steel with coating weights in accordance with ASTM B 695, Class 55, minimum. • All hardware (joist hangers, cast -in -place post an- chors, etc.) shall be galvanized or shall be stainless steel. Hardware to be hot -dipped prior to fabrica- tion shall meet ASTM A 653, Standard Specification for steel Sheet, Zinc -Coaled (Galvanized) or Zinc -Iron Alloy -Coated (Galvannealed) by the Hot -Dip Pro- cess, G-18S coating. Hardware to be hot -dipped galvanized after fabrication shall meet ASTM A 123, Specification for Zinc (Hot -Dip Galvanized) Coatings on Iron and Steel Products. • Other coated or non-ferrous fasteners or hardware shall be as approved by the authority havingjuris- diction. 6. Decks supporting large concentrated Toads such as hot tubs are beyond the scope of this document. 7. This document does not apply to decks which will experience snow Toads, snow drift loads, or sliding snow loads that exceed 40 psf.This document does not ad- dress wind or seismic design issues. 8. Flashing shall be corrosion -resistant metal [R703.8) of minimum nominal 0.019-inch thickness or approved non-metallic material. Aluminum should not be used in direct contact with lumber treated with preserva- tives that contain copper such as ACQ, Copper Azole, or ACZA. 9. Decks shall not be used or occupied until final inspec- tion and approval is obtained. 10. This document is not intended to preclude the use of other construction methods or materials not shown herein. DECKING REQUIREMENTS All decking material shall be composite or dimension lumber (2" nominal thickness) or span rated decking in ac- cordance with the American Lumber Standard Committee Policy for Evaluation of Recommended Spans for Span Rated Decking Products (November5, 2004). Attach decking to each joist with 2-8d threaded nails or 2-#8 screws. Space decking boards approximately 1/8"apart. See Figure II for decking connection requirements at the rim joist. Decking may be placed from an angle perpendicular to the joists to an angle of 45 (reduced joist spacing may be required). Each segment of decking must bear on a minimum of4joists (or4 sup- ports). Decking not meeting these requirements may be substi- tuted when the product has been approved by the authority having jurisdiction. JOIST SIZE The span of ajoist is measured from the centerline of bear- ing at one end of the joist to the centerline of bearing at the other end of the joist and does not include the length of the overhangs. Use Table 1 to determine joist span based on lumber size and joist spacing. Use Table 1 A for wood treated with pressure perservatives. See Figure IA through Figure 2 for joist span types. FOR USE WITH NON-PRESSURETREATED WOOD Table 1. Joist Span DEAD LOAD =10 psf JOIST SPACING (inches) SPECIES SIZE WITHOUT OVERHANGS' WITH OVERHANGS UP TO Li/42 12 16 24 12 16 24 (ft-in.) (ft-in.) (ft-in.) (ft-in.) (ft-in.) (ft-in.) 2x6 10-9 9-9 8-1 8-6 8-6 8-1 2x8 14-2 12-7 10-3 10-9 10-9 10-3 Douglas Fir -Larch 2x10 17-9 15-5 12-7 15-5 15-5 12-7 2x12 20-7 17-10 14-7 20-7 17-10 14-7 2x6 10-0 9-1 7-11 8-3 8-3 7-11 Hem -Fir 2x8 13-2 12-0 10-2 10-8 10-8 10-2 2x10 16-10 15-2 12-5 15-2 15-2 12-5 2x12 20-4 17-7 14-4 20-4 17-7 14-4 2x6 10-9 9-9 8-6 9-0 9-0 8-6 2x8 14-2 12-10 11-0 11-7 11-7 11-0 Southern Pine 2x10 18-0 16-1 13-1 16-1 16-1 13-1 2x12 21-9 18-10 15-5 21-9 18-10 15-5 2x6 10-3 9-4 8-1 8-6 8-6 8-1 2x8 13-6 12-3 10-3 10-9 10-9 10-3 Spruce -Pine -Fir 2x10 17-3 15-5 12-7 15-5 15-5 12-7 2x12 20-7 17-10 14-7 20-7 17-10 14-7 ' Assumes 40 psf live load, 10 psf dead load,1/360 defelction, No. 2 grade, and wet service conditions. See Figure 18. 2 Assumes 40 psf live Ioad, 10 psf dead load, L/180 cantilever deflection with 220 Ib point load, No. 2 grade, and wet service conditions. See Figure 1 A and 2. FOR USE WITH PRESSURE TREATED WOOD Table 1A. Maximum Joist Spans (Li/42) Joist Spacing (o.c.) Without Overhangs' With Overhanges up to Li/4 Species Size 12" 16" 24" 12" 16" 24" 2x8 13'-8" 12'-5" 10'-2" 10'-9" 10'-9" 10'-2" Southern Pine 2x10 17'-5" 15'-10" 13'-1" 15.-6" 15'-6" 1314" 2x12 18'-0" 18'-0" 15'-5" 18'-0" 18'-0" 15'-5" Douglas Fir -Larch, Hem -Fir, SPF3 2x8 12'-6" 111-1" 2x10 15'-8" 13'-7" 111-1" 13'-7" 13'-7" 11,-1" 2x12 18'-0" 15'-9" 12140" 18'-0" 15'-9" 12'-10" Redwood, Western Cedars, Ponderosa Pine", Red Pine" 2x8 11'-8" 10'-7" 8'-6" 2x10 14'-11" 13'-0" 10'-7" 12'-3" 12'-3" 10'-7" 2x12 17'-5" 15'-1" 12.-4" 17'-5" 15'-1" 12'-4" ' Assumes 40 psf live Toad, 10 psf dead load,1/360 defelction, No. 2 grade, and wet service conditions. See Figure 18. 