HomeMy WebLinkAbout2025, 09-30 Formal B Meeting Packet
AGENDA
SPOKANE VALLEY CITY COUNCIL
REGULAR MEETING
FORMAL B FORMAT
Tuesday, September 30, 2025 6:00 p.m.
Remotely via ZOOM Meeting and
In Person at Spokane Valley City Hall, Council Chambers
10210 E. Sprague Ave.
Spokane Valley, WA 99206
Council Requests Please Silence Your Cell Phones During Council Meeting
NOTE: Members of the public may attend Spokane Valley Council meetings in-person at the address provided
above, or via Zoom at the link below. Members of the public will be allowed to comment in-person or via Zoom
as described below. Public comments will only be accepted for those items noted on the agenda as “public
comment opportunity.”Citizens must register by 4 p.m. the day of the meeting to provide comment by Zoom.
Please use the links below to register to provide verbal or written comment.
Sign up to Provide Verbal Public Comment at the Meeting via Calling-In
Submit Written Public Comment Prior to the Meeting
Join the Zoom WEB Meeting
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CALL TO ORDER
INVOCATION: Pastor Logan Mankins, Spokane Valley Assembly of God
PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE
ROLL CALL
APPROVAL OF AGENDA
SPECIAL GUESTS/PRESENTATIONS:
PROCLAMATIONS:
GENERAL PUBLIC COMMENT OPPORTUNITY: This is an opportunity for the public to speak on any
subject except agenda action items, as public comments will be taken on those items where indicated. Please keep
comments to matters within the jurisdiction of the City Government.This is not an opportunity for questions or
discussion. Diverse points of view are welcome but please keep remarks civil. Remarks will be limited to three
minutes per person. If a person engages in disruptive behavior or makes individual personal attacks regarding
matters unrelated to City business, then the Council and/or Mayor may end that person’s public comment time
before the three-minute mark. To comment via zoom: use the link above for oral or written comments as per
those directions. To comment at the meeting in person: speakers may sign in to speak but it is not required. A
sign-in sheet will be provided at the meeting.
ACTION ITEMS:
1. Ice Arena Public Input Session – John Hohman
\[public comment opportunity\]
2. PUBLIC HEARING: Solid Waste Management Plan – Erik Lamb, Robert Blegen, Michelle Langdon
\[public comment opportunity\]
NON-ACTION ITEMS:
Council Agenda September 30, 2025 Page 1 of 2
INFORMATION ONLY(will not be reported or discussed):
GENERAL PUBLIC COMMENT OPPORTUNITY:General public comment rules apply.
COUNCILCOMMENTS
MAYOR’S COMMENTS
CITY MANAGER COMMENTS
EXECUTIVE SESSION
ADJOURNMENT
Scan to access the meeting materials
Council AgendaSeptember 30, 2025 Page 2 of 2
CITY OF SPOKANE VALLEY
Request for Council Action
Meeting Date: September 30, 2025 Department Director Approval:
Check all that apply: consent old business new business public hearing
informationadmin. reportpending legislationexecutive session
AGENDA ITEM TITLE: Admin. Report – Innovia Foundation Ice Facility Proposal – Costs and
Public Input
GOVERNING LEGISLATION:
PREVIOUS COUNCIL ACTION TAKEN: Administrative report on August 19, 2025;
Administrative report on September 23, 2025
BACKGROUND:
In the spring of 2025, the City was approached by a benefactor indicating an interest in
developing and constructing a regional tourism facility to serve youth sports within Spokane
Valley and the region, and associated economic development facilities. The benefactor is
partnering with Innovia Foundation (“Innovia”), which has been tasked to lead the project on
behalf of the benefactor. Specifically, the benefactor and Innovia have identified a desire to
provide an ice facility to provide a venue for youth hockey, skating, and other ice-related
activities.
On August 19, 2025, Council heard a report from Innovia discussing the potential project and on
September 23, 2025, Innovia provided its proposal for use of recently acquired property
adjacent to Sullivan Park (the “Sullivan Property”) for a 65,000 square foot dual sheet ice facility
with an estimated value of $44 million. As part of its proposal, Innovia requests a 99-year
ground lease for the full 11 acres at the Sullivan Property to allow Innovia to construct and
operate the ice facility and at least two related facilities, such as a hotel and commercial facility,
that will complement the ice facility and help offset operations and maintenance costs. The
proposal includes an option for the City to purchase the $44 million facility for $9.4 million.
Innovia has also requested that the City pay for certain infrastructure improvements.
Tourism Study Recommendations
Innovia’s proposal aligns with the City’s ongoing tourism development strategies to create more
youth-sports facilities. Further, it specifically aligns with identified facilities in the City’s 2023
Tourism Strategic Plan. The Tourism Plan specifically prioritized projects to help enhance the
City’s tourism industry. One of the key tourism facilities identified in the plan was an ice facility
to support an identified demand within the region. In the study, one specific option that was
highlighted was an ice facility owned by another entity and operated by a third party with
professional operational expertise and knowledge. This would allow critical marketing,
management, and operations to maximize the use of the facility. One key challenge identified
for ice was the significant capital cost, which made it cost prohibitive for the city to develop.
Innovia’s proposal addresses the identified opportunity for additional ice within the region and,
along with The Course, continues to strengthen the City as a youth-sports hub within the region.
Estimated City Infrastructure Costs
The City recognizes the need for infrastructure improvements which include two access
driveways from Sullivan Road to the ice facility and a sewer lift station. Estimated costs for the
access driveways are approximately $1.78 million. Estimated costs for the sewer lift station and
hook-up fees are approximately $1.25 million. Total costs for the requested infrastructure
improvements are approximately $3.03 million. The City understands that it would be
responsible for all costs associated with these improvements, subject to public procurement and
prevailing wage requirements. The City understands that Innovia would be responsible for all
other site and facility improvements.
In addition to the requested improvements, the City is in process of installing a waterline under
the UP Railroad to provide water service to the Sullivan Property and Sullivan Park. The direct
costs to the City for this project are approximately $1.05 million. The remaining project costs are
being paid by Kemira and a Department of Commerce grant.
Currently, the City has not set aside any funds for the requested improvements. The initial
estimate and infrastructure layout is attached to this RCA. Potential options for funding include
funds within Fund 312 and lodging tax revenues from the capital portion of the City’s lodging
tax. For the 2026 lodging tax awards, there is potentially $2 million available for awards from
the capital portion of the taxes, which includes $1.6 million from the 1.3% portion of the City’s
lodging tax and a potential transfer of $447,000 from the 2% portion. This is contingent upon the
amount, if any, that the Lodging Tax Advisory Committee and Council approve as a transfer.
Ongoing Operations & Maintenance
The arena will be operated and maintained by Innovia or another entity created by Innovia. The
hotel and commercial pads will generate revenue to help offset operational and maintenance
costs that may not be covered by revenues generated by the arena alone. These operational
expenditures are highlighted in the project proforma. The City will have no financial or physical
responsibility for these ongoing activities.
Estimated Impact to the City
The City has updated the estimated economic impact and operational cost for consideration as
part of the discussion about the proposal.
A proforma evaluation conducted by The Sports Facilities Advisory estimates that the facility will
generate approximately 9,600 new room nights and a total of approximately $6.9 million in direct
economic impact at maturity which is expected to occur in year five of operation.
Public Input
In addition to the information from staff, tonight there will be a specific opportunity for public
input on both the proposal and requested use of the Sullivan Property. This input will be
provided in a format similar to other public hearings.
Next Steps
Staff are looking from direction from Council on whether to continue to work with Innovia on its
proposal or to pursue another direction for the Sullivan Property. If Council desires to continue
to pursue Innovia’s proposal, the next steps would be for staff to negotiate and work with
Innovia on details for a potential ground lease to memorialize lease terms for Sullivan Property,
the development obligations of Innovia, the development obligations of the City for
infrastructure, operational obligations for the ice facility, and other relevant terms. In conjunction
with that work, City staff would identify potential funding and work with Council regarding how
City infrastructure obligations could be funded.
OPTIONS: Discussion; Staff are seeking direction on whether to continue working with Innovia
on its proposal. If Council desires to work with Innovia on its proposal, a possible motion is as
follows: motion to authorize the City Manager to negotiate all relevant agreements, including but
not limited to a ground lease, with Innovia, to provide for lease of and use of the City’s Sullivan
Property for an ice facility and associated commercial development as provided in Innovia’s
proposal, all subject to further Council approval and appropriation of applicable funding; or take
such other action deemed appropriate.
RECOMMENDED ACTION OR MOTION: Discussion; Staff are seeking direction on whether to
continue working with Innovia on its proposal. If Council desires to work with Innovia on its
proposal, a possible motion is as follows: motion to authorize the City Manager to negotiate all
relevant agreements, including but not limited to a ground lease, with Innovia, to provide for
lease of and use of the City’s Sullivan Property for an ice facility and associated commercial
development as provided in Innovia’s proposal, all subject to further Council approval and
appropriation of applicable funding; or take such other action deemed appropriate.
BUDGET/FINANCIAL IMPACTS: Currently, cost estimates for requested City improvements
are approximately $3.03 million. A funding source has not yet been identified, but possible
funding sources include Fund 312 and the capital portion of the City’s lodging tax. A potential
$2 million is available for the capital portion of the City’s lodging tax funds. Estimated annual
direct economic impacts are approximately $6.9M in year five of operations. Unless the City
opted to purchase the ice facility, no other costs are estimated for the City at this time.
STAFF CONTACT: John Hohman, City Manager; Erik Lamb, Deputy City Manager; Gloria
Mantz, City Services Administrator
___________________________________________________________________________
ATTACHMENTS:
1. City’s Information Request
2. Innovia Foundation Proposal
3. Engineer’s Estimate for City Costs and Site Plan
4. Ice Facility Pro Forma and Feasibility Study
5. Presentation
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John HohmanSeptember 17, 2025
City Manager
City of Spokane Valley
10210 E Sprague Avenue
Spokane Valley, WA 99206
RE: Response to City Request for Information – Proposed Ice and Associated Facilities
at Sullivan Property
Dear Mr. Hohman,
On behalf of a generous donor and longtime community member, Innovia Foundation
extends our sincere appreciation to the City of Spokane Valley for the opportunity to
collaborate on the proposed indoor ice-skating facility at the Sullivan property. We are
grateful for the City’s request for information, dated August 25, 2025, and are pleased to
submit the enclosed comprehensive proposal for your review and consideration by the City
Council.
This project represents far more than the construction of an arena. It is an investment in
Spokane Valley’s vitality — expanding recreation, strengthening tourism, and driving long-
term economic opportunity. The proposed facility will broaden access to ice sports while
civic lives.
We respectfully submit this proposal in a spirit of partnership, with the shared goal of
creating a world-class civic asset that will serve Spokane Valley residents for generations.
We look forward to working closely with you, the City Council, and City st
advances.
Respectfully,
Shelly O’Quinn
Innovia Foundation
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1. Introduction
enhances Spokane Valley’s recreational, hospitality, and economic landscape. This initiative is
more than the construction of an ice arena — it is an investment in community vitality, regional
tourism, and sustainable economic growth.
The vision for the Spokane Valley Ice Facility is to provide low- or no-cost opportunities for
children and youth to participate in ice sports while building essential life and leadership skills. At
ctural barriers that have historically limited
access for economically challenged families. By providing equipment, mentorship, and inclusive
resilience — qualities that will serve them throughout life.
Meeting this vision addresses an urgent regional need. Current ice facilities are overscheduled,
constrained by lack of consistent ice time. A modern, two-sheet facility will directly address this
shortage, ensuring Spokane Valley residents and youth organizations have access to safe, high-
quality, and inclusive ice sports opportunities. The project also aligns with the Spokane Valley
Tourism Strategic Plan, which id
sports tourism and recreation infrastructure.
The impact reaches beyond sports. According to feasibility analysis, the new facility is projected
to generate nearly $5.6 million in annual direct visitor spending and over 9,800 new hotel room
nights once fully operational. Regional and national tournaments will draw families and athletes
Valley as a family-friendly recreation destination.
By integrating a state-of-the-art ice facility with lodging and dining amenities, this project delivers
two transformative outcomes:
1. -enriching sports and leadership
opportunities.
2. Establishing Spokane Valley as a regional hub for tourism, recreation, and community
vitality.
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2. Project Description
Facilities Overview
Dual-Sheet Ice Arena: 65,000 SF facility with two NHL-size ice sheets, spectator seating,
conditioned viewing areas, locker rooms, player support spaces, and concessions.
Hotel Development: A potential 120-
accommodating visiting teams, families, and traveling professionals while supporting
nearby business activity.
family dining, retail, or other visitor-serving uses.
Anticipated Size & Key Components
Ice Arena: 500-700
and team facilities.
Hotel: 120 rooms with meeting/event space and visitor amenities.
Food & Beverage: Full-service dining or retail tenant to complement the facility.
Proposed Uses
The Spokane Valley Ice Facility will serve as a multipurpose hub for sport, recreation, and tourism,
including:
Year-round youth and adult hockey programs, leagues, and clinics.
-to-skate programs.
School partnerships, after-school activities, and community events.
Dedicated practice venue for the WHL Spokane Chiefs, elevating visibility and inspiring
local youth.
On-site lodging and dining options to serve teams, families, and local residents.
3. Funding Sources
-layered strategy that
combines private capital, philanthropic investment, and public partnership. This balanced
ores the shared
commitment of stakeholders to deliver a transformative community asset.
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Philanthropic Contributions
Charitable Support through Innovia Foundation: Innovia Foundation, on behalf of a
costs and ensure broad youth access.
Naming Rights and Sponsorships: Corporate and philanthropic partners will be invited to
support through naming opportunities, sponsorship packages, and recognition programs,
creating enduring ties between community leaders and the project.
Program Scholarships: Dedicated gifts will fund scholarships and program subsidies,
ensuring that families of all income levels can participate in hockey and skating programs.
Private Financing and Investment
Equity Contributions: Private partners will contribute direct equity into hotel and
hotel, providing professional management and generating a reliable revenue stream.
Tenant Investments: Retail and food & beverage tenants will fund their own build-outs,
reducing overall project cost while tailoring spaces to community demand.
Public–Private Partnership with the City of Spokane Valley
Land Lease: Favorable, long-term ground lease terms for the Sullivan property will provide
the foundation for project viability and ensure alignment with City priorities.
-site improvements — such as roadway access, utilities,
— will reduce upfront development costs while improving the broader
Sullivan corridor.
Incentives and Tax Relief: Local tax incentives, including sales/use tax relief and targeted
Purchase Option: The City will retain the ability to acquire the completed facility—
projected to be valued at approximately $44 million—
cure
permanent public ownership of a state-of-the-art recreational and economic asset at a
fraction of its market value. By exercising this option in the future, the City can transform a
privately initiated development into a publicly owned community cornerstone, ensuring
long-term local control, stability, and equitable access. This safeguard protects public
y established.
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4. Operations of Facilities
Revenues
Youth & Adult Hockey Programming Fees: League play, clinics, and practice sessions
across skill levels.
Tournaments & Special Events: Regional and national events driving hotel occupancy,
visitor spending, and local economic activity.
-to-skate, and
school groups to ensure consistent community use.
-term revenue from hotel and
retail parcels will contribute directly to facility operations.
Food & Beverage & Retail Operations: Concessions, pro-shop sales, and restaurant/café
tenants serving residents and visitors alike.
Ownership & Management
ies, hospitality, and events,
ensuring professional oversight. This structure provides:
Optimized scheduling to maximize ice time.
High-quality customer service and engagement.
Coordination with hotel/retail tenants for seamless visitor experiences.
Partnerships with Spokane Chiefs and schools for training, practices, and educational
programming.
Sustainability
The operational framework is designed to ensure long-term self-
subsidy. Key measures include:
-revenue
tournaments.
Economic Multipliers: Leveraging hotel, retail, and dining activity to strengthen the local
economy.
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The building will meet the current Washington State Energy code which
incorporates elevated environmental building design requirements.
Reserves & Reinvestment: Establishing a capital reserve fund from operating surpluses for
ongoing maintenance, upgrades, and equipment replacement.
Together, these measures will ensure the Spokane Valley Ice Facility operates as a resilient,
community-centered, and economically catalytic asset.
5. City Contributions and Expectations
To unlock the full potential of this project, we respectfully request the City of Spokane Valley’s
to ensure accountability and shared success.
Ground Lease & Purchase Option
We request a 99-year lease term for the 11-acre Sullivan parcel to establish a strong foundation for
development. Under the proposed structure, the City also retains the option to purchase the
completed facility — valued at $44 million — for only $9.4 million. This ensures project feasibility
today while preserving the City’s ability to secure permanent public ownership tomorrow, at less
than one-quarter of cost.
Infrastructure Support & Reimbursement
The facility requires infrastructure investment — including utility connections and roadway
improvements. We respectfully request that the City provide funding -site
improvements. This not only advances the facility but also strengthens the broader Sullivan
corridor’s capacity for future economic growth.
Tax Incentives & Exemptions
We seek relief of construction-related sales/use tax exemptions. These incentives will reduce
upfront costs, enabling greater investment in youth programming and amenities, while also
generating recurring lodging tax revenues through tournaments and visitor activity.
Collaboration & Permitting Partnership
and permitting processes. By streamlining approvals, the City and development team can
maintain momentum, reduce delays, and ensure timely, cost-very of the project.
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City Contribution
Ground Lease & Purchase Option Favorable Provides immediate project viability while preserving
lease terms for 11-acre Sullivan parcel, a pathway to permanent public ownership at
with option to purchase $44M facility for extraordinary value. Ensures long-term civic control
$9.4M. of a landmark asset.
Infrastructure Support Funding for utilities, Strengthens safety, access, and future development
-site improvements. capacity in the Sullivan corridor. Supports long-term
economic growth.
Tax Incentives & Exemptions Relief on Reduces development costs, enabling greater
sales/use tax and potential allocation of
lodging tax revenue. Generates recurring hotel and visitor tax revenues.
Collaboration in Permitting & Accelerates project delivery while ensuring
Environmental Processes Active City compliance and environmental stewardship.
partnership in regulatory approvals. Demonstrates City commitment to tourism and
recreation growth.
7. Additional Information
Innovia Foundation is committed to full transparency, accountability, and collaboration with
information at each stage, Innovia Foundation and its partners will:
Provide Updated Materials on Request: At the City Council’s request, we will deliver
details as the project progresses from planning to implementation.
Share Feasibility and Market Data:Supplemental studies on projected economic impact,
tourism growth, and community demand will be made available to validate assumptions
and strengthen decision-making.
