1973 ENVIRONMENT IMPACT STATEMENTQOUMPUP C@bnpzQG v
SPOKANE VALLEY WAREHOUSE
G�]LI�MOO G°�SPC�] � LaG�1DCSG°��Ofi�l
0
n a HAWORTH & ANOERSON
WEST 420 SPRAGUE AVENUE
SPOKANE, WASHINGTON 99204 IS093 624 -8733
January 25. ;073
ROUNDUP COMPANY - SPOKANE VALLEY WAREHOUSE
The proposed warehouse development of the Roundup Company in
the Spokane Valley was determined to be of environmental significance,
requiring a zone change from "Agriculture" to "Restricted Industrial,"
and warranted the preparation of an Environmental Impact Statement.
The draft version of that statement has been prepared and is now
available for agency and public review and comment. The proposed
project is a 500,000 square foot warehouse- office complex to be built
on a 50 acre site just a mile northwest of the Pines Road - Interstate
99 inter,-mtion.
This Environmental Impact Statement was prepared for the County of
Spokane in accordance with the provisions of the State Environmental
Policy Act of 1971 and the guidelines set up by the State Department
of Ecology. It is intended to allow a greater evaluation of the impact
of this development on the overall environment. In this Environmental
Impact Statement a number of categories were covered, such as the
identification of the flora and fauna; features of the site as it now is
and as it will be if the project is completed; aesthetic qualities and
character of the project; factors affecting water, air, noise, waste;
possible impact on traffic, schools, fire and police protection, public
utilities, housing; economic impact. In -depth analysis was made
particularly of traffic congestion and noise pollution.
The State Department of Ecology's final procedures and guidelines
require a number of specific questions to be answered, among them being
alternatives to the proposed project; mitigating measures proposed to
minimize any potential adverse impact, short -term versus, long -term uses
of the land, evaluation of the proposed project in light of present
policies and plans of the Spokane County Comprehensive Plan. For
instance, among the alternatives to be considered for the site were
that of residential use, agricultural use, open space or park, leaving
it in its present condition, or some other commercial or industrial use.
Of additional interest is the plan for a new water system and a new
county arterial.
ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS • LAND USE PLANNING • ECONOMICS - HOUSING - URBAN 6 REGIONAL STUOIES
DRAFT
ROUNDUP COMPANY
SPOKANE VALLEY WAREHOUSE
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
STATEMENT
prepared for
SPOKANE.000NTY PLANNING COMMISSION
by
AN DERSON
1
1
1
1
This Environmental Impact Statement has been prepared at the
request and under the direction of the Spokane County Planning
Commission. It is intended to provide a helpful and consistent
overall approach to the question of what is the environmental impact
of the proposed warehouse project of Roundup Company in the Spokane
Valley, which requires a Tone change from the present "Agricultural"
to one of "Restricted Industrial."
The proposed development has been determined to-be of a
significant nature in scope,,size, and effect; thus, this statement
is expected to help meet the requirements; regulations, and procedures
of the State Environmental.Protection Act as administered by the
State Department of Ecology.
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T A B L E of C O N T E N T S
PAGE
'
Description of the Proposed Project . . . . . . . . . .
1
'
Location and Setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
Description of the Project . . . . . . . . . . . .
6
Categorical Environmental Impact Analysis . . . . .
8
Natural Environment . . . . . . . . . . .
9
Past and Present . . . . . . . .
91
'
...
Flora and Fauna
9
'
Site Description . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . .
Topography
18
18
Geology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18
Archaeology and History
18
Flowing . . . . . . . . .
Free Standing or Flowing Water
19
Faulting
19
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
19
Land Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21
Condition of Site Prior to Proposed Project . .
21
Impact of Proposed Project on Site . . . . . . .
Zoning Background
21
23
Other Land Use in Area . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25
Design /Visual /Aesthetic Quality and Character . . .
28
Water Supply and Quality - Pollution . . . . . . .
35
Quality and Quantity . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35
Pollution
37
Air Quality - Pollution .. . . . . . .
38
Potential Effect of the Proposed Project .
39
Noise Pollution . . . . . . . . .
43
Proposed Warehouse Development . . . . . . . . .
43
'
Construction Noise - Temporary .
44
Potential Traffic Noise - Automobile . . . . . .
45
Noise Penetration of Surrounding Areas . . . . .
46
'
Rail Traffic Noise
47
Diesel Truck Noise . . . . . ... . . . . . . . .
51
'
Waste Disposal . . . . . . . . ..
60
Solid Waste . . . . . . . . . .
60
Sewage Disposa61
Other Liquid Disposal . . . . . . . .
i
61
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i PAGE
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Pesticides and Herbicides . . . ... . . . . . . . .
63
Congestive Factors . . . . . . . . . . . .
64
Traffic Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
64
Car Traffic - Interstate 90 . .
64
1
Diesel Truck Traffic - Interstate 90 ; : : : :
66
Interchange Traffic Congestion . . . . . . . . .
68
Rail Traffic . . . .
72
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Parking Facilities . . • . . . . • . • . .
• •
74
School Impaction . . . . . . . . .
75
Spokane County Sheriff's Office ./. . . . . .
Fire Department Facilities
75
75
General Congestive Safety . . .
76
Public Utilities . . . . . . . . .
78
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Electricity
78
Gas............... .....
78
'
Telephone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
79
Housing Patterns and Effect . . . . . . . . . . .
80
Demographic Characteristics and Change . . . . . .
84
Economic Impact . . . . . . . . . .
85
Property Value - Proposed Project . . . . . . .
85
Property Value - .Surrounding Area
87
Property Taxes . . .
87
Employment
88
Income . . . . . .
88
General Summary of Categorical Impact Analysis
90
I
Topical Questions and Statements . . .
92
Summary of Any Adverse Environmental Effects Which
'
Cannot Be Avoided if the Project is Implemented.
93
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Alternatives to the Proposed Action or Project. . .
95
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Existent State
95
Commercial or Industrial Use . . . . . . . . . .
95
Residential Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . .
96
Agricultural Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
96
Open Space or Park
96
Mitigating Measures Proposed to Minimize Any Poten:
iial Adverse Impact
98
What is the Relationship Between'Local Short -Term
Uses of Man's Environment and the Maintenance
and Enhancement of Long -Term Productivity . . .
101
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PAGE
What is the Consistency of the Proposed Project
to the Presently Adopted Policies, Standards
and General Plan of the Spokane County Compre-
hensive Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Concluding Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
APPENDIX . .
. .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
105
Appendix
A
- Irvin Water District N6 . . . . .
106
Appendix
B
- Water Test Samples . . . . . . . . . .
107
Appendix
C
- Inland Power and Light . . . . . . . .
110
Appendix
D
- Notes on Noise Pollution . . . . . . .
111
Appendix
E
- County Planning Commission Records:
Zone Change Proceedings, 1962 (ZE- 32 -62) . . . .
115
Appendix
F -
County Planning Commission Records:
Zone Change Proceedings,,1972 (ZE- 50 -72) . . . .
120
Appendix
G -
Additional Pictures of Project . . . .
123
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DESCRIPTION OF THE PROPOSED PROJECT
Location and Setting
The new Roundup Company warehouse is. proposed on a site of
approximately 50+ acres in the Spokane Valley, located in Section 9,
Township 25 North, Range 44 East, at the southeast corner of Jackson
Avenue and University Road. It is bounded on the north by Jackson
'
Avenue, on the west by University Road, on the south by the Union
Pacific Railroad, and on the east by a north -south line located 1870
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feet due east from University Road.
The first map on the next page shows the general location of
the site with respect to Spokane and the Spokane Valley. The second
map (see shaded area) gives the location of the site with respect to
'
its immediate area near the main line of the Burlington Northern
Railroad (about a half mile north), the Union Pacific Railroad on the,
south boundary of the site, and Interstate 90 just a half mile south
of the site. The third map shows the streets in more detail, and
particularly the arterials (shaded). The Union Pacific trunk line at
the south edge of the property was formerly the Spokane'Iriternational
Railway.
'
The setting of this site is rather typical of land on the floor
of the Valley, and of the gravelly soil that predominates. The en-
'
tire site is presently undeveloped and is covered by a combination
of native wild grasses.and shrubs, some exotic grasses introduced
through cultivation in nearby areas, and seed grasses grown for a
few years in the northwest corner of the site. The site gently slopes
t Precipitation
to the south towards the Union Pacific tracks.
is also typical of the Spokane Valley, and
J O O O O O O O O Cpl
GENERALIZED 2 ,..• ,,t R
COMPREHENSIVE PLAN f
SPOKANE METROPOLITAN AREA
SPOKANE REGIONAL PLANNING CONFERENCE
° 1
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Location of the Site in the Spokane Valley
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Location of the Site in the Spokane Valley
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averages 14 to 17 inches per year. Although temperatures may go
below freezing at times in winter and at times up over 95 F. in
summer, the yearly average is closer to 48 Fahrenheit. More will
be said in a later section about the abundant, clean water supply
available from the groundwaters which flow westerly below the
Valley floor.
In summary, the 'location and setting of the proposed project
is on a site centrally located in the Spokane Valley, along
essential rail service and a short distance from Interstate 90.
The site is favorable to an operation of this kind, fairly level,
and its overall setting is one that lends itself to.Restricted
Industrial application.
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Notes: Location and Settin
1 Source: 0n -site inspection by staff of Haworth 6 Anderson
2 Source: Spokane Chamber of Commerce
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Description of the Project 1
The proposed project is a warehouse - office complex of about
500,000 square feet on 50+ acres. The company is a distributor of
goods to grocers, drugstores, restaurants, hospitals, nursing homes,
schools and colleges. There is no manufacturing or processing of
these roughly 18,000 items. The operation is principally a pack-
'
aging and sorting center of goods which are made at other places.
The need for the proposed new warehouse is a result of their
increased volume of business which has forced them to operate from
several scattered locations. This has become very inefficient and
inconvenient and has caused much additional traffic with trucks
and cars within the city limits, with.its attending air and noise
pollution. Still another problem has been the distance and time
'
in getting.to Interstate 90 over which many of trucks and
trailers operate.
This project will provide jobs for some 300 people, whose
work covers all facets of receiving, order selecting, shipping,
'
office management, computer controls and electronics data trans-,-
mission and receiving. It will also provide additional taxes to
'
support community needs such as police, fire protection, schools
and park development.
Present plans call for fireproof,, precast, concrete walls and
'
floors; and a wood, glue- laminated, prefabricated roof with wood
decking. The overall height, including the portion of offices on
'
a balcony level, is approximately thirty (30) feet.
On the following page is a photo of a model of the planned
project. The model illustrates not only the design of the building,
but also the landscaping with trees, lawns and shrubs. Included is
a sound and sight buffer zone or berm between the truck zone and the
street. A new well, with a 2500 gallon - per - minute pumping unit and
1
500,000 gallon waterstorage facility will supply the new project.
A new arterial road development will connect Jackson Avenue directly
with Highway I -90 at Pines Road. See map of the site on the oecond
'
page following with the proposed new arterial drawn in.
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Notes; .Description of the Project
1 Source; Roundup Company plans.and specifications
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Map the Proposed Project showing proposed new County Arterial
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Map the Proposed Project showing proposed new County Arterial
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CATEGORICAL
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ANALYSIS
The following section presents a detailed analysis on a number
of varied but very critical environmental impact categorical evaluations.
The materials used in their development were obtained through extensive
research.of all public and private agencies which had pertinent infor-
mation concerning respective environmental categories, the general
literature from each subject, the personal experience of the consultants,
and original production of data where none was available.
This section presented more specifically to answer the State of
Washington's 1971 Environmental Policy Act section, "What is the Environ-
mental Impact of the proposed action2 ".' Extensive analysis and conclusions
are presented in this section, and data and statements presented here are
critical to the following sections concerning Topical Questions and
Statements, which provide the specific basic answers to the other questions
asked by the State Legislation.
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CATEGORICAL
ENVIRONMENTAL DTACT ANALYSIS
Natural Environment
Past and Present
J
1
The site for the proposed project is roughly characteristic
of the level grassland community originally native to the Valley.
The soil is an association of prairie, grey - brown, and podzolic
soils, built upon Garrison -type gravelly and sandy loam from the
glacial outwash. Previous uses of this particular property are
not exactly known, but probably were agriculture in nature.
Most of this property was acquired by Irrigation District 1110
(now partof Consolidated Irrigation District 1119) through non -pay- .
ment of irrigation assessments and was sold to the present owner
in 1955. .Since that time only sixteen (16) acres of the northwest
section of the site has been developed in any way. This acreage
was leased to Jacklin Seed Company in 1960 who planted it in hard
fescue for seed ( Festuca ovina variety dorviuscula The company
has harvested this plot since 1960 and it has been left in this
condition.
The remaining acreage of the site has been left essentially
untouched since 1955. It has to some extent returned to its native
condition, although many of the grasses and forbs, as well as most
ofthe trees now present, are introduced species.
Flora and Fauna
�1
The plant community in the area not in hard fescue grass con -
' lists primarily of blue bunch wheat grass Bromus tectorum blue
grass Poa pratensis a native wheat grass ( Agropyron spicatum spp.
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inerme and introduced crested wheat grass (A, cristatum Abundant
forbs include three species of batchelor button ( Centaurea cyanus
maculosa and C diffusa goat's beard ( Tragopogon dubius the
thistle ( Cirsium undulatum milk weed ( Asclepius speciosa and sweet
clover ( Melilotus officinalis Trees grow along Jackson Street
bordering the property to the north. These trees are the black locust
( Robins Psuedoacacia the Norway maple (Acer patenoides the Mahaleb
cherry ( Prunus Mahaleb and the wild cherry ( Prunus emarginata Of
these only the wild cherry is native to eastern Washington. A grove
of trees along a now defunct irrigation ditch near the center of the
property consists primarily of sour cherries ( Prunus cerasus which
is another introduced species.
It is unlikely that any large, wild mammals are ever found on
the property. The Columbia ground squirrel ( Citellus columbianus
is evidently quite prevalent in the area as there are numerous indica-
tions of its excavations here. The striped skunk (Mephetis mephetis
the long - tailed weasel ( Mustela frenata the deer mouse ( Peromyscus
maniculatus the common house mouse (Mus musculus and the Norway
rat ( Rattus norvegicus may occasionally be seen on the property.
Birds which use this area to the greatest extent fall into two
general categories: the ground - nesting birds native to grasslands
in this life zone,and birds of prey likely to feed on the small rodents
and grasshoppers of the property. Most prevalent of these birds of
prey are the sparrow hawk ( Falco sparverius and the red - tailed hawk
Buteo jamaicensis Ground nesting birds most common here are the
ring- necked pheasant ( Phasianus colchicus and the western meadow
lark (Sturnella neglects the horned lark (Eremophila alpestris
the morning dove ( Zenaidura macroura and the killdeer ( Charadrius
vociferus
A more complete listing of the plants, mammals, reptiles, and
birds that frequent the Valley are shown on the next four pages.
Ground - nesting species of birds which may well be directly affected
by the warehouse construction are indicated with an asterisk in the,
list of birds shown. Tree nesting and:most migratory species will
probably not be adversely affected by the development as the present
plans include the planting of trees and shrubs along the northern
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portion of the property and certain other areas. If feed trees are
planted (i.e., mountain ash, cherry, crab apple, or even pine trees)
there may well be a greater diversity and number of birds, particularly
the migratory species, frequenting the area.
There are no endangered species which are even remotely likely
to inhabit the area. The upland plover ( Bartramia longicauda which
is becoming rare, was probably at one time found here. However, it
is now found only in the less developed areas of the Spokane Valley
to the east.
As the on -sight assessment of flora and fauna was made during
the winter months, additional information was supplied by nearby
residents, area naturalists, and the general literature dealing with
the ranges and habitats of these species of the Pacific Northwest.
Notes: Natural Environment
1 Source: Mr. C.B. Kelsey, County Agricultural Extension Service
2 Source: Jacklin Seed Company, Dishman
3 Source: On-site inspection by staff of Haworth 6 Anderson
4 Source: Mr. William Yake of staff of Haworth b Anderson
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PLANTS
Grasses: Bluegrass
Brome Grass, Cheat
Blue Hunch Wheat Grass
Crested Wheat Grass
Hard Fescue
Timothy
Red -top Grass
Tall Meadow Oat Grass
Forbs: Sweet Clover
Alfalfa
Clover
Hairy Vetch
Dandelion
Prickly Lettuce
Batchelor button
Thistle
Milkweed, Purple Top
Cincuefoil
Yarrow, Tansy
Toad Flax
Goat's.Beard
Moth Mullein
Evening Primrose
Chicory
Phlox
Balsam -root
Creeper
Wild Morning Glory
Jim Hill Mustard
Willow Herb
Blanket Flower
*Buttercup
*Granpa's Beard
*Shooting -star
*Baby's Breath
*Sunflower
Trees: Mahaleb Cherry
Sour Cherry
Wild Cherry
Black Locust
Norway Maple
Siberian Elm
Dogwood
Poa pratensis
romus tectorum
romus Sp.
Agropyron spicatum spp. inerme
Agropyron cristatum
r est uca oven var, dorivscula
7 m pr atense
Agrostis
rr enatherum elatios
Me lilotus officinalis
P•tedicago sativa
TriToFinm sp.
cta vi losa
Taraxacum vnlgare
actuca scarioTa
Centaurea diffuss
Centaurea macuT0_sa
Centaurea cyanus
Cirsium unou shim
sc epics speci sa --
Pont;il�mil ifolium v�r.
c i a mi i.o ium asp.
inaria da matica
Tragopogon Fu ius
er ascum brat aria
eno era bien nis
is orium sec xcas
Phlox caespitosa
Bnlsamorh 2a sagittata
Part enocissus inserts
onvo vu us arvensis
isym rium a tlssimum
Epilobium anion atum
ar is arias a a
anuncu us p, a errimus
eum trif orum
o ecat eon pauciflorum
it on ragma u era
e ant us ennuus
flabelliformis
lams osa
Prunus
mahaleb
Prunus
cerasus
runus
em a
To 71 ma
p oacac18
Acer pTatanoides
,Ji m , pum us
ornus sp.
# These species were not collected during the winter census, however
they are very like] Y. spring and summer plants common to the
area.
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MAMMALS
L L
Certain or Very Likely Inhabitants
Columbia Ground Squirrel
Striped Skunk
Deer Mouse
House Mouse
Norway Rat
Montane Meadow Mouse
Long- tailed Weasel
Domestic Mammals
Domestic Dog
Domestic Cat
Domestic Horse
Citellus columbianus
Mephetis mephetis
Peromyscus maniculatus
Mus muscu us
7ttus norvegicus
crotis mo ntanus
us e a 'frenata
Canis familiaris
Few catus
F.ouus caballus
Less Likely or Casual Inhabitants
Long - tailed Mouse
Western Harvest Mouse
Gapper Red - backed Mouse
Western Jumping Mouse
Northern Grasshopper Mouse
Nuttall Cottontail Rabbit
California Myotis Bat
Little Brown Myotis Bat
Big Brown Bat .
Vagrant Shrew
Northern Pocket Gopher
Badger
White - tailed Deer
Coyote
Microtus
borex vagrans
TThiomomys talpoides
Taxidea taxus
Odocoileus vlrginianus ochourus
Canis latrans
REPTILES
Casual Inhabitant
Great Basin Gopher Snake Pituophis melanoleucus desertico1g.
Inhabitants of Nearby Hills, May Occur on Property Very Rarely
Rocky Mountain Rubber Boa
Western Yellow - bellied Racer
Valley Garter Snake
Wandering Garter Snake
Charina bottle utahensis
o u er constric or mormon
T amnoph s sir a s itc
T i amnoph�s
Llegnns vagrans
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BIRDS
Status Most nrevalant. inhahit.nn +.g
R
R
R
S
R
R
S
S
M
W
R
R
R
R
R
W
R
S
S
*California Quail
-Ring- necked Pheasant
*Hungarian Partridge
*Killdeer*;'::.
*Mourning Dove
*Horned Lark
#Western Meadowlark
*Chipping Sparrow
*Savannah Sparrow
Brewer's Sparrow
Red - tailed Hawk
Sparrow Hawk
Starling
Rcd- shafted Flicker
Brewer's Blackbird
Northern Shrike
House Sparrow
House Wren
Robin
Less likely or casual inhabitants .