2 Assumes 40 psf live Toad, 10 psf dead load, L/180 cantilever deflection with 220 lb point Toad, No.2 grade, and wet service conditions. See Figure 1A and Figure 2. ' Incising assumed for refractory species including Douglas fir -larch, hem -fir, and spruce -pine -fir. Design values based on northern species with no incising assumed. Figure 1 A. Joist Span - Deck Attached at House and Bearing Over Beam optional overhang existing wall —. jr )C jr Jr ir'—Ir—ini--- r rr irir—Ir ir—Ir-1 rim joist joist hangar /V t beam (flush, tight bearing) Li/4 maximum overhang post joist pressure treated ledger boare Joist Span (Li): see Table 1,1A Figure 1 B. Joist Span -Joists Attached at House and to Side of Beam beam*—► post --►- joist hangar joist existing wall r-11—Ir—Ir—Ir—Ir—Ir—ir—I joist hangar 11 *Note: beam depth must be equal to or greater than joist depth if joist hangers are used pressure treated ledger board — Joist Span (L): see Table 1,1 A Figure 2. Joist Span - Free Standing Deck optional overhang optional overhang ]C--][- X J[ rim joist rim joist beam (flush, tight bearing) post Li4 maximum overhang \--joist beam (flush, tight bearing) Joist Span (L): see Table 1, 1A BEAM SIZE & ASSEMBLY REQUIREMENTS Deck beam spans shall be in accordance with Table 2 and can extend past the post centerline up to Ls/4 as shown in Figure 3. Joists may bear on the beam and extend past the beam centerline up to L/4 as shown in Figures 1 A and 2, or the joists may attach to the side of the beam with joist hang- ers as shown in Figure 1 B. Li4 maximum overhang Joists shall not frame in from opposite sides of the same beam. See JOIST -TO -BEAM CONNECTION details, Figure 6. Where multiple 2x members are used, the deck's beam is assembled by attaching the members identified in Table 3 in accordance with Figure 4. [Table R602.3( 1)) Table 2. Deck Beam Spans (LB)' Joist Spans (Li) Less Than or Equal to: Species Size4 6' 8' 10' 12' 14' 16' 18' 3x6 or 2-2x6 5'-5" 4'-8" 4'-2" 3'-10" 3'-1 3x8 or 2-2x8 6'-10" 5'-11" 5'-4" 4'-10" 3'-8" 3x10or2-2x10 8'-4" 7'-3" 6'-6" 5'-11" Douglas Fir -Larch 2, 3x12 or 2-2x12 9'-8" 7'-6" 6'-1 0" 6'-4" 5'-11" 5'-7" Hem -Fire, 4x6 5'-6" 4'-11" 3'-11" SPF 2, 4x8 8'-5" 7'-3" 6'-6" 5'-11" 5'-6" 4'-1 0" Redwood, 4x10 9'-11" 7'-8" 6'-6" 5'-8" Western Cedars, 4x12 11'-5" 9'-11" 8'-10" 7'-6" 6'-7" Ponderosa Pine 3, 3-2x6 7'-4" 6'-0" 5'-6" 5'-1" 4'-9" 4'-6" Red Pine 3 3-2x8 9'-8" 7'-7" 6'-11" 6'-0" 3-2x10 12'-0" 10'-5" 8'-6" 7'-10" 6'-11" 3-2x12 13'-11" 12'-1" 10'-9" 9'-10" 9'-1" 8'-6" 8'-1" 1. Assumes 40 psf live load, 10 psf dead load, L/360 simple span beam deflection limit, L/180 cantilever deflection limit No.2 grade, and wet service condition& 2. Incising assumed for refractory species including Douglas fir -larch, hem -fir, and spmce-pine-fir. 3. Design values based on northern species with no Incising assumed. 4. Beam depth must be equal to or greater than Joist depth !flat hangers are used (see Figure 6, Option 3). Figure 3. Beam Span Types 5 ,I IVI IVI InI IBI " L joists above beam post, typical optional overhang (may occur at each end) beam splices at post locations Ls/4 max. I beam span (Le): see Table 2 overhang beam span (LB): see Table 2 Ls/4 max. overhang Figure 4. Beam Assembly Details 10d threaded nail or #10 wood screw > 3" long, staggered in 2 rows • If a beam is constructed with 3-members, attach each outside member to the inside member as shown here 2" threaded nails or screws at each end or splice end; splices shall be located only over interior posts (Figure 3) 16" typical DECK FRAMING PLAN A framing plan shows the joist and beam layout; the loca- tion of the ledger board, posts, and footings, and the type, size, and spacing of the ledger board fasteners. See Figure 5 for an example of a typical deck framing plan. Figure 5. Typical Deck Framing Plan Lumber species: (see Table 1, 1A) [N, 2x ® joists at 12'; 16'; or 24" on center r -1 r o+p ;nE f r'\ L Chimney or � \ Ba Window ,\ \ Y..... i\\J -1 -1 1 r -r r VI r , r n double _x —trimmer (see Figure r -1 ortriple - 5A) \-�` 6x6 post ) . 11 .. i \-- footing: Table 4 LB/4 max. round or square see (-' dia. or _' x I x .....2 thick - = deep LB/4 max. overhang beam span (LB): see Table 2 Single, double, or triple —x— • LB=—' --' overhang x ledger r board with 1/2"dia. bolts/lag screws/anchors @—" on center (see Table 5) joist hanger: — Ibs (seeTable 3A) trimmer hanger:—Ibs (seeTable 5) rim joist stair stringers: cut or solid span:— --" (see Figure 28) treads:_x — (seeTable 7) Figure 5A. Detail for Framing Around a Chiminey or Bay Window a-3' 0"maximum lir triple trimmer joist each s de* 6' 0"maximum chimney or bay window 27 triple joist hanger, typical (Table 7) double joist hanger, typical 1 ledger board double header *Trimmer joist may be double ifjoists are spaced 24"o.c. or if trimmer length is 8'-6"or less Chimney or bay 1 window decking may extend 6"maximum Bolts or lag screws shall fully extend into band joist or rim board (2) 1/2" diameter thru-bolt or lag screws at ledger' *See Figure 19 for fastener spacing, edge, and end distances JOIST -TO -BEAM CONNECTION Each joist shall be attached to the beam as shown in Figure 6. Joists may bear on and overhang past the beam a maxi- mum