Regular updates will be provided to the City Council, City
phases.
This commitment to open communication ensures that Spokane Valley residents, elected
long-term impact.
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8. Conclusion
The Spokane Valley Ice Facility represents a once-in-a-generation opportunity to invest in the
community’s youth, economy, and quality of life. At its core, the dual-sheet ice facility will expand
access to ice sports, provide mentorship, and create leadership opportunities for young people —
ensuring that every child, regardless o
teamwork, and resilience.
Complementary elements, including an on-site hotel, dining, and retail space, will enhance
Spokane Valley’s reputation as a family-friendly regional destination while generating new
revenue streams for local businesses, lodging tax collections, and long-term tourism growth.
Equally important, the facility is structured to be
sources, experienced professional operators, and balanced programming, it will serve residents
community life, drives economic activity, and requires no ongoing operational subsidy from the
City.
Through the proposed purchase option, the City will also preserve the ability to acquire the
completed facility — valued at $44 million — for only $9.4 million. This ensures that Spokane
Valley can one day secure permanent public ownership of a world-class facility at an extraordinary
value, protecting community interests for generations.
By partnering together, Innovia Foundation, the City of Spokane Valley, and local stakeholders
can deliver not only a modern ice arena but also a transformative investment in community
vitality, youth opportunity, and regional economic growth.
We respectfully submit this proposal with gratitude for the City’s consideration and look forward
to continuing this collaborative process.
9. Attachments:
Letters of Support
Project Timeline
Conceptual Design Drawings
Conceptual Renderings
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September15,2025
CityofSpokaneValleyCityCouncil
10210ESpragueAvenue
SpokaneValley,WA99206
DearCouncilMembers,
OnbehalfoftheSpokaneAmericansYouthHockeyAssociation,Iwanttothankyouforyour
leadershipandexpressourstrongsupportfortheproposedSpokaneValleyIceFacilityatthe
Sullivanproperty.
Ourassociationservesmorethan450childrenandtheirfamilieseachyear.Despitethe
tremendousinterestinourprograms,thelackofavailableicetimehascreatedsignificant
barrierstoparticipation.Toooften,athletesareturnedaway,orfamiliesmustcommitto
late-nightpracticesthatplaceunnecessarystrainonyoungplayers,parents,andsiblingsalike.
Theadditionofamodern,two-sheetfacilityisnotjustaconvenience—itisanecessity.Beyond
providingequitableaccessforfamilies,thisfacilitywouldopenthedoorforexpanded
programming,newtournaments,andregionaleventsthatwillbringvisitorsandeconomic
activitytoSpokaneValley.Itrepresentsaninvestmentinbothcommunityhealthandthelocal
economy,whilealsogivingchildrenasafe,inclusivespacetodevelopskills,confidence,and
lifelongfriendships.
Werespectfullyurgeyoutomovethisprojectforward.Itwillhavealastingimpactonthousands
offamilies,andensurethatSpokaneValleybecomesadestinationwhereyouthsports,
communityengagement,andeconomicopportunitythrivetogether.
Thankyouforyourthoughtfulconsiderationandsupport.
Respectfully,
LukeDamskov
PresidentSpokaneYouthHockeyAssociation
JOOPWJB!GPVOEBUJPO!!TVMMJWBO!QSPQFSUZ!QSPQPTBM1:/28/3136
September 16, 2025
RE: Spokane Valley Ice Complex
I am writing to express Spokane Sports' support for a two sheet ice complex in the
City of Spokane Valley. This initiative presents a unique opportunity to boost our
community's economy through sports tourism, a sector that remains resilient even
as traditional leisure and business travel softens.
63% of destinations report that
The industry generates contributing to a
total economic impact of $128 billion.
This results in and supports 73.5 million
hotel room nights generated.
Source: 2023 Sports ETA State of The Industry report
At home, initiatives through Spokane Sports inject approximately
This translates to over $1.7 million
weekly—new money that would not be realized without our efforts. This activity
supports benefiting sectors ranging from hospitality to transportation.
The Food & Beverage sector alone benefits from $20.9 million in direct sales,
equivalent to the
It could attract new revenue, and keep families in our
community for tournaments and events, rather than sending them to compete
elsewhere. Thank you for considering our endorsement of this vital project. We are
excited about the possibilities it presents for or region’s future as a leading sports
destination.
All the best,
Ashley Blake
Spokane Sports
CEO
JOOPWJB!GPVOEBUJPO!!TVMMJWBO!QSPQFSUZ!QSPQPTBM1:/28/3136
September 15, 2025
City of Spokane Valley
City Council
10210 E Sprague Ave
Spokane Valley,WA99206
Dear Councilmembers,
As Superintendent of Central Valley School District, I am writing to express our support for the proposed
Spokane Valley Ice Facility.
This initiative closely aligns with our district’s commitment to promoting student wellness, character
development, and inclusive access to extracurricular opportunities. The promise of
low-or no-cost access for youth is particularly impactful—it ensures that allstudents can experience the
physical, social, and emotional benefits that come from participation in ice sports.
Beyond recreation, the proposed facility represents a meaningful opportunity for educational collaboration.
From integrating skating into our physical education curriculum to hosting leadership development programs
and school-based events, we see this as adynamic space where students can learn, grow, and thrive in new
ways.
We commend the Innovia Foundation and the City of Spokane Valley for their vision and leadership in
bringing this proposal forward. It is a project that will not only enhance community life but also enrich the
educational landscape for years to come.
We encourage your favorable consideration and look forward to future partnership opportunities that support
the success and well-being of our students.
Sincerely,
John Parker, Superintendent
Central Valley School District
Jparker@cvsd.org
JOOPWJB!GPVOEBUJPO!!TVMMJWBO!QSPQFSUZ!QSPQPTBM1:/28/3136
JOOPWJB!GPVOEBUJPO!!TVMMJWBO!QSPQFSUZ!QSPQPTBM1:/28/3136
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JOOPWJB!GPVOEBUJPO!!TVMMJWBO!QSPQFSUZ!QSPQPTBM1:/28/3136
Dear City of Spokane Valley Council,
On behalf of the Spokane Chiefs Hockey Club, I am writing to express our strong support
for the addition of a new twin-sheet ice facility in the Spokane Valley.
As one of the region’s premier youth hockey organizations, the Spokane Jr. Chiefs have
skating are thriving. However, our ability to accommodate new athletes and grow the game
is being severely limited by a lack of available ice time.
A new twin-sheet ice rink in the Spokane Valley would serve as a cornerstone for the
region’s hockey culture, providing a lasting impact on youth development, the Spokane
exposure, more programs and clinics, a pathway for aspiring players, increased tourism
and events and increased community engagement.
Furthermore, a modern twin sheet facility opens the door to hosting regional and national-
needed to support the long-term growth of ice sports in our region. A new facility will
ensure the Spokane Valley is a key player in that growth.
We respectfully urge the City Council to support this much-needed project. Investing in an
additional ice facility is an investment in our youth, our community, and the future of
improving recreational opportunities and we look forward to partnering with you to help
make this vision a reality.
Sincerely,
Mark Miles
President
Spokane Chiefs Hockey Club
509-981-2854
mmiles@spokanechiefs.com
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CONCEPTUAL
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IMPROVING COMMUNITIES THROUGH SPORT
FIVE YEAR OPERATING PRO FORMA:
ICE MODEL
PREPARED FOR:CITYOF SPOKANE VALLEY,WA
REPORTDELIVERY DATE:2025
FOR MORE INFORMATION VISIT
THIS PROJECT IS REPRESENTED BY
WWW.SPORTSFACILITIES.COM
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CITY OF SPOKANE VALLEY
Request for Council Action
Meeting Date: September 30, 2025 Department Director Approval:
Check all that apply: consent old business new business public hearing
informationadmin. reportpending legislationexecutive session
AGENDA ITEM TITLE:Public Hearing–DraftSolid Waste and Moderate RiskWaste
Management Plan - Review Discussion
GOVERNING LEGISLATION:
Chapter 70A.205 RCW: Solid Waste Management—Reduction and Recycling
Chapter 70A.300 RCW: Hazardous Waste Management
PREVIOUS COUNCIL ACTION TAKEN:
November 4, 2014 – Resolution 14-011 Adopting Solid Waste Management Plan
November 4, 2014 – Resolution 14-012 Adopting Moderate Risk Waste Plan
June 22, 2021 – Resolution 21-003 Amending the Solid Waste Management Plan to include
a Contamination Reduction and Outreach Plan
March 1, 2022 – Administrative Report on the Solid Waste Management Plan Update
process.
October 10, 2022 – Council approval of Consultant Agreement for Solid Waste Management
Plan Update.
January 24, 2023 – Administrative Report on the Solid Waste Management Plan Update
Status
April 23, 2024 - Solid Waste Management Plan Update
September 2, 2025 - Solid Waste Management Plan Update
BACKGROUND:
Pursuant to RCW 70A.205.040, when Spokane Valley assumed responsibility for managing its
solid waste, the City was required to prepare its own coordinated, comprehensive solid waste
management plan which is to be kept current, reviewed, and revised periodically. This plan
provides guidance for the solid waste system in the city, including garbage collection and
disposal, and programs for waste reduction, recycling, organics, special wastes and the
administration of these programs.
Also, pursuant to RCW 70A.300.350, the city was required to prepare a local hazardous waste
plan based on state guidelines which is also to be kept current. This plan provides guidance for
the moderate-risk waste management system in the city, including hazardous wastes generated
in small quantities by residents ("household hazardous wastes") and small quantities generated
by businesses ("small-quantity generators").
In November 2022, the city began work with a consultant to update these plans. Going forward,
the Solid Waste Management plan and the Moderate-Risk Waste Management plan will be
combined into a single plan – the Solid Waste and Moderate Risk Waste Management Plan – to
simplify future updates.
The combined, draft Plan has multiple parts and includes discussions of the following:
History of solid waste in the region and City
City demographics
Solid waste program vision, goals and actions
Different waste streams: garbage, recycling, organics, hazardous wastes
Waste collection, transport and disposal
Plan implementation over next 6 years
Capital improvement needs over the next 20 years
To assist with the development of the plan, the City received input from a Technical Advisory
Committee (TAC). The TAC was composed of representatives from the City and Consultant,
Spokane County, Sunshine Recycling and Disposal, WM (Waste Management) and the
Department of Ecology. The TAC met five times where the following items were discussed:
Draft versions of the Solid Waste Program vision, goals and actions (to support and
accomplish the goals)
Implementation of the latest solid waste legislation
Supporting data to be collected including tonnages of different solid waste streams and
needed facility improvements
Plan layout, chapters and specific items to discuss
The draft Plan has been reviewed by the TAC and was presented to Council on September 2,
2025 to initiate the review process which will continue through October 6, 2025. Concurrent with
the Council’s review, the Plan was posted on the City Solid Waste website for public review and
announcements were provided through the city’s enews, social media posts and website.
Public review will also continue through October 6, 2025. Council and public comments received
will be incorporated into the Plan to then go to Ecology for review. If Council and/or public
comments are substantive the revised plan will once again be brought to Council for review and
comment before being sent to Ecology. Ecology comments will be incorporated and then the
final plan will go out again for review, comment and revision with a final adoption by the Council.
OPTIONS: Conduct Public Hearing
RECOMMENDED ACTION OR MOTION: Conduct Public Hearing
BUDGET/FINANCIAL IMPACTS: None for this specific topic.
STAFF CONTACT: Erik Lamb, Deputy City Manager
Robert Blegen, PE, Public Works Director
___________________________________________________________________________
ATTACHMENTS:
Draft Solid Waste and Hazardous Waste Management Plan
Presentation
Public Comments received as of 9-25-25
Solid andModerate Risk
Waste Management Plan
2025 THROUGH 2029
CITY OF SPOKANE VALLEY
Solid and Moderate Risk
Waste Management Plan
2025 Through 2029
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Figure 6-2 Residential (Curbside) Recycling Contamination and Tonnages in Spokane Valley (Source:
WM Reports)..............................................................................................................................................
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Figure 6-11Photographs of Sorting Activities During Recycling Audit..................................................
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Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Chapter 70A.205Revised Code of Washington (RCW): Solid Waste Management Reduction
and Recycling
Chapter 70A.300 RCW: Hazardous Waste Management
Figure 1-1-Spokane Valley Vicinity Map
1.1Solid Waste Management in Spokane Valley
1.1.1History
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
1.1.2Current Practices
1.2Solid Waste Management Planning in Spokane Valley
1.2.1Inaugural (2014) Plan
1.Ensure convenient and reliable services for managing solid waste.
2.Promote the use of innovative and economical waste handling methods.
3.Encourage public-private partnerships where possible.
4.Emphasize waste reductionas a fundamental management strategy.
5.Encourage the recovery of marketable resources from solid waste.
6.Assist the State in maintaining its goal of a 50 percent recyclingrate.
7.Ensure compliance with state and local solid and moderate-risk wasteregulations.
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
8.Assist those who sell and use products containing hazardousingredients to minimize risks to
public health and the environment.
9.Provide customers with information and education to promote recommended waste management
practices.
10.goals, especially for the five key initiatives: increased
diversionof organicmaterials; increased use of green building methods; improved management
of small-volume hazardouswastes; improved management of industrial wastes; and measuring
progress.
11.Address and reduce the contaminationfound in recyclables.
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
Table 1-1-Implementation Status of 2014 SWMPRecommended Activities
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
1.2.2Updated (2025) Plan
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
2.0 BACKGROUND INFORMATION
2.1Planning Area and Demographics
2.1.1City Landscape
1
1
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
2.1.2Population
2
Figure 2-1-Spokane Valley Population, Historic & Projected
2.1.3Demographics
3
2
3
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
4
2.1.4Economy
5
2.1.5Environment
4
5
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
2.2Planning Congruency
2.2.1Spokane Valley Comprehensive Plan
(2017)
2.2.2Countywide Planning Policies for
Spokane County (2022)
2.2.3Washington State Solid and Moderate Risk Waste Management Plan(2021)
Figure 2-2-Beyond WastePlan Vision and Priorities
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
2.3Impactful Industry Events
2.3.1National SwordPolicy
2.3.2Pandemic
2.3.3Local Fires
6
7
6
7
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
2.3.4Regional Storms
8
9
2.4Industry Legislation
2.4.120172018
2.4.220192020
8
9
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
2.4.32021-2022
2.4.42023 -2024
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
2.4.52025
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
3.0 PROGRAM VISION AND GOALS
Figure 3-12014 Solid Waste Program Vision Statment
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
3.1Goals
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
4.0 WASTE STREAMS
4.1Municipal Solid Waste
4.1.1Municipal Solid Waste in Washington
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
10
11
10
11
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
4.1.2Municipal Solid Waste in the SpokaneRegion
3.7%
Residuals
4.3%
4.0%
Hazardous / Special Waste
1.7%
9.4%
Consumer Products
7.4%
8.7%
Construction Materials
10.7%
9.8%
Wood Debris
13.5%
20.9%
Organics
22.8%
7.2%
Metal
7.5%
2.0%
Glass
2.3%
7.0%
Plastic Products
5.8%
8.3%
Plastic Packaging
7.4%
7.3%
Paper Products
6.9%
11.8%
Paper Packaging
9.8%
0.0%5.0%10.0%15.0%20.0%25.0%
StatewideEastern/Spokane Region
Figure 4-1-State and East Region Waste Stream Compositionby Weight
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
4.1.3Municipal Solid Waste in Spokane Valley
4.2Garbage
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
4.3Recyclables
4.4Organics
4.4.1Green Waste(Yard Waste)
Grass clippings
Bush and tree clippings
Weeds
Leaves
4.4.2Wood Waste
4.4.3Food Waste
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
4.5Construction and Demolition (C&D) Waste
4.6Inert Waste
4.7BiomedicalWaste
Animal waste/carcasses or bedding of animals infected with pathogenic microorganisms
infectious to humans
Human blood and blood products
Pathological waste
Sharps
Untreated biomedical waste is handled separately from regular garbage and cannot be disposed of in a
landfill unless it has been autoclaved to kill pathogens.
4.8Asbestos
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
Building materials (roof shingles, siding, insulation, old linoleum, ceiling or floor tiles)
Auto parts (brakes, spark plugs, mufflers, air conditioning, clutches, hood liners, gaskets, valves)
Cement
Heat-resistant fabrics (blankets, firefighting gear, lab equipment)
4.9Street Sweepings andVactor Waste
4.10ModerateRisk Wastes
4.11E-Waste
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
4.12Miscellaneous Wastes
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
5.0 MSW COLLECTION, TRANSFER, TRANSPORT &
DISPOSAL
Solid and Moderate Risk Waste Management Plan
5.1Collection
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
5.1.1Residential Collection Programs
12
12
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
WM Residential Collection
25,000
20,000
15,000
10,000
5,000
0
2018201920202021202220232024
RecyclingOrganicsGarbage
Figure 5-3-WMResidential Curbside Collection Tonnages 2018-2024(Source: WM Reports)
5.1.2BiomedicalWaste Collection
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
5.1.3CommercialCollection Programs
WM Commercial Garbage Collection
35,000.0
30,000.0
25,000.0
20,000.0
Commercial
Roll-Off
15,000.0
Total
10,000.0
5,000.0
0.0
2018201920202021202220232024
Figure 5-4-WMMulti-Family and CommercialGarbageCollection Tonnages(Source: WM Reports)
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
5.2Transfer
5.2.1Garbage
UTS Garbage Tonnages
100,000
90,000
80,000
70,000
60,000
50,000
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
2015201620172018201920202021202220232024
TotalCommercial HaulersSelf Haulers
Figure 5-5-UTSGarbageTonnages(Source: Sunshine Reports)
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
2015201620172018201920202021202220232024
Designated Haulers Tonnage %Self-Haulers Tonnage %
Figure 5-6Tonnage Split Between Commercial and Residential Customers at the UTS
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
2015201620172018201920202021202220232024
Designated Haulers Trips %Self-Haulers Trips %
Figure 5-7Trips Split Between Commercial and Residential Customers at the UTS
5.2.2Recyclables
5.2.3Organics
5.2.4UTS Management
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
5.3Transport and Disposal
5.3.1Garbage
5.3.2Emergency Disaster Debris Management
5.3.3Recyclables
5.3.4Organics
5.3.5Construction and Demolition (C&D) Waste & Inert Waste
5.3.6BiomedicalWaste
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
5.3.7Asbestos
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
5.3.8Street Sweeping/Vactor Waste
5.3.9ModerateRisk Waste
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
MRW
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
2015201620172018201920202021202220232024
Figure 5-9-MRWTonnagesCollected at the UTS
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
6.0WASTEREDUCTION, REUSE,&RECYCLING
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
Figure 6-1EPAHierarchy for Solid Waste Management
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
6.1Waste Reduction
6.2Reuse
6.3Recycling
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
6.3.1Recycling Contamination
non-recyclablepaper,
plastics, metals, and loose materials such as foodand textiles. Further details and findings of the
Recycling Audit and Characterization Study can be referenced in Section 6.5.2.