S
S
S
R
R
S
S
R
S
S
R
W
M
S
S
S
S
R
R
W
W
S
S
R
M
M
M
M
M
M
Common Nighthawk
Barn Swallow
Cliff Swallow
Black- billed Magpie
Common Crow
Bullock's Oriole
*Brownheaded Cowbird
American Goldfinch
*Grasshopper Sparrow
*Lark Sparrow
Oregon Junco
Tree Sparrow
White- crowned Sparro
*Song Sparrow
*Vesper Sparrow
Violet -green swallow
Rough - winged Swallow
Common Raven
Red - breasted Nuthatc
Mountain Bluebird
Bohemian Wexwina
Lophortyx cplifornicus
asienus cc c cus
Peerdix iTx
Cheradrius vociferus
ena� macroura
red mo hila al estris
b turnella neg ec a
Soi ,elpasseri.na
ash serculus san w chensis
pi�eTra - Fr - eweri
Buteo jamai nsis
Falco s arverius
t6-uxnus vu saris
oZlaaptes cafer
u�agus cyanocephalus
Lanius excubitor
riser omcT esticus
Troglodytes ae o
Tur us m gratorius
Chordeiles minor.
irA� rus ica
Petroche idon pyrrhonota
rica pica
oor� Tirachyrhynchos
Icterus bu lo�i
N,o of rus ater
piu� nus tristis
XFa=w rramus saysnnarum
C onestes grammacus
unco oreganus
�e 2 ar orea
w 7onotriche leucophys
e ospi%a melodia
oocc -cetes gramineus
Tac y of e a t a pssina
to gi opteryx rui colIA
orvizs corpx
h SItta canadensI
a is currucoiUes
Cedar Waxwing
Pock Wren
Red - winged Blackbird ,.
Evening;Grosbeak
Audubon!s Warbler 91
Orange- crowned Warbler
McGillivaray's Warbler
Wilson's Warbler
Nashville Warbler
ca! auduboni - •'
0 orornis to
wilsonia pus�a
Is
Indicates summer resident ground - nesting birds
- 16 -
BIRDS (Cont'd)
Status Less likely o r casual inhabitants
R
Downy Woodpecker
Dendrocopos dubescens
R
Hairy Woodpecker
endrocopos vi osus
S
Lewis Woodpecker
s,vn esmus lew s
W
Short -eared Owl
Asio ffi
R
Marsh Hawk
rcus cyaneus
S(M)
Ring- billed Gull
erus de warensis.
R
Rock Dove
Colimbp livia
W
Lapland Longspur
Ta c'arius apponicus
W
Snow Bunting
l iv,-Iis
R
Great Horned Owl
u o virg nianis
W
Rough- legged Hawk
Buteo lagopus
- I
�j
Notes: Flora and Fauna
J
Specific References
1. Richard, W. H., "The Distribution of Small Mammals in Relation to
the Climax Vegetation Mosaic in Eastern Washington and Northern
Idaho." Ecology Vol 41 pp. 99 -106.
2. Grasses and Legumes for Soil Conservation in the Pacific Northwest
' Agricultural Extension Service, Jewett, S.G. Birds of Washington
State.
' 3. St. John, Harold, Flora of Southeastern Washington and Adjacent
Idaho Esconda, California, (1963), 583 pages.
Gilkey, H.M. and L.J. Dennis, Handbook of Northwestern Plants Oregon
State University Book Stores, Inc., Corvallis, Oregon (1967), 505
pages.
5. Peterson, R.T. A Field Guide to Western Birds
6. Conant, R. A Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians
7. Pough, R.H., Audubon Western Bird Guide New York: 1957, 316 pages.
General References
1. ,Lyons, C. P. Trees, Shrubs and Flowers to Know in Washington J.M.
Dent and Sons, Toronto, Canada, 1956.
2. Gaines, X.M. and D. G.Swan, Weeds of Eastern Washington C.W. Hill,
Spokane, Washington, 1972, 349 pages.
3. Daubenmire, R. "Steppe Vegetation of Washington ", Washington Agricultural
Extension Service, Technical Bulletin 62 1970, 131 pages.
4. Daubeiimire, R. "Forest Vegetation of Washington," Washington Agri -
c ultur a l E xtension Service, Technica Bu 60 1968, 104 pages.
i
Interviews
1. Consolidated Irrigation District 1119
2. Jacklin Seed Co., Mr.Butch Schultz
3. Mr. Tom Rogers, Teacher, University High School
4. Mr. Warren Hall, Teacher, Lewis 6 Clark High School
5. Mr. C. B. Kelsey, County Agricultural Extension Service
i
i
' i
There appears to be no evidence of use of the subject property
itself by '.native American Indians of a bygone period. Nor is'there
any visible remains of what might have:been.a camping spot, burial
ground, or Indian artifacts.
'i
- 18 -
Site Description
Topography
The subject site is generally quite flat and slopes gently from
i
'
north to south. See the contour map, next page, for more specific
information as to the slope of the site itself. The railroad:tracks,
which border the southedge of the property, follow a depression in .
the Valley floor which comes from an easterly direction beyond Pines
Road at its intersection with Interstate 90, and then turns west and
north from the property.
'
From the property itself, the valley floor extends westerly at
about the:same elevation. However, directly north and northeasterly,
the slope'becomes steeper, with a rocky knoll directly east. One of
the major residential developments to the northeast, Mirabeau Ranch,
is separated from the subject property!by a sharp rise in the topo-
graphy.
1
Geology
From :a geological standpoint, the site is part of the lowland,
i
glacial- outwash plain upon which the Spokane River flows from its
i
source, Coeur d'Alene Lake, down to the Columbia River. Under and
I
through this highly - permeable sand and :gravel deposit flows a most
i
abundant and pure underground stream of water.It is to the ground-
'
water supply that the project will go with a well and pumping system
to furnish up to 2500 gallons -per- minute of water. It appears that
'
the ground water at the location of this well is about 80 to 90 feet
below the-valley floor. Below the glacial - outwash is the original
granite - schist bed -rock, of the pre - Tertiary period.
. '
Archaeology and History
i
There appears to be no evidence of use of the subject property
itself by '.native American Indians of a bygone period. Nor is'there
any visible remains of what might have:been.a camping spot, burial
ground, or Indian artifacts.
'i
I -
I
I
I Ih I
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. Vie•• ....�..o.....�•a^°f c.. vne, � •,v �.'` Y. � m. 'n'"•• "�..t^y -. .>_ . } ....e+.r+.un<- m.ane.]v': �.vraK..a....; :]I��` n`5 ..
a ^+�� _'� `�_ _- '_ ^`_C. ` .,I _ .L a __r.•� 1 .
a ll-
•• , ' .,.• P `.r •. u ,o ]...n+ !•a• ._• ..� C.�� u . `n, . . . a. _• �� es . .. _ .. .. f • ' - C 'a...++.0 Cuc••va.
• , • 4.•••a. • r ,e • i.lncr .• C•. •• •. �. + •e1 Vl Q•y
M•', •+[a uaY i.r . O.a..r[[ o. „u r� auk .[�[[ Ve.. i. ' On�.Y[l O .f• • 14.••.a F K'aYVl.'eV
J ... •[. .•... 1.[ i. b [[i._n. •. .. W'• G Ilia
- 19 -
Free Standing or Flowing Water 4 .
There is no surface water to be found on the site, except that
during rains or melting snow there will be the usual run -off. As a
matter of fact, the ground is sufficiently porous that it will absorb
most storm and melting snow run -offs. No gulleys or water -ways are
evident on the property at the present time.
Faulting
The Spokane area has been a relatively "quiet" zone as far as
' earthquakes are concerned. There are no known "faults" near Spokane;
the nearest are those in central Montana and in the Seattle area:
The Spokane area is considered in Zone 2, from a risk standpoint, on
a scale of Zone 0 - no damage; Zone 1 - minor damage from distant
' earthquakes; Zone 2 - moderate damage, corresponding to intensity VII
of the M. M.'scale; and Zone 3 - major damage, corresponding to in-
tensity VIII and higher on the M. M. scale. These zones are shown
on the map on the next page.
Summary
Considering the various natural aspects of the site as described
above, it has several obvious advantages as property suited for
development, and few critically adverse characteristics.
Notes: Site Description
1 Source: On -site observations by staff of Haworth 6 Anderson
2 source: ;Phillips, Cavin, Dunstan and Crosby, Spokane Valley'Groundwater
Pollution Study (Washington State University, Institute of
Technology, Division of Industrial Research, 1962).
3 Source: ;On -site observations by staff of Haworth 6 Anderson
4 Source: Jbid
S Source: ' Uniform Building Code (International Conference of Building
Officials, 1971).
0
C --
i
SEISMIC RISK MAP UNIFORM BUILDING CODE 1970 EDITION SEISMIC RISK MAP
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21 -
I
1 Land Use
' As Spokane has grown, increasing quantities of land within
the City limits have been put to urban use. The location of some
' of the industrial and commercial areas has also "shifted" and in
many cases, like people who want more open space, many of the
businesses who are able to do so find it to their advantage to
' move to the suburban areas. This is particularly true of the
Spokane Valley, along or near transportation facilities such as
I ' the railroads and freeways.
i
' Condition of Site prior to the Proposed Project
' The original or natural state of the land on the proposed site
i was probably the native grass of the valley, and not a wooded area.
With the coming of irrigation, it was then used for the normal agri-
cultural purposes that the valley supported. No records are now
available, however, to indicate exactly what crops were raised. In
! ' 1960, about 16 acres in the northwest section of.the property was
cultivated for grass seed.
' Impact of Proposed Project on the Site
The proposed development of the site will not require a great
amount of excavation or finish grading. The warehouse building, about
500,000 square feet in area, will occupy the south- center section of
the property. This portion varies only three to four feet over the
area to be occupied by the warehouse building. See contour map, next
page.
1 ' There will be some excavation for the dry wells as catch - basins
for rain -water drainage off the paved and roof areas. Also, the
' 500,000 gallon domestic water storage basin is to be underground.
The truck parking and loading zone on the north side of the warehouse
building will require some removal of top soil, but thid will furnish
' the material for the buffer zone or berm between the parking zone and
Jackson Avenue. The railroad spur into the warehouse is also to be
' about five.feet below the level of the warehouse floor.
- 23 -
I
The warehouse - office building will be physically located in the
south central part of the site. iThe original specifications also
' provide for the truck maintenance facilities to be placed near the
northwest corner of the property. Employee and visitor parking lots
' are situated along the north central area of the site, while the
truck parking and loading zones are south of this area, next to the
north side of the warehouse building. One of the safety features for
' pedestrian foot traffic is an overhead walkway from the parking lot
to the warehouse - office building.
Road access to the employee and visitor parking lot is an
entrance in approximately the north center of the site off Jackson
Avenue. The truck and service entry to the site is from the new
arterial street as it crosses diagonally over the northeast corner
of the property. There is to be no normal entry from University Road
on the west.
A complete packaged mechanical sewage- treatment facility is
to be installed in the southwest quadrant of the site, which is the
lowest part of the property. The drain field from this facility will
extend and drain off in a southwesterly direction. The installation
will conform to designs and specifications of the County Environmental
Health District.
Altogether, the altered state of the site will require the move-
ment of about 74,500 yards of top soil and gravel. None of this will.
be moved off the property, but will be used for levelling and grading
the land for its finished use, and preparing the north edge of the site
for lawns, shrubs, landscaping, and berm. There probably will be no
soil brought in, unless the buffer zone or berm requires more material
than originally planned. A contour map, showing the location of the
warehouse'-office building, berm, and other features of the development,
is included on the previous.page'.
Zoning Background
The site on which this new warehouse is proposed was zoned as
Agricultural on April 24, 1942, probably for the purpose of preventing
completely unrestricted use of the land until the exact character of
- 24 -
the area became established, just as other acreage was similarly
zoned. Thus, property that was zoned Agricultural was usually zoned
Agricultural Suburban as it was platted.into residential lots: Con-
versely, as land was planned for industrial use, a zone change to an
industrial classification became suitable.
In 1959 an application for a change in zoning for this property
from Agricultural to Manufacturing was denied because the proposal
was not in harmony with the then existing Comprehensive Plan for the
Spokane Valley, among other reasons. Between 1959 and 1961 the County
Planning Commission completed land use and neighborhood studies, as
well as other elements of the Valley's Comprehensive Land Use Plan.
An industrial corridor was at that time considered along both sides
of the railroad right -of -way from Trent Road to Pines Road. In
August, 1962, the property of which.this proposed project is a part
was requested for a zoning change from Agricultural to Restricted
Industrial.
After considerable study of alternatives to the Valley's Com-
prehensive Plan and a series of publicihearings in the fall of 1962,
the County Planning Commission recommended approval for a change in
zoning to!Restricted Industrial. The Board after holding its own
hearing concluded that there was ample unused acreage zoned Restricted
Industrial in the vicinity, and further that there was not good ar-
terial access to this property from the Freeway nor (at that time)
realistic prospects for obtaining goodiarterial access.
In 1965, the proposal was heard again, but again denied because
there was still no feasible plan.for arterial access to the property.
i
It was also noted that the then - proposed Bowdish- Indiana route while
perhaps the most feasible, would present traffic problems at the
Pines Road and Interstate 90 interchange.
Again in 1969, an application was made for an industrial,park
on this site, complete with a road network, restrictive covenants,
afid'a landscape screen along Jackson Avenue. Again the application
was denied, for substantially the same as for previous ap=
plication6. At this point it should be noted that on October 22,
i
1968, the Spokane Regional Planning Conference revised and approved
I
their Generalized Comprehensive Plan for the Spokane Metropolitan
Area and that it was recommended that an industrial corridor be set
- 25 -
IL7
'
up along the railroad tracts from Trent Road to the Pines Road and
Interstate 90 interchange and beyond.
The present proposed project again asks for a change in zoning
'
from Agricultural to Restricted Industrial. However, the developers
of this project have offered solutions to some of the problems on which
'
previous applications were denied. For instance, it is proposed to
provide a new arterial from Jackson Avenue to the intersection of
Pines Road and Interstate 90, financed by the developer. This will
enable traffic to and from the project to by -pass certain residential
areas as well as give a better access to the industrial area. The
arterial will cross the railroad tracks -on Wilbur and proceed east on
'
Indiana to the intersection. The Union Pacific Railroad has agreed
to install straffic signals at the crossing. See zoning map on next
'
two pages.
Other Land Use in the Area
Land use off -site but in the immediate areas to the north and east
'
are basically residential in nature. The specifics of these uses are in-
cluded in the section under "Housing Patterns." It should be mentioned
'
that the land to the immediate south of the property is utilized for a
very visibly blighted automobile wrecking yard. The land to the immediate
west is scattered withsmall warehouse structures and light industrial
'
plants. From an industrial or commercial land use standpoint, these other
present operations do not appear to be as well - planned, designed, and
landscaped as does the proposed Roundup project.
Notes: Land Us
'
1 Source: On -site observations by staff of Haworth & Anderson
2 Source: Jacklin Seed Company, Dishman
'
3 Source: Engineering and architectural plans of project
4 Source: Records of Spokane County Planning Commission, including
'
studies of 1962 and 1972. See Appendix.
S Source: Records of Spokane Regional Planning Conference, Oct. 22, 1968.
vi
/ 12
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- 27 -
L
t i (U) UNCLASSIFIED
o
(A) AGRICULTU);;fAL ZONE)
I IM
I
[TAN
(C)
(FC)
(AS) AGRICULTURAL—SUBURBAN ZONE.
(R-1) SINGLE FAMILY RESIDENTIAL ZONE
'Al"A
(RR) RESTRICTED RESIDENTIAL ZONE
(MFS) MULTIPLE FAMILY SURBURBAN Z NE
(RMH) RESIDENTIAL MOBILE HOME ZONE
(RO) RESIDENTIAL OFFICE ZONE
(LB) LOCAL BUSINESS ZONE
( R I ),
A V
(T)
COMMERCIAL ZONE
FREEWAY C MERCIA I L Z 0 N�Ij
RESTRICTED INDUSTRIAL ZO1
MANUFACTURING ZONE
MINING (CLASS I, II III) ZONE
TRANSIENT LIVING ZONE
- 28.-
Design /Visual /Aesthetic Quality and Character
The Roundup Company, developers of the proposed project, have
worked closely with their architectural and engineering firm to pro-
vide an aesthetically pleasing building and landscaping. Much at-
tention will be paid to plantings, sound and sight buffer zones, and
"an overall sense of attractive'design and livability that will be
more appealing than many other types of construction that are less
full maintained and groomed. " It is their "intention to earn their
welcome to the community by maintaining the facility and its services
to the best of their ability. " This includes roadway improvements,
a new arterial street, and an addition to the domestic water supply
of the Irvin Water District. See artist's sketch, next page,.for
illustration of these features.
Prior to approval for a zoning change, a landscape and site
development plan is to be submitted to the Director of the Spokane
County Planning Commission. The plan is to specify the variety,
number and location of turfed areas, trees, shrubs, and other plants;
design and specifications of parking areas and internal roadways;
access points to adjoining roads; exterior lighting and 'signing;
location and arrangements for maintenance of fire protection equip-
ment and water lines and hydrants; location and type of fences, burg-
lar "alarms, and other theft prevention apparatus; a sight and sound
i
obscuring screen or berm along and between Jackson Avenue and the
truck parking and loading zone; and other specifications not included
under the heading of visual and aesthetic design.
The'warehouse building itself,as well as the truck maintenance
building; will retain the finish of the natural concrete wall con-
struction. No artificial lighting effects will be used on the
buildings. It seems probable that because of the landscaping with
trees and shrubs, plus the raised buffer zone or berm, the trucks
and the buildings themselves will be fairly well screened from sight
and sound for,traffic on Jackson Avenue and beyond.
The architect's sketch of the east end of the north elevation of
the building is shown in the drawing on the next page. The view at
i
the top is that of the building from the truck loading and parking
level. The window area of the offices is at the left and the east
NORTH ELEVATION of OFFICE - WAREHOUSE
(East end of north elevation, offices at left, pedestrian bridge in center,
and warehouse to right)
31 -
'
end of the loading doors (with numbers above them) extend to the right
the full length of the building. Note the cross - section of the second
'
floor pedestrian walk -way which crosses over the truck roadway from the
parking lot.
'
The bottom half of the sketch is an elevation of the pedestrian
bridge from lot. The - buffer
the parking cross section of the zone, or
berm, shows the height of the berm above the ground level. It is about
'
six (6) feet above the parking lot and landscaped areas between the
berm and Jackson Avenue. It is also about eleven (11) feet above the
'
truck roadway. It will therefore obscure much of the sight and sound
of the trucks and building from Jackson Avenue and the area beyond:
t The
building as viewed from Jackson Avenue presents a low but in-
teresting profile. Shielded as it is by both a row of trees and a
berm, and although the entire structure covers a rather large area,
'
yet the design is such as to be in scale with the surrounding area. From
Jackson Avenue, the berm allows a view only of the tops of trucks and
'
building.
It is apparent from first viewing the complex that the two main
'
functions of warehousing and offices have been separated by a pedestrian
bridge to the building from the parking lot. To the left of the walkway
'
is the open glass office area. The windows are framed in dark, anodized
aluminum with gray- tinted glass. To the right of the walkway is the
molular front of the warehouse operation; with super - graphic numbers over
'
the loading doors giving interest to the warehouse facade. Along the
'
entire length of the building, the wall texture is that of the smooth,
-cast
pre concrete.
An interesting feature of the main entrance, with its glass - enclosed
'
overhead bridge, is not only the safety feature for crossing over the
truck driveway, but also the eye - catching view of the entire activities
of the truck loading area. Two additional views of the buildings and
grounds are shown on the next two pages.
1
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- 34-
Summar
The architects and engineers have drawn up a coordinated office -
warehouse -open space design with the purpose of providing not only a
functional, efficient distribution center but also a grouping of
buildings and landscaping which are aesthetically acceptable and an
improvement over the existing state of the land. Every effort has
been made to add the beauty of trees, shrubs, and green lawns in
their proper setting around the low- profile of an interestingly
designed office- warehouse building. Much attention has been paid
to providing a safer, better located arterial street, an additional
water supply for the area, and as much protection as possible from
potential noise and air pollution.
Notes: Design/Visual/Aesthetic_ Qual and Character
I Sources Plans and specifications of the Roundup Company
2 Sources Published statement by Roundup Company, October 20, 1972
3 Sources Ibid
4 Sources County Planning Commission
-35=
Water Supply and Quality - Pollution
' As was mentioned in a previous section, the proposed project
' will install its own well, to be taken over and maintained by the
Irvin Water District. The map on the next page shows the location
of the well at the northwest corner of the property, where the water
is estimated to be about 80 to 90 feet below ground level. Since
there isan abundance of groundwater, the well can be operated if
need be at its maximum pump capacity of 2500 gallons -per- minute.