of L/4. Use Option 1 or Option 2 to attach the joist to the beam. Option 1 shall only be used if the deck is attached to the house with a ledger (see LEDGER ATTACHMENT RE- QUIREMENTS) or as shown in Figure 23. Mechanical fasten- ers or hurricane clips used as shown in Option 2 must have a minimum capacity of 100 Ibs in both uplift and lateral load directions. Joists may also attach to the side of the beam with joist hangers per Option 3. Joists shall not frame in from opposite sides of the same beam. See JOIST HANGERS for more information. Hangers. clips, and mechanical fasteners shall be galvanized or stainless steel (see MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS). Figure 6. Joist -to -Beam Detail 3-8d threaded toe nails--\ (2 on one side, 1 on the other) mechanical fastener or hurricane clip joist hangar top of beam and joist —must be at same elevation *"see manufacturer's recommendations for additional requirements JOIST HANGERS Joist hangers, as shown in Figure 7, shall each have a mini- mum download capacity in accordance with Table 3A. The joist hanger shall be selected from an approved manufacturer's product data based on the dimensions of the joist or header it is carrying. Joist hangers shall be galva- nized or stainless steel (see MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS). Use joist hangers with inside flanges when clearances to the edge of the beam or ledger board dictate. Do not use clip angles or brackets to support joists. Figure 3A. Joist Hanger Download Capacity Joist Size Minimum Capacity, Ibs 2x8 600 2x10 700 2x12 800 Figure 7. Typical Joist Hangers joist hanger with inside flanges POST REQUIREMENTS All deck post sizes shall be 6x6 (nominal) or larger and the maximum height shall be 14'-0" measured to the underside of the beam. 4x4 posts are permitted but shall not exceed 48" (inches) in height. Posts shall be centered on footings. Cut ends of pressure treated posts shall be field treated with an approved preservative (such as copper naphthenate) [R402.1.21. The beam shall be at- tached to the post by notching the 6x6 as shown in Figure 8 or by providing an approved post cap to connect the beam and post as shown in Figure 10. All 3-ply beams shall be connected to the post by a post cap. All posts shall pro- vide full bearing for beams. All thru-bolts shall have wash- ers under the bolt head and nut. Attachment of the beam to the side of the post without notching is prohibited (see Figure 9). All posts shall provide full bearing for beams. Figure 8. Post -to -Beam Attachment Requirements (1) 3x or 4x or (2) 2x beam beam must bear fully on 6x6 notch 6x6 min. (2) 1/2"diameter thru-bolts with washers notch post to accomodate beam RIM JOIST REQUIREMENTS Attach a continuous rim joist to the ends of joists as shown in Figure 11. Attach decking to the rim joist as shown in Figure 11. For more decking attachment requirements, see DECKING REQUIREMENTS. Figure 9. Prohibited Post -to -Beam Attachment Figure 10. Alternate Approved Post -to -Beam Post Cap Attachment Solid sawn or multi -ply beam Figure 11. Rim Joist Connection Details joists rim joist secure decking to top of rim joist with 10d threaded nails or #10 x 3" minimum wood screws @ 6"o.c. common or smooth nails are not permitted attach rim joist to end of each joist with (3)10d threaded nails or (3) #10 x 3" minimum wood screws common or smooth nails are not permitted FOOTINGS (R4031 See Figure 12 and Table 4 for footing size, footing thickness, Table 4. Footing Sizes' and post attachment options and requirements. Beam Joist Round Square All footings shall bear on solid ground and shall be placed Span, Span, Footing Footing Footing at least 12 inches below the undisturbed ground surface or LB L2 Diameter Dimension Thickness2 below the frost line, whichever is deeper. Contact the authority having jurisdiction to determine the 510' 15" 13" specified frost line. Bearing conditions shall be verified in 6' 514' 17" 15" the field by the building official prior to placement of con- crete. Where the building official determines that in -place 518' 20" 18" soils with an allowable bearing capacity of less than 1,500 510' 17" 15" psf are likely to be present at the site, the allowable bearing capacity shall be determined by a soils investigation. DECK 8' 514' 20" 18" 8" FOOTINGS CLOSER THAN 5'-0"TO AN EXISTING EXTERIOR 518' 23" 21" HOUSE WALL MUST BEAR ATTHE SAME ELEVATIONS ASTHE 510' 19" 17" FOOTING OF THE EXISTING HOUSE FOUNDATION. Do not construct footings over utility lines or enclosed meters. Contact local utilities (call 811) befor digging. Pre -manufactured post anchors shall be galvanized. See MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS. 10' 514' 22" 20" 518' 25" 23" 10" 510' 21" 19" 12' 514' 24" 22" 10" 518' 28" 26" 11" 510' 22" 20" 14' 514' 26" 24" 11" 518' 30" 28" 12" 510' 24" 22" 9" 16' 514' 28" 26" 12" 518' 32" 30" 13" 510' 25" 23" 10" 18' 514' 30" 28" 12" 5_18' 34" 32" 14" ' Assumes 1,500 psf soil bearing capacity. 