13
13
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
Residential Recycling Contamination and Tonnages
20.0%7,000
18.0%
6,000
16.0%
5,000
14.0%
12.0%
4,000
10.0%
3,000
8.0%
6.0%
2,000
4.0%
1,000
2.0%
0.0%0
2018201920202021202220232024
% ContaminationTonnage
Figure 6-2Residential (Curbside) Recycling Contaminationand Tonnagesin Spokane Valley (Source: WM Reports)
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
6.3.2WM SMaRT Center
recycling facility owned and operated by WM,
6.3.3Curbside Recycling Options
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
14
15
1617
Table 6-1Curbside Recycling OptionsPros and Cons
Recycling ApproachProsCons
6.3.4Residential Curbside Recycling
14
15
16
17
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
WM Residential Recycling
7,000.0
6,500.0
6,000.0
5,500.0
5,000.0
4,500.0
4,000.0
2018201920202021202220232024
Figure 6-3WMResidential (Curbside) Recycling Tonnages(Source: WM Reports)
6.3.5Recycling Drop-Off
UTS Recycling Tonnages
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
2015201620172018201920202021202220232024
Figure 6-4-Recycling Tonnages Collected at the UTS(Source: Washington Department of Ecology)
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
6.3.6CommercialRecycling
6.4Product Stewardship Programs
6.4.1Paint Recycling: PaintCare
6.4.2Mercury Lights: LightRecycle
6.4.3Solar Panel Stewardship
6.4.4Battery Stewardship
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
6.5DesignatingRecyclables
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
WM Residential Recycling
Tin
Scrap Metal
Contaminants
Plastics #3-7
PET Plastic
Newspaper
2019
Natural HDPE Plastic
2024
Mixed Paper
Glass
Colored HDPE Plastic
Cardboard
Aluminum
05001,0001,5002,0002,500
Figure 6-5WMResidential (Curbside) Recycling Tonnages(Source: WM Reports)
6.5.1Recycling Markets
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
Commodity Pricing (Per Ton) in Washington State
$2,000
$1,800
$1,600
$1,400
$1,200
Operation
National
$1,000
Sword
$800
Recession
$600
$400
$200
$0
2001200320052007200920112013201520172019
PlasticMixed PaperBaled News
Baled AlumCardboardTin
Figure 6-6-Washington Recycling Commodity Pricing(Source: Mill Trade Journal Recycling Markets)
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
PNW Plastics
$2,200
$1,800
$1,400
$1,000
$600
$200
-$200
Oct-15Oct-16Oct-17Oct-18Oct-19Oct-20Oct-21Oct-22Oct-23Oct-24Oct-25
PETNatural HDPEColored HDPEPP#3-#7
Figure 6-7-PNW Commodity Pricing for Recycled Plastics(Source: RecyclingMarkets.net)
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
PNW Fibers
$180
$160
$140
$120
$100
$80
$60
$40
$20
$0
-$20
Oct-15Oct-16Oct-17Oct-18Oct-19Oct-20Oct-21Oct-22Oct-23Oct-24Oct-25
Mixed PaperCardbaord
Figure 6-8-PNW Commodity Pricing for RecycledFibers(Source: RecyclingMarkets.net)
PNW Metals
$2,500
$2,000
$1,500
$1,000
$500
$0
Oct-15Oct-16Oct-17Oct-18Oct-19Oct-20Oct-21Oct-22Oct-23Oct-24Oct-25
AluminumSteel
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
Figure 6-9-PNW Commodity Pricing for RecycledMetals(Source: RecyclingMarkets.net)
PNW Glass
$40
$30
$20
$10
$0
-$10
-$20
-$30
-$40
Oct-15Oct-16Oct-17Oct-18Oct-19Oct-20Oct-21Oct-22Oct-23Oct-24Oct-25
Mixed GlassAmber GlassGreen Glass
Figure 6-10-PNW Commodity Pricing for Recycled Glass(Source: RecyclingMarkets.net)
6.5.2Recycling Audit and CharacterizationStudy
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
Figure 6-11Photographs of Sorting Activities During Recycling Audit
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
Recycling Composition
Contaminants,
16.9%
Glass, 16.9%
Paper, 51.3%
Metals, 8.8%
Plastic, 16.8%
Figure 6-12Composition of Materials fromRecycling Audit
Paper
Aseptic Boxes &
Cartons
Newspaper
Boxboard (chipboard)
Cardboard
Mixed Paper
Figure 6-13Breakdown of PaperRecyclingfrom Recycling Audit
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
Plastics
#5 Polypropylene
Plastics
#2 Colored HDPE
Plastic
#2 Natural HDPE
Plastic
#1 PET Plastics
Figure 6-14-Breakdown of Plastics Recyclingfrom Recycling Audit
Metals
Scrap Metal
Aluminum Beverage
Cans
Tin
Other Aluminum
Figure 6-15-Breakdown of Metals Recyclingfrom Recycling Audit
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
6.5.3Recycling ContaminationRecycling Contamination
Contaminants
Non-Recyclable
Paper
Plastics #3-7
Residual Wastes
Styrofoam
Bulky Rigid Plastics
Plastic Bags & Film
Remainder Plastics
Tanglers
Scrap Metal
Figure 6-16-Breakdown of Contaminantsfrom Recycling Audit
6.5.4Ranking Recyclables
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
1.AluminumAluminum(Cans):Aluminum is widely recognized as the poster child of recycling. Its uniform
compositioncomposition, low in weight, and nearly universal acceptance in curbsideprograms make it
extremely easy for residents to collect and for processors to handle. The recycling process itself extremely easy for residents to collect and for processors to handle. The recycling
process itself
is energy efficient and the payouts from scrap recycling add an economic incentive that reinforces is energy efficient and the payouts from scrap recycling add an economic incentive
that reinforces
its prominence.its prominence.
2.SteelSteel(Cans):Much like aluminum, steel, commonly found in foodand beverage cans, benefits
from a wellfrom a well-established collectionnetwork. It is robust against contamination, and local facilities
are set up to recapture this material with minimal processing complications. The fact that steel are set up to recapture this material with minimal processing complications. The fact
that steel
retains its value over multiple recyclingretains its value over multiple recyclingcycles further enhances its collection and reuseprocess.
3.CardboardCardboard(Corrugated Boxes and Packaging):With the rise of e-commerce, cardboardis
everywhere. While its bulky nature and frequent contaminationeverywhere. While its bulky nature and frequent contamination(from tape, glue, or foodresidues)
can complicate processing, many local recyclingcan complicate processing, many local recyclingprograms provide separate or dropoff options
for cardboard. This makes it easy to collect, though processing requires additional sorting or for cardboard. This makes it easy to collect, though processing requires additional sorting
or
cleaning in some cases. Like other papercleaning in some cases. Like other paperbased commodities, cardboard must be stored under
cover to prevent moisture contamination.cover to prevent moisture contamination.
4.PETPETPlastics (Resin #1, Soda Bottles):PET plasticsthrive in single-stream recyclingprograms.
Their clear labeling and straightforward identification help residents sort them easily. While a Their clear labeling and straightforward identification help residents sort them easily.
While a
quick rinse is generally needed to avoid contaminationquick rinse is generally needed to avoid contamination, the extensive local infrastructure and
processing systems ensure PET bottles are rapidly reprocessed into new products.processing systems ensure PET bottles are rapidly reprocessed into new products.
5.HDPEHDPEPlastics (Resin #2, Milk Jugs,):HDPE is one of the most readily used plasticsand one of
the easiest plastic polymers to recycle. It is also easily collected curbsidethe easiest plastic polymers to recycle. It is also easily collected curbsideand simple
air/mechanical air/mechanical
6.PaperPaperProducts (Office Paper, Newspapers):Paper is ubiquitous in nearly every household
and office. Although relatively easy to collect through standard curbsideand office. Although relatively easy to collect through standard curbsidepickup, paper
recyclability can hinge on preventing contaminationrecyclability can hinge on preventing contamination(for example, by foodor oils) and maintaining
fiber quality. fiber quality.
7.GlassGlass(Bottles and Jars):Although glassis endlessly recyclablewithout losing quality, it
presents challenges in collectionpresents challenges in collection. Its fragility increases the likelihood of breakage during
collection, its high weight makes it economically and environmentally prohibitive to transportcollection, its high weight makes it economically and environmentally prohibitive to transportlong
distances, and when local distances, and when local recyclingoptionsare not available, the material is instead beneficially
re--used, often as a replacement for gravel in landfill access roadsor for landfill daily cover. Many
municipalities in the municipalities in the northwest have shifted from curbsideglass collection to designated drop-off
points. However, this extra handling step can make glass somewhat less convenient to recycle on points. However, this extra handling step can make glass somewhat less convenient to recycle
on
a residentiala residentialbasis.
8.OtherOtherMiscellaneous/MixedPlastics (HDPE, LDPE, PVC, etc.):Beyond PETand bulky HDPE,
other plasticsother plasticsoften require more stringent sorting protocols due to the variety of resin types and
the potential for contaminationthe potential for contamination.The diversity and sometimes unclear labeling of these plastics
add hurdles both for collectors and processors.add hurdles both for collectors and processors.Segregating the different plastics at the MRF
often requires sophisticated and/or expensive technologies.often requires sophisticated and/or expensive technologies.
9.Specialty Metals (e.g., CopperSpecialty Metals (e.g., Copper):Copper and similar specialty metalsare highly valuable and
100% recyclable100% recyclablebin.
Instead, these materials are typically collected via scrap metal programs or specialized facilities. Instead, these materials are typically collected via scrap metal programs or specialized
facilities.
As a result, while the recycling process itself is efficient, the overall ease of collectionAs a result, while the recycling process itself is efficient, the overall ease of collectionin
a
residentialresidentialsetting is lower.
This rankingrankingreflects common patterns in the region where municipalities frequently design their recycling
systems around the materials most likely to originate from householdssystems around the materials most likely to originate from households
infrastructure favors items that are both widely produced and straightforward to sort while materials like infrastructure favors items that are both widely produced and straightforward
to sort while materials like
specialty metalsspecialty metalsand glassare better captured through targeted initiatives.
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
Figure 6-18Designated RecyclablesList
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
7.0ORGANICS
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
7.1Residential OrganicsProgram
WM Residential Green Waste
11,000.0
10,500.0
10,000.0
9,500.0
9,000.0
8,500.0
2018201920202021202220232024
Figure 7-1WMResidential (Curbside) Green Waste Tonnages(Source: WM Reports)
7.2OrganicsDrop-Off Program
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
UTS Green Waste
8,000
7,000
6,000
5,000
4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
0
2015201620172018201920202021202220232024
Figure 7-2-UTSGreen Waste Tonnages(Source: Sunshine)
7.3CommercialOrganicsProgram
18
7.4OrganicsMarket
18
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
Figure 7-3Barr-TechFacility
7.5Opportunities and Limitations
Statewide MSW Characterization
900,000
800,000
700,000
600,000
500,000
400,000
300,000
200,000
100,000
0
CommericalResidentialSelf-Haul
Figure 7-4-Statewide MSWCharacterization(Source: Washington Ecology)
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
7.6OrganicsRegulations
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
Figure 7-5OrganicsLaw Implementation Timeline
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
Figure 7-6Spokane County Potential Organics Facility Siting Map(Source: Spokane County)
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
8.0EDUCATION AND OUTREACH
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
8.1WMProgram
Cart Decals:all recyclingcontainers/carts are identified with a list of proper recyclables, a
telephone number and a website to obtain more information.
Website:The website (www.wmnorthwest.com/spokanevalley) provides information on recycling,
yard and food waste, and garbage collectionfor single and multi-family residences and
businessesalong with literature developed by WM.
Annual Service Guide:An updated service guide is available on WM
distributed via mail or e-mail annually to all residentialcustomers. The 2024-2025 service guide
provides information on proper cart use, reduction,and reuseideas and websites for additional
waste resources.
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
Email:Emails specific to service questions (pnwrsservices@wm.com
recycleinlandnw@wm.com) are provided.
Oops Tags:WMdrivers use Oops tags to notify customers when they have placed the wrong
items in a recyclingcart.
Call Center:A toll-free phone line is provided that accepts voicemails 24 hours a day and is
answered by a live person during business hours.
Events: WM regularly attends and has a table at local events from which they hand out
informational materials and answer questions.WM also hosts events like Touch-a-Truck and
sponsor youth education events including Unlock Your Future.
Customer Service Office:Located at 11321 East Indiana Road, this office is open for walk-in
customers.
MyWM App:Android and iPhone application that was designed for tech-savvy customers to
access account information, request services, and check schedules.
8.2SunshineProgram
Email:A general emailaddress (service@sunshinedisposal.com) is provided and monitored for
questions and issues.
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
8.3City Program
8.4Waste-Type SpecificPrograms
8.4.1Asbestos
8.4.2MRW
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
8.5Opportunities
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
9.0IMPLEMENTATION PLAN
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
9.1Introduction
9.2Six-Year Implementation Schedule
Figure 9-1Recap of Plan Goals
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
9.3Funding
Figure 9-2Funding Sources and the Programs Supported
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
9.4Twenty-Year Capital Improvements Schedule
2015-2045 Population and Total Waste (MSW) Projections
250,000
200,000
150,000
100,000
50,000
0
2015202020252030203520402045
Total Waste (Tons)Population
19
Figure 9-3-UTSWaste (MSW) and Spokane Valley Population Forecasts
9.5Facility Capacities and Improvements
19
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
9.5.1Barr-Tech
9.5.2SMaRTCenter
9.5.3Adams Reginal County Landfill
9.5.4Sunshine University Transfer Station
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
Figure 9-4University Transfer Station
9.5.5Sullivan Road Transfer Station
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
10.0 ENFORCEMENT AND ADMINISTRATION
10.1Spokane Regional Health District
10.2Washington State Agencies and Regulations
10.2.1State Environmental Policy Act
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
10.2.2Collection (WM) and Drop-box Contracts(WM& Sunshine)
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
APPENDIX A
Appendix A
Regulatory Compliance
APPENDIX A
Appendix A
Regulatory Compliance
Chapter 70A.205 RCW The Washington State Solid Waste Management Waste Reduction and
Recycling Act, assigns local government the primary responsibility for managing solid waste (Washington
State Legislature, 2020). In 1989, the Washington State Legislature amended this chapter to provide
added direction to local governments to incorporate waste reduction and source separation strategies into
coordinated systems of solid waste management. The purpose of the chapter is to protect the
environment and health of our residents as well as conserve resources in our state.
The purpose and authority for solid waste planning is derived from Chapter 70A.205 RCW (Washington
State Legislature, 2020). This chapter contains the regulatory requirements that each plan must
encompass. Each of these regulations is listed in Table A.1, along with the section in the Plan for where
the regulation is met. Also included in this section are the required elements for Moderate Risk Waste
Plans.
Table A.1. Regulatory Compliance Summary Table
Solid Waste Management Planning ElementRegulation or OrdinanceSection
Inventory of Existing Facilities, Capacities, and Deficiencies.RCW 70A.205.045(1)5.3.2
Twenty-Year Projection of Facility NeedsRCW 70A.205.045(2)9.4
Review of Federal, State, and Local Regulations and Ordinances
Related to Solid Waste planning (Including Relevant Impacts on RCW 70A.205.045(3)2.4
Land Use Planning)
Financing Solid Waste Infrastructure and Operations Six Year
RCW 70A.205.045(3)(c)9.2
Capital Program for Solid Waste Facilities
Financing Solid Waste Infrastructure and Operations Funding
RCW 70A.205.045(3)(d)9.3
Strategy
Surveillance and ControlRCW 70A.205.045(4)10.0
Waste Collection Description of Service Areas and NeedsRCW 70A.205.045(5)5.1
Waste Collection WUTC Hauler AreasRCW 70A.205.045(5)(a)&(b)5.1
Waste Collection Population DensitiesRCW 70A.205.045(5)(c)2.1.2
Waste Collection Six Year NeedsRCW 70A.205.045(5)(d)9.2
Waste Reduction and Recycling Programs -Reduce Waste
RCW 70A.205.045(6)6.1
Generated
Waste Reduction and Recycling Programs -Source Separation
RCW 70A.205.045(6)6.1
Incentives/Mechanisms
Waste Reduction and Recycling Programs -Recycling
RCW 70A.205.045(6)6.3
Opportunities
Recycling and Waste Diversion Waste Reduction StrategiesRCW 70A.205.045(7)(a)6.1
Recycling and Waste Diversion Source Separation, UrbanRCW 70A.205.045(7)(b)(i)6.1
Recycling and Waste Diversion Source Separation, RuralRCW 70A.205.045(7)(b)(i)6.1
Recycling and Waste Diversion Non-Residential MonitoringRCW 70A.205.045(7)(b)(ii)6.1
Recycling and Waste Diversion Organics ManagementRCW 70A.205.045(7)(b)(iii)7.0
Recycling and Waste Diversion Education ProgramsRCW 70A.205.045(7)(b)(iv)8.0
Recycling and Waste Diversion Designation of Recyclable
RCW 70A.205.045(7)(c)6.4
Materials
A-1
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
APPENDIX A
Solid Waste Management Planning ElementRegulation or OrdinanceSection
Recycling and Waste Diversion Description of Markets RCW 70A.205.045(7)(c)6.4.2
Recycling and Waste Diversion Review of Waste Generation
RCW 70A.205.045(7)(c)6.4.3
Trends
Recycling and Waste Diversion Description of Waste
RCW 70A.205.045(7)(c)6.4.3
Composition
Recycling and Waste Diversion Description of Existing and
RCW 70A.205.045(7)(c)6.4.2
Future Programs
Recycling and Waste Diversion Implementation ScheduleRCW 70A.205.045(7)(c)9.2
Assessment of Plan Costs on Solid Waste Collection (WUTC
RCW 70A.205.045(8)9.3
review)
RCW 70A.205.045(9) & RCW
Facility Siting Requirements10.0
70A.205.110
CROP -Recycling Contamination ReductionRCW 70A.205.045(10)(a)6.0
CROP -Key ContaminantsRCW 70A.205.045(10)(b)6.0
CROP -Impact of Key Contaminants on CollectionRCW 70A.205.045(10)(c)6.0
CROP -Impact/Costs of Key Contaminants to SystemRCW 70A.205.045(10)(d)6.0
CROP -Implementation ScheduleRCW 70A.205.045(10)(e)11.0
Waste Collection Urban and Rural DesignationRCW 70A.205.0505.1
Organics Collection -Urban ResidentsRCW 70A.205.1027.1
Organics Collection -BusinessesRCW 70A.205.1027.3
Organics -Plan for Implementing Organics CollectionRCW 70A.205.103(3)(a)7.5
Organics -Identify Potential Composting SitesRCW 70A.205.103(3)(a)(i)7.5
SWAC ParticipationRCW 70A.205.1103.0
Hazardous Waste Assessment of Moderate Risk WasteRCW 70A.300.350(1)(a)4.9
Hazardous Waste Public Involvement and EducationRCW 70A.300.350(1)(b)8.4.2
Hazardous Waste Hazards of Improper Use and DisposalRCW 70A.300.350(1)(b)(i)4.9
Hazardous Waste Proper Handling, Reducing, Recycling, and
RCW 70A.300.350(1)(b)(ii)4.9
Disposing
Hazardous Waste Inventory of Generators and Managers of
RCW 70A.300.350(1)(c)4.9
Waste
Hazardous Waste Public Involvement in Developing PlanRCW 70A.300.350(1)(d)8.4.2
Hazardous Waste Eligible ZonesRCW 70A.300.350(1)(e)4.9
Hazardous Waste Local Government ElementsRCW 70A.300.350(1)(f)8.4.2
Hazardous Waste Coordination with Other Hazardous Materials-
RCW 70A.300.350(2)2..4
Related Plans
Hazardous Waste Coordination with Privately Owned Hazardous
RCW 70A.300.350(3)2.4
Waste Facilities
Hazardous Waste Preparation of Hazardous Waste Guidelines
RCW 70A.300.350(4)2.4
and Reviewing Pilot Project
Hazardous Waste Consultation with Local Groups for Public
RCW 70A.300.350(5)8.4.2
Education
Locally Defined Amendment ProcessRecommended by EcologyAppendix B
Support of States SWMP and PrioritiesRecommended by Ecology2.4
SWAC Bylaws Recommended by EcologyN/A
Transmittal LetterRequired by Ecology
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APPENDIX A
Solid Waste Management Planning ElementRegulation or OrdinanceSection
Interlocal AgreementsRequired by EcologyN/A
Evidence of Public Meeting(s)Required by Ecology
Resolution of Plan Adoption from All JurisdictionsRequired by EcologyN/A
Comments and Responses From Ecology and WUTC ReviewRequired by Ecology
SEPA DocumentationRequired by EcologyAppendix D
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APPENDIX B
Appendix B
Spokane Valley History
APPENDIX B
Appendix B
Spokane Valley History
B.1History
The solid waste program in Spokane Valley has evolved in parallel with broader shifts in environmental
policy and regional growth. In its early years,as part of the greater Spokane area, the not yet
incorporated cityrelied on conventional, often unregulated waste disposalmethods typical of mid-20th-
century practiceswhich included open dumps and minimal infrastructure. The history of solid waste
management in Spokane County mirrors the broader evolution seen throughout Washington State,
evolving from unregulated dumping practices to a modern, highly structured system rooted in
environmental stewardship and public health.