Present plans call for a 500,000 gallon reservoir, entirely
below ground level and covered, from which water for fire protection
will be drawn. This storage capacity will furnish a full stream of
water into the fire sprinkler system in the warehouse - office building
for two hours. Two pumps will be installed for drawing water from
the reservoir; one will be electric motor driven, the other driven by
a diesel motor.
Quality and Quantity
Since thewarehouse operation is solely a redistribution function
(i.e., no manufacturing, no processing), the normal need for water is
quite limited. The excess capacity of the well is then turned into
the Irvin Water District's ten -inch (10 ") main on Jackson Avenue, which
will almost double the present pumping capacity of the District. Also,
this additional water flow will be entering the system at a point which
is presently low on water pressure.. This water system will provide a
substantial investment value and needed water supply for.the District.
The source for water for most of the water districts in the Valley,
as well as for the City Spokane, is the underground flow which comes
down the valley fromthe east. The Irvin Water District's water, similar
to that of Trentwood and other nearby water districts, has a chemical
analysis as shown in the Appendix. The water has a hardness of 150 to
190 parts per million, and maintains an averago temperature of 48
Fahrenheit. The coliform bacterial count is far below that allowed by
the U.S. Public Health Service for public water supplies allowed in
interstate commerce.3
E.XISZ IN lU wA I r r
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-37-
Pollution
One of the ever - present problems of waste disposal, such as sewage,
is proper treatment and disposal of the effluent. Most of the resi-
dential areas of the Valley are served only by individual septic tanks
and drainfields. In the case of the subject project, however, a pack-
aged mechanical treatment plant will be installed, together with a
drainfield for the liquid effluent. This sanitary sewage treatment
facility will of course be built under the direct supervision and stan-
dards of the Spokane County Environmental Health Department.
The system will be located in the extreme southwest section of
the property, which is the lowest point. It is about 800 feet down-
grade from the company's water well. The plant will provide both primary
and secondary treatment of the sewage waste, but will not include the
run -off from the washing of trucks and trailers in the maintenance shops.
This latter effluent will be drained into drywells. There will be
practically no phosphates or othertoxic chemicals involved in the ware-
house operation, except perhaps for some small amount of dish - washing'
soaps used in the company's employee eating facilities.
Provision has been made for storm drainage from the paved and
roof areas to go into catch basins and drywells. All of these have
capacity to contain a maximum storm of an average 20 -year period.
This storm drainage system, too, will conform to standards set up by
the Spokane County Engineer.
Notes: Water Supply and Quality - Pollution
I Source: Plans of the proposed project
2 Source: .Irvin Water District 116. See also Appendix for copy of memo
from the Board of Commissioners.
3 Source: Mr. Dennis Byram, County Health District
1
1
1
1
1
1
- 38 -
Air Quality - Pollution
The general ambient air quality in the Spokane region,
in comparison to other major metropolitan centers, can be considered
excellent. There are certain problem conditions which do exist (i.e.
Carbon Monoxide and Suspended Particulates) which can be associated
with specific causal factors.
In the case of Carbon Monoxide (CO), the chief problems
are located in the downtown Spokane sector where the highest volume
of traffic is found. CO conditions exceed federal primary ambient
air quality standards nearly half of the allowable time. These CO
problems are directly related to the vehicular traffic (and resultant
patterns and flow), in this particular location.
Suspended particulates, on the other hand, are the result
of two basic factors: (1) agricultural and natural wind blown
dusts coming from outside the Spokane Metropolitan proper area,
and blown into and across the city,.and (2) people activity, such
as driving a car on an unpaved street which then causes the creation
of dust on a dry day. Other "people activities" which'add to the
suspended particulates and consequent adverse readings are the large
number of coal and oil stoves, especially during the winter months,
and open burning and grass field burning during portions of the
spring and fall.
Specific ambient air quality data for the Spokane Valley
is not available at this time, although certain assumptions can be
made. First, potential air problems in terms of CO are most likely
minimal. 'Parcels of land located in close proximity to the I -90
freeway and other major arterials with heavy traffic flow will
undoubtedly experience higher readings CO than parcels located
further away (during certain time periods and under certain stagnant
meteorological conditions.). Second, levels of suspended particulates
may well be nearly the same as found in other sections of the metro-
politan area due to the fact that background levels will affect
most areas of the air basin in a like manner and also that there is
still a considerable amount of agricultural activity plus a large
number ofunpaved roads in the area.
Z
The proposed project site is in an area of the Spokane Valley
that is most likely not adversely affected by CO from the I -90
' freeway, as it is located nearly 1000 feet from the freeway (the
nearest straight -line to a major traffic generator). Also, the
' volume of traffic on the freeway at this point is not such as
to produce excessively high CO readings. The project site will
most likely be affected by suspended particulate activity in the
same manner as any other similar area so found in the Valley.
' Potential Effect of the Proposed Project
'
Since ambient air quality data is not,available, and since
'
- 39
The proposed project site is in an area of the Spokane Valley
that is most likely not adversely affected by CO from the I -90
' freeway, as it is located nearly 1000 feet from the freeway (the
nearest straight -line to a major traffic generator). Also, the
' volume of traffic on the freeway at this point is not such as
to produce excessively high CO readings. The project site will
most likely be affected by suspended particulate activity in the
same manner as any other similar area so found in the Valley.
' Potential Effect of the Proposed Project
'
Since ambient air quality data is not,available, and since
there are many unpredictable variables which must be considered
'
when trying to predict the effect of an action on the ambient air,
it is impossible to know this projects absolute effect on air
quality. It is, however, possible to project the total amount of
'
emissions that can be expected to be created in this area by
this proposed activity.
There are two potential sources of air pollution emissions
which will be associated with this project. These will be the diesel
'
trucks used in the conveying of warehouse grocery products to
and from points of delivery, and,also the automobiles transporting
'
the employees, salesmen, and others to'the warehouse location.' There
will be no other on -site or in -plant activities which will result
in the production of adverse air pollution emissions, with the
'
possible exception of the one railroad ;switch engine a night which
'
will add a negligible amount of diesellemissions.
is that 300
On an average busy day (24 hour period), it expected
cars will'be transporting employees, salesmen, customers, etc., to
'
the new warehouse site. From the present main warehouse location of
Roundup Company, the extra.distance that these cars will have to
'
travel isiapproximately 12 miles (again, on the average). This
additional 12 mile trip to and from the new location will result in
the following added pollution amounts being released into the.at-
'
mosphere:
i
1
' Carbon Monoxide: 420 lbs. per day
Hydrocarbons: 53 lbs. per day
' Oxides of Nitrogen: 36 lbs. per day
' Total Auto Emissions: 509 lbs. per day
The above estimated figures can be hypothesized to be those
amounts which will be added by the necessity to drive the additional
two -way mileage to the new location. It should be mentioned, however,
' that the present location of the main Roundup warehouse is very
close to the central business district (CBD) area which requires
' a number of their employees to use downtown surface streets. This
consequently adds to the downtown traffic and the already adverse
' air quality in the CBD. The movement of these vehicles from the
downtown core could potentially help in the reduction of the most
critical carbon monoxide problems.
An already existing emission factar which will be shifted
' to the new location is the emissions resulting from the operation
of the diesel trucks. In the figures following below, the basic
assumption has been made that there will be 57 diesel trucks in:
vw�
operation each day, and that each truck will, on the average,
produce 100 brake horsepower per hour. The duration of their
' operation will be approximately one hour as they leave the Pines
Road intersection to I -90, traverse to the warehouse, undergo idling
' and necessary activities at the warehouse, and finally traverse
the distance back to I -90.
' Carbon Monoxide: 70 lbs. per day
Hydrocarbons: 31 lbs. per day
' Oxides of Nitrogen: 157 lbs. per day
(For the general methodology as to how the above average figures
were arrived at, please see the footnotes at the end of the section).
-40-
' Carbon Monoxide: 420 lbs. per day
Hydrocarbons: 53 lbs. per day
' Oxides of Nitrogen: 36 lbs. per day
' Total Auto Emissions: 509 lbs. per day
The above estimated figures can be hypothesized to be those
amounts which will be added by the necessity to drive the additional
two -way mileage to the new location. It should be mentioned, however,
' that the present location of the main Roundup warehouse is very
close to the central business district (CBD) area which requires
' a number of their employees to use downtown surface streets. This
consequently adds to the downtown traffic and the already adverse
' air quality in the CBD. The movement of these vehicles from the
downtown core could potentially help in the reduction of the most
critical carbon monoxide problems.
An already existing emission factar which will be shifted
' to the new location is the emissions resulting from the operation
of the diesel trucks. In the figures following below, the basic
assumption has been made that there will be 57 diesel trucks in:
vw�
operation each day, and that each truck will, on the average,
produce 100 brake horsepower per hour. The duration of their
' operation will be approximately one hour as they leave the Pines
Road intersection to I -90, traverse to the warehouse, undergo idling
' and necessary activities at the warehouse, and finally traverse
the distance back to I -90.
' Carbon Monoxide: 70 lbs. per day
Hydrocarbons: 31 lbs. per day
' Oxides of Nitrogen: 157 lbs. per day
(For the general methodology as to how the above average figures
were arrived at, please see the footnotes at the end of the section).
' - 41 -
It is expected that the total air pollution impaction on
the particular site area where the proposed warehouse is to be
located will be the following emission levels:
' Carbon Monoxide: 490 lbs. per day
Hydrocarbons: 84 lbs. per day
' Oxide of Nitrogen: 193 lbs. per day
Total Emissions from all sources: 767 lbs. per day.
It should be pointed out that the above levels are best - estimate
' projections and are merely presented to show the absolute level of .
potential air contamination which could impact the specific site.
' These pollution amounts, in perspective of total Spokane County
daily tonnage emissions for their respective categories, would
amount to less than one -tenth of one per cent of that amount.
In final analysis, these emissions are estimated to have an
' insignificant,.if non - measurable, effect on the ambient air quality
in the warehouse site area and the Spokane Valley as a whole, and
' may help reduce by a small amount the car and truck activity in
the more heavily impacted downtown core.
Notes:
1. These estimates of'air contamination by the vehicles expected
' to be at the Roundup Warehouse development are derived from a
i
formula established by Art Hocker'of the State of California
Air Resources Board and by Anthony H. Anderson of Haworth and
Anderson. Without divulging the specific methodology, it
' relates the Hydrocarbons (Organics), Oxides of Nitrogen, and
Carbon Monoxide in grams per mile by model year as established
' by'testings of the A.R.B. to the,estimated number of total
vehicles for the proposed development and the amount of miles
' each vehicle is anticipated be driven each day. (On the
-42-
average, each of the 300 vehicles will travel an extra 12
miles each day). In order to insure accuracy, the 300 vehi-
cles are broken into model year categories based on national
sampling averages and percentages. For example, 10.8 per cent
of the 300 vehicles will be estimated to be in the 1972 -1973
model year category, 10.5 per cent in the 1971 -1972, etc.
2. Diesel truck emission estimates are derived by a formula
established by Art Hocher and Anthony H. Anderson, and
basically utilize the State of California emission test
data from 1968 to 1970 for the average diesel truck engine in
grams per brake horsepower. In turn, it was estimated how
long the trucks would be operating under what load and /or
engine speed conditions. In this case, a truck of 30 minutes
operating time under load at 150 brake horsepower, and 30 minutes
of idle time under 50 brake horsepower was used.
0
-43-
Noise Pollution
Sound, so vital a part of our existence, is growing to such disa-
greeable proportions within our environment that today it is a very
real threat. Noise is defined as "unwanted sound," "undesired sound,"
or "sound without value. " Noise, as used in this environmental impact
statement, consists of any sound -- independent of loudness -- that may
produce physiological or psychological damage and /or interfere with the
social ends of an individual or groups, ends that include all of man's
activities: communication, work, rest, recreation, and sleep.
Noise is an environmental pollutant, a waste product generated in
conjunction with the various activities of man. Noise is a form of an
energy residual, similar in context to thermal pollution, with one major
difference. Energy in the form of sound waves (acoustical pollution)
has a very short life and a rapid decay time. For.more detailed infor-
mation, see the Appendix.
Proposed Warehouse Development
It is expected that the Roundup Warehouse Development will create
little, if any, adverse noise pollution problems for the occupants of
the building and /or cause any physiological or psychological impact on
local residents adjacent to the development of Jackson Avenue or in
other surrounding areas. This conclusion is based on the evaluation
of the noise data that follows, and the most recent noise information
regarding the possible harmful effects of noise.
'The closest family dwelling units to the proposed development are
located in two areas: (1) 8 homes along Jackson Avenue, across the
street from the site, and (2) 18 Department of Housing and Urban De-
velopment "235" low income homes located at the intersection of Jackson
Avenue and Bowdish Road. This area is called Sunny Valley Acres, the
closest house of which is about 300 feet from the nearest edge of the
property, or about 1600 feet from center of Sunny Valley Acres to
center of proposed project.
Mirabeau Ranch Subdivision, at its closest point, is approximately
1400 feet from the proposed warehouse and road development proposal.
- 44 -
The Fairacres residential development at its closest point is ap-
proximately 1000 feet from the site. See map in Housing Patterns.
Construction Noise -- Temporary
Construction noise generated by the development of the site and
road system will be kept to a minimum due to the nature of the building
materials, architectural design, and the general flatness of terrain
which will reduce the amount of heavy equipment needed for preparing:
the site.
The warehouse facility has been so designed as to present a physi-
cally attractive and aesthetically appealing building complex. Pre -cast
building materials are being utilized to reduce construction time and
noise radiation to the surrounding areas. Heavy building equipment which
normally generates a noise level of 80 to 95 decibels will only be
operated for short periods of time.
Noise radiation from incoming and outgoing diesel freight trucks will
be greatly reduced by an optical noise barrier (berm) that has been de-
signed around the loading and parking zone which is located on the northern
front of the warehouse. The barrier is approximately eleven feet high,
made of compacted earth, and has the essential qualities for interposing
i
as an effective noise shield. Compacted earth has reasonable mass, will
not vibrate easily nor will it leak air through itself. The building is
so designed that all of the remaining refractive or reflective sound
paths are rather poor ones; and this will further diminish noise pene-
tration of the surrounding areas. Noise barriers or shiilds can reduce
noise levels as much as 20 decibels within 100 feet.
Residents in close proximity to the development site, such as resi-
dents on Jackson Avenue and in Sunny Valley Acres can expect some noise
impaction due to the construction phase, but this should be for only a
short period and will result in a small annoyance factor / only. The
residents of these areas should experience little adverse psychological
or physiological affects from the construction noise. The noise - radiation
properties of the construction noise are within an acceptable decibel
range in which no hearing impairment would occur.
It is also expected that all heavy equipment traffic will use the
1
- 45 -
'
major arterial road system (Interstate.90) to the site and therefore
'
avoid noise penetration of the surrounding residential areas. Further,
i
since the gradient and present road system is relatively flat, it will
be for heavy in lower
not necessary the equipment to operate gear ratios
which increase the engine revolution per minute and produces noise emis-
sions.
Roundup Company is a wholesale distributor and does not utilize
'
machinery, belt driven conveyors, or electric motors that have the capa-
bility of'generating excessive internal noise levels. Operating noise
'
levels within the building should fall well below the Federal guidelines
outlined in the Walsh- Healey Health and Safety Regulations Act and the
Occupational Safety and Health Act which governs all industries involved
'
in interstate commerce.
'
Potential Traffic Noise -- Automobile
i
'
Roundup Company will employ approximately 300 employees with stag-
gered work shifts: day shift, swing shift, and graveyard. It has been
'
estimated by the Transportation Department of the Roundup Company that
no more than 125 vehicles would be in the parking area at any-one time.
Peak inbound traffic noise will be generated intermittently between 6:00 a.m.
and 8:00 a.m. Peak outboun traffic noise will occur between 3:30 p.m.
and 4: All but a very few employees will come and go via the new
'
_pm.
arterial and Freeway. Approximately 3 employees will be coming from the
East via Trent to Pines Road and'then to the new arterial. Approximately
'
S employees willcome from the West via;Trent to University.
Since better than 95% of the new car traffic volume generated by the
relocation of the facility will enter the site via the Freeway and new
arterial access road no significant increase in noise levels is expected.
'
Higher than normal traffic noise levels can be anticipated along Jackson
Avenue, Mansfield Ave., and Wilbur Road. This will prevail for very
short periods during peak traffic hours. The construction of the new
i
'access effectively
arterial road to the site will route traffic away
from the surrounding residential, areas. There should be a limited per -
'
manent noise increase in any of the following areas: Sunny Valley Acres,
Fairacres Mobile Home Park, Fairacres or Mirabeau Ranch. Car traffic
'
noise will range between 70 and 85 decibels only during peak inbound
- 46 -
and outbound hours. Road traffic will be proceeding at a reduced speed
and this will further.reduce the noise emissions.
There will be little if any sustained car traffic noise produced
by the proposed development. Since Roundup has agreed to help finance
the construction of its own access road to the site, surrounding connector
and feeder roads will experience no marked increase in traffic volume or
increase in overall noise levels. It is possible that some local service
vehicles will use the new access road and in doing so, reduce truck traffic
on Mansfield and Wilbur Road. Consequently, some of the residential areas
will experience. less truck traffic.
Due to the physical properties of sound waves and the rapid decay
time of sound, the residents of Sunny Valley Acres and Jackson Avenue should
not experience any adverse noise that would endanger their health or general
well being. Noise levels should fall within an acceptable range with no
complaints expected by local citizens. The increased road traffic and
attendant noise pollution in the surrounding area will have little if any
significant social or economic impact on the present population clusters.
Noise Penetration of Surrounding Areas
Many of the residential areas within close proximity (2,000 feet or
less) to the proposed development site are at such great distances that the
noise impact from car, truck, or rail traffic is insignificant and should
create n& problems. Recent noise studies on the public's reaction to peak
noise near residences have shown that a level of 85 to 95 decibels must be
reached before local citizen committee activity with influential or legal
action will occur. 10 It is not expected that noise levels will reach
such a high level during the life expectancy of this development. Given
the physical characteristics of the degeneration of the intensity of
sound waves as distance to the receiver increases, excessive noise pene-
tration of existing residential areas Is practically negligible if not
non- existent.
Concerning the Mirabeau Ranch area, it is more than 1,260 feet from
the development, and only a few residents of the southeastern section of
the subdivision have line -sight noise penetration. By the time the sound
waves reach this general area, loudness of the noise will have been so
diminished, the noise level will have a negligible impact. Since the
t -47-
' Mirabeau Ranch Subdivision is slightly elevated and above the develop-
ment site, sound waves will be somewhat absorbed and refracted by the
' elevated topography. This will further diminish the impact of noise
from the site. Residents of Sunny Valley Acres and Fairacres are lo-
' cated at such a distance as to effectively negate any unacceptable noise
penetration of the area.
Residents of Jackson Avenue will experience an absolute increase in
' noise levels due to their closeness to the site, but this area in the
future is expected to become rezoned to light industrial. The housing_.,
units„are_of low - quality, =- less °th'an °$15;000:00.�They- are ^older_- ,homes
andxare- deteriorating-.- of this area should experience no more
noise than the residents of the well - traveled roads of Mansfield and
Bowdish Roads. Noise levels on these two routes are considerably higher
than on Jackson Avenue because of their heavy traffic volumes.
I' The proposed development as presently planned should not cause
noise problems in the surrounding areas in any of the following cate-
gories: hearing impairment, speech interference, task interference, or
sleep interference. There may be a small increase in regards to the
annoyance factor, but existing noise conditions have already created
and aggravated this,situation. It is anticipated that this development
' will not create nor cause a noisy environment. It will create new noise
sources within the area, but their significance is negligible.
i RaillTraffic Noise
i
Increased rail traffic noise impaction of residential areas north
and northeast of the site area is not expected, due to three intervening
variables: (1) Distance of sound receivers from noise source, (2) Noise
characteristics of diesel locomotives and, (3) Environmental factors, a
non -free field.
i
The Roundup Warehouse is designed:to hold and handle up to 16 rail
I
cars at one time. Predicted rail useage is set at a flow average of 7 to
8 cars per day. Union Pacific's'trunk: lines are adjacent to the southern
edge of the property and run east and west for the entire distance
(1,900 feet). Burlington Northern also has a set of tracks and they are
next to the Union Pacific trackage.
'
- 48
'
Present rail traffic in the area of concern is as follows:
'
Union Pacific
'
6 trains a day -- 3 each way
Average 100 cars on long -train -- one each day -- each way
30 cars on second long -train -- one each day -- each way
20 cars on third long -train -- one each day -- each way
'
Total 300 cars per day both ways
Burlington Northern
Operates 1 local each way per day with 12 - 18 cars
Union Pacific plans to build a short siding into site area in order
to provide Roundup with the necessary rail cars it needs for its inter-
state and intrastate distribution operations. Tracks into the property
will be depressed 5 feet below ground level and will extend inside the
warehouse. Switching operations will be done from 12:00 p.m. to 5:00 a.m.