2 Assumes 2500 psi compressive strength of concrete. Coordinate foot- ing thickness with post base and anchor requirements. Figure 12. Typical Footing Options Pressure Treated Pos check with Building Department for minimum frost depth requirements frost depth grade posts must be centered on footing ��— Cut ends of posts shall be field treated with an approved preservative (such as copper naphthenate) • a Lai per Table 4 footings must bear on solid ground a pre -manufactured post base with post anchor, or poured in place footing per Table 4. Where soil conditions allow, soil forms may be allowed. -10- LEDGER ATTACHMENT REQUIREMENTS (R502.2.21 GENERAL: Ledger boards shall be pressure treated material. Attach the ledger board, which shall be equal to or greater than the deck joist depth but less than or equal to the rim joist depth, to the existing exterior wall in accor- dance with Figure 14through Figure 16. When attachments are made to the existing house band joist, the band joist shall be capable of supporting the new deck. If this cannot be verified or conditions at the existing house differ from the details herein, then either a free-standing deck or full plan submission is required. See FREE-STANDING DECKS. SIDING AND FLASHING: House siding or the exterior finish system must be removed prior to installation of the ledger board. Approved corrosion resistant flashing is required at any ledger board connection to a wall of wood framed con- struction (see MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS). See Figure 14 for continuous flashing with drip edge. The threshold shall be carefully flashed and caulked to prevent water intrusion due to splash from the deck or melting snow and ice. MANUFACTURED WOOD I-JOIST:The term "I-Joist"denotes manufactured wood "I"joists (see Figure 13A). Many new Figure 13A. Wood I -Joist Profile FRAMING AT CHIMNEY OR BAY WINDOW All members at a chimney or bay window shall be framed in accordance with Figure 5. Headers may span a maximum of6'-0". When a chimney or bay window is wider thant 6'-0 , one or more 6x6 posts may be added to reduce header spans to less than 6'-0". In such cases, the post footing must meet the requirements in the FOOTINGS section. Headers with a span length greater than 6'-0"require a plan submis- sion. Headers shall be located no more than 3'-0"from the end of the trimmer joist. Triple trimmer joists are required on each side of the header ifjoist spacing is 12" or 16" o.c. or if the trimmer joist span exceeds 8'-6'; otherwise, double trimmer joists are permit- ted. Trimmer joists may bear on the beam and extend past the beam centerline up to 1.14 as shown in Figures 1 A and 2, or the trimmer joist may attach to the side of the beam with joist hangers as shown in Figure 1 B. Joist hangers shall each have a minimum download capacity in accordance with Table 5. Bolts or lag screws used to attach the hanger to the ledger shall fully extend through the ledger into the 2-inch nominal lumber band joist (1-1/2"actual) or EWP rim board. Otherwise a freestanding deck is required. homes constructed with wood I -joists include 1"or thicker engineered wood products (EWP)such as oriented strand board (OSB) or structural composite lumber (SCL) includ- ing laminated veneer lumber (LVL) - as band joists (or rim boards) that can support the attachment of a deck (see Fig- ure 14). However, some older homes might be constructed with band boards that are too thin (less than 1') to support a deck. In such cases, a free-standing deck or a full plan submission is required. MANUFACTURED WOOD TRUSS: A metal plate connected wood truss (MPCWT) is an engineered, prefabricated struc- tural component designed for each specific application. MP- CWT's used in residential floors are often installed with a 2x4 lumber"ribbon"at the ends of the trusses (see Figure 13B) to tie the ends of the trusses together. The ribbon board, by itself, is not intended to support the deck ledger and deck. Installing residential decks when the floor system for the house uses MPCWT requires a standard detail provided by the truss designer, a free-standing deck, or a full plan submission. Refer to the WTCATechnical Note -Attachment of Residential Decks to Wood Truss Floor Systems for special blocking details and attachment requirements (www.sbcin- dustry.com) . Figure 13B. Metal Plate Connected (MPC) Wood Floor Trusses with a 2x4 Lumber "Ribbon" at the ends of the Trusses 2x4 RIBBON BOARD - not intended for deck attachment MPC FLOOR TRUSSES FOUNDATION WALL Table 5. Trimmer Joist Hanger Download Capacity Joist Size Minimum Capacity, Ibs 2x8 1050 2x10 1380 2x12 1500 -11- Figure 14. General Attachment of Ledger Board to Band Joist or Rim Board exterior sheathing existing stud