A significant turning point came with the statewide regulatory reforms during the early 1960s. In 1961,
under the oversight of the Washington Utilities and Transportation Commission (WUTC), solid waste
collectioncompanies were issued certificates of Public Necessity and Convenience. This move, from
treating waste disposalmerely as a service to regulating it as an essential public utility, helped ensure
that waste was collected safely and efficiently across the state. This regulatory framework laid the
groundwork for subsequent legislative action.
The passage of the Solid Waste Management Actin 1969 further transformed the industry by transferring
the primary responsibility for solid waste management from private entities to local governments. For the
Spokane area,this meant that local authorities began to develop comprehensive programsand strategies
tailored to the unique challenges of their region. These early local initiatives focused on creating
structured solid waste management programs that emphasized sanitary and environmentally responsible
collectionand disposal.
Management Systemand the City participated in the Spokane County Solid Waste Management Plan
(SWMP
agreement with the Spokane Regional Solid Waste Management System expired. Prior to this expiration
and in view of it, the City Council considered options and voted to assume responsibility of managing the
solid waste generated in the City.
This responsibility was progressively assumed primarily through the following key Council actions:
In 2014 contracting for University Road Transfer Station
Solid Waste Management Plan and Moderate Risk Waste Plan.
In 2016contracting for the collectionof garbage, recyclables, and compostables and
contracting (2 contracts) for Solid Waste Drop BoxServices. Note the City also allows citizens
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APPENDIX B
the option of self-haulingtheir solid waste including garbage, recyclables, compostables
(organics, appliances, and household hazardouswastestation, as well as
gives citizens the opportunity to sign up for recycling service only.
In 2021
Reduction and Outreach Plan (CROP).
In 2024 the City signed a new contract for the University Road Transfer Station operation.
Today, as required in Chapter 70A.205RCW and Chapter 70A.300 RCW, the City has a Solid Waste and
waste collection, recycling, and disposaland also the handling of Moderate Risk Waste (MRW) while
promoting waste reductionand contaminationmitigation. By law, this plan needs to be kept current,
reviewed, and revised periodically.
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APPENDIX C
Appendix C
Plan Amendment Process
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APPENDIX C
Appendix C
Plan Amendment Process
C.1Plan Updates
Ecology requires local governments to maintain their solid waste plans in current condition. To
accomplish this, this SWMP will be reviewed periodically, but no less than annually and updated as
needed through minor edits, and amendment or a formal revision. The difference between these plan
changes is the review required for each.
Minor Edits: Minor edits to plan may be required to keep the plan current with actual conditions. Minor
edits include small changes that do not require review from the City Council or Ecology. Examples of
minor edits include fixing spelling or grammatical errors, changing a phone number or address, or
modifying expiration dates of contracts.
Amendments:Are substantiative, yet minor changes that generally occur within the five-year time period
after a solid waste plan is approved. These changes that may occur, whether due to internal decisions or
external factors, can be adopted through review and approval of the City Council. For these types of
changes, Ecology will be notified of the change but a formal review/revision process and associated
public comment period is not required. Examples of these types of changes could include amending the
list of designated recyclables or adding a new task to the Education and Outreach program.
Revisions:Revisions are more significant changes that, in addition to city Council approval, could require
review and approval by Ecology and/or opportunities for public review and comment. A revision to the
plan is a minimum of every five years. This Plan will becompleted in 2025 and will require a revision
process to begin no later than 2030. Outside this revision period, if major modifications are made to the
solid waste program, the Plan may require a revision. Examples of these types changes could include the
addition of a program or elements required to comply with new regulations, a change to the designated
waste transfer facility, or removal or a program due to industry changes.
C.2Plan Amendment Process
To propose Plan amendments before the scheduled formal revision, individuals or organizations will
petition the City of Spokane Valley in writing. The petition will describe the proposed amendment, its
specific objectives, and explain why immediate action is needed prior to the next scheduled review. The
Public Works Director will investigate the basis for the petition and prepare a recommendation for the City
Manager.
If the City Manager decides that the petition warrants further consideration, the Public Works Director will
draft a proposed amendment. This process will also be used if City staff initiate amendments to the Plan.
The proposed amendment will be submitted to the City Council and undergo the normal review and
approval process. Depending on the degree of change, an amendment will be added to the Plan or an
official Revision of the Plan will be made.
Implicit in the development and adoption of this Plan is the understanding that emergency actions may
need to be taken by the City in the future for various reasons, and that these actions can be undertaken
without needing to amend this Plan beforehand. For instance, an accident, fire or other mishap could
interrupt transfer or disposal services and create a temporary or longer-term need for alternative disposal
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APPENDIX C
arrangements. In the case of an emergency, City staff will inform Ecology and other key stakeholders as
soon as feasibly possible, but not necessarily before new actions are implemented. If the emergency
results in permanent and significant changes to the System, an amendment or revision to this Plan will be
prepared. If, however, the emergency actions are only undertaken on a temporary or short-term basis, it
will not be considered necessary.
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APPENDIX D
Appendix D
Hazardous Waste Inventory
APPENDIX D
Appendix D
Inventory of Dangerous Waste Generators
and Handling Facilities
D.1Inventory and Zoning
RCW 70A.300.350(a) requires MRW plans to contain an assessment of the quantities, types, generators
and fate of MRW in each jurisdiction. The following information addresses potential MRW generators,
dangerous waste generators (i.e., large-quantity generators), contaminated sites, transporters and
D.1.1Potential MRW Generators and Participation in MRW Collections
The data necessary to conduct an assessment of the current rate of MRW generation and participation in
MRW collection programs is unavailable, since the City has not previously operated its own MRW
collection program.
D.1.2Dangerous Waste Generators
registered as hazardous waste generators as of August 2014:
7 large-quantity generators
6 medium-quantity generators
1
9 small-quantity generators
9 non-generating sites and transporters with active EPA or state identification numbers, but who
did not generate waste in the most recent year.
In addition, there are assumed to be other businesses in the City that could be small generators of
hazardous wastes, including car repair shops, hospitals, dentists, furniture refinishers, veterinarians, and
various construction companies, that have not registered with Ecology. Many of these companies are
likely small-quantity generators that are handling their wastes properly and hence not subject to reporting
requirements.
D.1.3Remedial Action Sites
www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/tcp/cleanup.html. The sites can be summarized in five categories (data on the
number of sites shown below is current as of August 2014):
Brownfield Sites: There are no brownfield sites identified in the City. Brownfield sites are
abandoned or under-utilized properties where potential liability due to environmental
contamination and clean-up costs complicate redevelopment.
1
This figure includes only those small-quantity generators that have chosen at their option to get an EPA
identification number, and the actual number of small-quantity generators is assumed to be higher.
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APPENDIX D
Environmental Covenants Register: There are two sites in the City that are identified for the
environmental covenants registry. This registry is a list of sites that have residual contamination
after clean-up has been completed. These sites have environmental covenants or deed
restrictions limiting the types of uses for the property.
Leaking Underground Storage Tanks: There are no leaking underground storage tank sites
identified in the City.
State Clean-Up Sites: There are eleven sites shown for the City on the list of cleanup sites:
o Contaminated Sites 4 sites. There are four sites in the City where cleanup activities
have been initiated but not yet completed.
o No Further Action Sites 7 sites. These sites were previously on the Confirmed and
Suspected Contaminated Site list but have now received a No Further Action decision.
Two of these sites have deed restrictions or environmental covenants.
Regulated Underground Storage Tanks: There are 235 tanks shown on Ecology's list of regulated
underground storage tanks (as of August 2014). Of these, 136 are listed as operational, 84 have
been removed, ten are exempt and five are temporarily closed. Mostof these sites are gas
stations, but the list also may include industries, commercial properties, and governmental
entities.
D.1.4Hazardous Waste Services (Transporters and Facilities)
There are numerous companies that are registered in Washington as hazardous waste transporters and
that could potentially provide services in the City.
D.1.5Zone Designations
As part of the development of the original MRW plans, local jurisdictions were required by State law
(RCW 70.105.225) to designate zones within their borders where hazardous waste facilities would be
permitted to operate and to notify Ecology by 1988 of those designations. The City was incorporated in
2003 and so could not perform this activity in 1988, but the current Spokane Valley Municipal Code
addresses hazardous storage and treatment facilities as an allowable use in industrial zones (with
supplemental conditions).
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APPENDIX E
Appendix E
SEPA
APPENDIX E
Appendix E
Checklists and Forms
E.1SEPA Checklist
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APPENDIX E
2
SEPAEnvironmental Checklist
Purpose of checklist
Governmental agencies use this checklist to help determine whether the environmental impacts of your
proposal are significant. This information is also helpful to determine if available avoidance, minimization, or
compensatory mitigation measures will address the probable significant impacts or if an environmental impact
statement will be prepared to further analyze the proposal.
Instructions for applicants
This environmental checklist asks you to describe some basic information about your proposal. Please answer
each question accurately and carefully, to the best of your knowledge. You may need to consult with an
agency specialist or private consultant for some questions.
only when you can explain why it does not apply and not when the answer is unknown. You may also attach
or incorporate by reference additional studies reports. Complete and accurate answers tothese questions
often avoid delays with the SEPA process as well as later in the decision-making process.
The checklist questions apply to all parts of your proposal, even if you plan to do them over a period of time
or on different parcels of land. Attach any additional information that will help describe your proposal or its
environmental effects. The agency to which you submit this checklist may ask you to explain your answers or
provide additional information reasonably related to determining if there may be significant adverse impact.
Instructions for lead agencies
Please adjust the format of this template as needed. Additional information may be necessary to evaluate the
existing environment, all interrelated aspects of the proposal and an analysis of adverse impacts. The checklist
is considered the first but not necessarily the only source of information needed to make an adequate
threshold determination. Once a threshold determination is made, the lead agency is responsible for the
completeness and accuracy of the checklist and other supporting documents.
Use of checklist for nonproject proposals
For nonproject proposals (such as ordinances, regulations, plans and programs), complete the applicable parts
of sections A and B, plus the Supplemental Sheet for Nonproject Actions (Part D). Please completely answer all
questions that apply and note that the words "project," "applicant," and "property or site" should be read as
"proposal," "proponent," and "affected geographic area," respectively. The lead agency may exclude (for non-
ibute meaningfully to the analysis of
the proposal.
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APPENDIX E
A. Background
3
Find help answering background questions
Name of proposed project, if applicable:
Spokane ValleySolid Waste Management Plan (SWMP)
Name of applicant:
Spokane Valley Public Works Department
Address and phone number of applicant and contact person:
Robert Blegen, (509)720-5320
10210 E. Sprague Avenue
Spokane Valley, WA 99206
Date checklist prepared:
June 12, 2025
Agency requesting checklist:
Washington State Department of Ecology.
Proposed timing of schedule (including phasing, if applicable):
The recommendations contained in the Solid Waste Management Plan will be implemented
primarily over the next five years.
Do you have any plans for future additions, expansion, or further activity related to or
connected with this proposal? If yes, explain.
State law requires that the Plan be reviewed every five years and updated if necessary.
List any environmental information you know about that has been prepared, or will be
prepared, directly related to this proposal.
No environmental information has been, or will be prepared, as part of this Plan update.
Do you know whether applications are pending for governmental approvals of other
proposals directly affecting the property covered by your proposal? If yes, explain.
No current applications are known to be pending for government approvals.
List any government approvals or permits that will be needed for your proposal, if known.
This Plan must be adopted by the Spokane Valley City Council and then the Washington State
Department of Ecology must approve the Plan.
Give brief, complete description of your proposal, including the proposed uses and the size of
the project and site. There are several questions later in this checklist that ask you to describe
certain aspects of your proposal. You do not need to repeat those answers on this page. (Lead
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APPENDIX E
agencies may modify this form to include additional specific information on project
description.)
Recommendations are made in this Plan for solid waste, moderate-risk waste, and other aspects
of the solid waste management system. Recommended actions include education and promotion,
assignment of implementation responsibilities, and a funding strategy.
Location of the proposal. Give sufficient information for a person to understand the precise
location of your proposed project, including a street address, if any, and section, township,
and range, if known. If a proposal would occur over a range of area, provide the range or
boundaries of the site(s). Provide a legal description, site plan, vicinity map, and topographic
map, if reasonably available. While you should submit any plans required by the agency, you
are not required to duplicate maps or detailedplans submitted with any permit applications
related to this checklist.
The activities described in the Plan will take place primarily in the City of Spokane Valley.
B. Environmental Elements
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Find help answering earth questions
a.General description of the site:
The City of Spokane Valleyspans approximately 38.5 square miles in eastern Washington,
nestled within Spokane County. Located just west of the Idaho border, Spokane Valley is
part of the scenic Inland Northwest region. The Spokane River, originating from Lake
o, flows through the city, shaping much of its northern boundary and
1,800 feet above sea level to gently rising hills and ridges. This diverse elevation creates a
landscape that includes lush riparian zones, open grasslands, and forested areas, all
framed by the Selkirk and Dishman Hills.
Circle or highlight one: Flat, rolling, hilly, steep slopes, mountainous, other:
Does not apply.
b.What is the steepest slope on the site (approximate percent slope)?
Does not apply.
c.What general types of soils are found on the site (for example, clay, sand, gravel, peat,
muck)? If you know the classification of agricultural soils, specify them, and note any
agricultural land of long-term commercial significance and whether the proposal
results in removing any of these soils.
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APPENDIX E
Does not apply.
d.Are there surface indications or history of unstable soils in the immediate vicinity? If
so, describe.
Does not apply.
e.Describe the purpose, type, total area, and approximate quantities and total affected area
of any filling, excavation, and grading proposed. Indicate source of fill.
Does not apply.
f.Could erosion occur because of clearing, construction, or use? If so, generally describe.
Does not apply.
g.About what percent of the site will be covered with impervious surfaces after project
construction (for example, asphalt or buildings)?
Does not apply.
h.Proposed measures to reduce or control erosion, or other impacts to the earth, if any.
Does not apply.
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a.What types of emissions to the air would result from the proposal during construction,
operation, and maintenance when the project is completed? If any, generally describe
and give approximate quantities if known.
Does not apply.
b.Are there any off-site sources of emissions or odor that may affect your proposal? If
so, generally describe.
Does not apply.
c.Proposed measures to reduce or control emissions or other impacts to air, if any:
Does not apply.
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a.Surface:
7
Find help answering surface water questions
1.Is there any surface water body on or in the immediate vicinity of the site (including
year-round and seasonal streams, saltwater, lakes, ponds, wetlands)? If yes, describe
type and provide names. If appropriate, state what stream or river it flows into.
The surface water resources within the City of Spokane Valley primarily consist of the
Spokane River and its associated tributaries, along with several smaller streams and
seasonal watercourses. The Spokane River, a major tributary of the Columbia River,
serves as a central hydrological feature. While the city itself does not encompass large
natural lakes, nearby bodies of water such as Liberty Lake and Newman Lake
water-based amenities.
2.Will the project require any work over, in, or adjacent to (within 200 feet) the
described waters? If yes, please describe and attach available plans.
Does not apply.
3.Estimate the amount of fill and dredge material that would be placed in or removed
from surface water or wetlands and indicate the area of the site that would be affected.
Indicate the source of fill material.
Does not apply.
4.Will the proposal require surface water withdrawals or diversions? Give a general
description, purpose, and approximate quantities if known.
Does not apply.
5.Does the proposal lie within a 100-year floodplain? If so, note location on the site
plan.