'
According to the most accurate information available from Union Pacific's
Chief Engineer in Omaha, Nebraska, diesel switch engines and general pur-
pose engines produce, under maximum load conditions a noise level of-be-
tween 88 and 92 decibels (dBA).
Union Pacific will use either one of the two engines in their
'
switching operations at Roundup:
'
(1). Diesel Switch Engine (1,000 Horsepower) Unit 1075, rated
92 dBA under maximum load in fifth throttle position, at
25 feet.
(2). General Purpose Diesel Engine (1750 Horsepower) Unit 180,
rated at 90 dBA under maximum load, full throttle, at 25
feet; 82 dBA at 100 feet; and 64 dBA at 200 feet.
1
Diesel engines in use at the site will be turbo - charged (High Torque)
'
and will be baffled to reduce noise emission levels. The above engines
are manufactured by the Electromotive Division of General Motors and in-
'
corporatelnoise attenuation devices on -all engines. It should be noted
that the noise levels produced by locomotives is generally lower and less
intense than some of our home appliances and other motor vehicles such as
11
motorcycles.
1
I L.
-49 -,
' Since the switch engines will not be operating at full throttle
' and the terrain is relatively flat, noise levels should be considerably
less than 90 decibels 12
(at 25 feet) as mentioned.
We have been informed by Union Pacific officials that noise emission
studies are currently being conducted and more specific data will be
developed concerning this problem within the next several weeks.
' Based on the information supplied, the following conclusions can
be made regarding noise impaction of surrounding residential areas.
' The residential areas under consideration are. Jackson Avenue, Sunny
Valley Acres, Fairacres, Fairacres Mobil Home Park and Mirabeau Ranch
Subdivision.
Since it is impractical to conduct noise field studies in the site
' area under conditions which will be found during and after construction
and under normal operations, the following statements are predicated on
current information _about noise characteristics, sound level pressure
' decay times, and distance factors. 13
' The residents of Jackson Avenue, Sunny Valley Acres, Fairacres, and
Mirabeau Ranch Subdivision are at least 1,000 feet north of the Union
' Pacific rail lines. The degeneration and decay of noise (sound pressure
level, measured in decibels)from switching operations at the warehouse
will not cause a significant noise level increase in the aforementioned
1 areas.
Sound levels are measured at their source; thus their decibel rating
1 decreases as the distance from that source increases. Locomotive noise
will be generated as a line and point source. Given the nature of the
i
' terrain (assuming a free - field), flat and open, when the engine is under
a light load or idling, point source noise levels will decay approxi-
mately six decibels for each doubling of distance from the noise source, 14
With,a noise level rating of 80 decibels under light load conditions,
the residents of Jackson Avenue, Fairacres, Sunny Valley Acres, Fairacres
' Mobil Home Park, and Mirabeau Ranch Subdivision could experience the
following',•noise levels in their respective locations. (See the graph
on the next page.)
I �
i
POTENTIAL NOISE LEVELS
Avenue * **
Locomotive -Point Source
Track Siding SOUNDPATH))))) 00 ft. 25 ft. 50 ft. 100 ft. 200 ft. 400 ft. 800 ft. 1300 ft. * ** GROUND LEVEL
Decibels dBA . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 74 68 62 56 50 46
- ---- -- -Free Noise Field- Flat Terrain
to Fairacres * **
Locomotive -Point Source
Track Siding SOUNDPATH))))) 00 ft. 25 ft. 50 ft. 100 ft. 200 ft. 400 ft. 800 ft. 1600 ft. 2600 ft. * **
Decibels dBA . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 74 68 62 56 50 44 40
Free Noise Field -Flat Open Terrain
From Source to Sunny Valley Acres * **
Locomotive -Point Source
Track Siding SOUNDPATH))))) 00 ft. 25 ft. 50 ft.. 100 ft. 200 ft. 400 ft. 800 ft. 1800 ft. * ** i
Decibels dBA . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 74 68 62 56 50 42 L,
Free Noise Field -Flat Open Terrain
0
From Source to Fairacres Mobile Home Park * **
Locomotive -Point Source
Track Siding SOUNDPATH))))) 00 ft. 25 ft. 50 ft. 100 ft. 200 ft. 400 ft. 800 ft. 1400 ft. * **
Decibels dBA . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 74 68 62 56 50 45
Free Noise Field -Flat Open Terrain
From Source to Mirabeau Ranch Subdivision * **
Locomotive -Point Source
Track Siding SOUNDPATH))))) 00 ft. 25 ft. 50 ft. 100 ft. 200 ft. 400 ft. 800 ft. 1600 ft. 3200 ft. * **
Decibels dBA . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 74 68 62 56 50 44 38
Free Noise Field =Flat Open Terrain
Distances from noise source to residential areas are based on straight line measurements taken from County Township
maps: Section 9, Township 25 North, Range 44 East.
It should be noted that the figures used in the noise penetration
analysis are not exact noise level readings but only estimates. There
are several intervening environmental variables that would tend to de-
crease all estimates in the residential areas: reflective, refractive,
or noise absorbing objects; and noise barriers such as the depressed
railroad spur line. 15
Based on the analysis, residents of the following areas should ex-
perience little if any noise impaction from the additional rail traffic
movement at the project: Fairacres and Mirabeau Ranch Subdivision.
Noise levels in these two areas would most likely fall within a 20 to
38 decibel range. This noise level would not create a noisy environ-
ment nor would it adversely affect the residents. 16 This noise level
is within acceptable limits. Existing railcar activity is light, and
the additional demand for 7 to 8 cars per day will have a negligible
impact on the noise levels in the area.
Residents of Sunny Valley Acres, Fairacres Mobile Home Park, and
Jackson Avenue should not experience an adverse noise impaction con-
dition. Recent noise studies indicate that when potential noise re-
ceivers are at least 600 feet from the noise source, noise is no prob-
lem. 17 Residents of these areas can expect short periods of noise
levels between 30 and 46 decibels. Such levels should not disturb or
interfere with normal living activities. The maximum noise level that
any residential area would experience would not exceed 50 decibels.
Such sound pressure levels will be for short periods when rail traffic
is in the warehouse area.
Diesel Truck Noise
Roundup Warehouse utilizes Kenworth diesel truck units with Cummins
diesel engines which are rated at 88dBA underload at 35 mph at 50 feet.
Roundup currently owns and operates 47 diesel units, with the oldest
trucks being in operation since 1965 (23 units). The breakdown of the
number of vehicles and their respective ages is as follows:
- 52 -
' Diesel Truck Units
11
Number Year Horsepower Make
23 1965 250 Cummins
'
4 1966 250 Cummins
3 1968 335 Cummins
'
3 1969 335 Cummins
2 1970 335 Cummins
4 1971 335 Cummins
8 1972 335 Cummins
'
47 Total
All are stack equipped with pyrometers to avoid over - loading or
over - heating the engines. From 1968 on, all trucks are equipped with
anti - pollution devices. This includes some of the following equipment:
'
baffling devices to reduce noise pollution, anti - pollution mufflers, in-
sulated engine compartments to absorb engine noises, and turbo- chargers
to increase engine efficiency.and reduce air pollution. Roundup officials
estimate that by the time the new warehouse is occupied, all 65 model
engines and possibly 66, will have been traded in on new engines having
the latest air and noise pollution preventive equipemtnt. Tractor diesels
'
are run 7 to 8 years, and rebuilt every 3 years. Roundup also intends
to purchase 10 new Kenworth diesels in 1973. These new diesels will
have noise requirements of not more than 92 decibels under maximum load
conditions.
Noise penetration.of surrounding areas is dependent on two variables:
'
(1) amount of diesel truck traffic in the prescribed area and (2) noise
generation potentials of the truck units at peak inbound and outbound
'
truck movement periods. The total number of diesel trucks arriving and
leaving in a 24 -hour period is estimated at about 114 vehicles. Incoming
'
and outgoing traffic will be spread out during the 24 -hour period. A sur-
vey of truck traffic movements is provided on the following page. The
heaviest truck traff period is estimated to be between 2:00 a.m. and
'
7:00 a.m. with approximately 24 trucks leaving which represents about 5
t..�^
trucks per hour; and 17 trucks arriving, about 4 trucks arriving every
'
hour.
Information supplied to Haworth b Anderson regarding the noise
r properties
of the Roundup diesel trucks, estimates that the general op-
erating noise levels of their units.is between 80 and 90 decibels, under
maximum load measured at 25 feet from the center point of the roadway.
11
- 53 -
Therefore, the following statements and analysis are based on the best
available data concerning noise and diesel trucks. 18
The residential areas that will be potentially affected by diesel
truck noise are the following: Fairacres, Jackson Avenue, Sunny Valley
Acres, Fairacres Mobile Home Park, and Mirabeau Ranch Subdivision.
With a noise level rating of 84 decibels under light load at 20 mph
at 25 feet, the residents could experience the following noise levels in
their respective locations:
0
- 54 -
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'
-55-
These above estimates of noise levels are based on the sound
pressure level dissipation characteristics on flat open terrain (free
'
field). An additional chart on diesel truck peak noise levels is on the
next page. However, it should be made clear, that the noise information
on the chart is for highway truck traffic only Noise levels in the re-
'
spective residential areas beyond 600 feet from the noise source can ex-
pect lower sound pressure levels.
'
Residents of Jackson Avenue, Sunny Valley Acres, and Fairacres Mobile
Home Park could experience noise levels within the 40 to 65 decibel range.
'
This sound level will be for short periods only, during peak inbound and
outbound freight movements. Residents of Fairacres and Mirabeau Ranch
Subdivision can expect noise levels between 20 and 50 decibels. Noise
usually is no problem at such distances (over 1,000 feet), 19
'
Several planned mitigating factors will help reduce noise in the
general area of the warehouse. An 11 -foot noise barrier encloses 3 sides
of the truck parking and loading zone. Noise levels of 70 to 85 decibels
within this confined area will not be transmitted beyond the earth bar-
rier. The parking and loading zone is a non -free sound field. The 11-
'
foot barrier will partially reflect, refract, and absorb the noise being
generated'in the parking zone. Noise levels beyond the noise reduction
'
barrier should be reduced by at least 10 to 15 decibels. Truck traffic
on the new arterial will be traveling at low speed (10 to 20 mph), and
'
this will reduce noise emissions from the diesel trucks.
: The most affected residents will be those living along Mansfield
and Wilbur Road. Noise levels will increase in these areas during peak
'
traffic periods. However, the present noise level is already fairly high,
due to the close proximity of the Union Pacific and Burlington Northern
'
Railroads and the Interstate Freeway. The area in question consists mostly
of mobile homes and run - down dwelling- units. Property values are low, and
-
the landscape is physically unattractive. Noise levels are not expected
to reach a level where citizen complaints would be warranted. Noise
'
levels should fall within the 60 to 70 decibel range only during peak
traffic periods. The chart on the next page illustrates the noise levels
that must be reached before citizen action is taken. It is doubtful that
'
such levels would be reached.
The.overall assessment of the potential noise impaction of the sur-
1
En
0
C
K
n
b x ti
G !+ O
00 GO G
f9 S rt
w £ O
G O
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I 4
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e
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O
t .
w
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T
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G
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o z
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� G
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O rt
M Y
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O
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N �
W
N
10(
In
90
i
U.1
J
U
cn
J
C�
U 7c
W
a
FLAT SIECTIO
DIESEL TRUCK PEAK NOISE RANGE
OVER OPEN TERRAIN
� 1 -
I
TYPICAL j
RANGE
USUAL
R /W. LINE
38 —
AVERAGE LEVEL OF-
DIESEL TRUCKS —r6 uBA
7
n 6c
Q
z
NOISE IS. USUALLY NO PROBLEM BEYOND 600
15 20 30 40 50 60 70- 100 200 300
DISTANCE FROiNll EDGE OF PAVEMENT — IN FEET
400 600
rn
i
1
1
1
I
1 �
1
- 57-
d BA
90 -r
60 J
---- - - - - -- 70
60
50
COMPLAIN T S RARE
ACCEPTANCE
REND OF PUBLIC � L:AC1 a0FN3 i0.> P NOISE
NEAR RES,D`�`3CES
Source: Beaton, John L. and Bourget, Louis. "Can Noise Radiation From
Highways Be Reduced by Design,." Highwav Research Record Vol 232,
pages,
LOCAL COMMITEE ACTIVITY WITH
INFLUENTIAL OR LEGAL ACTION
PETITION OF
PROTEST
LETTERS OF
PROTEST
COMPLAINTS.
LIKELY
COMPLAINTS
POSSIBLE--------- __ - - - - --
-58-
' rounding residential areas is that expected noise levels should not
produce noise sound energy that is detrimental or unpleasant for the
' public at large. Much of the noise created by traffic will be of the
non - continuous type. Some nonauditory effects such as speech inter-
' ference may occur for a few residents along the new arterial, but no
harmful auditory effects are anticipated.
' Notes: Noise Pollution
1 Source: Report of the Panel on Noise Abatement "The Noise Around
' Us: Findings and Recommendations," U.S. Department of Commerce,
U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. (September, 1970)
page 6.
' 2 Haworth and Anderson. This is the consultant's opinion based upon
the analysis of noise studies and the noise factors in this section.
3 The distance figures from the center point of the warehouse to the
residential areas are estimates, and are not to be considered exact
footage figures.
4 Source: Cohen, Alexander, "Location - Design - Control of Transporation
' Noise," ASCE Journal, Volume 93 (December 1967), 80 -90.
S Decibel is the unit measure of sound. See appendix for further infor-
mation.
6 Noise levels will be higher than normal, but will not last for extended
periods.
7 This statement is based on studies performed by the Environmental Pro-
tection Agency, "Social Impact of Noise" Report No. NTID 300.11;
Document No. PB- 20674. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington,
D.C.
B This is a conclusion of Haworth and Anderson only.
9 Possible,noise levels will be below the hearing impairment level, as
reported by the Environmental Protection Agency, EPA Report No. NTID
300.7 "Effects of Noise on People," U.S.Government Printing Office,
Washington, D.C. (1972).
' 10 source: Beaton, John L. and Bourget; Louis. "Can Noise Radiation From
Highways Be Reduced by Design," Highway Research Record Vol. 232; 1 -10.
' ll See appendix for chart listing noise,levels of certain equipment, ap-
pliances and vehicles.
12 Current ',noise studies on diesel engines are based on maximum load con-
' ditions. Rail traffic in the Roundup Warehouse will not be operating
at maximum load conditions. Train speeds will be reduced, due to
several rail crossings in the area,'and the terrain is flat which de-
' creases the engine's pulling requirements. Under those conditions,
decibel ratings should be from 10 to 12 decibels lower than 92dBA.
13 See appendix for specific details on'sound and noise characteristics.
1 .
- 59 -
Notes: Noise Pollution (continued)
14 Source: Hankel, Keith M. "Sound Transmission and Absorption," Pollution
Engineering Magazine Environmental Handbook Series, pp. 7 -8. This
decrease is due primarily to the spherical spreading of energy'and to
a lesser degree air absorption of the energy.
15 Actual noise levels in these residential areas would be lower due to the
fact that noise is filtering through a non -free field.
16 Statement predicated on recent noise studies by Environmental Protection
Agency, Report No. 5500 -0072 "Physical and Psychological Effects of Noise
Pollution ", U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. (Aug. 1972)
17 Beaton and Bourget, op. cit ., pp. 1 -10.
18 See for example, Hillquist, R.K., "Objective and Subjective Measurement
of Truck Noise ", Sound and Vibration April, 1967.
19 Noise levels in these areas would be equivalent to the noise level in
an unoccupied bedroom, library or living room. (40 to 20 decibel range)
20 Source: Retlinger, M., "Noise Level Reduction of Barriers ", Noise
Control (per.) September, 1957.
- 60 -
M
Waste Disposal
Solid Waste
Generally speaking, there will be three types of solid waste
generated in this operation: 1) Paper and other waste from the office,
2) Small amounts of garbage, paper, and refuse from the employees'
eating facilities, and 3) Paper, corrugated, boards and dunnage from
incoming shipments and repacking operations.
The first two items will not constitute a major problem as far as
volume and disposability is concerned. Besides the usual waste basketd
scattered around the offices and lunch rooms, 50 gallon barrels and a
supply of large boxes will be located at various strategic places around
the warehouse. It is estimated that this type of refuse, plus sweepings
off the warehouse floors will total about 10 barrels and perhaps 10 of
the large boxes per week. These will be hauled in the company's own
trucks to the County Land Fill at Mica. The company has been assured
that this amount of refuse will not create an unusual impact on the
capacity of the County's Land Fill.
As to the third item, present plans are as follows: the company
will continue its present contract with an independent party to repair
and maintain its wooden pallets in the warehouse. This contractor will
dispose of the wood scrap from the pallets, as well as the wood used
in crating and dunnage from incoming shipments.
As to the paper and corrugated, it will be handled in one of two
ways: one is to install conveyor belts around the warehouse on which
will be placed all paper and corrugated that can be recycled. This
will be carried to a central compactor - bailer, which will automatically
compact this recyclable material into.800 lb. bales. These will then
be sold and shipped to paper mills in Washington, Oregon, California,
Canada, or Japan. It appears that there is an unlimited demand at the
present time for paper material for recycling.
If the company decides not to compact and bail its own recyclable
material, there are independent contractors, such as Waste Paper Service
Company, who will pick up the material for compacting and selling.4
1 '
61 -
Sewage Disposal
As was referred to under the section "Water - Pollution," a Smith
and Loveless Engineering system of primary and secondary sewage treat-
ment will be installed under specifications and regulations of the
Spokane County Environmental Health Department. This will be a
"packaged" plant for complete mixing, extended aeration, activated
sludge process, and effluent which is stable and also aesthetically
acceptable, particularly for dispersion through the sand and gravel
drainfield as will be used in this installation. It has been
estimated that this plant will remove 85 to 95 per cent of the
Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), 80 to 95 per cent suspended solids,
and 90 to 98 per cent of the bacteria (coliform). Provision is
being made for doubling the size of the plant at a later date if
needed.
There will be no industrial wastes to enter the system, as
this operation does no manufacturing or processing. Likewise, there
.are. little, if any, phosphates or nitrate to be treated.
Other Liquid Disposal
Rain and melted snow will flow to catch basins and dry -wells
constructed and maintained according to standards set by the County
Engineer. These will.be of a capacity to handle a "20- minute, 20-
year" storm.
There will be no industrial liquid waste from the project as
the operation is a redistribution function of products manufactured
or processed by suppliers at other locations. The small amount of
liquid waste from the truck maintenance operation will flow into
catch basins and dry - wells. In such cleanup operations, biodegradable
6
and non - phosphorus type of soap and cleaners will be used.
- 62-
Notes: Waste Disposal
l Source: County Engineer's Office. The present land -fill at Mica
has an etimated life of another 15 years. It handles
about 1000 yards of uncompacted refuse during the peak
dumping season, and 700 yards during slack season. The
Roundup operation will contribute less than one per cent
additional.
2 Source: Warehouse Manager, Roundup Company
3 Source: Ibid
4 Source: Ibid
5 Source: Smith and Loveless Engineering Company
6 Source: Warehouse Manager, Roundup Company
i�
-63-
Pesticides and Herbicides
Except for a few years after 1960; this plot of land has not
been in agricultural production or in any other use which required
the application of pesticides. Information as to the exact use of
the land is not now available, but it probably had no applications
of pesticides in those early years. After 1960, about sixteen (16)
acres in the northwest corner of the property was used for growing
grass seed, but pesticides were not used. It may be concluded that
from the present evidence, there are no residual, toxic chemicals
from the use of pesticides present in the ground surface.
The plans of the Roundup Company are for rather extensive
landscaping, including trees, shrubs, flowers, and lawn. It is
expected that little, if any, use of pesticides will be necessary;
however, their use must necessarily conform with all existing govern-
mental environmental procedures and should avoid those control elements
which are considered potentially dangerous.
Notes: Pesticides and Herbicides
'Source: Jacklin Seed Company
2 Source: Ibid
3 Source: Ibid
2
64
Congestive Factors
' In this section several primary areas will be given consideration:
Traffic Flow, Schools, Police, and Fire Department a.