wall existing 2x band joist or 1"minimum EWP rim board 2"min. 1 1-5/8" mini 5"ma 2"min. 2x floor joist, wood I -joist, or MPCWT existing foundation wall remove siding at ledger prior to installation threshold carefully flashed and caulked to prevent water intrusion continuous flashing extend- ing past joist hanger deck joist 1/2"diameter lag screws or through bolts with washers joist hanger 2x pressure treated ledger board; must be greater than or equal to the depth of the deck joist and no greater than the depth of the band joist Figure 15. Attachment of Ledger Board to Foundation Wall (Concrete or Solid Masonry) existing concrete or solid masonry wall embed anchors per manufacturer recommendations to resist corrosion and decay, this area should be caulked deck joist 1/2"diameter approved expansion, epoxy, or adhesive anchors with washers joist hanger 2x pressure treated ledger board; must be greater than or equal to the size of the joist Figure 16. Attachment of Ledger Board to Foundation Wall (Hollow Masonry) embeded anchors per manufacturer recommendations existing hollow masonry wall block cells filled with grout or concrete at anchor locations (new construction) "block wall minimum to resist corrosion and decay, this area should be caulked deck joist 1/2" diameter approved expansion, epoxy, or adhesive anchors with washers joist hanger 2x pressure treated ledger board; must be greater than or equal to the size of the joist -12- PROHIBITED LEDGER ATTACHMENTS Attachments to exterior veneers (brick, masonry, stone) and to cantilevered floor overhangs or bay windows are prohib- ited (see Figures 17 and 18). In such cases the deck shall be Figure 17. No Attachment to or Through Exterior Ve- neers (Brick, Masonry, Stone) free-standing (see FREE-STANDING DECKS). Figure 18. No Attachment to House Overhang overhang -\ or bay window LEDGER BOARD FASTENERS Only those fasteners noted below are permitted. LEAD ANCHORS ARE PROHIBITED. Deck ledger connection to band joist or rim board. The connection between a deck ledger and a 2-inch nominal lumber band joist (1-1/2"actual) or EWP rim board bearing on a sill plate or wall plate shall be constructed with 1/2"lag screws or bolts with washers per Table 6 and Figure 19 (see MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS). Table 6. Fastener Spacing for a Southern Pine, Douglas Fir -Larch, or Hem -Fir Deck Ledger and a 2-inch Nominal Soli - Sawn Spruce -Pine -Fir" Band Joist or EWP Rim Board6 (Deck Live Load = 40 psf, Deck Dead Load = 10 psf)3,6 Joist Span Rim Board or Band Joist 6'-0" and Tess 6'-1" to 8'-0" 8'-1" to 10'-0" 10'-1" to 12'-0" 12'-1" to 14'-0" 14;-1" to 16'-0" 16'-1" to 18'-0" Connection Details On -Center Spacing of Fasteners" 1/2" diameter screw with 1" EWP6 24" 18" 14" 12" 10" 9" 8" 15/32"maximumsheath- 1-1/8"EWP6 28" 21" 16" 14" 12" 10" 9" ing' 1-1/2"Lumber7'9 30" 23" 18" 15" 13" 11" 10" 1"EWP6 24" 18" 14" 12" 10" 9" 8" 1/2"diameter bolt with 1-1/8"EWP6 28" 21" 16" 14" 12" 10" 9" 15/32"maximum sheathing 1-1/2"Lumber79 36" 36" 34" 29" 24" 21" 19" 1/2" diameter bolt with 1" EWP6 24" 18" 14" 12" 10" 9" 8" 15/32" maximum sheathing 1-1/8"EWP6 28" 21" 16" 14" 12" 10" 9" and 1/2"stacked washersza 1-1/2"LumberZ9 36" 36" 29" 24" 21" 18" 16" ' The tip of the lag screw shall fully extend beyond the in ide face of he band joist. 2 The maximum gap between the face of the ledger board and face o the wall sheathing shall be 1/2". 3 Ledgers shall be flashed our caulked to prevent water from contacting the house band joist see Figure 14,15, and 16). Lag screws and bolts shall be staggered per Figure 19. s Deck ledgers shall be minimum 2x8 pressure -preservative -treated No.2 grade lumber, or other approved materials as established by stan- dard engineering practice. 6 When solid -sawn pressure -preservative -treated deck ledgers are attached to engineered wood products (minimum 1"thick wood struc- tural panel band joist or structural composite lumber including laminated veneer lumber), the ledger attachment shall be designed in ac- cordance with accepted engineering practice. Tabulated values based on 3001bs and 3501bs for 1"and 1-1/8"EWP rim board, respectively. 7 A minimum 1"x9 1/2"Douglas fir -larch laminated veneer lumber rim board shall be permitted in lieu of the 2" nominal band joist. 