Does not apply.
6.Does the proposal involve any discharges of waste materials to surface waters? If
so, describe the type of waste and anticipated volume of discharge.
Does not apply.
b.Ground:
8
Find help answering groundwater questions
1.Will groundwater be withdrawn from a well for drinking water or other purposes? If so,
give a general description of the well, proposed uses and approximate quantities
withdrawn from the well. Will water be discharged to groundwater? Give a general
description, purpose, and approximate quantities if known.
6
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Water/Environmental-elements-Surface-water
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Does not apply.
2.Describe waste material that will be discharged into the ground from septic tanks
or other sources, if any (domestic sewage; industrial, containing the following
such systems, the number of houses to be served (if applicable), or the number of
animals or humans the system(s) are expected to serve.
Does not apply.
c.Water Runoff (including stormwater):
1.Describe the source of runoff (including storm water) and method of collection and
disposal, if any (include quantities, if known). Where will this water flow? Will this
water flow into other waters? If so, describe.
The existing solid waste facilities have runoff control and stormwater management
programs in place.
2.Could waste materials enter ground or surface waters? If so, generally describe.
No.
3.Does the proposal alter or otherwise affect drainage patterns in the vicinity of the
site? If so, describe.
No.
d.Proposed measures to reduce or control surface, ground, and runoff water, and
drainage pattern impacts, if any:
Control systems are in place to prevent waste materials from impacting surface, ground or
runoff water at transfer stations and at closed and operating landfills in the County.
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a.Check the types of vegetation found on the site:
deciduous tree: alder, maple, aspen, other
evergreen tree: fir, cedar, pine, other
shrubs
grass
pasture
crop or grain
orchards, vineyards, or other permanent crops.
wet soil plants: cattail, buttercup, bullrush, skunk cabbage, other
water plants: water lily, eelgrass, milfoil, other
other types of vegetation
Does not apply. The plan encompasses all of the City of Spokane Valley.
b.What kind and amount of vegetation will be removed or altered?
Does not apply.
c.List threatened and endangered species known to be on or near the site.
Does not apply.
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d.Proposed landscaping, use of native plants, or other measures to preserve or enhance
vegetation on the site, if any.
Does not apply.
e.List all noxious weeds and invasive species known to be on or near the site.
Does not apply.
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Find help answering animal questions
a.List any birds and other animals that have been observed on or near the site or are known
to be on or near the site.
Examples include:
Birds: hawk, heron, eagle, songbirds, other:
Mammals: deer, bear, elk, beaver, other:
Fish: bass, salmon, trout, herring, shellfish, other:
Does not apply, the plan encompasses all of the City of Spokane Valley.
b.List any threatened and endangered species known to be on or near the site.
Does not apply.
c.Is the site part of a migration route? If so, explain.
Does not apply.
d.Proposed measures to preserve or enhance wildlife, if any.
Does not apply.
e.List any invasive animal species known to be on or near the site.
Does not apply.
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a.What kinds of energy (electric, natural gas, oil, wood stove, solar) will be used to meet the
completed project's energy needs? Describe whether it will be used for heating,
manufacturing, etc.
Does not apply.
b.Would your project affect the potential use of solar energy by adjacent properties? If so,
generally describe.
Does not apply.
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Animals
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Energy-natural-resou
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c.What kinds of energy conservation features are included in the plans of this proposal?
List other proposed measures to reduce or control energy impacts, if any.
Does not apply.
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Health Find help with answering environmental health questions
a.Are there any environmental health hazards, including exposure to toxic chemicals, risk of
fire and explosion, spill, or hazardous waste, that could occur because of this proposal? If
so, describe.
Does not apply.
1.Describe any known or possible contamination at the site from present or past uses.
Does not apply.
2.Describe existing hazardous chemicals/conditions that might affect project
development and design. This includes underground hazardous liquid and gas
transmission pipelines located within the project area and in the vicinity.
Does not apply. The Plan documents waste management policies and handling methods.
It does not include project development or design. Any future waste handling facility
design or development would be separate from the Plan and would address this concern.
3.Describe any toxic or hazardous chemicals that might be stored, used, or produced
during the project's development or construction, or at any time during the operating
life of the project.
Under guidance of the Plan, MRW is segregated at collection facilities by type of waste
(i.e. corrosives, poisons, etc.) and is handled in accordance with state regulations. MRW
is stored on double containment systems to ensure no site contamination occurs.
4.Describe special emergency services that might be required.
Emergency alarm systems are present at the facilities. If necessary, County fire and
emergency services are available.
5.Proposed measures to reduce or control environmental health hazards, if any.
The facilities have Spill Prevention and control plans, emergency response plans, and
health and safety programs.
b.Noise
1.What types of noise exist in the area which may affect your project (for example:
traffic, equipment, operation, other)?
Does not apply.
2.What types and levels of noise would be created by or associated with the project on a
short-term or a long-term basis (for example: traffic, construction, operation, other)?
Indicate what hours noise would come from the site)?
Does not apply. Existing facilities comply with noise regulations.
11
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3.Proposed measures to reduce or control noise impacts, if any:
Does not apply.
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CźƓķ ŷĻƌƦ ğƓƭǞĻƩźƓŭ ƌğƓķ ğƓķ ƭŷƚƩĻƌźƓĻ ǒƭĻ ƨǒĻƭƷźƚƓƭ
a.What is the current use of the site and adjacent properties? Will the proposal affect
current land uses on nearby or adjacent properties? If so, describe.
Does not apply.
b.Has the project site been used as working farmlands or working forest lands? If so,
describe. How much agricultural or forest land of long-term commercial significance will
be converted to other uses because of the proposal, if any? If resource lands have not
been designated, how many acres in farmland or forest land tax status will be converted to
nonfarm or nonforest use?
Does not apply. The Plan documents waste management policies, handling methods and
public outreach. It does not include project development or design. Any future facilities that
are constructed for the management and handling of solid waste and special waste will
address this concern.
1.Will the proposal affect or be affected by surrounding working farm or forest land
normal business operations, such as oversize equipment access, the application
of pesticides, tilling, and harvesting? If so, how?
Does not apply.
c.Describe any structures on the site.
Does not apply.
d.Will any structures be demolished? If so, what?
Does not apply.
e.What is the current zoning classification of the site?
Does not apply.
f.What is the current comprehensive plan designation of the site?
Does not apply.
g.If applicable, what is the current shoreline master program designation of the site?
Does not apply.
h.Has any part of the site been classified as a critical area by the city or county? If so,
specify.
Does not apply.
i.Approximately how many people would reside or work in the completed project?
Does not apply.
j.Approximately how many people would the completed project displace?
Does not apply.
12
https://ecology.wa.gov/Regulations-Permits/SEPA/Environmental-review/SEPA-guidance/SEPA-
checklist-guidance/SEPA-Checklist-Section-B-Environmental-elements/Environmental-elements-8-Land-
shoreline-use
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Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
APPENDIX E
k.Proposed measures to avoid or reduce displacement impacts, if any.
Does not apply.
l.Proposed measures to ensure the proposal is compatible with existing and projected land
uses and plans, if any.
Does not apply.
m.Proposed measures to reduce or control impacts to agricultural and forest lands of long-
term commercial significance, if any:
Does not apply.
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13
Find help answering housing questions
a.Approximately how many units would be provided, if any? Indicate whether high, middle,
or low-income housing.
Does not apply.
b.Approximately how many units, if any, would be eliminated? Indicate whether high,
middle, or low-income housing.
Does not apply.
c.Proposed measures to reduce or control housing impacts, if any:
Does not apply.
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CźƓķ ŷĻƌƦ ğƓƭǞĻƩźƓŭ ğĻƭƷŷĻƷźĭƭ ƨǒĻƭƷźƚƓƭ
a.What is the tallest height of any proposed structure(s), not including antennas; what is the
principal exterior building material(s) proposed?
Does not apply.
b.What views in the immediate vicinity would be altered or obstructed?
Does not apply.
c.Proposed measures to reduce or control aesthetic impacts, if any:
Does not apply.
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CźƓķ ŷĻƌƦ ğƓƭǞĻƩźƓŭ ƌźŭŷƷ ğƓķ ŭƌğƩĻ ƨǒĻƭƷźƚƓƭ
a.What type of light or glare will the proposal produce? What time of day would it mainly
occur?
13
https://ecology.wa.gov/Regulations-Permits/SEPA/Environmental-review/SEPA-guidance/SEPA-
checklist-guidance/SEPA-Checklist-Section-B-Environmental-elements/Environmental-elements-9-
Housing
14
https://ecology.wa.gov/Regulations-Permits/SEPA/Environmental-review/SEPA-guidance/SEPA-
checklist-guidance/SEPA-Checklist-Section-B-Environmental-elements/Environmental-elements-10-
Aesthetics
15
https://ecology.wa.gov/Regulations-Permits/SEPA/Environmental-review/SEPA-guidance/SEPA-
checklist-guidance/SEPA-Checklist-Section-B-Environmental-elements/Environmental-elements-11-Light-
glare
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Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
APPENDIX E
Does not apply.
b.Could light or glare from the finished project be a safety hazard or interfere with views?
Does not apply.
c.What existing off-site sources of light or glare may affect your proposal?
Does not apply.
d.Proposed measures to reduce or control light and glare impacts, if any:
Does not apply.
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Find help answering recreation questions
a.What designated and informal recreational opportunities are in the immediate
vicinity?
Does not apply.
b.Would the proposed project displace any existing recreational uses? If so, describe.
Does not apply.
c.Proposed measures to reduce or control impacts on recreation, including recreation
opportunities to be provided by the project or applicant, if any:
Does not apply.
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ЊЏ
CźƓķ ŷĻƌƦ ğƓƭǞĻƩźƓŭ ŷźƭƷƚƩźĭ ğƓķ ĭǒƌƷǒƩğƌ ƦƩĻƭĻƩǝğƷźƚƓ ƨǒĻƭƷźƚƓƭ
a.Are there any buildings, structures, or sites, located on or near the site that are over 45
years old listed in or eligible for listing in national, state, or local preservation registers? If
so, specifically describe.
Does not apply.
b.Are there any landmarks, features, or other evidence of Indian or historic use or
occupation? This may include human burials or old cemeteries. Are there any material
evidence, artifacts, or areas of cultural importance on or near the site? Please list any
professional studies conducted at the site to identify such resources.
Does not apply.
c.Describe the methods used to assess the potential impacts to cultural and historic
resources on or near the project site. Examples include consultation with tribes and the
department of archeology and historic preservation, archaeological surveys, historic
maps, GIS data, etc.
Does not apply.
d.Proposed measures to avoid, minimize, or compensate for loss, changes to, and
disturbance to resources. Please include plans for the above and any permits that may be
required.
16
https://ecology.wa.gov/Regulations-Permits/SEPA/Environmental-review/SEPA-guidance/SEPA-
checklist-guidance/SEPA-Checklist-Section-B-Environmental-elements/Environmental-elements-13-
Historic-cultural-p
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Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
APPENDIX E
Does not apply.
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CźƓķ ŷĻƌƦ ǞźƷŷ ğƓƭǞĻƩźƓŭ ƷƩğƓƭƦƚƩƷğƷźƚƓ ƨǒĻƭƷźƚƓƭ
a.Identify public streets and highways serving the site or affected geographic area and
describe proposed access to the existing street system. Show on site plans, if any.
Does not apply.
b.Is the site or affected geographic area currently served by public transit? If so, generally
describe. If not, what is the approximate distance to the nearest transit stop?
Does not apply.
c.Will the proposal require any new or improvements to existing roads, streets, pedestrian,
bicycle, or state transportation facilities, not including driveways? If so, generally describe
(indicate whether public or private).
Does not apply.
d.Will the project or proposal use (or occur in the immediate vicinity of) water, rail, or air
transportation? If so, generally describe.
Does not apply.
e.How many vehicular trips per day would be generated by the completed project or
proposal? If known, indicate when peak volumes would occur and what percentage of the
volume would be trucks (such as commercial and nonpassenger vehicles). What data or
transportation models were used to make these estimates?
Does not apply.
f.Will the proposal interfere with, affect, or be affected by the movement of agricultural and
forest products on roads or streets in the area? If so, generally describe.
Does not apply.
g.Proposed measures to reduce or control transportation impacts, if any:
Does not apply.
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18
Find help answering public service questions
a.Would the project result in an increased need for public services (for example: fire
protection, police protection, public transit, health care, schools, other)? If so, generally
describe.
Does not apply.
b.Proposed measures to reduce or control direct impacts on public services, if any.
Does not apply.
17
https://ecology.wa.gov/Regulations-Permits/SEPA/Environmental-review/SEPA-guidance/SEPA-
checklist-guidance/SEPA-Checklist-Section-B-Environmental-elements/Environmental-elements-14-
Transportation
18
https://ecology.wa.gov/regulations-permits/sepa/environmental-review/sepa-guidance/sepa-checklist-
guidance/sepa-checklist-section-b-environmental-elements/environmental-elements-15-public-services
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Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
APPENDIX E
ΔΙȁ 5³¨«¨³¨¤²
19
Find help answering utilities questions
a.Circle utilities currently available at the site: electricity, natural gas, water, refuse service,
telephone, sanitary sewer, septic system, other:
Does not apply.
b.Describe the utilities that are proposed for the project, the utility providing the service, and
the general construction activities on the site or in the immediate vicinity which might be
needed.
Does not apply.
C. Signature
20
Find help about who should sign
The above answers are true and complete to the best of my knowledge. I understand that the
lead agency is relying on them to make its decision.
X
Type name of signee:
Position and agency/organization:
Date submitted:
19
https://ecology.wa.gov/regulations-permits/sepa/environmental-review/sepa-guidance/sepa-checklist-
guidance/sepa-checklist-section-b-environmental-elements/environmental-elements-16-utilities
20
https://ecology.wa.gov/Regulations-Permits/SEPA/Environmental-review/SEPA-guidance/SEPA-
checklist-guidance/SEPA-Checklist-Section-C-Signature
E-14
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
APPENDIX E
D. Supplemental sheet for nonproject actions
21
Find help for the nonproject actions worksheet
Do not use this section for project actions.
Because these questions are very general, it may be helpful to read them in conjunction with the list of
the elements of the environment.
When answering these questions, be aware of the extent the proposal, or the types of activities likely to
result from the proposal, would affect the item at a greater intensity or at a faster rate than if the proposal
were not implemented. Respond briefly and in general terms.
1.How would the proposal be likely to increase discharge to water; emissions to air;
production, storage, or release of toxic or hazardous substances; or production of noise?
Implementation of the proposed recommendations should help reduce the amount of water and
air discharges, while increasing the proper handling of any solid or toxic wastes that are
generated in the City. There should not be an increase or reduction in nose.
Proposed measures to avoid or reduce such increases are:
Does not apply.
2.How would the proposal be likely to affect plants, animals, fish, or marine life?
No impacts to plants, animals, fish, and marine life are anticipated.
Proposed measures to protect or conserve plants, animals, fish, or marine life are:
Does not apply.
3.How would the proposal be likely to deplete energy or natural resources?
The proposed recommendations should help reduce energy demands and help to conserve
natural resources by increasing waste reduction and other activities. Increased recycling leads
to conservation of natural resources and also reduces energy demands. In general, using
recycling materials in place of virgin materials requires significantly less energy in the
manufacturing process.
Proposed measures to protect or conserve energy and natural resources are:
Does not apply.
4.How would the proposal be likely to use or affect environmentally sensitive areas or areas
designated (or eligible or under study) for governmental protection, such as parks,
wilderness, wild and scenic rivers, threatened or endangered species habitat, historic or
cultural sites, wetlands, floodplains, or prime farmlands?
None of these areas will be negatively impacted by the recommendations in the Plan.
Proposed measures to protect such resources or to avoid or reduce impacts are:
Does not apply.
5.How would the proposal be likely to affect land and shoreline use, including whether it
would allow or encourage land or shoreline uses incompatible with existing plans?
21
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guidance/sepa-checklist-section-d-non-project-actions
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Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
APPENDIX E
No direct impacts to land or shoreline use are anticipated to result from the proposed
recommendations.
Proposed measures to avoid or reduce shoreline and land use impacts are:
Does not apply.
6.How would the proposal be likely to increase demands on transportation or public
services and utilities?
The proposed recommendations should lead to minor reductions in transportation requirement
and public services, although if curbside recycling is increased to weekly then there would be
additional traffic in the City. Transportation of solid waste out of the City should be lessened by
increased waste reduction and recycling.
Proposed measures to reduce or respond to such demand(s) are:
Does not apply.
7.Identify, if possible, whether the proposal may conflict with local, state, or federal laws or
requirements for the protection of the environment.
No such conflicts are likely. The intent of creating this Plan is to comply with various laws or
requirements (especially on the state level) regarding environmental protection and other
factors.
E. Signature
I, the undersigned, swear under penalty of perjury that the above responses are made truthfully and to
the best of my knowledge. I also understand that, should there be any willful misrepresentation or willful
lack of full disclosure on my part, the agencymay withdraw any Determination of Nonsignificance that it
might issue in reliance upon this check list.
Date: ______________________Signature: ___________________________________________
Please print or type:
Proponent: __________________________________________________________________________
Address: ____________________________________________________________________________
Phone: _____________________________________________________________________________
Person completing form (if different from proponent):
Name: ______________________________________________________________________________
E-16
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
APPENDIX E
Address: ____________________________________________________________________________
Phone: _____________________________________________________________________________
E-17
Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
APPENDIX F
Appendix F
Transfer Station Mitigation
APPENDIX G
Appendix G
City Solid Waste Related Ordinance
APPENDIX H
Appendix H
Recycling Characterization Study
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Prepared by
Study performed under contract to and in joint
This Report was delivered electronically. If it is necessary to print a hard copy, please
TABLEOFCONTENTS
1.INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................. 1
2.METHODOLOGY .................................................................................................. 1
2.1 Waste Generation ......................................................................................................................... 1
2.2 Sampling Targets .......................................................................................................................... 2
2.3 Staffing Plan .................................................................................................................................. 2
2.4 Sorting ............................................................................................................................................ 2
2.5 Data Management ........................................................................................................................ 3
2.6 Analysis .......................................................................................................................................... 4
3.RESULTS.............................................................................................................. 4
4.CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS ......................................................... 9
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix A – Material Categories &Definitions
Appendix B – Results Tables
WA – Spokane Valley i
TABLE OF CONTENTS
List of Figures
Figure 2-1 Sample Data Entry Screen...........................................................................................................4
Figure 3-1 Composition by Material Group (Seasons 1 & 2 Aggregated) ............................................... 5
Figure 3-2 Divertibility (Seasons 1 & 2 Aggregated) ................................................................................... 6
Figure 3-3 Prevalence of Targeted Recyclables (Aggregated from Seasons 1 & 2) ................................ 8
Figure 3-4 Prevalence of Contaminants (Aggregated from Seasons 1 & 2) ............................................ 8
List of Tables
Table 2-1 2023 Single Stream Recycling (Tons) ........................................................................................... 1
Table 2-2 Cart Retrieval Summary* ............................................................................................................... 2
Table 2-3 Material Categories ......................................................................................................................... 3
Table 3-1 Cart Statistics ................................................................................................................................... 5
Table 3-2 Detailed Recycling Composition.................................................................................................. 7
ii WA – Spokane Valley
SINGLE STREAM COMPOSITION & CONTAMINATION AUDIT
1.INTRODUCTION
Incorporated in 2003, the City of Spokane Valley (City) is home to 105,000 residents located in eastern
Washington, near the Idaho border. In June 2021, the City adopted the current Solid Waste Management
Plan (SWMP or Plan) outlining its strategy for managing solid waste within the City. The Plan
recommended maintaining recycling collection services for residential customers in Spokane Valley, while
also suggesting that efforts be made to address and reduce contamination in the City’s recyclables through
the Contamination Reduction and Outreach Plan (CROP).