' Traffic Flow
' There are two primary road systems and one major highway inter-
change through which traffic will flow to the proposed warehouse loca-
tion. The two primary road systems are (1) Valley Freeway (Interstate
90) to the Pines Road Interchange, and (2) Pines Road to the same inter-
' change. A secondary road system consisting of the new county arterial
from the Pines Road - Freeway Interchange to the site will receive medium
' to heavy traffic during peak inbound and outbound periods. The Pines
Road Interchange is approximately 1' miles east of the site. For location
of road systems, see map on next page.,
Car Traffic:- Interstate 90
It has been estimated by Roundup officials that out of the possible
300 employees that will be working at the warehouse, 292 will use the
Valley Freeway to reach their work place. Approximately 3 employees will
be'coming'from the east via Trent to Pines Road, to the new arterial; and
5 employees will come from the west via Trent to University. The move -
ment of these employees will have no noticeable impact on the connecting
and feeder routes to the development. Existing road systems can ade-
quately handle this small number of vehicles.
Assuming that about 292 employees would use the Valley Freeway as
the most practical and economical route of reaching their work place, the
beat estimate of automobiles used to transport the worker in any 24 -hour
period would range between 250 and 300 . vehicl 1 Since the work- ours
and shifts are staggered, the traffic volume increase on the Valley Free-
way will be spread out over the 24 -hours period.
It is estimated that about 125 vehicles will be using the Freeway be-
tween the hours. of 6:00 a.m. and 8:30 a.m.; and about 120 vehicles between
3:30 p.m. and 4:30 p.m. The Interstate Freeway system can adequately
handle this small increase in road traffic, and is within manageable limits.
7
WALKER - MCGO - FOLTZ - LYEPLA ARCM-ENO
- 66-
I
This small increase is not expected to create additional traffic con-
gestion on the Freeway.
Recent traffic studies by the Spokane County Engineers Office,
Traffic Department, and the Washington State Department of Highways, indi-
cate that combined east and westbound traffic passing through the western
side of the Pines Road Interchange is approximately 27,300 cars per day.
Figures were not available for individual lane traffic in both directions.
The 1970 traffic figures show that on the average 4,950 vehicles per day
were using the eastbound exit ramp the Pines Road Interchange. Using
the figures presented earlier,'of 300 additional vehicles using the Freeway
in a 24 -hour period, ramp exit car traffic will by about 6.1
per cent and highway car traffic by about 1.1 per cent.
Given the fact that this increased car traffic will be staggered
according to the three work shifts, no adverse impact is anticipated.
The small increase in Freeway car traffic is minimal and within control-
lable limits.
Diesel Truck Traffic - Interstate 90
Roundup is a wholesale distributor and will use a fleet of 57 diesel
trucks in its distributing operations. Arriving and leaving truck traffic
will be using the Freeway and the Pines Road Interchange.
The total number of diesel trucks arriving and leaving in a 24 -hour
period is estimated at about 114114 v�•4 Truck traffic will be dis-
tributed over the work day. This figure also includes service vehicles,
auto - freight, and other semi- trailer units that do business with Roundup.
A survey of truck traffic movement is provided on the following page. The
heaviest truck traffic period is between 2:00 a.m. and 7:00 a.m., with ap-
proximately 24 trucks leaving, about 4 per hour; and 17 trucks arriving,
about 3 per hour. This traffic will be during the early morning hours
when traffic is very light and congestive factors are not considered to be
significant. About the only traffic in this area will be incoming and
outgoing delivery vehicles. Truck arrivals and departures will be spread
out during each hour. It is important i to note, that between the hours
of 6:00 a.m. and 9:00 a.m. when local car and truck traffic is at a peak,
inbound and outbound truck traffic at Roundup will be at a minimum, with
a total of 13 trucks coming and going,, about 4 per hour in the 3 -hour period.
0
HOURS
1214 1A.M. 2 3 4 5 6 7 a o in 11 1 I iv V 1) a '
rn
V
i
RUUNDUY UUiHYANY
Survey of Truck Movement- Daily'Average
12 -20 -72
15
14
13
12
11
10
T
H
9
w
O
x
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
TOTAL-->
rn
V
i
RUUNDUY UUiHYANY
Survey of Truck Movement- Daily'Average
12 -20 -72
I
T
T
TR
CKS
IVING
TRU
KS LEAVING
'
I
I
i
I
I
(
�-
T - 1
I
—
1
ENV
- I
3 4 4 67
5 12
7
3 3 4 4 5
5 7 7
5 4
3
3
rn
V
i
RUUNDUY UUiHYANY
Survey of Truck Movement- Daily'Average
12 -20 -72
9F.T.10
Truck traffic between 9:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m.♦will be light. Afternoon
truck traffic will not have an appreciable impact on peak hour car traffic
between 4:00 p.m. and 6:00 p.m. A total of fourteen trucks will be
leaving and arriving during these two hours, about 7 trucks per hour. Be-
tween 6:00 p.m. and 10:00 p.m.•a total of approximately 17 trucks will be
arriving and leaving.
Truck traffic will be arriving from both the east and west and will
be using the Pines Road Interchange to arrive at the site area. Since
the truck traffic is well spread out during the day and night hours, the
traffic impaction onthe_Freeway system is not excessive. Also, truck
traffic arrivals and departures will be at.their lowest levels during
peak Freeway car traffic movements, and this should help alleviate any
additional traffic congestion that presently exists during these hours.
Interchange Traffic Congestion - Pines Road and Interstate 90
0
The most critical area of traffic congestion concerns the Pines Road
Interchange. There are several design features of this Interchange that
create traffic congestion and potential road hazards. Two -way entrance
and exit ramps off Pines Road can cause serious road accidents. Such
physical designs often confuse and misdirect tourists and drivers who
are unfamiliar with the interchange.
There are two major intersections through which traffic to and from
the warehouse would flow, as there is one major arterial.and Pines Road
leading from the development with only Pines Road crossing two intersections.
The map on the following page shows the relationship of the two inter-
sections and the interchange involved. Car and truck traffic flowing
through the interchange at Pines Road from the proposed development will
not only come from one direction; but from both east and west, with the
majority of traffic coming from the west.
In order to arrive at some reasonable conclusions regarding present
traffic flow and the increase that might be expected from the traffic in
and out of the Roundup Warehouse development, Spokane County and State of
Washington traffic counts were utilized. These percentages are based on
the latest figures available.
The figures available are for total volume of traffic flowing straight
r
New Access Arterial
North
South
I.
I�
1
o.
1 � 1
CRITICAL INTERSECTIONS AT PINES ROAD AND INTERSTATE 90 FREEWAY
fl
- 70 -
'
through the intersections in a north and south direction. Traffic counts
for right or left turns made preceding through the interchange were not
'
available. The summary of traffic flow on the next few pages shows only
the total flow, so as not to confuse the overall conclusions regarding
the impact of the Roundup development present traffic conditions. Indi-
vidual east - west and north - south lane traffic totals were unavailable.
The combined totals have been halved in order to simulate lane traffic in
both directions.
'
Roundup Traffic Generation Pattern
Number of Vehicles x Trips /Day Total'
300 Automobiles 2.0 600 '
57 Trucks 2.0' 114
1
Total Trips /Day 714
+
About 97.0 per cent of the incoming and outgoing car traffic genera-
'
ted from the development will use the new arterial access road and the '
Valley Freeway. It has been estimated that approximately 98.0 per cent
'
of the total car trips will occur at the peak a.m. and p.m. hours used in
this survey. Only 11.4 per cent, of the total truck trips will occur in
'
the a.m. peak traffic period, of which 46.2 per cent, or 6 will be inbound,
58.3 7 be
and per cent, or will outbound. Likewise 15.0 per cent of the
total truck trips are made in the afternoon, of which 64.7 per cent, or
'
11 will be inbound, and 35.3 per cent, or 6 will be outbound. Approximately
26.4 per cent of all truck traffic will occur during the peak a.m. and
'
p.m. traffic hours.
i
On the basis of the above figures, these trips are computed as a
'
per cent of the total present traffic flow at the interchange and inter-
sections. This then gives a good estimate of the impact on present
traffic flow the additional traffic from the development would create.
'
Since peak hour traffic flows were unavailable from State or County offices,
daily averages are used to compute the expected per cent increases.
t
fl
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T
(.J M
M
Ln
W
W M
-1 -7,067 -
County Access Arterial I
300
, I
1,069
i
13,650
O
M
! 13,650
4,950
y q
0 6.
w I ac
,110
V
O
� rn
O ^
15,900
PINES ROAD AND INTERSTATE 90 INTERCHANGE
Traffic Counts- Average Per Day
7,350
- 72-
Effect of Roundup Warehouse
Average Additional Percentage
Interchange 6 Intersections Traffic Flow . Roundup Increase
Eastbound land - western side
Eastbound exit - ramp - western side
Westbound entrance ramp - western side
Westbound lane- western side
Eastbound entrance ramp- eastern side
Westbound exit ramp - eastern side
East 6 westbound - western side
13,650
403
2.95
4,950
403
8.14
5,300
390
7.35
13450
403
2.95
1,110
11
0.99
1
11
1.02
combined total 27,300 806
Pines Road -north 7,910 403
Pines Road - south - beyond intersection, No effect No effect
Pines Road - north - beyond intersection No effect No effect
2.95
5.09
Inspection of the foregoing resulting traffic increases shows that the
additional total traffic flow increases are not excessive. Since the in-
cresse in total flow is small, the impact on traffic flow and congestion
is not considered unmanageable.
It should be further noted that Roundup's proposed access arterial to
the site has been designed and engineered by the Spokane County Engineering
Department to provide the safe, adequate traffic flow the County stan-
dards require for both the residents and business travelers in the area.
.See artist's sketch on next page.
Rail Traffic
South of the proposed warehouse development, and adjacent to the
southern property line are two sets of railroad trunk lines. Union Pacific
and Burlington Northern each operate one set of tracks for freight hauling.
Union Pacific freight traffic will be increased by 8 cars average a day to
the site, with projection of increases to 15 a day in the future.
1
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- 74 -
Union Pacific presently operates 6 trains a day with 3 trains
each way. The breakdown of tail traffic is as follows:
Average 100 cars on long -train -- one each day -- each way
" 30 cars on second long -train -- one each day -- each way
20 cars on third long -train -- one each day -- each way
Total 150 300 cars per day, both ways
Burlington Northern operates 1 local each way per day with 12 to
15 cars each.
The demand for rail cars for Roundup's operations will result in a
very small increase in total units now presently moving on the tracks.
The additional 16 cars per day coming and going represent a 5.3 per cent
increase in the total rail traffic movements. There will be little if
any rail traffic congestion developed by the additional number of rail
cars needed by Roundup.
It should be further mentioned, that Union Pacific has agreed to
finance and construct rail signals at the Wilbur Street crossing, because
of the increased road traffic that will be generated by the arterial.
Currently the rail crossing is not signaled; and it has been a potentially
hazardous area both for pedestrian and vehicle traffic. This major im-
provement will make the crossing a much safer and useful intersection.
Parking Facilities
The purposed warehouse development will have a functional and well -
designed parking area for visitors, employees, and service vehicles. The
current parking area facilitates smooth, rapid exit and entrance move-
ments. The number of parking units available are;-as follows: other parking
162, executive and customer parking 46, and warehouse parking 216. The
parking area is not expected to be filled to capacity. The area is large
enough to accomodate any future increase in employee population and /or
future economic growth. one additional factor of the parking area in-
cludes an elevated pedestrian walkway from the parking lot to the main
building. This will prevent pedestrian traffic from using the truck
loading zone, and will provide maximum safety and convenience for employ-
ees and visitors..
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- 75 -
School Impaction
The purposed development will have no immediate new student negative
impact on the school district within the area. Almost 100 per cent of the
employees have residences outside of the project.area, and the East Valley
School District is not expected to experience a change or increase in en-
rollment. Considering the long -range effect, it is not likely that em-
ployees would choose to move closer to their work place, for this would
mean selling and purchasing a new home, and disrupting established social
friendships, and breaking the continuity of their children's educational
training. If some Roundup families or their employees do elect to move
into the East Valley School District., the small increase should not cause
an undue burden on the school system. Because the present employees of
Roundup most likely reside outside of the East Valley School District,
the project will provide a net increase in tax revenues without a cor-
responding increase in student enrollment. (The positive economic im-
pact on the school district is outlined in greater detail in the Economic
Impact Section.) There is no recognizable adverse impact that the pur-
1
posed development will have on the East Valley School District.
Spokane County Sheriff's Office
The proposed development is anticipated to have little impact on the
Spokane County Sheriff's Office, according to Captain Edward W. Braune.
He stressed the point that no extra manpower or equipment is needed to pro-
vide patroling and surveillance activities.' Roundup will be operating
24 hours a day, so only routine day and night patroling by the County
Sheriff's personnel will be necessary. It is anticipated that Roundup
will provide safety and theft deterring equipment on -its premises, which
will potentially include an automatic Burglar Alarm System and a security
force of dndetermined size.
Fire Department Facilities
The Roundup'Warehouse development is located within the Spokane
County Fire Protection District O1. The firehouse is situated on Broadway
" 76 "
and Sullivan. In contacting Mr. James B. Kearney, Fire Marshall, he
stated that the additional service extended to Roundup would.not
require new personnel or equipment. The project may increase the
potential service load of the District, but no major capital outlays
are needed.- The Fire Marshall will have the full cooperation of
Roundup in supplying information as to fire hydrants, sprinkler
systems, warehouse inspections, and fire code regulations.
The proposed project's new well can be operated, if need be,
at its maximum pumping capacity of 2500 gallons per minute. Also,
the 500,000 gallon reservoir with its two pump systems can supply
a full stream of water into the sprinkler system in the office and
warehouse sections for two hours.
This new water system will provide the Irvin Water District
with a substantial investment value, without cost to the District's
users'. It will also improve the District's water pressure for the
area and perhaps reduce fire insurance costs. (See Appendix for
copy of memo from the Irvin Water District.) '
General Congestive Safety
At an earlier stage in the proposed project, it was planned that
the main arterial access road to and from Pines Road and the new
warehouse would be on Mansfield Avenue. There was considerable
citizen concern that Mansfield would be totally inadequate to safely
handle the increased amount of traffic, especially the large diesel
trucks. The concern centered around the access to and from Mansfield'.
Avenue and Pines Road. At this point, south bound traffic at Pines
Road would be approaching the intersection at Mansfield at a relatively
high speed, coming downhill and around a small curve. It was felt that
the slow moving diesel trucks could be involved in accidents at this
point.
Another concern was the potential danger of the moving trucks with
school children walking along Mansfield and /or waiting for school buses
at Mansfield or Pines.
In answer to their safety concerns, and in order to provide the
better direct and less disruptable access to the warehouse, the
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previously mentioned new arterial access was planned for implementation.
It is felt that this access, effectively moving dross -Pines Road
traffic to a point further south and away from Mansfield, and taking
any arterial reliance off Mansfield, solves the above two concerns
from a physical plan standpoint. Imponderable factors such as driver
mishaps, childrens' "horseplay ", etc., always provides an element of
potential safety problems in any situation where a traffic flow is
invmlved.
Notes: Congestive Factors
l In order that the number of cars tnaveling to the site is not under-
entimated,'the inflated figure.of 300 automobiles will be used.
This assumes that every employee will use his own car (one employee
per car).
Z Conclusion drawn by Haworth and Anderson from available data.
3 Traffic counts were for Pines Road and Valley Freeway Interchange only.
4 I has been further estimated that approximately 90% of the trucks, or
103, will be moving on the Freeway west of the Interchange, and
approximately 10%, or 11 trucks, will be moving to or from the
East to the Pines Road Interchange.
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' Public Utilities (Except Water and Sewer)
I
Electricity
The Roundup warehouse will receive electrical service from Inland
Power & Light Company. The electrical service will enter the site area
via underground cables at the southeast corner.of the development. Mr.
Arnold Brauff Operations Manager for Inland Power & Light p g g (see personal
letter in appendix), has stated that the power to the site will be trans-
'
mitted from either the Valley Way Substation or a proposed substation in
the design phase in the Pleasant Prairie area. In fact, they plan to have
power also available from another alternative substation in case of emer-
gency.
The electrical power will be transmitted to the site via overhead
'
cable line to the property, then going underground to the necessary
transformers. Inland Power & Light Company hopes to be.able.to remove
'
the overhead line that presently runs along the railroad tracks. As is
the present trend in locating utilities underground, this electrical
'
line service will also be underground. Exact line location and line sizes
must of necessity wait for more definite specifications. However, there will
'
be no problem in obtaining the required electric service,when needed:.
Gas
Natural gas lines are also readily available. An 8 -inch underground
'
line now exists at the corner of Bowdish Road and Jackson Avenue. Plans
call for a 6 -inch connector line from Bowdish, west down Jackson Avenue
'
and then coming into the site at the west end of the parking lot. Mr.
Robert Taylor at the Washington Water Power Company has estimated Roundup's
industrial natural gas consumption rate at 14,000,000 to 20,000,000 B.T.U.
per day. It is interesting to note, that if the Roundup property were
zoned for residential use,residential natural gas consumption would average
'
about 25,000,000 B.T.U. per day, depending on number and type of housing
units per acre. The proposed land use zone change tofi�estricted Industrial
'
would conserve natural resources, as compared to Residential zoning. The8- inch''
main line on Bowdish Road is of adequate size to serve the proposed de-
velopment.
79 -
Telephone
i
The present telephone service via the property is underground.
The Pacific Northwest Bell line comes in at the southwest corner of the
property. Exact location of the lines from outside the property cannot
be determined until more specific details are known, such as number of
lines, exchanges, and type of communication systems. It is estimated
that the project trunk facilities would handle this additional load
without adverse service problems to the other areas presently being
serviced.
0
Notes: Public Utilities
1 Source: Inland Power & Light Company, Mr. Arnold Brauff, Operations
Manager
2 Source: Washington Water Power Company, Mr. Robert Taylor, Industrial
Sales Manager
3 Source: Pacific Northwest Bell, Mrs: Mary Lu Kunze, Commercial Service
- 80 -
'
.
Housing Patterns and Effect. 1
There are three fairly compact clusters of residential developments
'
within the study area: the Sunny Valley Acres Subdivision; the Fairacres
Subdivision; and the Mirabeau Ranch Subdivision. A less compact group of
homes and a mobile home park exist along Mansfield Avenue between Bowdish
and Pines Road. Other significant land uses include a shopping center to
the west about a mile, a group of homes along Jackson and Argonne, an auto
wrecking yard at University and the Freeway, a contractor's yard at Uni-
versity and Grace, and another at Bowdish and Mansfield, an elementary school
on Pines near Trent Road, and a scattering of homes along Montgomery and
Bowdish Road.
The Mirabeau Ranch Shbdivision is located northeast of the Roundup
Warehouse. From the center point of the proposed warehouse development
'
to the approximate center of the Mirabeau Ranch Subdivision is a distance
of over 3,300 feet, measured over a slight rise which separates the two.
The Fairacres Subdivision is located approximately 1,300 feet north of the
center point of the site. Sunny Valley Acres is located 1,600 feet east
of the center point of the proposed site. Mirabeau Ranch is located on a
.low plateau and only a few residents will have a direct optical and /or
noise exposure path to the Roundup site. For a detailed graphic de-
'
scription of the areas in question, consult the map on the next page.
The majority of the residential units in the subdivisions mentioned
above are of rather recent origin and are of overall good construction,
attractive in appearance and well -kept. Homes in the Fairacres Subdivi -,
f sion
range in price from $15,000 to $30,000 and are essentially middle
income housing units. Homes in the Mirabeau Ranch development vary in
'
price from $20,000 to $40,000 and are, generally speaking, classified as
upper income homes. Sunny Valley Acres is a United States Department of
Housing and Urban Development "235" low income housing group; however,
'
these homes are quite new and add a much needed building contrast to the
'
area. Homes in this complex range in price from $17,000 to $21,000. The
for the most older
eight residential units along Jackson Avenue are, part,
low income homes, unattractive, deteriorating, and depreciating both
physically and economically at a rapid rate. Many of the homes in this
section seem to have reached their useful economic life expectancy and
1
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.,
SEC.9 T25N.R.44E
MAP OF HOUSING AREAS
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and are now at a point of diminishing returns.
The Fairacres Subdivision has not been fully developed, with approxi-
mately 35 home sites completed, with about 30 single- family residential
lots still undeveloped. The Mirabeau Ranch Subdivision is compact and
presently nearing full development on all existing land area.
Existing housing patterns will remain relatively fixed and lot vacancies
will continue to be developed in the subdivisions. No tangible change in
housing patterns is expected, due to the general trend of development of
the area to light industrial. Most Roundup employees will come from the
surrounding metropolitan area with established residence outside of the
site development project. As Roundup continues to grow and expand its
product market, some new employees or present employees may elect to move
closer to their place of work, but this will have no immediate impact.
The long -range effect on:existing housing patterns is estimated to be
minimal.