6 Wood structural panel sheathing, gypsum board sheathing, or foam sheathing not exceeding one inch thickness shall be permitted. The maximum distance between the face of the ledger board and the face of the band joist shall be one inch. 9 Fastener spacing also applies to Douglas fir -larch, and hem -fir band joists. -13- Placement of lag screws or bolts in deck ledgers The lag screws or bolts shall be placed as shown in Figure 19. The lag screws or bolts shall be staggered from the top to the bottom along the horizontal run of the deck ledger (see Figure 19). Proper installation of lag screws or bolts shall be verified by the authority having jurisdiction. Figure 19. Ledger Board Fastener Spacing and Clearances 5"max. } 2"min. See Table 6 ledger lag screw, thru-bolt, or anchor with washer Thru-Bolts Thru-bolts shall have a diameter of 1/2". Pilot holes for thru- bolts shall be 17/32"to 9/16"in diameter. Thru-bolts require washers at the bolt head and nut. Expansion and Adhesive Anchors Use approved expansion or adhesive anchors when attach- ing a ledger board to a concrete or solid masonry wall as shown in Figure 15 or a hollow masonry wall with a grouted cell as shown in Figure 16. Expansion and adhesive anchor bolts shall have a diameter of 1/2". 5.5" min. for 2x8* 6.5" min. for 2x10 7.5"min. for2x12 3/4" min. See Figure 14 for rim joist fastener spacing *Distance can be reduced to 4.5" if lag screws are used or bolt spacing is reduced to that of lag screws to attach 2x8 ledgers to 2x8 band joists (1/2"stacked washers not permitted). Minimum spacing and embedment length shall be per the manufacturer's recommendations. All anchors must have washers. Lag Screws Lag screws shall have a diameter of 1/2"(see MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS). Lag screws may be used only when the field conditions conform to those shown in Figure 14. See Figure 20 for lag screw length and shank requirements. All lag screws shall be installed with washers. Figure 20. Lag Screw Requirements 1-1/2"shank (no threads) length must extend throue existing band board Lag screw installation requirements: Each lag screw shall have pilot holes drilled as follows: 1) Drill a 1/2" diameter hole in the ledger board, 2) Drill a 5/16" diameter hole into the band board of the existing house. DO NOT DRILL A 1/2"DIAMETER HOLE INTO THE BAND BOARD. 1 lag screws must be hot - dipped galvanized or stainless steel only screw must penetrate beyond band board a minimum of 1/2" The treaded portion of the lag screw shall be inserted into the pilot hole by turning. DO NOT DRIVE LAG SCREWS WITH A HAMMER. Use soap or a wood compatible lubricant as required to facilitate tightening. Each lag screw shall be thoroughly tightened (snug but not over -tightened to avoid wood damage). American Forest & Paper Associaton -14- FREE STANDING DECKS Decks which are free-standing do not utilize the exterior wall of the existing house to support vertical loads (see Figure 21); instead, an additional beam with posts is provided at or within L/4 of the existing house. THE ASSOCIATED DECK POST FOOTINGS HALL BE PLACED ATTHE SAME ELEVATION AS THE EXISTING HOUSE FOOTING IF LOCATED CLOSER THAN 5'- 0" TO AN EXISTING HOUSE WALL (see Figure 2 and Figure 12). For houses with basements, a cylindrical footing (caisson) is recommended to minimize required excavation at the basement wall. Beam size is determined by Table 2. Figure 21. Free Standing Deck rim joist install d agonals—` per Figure 22 /beam, posts joist rim jois joist overhang existing house foundaton wall deck footings must beat same elevation as existing house footing DECK STABILITY Decks greater than 4 feet above grade shall be provided with diagonal bracing. Figure 22. Diagonal Bracing Requirements post to beam bracke 1111,111111,111111121 ,,ri 92' [beam 4,typical (1) 3/8" diameter thru-bolt with washers, typical BRACING PARALLEL TO BEAM beam 1 b — provide blocking when joists do not align with posts joist at post locations 14'- 0" maximum BRACING PERPENDICULAR TO BEAM -15- Diagonal Bracing: Provide diagonal bracing both parallel and perpendicular to the beam at each post as shown in Figure 22. When parallel to the beam, the bracing shall be bolted to the post at one end and beam at the other. When perpendicular to the beam, the bracing shall be bolted to the post at one end and a joist or blocking between joists at the other. When ajoist does not align with the bracing loca- tion provide blocking between the adjacent joists. Decks attached to the house as shown in Figure 23A do not require diagonal bracing perpendicular to the house. Diagonal bracing parallel to the house may be omitted at the beam adjacent to the house for a free-standing deck attached as shown in Figure 23. Free-standing Deck - Attachment to House: Attach the deck rim joist to the existing house exterior wall as shown in Figure 23 for a free-standing deck. The wall must be sheathed with minimum 3/8"wood structural panel sheath- ing. Use lag screws orthru-bolts when fastening to an exist- ing band joist or wall stud; use expansion anchors or epoxy Figure 23. Attachment of Free -Standing Deck to House for Deck Stability exterior sheathing min. thickness = 3/8" existing wall stud, band joist, or con- crete or masonry foundation wall fasteners @ 16"o.c. staggered remove siding at rim joist location prior to installation continuous flashing extending past rim joist fasten - rs rim joist beam & post