With this in mind, the City completed a two-season study of curbside recyclables generated by the residents
of Spokane Valley. The goal of the study was to assess the composition of the City’s recyclables, and also
provide data on the extent and nature of contaminants in the recycling stream. MSW Consultants, under
contract to Great West Engineering, Inc. provided technical and analytical support for the study, which
involved the development of a representative sampling plan, assistance in field data collection, analysis of
results, and preparation of this summary report.
2.METHODOLOGY
2.1 WASTE GENERATION
Table 2-1 presents the annual tonnage of single stream recyclables collected in Spokane Valley in 2023. As
shown, the City generated almost 684 tons of recyclables in its voluntary curbside recycling program. This
study focused on the composition and contamination level of these recyclables.
Table 2-1 2023 Single Stream Recycling (Tons)
Month Tons
January 46.1
February 51.1
March 51.5
April 73.0
May 56.3
June 47.9
July 65.5
August 73.6
September 53.5
October 60.2
November 51.8
December 53.4
Total 683.8
WA – Spokane Valley 1
SINGLE STREAM COMPOSITION & CONTAMINATION AUDIT
2.2 SAMPLING TARGETS
Field data collection was conducted during the weeks of July 24 (Season 1) and October 23 (Season 2),
2023.
Prior to each field data collection season, MSW Consultants utilized a City-provided list of residential
addresses from which to create a randomized sample collection plan each season. Curbside retrieval of
randomized recycling setouts of recyclables followed the normal recycling collection schedule. Sunshine
Disposal retrieved the residential recycling carts during each season of the study and delivered them to the
sort location via box truck. The table below presents the recycling cart retrieval summary for each of the
two seasons.
Table 2-2 Cart Retrieval Summary*
Day of Week*Season 1Season 2 Total
Monday 43 35 78
Tuesday7 2128
Thursday 27 54 81
Friday 54 30 84
Total131 140271
*Note: Recycling is not collected on Wednesdays.
2.3 STAFFING PLAN
The staffing configuration for the study included:
A Field Supervisor who validated the acquired samples delivered each day, and supported material
sorting and weighing efforts, provided quality assurance and control (QA/QC), and had overall on-
site responsibility.
A Crew Chief who supervised the sorting crew, performed quality control, weigh-out and data
recording, and led worksite health and safety training, etc.
Sorters comprised of part-time and temporary employees.
2.4 SORTING
The characterization of recycling samples was completed in the south parking lot of the Valley Mission
Park, along the south side of East Mission Avenue. Day one involved site set-up and orientation for the
sorting team, receiving and staging of samples, and the sorting of samples.
Each acquired sample cart from the randomized address had been pre-labeled by a unique identifying
number using a paper placard that was affixed to the recycling cart. The sample identification placard
stayed with the sample until sorting and weigh-out was completed.
Once a sample was validated and logged into the tablet computer, the sample was spread out onto the sort
table and manually sorted into the prescribed component categories. Plastic containers of 18 or 32-gallons
were used to contain the separated components. Sorters were trained to specialize in certain material
groups, with one handling the paper categories, another the plastics, another the glass and metals, and so
on. In this way, sorters were able to become knowledgeable of material categories and definitions within a
short period of time. Table 2-3 below summarizes the material categories used during the study within
their respective material groups. Divertibility groups are also shown. Please refer to Appendix A for the
list of material categories and definitions.
2 WA – Spokane Valley
SINGLE STREAM COMPOSITION & CONTAMINATION AUDIT
Table 2-3 Material Categories
MaterialDivertibility ClassMaterialDivertibility Class
Paper Plastics
Corrugated Cardboard Targeted Fiber #1 PET Plastics Targeted Container
Mixed Paper Targeted Fiber #2 HDPE Plastics Natural Targeted Container
Boxboard (chipboard) Targeted Fiber #2 HDPE Plastics Colored Targeted Container
Newsprint Targeted Fiber #3 - #7 Plastic Containers (ex #5) Contaminant
Aseptic Boxes & Cartons Targeted Fiber #5 Polypropylene Plastics Targeted Container
Non-recyclable PaperContaminant #6 Expanded Polystyrene Contaminant
MetalsBulky Rigid PlasticsContaminant
Aluminum Bev.Cans Targeted Container Plastic Bags & FilmContaminant
Other AluminumTargeted Container Remainder/Composite Plastics Contaminant
Steel/Aerosol Cans Targeted Container Other Wastes
Other Scrap Metal Contaminant Tanglers Contaminant
Glass Loose/Other (Residual) Wastes Contaminant
Glass Bottles & Jars Targeted Container
2.5 DATA MANAGEMENT
After a sample was completely sorted, the Crew Chief oversaw all weighing and data recording of each
sample. The sorting crew assisted in carrying any bin containing sorted materials to the scale where the
material category was noted along with the weight. The Crew Chief validated the material weight and
recorded all data.
The Crew Chief used a tablet computer to record the composition weights. The tablet allows for samples
to be tallied in real-time so that field data collection can immediately identify and rectify errors associated
with light sample weights. The tablet synchronizes with the Cloud via the internet, providing excellent data
security. Each sample was cross-referenced against the Field Supervisor’s sample sheet to ensure accurate
tracking of the samples each day. A screenshot of the MSW Consultants tablet data entry screen from a
sample taken during the project is shown in Figure 2-1.
WA – Spokane Valley 3
SINGLE STREAM COMPOSITION & CONTAMINATION AUDIT
Figure 2-1 Sample Data Entry Screen
2.6 ANALYSIS
A statistical analysis was performed to calculate the mean composition for each of the material categories
and for each material stream in this study. Samples were first normalized by converting the sample data
from weight to percentage. Then, the sample mean was determined by averaging the percent composition
of each material across all samples. Finally, the margin of error (MOE) has been calculated at a 90 percent
level of confidence.
3.RESULTS
Table 3-1 below summarizes the distribution of recycling cart weights during the field data collection across
both seasons. Although the cart weights were generally higher during the second season, a normal
distribution of weights was observed, and the two seasons combined appear to provide a representative
sample population.
4 WA – Spokane Valley
SINGLE STREAM COMPOSITION & CONTAMINATION AUDIT
Table 3-1 Cart Statistics
StatisticSeason 1Season 2Aggregate
Min 1.3 0.0
0.0
Mean 14.7 18.5
16.7
Median12.415.4
14.2
Max 47.1 98.4
98.4
Figure 3-1provides a broad view of recyclables (aggregated from both seasons) sorted from the samples.
As can be seen in the figure, Paper was the most dominant material group, at over 51 percent, followed
by Glass (16.9 percent) and Plastic (16.8 percent).
Figure 3-1 Composition by Material Group (Seasons 1 & 2 Aggregated)
Other Wastes,
6.3%
Glass, 16.9%
Paper, 51.3%
Metals, 8.8%
Plastics, 16.8%
Figure 3-2 provides an overview of divertibility (aggregated from both seasons) as sorted from the samples.
This is a useful indicator of how much material that is placed into recycling carts is actually defined as
recyclable by the City. As can be seen in the figure, targeted recyclable materials constitute approximately
85 percent of recycling setouts, with about 15 percent identified as non-recyclable contaminants.
WA – Spokane Valley 5
SINGLE STREAM COMPOSITION & CONTAMINATION AUDIT
Figure 3-2 Divertibility (Seasons 1 & 2 Aggregated)
Contaminant,
15.1%
Targeted Fiber,
47.9%
Targeted
Container, 37.0%
Table 3-2 presents the detailed material composition aggregated from both seasons of data collection. This
table applies the calculated composition to the reported annual tons. Detailed composition tables of each
season are provided in Appendix B of this report.
6 WA – Spokane Valley
SINGLE STREAM COMPOSITION & CONTAMINATION AUDIT
Table 3-2 Detailed Recycling Composition
MaterialDivertibility ClassPercentMOETons
Paper51.3%3.0%350.7
Corrugated CardboardTargeted Fiber22.3%2.2%152.8
Mixed PaperTargeted Fiber8.9%1.3%61.1
Boxboard (chipboard)Targeted Fiber11.7%1.3%79.8
NewsprintTargeted Fiber4.3%1.1%29.3
Aseptic Boxes & CartonsTargeted Fiber0.7%0.2%4.9
Non-recyclable PaperContaminant3.3%0.6%22.8
Plastics16.8%1.6%114.6
#1 PET PlasticsTargeted Container7.8%0.8%53.6
#2 HDPE Plastics NaturalTargeted Container1.9%0.3%12.8
#2 HDPE Plastics ColoredTargeted Container1.6%0.3%11.2
#3 - #7 Plastic Containers (except #5)Contaminant0.4%0.2%2.9
#5 Polypropylene PlasticsTargeted Container1.6%0.9%11.0
#6 Expanded Polystyrene (Styrofoam)Contaminant0.3%0.1%2.0
Bulky Rigid PlasticsContaminant0.8%0.5%5.5
Plastic Bags & FilmContaminant1.2%0.2%7.9
Remainder/Composite PlasticsContaminant1.1%0.3%7.7
Metals8.8%1.2%59.9
Aluminum Bev.CansTargeted Container4.0%0.8%27.7
Other AluminumTargeted Container0.2%0.1%1.5
Steel/Aerosol CansTargeted Container2.8%0.5%19.4
Other Scrap MetalContaminant1.7%0.8%11.3
Glass16.9%2.6%115.8
Glass Bottles & JarsTargeted Container16.9%2.6%115.8
Other Wastes6.3%3.4%42.9
TanglersContaminant0.2%0.1%1.0
Loose/Other (Residual) WastesContaminant6.1%3.4%41.9
Total100.0%683.8
Number of Samples271
Targeted Fiber47.9%327.9
Targeted Container37.0%252.9
Contaminant15.1%103.0
The bar chart in Figure 3-3 shows the prevalence of each of the targeted recyclables.
WA – Spokane Valley 7
SINGLE STREAM COMPOSITION & CONTAMINATION AUDIT
Figure 3-3 Prevalence of Targeted Recyclables (Aggregated from Seasons 1 & 2)
Corrugated Cardboard
Glass Bottles & Jars
Boxboard (chipboard)
Mixed Paper
#1 PET Plastics
Newsprint
Aluminum Bev.Cans
Steel/Aerosol Cans
#2 HDPE Plastics Natural
#2 HDPE Plastics Colored
#5 Polypropylene Plastics
Aseptic Boxes & Cartons
Other Aluminum
0%5%10%15%20%25%
Figure 3-4 provides an overview of the types of contaminants found in the recycling samples. This list
includes all materials that are not recyclable and should not have been discarded in the recycling cart. The
most prevalent contaminant by weight was found to be mixed household refuse (food wastes, textiles,
organic materials, loose trash, etc., which is labeled Loose/Other (Residual) Wastes in the figure).
Figure 3-4 Prevalence of Contaminants (Aggregated from Seasons 1 & 2)
Loose/Other (Residual) Wastes
Non-recyclable Paper
Other Scrap Metal
Plastic Bags & Film
Remainder/Composite Plastics
Bulky Rigid Plastics
#3 - #7 Plastic Containers (except #5)
#6 Expanded Polystyrene (Styrofoam)
Tanglers
0%1%2%3%4%5%6%7%
8 WA – Spokane Valley
SINGLE STREAM COMPOSITION & CONTAMINATION AUDIT
4.CONCLUSIONS& RECOMMENDATIONS
MSW Consultants believes that this study reasonably baselined the composition and contamination level
of Spokane Valley’s single stream recyclables. Persistent contaminants found during both Seasons include
non-recyclable paper, plastics, metals, and loose materials such as food and textiles.
Going forward, the City may wish to expand on this type of research. Should the City conduct a waste
characterization study, the waste composition results could be combined with the results to this single
stream recycling study to estimate current recycling capture rates. Many cities calculate a recycling rate,
which measures the percentage of the entire solid waste stream that gets recycled. However, capture rates
are another, highly informative measurement of recycling performance. A capture rate measures the
percentage of a specifically targeted recyclable commodity that is successfully recovered in the recycling
program (and hence, captured for recycling).
As a final note, although a more in-depth evaluation of the effectiveness of recycling City was not part of
the scope of this project, it is likely that some targeted materials are still finding their way to the disposal
stream. It is therefore important to maintain routine and clear education and outreach programs and
messaging in order to maximize participation in the City’s residential recycling programs.