The three photographs on the next page show some of the housing
patterns and land uses at the present time. The top picture was taken
looking west over the property and shows the scattering of houses east
of the site. The second photograph was taken south of the property,
looking over the Freeway, then'over the automotive wrecking yard just
south of,the railroad tracks which lie between the yard and the site,
and then above that and a little to the right center is the site itself.
The third photograph was taken looking east along Jackson Avenue, north
of the property, just a few feet east of University Road.
Notes: Housing Patterns and Effect
l On-sight inspection by staff of Haworth and Anderson, and personal
consultation with real estate firm-of Brockman- Rothrock, Inc.
i �
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0
a
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
• � ( ✓.... 4 dr. ' _ .. .. a...
.y ✓ L
� l
- 84 -
Demographic Characteristics and Change
Roundup currently employs about 300 people. Since almost 100 per
cent of the employees for the proposed warehouse development will come
mostly from the City and the Valley, where they have their established
residence) no significant changes will result from the shift of em-
ployment. It therefore appears that the demographic information for
the area would remain practically the same as before.
Future economic growth of the firm and a subsequent increase in
employee population may create additional demand for housing and public
services in the Spokane Valley if these employees choose to live close
to their work place. However, such trends in future population char-
acteristics and increased economic growth are difficult to predict.
n
Notes: Demographic Characteristics and Change
I Source: Records of Roundup Company
i
n
Notes: Demographic Characteristics and Change
I Source: Records of Roundup Company
- 85 -
Economic Impact
Consideration of the economic impact of the proposed project
includes 1) Property values of a) the subject site, and b) the
surrounding area, 2) Property taxes, 3) Employment, and 4) Income.
Much of this, revolves around the type of zoning, and subsequent
development, that will be eventually decided upon, not only for
the subject property, but also for that of certain acreage in
the same area, particularly along the railroad right -of -ways. For
instance, the subject site,..ias well as other property along the
railroads has been proposed as most economically and practically
suited for Restricted Industrial zoning in the Generalized Compre-
hensive Plan for the area.l In the opinion of some of the
residents in the area, the subject site should remain zoned "Agri-
cultural" or "Residential. " The arguments concerning these view-
points are given below.
1) a. Property Value - Prpposed Project 3
The estimated final value of the proposed project is as
■ follows:
Land and Improvements . . . . . . . $ 500,000
' Building and Equipment. . . . . 5,500,000
Total $6,000,000
' Land improvements include, among other things, that of a new
arterial street, as pointed out in previous sections. The cost to
1 Roundup Company is estimated at $110,000. Also included in the total
value is the cost of a new water system, the net result of which will
be a valuable addition to the Irvin Water District, supplying their
' users with badly needed additional water and additional pressure.
Several suggestions have been made as to alternative uses of
' the proposed site, all of them having economic connotations. One
of the inferences has been that there is much land nearby which is
' already zoned "Restricted Industrial" which Roundup Company could use.
Much, if not most, of the acreage so zoned and appearing vacant
in this area is, on inspection, found to be small parcels, or is
held for expansion of existing firms, or is held by the railroads
for development of rail users. None appear to have all of the
J
CK-1-M
advantages for Roundup's type of operation as does the subject site.
Another suggestion has been that the subject site remain zoned
"Agricultural." The.,;history of the site is that the soil, being of
about Class III composition, is not generally suited or adaptable
for most agricultural production. It has been used lately for
the purpose of grazing, though the present grass is rather sparse.
If seems evident, judging by the closeness of the subject site
to the railroad tracks, by the unsightly view of a large automobile
wrecking yard across the tracks, and by the closeness of a con-
tractor's equipment storage yard, barns, and older housing, plus
the nearness of the Interstate 90 Freeway with its traffic noise,
that the subject property, at best, would be developed "Residential"
only for low- income housing or trailer courts. It is estimated that
the development of the 50+ acres of this site as "Residential"
might, at most, generate an additional value for tax purposes of
perhaps $4,000,000 as compared with the proposed project of $6,000,000.
It is important to note that residential use of this land would
most certainly result in a higher "service" cost to the governmental
entities involved than would proposed use as a warehouse. Demands
for such services as new school classroom space, law enforcement,
fire protection, etc. would be greater.
There remains one additional alternative, that of using the
site as "open space" for the use of the community. From an aesthetic
viewpoint, this is probably desirable. But it means that the area
residents would have to purchase the property at "fair market value"
which in'this case is the price that can be obtained for use in a
"Restricted Industrial" development.
All things considered, the subject property is very well suited
to light industrial use because of its level topography, availability
to rail and truck service, readily accessible utilities, and nearby
Interstate 90 Freeway. Thus, rezoning the property to Restricted
Industrial would have the greatest economic benefit for the property.
' - 87-
1)b.P rooerty Value- Surrounding Area
'
The present zoning of the immediate area surrounding the proposed
site is shown on the zoning map under the section entitled "Land Use:"
'
Restricted Industrial is seen within about 800 feet to the west of
the site. Single - Family and Multi- Family Resident Zoning is established
at varying distances from the site as well as for trailer housing.
Most of the land within approximately 1000 feet of the subject
property has not been used for recent residential development except
'
for low- income housing trailer courts, and older housing.
Since there is presently limited residential land use and
'
development in the immediate area (1000 feet radius) and long -
range planning calls for increased commercial and restricted
'
industrial use along both the Union Pacific - Burlington Northern
right -of -way (which goes by the south edge of the property) and
e
the main line of the Burlington Northern about a mile north of
the property,(near the north boundary of the Mirabeau Ranch housing),
it appears that housing patterns will remain fairly stable unless
'
major population increases occur in the area and /or major industry
locates in the zoned areas nearby. Thus, due to quite probable
'
increased industrial use of the land areas.along the railroad
tracks, the economic impact implies that further residential develop-
'
ment in this immediate area is an unattractive economic investment.
This does not necessarily mean that there will be an immediate
'
decrease in property values in such housing areas as the Mirabeau
Ranch. However, regardless of-whether or not the Roundup Company
'
project is completed, the long -range affect of adjacent railways
Freeways
and will be that of restricting residential development
and encouraging commercial and restricted industrial use.
1
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2) Property Taxes
'
The present millage tax for the district in which this subject
property is located is shown below, as well as the amount of tax
that 502 of true value will generate (rate times 502 of $6,000,000):
' 4) Income
' The payrolls and purchasing of supplies and other expense items
at the Valley location will not have an immediate effect on the
area around the new warehouse location. Here again, however, as
' employees move to the Valley to be closer to their work, their
- 88
Tax Recipient
Millage Amount of Tax
t State
4.818 $14,454
County 4.449 13,347
'
Library 1.205 3,615
Roads 5 000 15,000
Fire District O1 4.847 14,541
'
Schools 18.545 55,635
'
Total Tax $116,592
'
In another section entitled "Congestive Factors," it has been
estimated that there will be no immediate increase in school
children, and no immediate increase in men or equipment in the Fire
'
Protection and Sheriff's Departments.. The new arterial street
is also to be financed by the Roundup Company. Altogether, it would
'
appear that there will be a substantial increase in the tax base
of this district, with a minimum of additional public services.
1
3) Employment
'
Most of the present employees now working in the various Spokane
warehouse and office locations of Roundup Company will be commuting
'
to the new location, if and when the project is completed. The
Company's present total employment is about 300, although they estimate
'
a slight reduction if the new operation proves to be as efficient
as they hope. However, if the volume of business done by the Round-
up Company continues to expand, as they anticipate, then some addi-
'
tional hiring will be'done at the Valley location.
' 4) Income
' The payrolls and purchasing of supplies and other expense items
at the Valley location will not have an immediate effect on the
area around the new warehouse location. Here again, however, as
' employees move to the Valley to be closer to their work, their
- 89=
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incomes will be spent more in the Valley. Thus, eventually, there will
be a positive economic impact on business in the Valley.
In contrast to this, there will be a temporary negative economic
impact in areas around the present Roundup warehouses and offices in the
City, at least until another operation takes over their buildings.
Roundup plans on continuing part of their operations (Cash & Carry) in
their present location, and there have already been inquiries regarding
the future availability of their buildings which will be vacated.
In brief summary as to Economic Impact, the development of the
proposed project would lead to increased economic land values of the site
itself, as well as the immediately adjacent property; it would definitely
increase the tax base for the district, with little adverse impact or cost
to the district; the employment and income impact for the immediate future
for the area would be negligible, but has the possibility of increased
employment and income in the long -run.
Notes: Economic Impact
Source: Generalized Comprehensive Plan, Spokane Metropolitan Area, as
proposed by Spokane Regional Planning Conference, revised and
approved, October 22, 1968.
2 Source: Hearings before County Planning Commission and Board of County
Commissioners.
3 Source: Roundup Company's project plans
4 Source: Hearings, op, cit.
5 Source: On -sight inspection and evaluation of staff of Haworth & Anderson,
and consultation with staff of Broderick- Rothrock, Inc.
6 Source: Ibid.
Source: Ibid.
8 Source: Spokane County Tax Records.
9 Source: Records of Roundup Company.
0
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I General Summary of Categorical Environmental Impact Analysis
' The various categories of environmental areas covered in this
' section of the Impact Statement can be briefly summarized under two
headings:
1) Natural Environment - i.e., physical or natural setting:"':
2) Man-Made Environment - i.e., social, economic, aesthetic
These two headings may seem oversimplified but they do point
a up the interaction between man and man, and between man and his
natural environment. In the case of the project proposed by the
Roundup Company for the new office - warehouse development in.the
Spokane Valley, the following comments are significant:
1) The impact on the physical or natural environment seems
to this study to be minimal - - both positive and negative. The
use of the land at the site from an agricultural standpoint seems
to be neither practical or economical; in fact, it is not being
used for any significant purpose at the moment, gradually growing
up in natural grasses, weeds and brush.
The positive impact of the completed project would be the
landscaping of open spaces into trees, shrubs, lawn and flowers.
2) The impact on man's social, economic, and aesthetic
environment appears to be balanced in favor of the positive,
recognizing that there are also some negative or undesirable
aspects resulting from the implementation of the project. These
' negative impacts, however, are to be counteracted in several ways
by positive measures in the plans for the development.
' One of the important positive steps is in the nature of the
design of the buildings and grounds, to give an appearance as
aesthetically pleasing as possible. Another is the improvement in
traffic patterns in the area, diverting heavy traffic away from
1
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- 90
I General Summary of Categorical Environmental Impact Analysis
' The various categories of environmental areas covered in this
' section of the Impact Statement can be briefly summarized under two
headings:
1) Natural Environment - i.e., physical or natural setting:"':
2) Man-Made Environment - i.e., social, economic, aesthetic
These two headings may seem oversimplified but they do point
a up the interaction between man and man, and between man and his
natural environment. In the case of the project proposed by the
Roundup Company for the new office - warehouse development in.the
Spokane Valley, the following comments are significant:
1) The impact on the physical or natural environment seems
to this study to be minimal - - both positive and negative. The
use of the land at the site from an agricultural standpoint seems
to be neither practical or economical; in fact, it is not being
used for any significant purpose at the moment, gradually growing
up in natural grasses, weeds and brush.
The positive impact of the completed project would be the
landscaping of open spaces into trees, shrubs, lawn and flowers.
2) The impact on man's social, economic, and aesthetic
environment appears to be balanced in favor of the positive,
recognizing that there are also some negative or undesirable
aspects resulting from the implementation of the project. These
' negative impacts, however, are to be counteracted in several ways
by positive measures in the plans for the development.
' One of the important positive steps is in the nature of the
design of the buildings and grounds, to give an appearance as
aesthetically pleasing as possible. Another is the improvement in
traffic patterns in the area, diverting heavy traffic away from
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the residential areas by means of a new arterial road. And again,
• positive constructive addition to the immediate area, both from
• practical as well as economic standpoint, is the new water system.
Finally, the completed project supplies the district with a very
substantial increase in tax base, benefiting such sectors of public
services as schools, libraries, fire district, and police services.
The negative aspect falls in the realm of potential impact to
man's well -being from air and noise pollution, traffic congestion,
and a questionable drain on public utilities, i.e., electricity,
gas, telephones.
The economic impact has several aides to it, concerned as it
is with the most beneficial use of not only this site but other
property along the railroads and near the Freeway. This is in
contrast to the potential decrease in property values in the nearby
residential areas (which perhaps should never have been developed
in this area in the first place, i.e., near railroads, etc.) and /or
the overall economic development of the entire Spokane Valley as
covered by the Generalized Comprehensive Plan of the Spokane
Regional Planning Conference.
While the total environmental situation must be taken into
c—c-sideration in coming to a final decision with respect to this
proposed project, the objective analysis must also be examined in
its separate parts; this has been done in the previous section
entitled "CATEGORICAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ANALYSIS." This type of
categorical analysis then becomes the foundation for answering the
questions in the following section entitled "TOPICAL QUESTIONS AND
STATEMENT."
- 92 -
I
0
TOPICAL QUESTIONS AND STATEMENTS
The following section is a composite of the specific questions
asked by the State of Washington Environmental Policy Act of 1971, and
relate to those specific issues which the County of Spokane should con-
sider in it's overall environmental review of a project. The answers to
each of these are in summary form and brief due to the fact that the
detailed information and data that is relevant to each is found in the
preceding section, the Categorical Environmental Impact Analysis.
9
I - 93
O Summary of any adverse environmental effects which cannot be avoided if
the proposal is implemented.
1. There will be a disruption of existing flora and fauna. However,
since there is vacantland on the sdies of the development, most of the
wild life will find sanctuary there.
2. The present land contours will be reshaped through grading, but be-
cause the terrain is relatively flat, the disruption of the surface land
will be minimum.
1 3. The natural state or agricultural use of the land will be altered,
1 to light industrial land use. If the land area is ever returned back to
its natural state (i.e. agricultural use), the land preparation will not
' be extensive because of the flat terrain and limited disruption of the soil.
4. There will be a minimal, but necessary increased demand on public
utilities and services.
5. There will be the generation of 1 to 8 per cent more traffic flow
at certain nearby arterial intersections, and 3 per cent increase in
traffic flow on the Valley Freeway.
6. Noise levels in surrounding residential areas will increase above
present levels during peak inbound and outbound car, truck movements.
7. There will be increased road and pedestrian hazards caused by the
introduction of more than the existant vehicles (car, truck and trains)
' in the area. This will be minimized by better traffic control features,
especially at the Railroad crossing at Wilbur Road.
8. There may be a very nominal discharge of emidsions into the atmos-
phere by vehicles operated by employees of the development. The total
1' effect in each pollutant category, given the worst conditions, will be
approximately 490 lbs. of carbon monoxide per day, 84 lbs. of hydrocarbon,
and 193 lbs. oxide of nitrogen per day. This is not an excessive amount
of pollutantfor.:a vehicule:oriented development.
94 -
9. Although the sewage treatment plant designed for the development
will adequately treat the liquid waste products, some of the released
water in the drain field may contain certain small amounts of untreated
wastes, such as negligible portions of phosphates and nitrates.
10. A greater volume of solid waste will be developed than if the land
were to remain in its natural state.
11. There will be as increased use of financial resources and men and
equipment that could have been used for other projects.
12. The proposed change in the land use to light industrial will have
a dampening effect on residential housing development in the area.
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1 1 - 95 -
11 Alternatives to the Proposed Action or Project:
11 There are several other possible alternative uses that might be
11 developed on this site. These are:
1. Leave in the existent state.
11 2. Develop another commercial or industrial use.
3. Develop into a residential use.
4. Develop into an agricultural use.
l� 5. Open space or parks.
I' Existent State
1 �
One quite obvious alternative is to leave the site in its present
state. As compared to the present state, the economic benefit which will
be derived from the proposed project are quite substantial. Also,
there are a number of physical upgrading factors, such as the addition to
the Irvin Water District pumping capacity, the new County arterial access
road with a controlled rail crossing, and the potential speeding up of
the improvement schedule for the Pines Road - I -90 interchange which are of
'
substantial community benefits. From a physical aesthetic standpoint, many X
people would say that leaving it in its present state would be desirable
t to
any improvement. However, this particular project has taken into con-
e
sideration strong architectural design and aesthetic improvement points
'
which would have many individuals agreeing that this will be an improvement
over the present state. This latter point of physical aesthetics is,quite
'
obviously, a matter of personal taste.
Commercial or Industrial Use
Whili from a strict revenue standpoint to the County and the property
owner, an activity such as a major commercial center or large industrial
or manufacturing (of some "heavy" nature, such as an oil refinery, lumber
'
mill, etc.) would seem to be a logical alternative, other factors such as
inappropriate location, lack of existing demand for such facilities, and
'
relative incompatibility with adjacent present agricultural, residential,
light industry
and other uses would suggest that this type of use (or uses)
would not be appropriate or needed at the present time. It should also be
96
' noted that the site area has been tentatively zoned for light industrial use
' in the Generalized Comprehensive Plan for the metropolitan area and not for
' commercial or heavy industry.
r
i� Residential Use
An alternative use for any land area is to turn it into a housing
J ' project or subdivision. Since the future planned land use of this area
is for light industrial use, residential developments would be inconsistent
with the overall objectives and goals of the Regional Comprehensive Plan.
The site area borders the Union Pacific and Burlington Northern truck
lines and is also relatively close to the Valley Freeway, and a car wrecking
yard. The site area does not appear to be a potentially attractive residential
land area, due to the close proximity to there aforementioned uses.
If this land were to be put into residential use, it is likely that.
the overall economic, aesthetic, social and physical environmental impact
would be more severe.
Agricultural Use
Although the present land is zoned for agricultural use, the topsoil
is considered third class soil which is not highly suitable for agricultural
use. Past'hisfory of land development in the area indicates that it has
not been economically feasible to use this type of land for agricultural
purposes. Irrigation water is not available for seasonal growth cycles and
the nutrient value of the soil is of marginal quality. These various
factors seem to indicate that using this area for agricultural use would be
a poor investment of physical and economic resources.
Open Space or Park
While most land would be desirable as either open space or park lands,
economics dictate that communities set priorities on what land areas should
be set aside for this purpose in a manner affordable by the community. In
this instance, the County Recreation Plan Element has not set aside land in
this area for these purposes. Even though this is the case, this type of
use could be potentially possible if the County of Spokane were willing to
pay the cost for the market value of the land.
-97-
This would seem to be an unfeasible economic move due to the
fact
that a parks program would require a cost (purchase, development,
and
upkeep) while the programmed development will supposedly provide
economic
benefits to the County. Also, at the present time, there are two
existing
1
County rparks very near the proposed site area: the Mirabeau Park
and the
Valley Mission Park. The new Spokane Zoo is located in this immediate
vicinity, too.
i
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1
I
Mitigating Measures Proposed to Minimize Any Potential Adverse Impact:
'
If the project were to be adopted as proposed, there are certain
categorical areas where potential adverse impact could occur. The following
'
measures are 'presented as possible mitigating suggestions to help in the
1
planning and implementation of this project.
* Careful consideration should be paid to the natural flora and fauna
'
during grading and construction so as to assist in saving as much
natural growth as possible. Equipment and vehicle traffic on the
'
land site should be kept to a minimum so as to prevent additional
scarring of land surface.
'
* Careful attention should be paid to the planning and placing of the
landscaping. If possible, strategic placing of trees and shrubs
would aid the aesthetic value of screening out freight loading and
'
truck parking zone.
* It'is recommended that the water supply source (well) be moved in an
'
easterly direction away from the service and maintenance building.
Possible contamination of the domestic water supply may occur from
'
the infiltration and seepage of residual diesel oil fuels and waste
water from the truck service area into the ground water..
* The Roundup Company plans to eventually replace all its older diesel
truck units with newer units which incorporate and meet existing air
quality and noise emission standards.' It has to date replaced.10 of
its older units with engines that include the latest anti - pollution
devices.' This policy should be continued.
'
* It is recommended that the Pines Road interchange be considered for
possible design changes, regardless of whether this development occurs
'
or not. The two -way exit and entrance ramps should be eliminated for
greater operational efficiency and safety.
'
* Care should be exercised during grading and construction to minimize
all dust (suspended particulates) escaping into the atmosphere.
'
* A detailed map of the location of fire hydrants should be given to
the Fire District together information
with on the maintenance program
proposed for these hydrants.
1
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- 99 -
* All attempts possible should be made to keep construction noise at a
minimum.
* It is recommended that only "safe ".garden and household type pesti-
cides and herbicides be utilized on thee.landscaped' area of the de-
velopment.
* It is also strongly recommended that Roundup officials insist that their
employees only use the new access arterial when arriving and leaving
their place of work. This should also apply to all service vehicles
and truck traffic.
* It is suggested that truck departures and arrivals not be allowed
during peak local car traffic movements between 7:15 a.m. and 8:30 a.m.