anchors when fastening to concrete or masonry. DO NOT ATTACH TO BRICK VENEERS. VERIFY THIS CONDITION IN THE FIELD PRIOR TO UTILIZING THIS METHOD. Fasteners shall be 16"on center and staggered in 2 rows for free-standing decks. Flashing over the rim joist is required and must be installed in accordance with the flashing provisions in the LEDGER ATTACHMENT REQUIREMENTS. Deck Supported by Ledger - Attachment to House: Where supported by attachment to an exterior wall (Fig- ures 14,15, or 16), decks shall be positively anchored to the primary structure and designed for both vertical and lateral loads as applicable (R502.2.2]. The lateral load connection required shall be permitted to be in accordance with Figure 23A. Hold down tension devices shall be provided in not less than two locations per deck, and each device shall have an allowable stress design capacity of not less than 1,500 lb (R502.2.2.3). Figure 23A. Example of a Lateral Load Device for a Deck Attached to a House with a Ledger floor sheathing nailing at 6"maximum on center to joist with hold down floor joist hold down or similar tension device IL deck joist GUARD REQUIREMENTS All decks greater than 30"above grade are required to have a guard [R312.1] - one example is shown in Figure 24. Other methods and materials may be used for guard construction when installed according to the manufacturers installation instruction, or as approved by the authority having jurisdic- tion. Where a guard is required and fixed seating is provided the guard height is measured from the top of the fixed seat- ing. Figure 24. Example Guard Detail - Best Practice 4x4 post, typical maximum spacing—.-- 2x2 baluster, typical DO NOT NOTCH r2x6 or 5/4 board 1 f rail cap _i 36" minimum i `tea: t r t .� (2) 1/2" diameter thru-bolts and washers 2x4 top and bottom; attach to guard post with (2)#8 wood screws s 2-1/2" long on inside face. 1-the shall not allow attach balusters at top and bottom with passage of a4"diameter (1)#8 wood screw or (2)8d post -frame sphere threaded nails with 0.123" nominal diameter -16- GUARD POST ATTACHMENTS Deck guard posts shall be a minimum 4x4 (nominal) with an adjusted bending design value not less than 1,100 psi. Guard posts for guards which run parallel to the deckjoists shall be attached to the outside joist per Figure 25. Guard posts for guards that run perpendicular to the deckjoists shall be attached to the rim joist in accordance with Figure 26. Only hold down anchor models meeting these mini- mum requirements shall be used. Hold down anchors shall have a minimum allowable tension load of 1,800 pounds for a 36"maximum rail height and be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. Figure 25. Guard Post to Outside Joist Example - Best Practice *guard posts may be located on either side of the outside joist guard post (2) 1/2"dia.thru- bolts and washers 2 min 2-1/2" min. and 5" max. 2"min, outside joist see Figure 24 for guard component attachment requirements SECTION *guard posts can be installed as shown in Figure 26 (between joists) if blocking is installed as shown below within 12"of each side of the post at first interior bay, provide 2x blocking at guard posts with hold-down anchors; attach blocking with 10d threaded nails top and bottom, each side outside joist guard post PLAN VIEW Figure 26. Guard Post to Rim Joist Example - Best Practice see Figure 24for guard component attachment requirements rim joist hold-down anchor joist minimum (2)1/2" diameter thru- bolts and washers SECTION hold-down anchor joist align guard post at joist locations 2"min. 2-1/2" min. and 5"max. 2" min. at joist location between joists PLAN VIEWS rim joist hold-down anchor—" [guard post rim joist -17- STAIR REQUIREMENTS Stairs, stair stringers, and stair guards shall meet the require- ments shown in Figure 27 through Figure 31 and Table 7 ex- cept where amended by the local jurisdiction. All cut string- ers shall be a minimum of2x12, and solid stringers shall be a minimum of 2x10. Stair stringers shall not span more than the dimensions shown in Figure 28. If the stringer span exceeds these dimensions, then a 4x4 post may be provided to support the stringer and shorten its span length. An intermediate landing may also be provided to shorten the stringer span (see provisions below). If the total vertical height of a stairway exceeds 12'-0; then an intermediate landing shall be required. All intermediate stair landings must be designed and constructed as a free-standing deck Figure 27. Tread and Riser Detail 10"minimum tread width 7-3/4" maximum riser, height shall not deviate from i one another by L more than 3/8" 1 `< riser may be open, but \ shall not allow the \ passageofa4"diameter ,sphere risers: 1x material, minimum "treads: see Figure 29 and Table 6 3/4" 1-1/4"nosing; nosing shall not deviate from one another by more than 3/8" Figure 29. Tread