WA – Spokane Valley 9
SINGLE STREAM COMPOSITION & CONTAMINATION AUDIT
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10 WA – Spokane Valley
APPENDIX A
Material Category & Definitions
WA – Spokane Valley
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WA – Spokane Valley
APPENDIX B
Results Tables
WA – Spokane Valley
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WA – Spokane Valley
Appendix B - Results Tables
City of Spokane Valley: Single-Stream Recycling Composition for Season 1 - July 2023
Material Class Percent Std. Dev. +/-
Paper52.3%2.3%3.8%
Corrugated Cardboard Targeted Fiber23.8% 2.1% 3.6%
Mixed Paper Targeted Fiber7.3% 1.0% 1.6%
Boxboard (chipboard) Targeted Fiber11.1% 0.8% 1.3%
Newsprint Targeted Fiber4.2% 1.2% 1.9%
Aseptic Boxes & Cartons Targeted Fiber0.8% 0.2% 0.3%
Non-recyclable PaperContaminant5.1%0.7%1.1%
Plastics 16.3% 1.1% 1.8%
#1 PET Plastics Targeted Container 8.2% 0.6% 1.0%
#2 HDPE Plastics Natural Targeted Container 1.5% 0.2% 0.4%
#2 HDPE Plastics Colored Targeted Container 1.7% 0.2% 0.3%
#3 - #7 Plastic Containers (except #5) Contaminant 0.4% 0.1% 0.2%
#5 Polypropylene Plastics Targeted Container 1.2% 0.2% 0.4%
#6 Expanded Polystyrene (Styrofoam) Contaminant 0.1% 0.0% 0.1%
Bulky Rigid Plastics Contaminant 0.9% 0.6% 0.9%
Plastic Bags & Film Contaminant 1.0% 0.2% 0.3%
Remainder/Composite Plastics Contaminant 1.1% 0.2% 0.4%
Metals 11.1% 1.3% 2.2%
Aluminum Bev.Cans Targeted Container 4.9% 0.9% 1.4%
Other Aluminum Targeted Container 0.1% 0.0% 0.1%
Steel/Aerosol Cans Targeted Container 3.2% 0.5% 0.9%
Other Scrap Metal Contaminant 2.8% 1.1% 1.7%
Glass 14.5% 1.6% 2.7%
Glass Bottles & Jars Targeted Container 14.5% 1.6% 2.7%
Other Wastes 5.9%1.2% 2.0%
Tanglers Contaminant 0.0% 0.0% 0.1%
Loose/Other (Residual) Wastes Contaminant 5.8% 1.2% 1.9%
Total 100.0%
Number of Samples 131
Targeted Fiber47.2%
Targeted Container35.3%
Contaminant 17.5%
Appendix B B - 1
City of Spokane Valley: Single-Stream Recycling Composition for Season 2 - October 2023
Material Class Percent Std. Dev. +/-
Paper 50.6% 2.7% 4.5%
Corrugated Cardboard Targeted Fiber21.3% 1.7% 2.8%
Mixed Paper Targeted Fiber10.2% 1.2% 1.9%
Boxboard (chipboard)Targeted Fiber12.1%1.3%2.1%
Newsprint Targeted Fiber4.4% 0.8% 1.3%
Aseptic Boxes & Cartons Targeted Fiber0.7% 0.2% 0.3%
Non-recyclable Paper Contaminant 2.0% 0.3% 0.4%
Plastics 17.1% 1.5% 2.5%
#1 PET Plastics Targeted Container 7.6% 0.7% 1.1%
#2 HDPE Plastics Natural Targeted Container 2.1% 0.3% 0.4%
#2 HDPE Plastics Colored Targeted Container 1.6% 0.2% 0.4%
#3 - #7 Plastic Containers (except #5) Contaminant 0.4% 0.2% 0.4%
#5 Polypropylene Plastics Targeted Container 1.9% 1.0% 1.6%
#6 Expanded Polystyrene (Styrofoam) Contaminant 0.4% 0.1% 0.2%
Bulky Rigid Plastics Contaminant 0.7% 0.3% 0.4%
Plastic Bags & Film Contaminant 1.2% 0.2% 0.4%
Remainder/Composite Plastics Contaminant 1.1% 0.3% 0.5%
Metals 7.0%0.7% 1.2%
Aluminum Bev.Cans Targeted Container 3.4% 0.5% 0.8%
Other Aluminum Targeted Container 0.3% 0.1% 0.2%
Steel/Aerosol Cans Targeted Container 2.6% 0.3% 0.6%
Other Scrap Metal Contaminant 0.8% 0.4% 0.7%
Glass 18.8% 2.4% 4.0%
Glass Bottles & Jars Targeted Container 18.8% 2.4% 4.0%
Other Wastes 6.6%3.5% 5.7%
Tanglers Contaminant 0.2% 0.2% 0.3%
Loose/Other (Residual) Wastes Contaminant 6.3% 3.5% 5.7%
Total 100.0%
Number of Samples 140
Targeted Fiber48.5%
Targeted Container38.2%
Contaminant 13.3%
Appendix B B - 2
City of Spokane Valley: Single-Stream Recycling Composition for Combined Seasons
Material Class Percent Std. Dev. +/-
Paper 51.3% 1.8% 3.0%
Corrugated Cardboard Targeted Fiber22.3% 1.3% 2.2%
Mixed Paper Targeted Fiber8.9% 0.8% 1.3%
Boxboard (chipboard) Targeted Fiber11.7% 0.8% 1.3%
Newsprint Targeted Fiber4.3% 0.7% 1.1%
Aseptic Boxes & Cartons Targeted Fiber0.7% 0.1% 0.2%
Non-recyclable Paper Contaminant 3.3% 0.4% 0.6%
Plastics 16.8% 1.0% 1.6%
#1 PET Plastics Targeted Container 7.8% 0.5% 0.8%
#2 HDPE Plastics Natural Targeted Container 1.9% 0.2% 0.3%
#2 HDPE Plastics Colored Targeted Container 1.6% 0.2% 0.3%
#3 - #7 Plastic Containers (except #5) Contaminant 0.4% 0.1% 0.2%
#5 Polypropylene Plastics Targeted Container 1.6% 0.6% 0.9%
#6 Expanded Polystyrene (Styrofoam) Contaminant 0.3% 0.1% 0.1%
Bulky Rigid Plastics Contaminant 0.8% 0.3% 0.5%
Plastic Bags & Film Contaminant 1.2% 0.1% 0.2%
Remainder/Composite Plastics Contaminant 1.1% 0.2% 0.3%
Metals 8.8%0.7% 1.2%
Aluminum Bev.Cans Targeted Container 4.0% 0.5% 0.8%
Other Aluminum Targeted Container 0.2% 0.1% 0.1%
Steel/Aerosol Cans Targeted Container 2.8% 0.3% 0.5%
Other Scrap Metal Contaminant 1.7% 0.5% 0.8%
Glass 16.9% 1.6% 2.6%
Glass Bottles & Jars Targeted Container 16.9% 1.6% 2.6%
Other Wastes 6.3%2.1% 3.4%
Tanglers Contaminant 0.2% 0.1% 0.1%
Loose/Other (Residual) Wastes Contaminant 6.1% 2.1% 3.4%
Total100.0%
Number of Samples 271
Targeted Fiber47.9%
Targeted Container37.0%
Contaminant 15.1%
Appendix B B - 3
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WA – Spokane Valley
11875 High Tech Avenue, Ste. 150
Orlando, FL 32817
mswconsultants.com | 800.679.9220
APPENDIX I
Appendix I
Recycling Characterization Study
Commodities
APPENDIX I
Appendix I
RecyclingCharacterization Study Commodities
I.1 Single Stream Composition & Contamination AuditMaterial Categories
MaterialDivertibility Class
Paper
Corrugated CardboardTargeted Fiber
Mixed PaperTargeted Fiber
Boxboard (Chipboard)Targeted Fiber
NewsprintTargeted Fiber
Aseptic Boxes & CartonsTargeted Fiber
Non-Recyclable PaperContaminant
Metals
Aluminum Beverage CansTargeted Container
Other AluminumTargeted Container
Steel/Aerosol CansTargeted Container
Other Scrap MetalContaminant
Glass
Glass Bottles 7 JarsTargeted Container
Plastics
#1 PET PlasticsTargeted Container
#2 HDPE Plastics NaturalTargeted Container
#2 HDPE Plastics ColoredTargeted Container
#3-#7 Plastic Containers (Excluding #5)Contaminant
#5 Polypropylene PlasticsTargeted Container
#6 Expanded PolystyreneContaminant
Bulky Rigid PlasticsContaminant
Plastic Bags & FilmContaminant
Remainder/Composite PlasticsContaminant
Other Wastes
TanglersContaminant
Loose/Other (Residual) WastesContaminant
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APPENDIX J
Appendix J
Recycling Commodity Score Card
Appendix J
Recycling Commodity Score Card
APPENDIX J
APPENDIX K
Appendix K
Acronyms
APPENDIX K
Appendix K
Acronyms
K.1Acronyms
AIAuto Intelligence
ASPAerated Static Pile
BMPsBest Management Practices
CESQGsConditionally Exempt Small Quantity Generators
CFLCompact Fluorescent Lamps
CPOCompost Procurement Ordinance
CROPContamination Reduction and Outreach Plan
EPAEnvironmental Protection Agency
EPRExtended Producer Responsibility
EPSExpanded Polystyrene
EVElectric Vehicle
FAQFrequently Asked Questions
GMAGrowth Management Act
HDPEHigh-Density Polyethylene
HHWHousehold Hazardous Waste
HIDHigh Density Discharge
LCBLiquor and Cannabis Board
LSWFALocal Solid Waste Financial Assistance
MRFMaterial Recovery Facility
MRWModerate Risk Waste
MSAMetropolitan Statistical Area
MSWMunicipal Solid Waste
OFMOffice of Financial Management
ORCAOrganics Recycling Collection Areas
PET/PETEPolyethylene Terephthalate
PNWPacific Northwest
PROProducer Responsibility Organization
PVPhotovoltaic
RCWRevised Code of Washington
SMaRTSpokane Materials and Recycling Technology
SRCAASpokane Regional Clean Air Agency
SRHDSpokane Regional Health District
SRSWSSpokane County Regional Solid Waste System
SVCPSpokane Valley Comprehensive Plan
SWMPSolid Waste Management Plan
TACTechnical Advisory Committee
TPYTons Per Year
UTSUniversity Transfer Station
WMWaste Management
WSDAWashington State Department of Agriculture
WSDOTWashington State Department of Transportation
WTEWaste to Energy
WUTCWashington Utility and Transportation Commission
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APPENDIX K
Appendix L
References
APPENDIX K
Appendix L
References
1
This figure includes only those small-quantity generators that have chosen at their option to get an EPA
identification number, and the actual number of small-quantity generators is assumed to be higher.
2
https://ecology.wa.gov/Regulations-Permits/SEPA/Environmental-review/SEPA-guidance/Checklist-
guidance
3
https://ecology.wa.gov/Regulations-Permits/SEPA/Environmental-review/SEPA-guidance/SEPA-
checklist-guidance/SEPA-Checklist-Section-A-Background
4
https://ecology.wa.gov/regulations-permits/sepa/environmental-review/sepa-guidance/sepa-checklist-
guidance/sepa-checklist-section-b-environmental-elements/environmental-elements-earth
5
https://ecology.wa.gov/Regulations-Permits/SEPA/Environmental-review/SEPA-guidance/SEPA-
checklist-guidance/SEPA-Checklist-Section-B-Environmental-elements/Environmental-elements-Air
6
https://ecology.wa.gov/Regulations-Permits/SEPA/Environmental-review/SEPA-guidance/SEPA-
checklist-guidance/SEPA-Checklist-Section-B-Environmental-elements/Environmental-elements-3-Water
7
https://ecology.wa.gov/Regulations-Permits/SEPA/Environmental-review/SEPA-guidance/SEPA-
checklist-guidance/SEPA-Checklist-Section-B-Environmental-elements/Environmental-elements-3-
Water/Environmental-elements-Surface-water
8
https://ecology.wa.gov/Regulations-Permits/SEPA/Environmental-review/SEPA-guidance/SEPA-
checklist-guidance/SEPA-Checklist-Section-B-Environmental-elements/Environmental-elements-3-
Water/Environmental-elements-Groundwater
9
https://ecology.wa.gov/Regulations-Permits/SEPA/Environmental-review/SEPA-guidance/SEPA-
checklist-guidance/SEPA-Checklist-Section-B-Environmental-elements/Environmental-elements-5-
Animals
10
https://ecology.wa.gov/Regulations-Permits/SEPA/Environmental-review/SEPA-guidance/SEPA-
checklist-guidance/SEPA-Checklist-Section-B-Environmental-elements/Environmental-elements-6-
Energy-natural-resou
11
https://ecology.wa.gov/Regulations-Permits/SEPA/Environmental-review/SEPA-guidance/SEPA-
checklist-guidance/SEPA-Checklist-Section-B-Environmental-elements/Environmental-elements-7-
Environmental-health
12
https://ecology.wa.gov/Regulations-Permits/SEPA/Environmental-review/SEPA-guidance/SEPA-
checklist-guidance/SEPA-Checklist-Section-B-Environmental-elements/Environmental-elements-8-Land-
shoreline-use
13
https://ecology.wa.gov/Regulations-Permits/SEPA/Environmental-review/SEPA-guidance/SEPA-
checklist-guidance/SEPA-Checklist-Section-B-Environmental-elements/Environmental-elements-9-
Housing
14
https://ecology.wa.gov/Regulations-Permits/SEPA/Environmental-review/SEPA-guidance/SEPA-
checklist-guidance/SEPA-Checklist-Section-B-Environmental-elements/Environmental-elements-10-
Aesthetics
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APPENDIX K
15
https://ecology.wa.gov/Regulations-Permits/SEPA/Environmental-review/SEPA-guidance/SEPA-
checklist-guidance/SEPA-Checklist-Section-B-Environmental-elements/Environmental-elements-11-Light-
glare
16
https://ecology.wa.gov/Regulations-Permits/SEPA/Environmental-review/SEPA-guidance/SEPA-
checklist-guidance/SEPA-Checklist-Section-B-Environmental-elements/Environmental-elements-13-
Historic-cultural-p
17
https://ecology.wa.gov/Regulations-Permits/SEPA/Environmental-review/SEPA-guidance/SEPA-
checklist-guidance/SEPA-Checklist-Section-B-Environmental-elements/Environmental-elements-14-
Transportation
18
https://ecology.wa.gov/regulations-permits/sepa/environmental-review/sepa-guidance/sepa-checklist-
guidance/sepa-checklist-section-b-environmental-elements/environmental-elements-15-public-services
19
https://ecology.wa.gov/regulations-permits/sepa/environmental-review/sepa-guidance/sepa-checklist-
guidance/sepa-checklist-section-b-environmental-elements/environmental-elements-16-utilities
20
https://ecology.wa.gov/Regulations-Permits/SEPA/Environmental-review/SEPA-guidance/SEPA-
checklist-guidance/SEPA-Checklist-Section-C-Signature
21
https://ecology.wa.gov/regulations-permits/sepa/environmental-review/sepa-guidance/sepa-checklist-
guidance/sepa-checklist-section-d-non-project-actions
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APPENDIX M
Appendix M
Glossary
APPENDIX M
Appendix M
Glossary
The following definitions are provided for various terms used in the Spokane Valley Solid Waste and
Moderate Risk Waste Management Plan:
Acceptable Waste:All Solid Waste excluding recyclables, organics, C&D waste, and unacceptable
waste.
AeratedStatic Pile (ASP):a method of composting that uses controlled airflow through perforated pipes
to supply oxygen to composting materials, speeding up decomposition without the need for turning. It is
commonly used in large-scale operations due to its efficiency in processing high volumes of organic
waste while minimizing odors and labor.
Biodegradable:refers to a substance or material that can be broken down naturally by microorganisms,
such as bacteria or fungi, into water, carbon dioxide, and organic matter. This process helps reduce
environmental impact by allowing waste to decompose safely over time.
Biomedical Waste:infectious and injurious waste originating from a medical, veterinary, or intermediate
care facility, or from home use.
Best Management Practices (BMPs):proven, effective methods or techniques used in business,
agriculture, or environmental management to achieve desired outcomes efficiently while minimizing
negative impacts
Business Days:Monday through Friday, excluding designated holidays.
Buy-back Recycling Center:a facility that pays people for recyclable materials.
Commercial Solid Waste:solid waste generated by non-industrial businesses. This includes waste from
business activities such as construction; transportation, communications and utilities; wholesale trades;
retail trades; finance, insurance and real estate; other services; and government. This term is also used to
refer to all waste except residential, or is used by waste collectors to refer to all waste that is collected
using dumpsters.
Commingled:recyclable materials that have been collected separately from garbage by the generator,
but the recyclable materials have been mixed together in the same container (see also single stream).
Composting:the controlled biological decomposition of organic wastes to produce a humus-like final
product that can be used as a soil amendment. In this Plan, backyard composting means a small-scale
activity performed by homeowners on their own property, using yard debris that they generate.
Conditionally Exempt Small Quantity Generators (CESQGs):Businesses that produce hazardous
waste at rates less than 220 pounds per month or per batch (or 2.2 pounds per month or per batch of
extremely hazardous waste) and accumulate less than 2,200 pounds of hazardous waste on-site (or 22
pounds of extremely hazardous waste).
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Construction & Demolition (C&D)Waste:Waste generated in the course of construction, demolition
and remodeling, including, but not limited to concrete, brick, masonry, bituminous concrete, plastic (PVC),
reinforcing steel, dimensional wood, plaster (sheet rock), fiberglass insulation, composition roofing,
roofing paper, metal roofing, metal fencing, copper, white goods and appliances (without CFC and
Freon), and similar non-hazardous construction, non-paper or textile materials.
Consumer Price Index (CPI):Is a measure of inflation and deflation that uses a weighted average of
good and services that represents consumer spending.
Contamination Reduction and Outreach Plan (CROP):a strategic framework developed by Ecology in
2019 to reduce contamination in recycling streams through education, outreach, and best management
practices. It includes actions to inform the public, improve recycling quality, and support local
governments in minimized non-recyclable materials in recycling systems.
Coordinated Prevention Grants (CPG):A grant program administered by the Washington State
Department of Ecology.
Curbside Recycling:the act of collecting recyclable materials directly from residential generators,
usually after the recyclable materials have been placed at the curb (or at the side of the street if no curb
exists in the area) by the residents.
Customer Service Plan:Means the plan established by the contractor to direct customer service
standards, goals, and plans for implementing new procedures in response to customer service issues and
complaints.
Degradable:
processes, such as exposure to light, heat, or moisture. Unlike biodegradable materials, degradable
materials may not fully return to natural elements to support environmental health.
Designated Haulers:commercially operated solid waste haulers with which the city has a solid waste
contract.
Disposal Facility: Means the facility or facilities to dispose of all acceptable waste, and any disposal
facilities, recycling facilities, or composting facilities for disposal, recycling, or composting of recyclables,
organics, C&D waste, MRW, and special Waste.
Disposal Services: Services provided by the Contractor under this agreement to finally dispose of,
recycle, or compost the acceptable waste, recyclables, organics, C & D Waste, MRW, and Special Waste.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): Federal agency of the United States responsible for
promulgation and enforcement of federal environmental regulations.
Expanded Polystyrene (EPS): a lightweight, rigid foam material made from polystyrene resin, commonly
used for packaging, insulation, and disposable food containers. It is valued orits cushioning properties
and thermal insulation but it challenging to recycle.
Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) Program:requires producers of packaging and paper
products to fund and manage the collection, recycling, and disposal of their materials. The program aims
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Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
APPENDIX M
to improve recycling rates, reduce environmental impact, and shift waste management costs from
taxpayers to producers.
Ferrous Metals: materials that are predominantly (over 75% by weight) made of iron. Includes cans and
various iron and steel alloys that contain enough iron such that magnets adhere to them, but for recycling
this generally does not include paint cans or other containers that may contain hazardous residues.
Food Scraps: All compostable pre-and post-consumer food waste, such as whole or partial pieces of
produce, meats, bones, cheese, bread, cereals, coffee grounds, eggshells, and food-soiled paper, such
as paper napkins, paper towels, paper plates, coffee filters, paper take-out boxes, paper take-out boxes,
pizza boxes, or other paper products accepted by the contractors selected composting site. Food Scraps
Green Waste: biodegradable organic waste from gardens and yards, such as grass clippings, leaves,
branches, and plant trimmings.
Greenwashing:a deceptive marketing practice where a company exaggerates or falsely claims its
products, policies, or practices are environmentally friendly. It misleads consumers into believing they are
making sustainable choices.
Groundwater: water present in subsurface geological deposits (aquifers).
Growth Management Act (GMA): a state law enacted in 1990 that required fast-growing cities and
counties to develop comprehensive plans to manage population growth, protect natural resources, and
guide sustainable development.
High-density Polyethylene (HDPE): Atype of plastic commonly used in milk, detergent, bleach bottles
and other containers. Also used for products that line and cap landfills.
Hog Fuel: a type of coarse wood waste such as bark, sawdust, wood chips, and shavings used
primarily as biomass fuel for boilers and industrial energy production.
House Bill:a proposed law introduced in the State House of Representatives. It is designated by the
become law.
Household Hazardous Waste (HHW): wastes that would be classified as hazardous due to their nature
or characteristics, except that the amount is too small to be regulated and the wastes are generated by
households (which are exempt). Includes aerosol cans, solvents, some paints, cleaners, pesticides,
herbicides, compressed gases, oil, other petroleum products, car batteries and other materials.
Industrial Waste: solid waste generated by various manufacturing companies. Includes waste generated
by businesses that manufacture the following products: food, textile mill products, apparel, lumber, paper,
printing, chemicals, stone, clay, glass, fabricated metals, equipment, and miscellaneous other products.
Does not include hazardous wastes generated by these industries.
Inert Wastes: includes wastes that are inert in nature, such as glass, concrete, rocks, gravel, and bricks.
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Local Solid Waste Financial Assistance (LSWFA) Program:part of a statewide initiative by Ecology. It
provides funding to local governments to support planning and implementation of solid and hazardous
waste programs, as well as enforcement of solid waste handling laws and regulations.
Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE): a soft, flexible, plastic commonly used in packaging materials like
plastic bags, film wrap, and squeeze bottles. It is known for its durability and resistance to moisture.
Materials Recovery Facility(MRF):a specialized plant where recyclable materials are sorted, cleaned,
and processed for reuse or sale to manufacturers.
MED-Project: a nonprofit organization that provides safe and accessible ways for people to dispose of
unused or expired medications, helping to protect communities and the environment. It operates under
laws requiring pharmaceutical companies to fund these disposal programs.
Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA): a geographic region defined by the U.S. Office of Management
and Budget that consists of a core urban area with a population of 50,000 or more, along with
surrounding communities that have strong economic and social ties to the urban center.
Mixed Paper: all other types of recyclable paper not included in newspaper, cardboard or high-grade
writing papers.
Moderate-risk Wastes (MRW): includes household hazardous waste (see definition above) and wastes
produced by businesses that potentially meet the definition of a hazardous waste except the amount of
waste produced falls below regulatory limits.
Mulching: includes 1) leaving grass clippings on the lawn when mowing; 2) placing yard debris, compost,
wood chips or other materials on the ground in gardens or around trees and shrubs to discourage weeds
and retain moisture.
Municipal Solid Waste (MSW): Non-hazardous waste generated by households, businesses,
institutions, and other non-industrial sources, managed by municipalities. Commonly known as trash or
Non-ferrous Metals: materials predominantly made of copper, lead, brass, tin, aluminum, and other
metals except iron.