This would minimize any further traffic congestion on the Pines
Road InterchagBe during the morning hours.
* It is further recommended that between the peak afternoon traffic hours
of 5:00 p.m. and 6:00 p.m., no incoming truck traffic be permitted
to use the eastbound entrance ramp of the Interstate Freeway at Pines
Road. This would facilitate a smoother and less congested flow of
car traffic coming into the interchange from City of Spokane, during the
peak afternoon traffic period.
1
100 -
a
groups.
Disruption of the existing flora and fauna of the site, with the
consequent introduction of new species of flora.
I
j� The long -term productivity of this project, a concept which is very
{� difficult to relate to short -term uses, might have as a partial list the
j following items:
i * Providing a new, modern and efficient warehouse for long -term em-
ployment; and increased economic returns.
I
* Developing a potentially more visually attractive site area than
the present flat and undeveloped grass land.
E , * Supporting the long -term growth in wholesale distributing, which is
' an integral secondary economic activity in Spokane County.
* With the increased mechanization and reduction of hand labor, the
new warehouse provides an orderly and efficient way to train and
upgrade warehouse employees to better and satisfying employment.
t1
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a
What is the relationship between local short -term uses of man's en-
vironment and the maintenance and enhancement of long -term productivity?
The short -term uses of man's environment which are potentially
j
involved in the new warehouse development are summarized as follows:
The use of public utilities, both in terms of availability (i.e.
{
electric power, natural gas and water supply), but also in terms
1� of unused line or systems capacity (i.e. added solid waste, etc.).
* The use of air by the employees' cars and the warehouse trucks.
* Utilization of the land area for a use different than that of the
i
existing state, that of an open, undeveloped parcel.
The utilization of the men and equipment to build this project.
This is a short -term opportunity cost "relative to their potential
1
availability for other projects ".
* The use of financial measures to construct this project. This
involves the use of the various services and facilitiessin the
community which might otherwise be unused or available to other
groups.
Disruption of the existing flora and fauna of the site, with the
consequent introduction of new species of flora.
I
j� The long -term productivity of this project, a concept which is very
{� difficult to relate to short -term uses, might have as a partial list the
j following items:
i * Providing a new, modern and efficient warehouse for long -term em-
ployment; and increased economic returns.
I
* Developing a potentially more visually attractive site area than
the present flat and undeveloped grass land.
E , * Supporting the long -term growth in wholesale distributing, which is
' an integral secondary economic activity in Spokane County.
* With the increased mechanization and reduction of hand labor, the
new warehouse provides an orderly and efficient way to train and
upgrade warehouse employees to better and satisfying employment.
t1
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a
Are there any irreversible environmental changes which would be in-
volved in the proposed action should it be implemented?
a
Placed in the perspective of a long -range time frame, there is no
commitment of resources that is either irreplaceable or irreversible.
In a shorter time frame (i.e. the life expectancy of this particular
project of the Roundup warehouse) there is the commitment of land re-
source and other aspects of the physical environment.
a Concerning
the land, the present state - the 50.4 acres - will be
changed from a relatively unproductive agricultural use to a more viable
light industrial use. With the change from "natural state to a useful
a
state", there will also be changes in respect to the soils and some
basic topographical substances.
Obviously, some of the existent flora will be removed, and some of
the existent fauna (i.e. gophers, field mice, etc.) will move to other
adjacent fields. In both cases, it is questionable as to whether any
.
irreversible harm will come from this replacement or movement. The species
of flora and fauna found on this land area appear to be quite common to
the Spokane Valley and are found in large numbers elsewhere, as well as
immediately adjacent to the site. There have been no endangered species
identified as indigenous to this area.
Water and aid are utilized daily by the people who will work at
this plant. However, through the life cycle processes and with proper
re- cycling, those resources are made available for use again.
The form which this short -term commitment of the Roundup Warehouse
project proposes to take will possibly detract from the open space
'
quality of the land in the area. However it will substantially add to
the aesthetic quality in relationship to other potential industrial,
'
commercial and /or residential areas and to its return to a more productive
use than is presently existent.
1
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I - 102 -
a What is the consistency of the proposed project to the presently adopted
policies, standards, and general plans of the Spokane County Compre-
hensive Plan?
1
General Plan Policy
The County of Spokane adopted a Comprehensive Plan, as amended
a
March 26, 1970, which is incorporated with the Regional Comprehensive
27, 1968.
Plan last revised and approved October
The County Plan includes a land use element, a neighborhood and
community plan, a circulation element, and a recreation element.
Augmenting this document is the Zoning Ordinance of Spokane,County.
The development site area is presently zoned for agricultural use.
In the Generalized Comprehensive Plan for the Spokane Metropolitan Area,
the development area is shown as a future location for light industrial
development. The Spokane County Comprehensive Plan specifies that in-
dustrial areas should be considered in respect to level land with good
drainage; land which is not broken up by many ownerships or other uses;
easy access to transportation - primarily rail and highways; availability
of power, water and sewage disposal; and immediate or potential labor
supply, and proximity to market.
n This
proposed project has been planned to meet the policies and
Ii
standards of the County planning document as well as to augment and en-
hance the economic livelihood and wellbeing of the general populace of
Spokane Counpy. The location has been carefully thought out to reduce
traffic impaction to a minimal level, to help reduce noise pollution, and
at the same time produce a better finished product at an increased economic
'
return to the County and its citizens.
The proposed warehouse development is consistent with the existing
County Comprehensive Plan and the Generalized Comprehensive Plan of the
'
Spokane Metropolitan Area, and ih an orderly, compatible use of the land.
1
- 103 -
CONCLUDING STATEMENT
0
In the final environmental analysis of this proposed Roundup
Warehouse, one must look at the total environmental picture which
includes not only the effect on the physical, biotic environment,
but
also that of the abiotic, non - physical arenas - the social,
economic and aesthetic factors.
There are environmental categories of this development which will
be disturbed, such as the flora and fauna, the natural, or rather more
accurately, the present undeveloped grassland, the small increased
demand in utilities and services, and the need and use of air and
water resources. There are also other factors which must be considered,
in terms of the potential economic benefit of this particular project,
the new arterial access road, and the adequacy of this development
proposal relative to other alternative uses.
The project's potential adverse conditions, such as increased
diesel truck air pollution emissions must be equally considered with
the positive aspects of the projects new water supply facility.
In any case, an environmental impact analysis such as this should
be utilitzed to view the whole picture of the project, its effect,
the context of what it,will mean, and the overall setting of the area
in which it is to be placed. The preceeding objective analysis has
attempted to present this "total environmental picture," and it is
recommended that consideration be given to all environmental categories
and interactions, not just one or two areas to the exclusion of the
rest.
Roundup Company is aware of the various potential problem areas
which exist and have given recognization to the fact that various
steps have and will be taken to minimize potential adverse effects.
Overall, this development appears to be well - balanced and more than
adequately planned. The potential environmental effects which this
development.faces is not at all unique to the Spokane Valley region.
In conclusion, it appears that if development of some type is
'
desired and will be allowed in the Spokane Valley, this project has
many less harmful
overall environmental effects than alternative,
possibly more unappropriate, uses. The many benefits to the County
0
a o
a and to the residents of the area in terms of increased tax revenues,
and greater service potentials, offset the mostly minor adverse and
potentially adverse problems. Given the implementation of measures
a to minimize the already difficult traffic congestion during certain
hours, this project should be duly considered as being appropriate
for this area. in final perspective, and considering all factors,
it appears not to be unduly harmful,and is in fact favorable, to
the environment.
Man living and in the above case working in his environment has
historically caused a compromise of the "natural" non -man order of
the physical, biotic and abiotic world. As man has become more aware
of how his activities affect the order of life and this "natural"
world, improvements in the environment have been occuring. The total
environment is an interfacing, interacting entity, with man playing .
a role within this dynamically changing stage. As long as man is a
part of this total, and as long as he is in need of activities to
sustain himself, there will hopefully be the continual evaluation of
whether certain activities should occur, and if they should, where
and how they should take place.
This Roundup warehouse project is an activity and project of
man, proposed to take place in an area of the environment presently
used and altered by man, and projected (by man) to be used in the
future. The continued use of this land and environment, especially
in a form to minimize potential adverse effects, seems much more.
' appropriate than forcing this activity of man to find a more environ-
mentally unfavorable location.
i
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A
P
P
E
N
D
I
X
i.
r
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- 106 -
APPENDIX A
The following are facts concerning the proposed annexation and
its effect on the Irvin Water District.
Roundup Grocery will furnish and install a well or wells and
pumping equipment to supply 2500 gallons per minute. This will almost
double the pumping capacity of the district. This operation will be
entering at a point which is presently low on pressure.
Roundup will pay the entire costs of annexation and improvement
and then turn the pumping plant over to the district for operation.
Due to the recent growth in the district, this additional well
and pump were part of the long range program for the district.
Board of Commissioners
IRVIN WATER DISTRICT #6
WATER SAMPLE INF)kUiATION FOR CNEMICAL ANALYSES - 107 -
Sl'SiF' ?I I, D, NIRINF.R ,
EEL=
(Slot )
l mg /1
6,00
(.
3 Bicarbonate
APPENDIX B -1
l mg /1
202,52
2 mc /1
3,32
Aluminum
(Al)
SYSTEM 1,VIF.
(CO))
-
COUNTY
oln:TY Nn.
COLLECTED DY
Arvin Water
Dist. 6
Spokane
3 12
1 Byram
DATE COLLECTED
TIME COLLECTED
i
pin
DATE LAST SAMPLE
TAKEN npmp DFAUCET 0MIER (Spaelfe)
Sulfate
( IT
11.6
FROM STOMCE TANK t1YDMr?
SOURCE
(Name) QUA
EXwELL No.1 QaTI¢R (Specify)
SAMPLE COLLECTED FROM PUBLIC WATER SYSTEM AT
NEk NE'k NW'k 9 -25 -44
S'fMEAN
Sulfite
SPRING
NW Corner Fredrick & Bowdifj'j.)
FIELD pit
7FNPEMTURL
ALKALINITY
TIIIS WATER IS O FILTERED
REMARKS
TESTS
Chloride
(Cl)
,Z3DNTREATED O orim PREATNENf
SEND REPORT TO:
Spokane County Health District
North 819 Jefferson Street
Spokane Washington 99201
(City) g P
State of Washington
Department of Social and Dcalth Services
DIVISION OF HEALTH
Smith Tower Seattle, Washington 98104
Silica
(Slot )
l mg /1
6,00
a we /1
3 Bicarbonate
(HCO3)
l mg /1
202,52
2 mc /1
3,32
Aluminum
(Al)
Carbonate
(CO))
-
Iron
(Fe)
,02
)trnpn..Ae
pin
.015
Sulfate
( IT
11.6
.2
Sulfite
(SO))
Chloride
(Cl)
None
Calciva
(Ca)
31.2
1.56
Fluoride
(F)
.143
.08
Negne atom
(H P)
25,75
2.11
Nitrate (103) as Nitrogen (N)
1.66
.12
Sodium
(N.)
3
,17
Nitrite (NO as Nitrogen (N)
,014
Potassium
(17
1.88
.05
Phosphate
(POs)
.045
TOTAL
3.89
TOTAL
3.76
Mr /1
pit. Lab
7.1
a.prud.d Solidi
,e wen neeanea
(Xicromho A /cn, 2Y C)
256
Dissolved Solids
— Y'oto — So
Turbidity (JTD )
5
4 Total Solids
122
Celor (unit&)
5
Total Ilardncea
(CaW))
184
Odor (chre&hold dilution factor)
None
Alkalinity
(CaW))
16
Taste (threshold dilution factor)
4 Noncarbonate hardness
(Ca00))
118
4 Free 001 (.g /I)
34.0
4 Cale Ape hardness
(C.(03)
78
4 NApnealem hard ... •
(C&OD))
106
'
4 Calculated hardness
'(CaW))
184
DATB RECEIV):0
8 -3 -71
DATE QUIPLIJED
sm
8 -4 -71
JCCKPLETKD BY
JS
OW DS
LAB NO.
)0)= 164
1
. ' mg /1 . ppu (parts per million)
2 ma /1 . spa (equivalents per million)
HEA -TWA (R-1) "I. 3 convo ted to OOi when calculating total solids
' 4 Calculated values ..
WATER SAMPLE INFORMATION'FOR CHEMICAL ANALYSES - 108 -
tiV.%T'141 T.D. NIRIBER
3
6
1 0
5
0
O:CO3)
APPENDIX B -2
SYSTEM NAME
Altaeir.
COUNTY
ole:TV FO-
COLLECTED BY
Irvin Water Dist.
# 6
Spokane
3 2
Dennie L. Byram
DATE COLLECTED
TIME COLLECTED
DATE UST SAMPLE
TAKEN OrtrF O rtucrr O on¢a (5vacifl
9 -22 -71
3:45
"''"g
FROM 0STOMCETANK 0RYDPANT
SOURCE
(Name) OIwKE
�
®WELL lr 2 OOTNER (Specify)NE'
SAHPLG COLLECTED FROM PUBLIC WATER SYSTEM AT
SE_' SFi'!. NW 9-25-4
(so. )
15.6
SW Corner Jackson of Bowdish
SPRING
FIELD PH TDIPERATORE
ALKALINITY
THIS WATER IS O rILTERED
REMARKS
TESTS
0VNfREATCD 0 arNat YRLATNENr
SEND REPORT Tot
Spokane Count Health District
North 819 Jefferson Street
Spokane, Washington 99201
(city) E P
State of Washington
Department of Social and Health Services
DIVISION OF HEA1.T11
Smith Tower Seattle, Washington 98104
) mE /1 Z me /1 l mg /1
Silica
(Sio> )
3,00
3 Bicarbonate
O:CO3)
251.32
2 mc /1
4.12
Altaeir.
(A 1)
Carbonate
(COs)
Iran
(Fc)
None
"''"g
CH.)
None
Sulfate
(so. )
15.6
.32
Sulfite'
(SOS)
Chloride
(Cl)
6.0
.17
Calcltsa
(Ch)
37.6
1.88
Ftuuride
(F)
.09
.01
Hagnesitsn
(MC)
31.58
2.60
Nitrate MO as Nitrogen (I1)
,80
.06
Soditse
(Na)
. 3 5
15
Nitrite (NO as Nitrogen (N)
.033
Potassium
(10
2. 05
05
Phosphate
(PO.)
.13
TOTAL
4.68
rornt�
4.68
1 n/ 1
pii, Lab
7.6
Suspr.,ded Solldn
pee is conductance
M.LcromLos /cm, 2S C)
280
Disaalved Solids
Total o e
Turbidity (JTU)
4 total Solids
fnlor (units)
Total hardness
(Ca OD S)
Odor (threshold dilution factor)
Alkalinity
(Ca EQ S)
Taste (threshold dilutlon factor)
4 Noncerbonate hardness
4 Celcitua hardness
(CO W >)
(Caws)
4 Pree tilt (ng /I)
15.5
4 hagnesi,ea hardness
(Ca COS)
30
4 Calculated hardness
(CaO)l)
224
DATE RECEIVED
9 -29 -71
DATE COMPLETED
10 -1 -71
COMPLETED BY
JS'
OW
LAB N0.
502
' 1 m9/1 . ppm (parts per million) -
' 2 sue /l . cps (equivalent, per million)
HEA- 17$-A (R -1) 6-71. 3 Converted to Cos vhan calculating total solids
�' 4 Calculated value,
WATER SAMPLE INFORMATION FOR CUF.MICAL ANALYSES - 109 -
tiYSTCM I.D. NIMOER '
i�
I,
i
[]
-_F
�(�
T T
V C
3 Btcarbonate
APPENDIX B -3
I mg /1
202.52
2 "/1
3.32
`
f
I
SYS -1EII NAIIE
(CO))
COUNTY
etas Nn
COLLECTED BY
Srvin Water Dist. 6
Spokane ;
3 2
Byram
DATE COLLECCED
TIME COLLECTED
C
DATE UST SAMPLE
TAKEN pr pump (D FAUCET OMER (Speetf,
8 -2 -71
2.15
(so')
7.0
FROM C] STORAGE TANK 0WORAPT
SOURCE
(Name) ❑LeEE
�:
$AMPLE COLLECTED FROM PUBLIC WATER SYSTEM AT
®WELL No. 3 DOTTIER (specif NW'k SE'k SE'y SE'k 4 -25 -44
❑STREAK
nSPRING W. of Pineq )Zc {End ''D
Sulfite
(SO))
C
FIELD pll
TEMPERATURE
ALKALINITY THIS WATER I$ O FILTERED REMARKS
TESTS
®UNTREATED OOTHLR T REATMENT
SAID REPORT Tot
Spokane County Health District
North 819 Jefferson Street
Spokane Washington 99201
(city) (zip
State of WamhfnR[on
Department of Social and lien lth Services
DIVISION OF HEALTH
Smith Toner Seattle, Washington 98104
I mg /1
Silt'.
(Sio: )
2. 50
2 mm /1
3 Btcarbonate
(1ICO))
I mg /1
202.52
2 "/1
3.32
Almsinms
(Al)
Carbonate
(CO))
Iron
(Fe)
None
Manganese
C
.009
Sulfate
(so')
7.0
.15
Sulfite
(SO))
Chloride
(Cl)
4.0
.11
Calcium
(Ca)
36.8
1.84
Fluoride
(F)
.092
.01
Magnesium
(Mg)
15.55
1.28
Nitrate (NOD) as Nitrogen (11)
1.48
.11
Sodium
(Na)
4.1
.18
Nltrite (Nol) as Nitrogen (N)
.01
Potaaaims
(10
1 .95
,05
Phosphate
(PO 4)
.045
TOTAL
3.35
TOTAL
3.70
IM&4
PH, Lab
7 a 8
Suspended Solids
S pecific conductance
M•lcromhoa /cm, 7SC)
268
Dissolved Solids
T otal S.1id.
Turbidity (JTU)
. 45
4 Total Solids
173
Color (units)
) r
Total hardness
(GW))
156
Odor (threshold dilution factor)
None
Alkalinity
(Ca GO3)
166
Tuts (threshold dilution factor)
4 Noncarbonate hardness
4 Calclmn hardness
(Coco))
(CaW))
92
4 Frem (Dt (m6/1)
7.0
4 Magnesium hardness
(Cs CO))
(�
4 Calculated hardness
(C. OD')
156
DATE RECEIVED
8 -3 -71
DATA COMPLETED
CCMPLETF.D BY
JS
OW . DS
LAB NO.
166
I mg /1 . ppm (parts per million)
2 me /1 . cps (equivalents per sillLon)
REA- 175-A (R -1) $41. 3 Converted to COJ when Calculating total solids
4 Calculated values
0
a
DEC 1 p 1972 APPENDIX C
INLAND POWER & LIGHT COMPANY
VINCENT P. SLATT, MANAGER
110
LEO THAMS
0..ud.,,
E. A. BURGESS
DONALD LENHARD
GALE BOY
a
a
a
a
1
1
APPENDIX D -1
NOTES ON NOISE POLLUTION
Definition of Noise
Sound as defined in a purely physical sense is ". . . an organized
movement of molecules caused by a vibrating body in some medium -- water,
air, rock or whatever." Sound moves through the air somewhat like waves
move in the ocean. In sound, the waves are alternate rings of compressed,
and then rarefied air moving away from a central source at a constant
speed. As each wave -- first a compression, then a rarefaction -- en-
counters an object, it exerts a force -- a push, then a pull on the
object. Sound is also a physiological sensation.
For humans, sound has two significant characteristics: pitch and
loudness. In terms of affecting people, pitch is generally an annoyance.
Pitch is the height or depth of a tone or sound depending on the rela-
tive rapidity of the vibrations by which it is produced. Pitch is the
number of complete vibrations, or cycles per second of a wave.
Loudness, which is the strength of a sound usually measured by the
amplitude'of its wave, can affect our ability to hear. It is the in-
tensity of the sound waves combined with the reception characteristics
of the ear. In terms of sound's affect, intensity is how hard a sound
wave hits,an object, a characteristic which can be measured precisely
with instruments.
The Measurement of Sound
Intensity, which the brain perceives as loudness, is measured in
decibels (dBA). To measure the relative intensity of different sounds,
scientists (audiologists) have worked out the ratios of loud sounds to
softer ones. The zero onthe decibel scale is based on the lowest sound
level that the healthy, unimpaired human ear can detect. Decibels are
not linear units like miles or pounds., Rather, they are representative
points on a sharply rising curve.
i
112 -
APPENDIX D -2
In order that one may get a certain appreciation for the magnitude
Thus,' while 10 decibels is 10 times more intense than one decibel,
20 decibels is 100 times more intense (10x10); 30 decibels is 1,000
times more intense (10x10x10). One hundred decibels, therefore, is 10
billion times as intense (that is, represents 10 billion times as much
acoustic energy) as one decibel. Because of physical laws, the scale
human
increases as the square of the change. Thus, so soft a sound as
breathing!is about 10 times greater than zero decibel. The scale is
in logarithmic form. The decibel measure gives a rough connection.. be-
tween the physical intensity of sound and the subjective loudness it
a causes.