Connection Requirements Attchment per tread at each stringer or ledger: 2x _ or 5/4 treads - (2)8d threaded nails or (2)#8 screws a 2-1/2"long 3x _treads - (2) 16d threaded nails or (2)#8 screws x 3-1/2"long stringer treads: 2x _ or 5/4 board _ 18" max. stringers CUT STRINGER treads: seeTable 7 36"max. U 2x4 ledgers, each side, full depth of tread; attach with (4) 10d threaded nails or (4)#8 wood screws z 3"long SOLID STRINGER using the details in this document. Stairs shall be a mini- mum of 36"in width, a combination of cut and solid string- ers can be used, but shall be placed at a maximum spacing of 18" on center (see Figure 29). The width of each landing shall not be less than the width of the stairway served. Every landing shall have a minimum dimension of 36"measured in the direction of travel and no less than the width of the stairway served [R311.7). Figure 28. Stair Stringer Requirements max. span = 7'-0"for Southern Pine max. span = 6'-0: for other Table 1,1 A species CUT STRINGER max. span = 16-6"for Southern Pine max. span = 13'-0"for other Table- 1, 1A species SOLID STRINGER Table 7. Minimum Tread Size for Cut and Solid Stringers' Species Cut Stringer Solid Stringer Douglas Fir Larch, Hem -Fir, SPF2 2x4 or 5/4 2x6 or 3x4 Redwood, Western Cedars, Ponderosa Pine', Red Pine3 2x4 or 5/4 2x6 or 3x4 ' Assumes 300 lb concentrated load, U288 deflection limit, No. 2 grade, and wet service conditions. 2 Incising assumed for refractory species including Douglas fir -larch, hem -fir, and spruce -pine -fir. Design values based on northern species with no incising assumed. -18- Figure 30. Stair Guard Requirements stair guard is required for stairs with a total rise of 30" or more; see GUARD REQUIREMENTS for more information stair guard height:- 34"min. measured from nosing of step a openings for required guards-/ on the sides of stair treads shall not allow a sphere 4-3/8" to pass 6'-0"maximum between posts Triangular opening shall not permit the passage ofa 6" diameter sphere. Figure 31. Stair Stringer Attachment Detail rim joist or outside joist sloped joist hanger, minimum download capacity of 625 Ibs; see JOIST HANGERS for more requirements ATTACHMENT WITH HANGERS STAIR HANDRAIL REQUIREMENTS All stairs with 4 or more risers shall have a handrail on at least one side (see Figure 32A) [R311.7.7). The handrail height measured vertically from the sloped plane adjoining the tread nosing shall be not less than 34 inches and not more than 38 inches (see Figure 30) [R311.7.7.1). Handrails shall be graspable and shall be composed of decay -resistant and/or corrosion resistant material. Handrails shall be Type ',Type II, or provide equivalent graspability (see Figure 32B). Type I shall have a perimeter dimension of at least 4"and not greater than 6-1/4". Type II rails with a perimeter greater Figure 32A. Handrail Mounting Examples fasten handrails per manufacturer recommendations 1 3/4"min 1 1/2"min 11/2"min 1 1/2"min wall -- guard post MOUNTEDTO GUARD I 1 3/4"min 2x blocking 34"-38"to nosing of stairs, typical `- corrosion -resistant handrail hardware MOUNTEDTO WALL than 6-1/4"shall provide a graspable finger recess area on both smooth surface with no sharp corners. Handrails shall run continuously from a point directly over the lowest riser to a point directly over the highest rise and shall return to the guard at each end. Handrails may be interrupted by guard posts at a turn in the stair [R311.7.7.2]. Figure 32B. Handrail Grip Size NONCIRCULAR CIRCULAR [R311.7.7.3 Type 11 Perimeter: 4"- 61 /4" 1 1 /2"- 2 3/4" RECESSED [11311.7.7.3 Type Ili Perimeter. > 61/4" STAIR LIGHTING REQUIREMENTS ER303.61 Stairways serving a required exit shall have a light source lo- cated at the top landing such that all stairs and landings are illuminated. The light switch shall be operated from inside the house. However, motion detected or times switches are acceptable. - 19 - Some of the text and images contained in this brochure have been extracted from various publications and are the courtesy of the International Code Council, and the American Wood Council. While every effort has been made to insure the accuracyof the information presented, jurisdictions as indicated on this brochure do not assume responsibility for errors and omissions in this document. Those using this document assume all liability arising from its use. Please note that while every effort is made to assure the accuracy of the information contained in this brochure it is not warranted for accuracy. This document is not intended to address all aspects or regulatory requirements for a project and should serve as a starting point for your investigation. For detailed information on a particular project, permit, or code requirement refer directly to applicable file and/or code/regulatory documents or contact the appropriate division or staff. BP-6810/11 - 20 -