Organics: all source-separated yard waste and food scraps separately or combined.
Organics Recycling Collection Areas (ORCAs): designated regions in Washington State where local
governments are required to provide curbside collection of food and organic waste to residents and
ill
waste and methane emissions by diverting organic materials to composting or anaerobic digestion
facilities.
Oxo-degradable:refers to plastics that contain additives, casing them to break down into smaller
fragments when exposed to oxygen, heat, and light. However, these fragments may not fully biodegrade
and can contribute to microplastic pollution.
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Pacific Northwest (PNW): a region in the northwestern United States that primarily includes the states of
Washington, Oregon, and Idaho as well as parts of northern California and British Columbia.
PaintCare: a nonprofit organization that manages pain stewardship programs across the U.S., helping
consumers recycle leftover architectural paint safely and conveniently. Funded by paint manufacturers, it
aims to reduce waste and environmental impact while easing the burden on local governments.
Photovoltaic: refers to the process of converting sunlight directly into electricity using semiconductor
materials, typically through solar panels. Photovoltaic technology is a key component in solar panels.
Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET): Atype of plastic. Commonly used to refer to 2-liter beverage bottles,
although other containers are also increasingly being made from this material, including containers for
liquid and solid materials such as cooking oil, liquor, peanut butter, and many other food and household
products.
Producer Responsibility Organization (PRO): an entity formed or contracted by producers to
organizing recycling systems, ensuring compliance, and reporting on packaging and paper product waste
management.
Public Education: a broad effort to present and distribute informational materials.
Public Information: the development of educational materials for the public, including brochures, videos,
and public service announcements.
Recycling: the act of collecting and/or processing source-separated materials in order to return them to a
usage similar in nature to their previous use.
Recycling Development Center: a state-established initiative that supports the growth of domestic
markets for recyclable materials through research, innovation, and business assistance. Operated by
Ecology, and the Department of Commerce, it aims to strengthen recycling systems and promote a
circular economy.
Resources Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA): a U.S. federal law enacted in 1976 that governs
the management and disposal of solid and hazardous waste. It sets national standards to protect human
health and the environment and promotes waste reduction, recycling, and responsible resource use.
Revised Code of Washington (RCW):This is a compilation of all actively enforced laws in the state of
Washington.
Reusable Items: items that may be reused (or easily repaired), including things such as small
electronics, household items such as dishes, and furniture.
Roll-Off: large open-topped container, generally 8 to 40 cubic yards in volume, used for collecting and
transporting wastes.
Round-up events:a one-day event where the public can drop off special waste that is unacceptable in
the waste stream. These include HHW, MRW, etc.
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APPENDIX M
Self-Haul Waste:waste that is brought to a landfill or transfer station by the person or company that
created the waste. The former is called residential self-haul and the latter is called either non-residential
or commercial self-haul.
Single Stream: refers to the practice of placing all recyclable materials together in one container for
in a commingled mixture, whereas glass bottles are mixed withthe other materials in single stream
collection programs.
Solid Waste: solid and semisolid wastes, including but not limited to garbage, rubbish, ashes, industrial
wastes, swill, demolition and construction wastes, discarded commodities, wood waste, and various
special wastes.
Solid Waste Management Plan (SWMP): strategic document developed by local governments or
jurisdictions to outline how they will manage, reduce, and dispose of solid waste over a period of years.
SWMPs typically include assessments of current waste systems, set goals for waste reduction, and detail
strategies like recycling, composting, and public education to improve sustainability.
Source-separated: means certain recyclables, food, organic and reclaimable materials that are
separated from acceptable waste by the generator for recycling, reuse, or composting, including but not
limited to recyclables, organics, and other materials.
Special Wastes: wastes that have characteristics such that they present special handling and/or disposal
problems.
Spokane County Regional Solid Waste System(SCRSWS): The name of the system that operated the
public transfer stations and other aspects of the solid waste system through November 2014. This system
was created by Interlocal agreements between Spokane County and the cities in the county and was
administered by the City of Spokane.
Spokane Materials and Recycling Technology (SMaRT) Center: a high-tech recycling facility in
Spokane, Washington operated by WM. It uses advanced automation, including optical sorters and
robotics, to efficiently sort and process recyclables from Eastern and Central Washington and North
Idaho. The center supports regional sustainability by increasing recycling capacity and improving material
recovery for reuse in new products.
Spokane Regional Clean Air Agency (SRCAA): a local government agency responsible for enforcing
air quality regulations in Spokane County, Washington. Established under the Washington Clean Air Act,
the SRCAA monitors and controls air pollution from stationary sources, ensures compliance with federal
and state air quality standards, and works to protect public health and the environment.
Spokane Regional Health District (SRHD): the local public health agency serving Spokane Valley. It
works to protect, promote, and improve the health and well-being of the community through evidence-
based programs, regulatory enforcement, and partnerships. SRHD provides services such as disease
prevention, environmental health oversight, emergency preparedness, ad health education, serving a
population of over 550,000 residents.
Spokane Valley Comprehensive Plan (SVCP): -term planning
document that outlines its vision for future growth and development over a 20-year period. It addresses
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APPENDIX M
key areas such as land use, housing, transportation, economic development, and public services, and is
State Environmental Policy Act (SEPA):It is intended to identifyand analyze environmental impacts
associated with governmental decisions. See Appendix D.
Stationary Compactor: A compaction unit installed at an apartment building or medium to large-sized
business, used for compacting and transporting wastes.
Technical Advisory Committee (TAC): a group of local experts and stakeholders who provide guidance
and recommendations to the City of Spokane Valley on the development and implementation of its
SWMP. The TAC helps ensure the plan meets regulatory requirements, supports environmental goals,
and reflects community needs.
Tipping Fee: The rate charged by transfer and disposal facilities, generally on a per-ton basis.
Transfer Station:an intermediate solid waste disposal facility at which solid waste is temporarily
deposited to await transportation to a final disposal site.
Unacceptable Waste: all solid waste not authorized for disposal at the transfer facility and/ or disposal
facility by those governmental entities having jurisdiction over such facilities, or any waste, the disposal of
which would constitute a violation of any governmental requirements pertaining to the environment, public
waste and/ or would not be accepted for disposal by the operator of the disposal facility. Unacceptable
waste includes any waste that is now or hereafter defined by federal, state or local law or by the disposal
jurisdiction as radioactive, dangerous, hazardous, or extremely hazardous waste. Unacceptable waste
include solid waste that is orcontains any infectious waste, radioactive, volatile, corrosive, flammable,
explosive, biomedical, bio-hazardous or toxic material. Unacceptable Waste may also include ashes,
asbestos, swill, sewage sludge, other biosolids, and industrial wastes.
University Transfer Station (UTS): a solid waste facility operated by Sunshine Disposal, Inc. under
contract with the City of Spokane Valley. It provides residents and the public with a convenient location to
drop off household garbage, recyclables, green waste, and certain hazardous materials.
Urban Growth Area (UGA):see Spokane Valley Comprehensive Plan for more details.
Vactor: specialized vacuum trucks equipped with high-suction systems and high-pressure water jets,
used for primarily for cleaning and maintaining sewer lines, storm drains, and catch basins. They are
essential in industrial and municipal settings for safely removing sludge, debris, and other waste from
hard-to-reach areas without manual entry.
Washington Administrative Code(WAC):These are the regulations of executive branch agencies
issued by the authority of statutes.
Washington State Department of Agriculture (WSDA):a state agency responsible for supporting the
agricultural community, ensuring food safety, and protecting the environment through regulation,
inspection, and outreach. It oversees programs related to pest control, organic certification, food
processing, and the transport of regulated materials such as MSW from quarantine areas.
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APPENDIX M
Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT): a state government agency responsible
for planning, building, maintaining, and operating Washington transportation systems. This includes
highways, bridges, rail lines, ferries, and airports across the state.
Washington State Office of Financial Management (OFM): a state agency responsible for supporting
the governor and legislature by providing budget planning, policy analysis, and data-drive decision-
making. It oversees state financial systems, demographic research, and strategic planning to ensure
efficient and effective government operations.
Washington Utilities and Transportation Commission(WUTC): A state agency that regulates the
rates, services, and practices of investor-owned utility and transportation companies in Washington.
Waste Management (WM): local provider of garbage, recycling, and yard waste collection services. It
also operates the SMaRT Center, supporting regional recycling and sustainability efforts.
Waste Reduction or Waste Prevention:reducing the amount or type of solid waste that is generated.
Also defined by state rules to include reducing the toxicity of waste.
Waste-To-Energy (WTE): a process that converts non-recyclable waste materials into usable forms of
energy, such as electricity or heat, typically through combustion, gasification, or other thermal
technologies. It helps reduce landfill use while generating energy.
White Goods: large appliances such as refrigerators.
Yard Waste: Plant and vegetative waste/ debris commonly created in the course of maintaining yards
and gardens, and through horticulture, gardening, landscaping, or similar activities that is free from
clopyralid or other similar substances that are identified in the future by the disposal facility with
advanced written notice provided to the city of such identification by contractor after contractor receives
such notice, and which cause the disposal facility not to accept such yard waste for composting. Yard
waste includes but is not limited to grass clippings, leaves, branches, brush, weeds, flowers, roots,
windfall fruit, vegetable garden debris, holiday trees, and tree pruning debris.
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APPENDIX N
Appendix N
Index
APPENDIX N
Appendix N
Index
Adams County Landfill, 9-7
Adams Reginal County Landfill, 9-8
aluminum, 4-5, 4-6, 6-7, 6-10, 6-11, 6-19
Aluminum, 6-19
anaerobic digestion, 4-6
appliances, 1-2, 5-5
asbestos, 2-5, 4-6, 4-7, 5-2, 5-9, 8-3
Barr-Tech, 7-2, 7-3, 7-4, 9-7, 9-8
Beyond Waste, 1-3, 2-4
biodegradable, 4-5
biomedical, 4-6, 5-2, 5-3, 5-8, 5-9
Biomedical, 5-3, 5-8
businesses, 1-1, 1-4, 2-5, 2-8, 2-10, 4-7, 5-7, 5-11, 6-2, 6-20, 7-2, 7-4, 8-1, 8-4
C&D, 2-5, 4-6, 4-7
cardboard, 4-5, 6-7, 6-8, 6-10, 6-11, 6-15, 6-19
Cardboard, 6-11, 6-19
CESQGs, 1-5
Chapter 70A.205 RCW, 1-1, 1-2
Chapter 70A.300 RCW, 1-1
Characterization, 1-5, 6-14, 7-3
chemicals, 4-5, 4-7, 5-12
collection, 1-2, 1-4, 1-5, 2-1, 2-8, 2-9, 4-1, 5-1, 5-2, 5-3, 5-4, 5-11, 6-2, 6-6, 6-9, 6-10, 6-14, 6-18, 6-19, 7-1, 7-
2, 7-4, 7-5, 8-1, 9-8
collection fees, 1-4, 6-2
commercial, 2-1, 4-4, 4-5, 5-1, 5-2, 5-3, 5-4, 5-5, 6-2, 6-8, 7-2, 7-3, 8-2
Commercial, 5-4, 6-8, 7-2
composition, 4-1, 4-3, 6-14, 6-19
Compost, 2-10, 7-5, 9-8
composting, 1-2, 1-4, 2-8, 2-10, 4-5, 7-2, 7-4, 7-5
concrete/asphalt, 4-6, 4-7
contamination, 1-2, 1-3, 1-6, 2-5, 2-10, 6-3, 6-4, 6-7, 6-9, 6-14, 6-15, 6-18, 6-19, 8-2, 9-8, 10-2
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APPENDIX N
contract, 1-4, 5-1, 5-2, 5-4, 5-11, 6-14, 8-1, 8-3, 9-1, 9-7, 10-2
contractor, 1-2, 10-2
contractors, 5-1, 5-2, 5-4, 5-5, 5-11, 6-8, 9-1, 9-7
Copper, 6-19
Covid-19, 2-3, 2-5
curbside, 1-4, 5-2, 5-3, 5-4, 6-6, 6-8, 6-9, 6-10, 6-14, 6-18, 6-19, 7-1, 7-2, 7-4
Curbside Recycling, 6-6
decomposition, 4-5, 4-6, 7-4
disposal, 1-1, 1-2, 1-4, 4-1, 5-1, 5-8, 5-9, 5-11, 6-2, 7-4, 8-1, 8-3, 9-6, 9-8, 10-1
diversion, 1-3, 2-10, 4-1, 4-2, 6-6, 7-4, 8-1, 8-2, 9-6
Ecology, 2-4, 2-8, 2-9, 2-10, 7-4, 7-5, 9-6, 10-1
EPA, 6-1
food waste, 1-4, 2-5, 2-8, 2-9, 2-10, 4-1, 4-5, 4-6, 6-2, 6-3, 6-5, 6-15, 6-19, 7-1, 7-2, 7-4
Food waste, 4-5
generation rate, 4-2
glass, 4-1, 4-4, 4-6, 6-11, 6-19
Glass, 6-11, 6-14, 6-19
green waste, 4-5, 5-5, 6-15, 7-1
greenhouse gas, 4-5
haulers, 1-4, 5-1, 5-2, 5-3, 5-5, 8-3
hazardous, 1-2, 1-3, 2-5, 3-3, 4-6, 4-7, 5-11, 8-3, 9-6, 10-1
HDPE, 6-19
Health District, 10-1
HHW, 1-2, 3-3, 4-4, 8-3
hog fuel, 4-5
inert waste, 4-6
inert wastes, 4-6
LDPE, 6-19
metal, 4-5, 4-6, 4-7, 6-3, 6-15, 6-19, 7-4
methane, 2-8, 2-10, 4-5, 4-6
Moderate Risk Waste Management Plan, 1-1, 1-2, 2-4
moderate-risk waste, 2-5
MRW, 1-2, 1-4, 1-5, 4-7, 5-5, 5-11, 5-12, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 9-8
MSW, 2-8, 4-1, 4-2, 4-5, 5-5, 5-8, 5-9, 5-11, 6-14
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APPENDIX N
multi-family, 5-3, 7-1
National Sword, 2-5
OFM, 2-2
ORCA, 7-4
organics, 1-2, 1-3, 1-4, 2-5, 2-8, 2-9, 2-10, 3-3, 4-4, 4-5, 4-6, 5-1, 5-2, 5-3, 5-4, 5-7, 7-1, 7-2, 7-3, 7-4, 7-5, 8-
1, 8-2, 9-8, 10-1
Organics, 1-4, 2-10, 2-11, 4-5, 5-2, 5-3, 7-0, 7-1, 7-2, 7-4, 7-5
paper, 2-5, 4-1, 4-4, 4-5, 6-3, 6-8, 6-11, 6-15, 6-19
Paper, 6-10, 6-15, 6-16, 6-19
permits, 8-3
PET, 6-19
plastics, 2-5, 4-1, 6-3, 6-10, 6-11, 6-15, 6-19, 7-4
population, 2-2, 4-2, 4-4, 7-4, 9-7
PVC, 6-19
recyclables, 1-2, 1-3, 1-5, 2-5, 3-3, 4-5, 5-1, 5-4, 6-2, 6-3, 6-4, 6-5, 6-6, 6-9, 6-10, 6-11, 6-14, 6-15, 6-18, 6-
19, 6-20, 6-21, 8-1, 8-2, 10-2
recycling, 1-2, 1-4, 2-9, 4-1, 4-5, 4-6, 5-1, 5-2, 5-3, 5-4, 5-5, 5-9, 6-1, 6-2, 6-3, 6-4, 6-6, 6-7, 6-8, 6-9, 6-10, 6-
11, 6-14, 6-15, 6-18, 6-19, 6-20, 6-21, 7-1, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 9-8, 10-2
reduction, 1-2, 1-6, 2-9, 2-10, 5-12, 6-1, 6-2, 8-1, 9-6
residential, 1-4, 2-1, 2-2, 4-4, 4-5, 4-6, 5-2, 5-3, 5-4, 5-5, 5-9, 5-11, 6-2, 6-6, 6-18, 6-19, 7-1, 7-2, 7-3, 7-5, 8-
1, 10-1
reuse, 4-7, 6-1, 6-2, 6-19, 8-1, 8-4
self-haul, 1-2, 5-1, 5-5
SEPA, 1-5
sharps, 1-4, 4-6, 5-9
SMaRT Center, 6-5, 6-6, 6-8, 9-7, 9-8
Spokane Regional Solid Waste Management System, 1-2
SRCAA, 8-3
steel, 4-5, 4-6, 6-10, 6-19
Steel, 6-19
Sunshine, 1-2, 1-4, 1-5, 5-1, 5-2, 5-3, 5-4, 5-5, 6-8, 7-2, 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 9-1, 9-8, 10-2
SVCP, 2-4
SWMP, 1-2, 1-4, 7-5
TAC, 3-1, 3-3
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APPENDIX N
textiles, 4-1, 6-15
transfer, 1-2, 2-6, 5-5, 5-6, 5-7, 7-2, 7-4, 8-3, 9-8
transport, 1-2, 4-1, 5-1, 5-3, 5-8, 5-11, 6-2, 6-6, 6-19, 7-4, 9-6
UTS, 1-2, 5-5, 5-7, 5-8, 5-9, 5-12, 5-0, 6-7, 6-8, 7-1, 7-2, 8-2, 9-6, 9-7, 9-8, 10-2
vision, 1-1, 2-4, 3-1, 3-2, 3-3, 4-1, 9-1
Waste-to-Energy, 4-3
WM, 1-2, 1-4, 5-1, 5-2, 5-3, 5-4, 5-5, 5-8, 5-9, 6-4, 6-5, 6-7, 6-8, 6-10, 6-14, 6-15, 7-1, 7-2, 8-1, 8-2, 9-1, 9-8,
10-2
WM, 1-4
WM, 1-5
wood, 4-1, 4-5, 4-6, 7-1
WSDOT, 5-11
WUTC, 5-3, 10-1
yard waste, 1-4, 4-1, 4-5, 7-1
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Solid and Moderate Risk WasteManagement Plan
Comment 1:
I am writing to strongly endorse the option of requiring everyhome in Spokane Valley to
have Waste Management bins forat least garbage. Giving every home owner the current
option of not using Waste management bins allows every home to be a garbage dump and
garbage for months in the back of a pickup truck.
Another nearby home hides its garbage bags, but apparently requires regular rodent control
services.
Comment 2:
I have never had a problem with my service. I feel the price is reasonable.
Comment 3:
I don't want to pay for more things I don't use. I don't think we should be forced to pay for
anything other than trash.