Sound levels are measured at their source; thus their decibel
rating decreases as the distance from that source increases. Noise is
dissipated exponentially with the distance from the source. For a
single point source, sound level decays approximately six decibels for
each doubling of distance from the source. If noise is produced by a
line source, such as a crowded highway, the sound will decrease three
decibels for each doubling of distance.
The Psychological and Physiological Effects of Unwanted Sound
�.
Human hearing begins to be damaged by prolonged exposure to more
It
than.85 decibels. The effects of noise are by no means selective.
effects our entire system. Loud, prolonged noise of over 80 decibels
'
can increase body tensions which can affect the blood pressure, the
functions'of the heart, and the nervous system. For extended periods
'
of loud noise exposure of 90 decibels and above, there is permanent
cell damage. A sound level of 190 decibels on the A -Scale (decibel)
'
will rupture the ear drum and permanently damage the "organ of corti"
within the inner ear.
The noise problem is widespread and generally is more concentrated
'
within our,.cities than in the outlying residential areas. Today the
level of noise.to whichthe average urban American is exposed is more
than twice what it was in 1955. Environmental sound levels within our
high density urban regions are doubling every 10 years. Suburban areas
'
are not experiencing such a significant increase in noise levels be- .
cause of their distance from major noise sources.
In order that one may get a certain appreciation for the magnitude
- 113 -
' APPENDIX D -3
' of the noise pollution problem, the following graph is supplied to il-
lustrate sound levels generated by certain instruments or noise sources.
' All of the measurements were obtained with a General Radio Sound
Level Meter which meets existing Federal and State noise level metering
requirements.
' Citizen awareness of noise as an environmental pollutant is just
now materializing and is reaching a level of action necessary to bring
' this problem under control. It is hoped that the preceding information
has at least clarified some of the problems associated with noise pol-
lution. Urgent action, planning and new design techniques are needed
' in order to reverse the present trend toward an increasingly noisy
environment.
11
1
MEASURED NOISE LEVELS IN DECIBELS
DECIBEL
'
Rock Band . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .
120*
Jet Takeoff. . . . . . . . . . . . .
120*
Jet Flyover -- at 1,000 feet . . . . . .
103*
'
Jack Hammer.
97*
Heavy Traffic -- at 25 feet.
90*
Motorcycle -- at 25 feet ...
9.0*
Diesel Truck -- at 25 feet . . . . . . .
88*
'
Diesel Truck -- at 50 feet
84*
Diesel Truck -- at 100 feet. . . . . . .
80
'
Food Blender .... .... . ... . . . . . . .
Power Lawnmower -- at 20 feet.
88
80
Passenger Car -- at 25 feet. . . . . . .
80
Garbage Disposal
80
'
Clothes Washer . . . . . . . . . . . .
78
Vacuum Cleaner
77
Dishwasher . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
74
Air Conditioner -- at 50 feet. . . . .
62
'
Conversation .
62
* Denotes an unacceptable and harmful
if exposure is for extended periods
noise level
of time.
'
The Need For Control
' Citizen awareness of noise as an environmental pollutant is just
now materializing and is reaching a level of action necessary to bring
' this problem under control. It is hoped that the preceding information
has at least clarified some of the problems associated with noise pol-
lution. Urgent action, planning and new design techniques are needed
' in order to reverse the present trend toward an increasingly noisy
environment.
11
1
114 -
APPENDIX D -4
t 1 REFERENCES
Baron, Robert Alex. The Tyranny of Noise New York: St. Martin Press,
1970.
' Stevens, S.S. and Warshafsky, Fred. Sound and Hearing Time -Life Books:
Life Science Library Series, New York, 1971.
' Acton, W.I. "A Review of Hearing Damage Risk Criteria," Annals of Oc -
cupational'Hygiene, Vol. 10 (1967), pp. 143 -153.
Beranck, Leo L. "Noise ", Scientific American (December 1966) pp. 132 -136.
Schofer, Joseph L. "A System Analyst's View of Noise and Urban Planning ",
ASCE Journal Wol. 96 (October 1970), pp. 153 -158.
' Thiessen, J.G. "Survey of the Traffic Noise Problem ", Journal of the
Acoustical Society of America Vol. 37, No. 6 (June 1965), pp. 19 -31.
Congressional Record "Report On Noise ", Vol. 118 (February 29, 1972)
pp. 1509 -1548.
Report of the Panel on Noise Abatement "The Noise Around Us: Findings
and Recommendations," U. S. Department of Commerce, U.S. Government
Printing Office, Washington, D.C.
' Environmental Protection Agency "Report to the President and Congress
on Noise," EPA Report No. NCR 800.1, U.S. Government Printing
' Office, Washington, D. C. (1972).
- 115
APPENDIX E
Excerpt from County Planning Records
I
ZONE CHANGE
ZE -32 -62 - AGRICULTURAL TO RESTRICTED INDUSTRIAL: POSTELL
Planning Commission Recommendation: Approve, subject to the filing of
of industrial tracts consistent with the site plan submitted by the a
1_. u-4-- r, ri,c fnl lnwino renditions:
Conditions:
1. That the dedicatory language prohibit access to Jackson Avenue from
11
11
any tract in the plat.
2.
That a 20 -foot strip of land along Jackson Avenue be reserved in the
'
dedication as a planting strip; and that tree and ground cover planting
be accomplished by the sponsor prior to the filing of the final plat;
or that, in lieu of such prior planting, a bond be furnished Spokane
'
County in an amount adequate, in the estimation of the County Engineer,
and
to cover the expense of such planting; that the variety, number
location of such planting be approved by the Director of Planning and
'
the County Engineer..
3.
That a 20 -foot radius be shown at street corners.
'
4.
That appropriate street names be indicated.
5.
That' streets by improved to standards established by Spokane County,
'
or a bond to cover the cost of such improvements be furnished the
by the County Engineer.
County Engineer in the amount as determined
6.
That profiles of streets, proposed grades, and drainage plan be sub-
'
mitted and approved by the County before the final plat is
drawn. The County Engineer may require that design of drainage
improvements be made by a registered civil engineer.
'
7.
Cond I itional approval of the plat is given subject to a written approval
of the road system from the County Engineer. The subdivider is not
'
authorized to have the final plat drawn until this written approval is
obtained.
8.
That a statement be placed in the dedication to the effect that water
will be provided each lot prior to sale.
9.
That the sponsor make appropriate arrangements with the Iriking Water
'
District for the provision of water to each tract.
-9 -A- (contd.)
11
11
' b) The study area is bisected by the parallel tracks of the Union
Pacific and the Spokane international railroads which run along the
South boundary of the subject property.
' -10- (cont d.)
- 116 -
ZE -32 -62
- AGRICULTURAL TO RESTRICTED INDUSTRIAL (contd.)
'
10.
That a name be indicated before the final plot is filed, such name to
be approved by the County Assessor.
ll.'
That a certificate of title be furnished the Planning Commission prior
'
to the'filing of the final plat.
'
12.
That the preliminary plat be given conditional approval for one year.
Findings:
1.
At the initial hearing held on this proposal August 30, 1962, the Planning
Commission postponed action and directed the staff to make a special
study of the general area enclosed by Argonne and Pines, the Northern
Pacific Railroad tracks and the Valley Freeway. The results of this study
were presented to the Planning Commission at a second hearing on this
proposal September 27, 1962. Included in this report was a description.
'
of the topography of the study area, existing land use and zoning land
use developments since 1957, existing and proposed arterials, existing
utilities, and existing and proposed schools and recreation areas within
the study area.
Two alternate land development plans were presented by the staff, one
of which proposed residential development of the subject property,
'
while the second plan included the subject property within an industrial
corridor along the Spokane International Railroad tracks. Significant
'
findings of that study include the following:
a) There are three fairly compact clusters of residential developments
within the study area: the Locust View and Shannon Acres Sub-
divisions; the Fairacres Subdivision; and the Mirabeau Ranch Sub-
'
division. A less compact group of homes and a mobile home court
exist along Mansfield Avenue between Bowdish and Pines Road.
Other significant land uses include a shopping center and group of
'
homes along Argonne, an auto wrecking yard at University and the
Freeway, a contractor's yard at University and Grace, and another
at Bowdish and Mansfield, an elementary school on Pines near
t
Trent Road, and a scattering of homes along Montgomery and Jack-
son.
' b) The study area is bisected by the parallel tracks of the Union
Pacific and the Spokane international railroads which run along the
South boundary of the subject property.
' -10- (cont d.)
- 117 -
ZE -32 -62 - AGRICULTURAL TO RESTRICTED INDUSTRIAL (contd.)
I
c) The topography of the subject site is generally quite flat with a
gentle slope south. One of the major residential developments,
Mirabeau Ranch, is separated from the subject property by a sharp
rise in topography. The Shannon Acres Subdivision is one -half
mile from the subject property at the closest point.
d) Land alond the Spokane International right -of -way is presently
zones Restricted Industrial to within approximately 800 feet of
subject property.
e) The Irvin Water District which serves most of the study area
reported that it could presently serve the subject property with
either domestic or industrial supplies of water unless the industries
were abnormal water users. Gas and power lines exist, in the area
and could easily serve the subject property.
f) The location of present elementary schools is such that if the
residential alternate plan presented by the staff were chosen,
portions of three rather than two neighborhoods would be the
logical development pattern in the study area. Thus an additional'
elementary school in the study area would be needed. Land
presently zoned Restricted Industrial would be planned for resi-
dential use and property with existing industrial uses would be
planned for redevlopment to residential use under this plan.
g) Investigation by the staff and the County Engineer indicates that
a truck route from subject properties to the Pines interchange would be
feasible via Bowdish and Indiana provided a grade crossing can be
obtained at Bowdish.
2. 'At a previous hearing on this matter the applicant presented his views
as to!the need for industrial land of the type he will be prepared to
offer. The staff presented acreage figures on land presently zoned and
used for industrial purposes in the Spokane Valley. From the manager
of the Spokane Industrial Park, figures as to the amount of floor space
available within that development were made available.
3. At this hearing the applicant presented a proposed preliminary plat of
industrial tracts which would front on an interior road and a road
paralleling the railroad tracks. Access to Jackson Avenue from these
tracts would be prohibited; tracts abutting Jackson would not be served
by a railroad spur; and a 20 foot wide strip along Jackson would be
reserved and developed as a landscaped strip. The interior road would'
connect University and Bowdish.
(contd.)
I
- 118 -
ZE -32 -62 - AGRICULTURAL TO RESTRICTED INDUSTRIAL (Cohtd.)
B. Reasons:
1. Of the two development plans presented by the staff for this general
area we feel that the plan incorporating an industrial corridor along the
Spokane International tracks is more in harmony with adopted and
previously proposed elements of the Comprehensive Plan for the Metro-
politan area. We note that the alternate plan presented by the staff
which suggests residential use for..this property would indicate an
additional residential neighborhood requiring an elementary school and
playground which have not been contemplated in the recreation and
public buildings elements of the Comprehensive Plan.
2. We believe that the subject property by reason of level topography,
availability of rail service and utilities, and nearby access to the
Freeway is admirably suited to industrial use. We believe, on the
contrary, that by reason of being adjacent to main tracks of two major
railroads, a large unscreened wrecking yard, and a contractor's yard,
that the subject property is unsuited and unlikely to develop as resi-
dential property.
3. Restricted Industrial zoning has already been established along the
' Spokane International Railroad tracks less than 800 feet west of this
property. We feel that its extension onto this property is logical and
in accordance with an overall development plan for the general area.
4. Present use of land within the study area indicates that agricultural
use as a primary economic use of theland has all but disappeared. In
this area as.in other urbanizing areas of the County, the purpose of the
Agricultural zone is to prevent completely unrestricted use of the land
until .the character of the area becomes established. Thus property
zoned Agricultural is usually zoned Agricultural Suburban as it is
platted into residential lots. Conversely, as land that is planned for
industrial use is platted or developed, a zone change to an industrial
classification becomes appropriate.; As agriculture is no longer a
feasible use of this property, and since we feel that industrial use is
appropriate and an industrial plat is proposed, we feel that this is an
appropriate time to change the-zoning.
b. We are well aware of and appreciate the fears of residents in this
general area that industrial use of this property might reduce the resi-
dential amenity of their properties and constitute a threat to the value
of their properties. We note, however, that the Mirabeau Ranch
development is separated from this,property by a sharp change in
topography and that this property cannot even be seen from most of the
-12- (contd.)
- 119 -
'
ZE -32 -62
- AGRICULTURAL TO RESTRICTED INDUSTRIAL (contd.)
residences in that development. We feel that the provisions of the
Restricted Industrial Zone together with the conditions recommended
'
for approval of the proposed industrial plat will be adequate to protect
residential properties in the general area.
'
6.
As to ;a need for industrial land - while we have evidence of vacant
land already zoned industrially, we do not believe that the addition of
this property to that supply would be excessive. We feel that an ade-
quate surplus must be maintained to encourage competitive land prices
and to provide a variety of choice. We know that much of the zoned
acreage appearing vacant is held for expansion of existing firms, held
by railroads for development by rail users, or available only in small
'
parcels.
'
C. General Data:
1.
Location: Section 9, Township 25 N., Range 44, E.W.M.
'
The S 1/2 of the S 1/2 of the NW 1/4, except
the E 1/2 and the SE 1/4 of the SE 1/4 of the
NW 1/4. Also that portion of the N 1/2 of
the SW 1/4 lying north of the Spokane Inter-
'
national•Railroad, except the easy 135 feet
of the South 361.3 feet..
i
Z.
Applicant: S. A. Postell
W. 1001 Ide Avenue
Spokane, Washington
i
'
3.
Site Size: Approximately 65 acres
I
4.
Existing Zoning:;_ Agricultural, established April 24, 1942
5..
Prpposed Zoning: Restricted Industrial?.
'
6.
Proposed Use of Property: Industrial Park
7.
Application of Zoning
Provision: Chapter 4.21, Section 4.21.040- 4.21.000
'
-13-
1
'
i
1
i
120
ZONE CHANGE
' ZE -50 -72 - AGRICULTURAL TO RESTRICTED INDUSTRIAL: .BROCKMAN ROTHROCK INC.
' Staff Recommendation: Approve -that portion of the advertised property lying
south of Jackson- Mansfield Avenue realigned'to, the Restricted Industrial
Zone, subject to the following conditions:
1) Location and Orientation of Structures.
The advertised property shall be developed in substantial conformance
' with the approved development plan; i.e., the warehouse - transfer building
shall be located in the southern portion of the project, the truck maintenance
facilities and parking areas shall be located in the southcentral portion of
the project, and the office building and employee parking areas shall be
situated in the northeast quadrant of the proposal.
2) Dedication and Improvement of R /W.
Mansfield shall be dedicated to a width.of 60' from Wilbur to its inter-
section with Jackson in an alignment acceptable to the County Engineer
and shall be paved and curbed to County specifications at the owner's or
' applicant's expense. Jackson Avenue R/W shall be widened to the south
by 20' from University to its intersection with the newly dedicated
Mansfield., Improvement to Jackson shall include curbing and paving to
' existing oil. University Road shall be widened as indicated on the
approved development plan and shall be improved by the installation of
curb and paving. A good and sufficient bond to cover the cost of required
roadway improvements and landscaping as,specified in the approved
' landscape plan described below shall be,required in an amount to be
approved by the County Engineer and Planning Director prior to approval
of the Zon�ing Resolution.
3) Landscaping and Site Development Plan
Prior to approval of the Zoning Resolution by the Board of County Commis-
sioners, a landscape and site development plan shall be approved by the
' Director of Planning. The plan shall specify the variety, number and
location of turfed areas, trees, shrubs', and other plants; design.and
specifications of parking areas and internal roadways; access points to.
' adjoining public roads; exterior lighting and signing. The plan shall
provide at!a minimum:
i
' a) For a obscuring screen along'Jackson Avenue.
b) 'For appropriate turf and shrubbery around the office building and truck
maintenance shop.
c) For paving of all parking areas and internal roadways.
' d) ;That exterior lighting and signing'be designed and located in such a
manner as to not produce a glare upon adjacent properties.
I ,
' 4) Utilities and Sewage Disposal As's condition of the issuance of building
permits upon the site, the applicants shall install a mechanical sewage
treatment plant satisfactory in design to the County Health District and shall
-6- n (contd.)
,1
i
- 121 -
ZE -50 -72 - AGRICULTURAL TO RESTRICTED INDUSTRIAL (contd.)
' install fire hydrants at such locations as may be required by the Valley
Fire Marshal together with adequate water mains to supply such hydrants.
Background:
This property has along history of applications. In 1959 an application to
the Manufacturing Zone was denied because the proposal was not in harmony
' with the then existing Comprehensive Plan for the Valley, among other
reasons. Between 1959 and 1961 the Planning Commission completed land .
use, neighborhood studies, and other elements of the Comprehensive Plan.
In the Plan for the:Spokane Valley an industrial corridor was contemplated
along both' sides of the railroad tracks from Trent Road to Pines Road. In
August 1962, the property was proposed as an industrial plat and Restricted
Industrial zoning was requested..
After considerable study of alternatives to the Comprehensive Plan and a
series of public hearings, the Planning Commiss'ission recommended approval to
' the Board of County Commissioners in December, 1962. The Board after
holding its own hearing concluded that there was ample unused acreage zoned
Restricted Industrial in the vicinity, and further that there was not good
arterial access to.this property from the Freeway nor (at that time) realistic
prospects for obtaining good arterial access.
In 1969 the proposal was heard again, and the Commission recommended denial
' ..hecause_ there was; still no feasible plan for arterial access to the property.
It was also noted ..that the then - preposed Bowdish- Indiana route while perhaps
.tliie' -most feasible, would present traffic problems at the Pines Interchange.
In 1969,, the applicants proposed an industrial park complete with a road
network, restrictive covenants, and a landscape screen along Jackson Avenue.
Although the Planning Commission was of the opinion that the proposal offered
appropriate safeguards for proper' development, the Board of County Commis-
sioners denied the application because there was considerable industrial
acreage in'the immediate vicinity which was zoned in an industrial classifica-
tion!and substantially unused for industry. The Commissioners also noted that
the property did not have good arterial access from the Freeway via Pines Road
and the difficulties of securing a satisfactory arterial route from Argonne Road
to the project appeared to be insurmountable.
I
Analysis
The 50 -acre parcel lies west of University Road between Jackson Avenue and
the Spokane International Railway R /W. The applicants have proposed that the
ownership be utilized for a warehouse - redistribution center for food products.
The site would have a large warehouse building, truck service facilities, and
an office building.
The staff is of the opinion that the advertised property in conjunction with the
specific warehouse - redistribution center proposal is appropriate for Restricted
IndustriallZoning because: j
i contd.
- 122 -
2E- 50 -72'= AGRICULTURAL TO'RESTRICTED INDUSTRIAL (contd.)
1) The staff is of the opinion that arterial access from Pines Road to the
project via Mansfield Avenue would adequately serve the project without
disrupting surrounding residential neighborhoods. The proposed facility
would be a relatively low generator of employee -- oriented traffic.
The staff notes that the proposed warehousing facility would have a much
smaller ratio of employees per square foot of floor area than a similar
industrial fabrication or general manufacturing plant. Although the
redistribution portion of the operation would generate truck traffic, the
staff notes that such traffic could be requred through company policy to
utilize . the proposed Mansfield arterial route rather than allowing such
traffic to filter through the adjoining residential neighborhoods.
2) The nature of the proposed operation requires considerable land area as
evidenced by-the submitted site plan. The.applicants have also indicated
that the operation requires reasonable proximity to the Freeway because of
the redistribution operation. The staff is of the opinion, that there are
-very few- zoned' industrial sites in the Metropolitan Area which can meet the
stated cri'teri'a for such an operation.
3) The staff is of the opinion that the redesign of the Jackson- Mansfield
arterial in conjunction with the required planting strips along Jackson
Ayenue would help preserve the integrity of the residential neighborhood
to' the ' north. Access controls would be imposed to insure the least
disruption to -the- adjoining- residential neighborhood. The staff notes that
future applications for industrial zoning in the corridor between Jackson -
19ansfi?eld and the Spokane International Ry. would be analyzed in
accordance with the traffic generating potential of the proposed uses.'
i
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